DOCSLIB.ORG

Five Species of Genus Trametes New to District Haridwar (Uttarakhand), India

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Five Species of Genus Trametes New to District Haridwar (Uttarakhand), India INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC & TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH VOLUME 9, ISSUE 01, JANUARY 2020 ISSN 2277-8616 Five Species of Genus Trametes New to District Haridwar (Uttarakhand), India Nina Jain, Gurpaul Singh Dhingra, Richa Shri Abstract - An account of five species of genus Trametes (T. cingulata, T. leonina, T. menziesii, T. pubescens and T. marianna) has been given here. All these species are being described for the first time from district Haridwar (Uttarakhand). Of these, T. leonina and T. menziesii are new records for the state of Uttarakhand. Keywords - Basidiomycota, Haridwar, Polyporaceae, Species, Trametes, Taxonomy, Uttarakhand. ________________ ________________ 1 INTRODUCTION *** then dried in the Sun. The dried basidiocarps were then Genus Trametes Fr. (Family Polyporaceae, Order packed in brown paper packets/zip lock polythene bags with 1, Polyporales, Class Agaricomycetes, Phylum 3-Dichlorobenzene crystals in order to save the specimens Basidiomycota) is characterized by pileate, sessile to from insects, worms etc. substipitate, dimidiate to fan shaped, solitary to imbricate basidiocarps; hispid to glabrous, often zonate abhymenial 2.2 MICROSCOPY surface; whitish to cream to pale grey poroid hymenial surface; Details of the various taxonomically important microscopic trimitic hyphal system; clamped generative hyphae; tortuous, structures such as skeletal hyphae, binding hyphae, solid binding hyphae; straight, thick-walled to solid skeletal generative hyphae, basidia, basidiospores etc. of the hyphae; absence of cystidia and ellipsoid to allantoid to collected basidiocarps were studied by making free hand cylindrical, smooth, thin-walled, inamyloid basidiospores. sections and crush mounts in water as well as 3% and 5% There are 50 known species of Trametes worldwide KOH solutions, followed by their staining in 1% Congo red in according to “The Dictionary of Fungi” [1] and 156 species distilled water and 1% Pholxine in distilled water. The amyloid according to mycobank [2]. This paper provides detailed and cyanophilous reactions were observed using Melzer’s macroscopic and microscopic account of five species (T. reagent (0.5 g Iodine, 1.5 g Potassium iodide, 20 g Chloral cingulata, T. leonina, T. menziesii, T. pubescens and T. hydrate and 20 ml distilled water) and 1% Cotton blue in marianna) of this genus. All these species have been lactophenol respectively. All the microscopic observations collected from tropical localities of district Haridwar were made using a compound light microscope with 10x × (Uttarakhand) and are new records for the study area. Of 10x, 10x × 40x and 10x × 100x eye piece and objective lens these, T. leonina and T. menziesii are being reported for the combinations. Line diagrams of various microscopic first time from the state of Uttarakhand. Earlier workers have structures observed were drawn with the help of a camera reported 15 species of this genus from state of Uttarakhand, lucida mounted on compound microscope at 1000x of which 12 are from different districts in the Garhwal Division. magnification (oil immersion lens). Microphotographs of It is pertinent to mention here that it is the first report of this taxonomically important structures were also taken using genus from district Haridwar. The colour standards used are Nikon–80iEclips and Leica–DM4000B microscopes. A according to Methuen’s Handbook of colours by Kornerup and detailed description pertaining to macroscopy and microscopy Wanscher, edition III (1978) [3]. of each specimen was made followed by comparison of these details with published literature or the type material for 2 MATERIALS AND METHODS identification. The identified basidiocarps were packed in The present study is based on 12 collections made from bond paper envelops carrying a standard herbarium label with different localities of district Haridwar (Uttarakhand) during the requisite information and were deposited at the internationally fungal forays conducted in the monsoon months of year 2015- recognized herbarium of Department of Botany, Punjabi 2016. University, Patiala, having the abbreviation PUN. 2.1 MACROSCOPY 3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The basidocarps were carefully collected along with a portion The present work provides a detailed macroscopic and of the substrate with the help of chisel and hammer. microscopic information of five species of genus Trametes (T. Information regarding the host, locality, date of collection, type cingulata, T. leonina, T. menziesii, T. pubescens and T. of abhymenial surface, colour, margins, type of hymenial marianna) along with identification key, photographs, surface, number per mm and shape of pores, type of context microphotographs, line diagrams and information regarding and tube layers etc., were noted carefully with the help of a locality and host, based on 12 collections from district hand lens. A moist piece of the basidiocarp was then used to Haridwar (Uttarakhand). All these species are being take the spore print on a glass slide. These basidiocarps were described for the first time from district Haridwar (Uttarakhand). Of these, T. leonina and T. menziesii are new records for the state of Uttarakhand. * Department of Botany, Punjabi University, Patiala-147002, Punjab, India. E [email protected] * KEY TO THE SPECIES Department of Botany, Punjabi University, Patiala-147002, Punjab, 1. Pilear surface glabrous………………………………………2 India. * Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, 1. Pilear surface velutinate to hispid ………………………….4 Punjabi University, Patiala-147002, Punjab, India. 2. Pores round, regular with entire dissepiments …………….3 4123 IJSTR©2020 www.ijstr.org INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC & TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH VOLUME 9, ISSUE 01, JANUARY 2020 ISSN 2277-8616 2. Pores round to angular becoming sinuous to daedaloid in Haridwar. Previously, it has been reported from Uttarakhand parts……………………..........................................T. menziesii by Roy and De 1996 (Nainital) [4] and Sharma 2012 3. Pilear surface dull, with greyish black to sooty black areas (Pithoragarh) [5]. spreading from the base; spores broadly ellipsoid (4.6-5.8 × 2.8-3.6 µm)……………………………………………T. cingulata 3. Pilear surface semiglossy, pale ochraceous to tan coloured without any sooty black areas; spores narrowly ellipsoid to cylindrical (4.9-6.5 × 2.1-2.5 µm) ………………….T. marianna 4. Pilear surface zonate, with almost unicolour zones, velutinate to hirsute; pores 3-4 per mm, round to angular, not irpiciform at maturity……………………………... T. pubescens 4. Pilear surface azonate, densly strigose to hispid; pores 1-2 per mm, irpiciform with age………....………………...T. leonina TAXONOMIC DESCRIPTIONS 1. Trametes cingulata Berk., Hooker's Journal of Botany and Kew Garden Miscellany 6: 164, 1854. (Plate-1. Figs. A-M) Basidiocarps annual, pileate, solitary to imbricate, sessile to substipitate; pilei applanate, flabelliform to dimidiate, attached to the substrate by disc, sometimes fuse laterally, coriaceous when collected, hard on drying, up to 7.3 cm wide, 6.2 cm long and 0.5 cm thick near the base; stipe cylindrical, attached to the substrate by a disc, yellowish white when collected, not changing much on drying, up to 1 cm long and 0.5 cm wide; abhymenial surface glabrous, finely concentrically zonate, sulcate, dull, smooth to tuberculate, creamish yellow to greyish black to sooty black when collected not changing much on drying; hymenial surface poroid, with a silky sheen on tilting, creamish white when collected, brownish orange to light brown to greyish brown on drying; pores round, regular, 5-6 per mm; dissepiments entire, thick; context homogenous, sometimes with bands near the base, orange white to greyish orange, up to 3.5 mm thick; pore tubes up to 2 mm long, concolorous with the hymenial surface; margins acute to obtuse, entire, regular to wavy, sterile up to 1 mm, concolorous with the pore surface. Hyphal system trimitic. Skeletal hyphae thick-walled to solid, aseptate, unbranched, of varying width, slightly wavy to more or less straight, subhyaline, up to 5 µm wide. Binding hyphae thick- walled with narrow lumen, aseptate, branched, somewhat curved, with long or short branches, subhyaline, up to 3.6 µm wide. Generative hyphae thin-walled, septate, clamped, branched, subhyaline, up to 2.2 µm wide. Basidia 15.7-22.2 × 5.7-7.2 µm, clavate with long narrow base, thin-walled, clamped at the base, subhyaline, with oily contents, 4- sterigmate, sterigmata up to 5 µm long. Basidiospores 4.6-5.8 × 2.8-3.6 µm, broadly ellipsoid, smooth, thin-walled, Plate-1. Figs. A-M. Trametes cingulata. Figs. A-D. subhyaline, with oily contents, inamyloid, acyanophilus. Basidiocarp (A: Attachment with the host; B: Abhymenial Collections examined: Uttarakhand: Haridwar, Gaurikhata, surface; C: Hymenial surface; D: Pores). Figs. E-H. Chiriapur (log depot-1), on dead decaying log of Shorea Microphotographs (E: Spores; F: Skeletal hyphae; G: robusta, Nina 10192 (PUN), September 5, 2015; Haridwar, Generative hyphae; H: Binding hyphae). Figs. I-M. Chilla range, on dead decaying stump of Dalbergia sisso, Microscopic structures (I: Spores; J: Basidia; K: Binding Nina 10193 (PUN), September 8, 2015; Haridwar, on way to hyphae; L: Generative hyphae; M: Skeletal hyphae). Mansa Devi temple, on dead decaying angiospermous wood, Nina 10195 (PUN), September 4, 2015; Haridwar, Shayampur, 2. Trametes leonina (Klotzsch) Imazeki, Bulletin of the Anjanichaur, on dead decaying wood logs of D. sisso, Nina Government Forest Experimental Station Meguro 57: 120, 10194
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Phylogenetic Classification of Trametes
    TAXON 60 (6) • December 2011: 1567–1583 Justo & Hibbett • Phylogenetic classification of Trametes SYSTEMATICS AND PHYLOGENY Phylogenetic classification of Trametes (Basidiomycota, Polyporales) based on a five-marker dataset Alfredo Justo & David S. Hibbett Clark University, Biology Department, 950 Main St., Worcester, Massachusetts 01610, U.S.A. Author for correspondence: Alfredo Justo, [email protected] Abstract: The phylogeny of Trametes and related genera was studied using molecular data from ribosomal markers (nLSU, ITS) and protein-coding genes (RPB1, RPB2, TEF1-alpha) and consequences for the taxonomy and nomenclature of this group were considered. Separate datasets with rDNA data only, single datasets for each of the protein-coding genes, and a combined five-marker dataset were analyzed. Molecular analyses recover a strongly supported trametoid clade that includes most of Trametes species (including the type T. suaveolens, the T. versicolor group, and mainly tropical species such as T. maxima and T. cubensis) together with species of Lenzites and Pycnoporus and Coriolopsis polyzona. Our data confirm the positions of Trametes cervina (= Trametopsis cervina) in the phlebioid clade and of Trametes trogii (= Coriolopsis trogii) outside the trametoid clade, closely related to Coriolopsis gallica. The genus Coriolopsis, as currently defined, is polyphyletic, with the type species as part of the trametoid clade and at least two additional lineages occurring in the core polyporoid clade. In view of these results the use of a single generic name (Trametes) for the trametoid clade is considered to be the best taxonomic and nomenclatural option as the morphological concept of Trametes would remain almost unchanged, few new nomenclatural combinations would be necessary, and the classification of additional species (i.e., not yet described and/or sampled for mo- lecular data) in Trametes based on morphological characters alone will still be possible.
    [Show full text]
  • Polypore Diversity in North America with an Annotated Checklist
    Mycol Progress (2016) 15:771–790 DOI 10.1007/s11557-016-1207-7 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Polypore diversity in North America with an annotated checklist Li-Wei Zhou1 & Karen K. Nakasone2 & Harold H. Burdsall Jr.2 & James Ginns3 & Josef Vlasák4 & Otto Miettinen5 & Viacheslav Spirin5 & Tuomo Niemelä 5 & Hai-Sheng Yuan1 & Shuang-Hui He6 & Bao-Kai Cui6 & Jia-Hui Xing6 & Yu-Cheng Dai6 Received: 20 May 2016 /Accepted: 9 June 2016 /Published online: 30 June 2016 # German Mycological Society and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2016 Abstract Profound changes to the taxonomy and classifica- 11 orders, while six other species from three genera have tion of polypores have occurred since the advent of molecular uncertain taxonomic position at the order level. Three orders, phylogenetics in the 1990s. The last major monograph of viz. Polyporales, Hymenochaetales and Russulales, accom- North American polypores was published by Gilbertson and modate most of polypore species (93.7 %) and genera Ryvarden in 1986–1987. In the intervening 30 years, new (88.8 %). We hope that this updated checklist will inspire species, new combinations, and new records of polypores future studies in the polypore mycota of North America and were reported from North America. As a result, an updated contribute to the diversity and systematics of polypores checklist of North American polypores is needed to reflect the worldwide. polypore diversity in there. We recognize 492 species of polypores from 146 genera in North America. Of these, 232 Keywords Basidiomycota . Phylogeny . Taxonomy . species are unchanged from Gilbertson and Ryvarden’smono- Wood-decaying fungus graph, and 175 species required name or authority changes.
    [Show full text]
  • A Revised Family-Level Classification of the Polyporales (Basidiomycota)
    fungal biology 121 (2017) 798e824 journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/funbio A revised family-level classification of the Polyporales (Basidiomycota) Alfredo JUSTOa,*, Otto MIETTINENb, Dimitrios FLOUDASc, € Beatriz ORTIZ-SANTANAd, Elisabet SJOKVISTe, Daniel LINDNERd, d €b f Karen NAKASONE , Tuomo NIEMELA , Karl-Henrik LARSSON , Leif RYVARDENg, David S. HIBBETTa aDepartment of Biology, Clark University, 950 Main St, Worcester, 01610, MA, USA bBotanical Museum, University of Helsinki, PO Box 7, 00014, Helsinki, Finland cDepartment of Biology, Microbial Ecology Group, Lund University, Ecology Building, SE-223 62, Lund, Sweden dCenter for Forest Mycology Research, US Forest Service, Northern Research Station, One Gifford Pinchot Drive, Madison, 53726, WI, USA eScotland’s Rural College, Edinburgh Campus, King’s Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3JG, UK fNatural History Museum, University of Oslo, PO Box 1172, Blindern, NO 0318, Oslo, Norway gInstitute of Biological Sciences, University of Oslo, PO Box 1066, Blindern, N-0316, Oslo, Norway article info abstract Article history: Polyporales is strongly supported as a clade of Agaricomycetes, but the lack of a consensus Received 21 April 2017 higher-level classification within the group is a barrier to further taxonomic revision. We Accepted 30 May 2017 amplified nrLSU, nrITS, and rpb1 genes across the Polyporales, with a special focus on the Available online 16 June 2017 latter. We combined the new sequences with molecular data generated during the Poly- Corresponding Editor: PEET project and performed Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian phylogenetic analyses. Ursula Peintner Analyses of our final 3-gene dataset (292 Polyporales taxa) provide a phylogenetic overview of the order that we translate here into a formal family-level classification.
    [Show full text]
  • Checklist of the Aphyllophoraceous Fungi (Agaricomycetes) of the Brazilian Amazonia
    Posted date: June 2009 Summary published in MYCOTAXON 108: 319–322 Checklist of the aphyllophoraceous fungi (Agaricomycetes) of the Brazilian Amazonia ALLYNE CHRISTINA GOMES-SILVA1 & TATIANA BAPTISTA GIBERTONI1 [email protected] [email protected] Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Departamento de Micologia Av. Nelson Chaves s/n, CEP 50760-420, Recife, PE, Brazil Abstract — A literature-based checklist of the aphyllophoraceous fungi reported from the Brazilian Amazonia was compiled. Two hundred and sixteen species, 90 genera, 22 families, and 9 orders (Agaricales, Auriculariales, Cantharellales, Corticiales, Gloeophyllales, Hymenochaetales, Polyporales, Russulales and Trechisporales) have been reported from the area. Key words — macrofungi, neotropics Introduction The aphyllophoraceous fungi are currently spread througout many orders of Agaricomycetes (Hibbett et al. 2007) and comprise species that function as major decomposers of plant organic matter (Alexopoulos et al. 1996). The Amazonian Forest (00°44'–06°24'S / 58°05'–68°01'W) covers an area of 7 × 106 km2 in nine South American countries. Around 63% of the forest is located in nine Brazilian States (Acre, Amazonas, Amapá, Pará, Rondônia, Roraima, Tocantins, west of Maranhão, and north of Mato Grosso) (Fig. 1). The Amazonian forest consists of a mosaic of different habitats, such as open ombrophilous, stational semi-decidual, mountain, “terra firme,” “várzea” and “igapó” forests, and “campinaranas” (Amazonian savannahs). Six months of dry season and six month of rainy season can be observed (Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi 2007). Even with the high biodiversity of Amazonia and the well-documented importance of aphyllophoraceous fungi to all arboreous ecosystems, few studies have been undertaken in the Brazilian Amazonia on this group of fungi (Bononi 1981, 1992, Capelari & Maziero 1988, Gomes-Silva et al.
    [Show full text]
  • Výroční Zpráva NP 2014
    Výroční zpráva za rok 2014 Název projektu: Národní program konzervace a využívání genetických zdrojů mikroorganismů a drobných živočichů hospodářského významu Koordinátor: Ing. Petr Komínek, Ph.D. Výzkumný ústav rostlinné výroby, v.v.i. Drnovská 507, 161 06 Praha 6 - Ruzyně, Tel. +420 233 022 111 (ústředna), Fax +420 233 310 636, +420 233 310 638, ) E-mail: [email protected] 1 Výroční zpráva za rok 2014 Název projektu: Národní program konzervace a využívání genetických zdrojů mikroorganismů a drobných živočichů hospodářského významu Doba řešení: 1 - 12 2014 Koordinátor: Ing. Petr Komínek, Ph.D. Dne: 23. 3. 2015 Podpis: Pověřená osoba: Výzkumný ústav rostlinné výroby v.v.i., Drnovská 507, 161 06 Praha 6 - Ruzyně IČO: 00027006 Statutární zástupce: Dr. Ing. Pavel Čermák ředitel VÚRV, v.v.i. Dne: 23. 3. 2015 Podpis: Čerpání finančních prostředků: Plán: 13 340 tis. Kč Skutečnost 13 340 tis. Kč Potvrzení garanta o převzetí výsledků expertního projektu: Ing. Renáta Jandová, MZe ČR Potvrzuji převzetí výsledků projektu Národního programu genetických zdrojů mikroorganismů ...: Dne: Podpis: 2 Obsah OBSAH strana Přehled sbírek 4 Anotace výroční zprávy 6 1. Charakteristika vykonaných prací 9 2.Přehled skupin mikroorganismů ve sbírce – současný stav a způsob evidence 29 3.Hodnocení a charakterizace genetických zdrojů 47 4. Výstupy řešení a jejich uživatelé 60 5. Účast na mezinárodní spolupráci 74 6. Seznam publikací v r. 2014 a jiných aktivit 79 7. Zákonné normy, z nichž vyplývá nutnost ochrany genových zdrojů 90 8. Závěr 92 9. Přílohy 93 A) Seznamy kmenů 93 3 Přehled sbírek SBÍRKY NÁRODNÍHO PROGRAMU GENETICKÝCH ZDROJŮ MIKROORGANISMŮ A. Přehled sbírek VÚRV v.v.i : a) Sbírka fytopatogenních virů a kolekce virových patogenů na ovocných dřevinách a révě vinné v technickém izolátu Pracoviště: VÚRV v.v.i Praha – Ruzyně, odbor rostlinolékařství Zodpovědný kurátor: Ing.
    [Show full text]
  • Diversity and Distribution of Macrofungi (Mushrooms) in the Mount Cameroon Region
    Vol. 5(10), pp. 318-334, October 2013 DOI: 10.5897/JENE2013.0379 ISSN 2006-9847 ©2013 Academic Journals Journal of Ecology and the Natural Environment http://www.academicjournals.org/JENE Full Length Research Paper Diversity and distribution of macrofungi (mushrooms) in the Mount Cameroon Region Egbe Enow Andrew1*, Tonjock Rosemary. Kinge 2, Ebai Maureen Tabi1, Nji Thiobal3 and Afui Mathias Mih1 1Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, P. O. Box 63, South West Region, Cameroon. 2Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Bamenda, P. O. Box 39, North West Region, Cameroon. 3Department of Sociology and Anthropology, Faculty of Social and Management Sciences, University of Buea, P.O. Box 63, South West Region, Cameroon. Accepted 11 September, 2013 This study was carried out to document the diversity and distribution of macrofungi in the Mount Cameroon Region. These were assessed at low and high altitudinal ranges in the four flanks of the mountain during the rainy and early dry seasons of 2010 and 2011. A total of 177 macrofungal species belonging to 83 genera and 38 families were recorded. Species richness was higher in the rainy seasons (134 species) than in the early dry seasons (89 species) and tended to decrease with altitude, with 116 and 112 species for low and high altitudes, respectively. Eighty-eight species were recorded only in the rainy seasons, 43 species in the early dry seasons only, and 46 species were common to both seasons. Sixty-five species were found only in the low altitude, 61 species only in the high altitude, and 51 species were common to both altitudes.
    [Show full text]
  • Investigating Wood Decaying Fungi Diversity in Central Siberia, Russia Using ITS Sequence Analysis and Interaction with Host Trees
    sustainability Article Investigating Wood Decaying Fungi Diversity in Central Siberia, Russia Using ITS Sequence Analysis and Interaction with Host Trees Ji-Hyun Park 1, Igor N. Pavlov 2,3 , Min-Ji Kim 4, Myung Soo Park 1, Seung-Yoon Oh 5 , Ki Hyeong Park 1, Jonathan J. Fong 6 and Young Woon Lim 1,* 1 School of Biological Sciences and Institute of Microbiology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; [email protected] (J.-H.P.); [email protected] (M.S.P.); [email protected] (K.H.P.) 2 Laboratory of Reforestation, Mycology and Plant Pathology, V. N. Sukachev Institute of Forest, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia; [email protected] 3 Department of Chemical Technology of Wood and Biotechnology, Reshetnev Siberian State University of Science and Technology, 660049 Krasnoyarsk, Russia 4 Wood Utilization Division, Forest Products Department, National Institute of Forest Science, Seoul 02455, Korea; [email protected] 5 Department of Biology and Chemistry, Changwon National University, Changwon 51140, Korea; [email protected] 6 Science Unit, Lingnan University, Tuen Mun, Hong Kong; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +82-2880-6708 Received: 27 February 2020; Accepted: 18 March 2020; Published: 24 March 2020 Abstract: Wood-decay fungi (WDF) play a significant role in recycling nutrients, using enzymatic and mechanical processes to degrade wood. Designated as a biodiversity hot spot, Central Siberia is a geographically important region for understanding the spatial distribution and the evolutionary processes shaping biodiversity. There have been several studies of WDF diversity in Central Siberia, but identification of species was based on morphological characteristics, lacking detailed descriptions and molecular data.
    [Show full text]
  • Sarcoporia Polyspora (Basidiomycota, Polyporales): a Rare Wood-Decay Fungus Newly Recorded from South America
    ~ Nova Hedwigia Vol.100 (2015) Issue 1-2, 177-187 Article ~ published online October 22, 2014; published in print February 2015 Sarcoporia polyspora (Basidiomycota, Polyporales) : a rare wood-decay fungus newly recorded from South America Daiana Bortoluzzi Baldoni1·, Beatriz Ortiz-Santana2, Gilberto Coelho3, Zaida Ines Antoniolli1 and Rodrigo Josemar Seminoti Jacques1 1 Universidade Federal de Santa Maria. Departamento de Solos. Av. Roraima n° 1000 - Campus - Bairro Camobi - CEP: 97105-900, Santa Maria - Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil 2 US Forest Service. Northern Research Station. Center for Forest Mycology Research. One Gifford Pinchot Drive. Madison. WI. USA 3 Departamento de Fundamentos da Educacao. Universidade Federal de Santa Maria With 3 figures and 1 table Abstract: 13rown-rot fungi degrade almost exclusively wood cellulosic materials participating in the carbon cycle and soi l formation of many forest regions, these arc especially important on boreal and cultivated coni ferous foresL~. These fungi and forests may have a common co-evolutionary history. Studying wood-inhabiting fungi in cultivated pine forests in Southern Brazil, we have analyzed morphologically and molecularly specimens of Sarcoporia polyspora, which has shown to be a rare and aggressive decomposer previously unreported from South America. Nuclear ribosomal ITS region sequences from North and South American specimens were compared. Key wo r ds: macrofungus, Pinus spp., wood, soil humus, brown rot, polyporcs. Introduction Fungi are able to modify their substrates by secreting extracellular enzymes and thus produce significant ecological impacts; they find their niche in forests on leaf litter, soil organic matter (humus) or wood, as in the case of polypores (Basidiomycota), which attack primary wood compounds - cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin.
    [Show full text]
  • Trametes Pubescens
    Trametes pubescens Pilzportrait Fungi, Dikarya, Basidiomycota, Agaricomycotina, Agaricomycetes, Polyporales, Polyporaceae Trametes pubescens Samtige Tramete Trametes pubescens Trametes pubescens (Schumacher) Pilát 1939 Boletus velutinus Persoon 1794 Boletus pubescens Schumacher 1803 Polyporus pubescens (Schumacher) Fries 1815 Polyporus velutinus (Persoon) Fries 1821 Polyporus sullivantii Montagne 1842 Polyporus molliusculus Berkeley 1847 Polystictus molliusculus (Berkeley) Fries 1851 Hansenia velutina (Persoon) P. Karsten 1879 Bjerkandera velutinus (Persoon) P. Karsten 1881 Bjerkandera pubescens (Schumacher) P. Karsten 1882 Polystictus velutinus (Persoon) Cooke 1886 Hansenia imitata P. Karsten 1886 Coriolus velutinus (Persoon) Quélet 1886 Polystictus sullivantii (Montagne) Cooke 1886 Polystictus imitatus (P. Karsten) Saccardo 1888 Coriolus pubescens (Schumacher) Quélet 1888 Hansenia pubescens (Schumacher) P. Karsten 1889 Polystictus pubescens (Schumacher) Gillot & Lucand 1890 Microporus molliusculus (Berkeley) Kuntze 1898 Microporus sullivantii (Montagne) Kuntze 1898 Microporus velutinus (Persoon) Kuntze 1898 Microporus imitatus (P. Karsten) Kuntze 1898 Leptoporus pubescens (Schumacher) Patouillard 1900 Coriolus applanatus P. Karsten 1904 Coriolus sullivantii (Montagne) Murrill 1905 Polystictus applanatus (P. Karsten) Saccardo & D. Saccardo 1905 Agaricus pubescens (Schumacher) E.H.L. Krause 1932 Coriolus pubescens f. velutinus (Persoon) Pilát 1936 Trametes pubescens (Schumacher) Pilát 1939 Tyromyces pubescens (Schumacher) Imazeki 1943
    [Show full text]
  • Relationships and Biology of Ambrosia Beetles and Fungi and the Development of Pre-Invasion Assessment of Potential Pests
    RELATIONSHIPS AND BIOLOGY OF AMBROSIA BEETLES AND FUNGI AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF PRE-INVASION ASSESSMENT OF POTENTIAL PESTS By YOU LI A DISSERTATION PRESENTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA 2018 © 2018 You Li To my wife and supportive parents ACKNOWLEDGMENTS There are so many people who have made this effort possible, and I would not have enough room to name them all. First, I must thank my wife, Misa, who stood by me during this four years. I do not know where I would be without her support and wisdom. My major advisor, Dr. Jiri Hulcr, has been a tremendous mentor and I feel fortunate he was kind enough to take me on as a student. His experience, and generosity throughout this process ensured the success of this. I would like to thank my committee members for their guidance and patience over the last few years. This includes Dr. Damian Adams, Dr. Huiping Yang, Dr. Jason A. Smith, and Dr. Matthew E. Smith. Every member of my committee was very supportive and helped me grow during my Ph.D. work. Thank you for your time, expertise, and wisdom. The samples of my research are most from China and USA. Many people help me in each chapter. In Chapter 2, I am grateful to D. Rabern Simmons (University of Michigan) for teaching me how to write a manuscript. I would like to thank Changlin Zhao and Baokai Cui (Beijing Forestry University, China) for sharing molecular data and Lukas Stelinski and Chris Gibbard provided several specimens.
    [Show full text]
  • A First Insight Into North American Plant Pathogenic Fungi Armillaria Sinapina Transcriptome
    biology Article A First Insight into North American Plant Pathogenic Fungi Armillaria sinapina Transcriptome Narimene Fradj 1, Nicolas de Montigny 1, Natacha Mérindol 1, Fatima Awwad 1, Yacine Boumghar 2, Hugo Germain 1,3 and Isabel Desgagné-Penix 1,3,* 1 Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Physics, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 3351, boul. des Forges, Trois-Rivières, QC G9A 5H7, Canada; [email protected] (N.F.); [email protected] (N.d.M.); [email protected] (N.M.); [email protected] (F.A.); [email protected] (H.G.) 2 Centre d’étude des Procédés Chimiques du Québec, 6220 rue Sherbrooke Est, Montréal, QC H1N 1C1, Canada; [email protected] 3 Groupe de Recherche en Biologie Végétale, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 3351, boul. des Forges, Trois-Rivières, Québec, QC G9A 5H7, Canada * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 15 June 2020; Accepted: 3 July 2020; Published: 4 July 2020 Abstract: Armillaria sinapina, a fungal pathogen of primary timber species of North American forests, causes white root rot disease that ultimately kills the trees. A more detailed understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying this illness will support future developments on disease resistance and management, as well as in the decomposition of cellulosic material for further use. In this study, RNA-Seq technology was used to compare the transcriptome profiles of A. sinapina fungal culture grown in yeast malt broth medium supplemented or not with betulin, a natural compound of the terpenoid group found in abundance in white birch bark. This was done to identify enzyme transcripts involved in the metabolism (redox reaction) of betulin into betulinic acid, a potent anticancer drug.
    [Show full text]
  • ( 12 ) United States Patent ( 10) Patent No .: US 10,813,960 B2 Stamets ( 45 ) Date of Patent : * Oct
    US010813960B2 ( 12 ) United States Patent ( 10 ) Patent No .: US 10,813,960 B2 Stamets ( 45 ) Date of Patent : * Oct . 27 , 2020 ( 54 ) INTEGRATIVE FUNGAL SOLUTIONS FOR ( 56 ) References Cited PROTECTING BEES AND OVERCOMING COLONY COLLAPSE DISORDER ( CCD ) U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS 6,106,867 A * 8/2000 Mishima A23G 3/48 ( 71 ) Applicant: Paul Edward Stamets , Shelton , WA 424/539 ( US ) 6,183,742 B1 2/2001 Kiczka 6,660,290 B1 12/2003 Stamets ( 72 ) Inventor : Paul Edward Stamets , Shelton , WA 7,122,176 B2 10/2006 Stamets ( US ) 7,951,388 B2 5/2011 Stamets 7,951,389 B2 5/2011 Stamets ( * ) Notice : Subject to any disclaimer , the term of this 8,501,207 B2 8/2013 Stamets patent is extended or adjusted under 35 8,753,656 B2 6/2014 Stamets 8,765,138 B2 7/2014 Stamets U.S.C. 154 ( b ) by 0 days. 9,399,050 B2 7/2016 Stamets This patent is subject to a terminal dis 9,474,776 B2 10/2016 Stamets claimer. 2002/0146394 A1 10/2002 Stamets 2004/0161440 A1 8/2004 Stamets 2004/0209907 A1 * 10/2004 Franklin A61K 31/517 ( 21 ) Appl . No.: 15 /332,803 514 / 266.22 2004/0213823 Al 10/2004 Stamets ( 22 ) Filed : Oct. 24 , 2016 2005/0176583 A1 8/2005 Stamets 2005/0238655 A1 10/2005 Stamets ( 65 ) Prior Publication Data 2005/0276815 Al 12/2005 Stamets US 2017/0035820 A1 Feb. 9 , 2017 2006/0171958 A1 8/2006 Stamets 2008/0005046 Al 1/2008 Stamets 2008/0046277 A1 2/2008 Stamets Related U.S.
    [Show full text]