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Current Affairs August 2020 VISION IAS www.visionias.in CURRENT AFFAIRS AUGUST 2020 Copyright © by Vision IAS All rights are reserved. No part of this document may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior permission of Vision IAS. 1 www.visionias.in ©Vision IAS Table of Contents 1. POLITY AND CONSTITUTION ___________ 4 5.10. Boreal Summer Intra Seasonal Oscillation ______________________________________ 53 1.1. Article 370 __________________________ 4 5.11. Mangrove Ecosystem ________________ 53 1.2. Contempt of Court ____________________ 7 5.12. Snow Leopard ______________________ 56 1.3. Sub-categorization of Other Backward Classes (OBCs) ___________________________ 9 6. SOCIAL ISSUES ______________________ 58 1.4. Demand for Sixth Schedule status _______ 12 6.1. Rethinking Social Security _____________ 58 1.5. National Recruitment Agency __________ 14 6.2. National Digital Health Mission (NDHM) _ 59 6.2.1. Draft Health Data Management Policy ____ 62 2. INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS __________ 16 6.3. National Council for Transgender Persons 63 2.1. India-Maldives Bilateral Relations _______ 16 6.4. Tribal Health And Nutrition ____________ 65 2.2. India-Vietnam _______________________ 17 6.5. Menstrual Leave _____________________ 66 2.3. Abraham Accord _____________________ 19 6.6. Child Labour ________________________ 68 2.4. Supply Chain Resilience Initiative (SCRI) __ 21 6.7. Students’ Learning Enhancement Guidelines 3. ECONOMY _________________________ 23 ______________________________________ 70 3.1. National Strategy for Financial Education 6.8. Remote Learning Reachability Report ____ 71 (NSFE) 2020-2025 _______________________ 23 6.9. Swachh Survekshan 2020 ______________ 72 3.2. Rules of Origin ______________________ 25 7. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY ____________ 74 3.3. Transparent Taxation – ‘Honouring the Honest' Platform ________________________ 27 7.1. DNA Technology (Use and Application) Regulation Bill, 2019 _____________________ 74 3.4. Export Preparedness Index (EPI) 2020 ___ 28 7.2. International Thermonuclear Experimental 3.5. Agricultural Exports __________________ 31 Reactor (ITER) __________________________ 75 3.6. Agriculture Infrastructure Fund (AIF) ____ 33 8. CULTURE ___________________________ 78 3.7. Agricultural Education ________________ 34 8.1. Lingaraj Temple _____________________ 78 4. SECURITY __________________________ 37 9. ETHICS _____________________________ 79 4.1. Draft Defence Production and Export 9.1. Vaccine Development and Distribution __ 79 Promotion Policy (DPEPP) 2020 ____________ 37 10. SCHEMES IN NEWS __________________ 81 4.2. National Intelligence Grid (NATGRID) ____ 38 10.1. Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana __________ 81 5. ENVIRONMENT _____________________ 40 10.2. AMRUT Scheme ____________________ 81 5.1. Agrometeorology in India _____________ 40 11. NEWS IN SHORTS ___________________ 83 5.2. Protected Agricultural Zone ____________ 41 11.1. NCC expansion ________________________ 83 5.3. Emission Norms for Thermal Power Plants 42 11.2. ARIIA 2020 ___________________________ 83 11.3. 2nd Edition of Student Entrepreneurship 5.4. Carbon Capture, Utilisation & Storage (CCUS) Programme (SEP) __________________________ 83 ______________________________________ 44 11.4. Gramodyog Vikas Yojana _______________ 83 5.5. Urban Forestry ______________________ 46 11.5. National GIS-enabled Land Bank System launched by Ministry of Commerce and Industry _ 83 5.6. Sea Level Rise _______________________ 47 11.6. Kavkaz 2020 __________________________ 84 11.7. One Sun, One World, One Grid (OSOWOG) 5.7. Landslides __________________________ 49 Initiative _________________________________ 84 5.8. Floods in Bihar and Assam _____________ 50 11.8. Nationally Determined Contributions- Transport Initiative for Asia (NDC- TIA) _________ 84 5.9. Flash Droughts ______________________ 52 11.9. Agriculture Machinery Emissions _________ 84 2 www.visionias.in ©Vision IAS 11.10. India Water Resources Information System 85 11.22. COVID-19 Biorepositories ______________ 87 11.11. Harit Path ___________________________ 85 11.23. Indo-US Virtual Networks for COVID-19 ___ 87 11.12. South Atlantic Anomoly _______________ 85 11.24. Centre for Bio-Pharma Analysis _________ 88 11.13. Earth’s inner core ____________________ 85 11.25. UK launches £3 million innovation challenge 11.14. Mount Sinabung Volcano ______________ 86 fund in India ______________________________ 88 11.15. Mauritius Struggles To Contain Oil Spill ___ 86 11.26. World Health Organization (WHO) certified 11.16. Swachh Bharat Mission Academy (SBMA) African regionfree of wild polio _______________ 88 launched by Ministry of Jal Shakti _____________ 86 11.27. Dr Vikram Sarabhai ___________________ 88 11.17. Trifood Project of Tribal Cooperative 11.28. Dwarf Planet Ceres given status of an “ocean Marketing Development Federation of India (TRIFED) world” ___________________________________ 89 ________________________________________ 86 11.29. Chemosynthesis aids Microbes survival ___ 89 11.18. Fit India Youth Clubs __________________ 87 11.30. Swadeshi Microprocessor Challenge- Innovate 11.19. India's First International Women's Trade Solutions for Aatmanirbhar Bharat ____________ 89 Centre ___________________________________ 87 11.31. Super apps __________________________ 89 11.20. World's 'first' COVID-19 vaccine out in Russia 11.32. Warli Paintings ______________________ 89 ________________________________________ 87 11.33. Nuakhai Juhar _______________________ 90 11.21. PAN-India 1000 Genome sequencing of SARS- 11.34. Thumbimahotsavam 2020 _____________ 90 CoV-2 completed successfully ________________ 87 11.35. World Urdu Conference _______________ 90 3 www.visionias.in ©Vision IAS 1. POLITY AND CONSTITUTION 1.1. ARTICLE 370 Why in news? August marks one year since the abrogation of Articles 370 and 35A and the administrative reorganization of Jammu and Kashmir. Background • In 1948, Indian Government signed Treaty of Accession with ruler of Kashmir to provide Kashmir protection from Pakistan’s aggression. Post signing of Treaty of Accession, Article 370 was inserted in the part XXI of the Constitution that proclaimed it to be "Temporary, Transitional and Special Provision" and provided for a special status to Jammu and Kashmir (J&K). • As per the Article, the centre needed the state government's concurrence to apply laws — except in defence, foreign affairs, finance and communications. • Also, the state's residents lived under a separate set of laws, such as those Petitions related to Article 370 revocation in Supreme Court (SC) related to citizenship, ownership of • Challenge to abrogation of Article 370 property, separate penal code and o Petitions challenging the abrogation of Article 370 of the fundamental rights, as compared to Constitution, are pending in the SC. o Any significant hearing is yet to take place. other Indian citizens. • Petitions against lockdown and for restoring 4G services: o Article 35A of the Indian Constitution o Petitions were filed in the Supreme Court against restrictions gave powers to the Jammu and imposed on internet services and communication lines. Kashmir Assembly to define o SC declared access to internet a fundamental right and asked permanent residents of the state, the government to review such restrictions and look into their special rights and privileges. restoration of 4G services. • In August 2019, President of India promulgated Constitution (Application to Jammu and Kashmir) Order, 2019 which stated that provisions of the Indian Constitution were applicable in the State. • This effectively meant that all the provisions that formed the basis of a separate Constitution for Jammu and Kashmir stand abrogated. With this, Article 35A was scrapped automatically. • Also Jammu and Kashmir Reorganization Act, 2019 was passed by the Parliament, which re-organized J&K into two Union Territories (UTs)- o J&K division with a legislative assembly o UT of Ladakh without a legislative assembly. Analyzing developments since abrogation of Article 370 Developments Analysis Measures were taken by the Central • Development in the region has the potential to increase government for transformational investments in the region, boost industrial growth, create job development in the J&K region: opportunities, decrease militancy and strengthen its • In January 2020, Central government economy. granted a package of Rs 80,000 crore o As per Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) data, as many as for development works in J&K. 168 Memorandum of Understandings (MoU) worth • The Road Transport & Highways ₹13,600 crores have already been signed for investments ministry is currently engaged in in J&K. completing a series of projects in o According to a report by MHA, terror-related activities Kashmir region, including -Srinagar- have reduced by around 36% in the valley after the Jammu-Lakhanpur highway; the abrogation of Article 370. Qazigund-Banihal tunnel and Srinagar o Also there has been a 40% decrease of involvement of ring road. local youth in terrorist organizations. Legislative changes: Out of 354 State laws Several Critical legislations passed by the Government of India are in the erstwhile Jammu and Kashmir, 164 now applicable in J&K: 4 www.visionias.in ©Vision IAS laws have been repealed, 138 laws modified • Laws for transparency and accountability in governance: E.g. while 170 central laws have been made Right to Information Act, 2005 and Whistle
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