INDIA and SCIENCE Samuel Paul David HiLASE Center, Institute of Physics of The Czech Academy of Sciences
[email protected] 2nd International Researchers Meet Up – 08 July, 2020 India Czech Republic Population 1.39 billion (~36,000 births 10.58 million (~140 births per per day) – 131 times population day) Population density 422 people/km2 – > 3 times 134 people/km2 Total Area 3,287,260 km2 - ~42 times 78,870 km2 Delhi Prague Population ~30 million ~1.3 million Population density ~29,200 people/km2 4600 people/km2 80% Hindus 10.3% Catholics 13% Muslims 0.5% Protestant 2.3% Christians 0.4% Hussites 1.9% Sikhs 9.4% Other beliefs 0.8% Buddhists 0.4% Jains Total = 20.6% Total = 98.4% 2nd International Researchers Meet Up – 08 July, 2020 India’s Scientific Contributions – Brief list • 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 – Arabic numerals • Originally called as Hindu-Arabic numerals !! • World’s first university – Takshashilla Univerisy during 700 BC •Chess – Chaturanga invented in India in 6th century •Shampoo – From Hindi “Champo” •Ayurveda – Ancient medicinal treatment 2100 years ago ! • Fibonacci pattern numbers used in India by Virahanka during 700 AD • Meghnad Saha – Saha’s equation essential to study spectra from stars • Har Gobind Khorana – First person to synthesize an artificial gene in a living cell • Mysorean rockets – First iron cased rocket. British copied later •Concept of atom, cotton cultivation, sugar production, Indigo ink and so on………………. 2nd International Researchers Meet Up – 08 July, 2020 Notable Indian Scientists – Ancient and recent Aryabhatta - Fifth century mathematician, astronomer, astrologer and a physicist.