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Parque Natural Metropolitano Tel: (507) 232-5516/5552 Fax: (507) 232-5615 www.parquemetropolitano.org Ave. Juan Pablo II final P.O. Box 0843-03129 Balboa, Ancón, Panamá República de Panamá 2 Taylor, L. 2006. Raintree Nutrition, Tropical Plant Database. http://www.rain- Welcome to the Metropolitan Natural Park, the lungs of Panama tree.com/plist.htm. Date accessed; February 2007 City! The park was established in 1985 and contains 232 hectares. It is one of the few protected areas located within the city border. Thomson, L., & Evans, B. 2006. Terminalia catappa (tropical almond), Species Profiles for Pacific Island Agroforestry. Permanent Agriculture Resources You are about to enter an ecosystem that is nearly extinct in Latin (PAR), Elevitch, C.R. (ed.). http://www.traditionaltreeorg . Date accessed March America: the Pacific dry forests. Whether your goals for this walk 2007-04-23 are a simple walk to keep you in shape or a careful look at the forest and its inhabitants, this guide will give you information about Young, A., Myers, P., Byrne, A. 1999, 2001, 2004. Bradypus variegatus, what can be commonly seen. We want to draw your attention Megalonychidae, Atta sexdens, Animal Diversity Web. http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Bradypus_var toward little things that may at first glance seem hidden away. Our iegatus.html. Date accessed March 2007 hope is that it will raise your curiosity and that you’ll want to learn more about the mysteries that lie within the tropical forest. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The contents of this book include tree identifications, introductions Text and design: Elisabeth Naud and Rudi Markgraf, McGill University, to basic ecological concepts and special facts about animals you Montreal, Canada. -
Primulaceae Flora of the Cangas of Serra Dos Carajás, Pará, Brazil: Primulaceae
Rodriguésia 68, n.3 (Especial): 1085-1090. 2017 http://rodriguesia.jbrj.gov.br DOI: 10.1590/2175-7860201768346 Flora das cangas da Serra dos Carajás, Pará, Brasil: Primulaceae Flora of the cangas of Serra dos Carajás, Pará, Brazil: Primulaceae Maria de Fátima Freitas1,2 & Bruna Nunes de Luna1 Resumo Este estudo apresenta as espécies de Primulaceae registradas para as áreas de canga da Serra dos Carajás, estado do Pará, incluindo descrição morfológica, comentários e ilustrações. São registrados dois gêneros e seis espécies para a área de estudo: Clavija lancifolia subsp. chermontiana, C. macrophylla, Cybianthus amplus, C. detergens, C. penduliflorus e Cybianthus sp. 1. Palavras-chave: Myrsinaceae, Theophrastaceae, FLONA Carajás, flora, taxonomia. Abstract This study presents the species of Primulaceae recorded for the cangas of Serra dos Carajás, Pará state, including morphological descriptions, comments and illustrations. Six species representing two genera were recorded in the study area: Clavija lancifolia subsp. chermontiana, C. macrophylla, Cybianthus amplus, C. detergens, C. penduliflorus e Cybianthus sp. 1. Key words: Myrsinaceae, Theophrastaceae, FLONA Carajás, flora, taxonomy. Primulaceae As espécies encontradas na cangas da Serra de Primulaceae apresenta distribuição Carajás caracterizam-se por serem arbusto a pantropical, com aproximadamente 2.500 arvoretas, bissexuais ou unissexuais, com folhas espécies e 58 gêneros (Stevens 2001 em diante) simples, alternas, não estipuladas. Apresentam agrupados em quatro subfamílias: Maesoideae, inflorescências racemosas, flores pediceladas, Myrsinoideae, Primuloideae e Theophrastoideae bractéola única, cálice livre ou fusionado na base (APG IV). Destas, duas ocorrem na Flora do e corola gamopétala. O androceu é tipicamente Brasil, Myrsinoideae e Theophrastoideae, com epipétalo, isostêmone, com estames livres entre 12 gêneros e cerca de 140 espécies (Freitas et si ou unidos em um tubo; estaminódios também al. -
Rediscovery of Cybianthus Froelichii (Primulaceae), an Endangered Species from Brazil
Bol. Mus. Biol. Mello Leitão (N. Sér.) 38(1):31-38. Janeiro-Março de 2016 31 Rediscovery of Cybianthus froelichii (Primulaceae), an endangered species from Brazil Maria de Fátima Freitas1*, Tatiana Tavares Carrijo2 & Bruna Nunes de Luna1 RESUMO: (Redescoberta de Cybianthus froelichii (Primulaceae), uma espécie ameaçada de extinção do Brasil). Uma espécie redescoberta de Cybianthus subgênero Cybianthus é descrita e ilustrada. Cybianthus froelichii é proximamente relacionado à C. cuneifolius, mas se diferencia pelas folhas grandes e flores pistiladas sésseis. Espécie endêmica da Mata Atlântica e considerada ameaçada de extinção. C. froelichii é aqui ilustrada pela primeira vez. Palavras-chave: Mata Atlântica, diversidade, Ericales, Neotrópico, Myrsinoideae. ABSTRACT: A rediscovered species of Cybianthus subgenus Cybianthus is described and illustrated. Cybianthus froelichii is most closely related to C. cuneifolius, but may be distinguished by its large leaves and sessile pistillate flowers. This species is endemic to the Atlantic Forest, Brazil, and is considered endangered. C. froelichii is illustrated here for the first time. Key words: Atlantic Forest, diversity, Ericales, Neotropic, Myrsinoideae. 1 Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, Diretoria de Pesquisas, Rua Pacheco Leão 915, CEP 22460-030, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil. 2 Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Departamento de Biologia, Alto Universitário s.n., CEP 29500-000, Alegre, ES, Brasil. *Corresponding author. e-mail: [email protected] -
William Wayt Thomas1,2 & Melissa Tulig1
Rodriguésia 66(4): 983-987. 2015 http://rodriguesia.jbrj.gov.br DOI: 10.1590/2175-7860201566404 Hard Copy to Digital: Flora Neotropica and the World Flora Online William Wayt Thomas1,2 & Melissa Tulig1 Abstract One of the greatest challenges in achieving the goals of the World Flora Online (WFO) will be to make available the huge amount of botanical information that is not yet available digitally. The New York Botanical Garden is using the Flora Neotropica monograph series as a model for digitization. We describe our efforts at digitizing Flora Neotropica monographs and why digitization of hardcopy descriptions must be a priority for the WFO project. Key words: Electronic monographs, open access, Flora Neotropica, monographs. Resumo Um dos maiores desafios para alcançar as metas do projeto World Flora Online (WFO), será a disponibilizar a enorme quantidade de informações botânicas que ainda não estão disponíveis digitalmente. O New York Botanical Garden está utilizando a série de monografias da Flora Neotropica como um modelo para a digitalização. Nós aqui descrevemos nossos esforços na digitalização das monografias da Flora Neotropica e porque a digitalização das descrições impressas deve ser uma prioridade para o projeto WFO. Palavras-chave: Monografias eletrônicas, open access, Flora Neotropica, monografias. Introduction is called the World Flora Online (WFO). This consortium of professionals will create open- The World Flora Online (WFO) was access one-stop searching of world flora with developed as part of the United Nation’s Global verified information, including new and previously Strategy for Plant Conservation with the goal of published data, and coordinated with links to other providing “an online flora of all known plants,” One plant database and catalog Web sites. -
Native Trees of Mexico: Diversity, Distribution, Uses and Conservation
Native trees of Mexico: diversity, distribution, uses and conservation Oswaldo Tellez1,*, Efisio Mattana2,*, Mauricio Diazgranados2, Nicola Kühn2, Elena Castillo-Lorenzo2, Rafael Lira1, Leobardo Montes-Leyva1, Isela Rodriguez1, Cesar Mateo Flores Ortiz1, Michael Way2, Patricia Dávila1 and Tiziana Ulian2 1 Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Av. De los Barrios 1, Los Reyes Iztacala Tlalnepantla, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Estado de México, Mexico 2 Wellcome Trust Millennium Building, RH17 6TN, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Ardingly, West Sussex, United Kingdom * These authors contributed equally to this work. ABSTRACT Background. Mexico is one of the most floristically rich countries in the world. Despite significant contributions made on the understanding of its unique flora, the knowledge on its diversity, geographic distribution and human uses, is still largely fragmented. Unfortunately, deforestation is heavily impacting this country and native tree species are under threat. The loss of trees has a direct impact on vital ecosystem services, affecting the natural capital of Mexico and people's livelihoods. Given the importance of trees in Mexico for many aspects of human well-being, it is critical to have a more complete understanding of their diversity, distribution, traditional uses and conservation status. We aimed to produce the most comprehensive database and catalogue on native trees of Mexico by filling those gaps, to support their in situ and ex situ conservation, promote their sustainable use, and inform reforestation and livelihoods programmes. Methods. A database with all the tree species reported for Mexico was prepared by compiling information from herbaria and reviewing the available floras. Species names were reconciled and various specialised sources were used to extract additional species information, i.e. -
The Framework Species Approach to Forest Restoration: Using Functional Traits As Predictors of Species Performance
- 1 - The Framework Species Approach to forest restoration: using functional traits as predictors of species performance. Thesis submitted in accordance with the requirements of the University of Liverpool for the degree of Doctor in Philosophy by Hannah Betts July 2013 - 2 - - 3 - Abstract Due to forest degradation and loss, the use of ecological restoration techniques has become of particular interest in recent years. One such method is the Framework Species Approach (FSA), which was developed in Queensland, Australia. The Framework Species Approach involves a single planting (approximately 30 species) of both early and late successional species. Species planted must survive in the harsh conditions of an open site as well as fulfilling the functions of; (a) fast growth of a broad dense canopy to shade out weeds and reduce the chance of forest fire, (b) early production of flowers or fleshy fruits to attract seed dispersers and kick start animal-mediated seed distribution to the degraded site. The Framework Species Approach has recently been used as part of a restoration project in Doi Suthep-Pui National Park in northern Thailand by the Forest Restoration Research Unit (FORRU) of Chiang Mai University. FORRU have undertaken a number of trials on species performance in the nursery and the field to select appropriate species. However, this has been time-consuming and labour- intensive. It has been suggested that the need for such trials may be reduced by the pre-selection of species using their functional traits as predictors of future performance. Here, seed, leaf and wood functional traits were analysed against predictions from ecological models such as the CSR Triangle and the pioneer concept to assess the extent to which such models described the ecological strategies exhibited by woody species in the seasonally-dry tropical forests of northern Thailand. -
Biomimética De Estructuras Vegetales Mejorando La Seguridad En El Ciclismo a Partir De La Olla De Mono
BIOMIMÉTICA DE ESTRUCTURAS VEGETALES MEJORANDO LA SEGURIDAD EN EL CICLISMO A PARTIR DE LA OLLA DE MONO Lucía Paulina Buelvas Álvarez Jenny Alexandra Ramírez Osorio Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana Escuela de Arquitectura y Diseño Facultad de Diseño Industrial Medellín 2014 Línea de morfología experimental CONTENIDO Resumen – Abstract Introducción Planteamiento del proyecto. Tema general del proyecto. Características generales del proyecto de investigación. Problema identifica. Elementos del problema. Hipótesis o pregunta que se formula frente al tema como planteamiento de la investigación. Justificación del proyecto. Validez del proyecto en el contexto de la investigación en diseño industrial. Oportunidades que representa para el desarrollo de nuevos productos o estrategias. Objetivos. Objetivo general. Objetivos específicos. Alcance. Límites y metas temáticas para el proyecto. Límites y metas metodológicas para el proyecto. Marco de referencia. Antecedentes. Estado del arte. Conceptualización de los elementos del problema. Materiales y métodos Material botánico Métodos Caracterización anatómica y morfológica del fruto del árbol Olla de mono Identificación del tipo de materiales del fruto de la Olla de mono Definición del nivel de desempeño funcional estructural del fruto Resultados y discusión Conclusiones Agradecimientos Glosario Bibliografía Biomimética de estructuras vegetales Mejorando la seguridad en el ciclismo a partir de la Olla de mono Lucía Paulina Buelvas Álvarez – Jenny Alexandra Ramírez Osorio Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Medellín, Colombia “El éxito parece ser en buena parte cuestión de perseverar después de que otros hayan abandonado.” William Feather Resumen Actualmente el ciclismo es uno de los deportes con mayor nivel de aceptación en Colombia. Para su práctica se requiere del uso de sistemas de protección personal que garanticen la seguridad del deportista, siendo el casco uno de los objetos más importantes de este equipamiento. -
Chec List What Survived from the PLANAFLORO Project
Check List 10(1): 33–45, 2014 © 2014 Check List and Authors Chec List ISSN 1809-127X (available at www.checklist.org.br) Journal of species lists and distribution What survived from the PLANAFLORO Project: PECIES S Angiosperms of Rondônia State, Brazil OF 1* 2 ISTS L Samuel1 UniCarleialversity of Konstanz, and Narcísio Department C.of Biology, Bigio M842, PLZ 78457, Konstanz, Germany. [email protected] 2 Universidade Federal de Rondônia, Campus José Ribeiro Filho, BR 364, Km 9.5, CEP 76801-059. Porto Velho, RO, Brasil. * Corresponding author. E-mail: Abstract: The Rondônia Natural Resources Management Project (PLANAFLORO) was a strategic program developed in partnership between the Brazilian Government and The World Bank in 1992, with the purpose of stimulating the sustainable development and protection of the Amazon in the state of Rondônia. More than a decade after the PLANAFORO program concluded, the aim of the present work is to recover and share the information from the long-abandoned plant collections made during the project’s ecological-economic zoning phase. Most of the material analyzed was sterile, but the fertile voucher specimens recovered are listed here. The material examined represents 378 species in 234 genera and 76 families of angiosperms. Some 8 genera, 68 species, 3 subspecies and 1 variety are new records for Rondônia State. It is our intention that this information will stimulate future studies and contribute to a better understanding and more effective conservation of the plant diversity in the southwestern Amazon of Brazil. Introduction The PLANAFLORO Project funded botanical expeditions In early 1990, Brazilian Amazon was facing remarkably in different areas of the state to inventory arboreal plants high rates of forest conversion (Laurance et al. -
Cintia Luz.Pdf
Cíntia Luíza da Silva Luz Filogenia e sistemática de Schinus L. (Anacardiaceae), com revisão de um clado endêmico das matas nebulares andinas Phylogeny and systematics of Schinus L. (Anacardiaceae), with revision of a clade endemic to the Andean cloud forests Tese apresentada ao Instituto de Biociências da Universidade de São Paulo, para obtenção de Título de Doutor em Ciências, na Área de Botânica. Orientador: Dr. José Rubens Pirani São Paulo 2017 Luz, Cíntia Luíza da Silva Filogenia e sistemática de Schinus L. (Anacardiaceae), com revisão de um clado endêmico das matas nebulares andinas Número de páginas: 176 Tese (Doutorado) - Instituto de Biociências da Universidade de São Paulo. Departamento de Botânica. 1. Anacardiaceae 2. Schinus 3. Filogenia 4. Taxonomia vegetal I. Universidade de São Paulo. Instituto de Biociências. Departamento de Botânica Comissão julgadora: ______________________________ ______________________________ Prof(a). Dr.(a) Prof(a). Dr.(a) ______________________________ ______________________________ Prof(a). Dr.(a) Prof(a). Dr.(a) _____________________________________ Prof. Dr. José Rubens Pirani Orientador Ao Luciano Luz, pelo entusiasmo botânico, companheirismo e dedicação aos Schinus Esta é a estória. Ia um menino, com os tios, passar dias no lugar onde se construía a grande cidade. Era uma viagem inventada no feliz; para ele, produzia-se em caso de sonho. Saíam ainda com o escuro, o ar fino de cheiros desconhecidos. A mãe e o pai vinham trazê-lo ao aeroporto. A tia e o tio tomavam conta dele, justínhamente. Sorria-se, saudava-se, todos se ouviam e falavam. O avião era da companhia, especial, de quatro lugares. Respondiam-lhe a todas as perguntas, até o piloto conversou com ele. -
Computer Vision Cracks the Leaf Code
Computer vision cracks the leaf code Peter Wilfa,1, Shengping Zhangb,c,1, Sharat Chikkerurd, Stefan A. Littlea,e, Scott L. Wingf, and Thomas Serreb,1 aDepartment of Geosciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802; bDepartment of Cognitive, Linguistic and Psychological Sciences, Brown Institute for Brain Science, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912; cSchool of Computer Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai 264209, Shandong, People’s Republic of China; dAzure Machine Learning, Microsoft, Cambridge, MA 02142; eLaboratoire Ecologie, Systématique et Evolution, Université Paris-Sud, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France; and fDepartment of Paleobiology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20013 Edited by Andrew H. Knoll, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, and approved February 1, 2016 (received for review December 14, 2015) Understanding the extremely variable, complex shape and venation species (15–19), and there is community interest in approaching this characters of angiosperm leaves is one of the most challenging problem through crowd-sourcing of images and machine-identifi- problems in botany. Machine learning offers opportunities to analyze cation contests (see www.imageclef.org). Nevertheless, very few large numbers of specimens, to discover novel leaf features of studies have made use of leaf venation (20, 21), and none has angiosperm clades that may have phylogenetic significance, and to attempted automated learning and classification above the species use those characters to classify unknowns. Previous computer vision level that may reveal characters with evolutionary significance. approaches have primarily focused on leaf identification at the species There is a developing literature on extraction and quantitative level. It remains an open question whether learning and classification analyses of whole-leaf venation networks (22–25). -
Diversity and Distributional Patterns of Aroids (Alismatales: Araceae) Along an Elevational Gradient in Darién, Panama
Webbia Journal of Plant Taxonomy and Geography ISSN: 0083-7792 (Print) 2169-4060 (Online) Journal homepage: https://www.tandfonline.com/loi/tweb20 Diversity and distributional patterns of aroids (Alismatales: Araceae) along an elevational gradient in Darién, Panama Orlando O. Ortiz, María S. de Stapf & Thomas B. Croat To cite this article: Orlando O. Ortiz, María S. de Stapf & Thomas B. Croat (2019): Diversity and distributional patterns of aroids (Alismatales: Araceae) along an elevational gradient in Darién, Panama, Webbia, DOI: 10.1080/00837792.2019.1646465 To link to this article: https://doi.org/10.1080/00837792.2019.1646465 View supplementary material Published online: 28 Aug 2019. Submit your article to this journal View related articles View Crossmark data Full Terms & Conditions of access and use can be found at https://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?journalCode=tweb20 WEBBIA https://doi.org/10.1080/00837792.2019.1646465 ARTICLE Diversity and distributional patterns of aroids (Alismatales: Araceae) along an elevational gradient in Darién, Panama Orlando O. Ortiz a, María S. de Stapfa,b and Thomas B. Croatc aHerbario PMA, Universidad de Panamá, Estafeta Universitaria, Panama City, Panama; bDepartamento de Botánica, Universidad de Panamá, Estafeta Universitaria, Panama City, Panama; cDepartment of Research (Monographs Section), Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO, USA ABSTRACT ARTICLE HISTORY The family Araceae (aroids) represents an ecologically important and diverse group of plants in Received 24 May 2019 Panama, represented by 25 genera, 615 species, of which 277 (45%) are considered endemic. Accepted 18 July 2019 The aim of this study is to analyse the diversity and distributional patterns of aroids along an KEYWORDS fi elevation gradient in the species-rich forests of Darién, Panama. -
Drupe. Fruit with a Hard Endocarp (Figs. 67 and 71-73); E.G., and Sterculiaceae (Helicteres Guazumaefolia, Sterculia)
Fig. 71. Fig. 72. Fig. 73. Drupe. Fruit with a hard endocarp (figs. 67 and 71-73); e.g., and Sterculiaceae (Helicteres guazumaefolia, Sterculia). Anacardiaceae (Spondias purpurea, S. mombin, Mangifera indi- Desmopsis bibracteata (Annonaceae) has aggregate follicles ca, Tapirira), Caryocaraceae (Caryocar costaricense), Chrysobal- with constrictions between successive seeds, similar to those anaceae (Licania), Euphorbiaceae (Hyeronima), Malpighiaceae found in loments. (Byrsonima crispa), Olacaceae (Minquartia guianensis), Sapin- daceae (Meliccocus bijugatus), and Verbenaceae (Vitex cooperi). Samaracetum. Aggregate of samaras (fig. 74); e.g., Aceraceae (Acer pseudoplatanus), Magnoliaceae (Liriodendron tulipifera Hesperidium. Septicidal berry with a thick pericarp (fig. 67). L.), Sapindaceae (Thouinidium dodecandrum), and Tiliaceae Most of the fruit is derived from glandular trichomes. It is (Goethalsia meiantha). typical of the Rutaceae (Citrus). Multiple Fruits Aggregate Fruits Multiple fruits are found along a single axis and are usually coalescent. The most common types follow: Several types of aggregate fruits exist (fig. 74): Bibacca. Double fused berry; e.g., Lonicera. Achenacetum. Cluster of achenia; e.g., the strawberry (Fra- garia vesca). Sorosis. Fruits usually coalescent on a central axis; they derive from the ovaries of several flowers; e.g., Moraceae (Artocarpus Baccacetum or etaerio. Aggregate of berries; e.g., Annonaceae altilis). (Asimina triloba, Cananga odorata, Uvaria). The berries can be aggregate and syncarpic as in Annona reticulata, A. muricata, Syconium. Syncarp with many achenia in the inner wall of a A. pittieri and other species. hollow receptacle (fig. 74); e.g., Ficus. Drupacetum. Aggregate of druplets; e.g., Bursera simaruba THE GYMNOSPERM FRUIT (Burseraceae). Fertilization stimulates the growth of young gynostrobiles Folliacetum. Aggregate of follicles; e.g., Annonaceae which in species such as Pinus are more than 1 year old.