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ROADMAP TOWARDS THE WHITE PAPER GOAL ON URBAN MOBILITY © BAPTS URBAN MOBILITY ROADMAP 1 This project is co-funded by the European Union ROADMAP towards goal 1 of the White Paper on Transport: »Halve the use of ‘conventionally-fuelled’ cars in urban transport by 2030; phase them out in cities by 2050; achieve essentially CO2-free city logistics in major urban centres by 2030.« The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme [FP7/2007-2013] under grant agreement n° MOVE/FP7/321565/TRANSFORUM. The TRANSFORuM consortium: The TRANSFORuM Project was coordinated by Copyright 2014 | TRANSFORuM project | www.transforum-project.eu Suggested citation: Gudmundsson, H.; Schippl, J.; Leiren, M.; Brand, R.; Sørensen, C. H.; Anderton, K.; Reichenbach, M. (2014) TRANSFORuM Roadmap Urban Transport. Cologne / Köln: Rupprecht Consult. Layout by alma grafica. Nicole Sillner. Ansbach, Germany. www.almagrafica.de THE CONVERSATION DOES NOT STOP ON 8 DECEMBER 2014! The comments we receive at the conference on 8 December 2014 will still be considered in the condensed version of the TRANSFORuM Roadmaps and for the Strategic Outlook document. We will also compile the essence of the Brussels discussions on our project website. The conversation about the revision of the White Paper and the best ways to im- plement its goals will also continue on the TRANSFORuM website, where we pro- vide an online forum for all your thoughts, comments, criticisms and suggestions. Keep the discussion alive. www.transforum-project.eu GENERAL INFORMATION The present document is the Roadmap 2.0 on Urban Mobility of the FP7 project TRANSFORuM. This roadmap is one element of the formal Deliverable 6.2 “Consolidated roadmaps and recommendations to reach selected EC 2011 WP goals”. More information about the project can be found at www.transforum-project.eu Project details Project title TRANSFORuM - Transforming European Transport through an Active Actors Forum Grant Agreement No. MOVE/FP7/321565/TRANSFORUM Project Start Date 01 February 2013 Duration 24 months Document details Deliverable no. D 6.2 “Consolidated roadmaps and recommendations to reach selected EC 2011 WP goals” (this document together with three other thematic roadmaps and recommendations on joint actions) Dissemination level Public Work Package WP6 “Implementation roadmaps, concrete recommendations and a detailed strategic outlook" Author(s) Henrik Gudmundsson (Technical University of Denmark) Jens Schippl (Karlsruhe Institute of Technology) Merethe Dotterud Leiren (Institute of Transport Economics, Oslo) Ralf Brand (Rupprecht Consult, Cologne) Claus Hedegaard Sørensen (Technical University of Denmark) Karen Anderton (University of Oxford) Max Reichenbach (Karlsruhe Institute of Technology) Status Final Publcation date January 2015 TABLE OF CONTENT 1 Information about the TRANSFORuM project 8 2 The White Paper goal on Urban Mobility 10 2.1 The “spirit” of the White Paper goal on urban mobility 11 2.2 Embracing the goal 12 2.3 Stakeholders’ perspectives of the goal 13 2.4 TRANSFORuM’s interpretations of the goal 14 3 Conditions for change 16 3.1 Mapping the current situation 16 3.2 Stakeholder groups 18 3.3 Key trends 19 3.4 Barriers for change 22 4 Building blocks for change 24 4.1 Overall perspective 24 4.2 Strategic building blocks explored 25 4.3 Technological substitution of conventional passenger cars and fuels 26 4.4 Reduced use of private passenger cars for transport in cities 28 4.5 Increased utilisation of low carbon city logistics technologies and practices 30 6 4.6 Cross-cutting building blocks 32 4.7 From strategy to action 33 5 Governance frameworks for change 34 5.1 Introduction 34 5.2 Governance processes and frameworks 34 5.3 Empowering cities 34 5.4 Integration and networking 35 5.5 Funding and planning 35 5.6 Tracking progress in a transparent way 36 6 Example pathways towards the urban mobility goal 38 6.1 Technology substitution pathway: Waterberg 39 6.2 Modal sharing pathway: Viga 43 6.3 ‘Starter’ pathway: Valanov 47 7 Key messages and action steps 52 7.1 Key messages 52 7.2 Action steps – who has to do what by when? 55 7.3 European level 60 7.4 National level 61 7.5 City level 63 7.6 Conclusion 65 8 References 66 ROADMAP TOWARDS THE WHITE PAPER GOAL ON URBAN MOBILITY TABLES Table 1: Examples of key trends and their potential impact on the urban mobility goal 20 Table 2: Main characteristics of the three fictive cities – "Waterberg, Viga and Valanov" 38 Table 3: Milestones adopted in "Waterberg" 41 Table 4: Milestones adopted in “Viga” 45 Table 5: Milestones adopted in “Valanov” 50 Table 6: Milestone descriptions for urban mobility roadmaps 56 Table 7: Proposed processes and measures at the EU and national levels 58 Table 8: Proposed processes and actions at the urban level – key examples 59 FIGURES Figure 1: Passenger modal split for selected European cities 17 Figure 2: Market share and EVs sold across Europe 21 Figure 3: Strategic areas and building blocks for urban mobility 25 Figure 4: Imagined pathway for fictive city “Waterberg” 39 Figure 5: Imagined pathway for fictive city “Viga” 43 Figure 6: Imagined pathway for fictive city “Valanov” 48 7 LIST OF ACRONYMS BRT Bus rapid transit MIMP Multimodal information, management and payment CLCS City logistics service centre PHEV Plug-in hybrid electric vehicle CNG Compressed natural gas PM Particulate matter EFV Electric freight vehicle PPP Public-private partnership EIB European Investment Bank R&D Research and development EV Electric vehicle RFSC (European) Reference Framework for EVSE Electric vehicle supply equipment Sustainable Cities FCV Fuel cell vehicle RME Rapeseed methyl ester GHG Greenhouse gas SUMP Sustainable urban mobility plan HEV Hybrid electric vehicle UCC Urban consolidation centre ICE Internal combustion engine UEMI Urban Electric Mobility Initiative ICT Information and communications ULEV Ultra low emission vehicle technology ULEZ Ultra low emission zone ILUC Indirect land use change UMO Urban Mobility Observatory ITS Intelligent transport systems WHO World Health Organisation LEZ Low emission zone ZEV Zero emission vehicle LPG Liquefied petroleum gas 1 Information about the TRANSFORuM project Generally speaking, the FP7 project TRANSFORuM TRANSFORuM’s underlying assumption was that pol- 8 contributes to the transformation of the European icymaking should be based on an in-depth under- transport system towards more competitiveness and standing of all stakeholders’ positions and that coor- resource efficiency. It has done so by engaging key dinated action among them is more effective than any stakeholders in carefully moderated forum activities solo attempts. The TRANSFORuM consultation pro- and through other consultation measures in order cess was therefore designed to elicit these views and to identify their views about the related challenges, to facilitate the emergence of synergy ideas. barriers, trends, opportunities and win-win potentials. TRANSFORuM thus facilitated a discussion forum of The concrete conversations with and among stake- relevant actors and stakeholders about the best ways holders were conducted through many direct inter- to reach four key goals of the 2011 European White views, 130 responses to our online survey, via various Paper on Transport: social media channels and the feedback function of our project website. Most importantly, though, TRANS- Clean urban transport and CO2-free city logis- FORuM organised 10 face-to-face workshops in 10 dif- tics (goal 1) ferent European countries – at four of which urban mobility was addressed (see overleaf). Shift of road freight to rail and waterborne trans- port (goal 3) We paid careful attention to ensure a balanced rep- resentation of all types of stakeholders: Men and Complete and maintain the European high-speed women, established large companies and innovative rail network (goal 4) start-ups, representatives from all corners of Eu- rope, suppliers and users, hardware and software European multimodal transport information, man- companies etc. This selection process was based on agement and payment (MIMP) system (goal 8) TRANSFORuM’s first official deliverable (“Shaping the TRANSFORuM Network” – available on our website), which spells out the criteria that guides our stakehold- ROADMAP TOWARDS THE WHITE PAPER GOAL ON URBAN MOBILITY er selection. To ensure the complete transparency The document has the following structure: of this process we made the list of attendees of our events always publicly available on our website. Our Chapter 2 introduces the urban transport goal in participants included representatives of city admin- more detail and explains how stakeholders and the istrations, producers and developers of vehicles and TRANSFORuM consortium have interpreted it. energy technologies, transport operators and mobility service providers, businesses and experts involved in Chapter 3 outlines the context in which a roadmap is freight and urban logistic services, representatives of to be developed in terms of existing trends, variations citizen organisations, think tanks and other NGOs and in conditions and governance arrangements across members of national and European programmes and Europe and barriers for implementation. platforms supporting clean urban mobility. Chapter 4 presents the basic strategic building blocks This roadmap is primarily based on the stakeholder for a roadmap, in terms of the ways in which urban debates at the following TRANSFORuM workshops transport can be
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