How to Collect a Sputum Sample for Your Lab Test

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How to Collect a Sputum Sample for Your Lab Test General Information Rinse or gargle with water. Your health care provider has ordered a sputum Collecting Your Sputum Sample (also called mucus or phlegm) collection test. The test that is circled below is the one you will Collect only one sample per day. need to do. Collect the sample(s) right away when you wake up from sleeping. Cough as deeply Before Collecting Your as possible to raise the sputum from your Sputum Sample lungs (instead of saliva from your mouth). You will be given the collection container(s) If you have problems collecting your for your lab test before you are sent home. sample, call your health care provider. Write the following information on each of Follow the directions below to complete your collection containers: your sputum collection test. — your full name — date of collection — time of collection. Test Container Directions Sputum Culture, Stain clean cup with Collect one sample. a screw cap For best results, return the sample to the clinic within two hours. If this is not possible, keep the sample at room temperature and return it within 24 hours. AFB Culture, Stain clean cup with Collect a total of three samples on separate days. a screw cap Collect each sample in a different cup. Keep the samples in the refrigerator. Return all of the samples to the clinic at one time. Fungus Culture clean cup with Collect a total of three samples on separate days. a screw cap Collect each sample in a different cup. Keep the samples in the refrigerator. Return each sample to the clinic within two days of collection. Fungus/Pneumocystis, clean cup with Collect one sample. Stain a screw cap Keep the sample in the refrigerator. Return the sample to the clinic within 24 hours. Sputum for Cytology CytoLyt™ tube Collect a total of three samples on separate days. Put all of the samples in one container. Do not keep the samples in the refrigerator. Return all of the samples to the clinic at one time on the third day of collecting the samples. ©2012 ALLINA HEALTH SYSTEMTM A TRADEMARK OF ALLINA HEALTH SYSTEM OTHER TRADEMARKS USED ARE OWNED BY THEIR RESPECTIVE OWNERS gen-ahl-15268 (8/12) allinahealth.org.

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Sputum Collection Instructions Step 1 Step 2 Step 3
Sputum Collection Instructions Sputum is mucus or phlegm coughed up from your lungs (not spit, saliva, or nasopharyngeal discharge). Sputum samples are used to diagnose active tuberculosis (TB) and to monitor the effectiveness of TB treatment. Step 1 • Drink plenty of water the night before collection. Best time of day to collect sputum is when you first wake. • Do not eat, drink or smoke before coughing up sputum from the lungs. • Rinse (do not swallow) the mouth with water before sputum is collected to minimize residual food particles, mouthwash, or oral drugs that might contaminate the specimen. Step 2 • Go away from other people either outside or beside an open window before collecting the specimen. This helps protect other people from TB germs when you cough. • Take the plastic tube with you. The collection tube is very clean. Do not open it until you are ready to use it. Carefully open the plastic tube. Step 3 • Take several deep breaths. • Cough hard from deep inside the chest three times to bring sputum up from your lungs. • Spit the sputum into the tube carefully. Try not to touch the rim of the container. • Repeat until you have 1 – 2 tablespoons of sputum in the tube. • Replace the cap tightly on the plastic tube. • Wash and dry the outside of the tube. • Write date of collection in the proper box on the lab slip. Step 4 • Place the primary specimen container (usually a conical centrifuge tube) in the clear plastic baggie that has the biohazard symbol imprint. • Place the white absorbent sheet in the plastic baggie.
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Perinatal/Neonatal Case Presentation
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Chest Pain in Pediatrics
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Evaluation of Upper Airway Changes Following Surgical Removal of the Adenoids Using 3-D Cone Beam CT
University of Nebraska Medical Center DigitalCommons@UNMC Theses & Dissertations Graduate Studies Fall 12-18-2015 Evaluation of Upper Airway Changes Following Surgical Removal of the Adenoids Using 3-D Cone Beam CT Christopher C. Schultz University of Nebraska Medical Center Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unmc.edu/etd Part of the Other Medical Specialties Commons Recommended Citation Schultz, Christopher C., "Evaluation of Upper Airway Changes Following Surgical Removal of the Adenoids Using 3-D Cone Beam CT" (2015). Theses & Dissertations. 54. https://digitalcommons.unmc.edu/etd/54 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate Studies at DigitalCommons@UNMC. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses & Dissertations by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@UNMC. For more information, please contact [email protected]. EVALUATION OF UPPER AIRWAY CHANGES FOLLOWING SURGICAL REMOVAL OF THE ADENOIDS USING 3-D CONE BEAM CT By Christopher C. Schultz, D.D.S A THESIS Presented to the Faculty of The Graduate College in the University of Nebraska In Partial Fulfillment of Requirements For the Degree of Master of Science Medical Sciences Interdepartmental Area Oral Biology University of Nebraska Medical Center Omaha, Nebraska December, 2015 Advisory Committee: Sundaralingam Premaraj, BDS, MS, PhD, FRCD(C) Sheela Premaraj, BDS, PhD Peter J. Giannini, DDS, MS Stanton D. Harn, PhD i ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to express my thanks and gratitude to the members of my thesis committee: Dr. Sundaralingam Premaraj, Dr. Sheela Premaraj, Dr. Peter Giannini, and Dr. Stanton Harn. Your advice and assistance has been vital for the completion of the project.
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Plastic Bronchitis by R
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Assessment of Cough Cough Remains One of the Most Common Complaints That Motivate Patients to Seek Medical Attention
Assessment of cough Cough remains one of the most common complaints that motivate patients to seek medical attention. GILLIAN AINSLIE, MB ChB, FRCP (Lond) UCT Lung Institute and Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town Gillian Ainslie is a specialist pulmonologist at Groote Schuur Hospital and the University of Cape Town. She is a past president of both the South African Thoracic Society and the National Asthma Education Programme (where she developed the South African Diploma of Asthma). Her main interest is interstitial lung disease. Cough is caused by stimulation of irritant receptors in the central airways and/or stretch receptors in the distal airways or the lung Smokers who cough usually interstitium. It is a normal protective mechanism, which may be feel that their cough is due lost with local or general anaesthesia, other causes of decreased level of consciousness, or neuromuscular problems (especially bulbar). to smoking and therefore Cough is abnormal if it is persistent, painful or productive. rarely seek medical advice specifically for it. His tory and examination If a patient presents with a cough, the following features should be clarified on history: Chronic cough • duration – days, weeks, months or years Chronic cough as the only symptom can account for up to 10% of all referrals to general respiratory clinics1 and occurs in 3 - 40% • course – constant, worsening, intermittent, diurnal variation of the general population.2 Unsurprisingly, cigarette smoking has • triggers – allergens, irritants, swallowing, position a dose-related influence on the prevalence of productive cough.2 • dry or productive (nature and volume of sputum) – clear/ Smokers who cough usually feel that their cough is due to smoking white/grey (mucoid), yellow/green (purulent) or bloody and therefore rarely seek medical advice specifically for it.
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THE DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS of HEMOPTYSIS. by W
56 POST-GRADUATE MEDICAL JOURNAL February, 1938 Postgrad Med J: first published as 10.1136/pgmj.14.148.56 on 1 February 1938. Downloaded from THE DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS OF HEMOPTYSIS. By W. ERNEST LLOYD, M.D., F.R.C.P. (Assistant Physician, Westminster Hospital and Brompton Hospital for Consumption and Diseases of the Chest.) Haemoptysis or blood-spitting is a symptom of many different diseases and it should always lead to a complete investigation of the patient so as to try and determine its cause. The amount of blood expectorated varies greatly from a few streaks of blood in the phlegm or blood-stained sputum to a free hemorrhage of many ounces. When it occurs for the first time it is rarely copious but it is a symptom which always causes great anxiety and rarely does a patient ignore it. This is in striking contrast to other symptoms of chest disease for a patient may have had a cough for months before seeking medical advice. When a patient goes to a doctor with the history of having coughed up blood, a re-assuring attitude should be adopted and a history of the circumstances accompanying the haemoptysis should be obtained. If possible, the actual blood should be observed especially if the history is not clear whether the blood was actually coughed up or vomited. Occasionally, a history of epistaxis precedes that of the haemoptysis and blood may be seen to be coming from the naso- pharynx. Protected by copyright. The past history of the patient may offer a clue to the vetiology.
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Dolore.Toracico.Zuliani
CHEST PAIN Prof. Giovanni Zuliani CHEST PAIN • Chest pain accounts for about 4-5% of all Emergency Department visits per year in Western Countries (chest pain units) • The differential diagnosis of chest pain is really important and extensive in Internal Medicine CHEST PAIN 1. ANATOMY OF THORAX 2. DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS 3. OVERVIEW OF DISEASES AND PROCESSES CAUSING CHEST PAIN 4. APPROACH TO CHEST PAIN CHEST ANATOMY SKIN MUSCLES CHEST ANATOMY BONES CHEST ANATOMY PULMONARY SYSTEM CHEST ANATOMY HEART CHEST ANATOMY VASCULATURE AND GI SYSTEM AORTA AND ESOPHAGUS DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS OF CHEST PAIN 1) CHEST WALL PAIN 2) PULMONARY CAUSES 3) CARDIAC CAUSES 4) VASCULAR CAUSES 5) G.I. CAUSES 6) OTHER (PSYCHOGENIC CAUSES) 1. CHEST WALL PAIN . DDX: CHEST PAIN • CHEST WALL PAIN - Skin and sensory nerves: - Herpes Zoster - Musculoskeletal system: - Isolated Musculoskeletal Chest Pain Syndrome: * Costochondritis * Xiphoidalgia * Precordial Catch Syndrome * Rib Fractures - Rheumatic and Systemic Diseases causing chest wall pain CHEST WALL PAIN • HERPES ZOSTER - Reactivation of Herpes Varicellae virus - Immuno-compromised patients (HIV, stress, very old / fragile subjects) are often at risk for reactivation. - 60% of zoster infections involve the trunk - Pain often precede rash (very rarely pain without rash) HERPES ZOSTER • Clusters of vesicles (with clear or purulent fluid) grouped on an erythematous base. Lesions eventually rupture and crust. • Dermatomal distribution. • Usually unilateral involvement that halts at midline. Herpes Zoster H. ZOSTER: TREATMENT • ZOSTER VIRUS: * Antivirals: Acyclovir (800 mg x4/day) or Valacyclovir (1g/8h) reduce duration of symptoms. Might also reduce incidence of post-herpetic neuralgia. * +/- Corticosteroids: may reduce inflammation * Analgesia: NSAIDS, Paracetamol, Tramadol POSTHERPETIC NEURALGIA: * May follow the course of acute zoster: shooting, sharp pain, hyperesthesia in involved dermatome * Treatment: Analgesics (NSAIDS, Opioids), Antiepileptics (Carbamazepine, Fenitoin, Gabapentin), Antidepressants (e.g.
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Pneumonia Panel
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