Decays of Engelmann Spruce and Subalpine Fir in the Rocky Mountains James J
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Annotated Check List and Host Index Arizona Wood
Annotated Check List and Host Index for Arizona Wood-Rotting Fungi Item Type text; Book Authors Gilbertson, R. L.; Martin, K. J.; Lindsey, J. P. Publisher College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ) Rights Copyright © Arizona Board of Regents. The University of Arizona. Download date 28/09/2021 02:18:59 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10150/602154 Annotated Check List and Host Index for Arizona Wood - Rotting Fungi Technical Bulletin 209 Agricultural Experiment Station The University of Arizona Tucson AÏfJ\fOTA TED CHECK LI5T aid HOST INDEX ford ARIZONA WOOD- ROTTlNg FUNGI /. L. GILßERTSON K.T IyIARTiN Z J. P, LINDSEY3 PRDFE550I of PLANT PATHOLOgY 2GRADUATE ASSISTANT in I?ESEARCI-4 36FZADAATE A5 S /STANT'" TEACHING Z z l'9 FR5 1974- INTRODUCTION flora similar to that of the Gulf Coast and the southeastern United States is found. Here the major tree species include hardwoods such as Arizona is characterized by a wide variety of Arizona sycamore, Arizona black walnut, oaks, ecological zones from Sonoran Desert to alpine velvet ash, Fremont cottonwood, willows, and tundra. This environmental diversity has resulted mesquite. Some conifers, including Chihuahua pine, in a rich flora of woody plants in the state. De- Apache pine, pinyons, junipers, and Arizona cypress tailed accounts of the vegetation of Arizona have also occur in association with these hardwoods. appeared in a number of publications, including Arizona fungi typical of the southeastern flora those of Benson and Darrow (1954), Nichol (1952), include Fomitopsis ulmaria, Donkia pulcherrima, Kearney and Peebles (1969), Shreve and Wiggins Tyromyces palustris, Lopharia crassa, Inonotus (1964), Lowe (1972), and Hastings et al. -
Phylogeny, Morphology, and Ecology Resurrect Previously Synonymized Species of North American Stereum Sarah G
bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.10.16.342840; this version posted October 16, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. Phylogeny, morphology, and ecology resurrect previously synonymized species of North American Stereum Sarah G. Delong-Duhon and Robin K. Bagley Department of Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242 [email protected] Abstract Stereum is a globally widespread genus of basidiomycete fungi with conspicuous shelf-like fruiting bodies. Several species have been extensively studied due to their economic importance, but broader Stereum taxonomy has been stymied by pervasive morphological crypsis in the genus. Here, we provide a preliminary investigation into species boundaries among some North American Stereum. The nominal species Stereum ostrea has been referenced in field guides, textbooks, and scientific papers as a common fungus with a wide geographic range and even wider morphological variability. We use ITS sequence data of specimens from midwestern and eastern North America, alongside morphological and ecological characters, to show that Stereum ostrea is a complex of at least three reproductively isolated species. Preliminary morphological analyses show that these three species correspond to three historical taxa that were previously synonymized with S. ostrea: Stereum fasciatum, Stereum lobatum, and Stereum subtomentosum. Stereum hirsutum ITS sequences taken from GenBank suggest that other Stereum species may actually be species complexes. Future work should apply a multilocus approach and global sampling strategy to better resolve the taxonomy and evolutionary history of this important fungal genus. -
1 S802A Vasilauskas
VasiliauskasSilva Fennica and 32(4)Stenlid research articles Spread of Stereum sanguinolentum Vegetative Compatibility Groups ... Spread of Stereum sanguinolentum Vegetative Compatibility Groups within a Stand and within Stems of Picea abies Rimvydas Vasiliauskas and Jan Stenlid Vasiliauskas, R. & Stenlid, J. 1998. Spread of Stereum sanguinolentum vegetative compat- ibility groups within a stand and within stems of Picea abies. Silva Fennica 32(4): 301– 309. A total of 57 naturally established Stereum sanguinolentum isolates was obtained from artificially wounded Picea abies stems in a forest area of 2 ha in Lithuania. Somatic incompatibility tests revealed 27 vegetative compatibility groups (VCGs) that contained 1–10 isolates. There was no spatial clustering of S. sanguinolentum VCGs within the forest area. The extent of S. sanguinolentum decay was analysed in 48 P. abies stems, 9– 26 cm in diameter at breast height. Within 7 years of wounding, the length of S. sanguinolentum decay column in stems was 107–415 cm (291.5±77.3 cm on average), lateral spread of the fungus at the butt was 38–307 cm2 (142.3±66.8 cm2) and decayed proportion of the stem cross-section at the wound site (the butt) was 3–84 % (36.8±19.7 %). In average, S. sanguinolentum VCG that infected 10 trees exhibited more slow growth inside the stem than VCGs that infected only one tree, and vertical growth varied to a greater extent within this VCG than among different VCGs. Correlation between stem diameter and vertical spread of S. sanguinolentum was not significant (r = –0.103). Despite uniformity of debarked area on all stems 7 years ago (300 cm2), open wound sizes on individual trees at the time of study were between 97–355 cm2 (215.1±59.2 cm2) indicating large differences in wound healing capacity. -
Wound Parasites the Information Accessed from This Screen Is Based on the Publication: Etheridge, D.E
FPL 62 – Wound Parasites The information accessed from this screen is based on the publication: Etheridge, D.E. 1973. Common Needle Diseases of Spruce in British Columbia. Forestry Canada, Forest Insect and Disease Survey, Forest Pest Leaflet No. 62 16p. HaematoStereum sanguinolentum is now known as Stereum sanguinolentum. Introduction Heartrotting (See also Pest Leaflet No. 55 (8)) and saprotting fungi that attack living trees through injuries are known as "wound parasites". Among the most common injuries that predispose trees to rot are those caused by man during logging operations, but animals, insects, climate and other disease organisms are also important causal agents. Some wound fungi are primary invaders that attack only fresh, exposed heartwood or sapwood; others are secondary, being favored by wood already colonized by microorganisms; while others attack slash or continue a saprophytic existence on dead trees or timber in service. Only a few wound parasites are capable of attacking living tissue. Little, however, is known about the infection requirements of this group of fungi. Of the 38 species that have been reported from British Columbia as attacking living trees through injuries, about half can be differentiated by their mode of attack, and the specific infection court requirements of only three or four of these are known with certainty. Among the most universally distributed and destructive wound parasites in British Columbia are the bleeding fungus (HaematoStereum sanguinolentum (Fr.) Pouzar), the annosus root fungus (Fomes annosus (Fr.) Karst.) and the red belt fungus (Fomes pinicola (Sw. ex Fr.) Cooke). All are commonly associated with mechanical injuries; but, in addition, F. -
Bark Beetles Facilitate the Establishment of Wood Decay Fungi
Bark Beetles Facilitate the Establishment of Wood Decay Fungi Ylva Maria Elisabeth Strid Faculty of Natural Recourses and Agricultural Sciences Department of Forest Mycology and Plant Pathology Uppsala Doctoral Thesis Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala 2012 Acta Universitatis agriculturae Sueciae 2012:72 Cover: Norway spruce high stumps and Norway spruce stem sections outside and inside a cage (photo: Y. Strid) ISSN 1652-6880 ISBN 978-91-576-7719-8 © 2012 Ylva Maria Elisabeth Strid, Uppsala Print: SLU Service/Repro, Uppsala 2012 Bark Beetle Facilitate the Establishment of Wood Decay Fungi Abstract Forests in the northern hemisphere are largely dominated by conifers and provide a key habitat for a multitude of species. Wood decay fungi, i.e. basidiomycetes, are important for nutrient cycling. Saproxylic insects may facilitate the fungal colonization by opening up bark layer, provide a court for introduction, or they can specifically or loosely vector fungal propagules to the substrate. The aim of the thesis was to clarify the role of insects for dispersal of fungal spores and propagules to Norway spruce stem sections, determine whether mycelial establishment was aided by holes in the bark created by the bark beetle, examine the early succession of fungal diversity in dead wood, and determine whether the hibernation environments for Ips typographus have an impact on the fungal community dispersed by the bark beetle. Further analysis was conducted on wood material from high stumps and stem sections, mycelia from high stumps, and bark beetles from high stumps, stem sections, standing trees and forest litter. Pure culture isolation, T-RFLP, cloning and 454- sequencing were methods used to explain the fungal community composition. -
Suomen Helttasienten Ja Tattien Ekologia, Levinneisyys Ja Uhanalaisuus
Suomen ympäristö 769 LUONTO JA LUONNONVARAT Pertti Salo, Tuomo Niemelä, Ulla Nummela-Salo ja Esteri Ohenoja (toim.) Suomen helttasienten ja tattien ekologia, levinneisyys ja uhanalaisuus .......................... SUOMEN YMPÄRISTÖKESKUS Suomen ympäristö 769 Pertti Salo, Tuomo Niemelä, Ulla Nummela-Salo ja Esteri Ohenoja (toim.) Suomen helttasienten ja tattien ekologia, levinneisyys ja uhanalaisuus SUOMEN YMPÄRISTÖKESKUS Viittausohje Viitatessa tämän raportin lukuihin, käytetään lukujen otsikoita ja lukujen kirjoittajien nimiä: Esim. luku 5.2: Kytövuori, I., Nummela-Salo, U., Ohenoja, E., Salo, P. & Vauras, J. 2005: Helttasienten ja tattien levinneisyystaulukko. Julk.: Salo, P., Niemelä, T., Nummela-Salo, U. & Ohenoja, E. (toim.). Suomen helttasienten ja tattien ekologia, levin- neisyys ja uhanalaisuus. Suomen ympäristökeskus, Helsinki. Suomen ympäristö 769. Ss. 109-224. Recommended citation E.g. chapter 5.2: Kytövuori, I., Nummela-Salo, U., Ohenoja, E., Salo, P. & Vauras, J. 2005: Helttasienten ja tattien levinneisyystaulukko. Distribution table of agarics and boletes in Finland. Publ.: Salo, P., Niemelä, T., Nummela- Salo, U. & Ohenoja, E. (eds.). Suomen helttasienten ja tattien ekologia, levinneisyys ja uhanalaisuus. Suomen ympäristökeskus, Helsinki. Suomen ympäristö 769. Pp. 109-224. Julkaisu on saatavana myös Internetistä: www.ymparisto.fi/julkaisut ISBN 952-11-1996-9 (nid.) ISBN 952-11-1997-7 (PDF) ISSN 1238-7312 Kannen kuvat / Cover pictures Vasen ylä / Top left: Paljakkaa. Utsjoki. Treeless alpine tundra zone. Utsjoki. Kuva / Photo: Esteri Ohenoja Vasen ala / Down left: Jalopuulehtoa. Parainen, Lenholm. Quercus robur forest. Parainen, Lenholm. Kuva / Photo: Tuomo Niemelä Oikea ylä / Top right: Lehtolohisieni (Laccaria amethystina). Amethyst Deceiver (Laccaria amethystina). Kuva / Photo: Pertti Salo Oikea ala / Down right: Vanhaa metsää. Sodankylä, Luosto. Old virgin forest. Sodankylä, Luosto. Kuva / Photo: Tuomo Niemelä Takakansi / Back cover: Ukonsieni (Macrolepiota procera). -
Assessment Giant Woodwasp, Urocerus Gigas L
Mini Risk Assessment Giant Woodwasp, Urocerus gigas L. [Hymenoptera: Siricidae] Erica E. Davis1, Sarah French1, & Robert C. Venette2 1-Department of Entomology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 2-North Central Research Station, USDA Forest Service, St. Paul, MN September 28, 2005 A B C Figure 1. Urocerus gigas gigas: (A) Adult female; (B) external damage to tree; and (C) galleries produced by larvae. [Images from www.forestryimages.org, (A) Paula Klasmer, (B-C) Gyorgy Csoka] Table of Contents Introduction......................................................................................................................... 2 1. Ecological Suitability.................................................................................................. 2 2. Host Specificity/Host Availability.............................................................................. 3 3. Survey Methodology................................................................................................... 6 4. Taxonomic Recognition.............................................................................................. 7 5. Entry Potential............................................................................................................ 8 6. Destination of Infested Material ................................................................................. 8 7. Potential Economic Impact......................................................................................... 9 8. Potential Environmental Impact. ............................................................................... -
Microbial Diversity and Community Structure in Deadwood of Fagus
Microbial diversity and community structure in deadwood of Fagus sylvatica L. and Picea abies (L.) H. Karst Inaugural-Dissertation zur Erlangung der Doktorwürde der Fakultät für Umwelt und Natürliche Ressourcen der Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg i. Brsg. vorgelegt von Dipl.-Forstwirt Björn Hoppe Freiburg im Breisgau Dekan: Prof. Dr. Tim Freytag Referent: Prof. Dr. François Buscot Korreferent: Prof. Dr. Siegfried Fink Disputationsdatum: 03.02.2015 ii Zusammenfassung Zusammenfassung Totholz wird im Rahmen forstwirtschaftlicher Aktivitäten zunehmend größere Bedeu- tung zuteil. Die Forstwirtschaft hat unlängst realisiert, dass die Förderung und der Er- halt natürlicher Totholzvorkommen von immenser Wichtigkeit für Ökosystemdienst- leistungen sind, nicht zuletzt, weil Totholz ein Reservoir für biologische und funktionel- le Diversität darstellt. Das Hauptziel dieser umfassenden Studie bestand zum einen in der Untersuchung des Einflusses unterschiedlicher Waldbewirtschaftungsstrategien auf die mikrobielle Diver- sität an Totholz zweier in Deutschland forstlich relevanter Baumarten Fagus sylvatica and Picea abies. Zum anderen sollte der Zusammenhang zwischen baumartspezifischen physikalischen und chemischen Parametern und den damit verbundenen Veränderungen der mikrobiellen Diversität aufgeklärt werden. Ein nicht unerheblicher methodischer Fokus lag hierbei in der Verknüpfung moderner molekularbiologischer Techniken („Next-generation sequencing“) mit klassischer, auf Observation basierender Feldmyko- logie. Die vorliegende Arbeit umfasst -
12 Tremellomycetes and Related Groups
12 Tremellomycetes and Related Groups 1 1 2 1 MICHAEL WEIß ,ROBERT BAUER ,JOSE´ PAULO SAMPAIO ,FRANZ OBERWINKLER CONTENTS I. Introduction I. Introduction ................................ 00 A. Historical Concepts. ................. 00 Tremellomycetes is a fungal group full of con- B. Modern View . ........................... 00 II. Morphology and Anatomy ................. 00 trasts. It includes jelly fungi with conspicuous A. Basidiocarps . ........................... 00 macroscopic basidiomes, such as some species B. Micromorphology . ................. 00 of Tremella, as well as macroscopically invisible C. Ultrastructure. ........................... 00 inhabitants of other fungal fruiting bodies and III. Life Cycles................................... 00 a plethora of species known so far only as A. Dimorphism . ........................... 00 B. Deviance from Dimorphism . ....... 00 asexual yeasts. Tremellomycetes may be benefi- IV. Ecology ...................................... 00 cial to humans, as exemplified by the produc- A. Mycoparasitism. ................. 00 tion of edible Tremella fruiting bodies whose B. Tremellomycetous Yeasts . ....... 00 production increased in China alone from 100 C. Animal and Human Pathogens . ....... 00 MT in 1998 to more than 250,000 MT in 2007 V. Biotechnological Applications ............. 00 VI. Phylogenetic Relationships ................ 00 (Chang and Wasser 2012), or extremely harm- VII. Taxonomy................................... 00 ful, such as the systemic human pathogen Cryp- A. Taxonomy in Flow -
Growth and Dimorphism of the Mycoparasite Tremella Encephala As Affected by Different Nitrogen and Carbon Sources and the Host Presence
Cryptogamie,Mycologie, 2009, 30 (1): 3-3-19 © 2009 Adac. Tous droits réservés Growth and dimorphism of the mycoparasite Tremella encephala as affected by different nitrogen and carbon sources and the host presence EmiliaPIPPOLAa* &Minna-MaaritKYTÖVIITAb a Department of Biology,P.O. Box 3000, FI-90014 University of Oulu, Finland, [email protected], Tel. +358 50 5402551, Fax: +358 8 5531061 b Department of Biological and Environmental Science, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014 University of Jyväskylä, Finland, [email protected], Tel. +358 14 260 2293, Fax: +358 14 260 2321 Abstract – Tremella encephala is a haustorial biotrophic fungal parasite which grows both in the yeast and mycelial form during its life cycle. Biology of such non-commercial parasitic and dimorphic fungi is poorly known. We examined the effects of different nitrogen and carbon sources on growth and morphogenetic switch in T. encephala , as well as its host- specificity, host-parasite interaction and the effect of media on parasitism by culturing it alone, together with the known host Stereum sanguinolentum and with the possible host Stereum hirsutum on two different media. Tremella encephala utilized many organic and inorganic nitrogen sources and showed high variation in cellular nitrogen concentrations. Only glucose, glycerol and D-mannitol were exploited as the sole sources of carbon. Remarkable variation in dimorphism was observed between and within the strains. Parasitic interaction was not manifested in this laboratory study. Tremella encephala is not a strictly obligate parasite. Under laboratory conditions it grew prevailingly in the yeast form which may be more common in nature than currently known. -
Proposed Program for the Control of the Woodwasp Sirex Noctilio F. (Hymenoptera: Siricidae) in the Northeastern United States
United States Department of Agriculture Proposed Program for Marketing and Regulatory the Control of the Programs Animal and Woodwasp Sirex noctilio Plant Health Inspection Service F. (Hymenoptera: Siricidae) in the Northeastern United States Environmental Assessment, August 2008 Proposed Program for the Control of the Woodwasp Sirex noctilio F. (Hymenoptera: Siricidae) in the Northeastern United States Environmental Assessment August 2008 Agency Contact: Lynn Evans-Goldner Emergency and Domestic Programs Plant Protection and Quarantine Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service U.S. Department of Agriculture 4700 River Road, Unit 137 Riverdale, MD 20737 __________________________________________________________ The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all Its programs and activities on the basis of race, color, national origin, sex, religion, age, disability, political beliefs, sexual orientation, and marital or family status. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs.) Persons with disabilities who require alternative means for communication of program information (Braille, large print, audiotape, etc.) should contact USDA’s TARGET Center at (202) 720–2600 (voice and TDD). To file a complaint of discrimination, write USDA, Director, Office of Civil Rights, Room 326–W, Whitten Building, 1400 Independence Avenue, SW, Washington, DC 20250–9410 or call (202) 720–5964 (voice and TDD). USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. __________________________________________________________ Mention of companies or commercial products in this report does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture over others not mentioned. USDA neither guarantees nor warrants the standard of any product mentioned. Product names are mentioned solely to report factually on available data and to provide specific information. -
Comparative Genomics of Russulales
bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.02.23.432530; this version posted March 6, 2021. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. Comparative genomics of Russulales Evolutionary priming and transition to the ectomycorrhizal habit in an iconic lineage of mushroom-forming fungi: is preadaptation a requirement? Brian Looney1#†, Shingo Miyauchi2†, Emmanuelle Morin2, Elodie Drula3, Pierre Emmanuel Courty4, Annegret Kohler2, Alan Kuo5, Kurt LaButti5, Jasmyn Pangilinan5, Anna Lipzen5, Robert Riley5, William Andreopoulos5, Guifen He5, Jenifer Johnson5, Matt Nolan5, Andrew Tritt5, Kerrie W. Barry5, Igor V. Grigoriev5+1, László G. Nagy6+1, David Hibbett1, Bernard Henrissat3, P. Brandon Matheny7, Jessy Labbé8*, and Francis M. Martin2+1*# 1 Department of Biology, Clark University, Worcester, MA, USA 2 INRAE, UMR Interactions Arbres/Microorganismes, Université de Lorraine, Centre INRAE Grand Est-Nancy, Champenoux, France 2+1 Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China 3 INRAE, USC1408 Architecture et Fonction des Macromolécules Biologiques (AFMB), Marseille, France 3+1 Department of Biological Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia 4 INRAE, Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, Université de Bourgogne, Université de Bourgogne Franche- Comté, Dijon, France