2012 African American History Calendar
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Celebrating 31 years of African American accomplishments American African of years 31 Celebrating 2012 Aetna African American History Calendar History American African Aetna 2012 Leading the next generation of business of generation next the Leading Celebrating innovation Celebrating Timeline Sources: Photography Locations: Photography 1. www.theroot.com/multimedia/work-live-earn-multiply Introduction: George Washington Carver Library, Austin, Texas Lou Jones Studio 2. www.nndb.com/people/679/000121316/ January: Santa Monica Pier, Santa Monica, California Boston, Massachusetts 3. http://encyclopediaofalabama.org/face/Article.jsp?id=h-2062 February: Shima Seiki U.S.A. INC., Monroe Twp., New Jersey 4. www.cogreatwomen.org/brown-clara.htm March: Chicago, Illinois Lou Jones, Photographer 5. http://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/fortune_ April: Upper Marlboro, Maryland archive/2002/07/22/326294/index.htm May: Bair Middle School, Sunrise, Florida Photography Assistants 6. http://inventors.about.com/od/mstartinventors/a/Garrett_ June: Las Vegas, Nevada Mike DeStefano Morgan.htm July: Carol’s Daughter, Inc., New York, New York Matt Kalinowski 7. www.themsj.com/black-business-leaders-in-america- August: Avis Ford, Southfield, Michigan Bruce Lithimane 1.2440240?pagereq=2 September: California Sound Studios, Lake Forest, California Leah Raymond 8. www.usatoday.com/money/top25-leaders.htm October: West Chester, Ohio Kenneth Smoot 9. www.biography.com/people/marcus-garvey-9307319 November: Franklin Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 10. www.inventions.org/culture/african/matzeliger.html December: New York, New York Printer 11. www.blackenterprise.com/management/earl-graves/ Allied Printing, Manchester, Connecticut 12. www.reginaldflewis.com/biography-3.php 13. www.chjamesco.com/leadership/leadership5.html Special thanks to those whose effort and time To Order Calendars 14. http://investing.businessweek.com/research/stocks/people/ helped create this calendar: Additional calendars are available for $4 each. person.asp?personId=8420700&ticker=LMT:US Aetna African American Employee Resource Group To order please send a check, payable to Aetna, to: 15. www.thegrio.com/money/made-in-america-black- Phil Barr, Strategic Initiative Aetna African American History Calendar owned-businesses-blaze-trails-on-our-soil.php Mark Callahan, Design and Interactive Media Corporate Communications, RW3H 16. www.chrisgardnermedia.com/about/bio Miguel Centeno, Community Relations, New York 151 Farmington Avenue 17. www.blackpast.org/?q=1810-2 Jane Condron, Law Information Hartford, CT 06156 18. www.wisconsinhistory.org/libraryarchives/aanp/freedom/ Floyd Green, Head of Community Relations 19. www.pbs.org/blackpress/news_bios/douglass.html Chekesha Kidd, Head of Student Health Phone: 860-273-0509 20. www.promenadespeakers.com/page23.html William Kramer, Deputy Counsel, Law and Regulatory Affairs Fax: 860-273-6675 21. www.aaregistry.org/historic_events/view/elleanor- Will Thomas, Corporate Communications eldridge-businesswoman-amid-oppression Amy Trimani, Corporate Communications 22. www.riseandgrind.com/2010/11/25/henry-g-parks/ Thomas Wynn, Print Production The individuals profiled in this calendar are not agents or employees of Aetna. Aetna does not endorse any of the products of these individuals 23. www.rhboydpublishing.com/our_company/history/ or any product displayed. index.php Credits: 24. http://fidelisdc.com/ Produced by Aetna Inc. 25. www.biography.com/people/tyra-banks- Hartford, Connecticut 16242328?page=2#reality-tv-and-other-work Peggy Garrity, Project Manager 26. www.thefreelibrary.com/Black+Enterprise+Issues+31st+ Annual+Report+on+America%27s+Leading...-a0101575797 Project Assistants Myrna Blum Sharon Valechko Creative Development The Pita Group Rocky Hill, Connecticut Emily Cretella, Writer Kim Pita, Writer Lisa Santoro, Creative Director and Designer Nicole Stavola, Researcher 00.00.924.1 B A Rich History In Business Throughout history, African American entrepreneurs 1809: Elleanor Eldridge went to live 1810: The African Insurance 1818: Thomas Day of North with her sister in Adams, Mass. While Company of Philadelphia is the first Carolina is considered the first widely have had a critical impact on the landscape of American there, she and her siblings started black-owned insurance company in known furniture and cabinetmaker in business. This timeline will introduce you to some of a business of weaving, washing and the United States.17 the United States.17 21 the most groundbreaking and inspiring business soap boiling. achievements of the last 200+ years. >> Believe It Is Possible Starting, running and growing a business, especially We traveled across the country to gain perspectives Aetna is pleased to present the 31st annual at a young age, takes passion, energy, drive, from young entrepreneurs who, despite humble African American History Calendar, celebrating the innovation and momentum. beginnings, have already earned millions, sold and remarkable ambition of young entrepreneurs who purchased businesses, formed foundations to are working day and night to make a difference in The 14 young entrepreneurs honored in the support youth, authored books, and even had their the communities where they live and work. 31st annual edition of the Aetna African American faces pictured on credit cards. History Calendar all believed it was possible to do something extraordinary with their lives. They are amazing and bright individuals who have leveraged the advancement of technology to further They were born with an entrepreneurial spirit. Many their dreams and advance their success. As leaders entered into business for themselves before the age for the next generation of business, these young of 10. They found ways to make money early on — entrepreneurs are at the top of the pack among selling items such as hand-painted rocks, lotions and their peers. perfumes, music lessons, clothing and jewelry; and doing yard work for neighbors. PASSION • ENERGY • DRIVE INNOVATION • MOMENTUM Ingenuity and Innovation Continue with Today’s Young Entrepreneurs By Juliet E.K. Walker, Ph.D. Documented African American history primarily focuses on the fight for racial equality by political activists and social reformers. Absent in historical records, however, are African Americans who forged and encouraged economic liberation through entrepreneurship and business enterprise. Blacks also were involved in international trade. In 1784, Paul Cuffe became Many of them, some of whom are profiled in this calendar, have capitalized the first black to sail as master of his own ship. By 1806, he had a fleet of on the evolution of information technology to provide them with a global Throughout history, business ingenuity and innovation have driven and five ships transporting commodities to and from the West Indies, Africa, customer base. inspired black business development and expansion. This continues today with England, Sweden and Russia. the abundance of young entrepreneurs bringing business ideas to reality, This millennial generation of entrepreneurs is well educated and well establishing new business categories, leveraging creative ingenuity and African American women also have a historic tradition in business dating versed. They start young and maintain momentum until success is conquering unforeseen challenges. back to Colonial times. They established domestic and personal service achieved. Many are millionaires before turning 20 years old. They are enterprises. The Remond sisters established a hair salon and wig factory passionate pioneers — just as their ancestors who came before them — Black business history dates back to Colonial America. Until the Civil War, in Massachusetts; as well as manufactured medicated hair tonics, which on a quest to make the world a better place. both slaves and free blacks worked as business owners in the preindustrial generated substantial mail order sales. Elizabeth Keckley, the dressmaker mainstream business community. for Mary Todd Lincoln, owned a Washington, D.C., haute couture fashion house that employed many female black seamstresses. In New Orleans, Dr. Juliet E.K. Walker is founder and director of the Center for Black Business History, Entrepreneurship and Technology at the University of Texas at Austin, where she The most successful black businesspeople were wholesale and retail in the 1850s, Madame Macarty owned a railroad depot worth more also serves as a history professor. merchants, as well as lumber and coal merchants. Some were commission than $155,000. brokers, as well as manufacturers. Blacks also owned steamships and railroad cars. Others invested in government, and commercial stocks and Since that time, much progress has been made by young black entrepreneurs. bonds. Several achieved wealth in excess of $100,000, particularly those They are at the forefront of developing successful enterprises inside and who owned large real estate holdings and plantations. outside the home. 2012 Aetna African American History Calendar www.aetnaafricanamericanhistorycalendar.com Hamet Watt thrives on transforming innovative ideas “bLife’s mission is to develop engaging and eff ective Watt advocates for the use of science in behavior Hamet Watt into successful companies. His focus has always been science-based tools that enable people to lead change. “The last decade of research now provides on fi nding creative ways to solve big problems. healthier and happier lives,” said Watt. “When clear data showing that improving psychological well-