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Projeto: Taxonomia E Morfologia Das Famílias Primulaceae (Incl

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Projeto: Taxonomia E Morfologia Das Famílias Primulaceae (Incl SISBIO 27506 – Projeto: Taxonomia e morfologia das famílias Primulaceae (incl. Myrsinaceae e Theophrastaceae) e Cactaceae no Brasil Equipe: Dra. Maria de Fátima Freitas (JBRJ – Coordenadora), Dra. Karen Lucia Gama De Toni (JBRJ) Subprojeto em andamento: Desenvolvimento do androceu e microsporogênese em espécies de Cybianthus e Myrsine (Myrsinoideae - Primulaceae) Equipe: Dra. Maria de Fátima Freitas (JBRJ – Coordenadora), Dra. Karen Lucia Gama De Toni (JBRJ), Dra. Claudia Franca Barros (JBRJ), MSc. Bruna Nunes de Luna (Doutoranda, Bolsista CAPES – JBRJ) e Laura Garzon Duffles (Bolsista PIBIC/CNPq – JBRJ) Resumo: A estrutura e organização do androceu em Primulaceae, Ordem Ericales (APG 2016), é uma das características mais evidentes de sua morfologia floral, além da presença e distribuição das estruturas secretoras na subfamília Myrsinoideae. A presença de um segundo ciclo de estames, mesmo que vestigial, tem sido observada em espécies de Myrsine ocorrentes no Brasil (Freitas & Kinoshita 2015). A análise de sua origem e desenvolvimento irá favorecer não só a soma de informações sobre a morfologia da família mas esclarecer as informações sobre os diferentes graus de fusão do androceu que podem ocorrer na família. O gênero Cybianthus é um dos maiores gêneros da familia Primulaceae com cerca de 150 espécies distribuídas na região neotropical, e 66 espécies no Brasil (BFG 2015). Ocorrem especialmente em ambientes preservados e, no Parque Nacional de Itatiaia tem sido encontradas em áreas próximas aos rios. Não são conhecidos estudos com maiores detalhamentos da morfologia e desenvolvimento das peças florais destes dois gêneros, especialmente se tratando de espécies que compõem a flora brasileira. Estudos recentes foram iniciados no laboratório de Botânica Estrutural do Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, com a espécie Myrsine coriacea (Sw.) R. Br. ex Roem. & Schult. (Figura 1) e, verifica-se que as respostas até então obtidas, e inéditas, sobre a embriologia, estão totalmente de acordo com os já descritos para Myrsinoideae e Primulaceae, exceto com relação a falta de sincronismo entre os esporângios das anteras de Myrsine, o que ainda não foi referido para a família. Espécimes de Cybianthus verticillatus (Vell.) G. Agostini foram registrados nas trilhas para as cachoeiras Itaporani e Véu da Noiva (Figura 2), de acordo com a literatura, ocupam ambientes preservados. Os indivíduos encontrados de C. verticillatus são escassos, porém no acompanhamento dos mesmos, iniciado em 2014, verifica-se que se mantém resistentes às intempéries e freqüente presença de visitantes, o que ressalta a importância da conservação destes ambientes. Expedições mensais no ano de 2016 tem sido realizadas ao Parque Nacional de Itatiaia para acompanhamento de floração dos indivíduos, pois para a execução deste subprojeto são necessários botões florais em diferentes fases de desenvolvimento. Observa-se que o período de floração é restrito e, segundo observado em coletas registradas no Herbário do Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, tem sido alterado ao longo dos anos. O presente trabalho objetiva analisar o grau de inserção do androceu em diferentes espécies e gêneros de Myrsinoideae, inicialmente em Myrsine e Cybianthus, e dar continuidade aos estudos embriológicos, como forma de subsidiar futuros projetos de pesquisas, a conservação das espécies e, principalmente, com o propósito de destacar a importância da conservação e manutenção das Unidades de Conservação para a conservação da biodiversidade brasileira. Agradecimentos: Ao Léo Nascimento pela autorização da realização das pesquisas; aos guardas e funcionários do Parque Nacional de Itatiaia pela receptividade e apoio sempre que necessários; ao CNPq e CAPES pela bolsa de estudos aos alunos; à FAPERJ pelo financiamento dos projetos desta equipe sobre a família Primulaceae no Brasil; ao Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro pelo apoio. Referências bibliográficas: APG (Angiosperm Phylogeny Group). 2016. An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG IV. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 181:1-20. BFG (The Brazil Flora Group) 2015. Growing knowledge: an overview of Seed Plant diversity in Brazil. Rodriguésia 66(4):1-29. FREITAS, M.F. & KINOSHITA, L.S. 2015. Myrsine (Myrsinoideae- Primulaceae) no sudeste e sul do Brasil. Rodriguésia 66(1): 167-189. .
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