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Color profile: Disabled Composite 150 lpi at 45 degrees C:\3stylers\Botanika 2007\Okladka_97.cdr 7 stycznia 2008 17:41:17 Color profile: Disabled Composite 150 lpi at 45 degrees C:\3stylers\Botanika 2007\Okladka_97.cdr 7 stycznia 2008 17:41:17 Botanika 2007.indb 1 2008-01-07 16:40:16 Botanika 2007.indb 2 2008-01-07 16:43:01 CONTENTS 1. Introduction .......................................................................................................................................... 5 2. Study area ............................................................................................................................................. 6 3. History of mycological research in the Góry Świętokrzyskie Mts. ................................................ 15 4. Material and methods ........................................................................................................................ 16 5. Basidiomycetes and plant communities ............................................................................................ 18 5. 1. Syntaxonomic classifi cation of the examined plant communities .......................................... 18 5. 2. Non-forest communities ............................................................................................................ 19 5. 3. Forest communities .................................................................................................................... 38 5. 4. Relationships between plants and Basidiomycetes ................................................................ 143 5. 5. The role and position of Basidiomycetes in biocoenoses of selected ecosystems in the Góry Świętokrzyskie Mts. ............................................................................................. 160 5. 6. Fungi in the Góry Świętokrzyskie Mts. against other regions in Poland ............................ 164 6. Basidiomycetes: changes and threat ................................................................................................ 174 6. 1. Changes of fungi in forest communities ................................................................................ 174 6. 1. 1. Primeval relicts of Basidiomycetes ................................................................................... 177 6. 2. Changes of fungi in non-forest communities ......................................................................... 181 6. 3. Threat to fungi .......................................................................................................................... 182 6. 4. Expansive species ..................................................................................................................... 183 6. 5. Threat status of Basidiomycetes in comparison with other regions in Poland .................... 186 7. Summary of results and conclusions ............................................................................................... 188 8. References ........................................................................................................................................ 191 9. Różnorodność Basidiomycetes w ekosystemach Gór Świętokrzyskich (streszczenie) ................ 205 Index of fungal names .......................................................................................................................... 210 Botanika 2007.indb 3 2008-01-07 16:43:02 ABSTRACT Janusz ŁUSZCZYŃSKI. Diversity of Basidiomycetes in Various Ecosystems of the Góry Świętokrzyskie Mts. Monogr. Bot., Vol. 97, 218 pp., 2007. Mycocoenological studies were conducted at 77 permanent research plots established in 14 leading forest com- munities and in three non-forest communities in the Góry Świętokrzyskie Mts. The greatest numbers of Basidio- mycetes were recorded in phytocoenoses in the following plant communities: Tilio-Carpinetum (393 species), Querco-Pinetum (292 species) and Dentario glandulosae-Fagetum (268 species). Saprobionts dominated the myco- biota of the forest communities (593 species, that is 57% of the total number of species), including 332 species of pedobionts (32%), 251 species of xylobionts (24%) and 10 species of allobionts (0.9%). Furthermore, 375 species of mycorrhizal fungi (36% of the total number of the recorded species) and 59 species of parasites (6% of the total number of the mycobiota studied) were recorded. The current species composition of Basidiomycetes in the Góry Świętokrzyskie Mts. has been infl uenced by the location of the area in relation to the adjacent geographical regions, climatic conditions, natural topography, geological structure and plant cover as well as human economy. Abies alba, Acer pseudoplatanus, Fagus sylvatica, Larix decidua ssp. polonica and Picea abies, which encourage the development of mountain fungi, infl uence the biota of Basidiomycetes in particular. The occurrence of 87 species of the mountain element sensu lato was recorded. Trophic relationships between Basidiomycetes and 34 species of vascular plants as well as 11 genera of mosses were analysed. The most numerous groups of fungi accompany pine trees (114 species), beech trees (105 species), fi r trees (102 species) and oak trees (100 species). Despite signifi cant damage, well-preserved and fairly intact forest areas are still found in the Góry Świętokrzyskie Mts. They now serve as refugia of Albatrellus confl uens, Bankera fuligineoalba, Fomitopsis offi cinalis, Hericium coralloides, H. fl agellum, Pycnoporellus fulgens, Skeletocutis odora and S. stellae. Both natural and anthropogenic factors determine the changes of the mycologi- cal profi le in the Góry Świętokrzyskie Mts. Some of the newly arrived Basidiomycetes have features of expansive species, for instance Clathrus archeri, Mutinus ravenelii and Psilocybe rugosoannulata. Key words: macrofungi; mycocoenoses; old-growth forest fungi; expansive, synanthropic and threatened fungi; C. Poland Botanika 2007.indb 4 2008-01-07 16:43:04 1. INTRODUCTION The Góry Świętokrzyskie Mts. offer some of the most interesting nature areas in Poland. Old and eroded, they are unique both locally and in Europe. A great variety of habitats, resulting from the diverse and complex geological structure, natural topography and plant cover, creates conditions favourable for the development of an impressive and varied biota of Basidiomycetes. Human economy has been an important factor that infl uences the pres- ervation of fungal diversity. Its traces, dating back to the Neolithic period, spanning the times of ancient and medieval mining or metallurgy, are still visible in the study area while mining of rock raw material persistently continues. The interest in the plant cover and fun- gi of the Góry Świętokrzyskie Mts. goes back to the 19th century. The natural forests of the Puszcza Świętokrzyska Forest have been reduced both in size and degree. Beech, beech-fi r and fi r forests are some of the most characteristic natural communities in the region. The most natural section of the forest, fondly known as the Puszcza Jodłowa Forest, the name inherited from Polish literary works, is now protected within the Świętokrzyski National Park. In spite of considerable forest deformations, a range of diverse fungi still fi nd suit- able habitats here. Equally interesting habitats of this interesting and still underexplored mycobiota can be found in semi-natural communities of meadows as well as xerothermic and psammophilous grasslands. The great richness of the contemporary biota of Basidiomycetes and the changes that have been taking place together with those of the plant cover have been at the centre of the present author’s studies for almost 20 years. Different mycological elements condi- tioned by geographical, ecological and biocoenotic factors have occurred and competed in the Góry Świętokrzyskie Mts. over this period. The occurrence of mountain fungi makes the mycological profi le of the area similar to the mycobiota and forest biocoenoses of the Carpathian Mts. while it also shows an affi nity with lowland biocoenoses. A great diversity of both forests and non-forest ecosystems provides an excellent opportunity to study the correlation between the behaviour of Basidiomycetes and the level of a biocoenosis’ natu- ral state. Mycocoenological studies aim at investigating and defi ning the role of fungi in biocoenoses. Basidiomycetes belong to sensitive natural indicators of ecological and bio- coenotic changes, which makes them particularly suitable for this type of research. The history of mycocoenological studies boasts a fairly long tradition that spans a period of 95 years in Europe (EDDELBÜTTEL 1911; HAAS 1932) and 50 years in Poland (NESPIAK 1956). Despite this background, as well as a rich body of the literature on the subject, there is a great need to continue studies of this type (ŁAWRYNOWICZ et al. 2004). The scope and depth of knowledge of mycocoenoses in relation to plant communities vary and are still insuffi cient in the case of some types of forest communities. Mycosociological studies in the Góry Świętokrzyskie Mts. have so far been conducted at small plots and are by no means representative of the entire region (LISIEWSKA 1978a; ŁUSZCZYŃSKI 1998, 2000a, b, c, 2001, 2004a, b, 2006). This project is the fi rst mycocoenological monograph study of the Góry Świętokrzyskie Mts., a vast and physiographically well-differentiated area. A critical list of Basiodiomy- cetes is a necessary supplement of the monograph (ŁUSZCZYŃSKI 2007a, in print). 5 Botanika 2007.indb 5 2008-01-07 16:43:05 Fungi of the class Basidiomycetes
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    Posted June, 2008. Summary published in Mycotaxon 104: 39–42. 2008. Mycodiversity studies in selected ecosystems of Greece: IV. Macrofungi from Abies cephalonica forests and other intermixed tree species (Oxya Mt., central Greece) 1 2 1 D.M. DIMOU *, G.I. ZERVAKIS & E. POLEMIS * [email protected] 1Agricultural University of Athens, Lab. of General & Agricultural Microbiology, Iera Odos 75, GR-11855 Athens, Greece 2 [email protected] National Agricultural Research Foundation, Institute of Environmental Biotechnology, Lakonikis 87, GR-24100 Kalamata, Greece Abstract — In the course of a nine-year inventory in Mt. Oxya (central Greece) fir forests, a total of 358 taxa of macromycetes, belonging in 149 genera, have been recorded. Ninety eight taxa constitute new records, and five of them are first reports for the respective genera (Athelopsis, Crustoderma, Lentaria, Protodontia, Urnula). One hundred and one records for habitat/host/substrate are new for Greece, while some of these associations are reported for the first time in literature. Key words — biodiversity, macromycetes, fir, Mediterranean region, mushrooms Introduction The mycobiota of Greece was until recently poorly investigated since very few mycologists were active in the fields of fungal biodiversity, taxonomy and systematic. Until the end of ’90s, less than 1.000 species of macromycetes occurring in Greece had been reported by Greek and foreign researchers. Practically no collaboration existed between the scientific community and the rather few amateurs, who were active in this domain, and thus useful information that could be accumulated remained unexploited. Until then, published data were fragmentary in spatial, temporal and ecological terms. The authors introduced a different concept in their methodology, which was based on a long-term investigation of selected ecosystems and monitoring-inventorying of macrofungi throughout the year and for a period of usually 5-8 years.
  • Studies in Basidiodendron Eyrei and Similar-Looking Taxa (Auriculariales, Basidiomycota)

    Studies in Basidiodendron Eyrei and Similar-Looking Taxa (Auriculariales, Basidiomycota)

    Botany Studies in Basidiodendron eyrei and similar-looking taxa (Auriculariales, Basidiomycota) Journal: Botany Manuscript ID cjb-2020-0045.R2 Manuscript Type: Article Date Submitted by the 14-Jul-2020 Author: Complete List of Authors: Spirin , Viacheslav ; Botany Unit (Mycology), Finnish Museum of Natural History, University of Helsinki., Malysheva, Vera; Komarov Botanical Institute RAS, Laboratory of Systematic and Geography of Fungi Mendes Alvarenga,Draft Renato Lúcio ; Universidade Federal de Pernambuco Centro de Biociencias, Micologia Kotiranta, Heikki; Finnish Environment Institute Larsson, Karl-Henrik; Natural History Museum , University of Oslo, Keyword: heterobasidiomycetes, phylogeny, taxonomy Is the invited manuscript for consideration in a Special Not applicable (regular submission) Issue? : https://mc06.manuscriptcentral.com/botany-pubs Page 1 of 40 Botany Studies in Basidiodendron eyrei and similar-looking taxa (Auriculariales, Basidiomycota) Viacheslav Spirin1, Vera Malysheva2, Renato Lucio Mendes-Alvarenga3, Heikki Kotiranta4, Karl-Henrik Larsson5,6 1Botany Unit (Mycology), Finnish Museum of Natural History, University of Helsinki. P.O. Box 7, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland. e-mail: [email protected] 2Komarov Botanical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Prof. Popova Str., 197376 St. Petersburg, Russia. e-mail: [email protected] 3Departamento de Micologia, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. da Engenharia s/n, Recife, Pernambuco,Draft 50740-570, Brazil. e-mail: [email protected] 4Finnish Environment Institute, Latokartanonkaari 11, 00790 Helsinki, Finland. e-mail: [email protected] 5Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1172, Blindern, 0318 Oslo, Norway. e- mail: [email protected] 6Gothenburg Global Biodiversity Centre, Post Box 461, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden Corresponding author: Viacheslav Spirin.