Custom, Law and John Company in Kumaon
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UC Berkeley Room One Thousand
UC Berkeley Room One Thousand Title Kingship, Buddhism and the Forging of a Region Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8vn4g2jd Journal Room One Thousand, 3(3) ISSN 2328-4161 Author Hawkes, Jason Publication Date 2015 Peer reviewed eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California Jason Hawkes Kingship, Buddhism and the MedievalForging Pilgrimage of a inRegion West Nepal West Nepal provides a unique space to think about pilgrimage in the past. For many centuries, this central Himalayan region lay at the fringes of neighboring states. During the 13th century CE, the Khasa Malla dynasty established a kingdom here with seasonal capitals at Sinja and Dullu, which soon grew to encompass the entire region as well as parts of India and Tibet (Adhikary 1997; Pandey 1997) (Figure 1). With these developments, the region became a key zone of interaction. Capitalizing on pre-existing routes and connections, it connected India to the Silk Road, and provided a conduit for the spread and survival of Indian Buddhism. Pilgrimage would have been an important component of the movement of people and ideas within and across the region— interactions that shaped the socio-cultural and economic dynamics of the area. However, due to its liminal position, the study of West Nepal has been neglected in favor of more ‘important’ neighboring regions. As such, we have only n outline understanding of pilgrimage and the societal framework within which it took place. The monuments built during the reign of the Khasa Malla provide tantalizing clues that can be used to study pilgrimage and the movement Figure 1 243 Jason Hawkes of people and ideas in the Himalaya. -
Tools for Measurement of Resilience in Nepal
DELIVERED THROUGH TH E EXPERT ADVISORY CA LL- DOWN SERVICE (EAC D S) L O T B : STRENGTHENING RESILIENCE AND RESPONSE TO CRISES TOOLS FOR MEASUREMENT OF RESILIENCE IN NEPAL LITERATURE REVIEW NICK BROOKS, DAMIEN FAGET & PETER HEIJKOOP March 2019 IMPLEMENTING PARTNER S SERVICE IMPLEMENTATI O N B Y GARAMA 3C LTD & IMC WORLDWIDE A DAI CONSORTIUM EXPERT ADVISORY CALL DOWN SERVICE – L O T B STRENGTHENING RESILIENCE AND RESPONSE TO CRISES THE SERVICE Through the Lot B: Resilience service, DAI offers rapid response, high quality support to UK Government and other donors, across a wide range of development and humanitarian challenges. We offer support for risk informed design for development interventions across all sectors; risk and contingency financing; understanding changing systems; and strategic integration of humanitarian action and development. We offer a clear process for users that draws upon a well-established network of relevant expertise provided through over 60 consortium partners. We are able to build strong practical partnerships for rapid and responsive delivery through: A dedicated, easy-to-access Secretariat to manage new enquiries and assure delivery Consistent end-to-end quality assurance A user friendly, customer-oriented outlook A pro-active approach to knowledge sharing and communication A focus on due diligence, efficiency and cost effectiveness. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS AND DISCLAIMER This document has been produced by Garama 3C Ltd and IMC Worldwide with the assistance of the [name of Funding Organisation] contracted through the EACDS Lot B service ‘Strengthening resilience and response to crises’, managed by DAI Europe Ltd. under contract to the UK Department for International Development (DFID). -
EFFECTIVENESS of FUND ALLOCATION and SPENDING for the NATIONAL RURAL HEALTH MISSION in UTTARAKHAND, INDIA Block and Facility Report
EFFECTIVENESS OF FUND ALLOCATION AND SPENDING FOR THE NATIONAL RURAL HEALTH MISSION IN UTTARAKHAND, INDIA Block and Facility Report March 2014 HEALTH POLICY PROJECT The Health Policy Project is a five-year cooperative agreement funded by the U.S. Agency for International Development under Agreement No. AID-OAA-A-10-00067, beginning September 30, 2010. The project’s HIV activities are supported by the U.S. President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR). It is implemented by Futures Group, in collaboration with CEDPA (part of Plan International USA), Futures Institute, Partners in Population and Development, Africa Regional Office (PPD ARO), Population Reference Bureau (PRB), RTI International, and the White Ribbon Alliance for Safe Motherhood (WRA). Effectiveness of Fund Allocation and Spending for the National Rural Health Mission in Uttarakhand, India Block and Facility Report The document was prepared by Catherine Barker, Alexander Paxton, Ashish Mishra, and Arin Dutta of the Health Policy Project, and Ayusmati Das and Jay Prakash of the Policy Unit, NIHFW. MARCH 2014 CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS .............................................................................................................iv EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .............................................................................................................. v Phase 2 Study Findings ............................................................................................................................. v Recommendations ................................................................................................................................... -
UNIT 3 MARRIAGE Family
UNIT 3 MARRIAGE Family Contents 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Theoretical Part of which the Ethnography Notes on Love in a Tamil Family is an Example 3.3 Description of the Ethnography 3.3.1 Intellectual Context 3.3.2 Fieldwork 3.3.3 Analysis of Data 3.3.4 Conclusion 3.4 How does the Ethnography Advance our Understanding 3.5 Theoretical Part of which the Ethnography Himalayan Polyandry: Structure, Functioning and Culture Change: A Field Study of Jaunsar- Bawar is an Example 3.6 Description of the Ethnography 3.6.1 Intellectual Context 3.6.2 Fieldwork 3.6.3 Analysis of Data 3.6.4 Conclusion 3.7 How does the Ethnography Advance our Understanding 3.8 Summary References Suggested Reading Sample Questions Learning Objectives & After reading this unit, you will be able to understand the: Ø concept of cross-cousin marriage in South India; and Ø polyandry among the Jaunsar-Bawar. 3.1 INTRODUCTION Throughout the world, marriage is an institutional arrangement between persons, generally males and females, who recognise each other as husband and wife or intimate partners. Marriage is a human social institution and assumes some permanence and conformity to societal norms. Anthropologist William Stephens said marriage is (1) a socially legitimate sexual union, begun with (2) a public announcement, undertaken with (3) some idea of performance, and assumed with a more or less explicit (4) marriage contract, which spells out reciprocal obligations between spouses and between spouses and their children (Stephens, 1963). For the most part, these same normative conditions exist today, although many marriage-like relationships are not defined by everyone as socially legitimate, are not begun with any type of announcement, are not entered into 37 Kinship, Family and with the idea of permanence, and do not always have clearly defined contracts (written Marriage or non-written) as to what behaviours are expected. -
Poetry and History: Bengali Maṅgal-Kābya and Social Change in Precolonial Bengal David L
Western Washington University Western CEDAR A Collection of Open Access Books and Books and Monographs Monographs 2008 Poetry and History: Bengali Maṅgal-kābya and Social Change in Precolonial Bengal David L. Curley Western Washington University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://cedar.wwu.edu/cedarbooks Part of the Near Eastern Languages and Societies Commons Recommended Citation Curley, David L., "Poetry and History: Bengali Maṅgal-kābya and Social Change in Precolonial Bengal" (2008). A Collection of Open Access Books and Monographs. 5. https://cedar.wwu.edu/cedarbooks/5 This Book is brought to you for free and open access by the Books and Monographs at Western CEDAR. It has been accepted for inclusion in A Collection of Open Access Books and Monographs by an authorized administrator of Western CEDAR. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Table of Contents Acknowledgements. 1. A Historian’s Introduction to Reading Mangal-Kabya. 2. Kings and Commerce on an Agrarian Frontier: Kalketu’s Story in Mukunda’s Candimangal. 3. Marriage, Honor, Agency, and Trials by Ordeal: Women’s Gender Roles in Candimangal. 4. ‘Tribute Exchange’ and the Liminality of Foreign Merchants in Mukunda’s Candimangal. 5. ‘Voluntary’ Relationships and Royal Gifts of Pan in Mughal Bengal. 6. Maharaja Krsnacandra, Hinduism and Kingship in the Contact Zone of Bengal. 7. Lost Meanings and New Stories: Candimangal after British Dominance. Index. Acknowledgements This collection of essays was made possible by the wonderful, multidisciplinary education in history and literature which I received at the University of Chicago. It is a pleasure to thank my living teachers, Herman Sinaiko, Ronald B. -
In the Name of Krishna: the Cultural Landscape of a North Indian Pilgrimage Town
In the Name of Krishna: The Cultural Landscape of a North Indian Pilgrimage Town A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA BY Sugata Ray IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Frederick M. Asher, Advisor April 2012 © Sugata Ray 2012 Acknowledgements They say writing a dissertation is a lonely and arduous task. But, I am fortunate to have found friends, colleagues, and mentors who have inspired me to make this laborious task far from arduous. It was Frederick M. Asher, my advisor, who inspired me to turn to places where art historians do not usually venture. The temple city of Khajuraho is not just the exquisite 11th-century temples at the site. Rather, the 11th-century temples are part of a larger visuality that extends to contemporary civic monuments in the city center, Rick suggested in the first class that I took with him. I learnt to move across time and space. To understand modern Vrindavan, one would have to look at its Mughal past; to understand temple architecture, one would have to look for rebellions in the colonial archive. Catherine B. Asher gave me the gift of the Mughal world – a world that I only barely knew before I met her. Today, I speak of the Islamicate world of colonial Vrindavan. Cathy walked me through Mughal mosques, tombs, and gardens on many cold wintry days in Minneapolis and on a hot summer day in Sasaram, Bihar. The Islamicate Krishna in my dissertation thus came into being. -
Champawat District Champawat District at a Glance
For Restricted/Official Use only Government of India Ministry of Water Resources Central Ground Water Board Uttaranchal Region May 2009 Dehradun GROUNDWATER BROCHURE, CHAMPAWAT DISTRICT CHAMPAWAT DISTRICT AT A GLANCE S.No Items Statistics 1 GENERAL INFORMATION (i) Geographical area (Sq km) 1955.26 (ii) Population (as on 2001 census) 224542 (iii) Average Annual Rainfall (mm) 1085.62 (iv) Annual Rainfall (mm) for the 1747.00 year 2007 2 GEOMORPHOLOGY Major physiographic units High denudational mountains, river valleys and Bhabar zone. Major drainage Ladhiya, Sarju, Kali river and tributaries like Lohawathi, Panar, Ratiya, Gandhak etc. 3 LAND USE (ha) 238636 (a) Forest 122200 (b) Net Sown area 27362 (c) Area Sown more than once 17206 (d) Cultivable Barren area 15273 4 MAJOR SOIL TYPES Dystric Eutrochrepts, Typic Udorthents, Lithic Udorthents, Typic Dystrochrepts 5 AREA UNDER PRINCIPAL CROPS (ha) 54359.0 6 IRRIGATION BY DIFFERENT Hydrums: 12 SOURCES (numbers of structures Hauz: 349 and area) Guls: 235 Tube wells/bore wells Deep TW: 06, Shallow TW: 628 Tube wells/bore wells (Govt.) 12/728 Tanks/Ponds (ha) 488 Canals (Length km)/irrigated area 229.7/759 (ha) Other sources 196 Net Irrigated area (ha) 2171 Gross Irrigated area (ha) 3541 7 NOS OF GROUNDWATER MONITORING WELLS OF CGWB No. of Dug wells One (Tanakpur) No. of Hand Pumps Two (Banbasa and Bastia) No. of Piezometers Nil 8 PREDOMINANT GEOLOGICAL Rocks of Siwalik Group, Ramgarh Group, Almora FORMATIONS Group, and Bhabar formation. 9 HYDROGEOLOGY Major water bearing formations Weathered rocks of Siwalik Group, Ramgarh Group, Almora Group, and Bhabar formation. i Depth to Water Level Range: (Different hydrogeological terrain) Pre-monsoon: (2007) m bgl 5.48 to 73.78 m bgl Post-monsoon: (2007) m bgl 4.63 to 71.26 m bgl 10 GROUNDWATER EXPLORATION BY CGWB (As on 31/03/2008) No. -
Himachal Karam Singh H
Scholarship Sanctioned during 2009-10 under the Scheme Merit-Cum-Means, Post Matric & Pre- Matric Scholarship to the candidates belonging to Minority Communities (1) List of 33 Students to whom Scholarship Sanctioned under Merit-Cum- Means Scholarship. Sl. Name of student Name & address ot Course Amount of scholarship (in Bank No. the institution in Rs.) Draft Date favour of draft to be No. made Maintenance Course Total Allowance Fee Abida Shah D/o 2784448 24-5-10 Registrar, Institutes Sh. Abdul Gani of Management 1 Shah H. No. 24/15 MBA 5000 20000 25000 Studies HP Lowere Bazar University Shimla-5 Shimla Heena Naz D/o 174326 24-5-10 Principal IITT Sh. Mohd. Shakeel College of 2 H. No. 252 Ward B.Tech. 5000 20000 25000 Engineering Kala No. 1Charzan Amb Sirmour Street Nahan Rukhsar D/o Sh. Principal Mata Bala 174327 24-5-10 Sabir Ali H. No. Sundri College of 3 LLB 5000 20000 25000 269/9 Katcha Legal Studeis Shimla Tank Nahan Road Nahan Aman S/o Sh. 174328 24-5-10 Principal IITT Abdul Latif H. No. College of 4 3177/12 Katcha B.Tech. 5000 20000 25000 Engineering Kala Tank Nahan Distt Amb Sirmour Sirmour Israna D/o Sh. Principal Himalyan 174329 24-5-10 Nazim Ali Vill Group of 5 Toka PO Professioinal Institute M.B.A. 5000 20000 25000 Jamniwala Distt. Kala Amb Distt Sirmour Sirmour Talib Hussain S/o 174330 24-5-10 Sh. Hashim Ali Principal Jawaharlal Mand Miani PO Nehru Government 6 B.Tech. 5000 20000 25000 Mand Manjwa Engineering College Indora Kangra - Sundernagar Mandi 176403 Israil S/o Sh. -
Linguistics Development Team
Development Team Principal Investigator: Prof. Pramod Pandey Centre for Linguistics / SLL&CS Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi Email: [email protected] Paper Coordinator: Prof. K. S. Nagaraja Department of Linguistics, Deccan College Post-Graduate Research Institute, Pune- 411006, [email protected] Content Writer: Prof. K. S. Nagaraja Prof H. S. Ananthanarayana Content Reviewer: Retd Prof, Department of Linguistics Osmania University, Hyderabad 500007 Paper : Historical and Comparative Linguistics Linguistics Module : Indo-Aryan Language Family Description of Module Subject Name Linguistics Paper Name Historical and Comparative Linguistics Module Title Indo-Aryan Language Family Module ID Lings_P7_M1 Quadrant 1 E-Text Paper : Historical and Comparative Linguistics Linguistics Module : Indo-Aryan Language Family INDO-ARYAN LANGUAGE FAMILY The Indo-Aryan migration theory proposes that the Indo-Aryans migrated from the Central Asian steppes into South Asia during the early part of the 2nd millennium BCE, bringing with them the Indo-Aryan languages. Migration by an Indo-European people was first hypothesized in the late 18th century, following the discovery of the Indo-European language family, when similarities between Western and Indian languages had been noted. Given these similarities, a single source or origin was proposed, which was diffused by migrations from some original homeland. This linguistic argument is supported by archaeological and anthropological research. Genetic research reveals that those migrations form part of a complex genetical puzzle on the origin and spread of the various components of the Indian population. Literary research reveals similarities between various, geographically distinct, Indo-Aryan historical cultures. The Indo-Aryan migrations started in approximately 1800 BCE, after the invention of the war chariot, and also brought Indo-Aryan languages into the Levant and possibly Inner Asia. -
History of the Gurkhas
Sheet 2 History of the Gurkhas Gurkhas have been part of the British Army for almost 200 years, but who are these brave fighters? Gurkhas are people from Nepal. According to a legend, they got their name from a warrior saint, Guru Gorkhanath, who lived 1200 years ago. He had predicted that his people would become world famous for their bravery. The word Gurkha also comes from the name of a city, Gorkha, in western Nepal. Britain tried to invade Nepal when it was trying to conquer the northern parts of India. The British soldiers had fine rifles whilst the Ghurkas were armed only with their traditional knives called Kukris. But the Nepali soldiers were such courageous and clever fighters that the British soldiers could not defeat them, After six months of fighting, Britain decided to make peace with Nepal. The British army began to recruit Gurkha soldiers because they wanted them to fight on their side. Since that day, the Ghurkas have fought alongside British troops in every battle across the world. Nepal became a strong ally of Britain. One hundred thousand Gurkhas fought in the First World War. They fought and died in the battlefields of France in the Loos, Givenchy, Neuve Chapelle and Ypres as well as many other countries. Again the whole of the Nepali army fought for Britain during the Second World War. There were 250,000 Gurkha in total. The were used by the British to put down revolts in India. Gurkhas fought in Syria, North Africa, Italy, Greece and against the Japanese in Singapore and in the jungles of Burma. -
Kumaun Histories and Kumauni Identities C.1815–1990'S
Research Articles Kumaun Histories and Kumauni Identities c.1815–1990’s Vasudha Pande* The emergence of ‘History’ as a practice and as a fauna, geography, religious beliefs and caste practices. discipline, which transformed inherited oral traditions Atkinson’s understanding of the history of the region into textual products, has to be located in the modern was foundational and continues to resonate in histories of period.1I. Chambers says that history transcribed all Kumaun even today. It may be summarised as follows:- human practice- ‘it registered, transmitted and translated the original residents of the hills were the Dasyus, also the past, and it reordered and rewrote the world.’2The referred to as Doms, (aboriginal) ‘the Doms in the hills discipline, as it emerged in Europe, was predicated are not a local race peculiar to Kumaun, but the remains upon an understanding of the past as a period when of an aboriginal tribe conquered and enslaved by the men were not free, whereas the ‘modern’ present was immigrant Khasas.’7The Khasas were of, ‘an Aryan considered emancipatory because in modernity, ‘identity descent in the widest sense of that term much modified becomes more mobile, multiple, personal, self-reflexive by local influences, but whether they are to be attributed and subject to change and innovation.’3 The modern was to the Vedic immigration itself or to an earlier or later therefore understood as rupture, which made the writing movement of tribes having a similar origin, there is little of history possible.4 The extension of this project to the to show. It is probable, however, that they belong to a colonies also generated a history of the colonial peoples. -
La”Kksf/Kr Vkns”K
la”kksf/kr vkns”k Incident Response System (IRS) for District Disaster Management in District Pithoragarh vkink izcU/ku vf/kfu;e 2005 v/;k; IV dh /kkjk 28 dh mi/kkjk 01 ds vUrxZr o`ºr vkinkvksa ds nkSjku tuin fiFkkSjkx<+ esa vkink izcU/ku izkf/kdj.k ds vUrxZr iwoZ esa xfBr fuEuor Incident Response System (IRS) dks fuEu izdkj leLr vkinkvksa gsrq fØ;kfUor fd;k tkrk gSaA S.N. Position of IRS Nomination in IRS 1. Responsible Officer (RO) District Magistrate (DM) Pithoragarh 05964-225301,225441, 9410392121, 7579162221 1.1 Deputy Responsible Officer (DRO) ADM/CDO/ Officer Next to DM 2.0 COMMAND STAFF (CS) 2.1 Incident Commander (IC) Superintendent of Police (SP) Pithoragarh 05964-225539, 225023, 9411112082 2.2 Information & Media Officer (IMO) District Information Officer (DIO) Pithoragarh, 05964-225549, 9568171372, 9412908675 NIC Officer Pithoragarh 05964-224162, 228017, 9412952098 2.3 Liaison Officer (LO) District Disaster Management Officer (DDMO) 05964-226326,228050, 9412079945, 8476903864 SDM (Sadar) Pithoragarh 05964-225950, 9411112595 2.4 Safety Officer (SO) SO Police 05964-225238, 9411112888 SDO forest 9410156299 FSO Pithoragarh as per Specific Requirement 05964-225314, 9411305686 3.0 OPERATION SECTION (OS) 3.1 Operation Section Chief (OSC) SP Pithoragarh 9411112082 DSP Pithoragarh 9411111955 DFO Pithoragarh (For Forst Fire) 05964-225234, 225390, 9410503638 CMO Pithoragarh (For Epidemics) 05964-225142,225504, 9837972600, 7310801479 3.2.1 Staging Area Manager (SAM) CO Police Pithoragarh 05964-225539, 225410, 941111955 RI Police line