Issue 118 April 2020.Pdf

Falkland Islands Newsletter PPublishedublished bbyy TThehe FFalklandalkland IIslandsslands AAssociationssociation www.www.fi aassociation.comssociation.com

NNoo 111818 AprilApril 22020020 ppeopleeople ppoliticsolitics fi sshinghing ttourismourism aagriculturegriculture eenvironmentnvironment

1111 1 Falkland Islands editorial Association Newsletter by FIA Chair John Duncan OBE Published by: The Falkland Islands Association, Falkland House, London SW1H OBH All change all change Tel 020 3764 0824 WELCOME to the spring edition of our Newsletter. The Islanders’ dedication to protecting honsec@fi association. their unique environment is a key theme to this edition, including the registration under the com Falklands fl ag of the RSS Sir Richard Attenborough, (below left) but also the Islanders’ ISSN 0262-9399 pride in their rich history and their determination to engage with the outside world, be that in sport, commerce, tourism or politics. Edited by: The turn of the year and the dawn of the new decade has brought changes and new Lisa Watson challenges both in Britain, with the election of the new government under Boris Johnson, Stanley and in Argentina with the return to political offi ce of Cristina de Kirchner and Daniel Falkland Islands Filmus. We hope that the latter, whose record of mischief making on Falklands issues lisawatsonfi @gmail.com is well known, will have taken note of Boris Johnson’s fi rm declaration in his traditional Christmas message to the Islanders that he is “Not in the business of ignoring referendum Website results”. Over the past 12 months the FIA Executive Committee (ExCo), all of whom are volunteers, have been working hard to ensure that whatever the future might bring our organisation was ready to support the Islanders eff ectively. Over our long history, going back to the 1968 Emergency Committee, our organisation has adapted in line with the Islands political, economic and social development. The advent of modern electronic communications and of social media have added a further twist. We were keen that the FIA ExCo should properly refl ect the role and obligations of a body, which is responsible for administering around £50,000 of annual funding. Some of this work has been about the way we operate – updating and revising the 1984 www.fi association.com Constitution, engaging with and consulting members more. Other work has centred on improving our technology and the skills to use it. Advertising An eff ective online presence is a key tool for any modern lobbying organisation. A new, For further information mobile compatible, FIA website went live in September last year, properly linked to our go to the inside back social media presence on Facebook, Twitter and Instagram. The online payment process cover. had been streamlined and new email addresses @fi association created for key ExCo offi ce holders. Release of copyright Over the coming year we will continue this work, including by a major membership drive. You can help us as existing members to spread the word. All copyrights on the The major event this year will be the SS Great Britain Exhibition marking the 50th content of the Falkland Anniversary of the return of Brunel’s iconic steamship from the Falkland Islands. (more Islands Newsletter are details in the article inside). ExCo members Bev Verwoert, Peter Johnson and Deborah released except on Northwood have worked closely with theSS Great Britain Trust, FIG and sponsors to pictures, cartoons and highlight the Falkland’s unique culture and environment during this event. I do hope many maps. Other publications of you will fi nd time to visit it. are invited to quote There have been changes too in the Falkland Islands Association Executive Council freely. (ExCo) with the four members (Saul Pitaluga, David Ainslie, Mike Bowles and Steve Wiggins) standing down after many years service. We welcomed Peter Judge, the former However, we ask that Attorney General in Stanley, as a new member of ExCo and we are on the look out for quotations are made in others to join us over the course of the year. context and the Falkland For my part, personal circumstances have forced me to relinquish the chair with eff ect Islands Newsletter is from 2 March 2020 and a search for my successor is already in hand. So, this is my last acknowledged as the contribution to the Newsletter and my sincere thanks go to all members of the ExCo for source. their hard work over the last year as well as to all Members of the Association for their support. Printed by: Platinum Press Ltd Tel 0844 880 4722 www.PlatinumPressLimited.co.uk

Front page image by Penguin News

RSS Sir Richard Attenborough and SS Great Britain www.fi association.com

2 The Secretary’s Desk

AGM 2019. Owing to rail strikes, Members' Area of the website will be the 2019 AGM was slipped to 25 increasingly be used so Members January 2020. In the event, about 56 are warmly encouraged sign up by Members and guests met at the Royal following the online instructions. United Services Institute in Whitehall. Email Addresses. For most As well as the usual formalities there Members we now have email was an exceptional item, namely, the addresses on record but for about 280 consideration of the new Constitution. Members they are lacking. Recently, After a constructive and thoughtful we needed to inform everyone discussion the Constitution was about the change to the date of the agreed and came into use immediately. AGM. This was quick, easy and free The text can be seen on the Members' to those for whom we have email Area of the website and a copy will addresses but it required a letter to the be sent by email to any Member remainder. The costs of a mailout to who requests it. After the business the 280 Members came to £790. So, meeting, there was a buff et lunch Tym Marsh please, if you have an email address, which provided a good opportunity to let us have it as this will help us keep meet up with old friends. To conclude, Hon Sec FIA administrative costs down. there was a showing of an excellent Funds. We have done fairly well in documentary fi lm about the Battle of Members; it is also tricky to administer. recent years in balancing the books. the Falklands in 1914 and the search Therefore, the Executive Committee But running an organisation such for the German warships which were is considering the possibility of as the FIA inevitably becomes more sunk in that bitter engagement. reducing the number of categories as expensive with the passage of time. AGM 2020. The next AGM is to a preliminary to mounting a drive to If any Member is able to raise funds be held in London on Saturday 5 recruit many more new Members. It is on our behalf, or to direct funds large December 2020 and further details hoped to conclude these discussions or small towards us, that would be will be provided in the October in the near future and any changes immensely helpful and appreciated. Newsletter. which aff ect existing Members will be Thanks to Members. Finally, I Membership Categories. At communicated at the next convenient would like to thank all Members the moment, the Association has a opportunity. for their continuing support. As we complicated membership structure Members' Area of the Website. know, the Argentinian claim to the with no less than 10 diff erent It is the intention of the Executive Falklands continues unrelentingly. categories including: with Newsletter, Committee that we should try and The Association stands ready to leap without Newsletter, in UK, abroad, and keep Members better informed to the defence of the Islands if that so on. This all looks rather confusing and be more transparent about the should become necessary and we and is off -putting for potential new workings of the Association. The cannot aff ord to be complacent.

3 News RRS Sir David Attenborough registered to the Falkland Islands THE Royal Research Ship RRS Sir David Attenborough, was fl agged to the Falkland Islands and offi cially named in a ceremony at Birkenhead, near Liverpool on September 26, 2019 Commissioned by Natural Environ- ment Research Council, built by Cam- mell Laird and operated by British Antarctic Survey, the new research platform will carry out work in the Po- lar regions. Sir David Attenborough said that the ship’s role would be vital: “This aston- ishing ship will fi nd the science with which to deal with the problems that are facing the world today and will in- creasingly do so tomorrow.” He also said it had been a great hon- our to have such a ship named after him. The Duke and Duchess of Cam- bridge were also at the naming cer- emony; the Duchess offi cially namedAbove: Sir David the new ship. Attenborough Speaking after the event the Falk-with Falkland land Islands Government’s Marine Of-Islands Govern- fi cer, Captain Chris Locke said: ment“It’s aMarine great honour to have such an impor-Offi cer, Captain tant scientifi c vessel on the FalklandsChris Locke. Flag. Right: The ship A signifi cant amount of work herself has been undertaken by the Falkland Islands Government to ensure theice at a speed of 3 knots (5.6 km/h; two in the bow and two in the stern. vessels registration went ahead 3.5 on mph). At an economical cruising Her ice class, Polar Class 4, is in- schedule. It was a privilege to bespeed able of 13 knots (24 km/h; 15 mph), tended for year-round operation in to attend the ceremony.” she has an operating range of 19,000 thick fi rst-year ice which may include Sir David Attenborough has a maxi- nautical miles (35,000 km; 22,000 mi). old ice inclusions. mum speed of 17.5 knots (32.4 km/h; For manoeuvring and dynamic posi- However, her propulsion system is 20.1 mph) in open water and ability to tioning, the vessel has four 1,580 kW rated for Polar Class 5 which is in- break up to 1-metre (3.3 ft) thick level (2,120 hp) Tees White Gill thrusters, tended for medium fi rst-year ice. New port design partner chosen by Falklands THE Falkland Islands Government in designing a new facility that can to the Falkland Islands. It is our (FIG) has selected a development handle both our current needs, and collective ambition that this project partner to design and build a new port our projected future demands.” suits the needs of everyday life on the in Stanley Harbour. Development and Commercial islands and can provide longer-term After an extensive global Services portfolio holder, MLA Dr economic benefi ts.” procurement process, the Falklands Barry Elsby, said there have been Tenderers were asked to review the Government announce that it has studies and reports into future port most suitable location for a new port agreed BAM Nuttall Ltd as its options over the past 20 years. and propose their location as part of development partner, subject to “I am therefore delighted that this their tender returns. The new facility successful conclusion of contract. The Assembly has taken the decision to will be in the vicinity of the current port, aim is for the contract to be agreed build the new port, and so deliver on off ering new facilities that will benefi t and signed by the end of March 2020. the commitment in the Islands Plan.” key users in the fi shing, tourism and FIG Chief Executive Barry Rowland Martin Bellamy, Managing Director shipping sectors, as well as many said a new port is an indispensable of BAM Nuttall Ltd said: “We are other parts of the economy. asset to support the economy and excited to be part of such a critical Early contractor involvement enable ongoing future economic national infrastructure project for the will allow designs to be developed growth in the Falkland Islands. Falkland Islands and we look forward collaboratively from the outset, “As is well known, the existing to working together with the Falkland involving the contractor from an early FIPASS [fl oating dock] facility is Islands Government and our team in stage in seeking the best solutions to fast approaching the end of its life. designing and constructing the port meet current and future demand. Today’s exciting news is the fi rst step that will serve as a new gateway 4 PPeopleeople Falklands men honoured by the Queen GRAHAM Minto, Zachary Stephen- son, and Michael “Tex” Alazia were presented with the Queen’s Cer- tiÞ cate and Badge of Honour by His Excellency the Governor, Mr Nigel Phillips last year. Mr Alazia was also awarded a BEM in Her Majesty the Queen’s New Year’s Honours list. In presenting the Queen’s badge to Mr Minto and Mr Stephenson the Gov- ernor made reference to the “selfless bravery you both showed in March 1998 when you saved the life of jigger crewmen ... It is your professionalism and dedication to duty that we recog- nise today.” Likewise, as he presented the badge to Mr Alazia, the Governor highlighted “the contributions you have given, and continue to give, to the commu- nity. Indeed, from numerous charita- ble sponsored walks, shearathons, to assisting fellow farmers, one attribute amongst many stands out: your will- ingness to help others.” Mr Alazia’s BEM was also for his Mr Minto and Mr Stephenson received the Queen’s Certifi cate and Medal dedication to his charity work. He as did Mr Alazia who was also honoured with the BEM at a later date takes time to provide support to those overseas with serious medical condi- jumped from a ship. said he had to “roughly guess” where tions and also when they return. They saw two bodies in the water the second person was, as by that In relation to the jigger (Þ shing ves- and Þ rst went to the one who they time he had disappeared under the sel) crewmen rescue Mr Stephenson thought was in the worse condition. water. and Mr Minto described how they They lifted him aboard the launch, “We got lucky,” he said, and after had been out in their work launch on before going to the aid of the second Mr Minto lifted him to the surface with the day in question when they got a one. a boat hook, they both hauled him call telling them that some crew had Mr Stephenson, who had the wheel, aboard the launch. Argentine pressures Falklands youths represent Falklands sports team at Brazil tournament Islands at Commonwealth FALKLANDS badminton players found themselves the subject of a Parliamentary Association political row at the Pan Am Cup in Brazil in mid February. TWO Falklands youths represented After arriving in Salvador de Bahia the Falkland Islands at the in Brazil the Falklands women’s team Commonwealth Youth Parliament of seven faced signifi cant pressure (CYP) in India in November 2019. from Argentina to play under the name Emmaleigh Middleton and Thomas Islas Malvinas or pull out. Short joined other youths in Delhi Chair and Coach Doug Clark met from around the Commonwealth. with the Badminton Pan Am President As part of the programme they and the tournament organisers and visted the Delhi Assembly, where they informed them they, “would not give learnt about the role of legislatures in to bullies” and not withdraw or play and legislators, at the formal opening under the Pan Am fl ag as suggested of the CYP. as a compromise. At the 10th CYP they had the Argentina put pressure on Brazil opportunity to choose their party to pull the entire tournament if the systems to debate on The Climate Falklands team did not give in to their Fund for Women Bill, 2019. demands. This was an Act to set up a climate The President of Pan Am Sports fund for women ‘to mitigate the fl ew in to Salvador to help deal with adverse impact of climate change the situation. The BWF (Badminton and adapt to climate change in order World Federation) and Badminton to empower them for resilience and Pan Am were described as “standing adjustment against unfavourable and strong” with the Falklands. hostile impacts of climate change on Ultimately the team did get to play agriculture’. as planned under their own name. 5 Environment SAERI exporting Falklands A LITTLE over two years on from its separation from the Falkland Islands Government, the South Atlantic Environment Research Institute, SAERI, continues to thrive. Executive Director, Dr Paul Brickle, and one of its Deputy Directors, Tara Pelembe, talk about the institute’s achievements and its vision for the future. THE geographic and thematic breadth of SAERI’s scientifi c research and projects is nothing short of staggering. Covering every environmental science discipline and ranging from South Georgia to the Caribbean, SAERI’s sphere of infl uence and reputation has, to use a scientifi c cliché, grown exponentially since its inception in 2012. SAERI’s project portfolio may well be broad, but Executive Director Dr Paul Brickle is clear about its remit: “We are a science organisation, not a conservation organisation.” The diff erence is crucial, says Paul. It means that SAERI does not lobby or advocate for specifi c policies, but Above: Kelp forests: subjects of SAERI research projects (pics SAERI rather provides objective science and and SMSG) data, which industry or governments can then use to make management alone, the Institute has shone: which should not be underestimated, or policy decisions. Nor is SAERI “We’re increasing about 15-20% she says, pointing out the signifi cance an NGO, Paul stresses, but an each year. We got 26 out the year of a population of 3000 “developing independent research organisation. before last, which is pretty good for innovative, niche solutions and Science and independent research a small organization, and in some exporting them to other islands.” have been at the heart of the SAERI quite punchy journals: Proceeding of Being a small island is a key project since its birth. Originally the National Academy for Sciences, common denominator, certainly, but established by Government in 2012, Nature, Science & Nature Reports. Tara argues that SAERI’s experience in 2017 SAERI went on to become an If we went on to the equivalent of the of working in resource-constrained independent organisation registered UK Research Excellence Framework territories has also been a major both in the Falklands and with the we’d be up there, which is quite nice,” selling point for projects in countries Charities Commission in England. he adds. like Namibia. A common thread in From the original three founding The growth and success of SAERI many of SAERI’s projects, says Tara, board members, the board has now has at times been hard to keep up is “we have to work within resource grown to seven members across with, Paul admits, and on some three limitations.” a number of disciplines: science, occasions the Institute has reached Using open licence software, for governance, and industry. The board what he describes as “saturation example, is a key aspect in SAERI’s membership refl ects the Institute’s point.” data management model, which has balance of academia, ‘blue-sky’ On two of those previous occasions, been exported across the South science, and applied science. the bottleneck has been relieved Atlantic and Caribbean. “In the long Academic research and education by appointing deputy directors. The term there can be continuity and you are a key part of SAERI’s mission, Institute now fi nds itself at saturation can encourage a wide number of and at present there are seven PhD point once again, and is currently users because you’re not tied down to candidates (soon to be eight) on the recruiting for a Deputy Director of licensed software at high costs,” says Institute’s books. Those candidates Science. Tara. are based in the Falklands or Perhaps the biggest success story “And we’re isolated too,” adds elsewhere, with one of the many in SAERI’s vertiginous growth is Paul, “We fi nd solutions to operating university partnerships that SAERI that of its international expansion. In in isolated places ... There’s lots of has sealed over the last seven years. addition to its many projects across forward planning and simple solutions PhD students are important to the South Atlantic, SAERI is carrying rather than convoluted fi rst world SAERI’s work, says Paul: “They out projects in Montserrat, Turks & solutions.” go on to be great ambassadors for Caicos, Anguilla, and Namibia. Some of that knowledge and SAERI and also they do science; they “Our reach has grown quite a bit, experience has been exported through produce quite a lot of science in a and our reputation as well, so we’re SAERI’s separate limited company, short space of time.” getting lots of organisations wanting which provides environmental Science output, measured in peer- to get us involved in other places,” consultancy to governments and reviewed paper publications, is an says Paul. industries such as fi sheries, fi sh important metric for measuring the “It’s an export really,” adds Deputy farming and oil. The limited company Institute’s success. By that metric Director Tara Pelembe. And one provides a source of unrestricted 6 Environment scientifi c expertise By Roddy Cordeiro

Above: The Falklands fritillary. Above right: Executive Director, Dr Paul Brickle income for SAERI through donations types. and gift aid, and part of the wider plan Another project may have found a to become completely self-suffi cient, solution to ensure more consistent “the idea is that once [the limited success in tussac replanting. It’s company] grows suffi ciently it will still early days and subject to tests off set the small amount of subvention and trials, but “if it works this could we get from Government.” be exported right across the sub- Commercial consultancy aside, Antarctic.” much of the science carried out by In addition to exporting science, SAERI stems from not just academic SAERI has become a focal point for research, but real-world applications: visiting scientists, providing logistical “We always tackle a particular support and local know-how. problem if we can and align ourselves Those scientists bring money into to whatever the territory’s priorities the Islands, and together with the are,” says Paul. admits Paul, who maintains that there export of knowledge and the grants To ensure projects retain that are tools that could be developed made for SAERI projects, it all adds up applied focus, they are delivered for farmers to use. Tools that could to a signifi cant fi nancial contribution through project management groups provide information on temporal to the economy. The full extent of that bring together stakeholders variations in productivity of the camp, that contribution is the subject of an from industry and government. That or erosion risk, for example. ongoing piece of work, but in grants inclusion is all the more important Applied or otherwise, SAERI’s many alone, SAERI was able to multiply its where economic issues are at stake, projects are often on the leading government subvention by a factor of “you need evidence, and you need edge of scientifi c research: “At least 17 during the last fi nancial year. consultation to do these things,” Paul once or twice a year we come across But there is symbolic value too, stresses. something that’s groundbreaking,” says Tara. Part of the longer term As part of the drive to ensure says Paul. vision is to make the South Atlantic a science is applied, the Institute is One project, for example, is looking focal point for science, “to encourage increasingly looking at how Earth to use a system of cataloguing and a science profi le for the region, observation tools can be developed processing histology (human tissue) giving a platform for the scientists to support agriculture, “we don’t know images to process environmental on our Islands, but also bringing the much about farm management,” images and identify diff erent habitat international science network here.”

South Georgia - part of coastal mapping project

7 Tourism

The Sao Paulo fl ight lands - Picture: Cpl Andrew Ferguson, BFSAI Photographer Fifteen years in the making ‘Second fl ight’ touches down THE inaugural second airlink between the Falklands and South America, in this case from São Paulo, Brazil, touched down at Mount Pleasant Airport on November 20, 2019. Operated by LATAM Airlines, which also operates the link to Santiago Chile, the aircraft carried regular passengers plus a government and trade delegation from the Falklands, which flew to Brazil on the Saturday prior to the flight. Also on board were journalists from the UK, Brazil, the Falklands and Argentina. The delegation included Members of Legislative Assembly, civil service heads and private sector representatives. The group met trade ofÞ cials and local business leaders in the hope of identifying opportunities for trade and Above and below - members of promoting the Falklands. government leave and board the Chief Executive Barry Rowland plane assured that the businesses with visit, “there would be a framework and whom the delegation met would they will get the best out of their visit.” “follow through.” Members of the delegation spent Mr Rowland was asked if any time with the British consulate in Sao organisations had shown concern in Paulo learning how trade worked in relation to the Falklands and Argentina. Brazil as well as with Brazilian tour He replied: “The geopolitics of the operators. region ... was not raised once by Former manager of the Falkland the businesses that I spoke to and Islands Development Corporation isn’t something that would appear to Martin Slater, who has been heavily fetter the opportunity for trade. Brazil involved in the lead up to the flight, is a conÞ dent nation; it’s certainly said it was still very early days, “but I identiÞ ed the opportunities and can think that once people see the service see the opportunities very early on, start they will really start to make those the service between Mount Pleasant and I can say with some conÞ dence investments in tourism and industries and São Paulo; three of the return that these organisations will follow that could beneÞ t from it [the flight].” flights will be non-stop and once a through.” He said of course it had so far been month there will be a stop in Cordoba, He also anticipated that in the new difÞ cult to do business with Brazil Argentina on the southbound and Þ nancial year when things weren’t because of the difÞ culty of getting northbound service respectively. so busy, there would be a trade there but obviously this would now The service will allow passengers to delegation of Falklands businesses, change. make onward connections to multiple but he said the recent delegation With four return trips a month, destinations in South and North allowed that when those people did LATAM Airlines Brazil will operate America, Europe, Africa and Asia.

8 Tourism

Above: Andy Pollard describes his perfect tour guide. Above right: Julie Sloane talks government’s role World tourism day in

theWORLD Tourism Day South was recognised Falkland Islands AtlanticTours and Travel. so we could bring everybody together with boatloads of enthusiasm in Presentations were also given by to meet people, advertise what October with 30 industry members Sulivan Shipping Tourism Assistant vacancies they have, and sometimes turning up to the event at the Jetty Ariane Brownlee on fi nishing it’s just easier to approach if you are in Centre. university and moving into tourism a group like this.” Organised by Falkland Islands and Falklands Nature’s Andy Pollard In order to promote tourism to all Tourism Association Chair Carli who talked about a change of career ages, “we got younger people like Sudder of Sulivan Shipping Services, and taking up tourism later in life. Ariane and Tonisha to talk about how the day was themed ‘tourism and jobs Louise Taylor headed a workshop on they had gone through university and a better future for all’. the tour guide course and Tourism and got into the industry, and we had The lively few hours included talks Development Specialist Julie Sloan Andrew Pollard as an older generation by youngsters Tonisha Courtney gave an update on the Tourism who did a career change and came and Dwight Joshua. Tonisha is on Development Strategy. into it. And for people who are new to her university placement year with Speaking to Penguin News Carli the Falklands, they can see that they Malvina House Hotel. She is studying Sudder explained: “The Tourism can come in to tourism; it’s an open Hotel, Resort and Event Management Association recognises that the labour industry that needs workers.” at Gloucester University. Dwight has force is an issue for everybody in just fi nished college and has joined tourism and the event was organised Below: Nick Roberts talks tour guides and Dwight Joshua chats Falklands fi shing industry

9 Agriculture Falklands Landholdings custodian of farming and environmental heritage IN 1991 the Falkland Islands Government made the decision to purchase four large farms from the Falkland Islands Company. The farms being Fitzroy; Goose Green; Walker Creek and North Arm. The purchase was made as a demonstration of the Government’s commitment to agriculture and as a show of faith in the ability of the people of the Falkland Islands to self- manage the progress of agriculture into the future. The four farms making up Falkland Goose Green Farm - a Falklands Landholdings farm Landholdings Corporation (FLH) total almost 300,000 hectares of land and kilograms of 30-micron wool destined 2600 bales (each 200kg in weight) of represent about 25% of the total for production into heavier outer wear high specifi cation wool for sale. farming area of the Falkland Islands. garments and blankets) to animals FLH supplies about 30,000 sheep to FLH was established as a statutory capable of producing 4 kilograms of the Falkland Islands Meat Company organisation in 2008 to manage 18-22-micron wool. The fi ner wool (FIMCo) each year. agricultural activity on the farms. is now made into high quality, high Quality Falkland Islands lamb and Today FLH carries out operations on fashion products . sheep meat products are sold to the the farms with some 145,000 sheep The fi ner wool of sheep at FLH today United Kingdom as well as to markets and 500 head of cattle being the is sold to discerning buyers all around in Europe and elsewhere. main agricultural businesses. Farms the world and is now a wool product of In addition to the supply of lamb are managed in four settlements fi rst choice for many buyers. and sheep meat to FIMCo FLH runs a with accommodation, machinery Falkland Islands wool is keenly herd of very high-quality Angus cattle. workshops, shearing and sheep sought due to the high animal welfare It is suggested that the beef produced handling facilities, schools and small standards practised in the Falklands on FLH farms (and many other shops. FLH has 32 fulltime employees and the country’s reputation for Falkland Islands farms for that matter) and occasionally seasonal workers. producing wool of truly exceptional is equal to the best pasture fi nished In addition to sheep and wool and whiteness, lustre and handle. beef in the world. It is unfortunate for beef cattle operations FLH also The absence of such practises as the world that numbers of animals are operates several sites for tourism and mulesing* and the complete absence quite low, so all of this beautiful beef is fi shing with Gentoo Penguins and of use of external pesticides also adds consumed within the Falkland Islands! Elephant Seal being the main tourism to the desirability of Falkland Islands The world is becoming increasingly attractions. Beautiful sea trout (sea wool. aware of the natural beauty of the running brown trout) are plentiful in Falkland Islands wool is produced Falkland Islands and the wildlife and many of the coastal streams and rivers under a low input farming system and plant species present. on FLH land and as such competition as a result, naturally has very low FLH is proud to be able to off er to fi sh is often fi erce. A catch and levels of impurities. residents and visitors alike the chance release policy is encouraged. Wool production from FLH and to see much of this beauty up close. Sheep and wool production within indeed most Falkland Islands farms, Gentoo penguins, the occasional King FLH has changed quite markedly is sold with the full compliment of penguin, the largest Elephant seal over the last 20 or so years with the core test and additional measurement colony on the mainland and a wide historically robust Romney Marsh results. range of bird species can be found types being replaced by Corriedale Sampling for International Wool at sites. In addition, a rich diversity and Polwarth animals and more Textile Organisation recognised of plant life unique to the Falkland latterly by merino sheep. certifi cation is overseen by the Islands is also present. Economic necessity has driven Department of Agriculture with Sites such as the internationally change. The often cold and windswept samples tested in New Zealand. recognised wetland area at Berthas environment of the Falkland Islands, Sheep at FLH are shorn over the Beach is one such place where people whilst stunningly beautiful to those southern summer months by highly can experience all of this unspoilt who call the country home (and professional shearers and processed natural richness. for most who visit) does present by skilled wool handlers. Wool FLH is a proud custodian of the challenges. classing is carried out by fully trained farming and environmental heritage Sheep and wool production in the and experienced wool classers with of the Falkland Islands. Obviously, we Falkland Islands is based around wool uniform lines of wool presented for might be a little biased, but we think production with surplus animals being sale from September to march each that the Falkland Islands is quite a sold to a small EU approved abattoir year. unique place in the world. If you get at Sand Bay for export. It is normal practice at FLH for the chance, why not come on down In order to maintain productivity and sheep to be shorn on a sex and and check us out. profi tability FLH has slowly transitioned age basis which greatly aids in the Neil Judd sheep and wool production from production of large lines of wool of * Mulesing is the removal of strips the broad woolled types run in the great uniformity. In a typical season of wool-bearing skin from around Islands for much of the last 100 years FLH farms will shear some 145,000 the breech of a sheep to prevent the (with each sheep producing some 4 sheep and will produce approximately parasitic infection fl ystrike. 10 AAgriculturegriculture

Before and after pictures of the Atlantic harvest plot at Horseshoe Bay Atlantic Harvest sets second-year challenges AS Atlantic Harvest entered its on the hardier crops, Jeremy has planning, however, is fi nding land to second summer of production been pleasantly surprised by how well buy. His current plot is leased, but to in January Falklands journalist some of the more delicate plants have invest the time and eff ort required to Roddy Cordeiro caught up with done in the shelter, “I’ve already had a grow a shelter belt of trees, he would owner Jeremy Poncet to talk about huge harvest of Chinese cabbage and need the security of ownership. some of the challenges of growing pak choi, those kind of things that I’d For now, the wind remains the vegetables commercially in the written off growing outside.” biggest immediate challenge, Falklands and his future plans for Jeremy has also turned to local however, “no matter how well you try the company. gardening tradition and expertise, and protect something, the elements sowing two varieties of crops that always work their way in.” THE weather has not been kind for have been locally harvested over Nevertheless, Jeremy is confi dent growing vegetables this summer, many years, and which have adapted that there is plenty of scope for admits Jeremy, “it’s been a tough accordingly. growth, not least in order to reduce season, so cold ... I sowed all One is the Clarke Swede, although the staggering amount of produce that my carrots in the second week of Jeremy admits that the name could is imported. November, but I had to redo them all be a bit of a misnomer, as it was Tony Jeremy also believes that the because only half of them came up, Carey who kept it going for many operation can one day be completely the ground was so cold.” years. self-sustainable, rather than relying Last week’s storm didn’t help The other is a perennial cabbage, on imported fertilizers. “We can do it, matters either: “The fence held, lent which Jeremy describes as a “really we’ve got plenty of kelp on the beach, over a lot more than it should have unusual one ... It literally grows like a calcifi ed seaweed, we can defi nitely done, but it held… bush, two metres high, and you get do it. It’s just fi nding the time and the “The trouble is the salt ended up cabbages almost every day of the resource.” frying a lot of stuff out there. We’re year off it.” It’s not only vegetables he is very close to the sea. The issue we For the moment, Jeremy’s goal is to focusing on, he has also turned to never had last year is that the gales have produce available throughout the native plants to diversify the business. never went on long enough to build up year. He maintains that with careful He has thousands of tussac plants surf, this year we actually had waves planning, successional sowings, growing from seed, and has had a breaking over the plot.” and the right choice of crops, it’s a number of orders already, including These challenges notwithstanding, perfectly achievable goal. planting up the roof of the new Gypsy things are looking suitably verdant for To that end, he has set himself Cove toilet block with tussac. Atlantic Harvest. When he established a challenge: he is supplying six In any event, it’s early days, he the company two years ago, Jeremy customers with a weekly box of admits. Despite beginning the decided to start small: a quarter acre vegetables. “It’s just a trial basis, just business with a wealth of horticultural with a three metre shelter around to see if I can have enough going expertise (he was Head Gardener its perimeter. The fi rst year proved throughout every week of the year. at Government House previously), a success, and he expanded to a “I’ve managed to provide a few Jeremy says that it has been a full acre (based at Horseshoe Bay bits, but again, with the delicate stuff learning curve. “It’s tricky. I’m fi nding Farm on East Falklands) and two getting burnt off in that gale, I didn’t out why a lot of people haven’t been polytunnels in Stanley. have much to give them this week. It’s successful before, especially when Now Jeremy estimates that he has still early.” it’s all privately funded ... It’s a huge 6,500 cabbages and caulifl owers Jeremy also has his sights set on amount of eff ort and material and growing, seven diff erent varieties of the long-term and hopes one day to money to invest in something that kale and “lots and lots of potatoes.” establish a small-scale farm in Camp. could literally blow away.” Although he has focused his eff orts The biggest obstacle to long-term 11 Fishery An outstanding fi shery Verónica Iriarte & Alexander increase in seal interactions with the animals around each vessel. Arkhipkin, Falkland Islands squid fi shing fl eet were observed, Actions taken Fisheries Department with a dramatic increase in fur seal Various measures to prevent INCIDENTAL capture during mortality occurring at the start of the incidental mortalities were applied commercial fi shing operations is second fi shing season in 2017. (i.e. shoot on the turn; haul with the one of the biggest threats to marine The problem mouth of the net closed; steam 1-2 nm mammals, causing cumulative Prior to the start of the 2017 second at high speed before next shooting), impacts due to bycatch stress, prey fi shing season, while the Fisheries which did not prove eff ective. competition, decreasing reproductive Department was carrying out the To prevent further incidental success, reducing survival, and Loligo pre-recruitment survey, a high mortalities, a temporary fi shing causing direct mortality. presence of fur seals and subsequent exclusion zone was introduced around In the Southwest Atlantic, the mortalities were documented. Beauchêne Island (Fig.1). Over seals that mostly interact with fi shing Increased numbers of fur seals the coming days, interactions were operations are the South American fur were recorded in areas of high carefully monitored by the Fisheries seal and the South American sea lion. squid density to the south-southwest Department, however seal mortalities Depredation from fi shing gear and of Beauchêne Island (Fig.1). The continued to increase from the rest of incidental mortality occurs throughout interactions observed included the fi shing area, with 90 mortalities their distribution range (from southern individuals following vessels during reached in 10 days after the start of Brazil to Peru), involving coastal, trawling; approaching vessels during the fi shing season. off shore, artisanal and commercial manoeuvres (shooting and hauling); This led to a temporary closure of fi sheries which operate a variety of scavenging from the net; scavenging the whole productive fi shing grounds fi shing gear: gillnets, bottom and mid- from the discard chute; bycatch of live south of 52º30’S (Fig.1), where the water trawls, longlines and fi sh farm individuals during hauling, as well as average daily catch per vessel was protection nets. incidental mortalities (Fig. 2). These around 65 t. In the Falkland Islands, fur seals mortalities occurred most probably The closure of the southern and sea lions spatially overlap and during interactions while shooting or fi shing area impacted the yield of interact with bottom-trawl fi shing. trawling. Within the “Loligo Box”, to squid trawlers, as north of 52º30’S Historical records show that seal- the north of 52°S most interactions the average daily catch per vessel trawler interactions in the Loligo involved sea lions, while to the south was only 10-15 t. At this stage and squid fi shery had been uncommon. of 52°S fur seals were predominant, in partnership with industry, it was However, since 2015 a steady with abundance up to several hundred decided to carry out urgent trials of

Above: Fig.2. Seal exclusion device. Diagrams indicate location of the SED net extension in the trawl net and the Above: Fig.1. The map shows the Loligo squid fi shing area presence of either an internal high speed (Loligo Box), the location of squid masses at the beginning of funnel (A) or a small mesh panel (B). A the 2017 2nd fi shing season, the temporary seal exclusion zone seal inside the trawl net escapes through established around Beauchêne Island, and the total closure of the hatch whilst the squid enters the cod- the fi shing grounds south of 52°30’ S. end (C). Diagrams not drawn to scale. 12 Fishery for seal conservation modifi ed fi shing gear to keep the implementation in the whole fi shing usage of SEDs and full observer fi shery going. Fishing gear trials: the area on 29 August (Fig.3). After coverage. This specifi c observer seal exclusion device (SED). SEDs became mandatory, six fur seal program to monitor seal interactions The SED proved to be the most mortalities were documented, with is funded in partnership by FIG and effi cient fi shing gear modifi cation, a total of 225 seal live releases/live the fi shing industry. The usage of allowing both productive Loligo squid SED escapees recorded (Fig.3). It is SEDs is triggered each season after yields and the safe escape of seals. important to emphasize that these live two seal mortalities encountered SEDs trialled consisted of a net individuals reported corresponded during fi shing of the whole fl eet. The tunnel-like extension fi tted between only to observations made during Falkland Islands Loligo squid fi shery the trawl and cod-end (Fig.2). hauling (Fig.4). is currently the only trawl fi shery Within this net extension a solid The number of live escapees in the Southwest Atlantic with full physical barrier (grid) prevented seals during shooting and trawling remains observer coverage and SED usage. -which had already entered the trawl- unknown; however the analysis of It is hoped in the near future similar entering the cod-end, re-directing opportunistic underwater footage mitigation measures extend to other them instead to an open hatch located confi rmed that following SED coastal countries whose fi sheries also at the top of the grid (Fig. 2). implementation fur seals were actively interact with these marine mammals. In order to direct the water fl ow entering the net during shooting and Acknowledgments towards the grid, SEDs were fi tted safely escaping through the SED To all captains, engineers and crew either with a high speed funnel (Fig.5). of the fl eet for giving their best to (Fig.2A) or a small mesh panel The sudden increase of seal build, implement and improve SEDs (Fig.2B). The SEDs tested and abundance in the squid fi shing in order to mitigate seal mortalities. herein used in commercial trawls area since the second season 2017 Special thanks to all the observers amongst the fl eet were designed and in our opinion, is the presence of that have monitored seal interactions. constructed aboard the vessels. dense aggregations of squid in that Alex Blake produced the map. We SED implementation in the area. Most probably, the seals were are indebted to John Barton, former fi shery attracted by this prey resource, and Director of Natural Resources, SEDs became mandatory south of obviously interacted more often with for supporting the seal bycatch 52o30’S on 20 August 2017, 23 days fi shing vessels and gears. However, mitigation program. We also thank after the start of the second fi shing since August 2017, negligible seal the LPG (Loligo Producers Group) for season (Fig.3). During this season, mortality levels have been maintained contributing to the sustainability of the 143 mortalities were reported (132 fur in the squid fi shery through the fi shery. seals, 10 sea lions, 1 unknown), of which 137 occurred before the SED

Above: Fig.4. South American sea lion. Adult male escaping through the SED hatch during a haul. Photo: Hugo Dias. Below: Fig.5. South American fur seal escaping through the SED during a shoot. Image extracted from underwater footage. Above: Fig.3. Daily and accumulated seal bycatch within the 2017 Loligo squid second fi shing season. After SED implementation in the “Loligo Box”, the number of accumulated live seals lineally increased (top). Daily mortalities abruptly diminished after closure of the southern fi shing grounds on 10 August (bottom), however seal mortalities continued in the north. After SED implementation in the whole fi shing area on 29 August only six mortalities occurred, with accumulated mortalities arriving to a plateau. 13 Advertising

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14 Commonwealth

Women of the Commonwealth Parliamentary Association and Department of Agriculture and farm hosts Gilberto Castro and Suzi Clarke (centre front) at Falklands Landholdings Fitzroy Farm shearing shed - pic FIG Commonwealth Parliamentary Association Women’s Conference hosted by Falklands THE Commonwealth Parliamentary Welsh Assembly) former Member of to get to know more about the Association (CPA) Women’s Legislative Assembly Phyllis Rendell Falklands itself with a visit to Fitzroy Conference, hosted by the Falkland and Editor of Penguin News Lisa Farm on Wednesday hosted by Islands, was opened by Deputy Watson. Gilberto Castro and Suzi Clarke. Speaker of the House Hon Claudette The combatting stereotypes theme The delegates were accompanied Prior MBE on Tuesday, January 18. was chosen because women can by the women of the Department Delegates from around the world face bias along multiple identity of Agriculture and the group were arrived the Saturday before on Latam dimensions including gender, race, able to view female shearer Michelle and also late on Monday on the disability, sexual orientation, gender Amor shear sheep. The group were airbridge. Eminent members of the identity and age and it is felt by the described as enthusiastic and hands- CPA fl ew in from Cyprus, Gibraltar, CPA that eff orts should be focused on and also enjoyed an Asado lunch Guernsey, Jersey, Malta, Scotland, St on how to recognise and work to with attendees from the farming Helena, England and Wales. overcome conditioned stereotypes. community. At the plenary meetings held in the A theme that came out of the They later attended a small service HarbourLights Cinema nine speakers speeches was that Falkland Islands of Remembrance at the Welsh Guard were from the Falkland Islands and women were traditionally strong and Memorial conducted by Reverend one from the visiting delegation. enterprising and already breaking Canon Kathy Biles. The fi rst plenary chaired by stereotypes. It was felt that because On Thursday they were scheduled Hon Samantha Sacramento MP of the requirement for women to work to visit a CPA Roadshow at the comprised speeches from Statute Law either on the newly subdivided farms Falkland Islands Community School. Commissioner Ros Cheek, Corporate or in a town desperate for human Also on the schedule was a session Paralegal Krysteen Ormond and resources, they did not face the same entitled Mentoring of Women in Public Accounts Committee Chair degree of bias that might occur in other Parliament by the Hon Samantha and farmer Nadia Knight. All three countries in terms of employment. Sacramento MP along with speakers spoke on the subject of 'Combatting However, the large pay gap was Roberta Blackman-Wood and Patricia Stereotypes in Small Communities' evidence the Falklands are not as Ferguson. and were very well received and equal as they might be and that The delegates comprised: Eleni diverse in style. there are many ‘top posts’ that have Mavrou MP (Cyprus), Dr Eleni One delegate later commented that never had a female in situ and it was Theocharous former MEP (Cyprus) the speeches not only intelligently questioned why this was the case. Hon Samantha Sacramento MP probed the subject but also taught It is also a fact that the Legislature (Gibraltar) Deputy Rhian Tooley them a great deal about the Falklands. has never had more than three (Guernsey), Deputy Michelle Le As the conference moved on, women at any one time. Presently Clerc (Guernsey), Ms Christine presentations were also given by there are only two. Approaches to Foster (Guernsey), Connetable Sadie Director of Natural Resources Dr bringing change to this situation were Rennard (Jersey), Connetable Karen Andrea Clausen, Fire Fighter Vicky examined in terms of both nurturing Shenton-Stone (Jersey), Lisa Hart Collier and Community School the self-confi dence to stand as a (Jersey), Hon Claudette Buttigieg Principal Christina Watson, on candidate and the usefulness of MP (Malta), Hon Roderick Galdes Combatting Stereotypes and Building positive action. MP (Malta) Dr Stephanie Bonello Roles in Small Communities in a Among many other positive (Malta), Margaret Mitchell MSP session chaired by MLA Leona comments made about the sessions (Scotland), Hon Christine Scipio Roberts. that drew non-stop questions and MLC (St Helena), Rt Hon Maria Miller Finally, on the subject of statements from the audience MP (United Kingdom), Meg Hillier ‘Encouraging Women to Stand for afterwards one delegate said it MP (UK) Joyce Watson AM (Wales) Public Offi ce’, Chaired by MLA Teslyn was “the most engaging” women’s Rhianon Passmore AM (Wales). Barkman, speeches were given by conference she had attended. CPA staff were Jon Davies, Helen The Hon Joyce Watson AM (from the The visitors also had the opportunity Haywood and Seyi Afolabi. 15 HHistoryistory Falklands celebrates 175th anniversary of historic move from Port Louis to Stanley THE sun shone on the 175th enjoyed music food and fun in the Ross and construction of the new anniversary celebrations of the move museum courtyard. settlement started in July 1843. of the Falklands capital from Port History In July 1845, at Governor Moody’s Louis to Stanley on Sunday February In 1842, Governor Moody was suggestion, the new capital of the 6. instructed by Lord Stanley the British islands was offi cially named Port Horse riders, 4x4 vehicles (more Secretary of State for War and the Stanley after Lord Stanley. than 50) tractors, motorcycles and Colonies to report on the potential of The structure of the Colonial quad bikes, walkers, runners and the Port William area as the site of the Government was established in 1845 sailing vessels made their way from new capital. with the formation of the Legislative Port Louis or Long Island Farm all the Moody assigned the task of Council and Executive Council way to Stanley in honour of the day surveying the area to Captain Ross, and work on the construction of the capital was moved. leader of the Antarctic Expedition. Government House commenced. The day culminated in a parade of Captain Ross delivered his report The following year, the fi rst offi cers fl oats and those who made the journey in 1843, concluding that Port appointed to the Colonial Government to Stanley, making their way to the William aff orded a good deep-water took their posts; by this time a number Historic Dockyard Museum where the anchorage for naval vessels, and of residences, a large storage shed, fl ag was raised by elderly residents that the southern shores of Port carpenter’s shop and blacksmith’s Clara McKay and Bob Alazia. Jackson were a suitable location shop had been completed and the HE the Governor Nigel Phillips (who for the proposed settlement. Moody Government Dockyard laid out (now drove to Stanley with the vehicles) cut accepted the recommendation of the Historic Dockyard Museum). the anniversary cake. Everyone then The vehicle convoy on its journey to Stanley

16 History

The riders at the beginning of their long trek and one of 50 4x4s head for Stanley over Long Island Mountain

Above: The Seafi sh Chandlery fl oat. Inset: Walkers head for Stanley. Below: A vessel on its Local presence, international reach way to Stanley from Port Louis. Pinsent Masons is an international law firm with an office in Stanley. Our Falklands work covers the full range of practice areas and we are specialists in a range of sectors, including fishing, maritime, oil & gas and infrastructure. Alison Inglis / Stirling Harcus 45 John Street, Stanley T: +500 22690 E: offi[email protected] Gavin Farquhar / Isla Burns UK T: +44 (0)131 777 7368 E: [email protected] E: [email protected]

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17 History

SS Great Britain by A Gasson

An incredible journey: 50 years on FIFTY years ago, a remarkable and ambitious project commenced. After spending 33 years scuttled in Sparrow Cove off the Falkland Islands, the SS Great Britain set off on her fi nal voyage, travelling 8,000 miles back to her birthplace in Bristol. With the hull weakened by corrosion and structural strain, the 1970 endeavour really was the last chance to save the ship. 87 days after setting off from the Falkland Islands on an extraordinary journey, theSS Great Britain fl oated back into her original dry dock at the Great WesternDining by A Gasson Dockyard in Bristol. During this anniversary year, there April. The trail will highlight the Today, she is the centrepiece atwill be a spotlight on the Falkland salvage and homecoming story with the award-winning museum, Brunel’s Islands with an outdoor photography model penguins – kindly supported by SS Great Britain. 200,000 visitors aexhibition on Bristol’s harbourside Falkland Islands businesses – guiding year explore the cabins, re-imaginingin Brunel Square (from 1 April). the route. how the ship would have been Dramatic in photos of the salvage On the weekend of July 18-19, the 1840s and 1860s with realisticand homecoming will be displayed Bristol will be buzzing as the city’s sights, sounds and smells. Visitorsalongside an exhibition on Falkland annual Harbour Festival marks the head under a dramatic ‘glass sea’Islands life today, giving Bristolians SS Great Britain’s anniversary. On into the historic dry dock, where theyand visitors to Bristol a fl avour of the the Saturday night as darkness falls, experience the original iron hull upplace from where the SS Great Britain a spectacular light show will use close. And many choose to climb theset off on her remarkable homecoming projection onto special screens, water rigging with qualifi ed instructors forjourney 50 years ago. jets and sailing boats to celebrate the a sailor’s-eye-view of the deck and The SS Great Britain Trust – the homecoming story, and its powerful Bristol’s harbourside. charity that cares for the ship todaythemes of optimism and success The Falkland Islands fl ag fl ies– is delighted to be working with theagainst the odds, with the ship the alongside the SS Great Britain on the Falkland Islands Association and focal point. harbour, a reminder of the community Falkland Islands Government on the As we revisit and retell those which sheltered the ship for 84 years. exhibition as well as a series of otherextraordinary stories from 1970, the She put into Stanley for repairs in events including laying on smoko inrelationship with Falkland Islanders 1886, during a disastrous voyage the Harbourside Kitchen café. and their incredible support is clear, towards Cape Horn. In fact, she spent Family visitors will meet some ofand it’s an opportune time to celebrate longer in the Islands than any of the the Falkland Island’s most distinctive that spirit of friendship and shared other places she has been during her species as they follow a new trailhistory. eventful life. around the dockyard and ship from From theSS Great Britain Trust 18 History

A Seaking helicopter gifted to the museum and artist Ben Cockwell’s impression of the new hall £1.5 million target for museum Lookout Gallery and Exhibition Hall THE Falkland Islands Museum This new building will not just have Our aim is to open the museum and National Trust (FIMNT) owns exhibition space but will also house a on the June 14 2022, the 40th a large collection of artefacts yet modern storage facility. Anniversary of the Liberation of the unseen by the public. Sadly, the The current museum’s storage Falklands. objects don’t have a permanent facility does not meet the curatorial However, we will not be able to home and are scattered across standards required for a collection of achieve this if we do not raise the the Islands. A large percentage this calibre and signifi cance, because estimated £1.5 million it will take to of the smaller items are currently of this our artefacts are at risk of build. stored in cardboard boxes in a deterioration. We have already gained support rented property. The rest of the A new facility will mean we can from various groups which we are collection is in containers, sheds better care for our items at a proper very grateful for, however we are still and garages, all unsuitable homes standard, something right now we can a long way of reaching our target. for the history and heritage of the only dream of. A massive thank you to everyone Islands. The Lookout Gallery and Exhibition who has made a contribution already. Tasmin Tyrell takes up the story: Hall will also have a small gift shop, We are extremely grateful for every Our aim is to bring all of these items offi ce space, much needed storage donation, no matter how big or small. together under one roof in the Lookout space and a function room. Gallery and Exhibition Hall. If you would like to help with the museum’s fundraising eff orts, you can This new home will contain four donate either by writing a cheque to the Falkland Islands Museum & galleries. The main gallery will hold National Trust, transferring money to their SCB account (002001260000) our slightly larger artefacts such or to their Gibraltar account. Account name: Falkland Islands Museum as the Sea King helicopter, a Sea & National Trust Account number: 20001107 Sort Code: 60-83-14 Harrier, the cockpit of a Phantom, the Governor’s Taxi, Landrovers as well as a few other exciting items. There will be a gallery designed to tell the stories of the Task Force sent to liberate the Falklands in 1982, within this there will be a section dedicated to Post Traumatic Stress Disorder. Our gallery on farming and agriculture will feature a shearing platform complete with an antiquated wool press and other agricultural equipment. Lastly, a continuation of our “Isles of the Sea” gallery at the Historic Dockyard Museum, this will include larger sections of ships too big to house within the existing museum. This includes a beautifully preserved 21ft section of the ship Charles Cooper that is stored in a warehouse in Stanley. Once the Governor’s transport - a London taxi 19 History Historic Dockyard Museum celebrates the women of the Falkland Islands THE contribution of women to the development of the Falkland Islands has throughout history been largely ignored - until last year. While there have been sporadic mentions and the occasional book referring to the life and work of women in the Islands, the Historic Dockyard Museum exhibition which opened in October 2019 was the fi rst truly comprehensive examination of their mammoth, but often less glamorous, part in creating the modern Falklands. Of course there are thousands more than referred to in the exhibition who worked and sacrifi ced a great deal to move the Falklands forward, but the exhibition was heartening in that it paid tribute to their often overlooked but equal input. Tasmin Tyrrell and the museum should be congratulated for the service they have done the women of the Falklands with this project. Below: Contributors enjoy the exhibition Tasmin began the project in January 2019 and said it was occasionally diffi cult to get women to even talk of their achievements; some would sometimes begin instead to talk of their husbands’. Tasmin made it clear that for once, this was only about the women. Above right: Eileen Vidal utilised the Radio Telephone to support and care for the community. Below: Veterinary Practice Manager, Sarah Bowles enjoys the perks of her busy job

20 History

Above: Viewing their contributions: Gail Steen, Alison Barton, Karen Steen, Jane Chater, Fran Biggs Above: Museum curator Andrea Barlow and exhibition organiser Tasmin Tyrell Below: Actress Ellaline Terriss, Archivist Jane Cameron and farmer and Jockey Marion Betts

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21 HHistoryistory

Scharnhorst on the sea bed WW1 German Battlecruiser located off the Falklands THE wreck of SMS Scharnhorst was of 1610 metres. team on board Seabed Constructor located off the Falkland Islands last The Battle of the Falkland Islands conducted an act of remembrance at year the Falklands Maritime Heritage followed the Battle of Coronel, fought the site, commemorating all who died Trust has revealed. off the coast of Chile in November during the battle. The Scharnhorst, an armoured 1914, where Graf von Spee’s The fi lm production company TVT battlecruiser and the fl agship of fl eet overpowered the Royal Navy recorded the search from its inception Admiral Maximilian Graf von Spee’s and in which 1600 British sailors fi ve years ago and fi rst showings East Asia Squadron, was sunk on perished. A month later a British were given in the UK and the Falkland December 8, 1914 during the Battle of squadron under the command of Islands in December 2019. the Falkland Islands, a crucial naval Vice-Admiral Doveton Sturdee, Donald Lamont, Chairman of The battle in the early days of the First pursued, engaged and defeated Graf Falklands Maritime Heritage Trust, World War. von Spee’s squadron, comprising said at the time: “It is less than a This discovery is a major the Scharnhorst, Gneisenau, month since Remembrance Day, breakthrough in the quest to locate Nürnberg and Leipzig. The action when we commemorated the millions all of the ships that comprised the was particularly important because who died in the First World War and German squadron lost during the as a consequence of the battle, subsequent confl icts. One episode battle. the German East Asia Squadron, in that confl ict was the Battle of the The search began on the centenary Germany’s only permanent overseas Falklands in 1914. The search we of the battle in December 2014 naval formation, eff ectively ceased to organised had as its aim the locating but was initially unsuccessful. exist, bringing an end to commerce of all ships of the German squadron, Five years later, the mission was raiding by German warships. so that we may learn more about resumed using state of the art subsea The Scharnhorst, built in Hamburg the battle and commemorate all who search equipment. Working from in 1905, was the fi rst to be sunk, perished in it. The site of the wrecks the subsea search vessel, Seabed having sustained substantial damage can now be protected. Constructor, the search operation infl icted by HMS Invincible and HMS “The Battle of the Falklands is involved the deployment of four Infl exible. commemorated every year on Autonomous Underwater Vehicles Tragically 2,200 German sailors December 8 in the Falkland Islands. (AUVs), exploring a search box of died, including Graf von Spee himself Our aim is that the fi lm should approximately 4,500km² of seabed. and his two sons - Heinrich aboard be made available to the Historic Working methodically through the the Gneisenau, and Otto aboard the Dockyard Museum in Stanley, where designated search area, and using Nürnberg. it and accompanying information will equipment including side scan sonar The Falkland Maritime Heritage be available for Islanders and for the and a multi-beam echo-sounder, Trust is now seeking to have the thousands of visitors who come to the Scharnhorst was discovered on the site formerly protected in law. The Falkland Islands every year.” third day of the search 98 nautical wreck was not touched or in any way Search leader Mensun Bound, miles south east ofStanley at a depth disturbed during the operation. The said: “It is with mixed emotions that 22 HHistoryistory

Scharnhorst in her glory days we announce the discovery of SMS to explore and almost straight away Graf von Spee family, said: “Speaking Scharnhorst, the armoured German we were into a debris fi eld that said as one of the many families aff ected battlecruiser that was sunk during “battle”. Suddenly she just came out by the heavy casualties suff ered on the Battle of the Falkland Islands in of the gloom with great guns poking in December 8, 1914 at the Battle of 1914. After a search that began fi veevery direction. the Falkland Islands, the discovery of years ago, on the centenary of the “As a Falkland Islander and a SMS Scharnhorst is bittersweet. battle, we are very proud to be ablemarine archaeologist, a discovery of “We take comfort from the to shed further light on what was athis signifi cance is an unforgettable, knowledge that the fi nal resting place defi ning point in WWI, and therefore apoignant moment in my life. Our work of so many has been found, and can landmark moment in modern history. on this important project is not done. now be preserved, whilst also being “The moment of discovery was We will continue to assess the images reminded of the huge waste of life. extraordinary. We are often chasing that we have captured and, in time “As a family we lost a father and shadows on the seabed, but when the continue to search for the remainder his two sons on one day. Like the Scharnhorst fi rst appeared in the data of the fl eet, in order to provide greater thousands of other families who fl ow, there was no doubt that this wasunderstanding of the events of that suff ered unimaginable loss during the one of the German fl eet. You couldday, and to ensure the protection of First World War, we remember them even see the impact crater. We sent the site.” and must ensure that their sacrifi ce down an ROV [underwater vehicle] Wilhem Graf von Spee, head of the was not in vain.”

One of the cruiser’s guns

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24 Books New fi eld guide to Falklands plants IT is more than 50 years since David the 22 habitat types recognised in the Moore’s The Vascular Flora of the Falkland Islands. The guide is aimed Falkland Islands, the last in-depth at all those interested in learning more account of the Falklands’ fl ora, was about this fascinating fl ora. written, however a newly published Frin Ross, Falklands Conservations guide is now available. Habitat Offi cer, is overjoyed to get Field Guide to the Plants of the her hands on the book saying it had, Falkland Islands is well-illustrated “been eagerly anticipated across the with photographs, many of which are Falklands - it will enable all of us to thanks to the photographic skills of identify our plants, to understand local naturalists, writes Thomas Heller where they like to live, and how they of Botanic Gardens, Kew. respond to diff erent types of land Since David Moore’s book was management. It will be by my side for published Mr Heller says, “there has ecological restoration work. I’m sure been a step-change in the intensity it will help to grow our appreciation of recording plants,” through projects of native plants and ask anyone who funded from a variety of sources, spots endangered species (clearly including the UK Government’s labelled in the book), to consider Overseas Territories Environment letting us know where they are.” Programme and subsequent Darwin Alternatively they can upload a Plus programme, the Falkland Islands photo to www.inaturalist.org/projects/ Government, and the European falklands-native-plants. Frin added: Union. “Tom Heller has worked tirelessly to He explained that through the The fi eld guide make this book happen, I am sincerely eff orts of botanists, local naturalists grateful to him and the book’s other and volunteers, “our knowledge of Cyperaceae, Poaceae and brilliant authors [Rebecca Upson and the diversity and distribution of plants Orchidaceae. Richard Lewis] and contributors.” in the Falkland Islands has grown Individual species entries include This guide will be available from enormously. The list of plant species plant descriptions, distribution data, Falklands’ retailers, including recorded here, native and introduced, conservation status and other useful Falklands Conservation, and online, has grown signifi cantly, with even a notes and fi eld characters. There are and a book launch took place in species new to science described in also brief illustrated descriptions of Stanley in early December. 2013, Nassauvia falklandica, found only on these islands.” He adds: “Alongside this, the work of Visions of the Falkland Islands systematic botanists around the world has helped develop our understanding of the evolutionary relationships of many of these plants, resulting in changes to their classifi cation and nomenclature.” As such the comprehensive new fi eld guide has been published. Mr Heller said: “This authoritative guide is the product of many years of botanical surveying, observations and systematic research both in the Falkland Islands and in the herbarium at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.” A collaboration between Falklands Conservation and Kew, this guide brings together for the fi rst time descriptions of all the vascular plants, both native and non-native that have been recorded across the Falkland Islands during its rich botanical history, said Mr Heller The guide covers in detail the 181 vascular plants that have been described as native to the Islands as well as more than 250 widespread non-native plants, “highlighting those that have become invasive and pose a threat to native plants and habitats.” The guide is fully illustrated PHOTOGRAPHER and artist Julie Halliday’s stunning book ‘Visions with photographs to enable fi eld of the Falkland Islands’ was also released earlier this year. It is identifi cation. Keys to the major available in hard back coff ee-table size or a mini version - 220 pages groups of plants are included as well of inspired images of Falklands’ landscapes complemented by heartwarming detailed images. For more details check out as detailed keys for many families www.studio52.co.fk including Apiaceae, Asteraceae, 25 Remembrance

A solemn occasion at the Cross of Sacrifi ce We will remember them POSSIBLY the largest crowd ever and also passengers from a cruise HE the Governor, MLA Leona graced Ross Road beneath the Cross ship in the harbour. Roberts, Baroness Goldie, Minister of Sacrifi ce on Remembrance Sunday Representatives of the Army (the of State at the Ministry of Defence in November 2019. It was larger than Welsh Guards) Navy and Royal Air and the Commander British Forces usual due to many residents of Mount Force were marched to the Cross arrived prior to the service at which Pleasant Complex having been along with a detachment of the the roll of honour was read and then bussed to Stanley for the occasion, Falkland Islands Defence Force. wreaths laid.

THE FALKLAND ISLANDS ASSOCIATION

New Chair Person

The Falkland Islands Association (FIA) is dedicated to supporting the right of Falkland Islanders to decide their own future. It is a membership organisation and all its activities are carried out by unpaid volunteers based mainly in the UK. John Duncan OBE has now stepped down as Chair and the Association is actively searching for a replacement. We would welcome an approach from anyone who feels they may be appropriately qualifi ed. The main roles of the Chair are to represent the Association and to provide leadership and direction. For further information please contact Tym Marsh on honsec@fi association.com. There is more about the FIA at www.fi association.com. The Welsh Guards march to the cross 26 Remembrance

Clergy from all Falklands churches along with HE the Governor and Commander British Forces The Battle of the Falklands PARTICULARLY poignant in the light of the discovery of the shipwreck Scharnhorst, the naval Battle of the Falklands was commemorated, as always, on December 8 in the Falkland Islands. Scharnhorst was one of the German cruisers sunk by the British fl eet in the battle that ended the lives of six British sailors, with more dying later from their injuries and 2,260 German sailors. The loss of life was commemorated with a detachment of the Falkland Islands Defence Force marching to the monument where it is inspected by HE the Governor Nigel Phillips. This was followed by a service of remembrance and wreath laying. The parade is also attended by youth groups and the public.

The Falkland Islands Defence Force and members of the Beavers 27 FIA news Documentary Unforgotten asks FI Association for help THE Falkland Islands Association them during this time or who made a has been contacted by the producers signifi cant impact upon their lives. of a new television history series The team working on this project are with the working title of Unforgotten experienced in working with people (previously The Search), asking for who have been through traumatic our help in fi nding people who might events in their past and have a strong be interested in taking part. duty of care to the people they work Unforgotten is a documentary series with in research and fi lming. that will focus on the personal stories They have made a version of the of ordinary people who were caught programme in America for the past up in extraordinary events in modern two years and have managed to history. reunite long-lost Holocaust survivors, Each programme will follow refugees from war-torn countries, individuals on a journey of detection strangers who survived 9/11 together as they look for a long-lost friend, and soldiers who served in confl icts family member or signifi cant stranger such as Vietnam and Korea - https:// who helped them through this time www.pbs.org/meet-again/home/. and had a lasting impact on them. If you would like to take part in the For the fi rst series they would like documentary, please email Rosie to feature the stories of those who Potter on Rosie.Potter@blinkfi lmsuk. served in the Falklands Confl ict. They com or call her on +44 (0) 203 150 are looking to fi nd individuals who took and who might want to reunite with 0777. part in the liberation of the Islands someone who helped or supported

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28 Philately Land Rovers in the Falkland Islands THE original Land Rover concept was conceived by The Rover Company of Great Britain, shortly after the second World War as a 'stop-gap' production vehicle for use by farmers and others requiring a light utility 4x4 vehicle. They entered production in 1948. The fi rst two vehicles to come to the Falklands arrived in the same year, one of these being supplied to Chartres Farm on West Falkland. These were small and relatively light vehicles, of robust construction and general reliability. Their numbers in the Islands grew fast over the ensuing years. The early vehicles were 80-inch wheelbase, canvas top models, with petrol engines and most featured the optional power-take-off equipment that was available from the outset. Meccano-like construction allowed great interchangeability of parts, as well as substitution when fi eld-repairs required it. Later on, longer 107-inch models and diesel engines made appearances and by late 1958 the fi rst Series 2 vehicles also became available in the Islands. These various models of 88” and Body components remained mostly from Gibraltar Station to Stanley and 109” became the mainstay vehicles the same, as the extra 2” was built was extremely capable, particularly throughout the Falklands; in use on in forward of the footwells, thereby in crossing the newly-created Buff alo almost every farm, in private ownership allowing all of the optional equipment drainage ditches. This vehicle still and also by many Government to be utilized as well. exists and is preserved in a family departments. Some later Series 2A's 78p Series 1 Hard Top collection. that came down were of specialist Probably one of the most numerous £1.96 Series IIB type, with non-standard modifi cations of Series 1's to come to the Islands, Forward Control for their work, including two fi re- the 86” was many people's fi rst Land The Forward Control 2A/2B was tenders two Forward Controls, two Rover. Produced from 1954-57, designed in 1963 as a larger load- large-wheeled Station Wagons and a these stalwart vehicles came to the carrier using 75% standard L/R Roadless Traction Forest Rover; (one Islands in both new and second-hand parts. Only four ever came to the of only nine ever built). models, many with soft tops but also Falklands. This particular vehicle did Series 3 vehicles arrived in the a lot with the highly desirable hard- sterling service for the Ship Hotel, 1970's, with improved seating and top and 3 doors. Many vehicles of this British Antarctic Survey and John better heaters; some of the early ones era survived right up to 1982, before Rowlands Construction, before being of these were the fl eet that came being superseded by much younger damaged in 1982. It was rebuilt in for use on the construction of Cape Land Rovers brought in as the Islands 1988 and continued to be used on Pembroke airfi eld. re-built and developed. a sheep station, where it is currently By the end of 1982, the presence £1.26 Series IIA Roadless preserved. of British Forces saw even greater Traction Forest Rover The First Day Cover shows the numbers of Series 3's in the Islands, The Roadless 109” Forest Rover fi rst Rincon Grande farm Land Rover before the newly developed coil- was developed in 1961-62 by (1950 80") being taken across to sprung One-Ten and Ninety models Roadless Traction for the Forestry Gibraltar Station, for an overhaul in began to appear in 1984. Commission for traversing fallen trees the new workshop garage, in a horse Further specialist vehicles arrived and drainage ditches. scow [vessel] behind the motor boat for use, including more fi re tenders, A standard 109” cab/chassis with around 1956. ambulances, cherry pickers, a couple conventional 2.25l. engine and Technical details: of 6x6 airfi eld appliances and even a gearbox was fi tted with Kirkstall Illustrator Robin Carter hearse! planetary reduction hub axles and 28” Printer Cartor Security Printing As production reached its end, tractor wheels. Process Stochastic Lithography several Heritage models and fi nally To enable turning, the front axle Perforation 13 x 13 ¼ per 2cms some UN-spec versions arrived, with was made wider than the rear and a Stamp size 30.6 x 38mm imports now only made up of pre- special cargo body was also fi tted. Sheet Layout 10 owned purchases. Only nine units were ever constructed, Release date 20 December, 2019 32p Series 1 88 Inch including the prototype, two of which Production Co-ordination The 88” Series 1 Land Rover was were exported. Creative Direction (Worldwide) Ltd produced from 1957-58, still fi tted In the Falklands the Roadless For further information, please contact with the 1.6l. Engine, although a 109” was imported in 1962 by Robin Juliet Warner [email protected] 2-litre diesel was also available. Pitaluga for doing the overland journey 29 Births, marriages and deaths Births, marriages and deaths All information is obtained from the Falklands registry. If your child has Falklands status at birth but was born outside of the Falklands please let us know so that the FIA can include the announcement in a following edition, if that is your wish Births 26.08.2019 Lucas Santiago Baigorri Butler – Joanne Rose Baigorri & Guillermo Inaki Baigorri Bordon 28.08.2019 Mark David Smith – Anya Deidre Smith & John Derek Smith 03.10.2019 Mia Elizabeth Minto – Zoe Leigh Taylor & Bradley Stewart Andre Minto 09.10.2019 Alfi e Pitaluga Robert Watson – Karen Michella Rozee & Dominic Robert Watson 24.10.2019 Blaze Lowe – Tonisha Louisa Lowe & Nathan Reginald Eugenio Lowe 05.11.2019 Keeley Alyana MacDonald – Isla Karen MacDonald & Derek George MacDonald 08.11.2019 Alexa Skye Gilson-Clarke – Sharon Magollado Baldos & Martyn Ian Gilson-Clarke 08.12.2019 Myah Jane Henry – Emily Barker & Alex Chad Henry 09.12.2019 Aleksander Cena – Josephine Inday Cena & Klajdi Cena 28.12.2019 Shern Amper Deloso – Mary Shirnelou Amper Deloso & Sherwin Visaya Deloso

Marriages 15.11.2019 Kirsty Louise Horsman & Michael Peter Goss – Horseshoe Bay Farm, Falkland Islands 16.11.2019 Naseba Ismail & Richard James Galey – Registry Offi ce, Stanley, Falkland Islands 30.11.2019 Genalyn Chato Genit & Michael George Butcher – The Narrows Bar, Stanley, Falkland Islands 01.12.2019 Imelda Valeriano Magdaug & Benjamin James Sproule – Government House, Stanley, Falkland Islands 27.12.2019 Victoria Jane Butler & Daniel Vincent Luke – Christ Church Cathedral, Stanley, Falkland Islands 31.12.2019 Megan Shirley Rebecca Middleton & Nicholas Cyril Carter Edwards – The Lighthouse, Cape Pembroke, Falkland Islands

Deaths 15.08.2019 Vladimir Kvasha 63 years Steward, Russia 01.10.2019 Anthony Thomas Blake 79 years Fishing Business, Retired, Falkland Islands, Husband of Mariela Blake 07.10.2019 Ian Clarke 65 years Plant Operator, Retired, Falkland Islands 24.10.2019 Blaze Lowe Son of Tonisha Louisa Lowe & Nathan Reginald Eugenio Lowe, Falkland Islands 15.11.2019 Raynor Halliday 83 years Handyman, Retired, Falkland Islands 01.01.2020 Robin Andreas McIntosh Pitaluga 86 years Sheep Farmer & Fishing Company Director, Retired, Falkland Islands

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30 FIA information

Membership Application The Falkland Islands Association A photocopy is acceptable to save cutting your copy of President: The Rt Hon The Lord Hurd CH CBE. the Newsletter or forms can be downloaded from the FIA Vice Presidents: General Sir Peter de la Billiere KCB website at www.fi association.com KBE DSO MC MSC DL, General Sir Michael Rose KCB CBE DSO QGM DL, Mr David Tatham CMG, I wish to support the right of the people of the Falkland Hon Cindy Buxton, Mrs Merle Christie, Islands to decide their own future. I wish to join the Falkland Mr ECJ Clapp MBE, Dr R Elgood, Islands Association (see membership rates elsewhere on Councillor RE Walker, Mr Alan Huckle. this page).

Chairman: Mr John Duncan OBE (to 2 Mar 20) Name:...... Temporary Chairman from 2 Mar 20: Mr Paul Martinez Hon Sec & Treasurer: Mr Tym Marsh Address:...... The Falkland Islands Association brings together those who support the continuing freedom of the people of the ...... Falkland Islands. Its Constitution states that its aim is to support the people of the Falkland Islands to decide Connection to/interest in Falklands:...... their own future. The Association is independent but maintains close ...... links with many other Falklands’ organisations. It is a major source of information about the Falklands. It Tel:...... Email:...... publishes a newsletter, which all members receive, covering political and social events in the Islands, Signature:...... Date:...... wildlife, tourism, philately, and many other subjects. It welcomes interest in the Falklands and invites all those who share its aims to become members. Standing Order Form

Advertising Name of Your Bank:......

The present circulation of the Newsletter is 4,000 copies. It Branch Address:...... is distributed to Members of the Association, all Members of the House of Commons, the Scottish Parliament and ...... the Welsh Assembly, members of the House of Lords, and to the press, radio and television. Many copies circulate in Please pay The Falkland Islands Association at NatWest, the United States, Australia, New Zealand, Canada and St James & Piccadilly Branch, 208 Piccadilly, London W1J other Commonwealth and foreign countries. Five hundred 9HE, Sort Code 56 00 29, Account No 24223999, the sum copies are distributed in the Falkland Islands. of ……… pounds on receipt of this order and thereafter For advertising rates and details please apply to: annually on 1 April. [email protected] Name:...... Dates for your Address:......

2020 Diary Account no:...... 23 June. FIGO Reception, Middle Temple 5 December. AGM, London, details to be announced Sort Code:......

Membership rates: Account Name:...... (Associate = student/pensioner) Reference to be used (Surname, First Name, Initials): Option A: membership with Newsletter posted to address Individual Member (UK/FI) £20 Associate Member (UK/FI) £15 ...... Privacy. The FIA takes care to protect the personal information Individual Member (Overseas) £25 provided by members. For details of our approach, please see the Associate member (Overseas) £20 Privacy Policy on our website. Corporate Member £50 (minimum) Corporate Sponsor £500 New contact emails Please note the following new email addresses: Option B: membership without Newsletter which can be viewed and downloaded from the FIA website. Membership queries to: Individual Member (UK) £15 membershipsec@fi association.com Associate Member (UK) £10 Individual Member (Overseas) £15 All other queries to: Associate member (Overseas) £10 honsec@fi association.com

31 of F ALL AM H E • • 2 6 0 1 1 0 7 2

CERTIFICATE of • •

EXCELLENCE 2 5 0

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A small hotel with a big heart 8 2

+(500) 21462 [email protected] www.waterfronthotel.co.fk

Central Location The kitchen.café is located in the same hotel and it’s the perfect place for eating and drinking, from breakfast to afternoon tea, from lunch with friends to cocktails or dinner. ber Tea ry

Find Us Alongside the Historic Museum The Teaberry Cafe is perfect for a takeaway lunch, coffee, cakes or sweets. 32323232 T4FF Ltd Registered in the Falkland Islands Co. No. 14709, Registered Offi ce: 32 The Waterfront Hotel, 36 Ross Road, Falkland Islands. Directors: A. Olmedo, V.Ramirez