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The Ground of Empowerment
THE GROUND OF EMPOWERMENT W. E. B. Du Bois and the Vision of Africa’s Past by Tracey Lynn Thompson A thesis submitted in conformity with the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of History University of Toronto © Copyright by Tracey Lynn Thompson 2011 The Ground of Empowerment W. E. B. Du Bois and the Vision of Africa’s Past Tracey Lynn Thompson Doctor of Philosophy Department of History University of Toronto 2011 Abstract Scholars have examined many aspects of W. E. B. Du Bois’s project of empowering oppressed peoples in the United States and around the world. However they have treated in only a fragmentary way one of the principal strategies that he used to counter hegemonic ideologies of African and African American inferiority. That strategy was to turn to the evidence of history. Here I argue that Du Bois, alerted by Franz Boas to Africans’ historical attainments, confronted claims made by European Americans that Africans and a fortiori African Americans lacked any achievement independent of European or other foreign influence. Du Bois linked African Americans to Africa and laid out repeatedly and in detail a narrative of autonomous African historical accomplishment. I demonstrate that his approach to the history of Africa constituted a radical departure from the treatment of Africa presented by scholars located in the mainstream of contemporary anglophone academic thought. I argue that while his vision of Africa’s history did not effect any significant shift in scholarly orthodoxy, it played a crucial role, at a grave juncture in race relations in the United States, in helping to equip young African Americans with the psychological resources necessary to challenge white supremacist systems. -
Hubert H. Harrison Papers, 1893-1927 MS# 1411
Hubert H. Harrison Papers, 1893-1927 MS# 1411 ©2007 Columbia University Libraries SUMMARY INFORMATION Creator Harrson, Hubert H. Title and dates Hubert H. Harrison Papers, 1893-1927 Abstract Size 23 linear ft. (19 doucument boxes; 7 record storage cartons; 1 flat box) Call number MS# 1411 Location Columbia University Butler Library, 6th Floor Rare Book and Manuscript Library 535 West 114th Street New York, NY 10027 Hubert H. Harrison Papers Languages of material English, French, Latin Biographical Note Born April 27, 1883, in Concordia, St. Croix, Danish West Indies, Hubert H. Harrison was a brilliant and influential writer, orator, educator, critic, and political activist in Harlem during the early decades of the 20th century. He played unique, signal roles, in what were the largest class radical movement (socialism) and the largest race radical movement (the New Negro/Garvey movement) of his era. Labor and civil rights activist A. Philip Randolph described him as “the father of Harlem radicalism” and historian Joel A. Rogers considered him “the foremost Afro-American intellect of his time” and “one of America’s greatest minds.” Following his December 17, 1927, death due to complications of an appendectomy, Harrison’s important contributions to intellectual and radical thought were much neglected. In 1900 Harrison moved to New York City where he worked low-paying jobs, attended high school, and became interested in freethought and socialism. His first of many published letters to the editor appeared in the New York Times in 1903. During his first decade in New York the autodidactic Harrison read and wrote constantly and was active in Black intellectual circles at St. -
The Crisis, Vol. 1, No. 2. (December, 1910)
THE CRISIS A RECORD OF THE DARKER RACES Volume One DECEMBER, 1910 Number Two Edited by W. E. BURGHARDT DU BOIS, with the co-operation of Oswald Garrison Villard, J. Max Barber, Charles Edward Russell, Kelly Miller, VV. S. Braithwaite and M. D. Maclean. CONTENTS Along the Color Line 5 Opinion . 11 Editorial ... 16 Cartoon .... 18 By JOHN HENRY ADAMS Editorial .... 20 The Real Race Prob lem 22 By Profeaor FRANZ BOAS The Burden ... 26 Talks About Women 28 By Mn. J. E. MILHOLLAND Letters 28 What to Read . 30 PUBLISHED MONTHLY BY THE National Association for the Advancement of Colored People AT TWENTY VESEY STREET NEW YORK CITY ONE DOLLAR A YEAR TEN CENTS A COPY THE CRISIS ADVERTISER ONE OF THE SUREST WAYS TO SUCCEED IN LIFE IS TO TAKE A COURSE AT The Touissant Conservatory of Art and Music 253 West 134th Street NEW YORK CITY The most up-to-date and thoroughly equipped conservatory in the city. Conducted under the supervision of MME. E. TOUISSANT WELCOME The Foremost Female Artist of the Race Courses in Art Drawing, Pen and Ink Sketching, Crayon, Pastel, Water Color, Oil Painting, Designing, Cartooning, Fashion Designing, Sign Painting, Portrait Painting and Photo Enlarging in Crayon, Water Color, Pastel and Oil. Artistic Painting of Parasols, Fans, Book Marks, Pin Cushions, Lamp Shades, Curtains, Screens, Piano and Mantel Covers, Sofa Pillows, etc. Music Piano, Violin, Mandolin, Voice Culture and all Brass and Reed Instruments. TERMS REASONABLE THE CRISIS ADVERTISER THE NATIONAL ASSOCIATION for the ADVANCEMENT of COLORED PEOPLE OBJECT.—The National Association COMMITTEE.—Our work is car for the Advancement of Colored People ried on under the auspices of the follow is an organization composed of men and ing General Committee, in addition to the women of all races and classes who be officers named: lieve that the present widespread increase of prejudice against colored races and •Miss Gertrude Barnum, New York. -
Tracing Puerto Ricans' Sociopolitical Activism in New York City from An
Following Their Footsteps: Tracing Puerto Ricans’ Sociopolitical Activism in New York City from an Afro-Centric Perspective* by Milagros Denis-Rosario, Ph.D. Department of Africana and Puerto Rican/Latino Studies Hunter College-CUNY Professor Denis-Rosario ([email protected]) earned a Ph.D. in Latin American and Caribbean history from Howard University, a Master’s degree in Africana Studies from Cornell University and a B.A. in Art History from the University of Puerto Rico. She is currently working on her manuscript, “Drops of Inclusivity: Racial Equations and Meanings in Puerto Rican Society, 1898-1960,” which is a historical analysis of race in Puerto Rican society. Abstract Many studies stress that Puerto Ricans do not fit into the American racial binary of “black or white,” and that because of this “uniqueness” the Puerto Rican racial experience should be measured differently. This work evaluates the activities of the black Puerto Ricans who arrived and settled in New York City. Although they confronted issues of adaptation, racism, and persistent poverty, they forged an identity in ways that resonate with the experience and perspective of Arturo Schomburg, a black Puerto Rican and a pioneer of the Africa-centered tradition. As a historian, I review the life and work of Schomburg and examine his perspective on the central role of Africa and its descendants in the history of the world, giving voice to Afro- descendants’ quest to preserve their culture wherever they are. I also review the philosophy of C. Tsehloane Keto, who posited the centrality of African history in interpreting the experience of people of African descent in the U.S. -
Notes on Negro American Influences on the Emergence of African Nationalism
,rournal of African History, t, 2 (1g6o), pp. egg-312 . NOTES ON NEGRO AMERICAN INFLUENCES ON THE EMERGENCE OF AFRICAN NATIONALISM By GEORGE SHEPPERSON THE claims of no people . are respected by any nation until they are presented in a national capacity. (Martin R. Delany, The Condition, Elevation, Emigration Politically Considered, and Destiny of the Colored People of the United States, Philadelphia, 1852, p. 210 .) . it is not so much Afro-Americans that we want as Africans . (Casely Hayford, Ethiopia Unbound, London, 1911, p. 173.) . on us too depends in a large degree the attitude of Europe towards the teeming millions of Asia and Africa. (William Edward Burghardt Du Bois, `The Present Outlook for the Dark Races of Mankind', African Methodist Episcopal Church Review, Philadelphia, XVI, 1900, pp. 102-3.) It may be that the day is not far off when the new Negroes of Africa will be demanding that their blood brothers in the United States be treated with absolute fairness and justice. (James Weldon Johnson, New York Age, 12 May 1923 .) THE first British Empire owed much to the triangular trade between Africa, the West Indies and North America. The last British Empire has not been uninfluenced by another triangular trade, a trade not of pocatille, slaves and molasses, but a commerce of ideas and politics between the descendants of the slaves in the West Indies and North America and their ancestral continent. Until the imposition ofimmigrant quotas by the United States in the 1g2os, West Indian Negroes' contributed a distinct element to the coloured American's interest in and influence on Africa. -
The Class Appeal of Marcus Garvey's Propaganda and His Relationship with the Black American Left Through August 1920
University of Central Florida STARS Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2004-2019 2015 The Class Appeal of Marcus Garvey's Propaganda and His Relationship with the Black American Left Through August 1920 Geoffrey Cravero University of Central Florida Part of the Public History Commons Find similar works at: https://stars.library.ucf.edu/etd University of Central Florida Libraries http://library.ucf.edu This Masters Thesis (Open Access) is brought to you for free and open access by STARS. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2004-2019 by an authorized administrator of STARS. For more information, please contact [email protected]. STARS Citation Cravero, Geoffrey, "The Class Appeal of Marcus Garvey's Propaganda and His Relationship with the Black American Left Through August 1920" (2015). Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2004-2019. 65. https://stars.library.ucf.edu/etd/65 THE CLASS APPEAL OF MARCUS GARVEY’S PROPAGANDA AND HIS RELATIONSHIP WITH THE BLACK AMERICAN LEFT THROUGH AUGUST 1920 by GEOFFREY V. CRAVERO B.A. University of Central Florida, 2003 A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in the Department of History in the College of Arts and Humanities at the University of Central Florida Orlando, Florida Spring Term 2015 Major Professor: Connie Lester © 2015 Geoffrey V. Cravero ii ABSTRACT This thesis examines the class appeal of Marcus Garvey’s propaganda and his relationship with the black American left through the end of his movement’s formative years to reveal aspects of his political thought that are not entirely represented in the historiography. -
Dr. VP Franklin, Chairperson Dr. Molly Mcgarry Dr
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA RIVERSIDE African Americans and the Spanish-American War and Philippine Insurrection: Military Participation, Recognition, and Memory, 1898-1904 Doctor of Philosophy in History by Timothy Dale Russell June 2013 Dissertation Committee: Dr. V.P. Franklin, Chairperson Dr. Molly McGarry Dr. Rebecca Kugel Copyright by Timothy Dale Russell 2013 The Dissertation of Timothy Dale Russell is approved: Committee Chairperson University of California, Riverside ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to express my deepest gratitude to my advisor, Dr. V. P. Franklin, without whose direction and invaluable assistance this dissertation would not have been possible. Thank you for providing the wisdom, patience, and expertise that guided me through this endeavor. I would also like to thank my committee members, Dr. Rebecca Kugel and Dr. Molly McGarry, for their mentorship and support through the years. I would like to thank my loving wife Vera, my parents Mike and Betty Russell, and Peter and Sheila Woodington, for their constant support and encouragement as I labored through the dissertation process. Thank you for providing the foundation and stability that kept me buoyed and focused on achieving this goal. I would also like to offer my heartfelt appreciation to Lance Eisenhauer, Jon Ille, and Dr. Owen Jones, who were always ready to lend a welcome ear and offer kind advice. Thank you for your friendship, I will cherish it always. Finally, I wish to take a moment to remember those dear family members who I have lost in the past year, and whose influence I will carry with me always. My grandparents, Ezra and Bettie Ellis, whose example and life lessons taught me the meaning of facing and overcoming life’s challenges, thank you. -
African Americans, Imperialism, and Notions of Racial Manhood 1890-1910"
International Review of Social History 44 (1999), Supplement, pp. 77-99 © 1999 Internationaal Instituut voor Sociale Geschiedenis "The Black Man's Burden": African Americans, Imperialism, and Notions of Racial Manhood 1890-1910" MICHELE MITCHELL Take up the White Man's Burden - Send forth the best ye breed - Go bind your sons to exile To serve your captives' need [...] Comes now, to search your manhood Through all the thankless years, Cold-edged with dear-brought wisdom, The judgment of your peers! Rudyard Kipling, i8pp* Take up the Black Man's burden - "Send forth the best ye breed", To judge with righteous judgment The Black Man's work and need [...] Let the glory of your people Be the making of great men, The lifting of the lowly To noble thought and aim [...] /. Dallas Bowser, In 1899, about fifteen years after the Conference of Berlin accelerated Europe's partitioning of Africa, African-American preacher Henry Blanton Parks fervently believed the fate of Africa would be determined during the twentieth century. Parks struggled long and hard as a young man to secure an education in Georgia and rise in the ranks of the African Methodist Episcopal (AME) Church; he earned a reputation for having an expansive outlook in the process. By the time he became Secretary of Home and Foreign Missions, Reverend Parks not only located Christian redemption of Africa within the promise of a new century, he authored a book to convince other African Americans that it was their duty to conquer the continent for God, for Africans, for themselves. In Africa: The Problem of the New Century, Parks contended that if the AME Church failed to secure a righteous "destiny [...] [for] the junior races of the world [...] [and] historic * The author would like to thank Nancy MacLean, Tessie Liu, Nancy Hunt, and Eileen Boris for their comments on earlier versions of this article. -
Black Identity, Masculinity, and Authenticity Through the Body of T
BUILDING MULTIRACIAL FORTUNES: BLACK IDENTITY, MASCULINITY, AND AUTHENTICITY THROUGH THE BODY OF T. THOMAS FORTUNE, 1883-1907 _______________ A Thesis Presented to the Faculty of San Diego State University _______________ In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Arts in History _______________ by Guy Mount Fall 2011 iii Copyright © 2011 by Guy Mount All Rights Reserved iv ABSTRACT OF THE THESIS Building Multiracial Fortunes: Black Identity, Masculinity, and Authenticity Through the Body of T. Thomas Fortune, 1883-1907 by Guy Mount Master of Arts in History San Diego State University, 2011 This thesis examines the post-emancipation formation of African American identity, masculinity, and authenticity through the white skinned, multiracial body of T. Thomas Fortune, the premier African American newspaper editor of the Gilded Age and Progressive Era. It argues that multiracial African American men like Fortune were central to the collective construction of an authentic black male identity between 1883 and 1907. Often functioning as foil characters in elaborate racial performances which characterized them as less authentic, less masculine, and more subject to racial disloyalty, Fortune and others who visually presented a racially ambiguous body challenged this narrowly drawn and internally imposed paradigm of orthodox black male authenticity while resisting its implications. Emerging from chattel slavery in Florida and surviving a particularly violent strand of Reconstruction in Marianna County, Fortune relocated to New York City where he harnessed the power of the press to fight white racism and eventually enter the debates over a rapidly crystallizing image of black masculinity. In doing so he attempted to inscribe an alternative political meaning to interracial sexuality, the bodies of white skinned African Americans, and indeed, the very notion of authentic black manhood itself. -
WILLIAMS COLLEGE LIBRARIES COPYRIGHT ASSIGNMENT and INSTRUCTIONS for a STUDENT TIIESIS Your Unpublished Thesis, Submitted for A
WILLIAMS COLLEGE LIBRARIES COPYRIGHT ASSIGNMENTAND INSTRUCTIONS FOR A STUDENT TIIESIS Your unpublished thesis, submitted for a degree at Williams College and administered by the Williams College Libraries, will be 'made available for research use. You may, through this form, provide instructions regarding copyright, access, dissemination and reproduction of your thesis. The College has the right in all cases to maintain and preserve theses both in hardcopy and electronic format, and to make such copies as the Libraries require for their research and archival functions. _The faculty advisor/s to the student writing the thesis claims joint authorship in this work. _ 1/we have included in this thesis copyrighted material for which 1/we have not received permission from the copyright holder/s. If you do not secure copyright permissions by the time your thesis is submitted, you will still be allowed to submit. However, if the necessary copyright permissions are not received, e-posting of your thesis may be affected. Copyrighted material may include images (tables, drawings, photographs, figures, maps, graphs, etc.), sound files, video material, data sets, and large portions of text. I. COPYRIGHT An author by law owns the copyright to his/her work, whether or not a copyright symbol and date are place� the piece. Please choose one of the options below with respect to the copyright in your thesis. _J_1/we choose not to retain the copyright to the thesis, and hereby assign the copyright to Williams College. Selecting this option will assigu copyright to the College. If the author/s wishes later to publish the work, he/she/they will need to obtain permission to do so from theLibraries, which will be grantedexcept in unusual circumstances. -
The Marcus Tucker Collection: Black Men of Courage
THE MARCUS TUCKER COLLECTION: BLACK MEN OF COURAGE A special collection of books about positive, high achieving Black men to inspire all Americans. Santa Monica Public Library Main Library 601 Santa Monica Blvd. 310-458-8600 www.smpl.org keyword: marcus tucker collection THE MARCUS TUCKER COLLECTION: Black Men of Courage Biographies of Inspiring African American Achievers THE MARCUS TUCKER COLLECTION: Black Men of Courage is a unique collection of books at the Santa Monica Public Library, 601 Santa Monica Blvd., Santa Monica, CA 90406. Tel. 310 – 458 – 8600. The Collection honors Judge Marcus O. Tucker, Jr., who was born and raised in Santa Monica, for his 43 year legal and judicial career as a pioneer and leader, his community involvement, and his interest in young people. The purpose of this collection is to inspire all Americans, particularly young men, to pursue education, achievement, and community service. The African American men profiled in these books struggled against many obstacles to make positive contributions to society. Some are famous, many are not, but all have something of value to offer young people today in their quest to find a place in our society. Our future as a flourishing community depends on adults encouraging a commitment to beneficial achievement and service. To young people everywhere: read these books to inspire your own dreams and to learn ways to overcome inevitable difficulties. This booklist and more information about individual books may be found on the library’s website at www.smpl.org. Keyword “Marcus Tucker Collection.” The following binders are at the Reference Desk. -
'Watching the Waters': Tropic Flows in the Harlem Renaissance, Black
Radical Americas Special issue: Radical Periodicals Article ‘Watching the Waters’: Tropic flows in the Harlem Renaissance, Black Internationalism and other currents Jak Peake University of Essex; [email protected] How to Cite: Peake, J. “‘Watching the Waters”: Tropic flows in the Harlem Renaissance, Black Internationalism and other currents.’ Radical Americas 3, 1 (2018): 13. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14324/111.444.ra.2018.v3.1.013. Submission date: 9 July 2018; Publication date: 21 September 2018 Peer review: This article has been peer reviewed through the journal’s standard double blind peer-review, where both the reviewers and authors are anonymised during review. Copyright: c 2018, Jak Peake. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY) 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited • DOI: https://doi.org/10.14324/111.444.ra.2018.v3.1.013. Open access: Radical Americas is a peer-reviewed open access journal. Abstract The ‘Harlem Renaissance’ is now a dominant term for what is commonly used to describe a cultural movement that emerged between the First and Second World Wars. The term became the hegemonic around the early 1970s, displacing similar, yet distinct, alternatives including the New Negro, the New Negro movement and the Negro/Black Renaissance. This essay traces a genealogy of such terms, metanarratives and historiographical currents. The aim here is to demonstrate how the hegemony of the term Harlem Renaissance is linked to its institutionalization as a subject and the rise of Black studies in the United States.