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O Processo Decisório Judicial À Luz Dos Tipos Psicológicos De Carl Gustav Jung

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O Processo Decisório Judicial À Luz Dos Tipos Psicológicos De Carl Gustav Jung O PROCESSO DECISÓRIO JUDICIAL À LUZ DOS TIPOS PSICOLÓGICOS DE CARL GUSTAV JUNG (DISSERTAÇÃO DE MESTRADO ) ORIENTADORA: PROF A DRA LÍDIA REIS DE ALMEIDA PRADO CANDIDATO: ANTOIN ABOU KHALIL (N O USP: 492.351) FACULDADE DE DIREITO DA UNIVERSIDADE DE SÃO PAULO DEPARTAMENTO DE FILOSOFIA E TEORIA GERAL DO DIREITO (DFD) SÃO PAULO (SP) 2010 Todas as opiniões que há sobre a natureza Nunca fizeram crescer uma erva ou nascer uma flor. Toda a sabedoria a respeito das cousas Nunca foi cousa em que pudesse pegar, como nas cousas; Se a ciência quer ser verdadeira, Que ciência mais verdadeira que a das cousas sem ciência? Fecho os olhos e a terra dura sobre que me deito Tem uma realidade tão real que até as minhas costas a sentem, Não preciso de raciocínio onde tenho espáduas. --- x --- Assim como falham as palavras quando querem exprimir qualquer pensamento, Assim falham os pensamentos quando querem exprimir qualquer realidade. Mas, como a realidade pensada não é a dita mas a pensada, Assim a mesma dita realidade existe, não o ser pensada. Assim tudo o que existe, simplesmente existe. O resto é uma espécie de sono que temos, Uma velhice que nos acompanha desde a infância da doença. --- x --- O espelho reflete certo; não erra porque não pensa. Pensar é essencialmente errar. Errar é essencialmente estar cego e surdo. (Alberto Caeiro) 1 1 PESSOA, Fernando. Obra e Poética em Prosa, vol. 1, in “Poemas Inconjuntos”, Lello & Irmão – Editores, Porto, 1986, pp. 798, 792 e 793. 1 RESUMO O presente trabalho tem por objeto a análise da influência do psiquismo do juiz no modo como preside o processo – estilo de colheita de dados e relacionamento com os de- mais sujeitos (partes e advogados, principalmente) – e produz suas decisões. Há, portanto, uma interface entre Direito e Psicologia, tomando-se como paradigma a teoria dos tipos psicológicos de Carl Gustav Jung e seguidores, com os acréscimos que lhe foram feitos por Isabel Briggs Myers e Katharine Cook Briggs. Para fins de contraste, a teoria de Jung é confrontada com a tipologia psicanalítica de Freud. No âmbito jurídico, especial atenção é dada à relação das funções pensamento e sentimento com o “senso de justiça”, sugerindo- se que a teoria tridimensional do Direito, de Miguel Reale, seja a expressão jurídica do uso equilibrado das funções perceptivas e judicativas. Esta a primeira parte do trabalho. Na segunda, são analisados tipologicamente seis magistrados do Tribunal de Justiça do Estado de São Paulo, tomando-se por base sua atuação profissional, conforme por eles expressa em entrevista. A entrevista foi feita a partir de um questionário padrão, de modo a estabelecer paralelos discursivos e daí colher semelhanças e diferenças, analisadas à luz do tipo psicológico aferido. Para aferição do tipo psicológico de cada entrevistado, além da análise do conteúdo de sua fala, foi aplicado um segundo questionário, de natureza especí- fica. A título de conclusão, verificou-se haver grande consistência no postulado de que existe correlação entre o tipo de personalidade do magistrado e o resultado de seu trabalho. Isso abre grandes perspectivas seja de estudo-aprendizado na área, seja de aperfeiçoamento profissional e pessoal destes agentes, cuja atividade é tão vital para o processo de produção de justiça no caso concreto. 2 “ABSTRACT” This paper is aimed at analyzing the influence of the judge’s psyche as s/he pre- sides over the process – the way s/he collects data and relates with the other parties (to the lawsuit and attorneys, mainly) – and makes his/her decisions. There is therefore an inter- face between Law and Psychology, since we have selected as a paradigm the theory of psychological types of Carl Gustav Jung and his followers, with the additions made by Isabel Briggs Myers and Katharine Cook Briggs. For contrasting purposes, Jung's theory is compared with Freud's psychoanalytical typology. From a legal perspective, special atten- tion is given to the correlation between thought and feeling functions and the «sense of fairness», and it is suggested that Miguel Reale’s three-dimensional theory of Law be the legal expression of the balanced use of perceptive and judicative functions. This is the first part of the paper. In the second, six judges of the São Paulo State Court are typologically analyzed, based on their professional activities, as stated by them during an interview. The interview was based on a standard questionnaire so as to draw discursive parallels and be able to col- lect similarities and differences in the light of the psychological type assessed. To assess the psychological type of each interviewee, in addition to analyzing their speech content, a second questionnaire, of a specific nature, was applied. In conclusion, the assumption that there is a correlation between a judge’s type of personality and the result of his/her work has proven to be greatly consistent. This could bring great prospects, both in area studies and learning and the personal and professional improvement of these agents, whose activity is so vital to the actual process of administer- ing justice. 3 AGRADECIMENTOS Como nenhum empreendimento é fruto do trabalho de um único indivíduo, cumpre agra- decer a muitas pessoas, especialmente: A Maria Luiza Sant’Anna do Amaral, nossa “Liza”, pelo apoio técnico, sem o qual este trabalho não seria possível; Aos magistrados “Isabella”, “Mirtes”, “Judith”, “Émerson”, “Eustáquio” e “Evandro”, que me acolheram com generosidade e afeto, franqueando-me o caminho de acesso aos basti- dores de sua atuação profissional. Por dever de ofício, para o mundo hão de continuar anô- nimos, mas seus nomes seguirão comigo vida afora, gravados em meu coração; Aos Professores Doutores Anna Mathilde Pacheco e Chaves, Laura Villares de Freitas e José Jorge de Morais Zacharias, pelo inestimável auxílio acadêmico, contribuindo com instrução, sugestões e críticas; A meus sócios, Luiz Carlos Waisman Fleitlich e Roberto da Silva Rocha, em nome de quem prestigio todos os meus colegas de trabalho, sem os quais eu não teria tido o equilí- brio necessário para dedicar tempo à pesquisa; A Aldacy, Naty e Otavio, pelas muitas horas de atenção e convívio que viram ser sacrifi- cadas; Por fim, à Prof a Dr a Lídia Reis de Almeida Prado, pela paciente orientação, marcada pela sensibilidade que lhe é peculiar e pela precisão científica; não apenas me permitiu sonhar, mas também sonhou comigo; não apenas me apontou o caminho, mas o trilhou a meu lado; não apenas me falou da importância do equilíbrio das funções para uma vida plena de sen- tido, como foi, em seu trabalho de orientação, exemplo disso. Se algum mérito resultou dessa empreitada, forçoso dividi-lo com ela. 4 ÍNDICE INTRODUÇÃO ............................................................................................................. 7/15 PARTE 1: A TEORIA DOS TIPOS Introdução à teoria dos tipos ......................................................................................... 16/23 Capítulo 1: Os tipos humanos na Psicanálise de Freud 1. Alguns conceitos de teoria psicanalítica ................................................................... 24/31 2. A fase oral ................................................................................................................. 32/33 3. A fase anal ................................................................................................................. 34/39 4. A fase fálica ............................................................................................................... 40/48 5. A fase genital ............................................................................................................. 49/51 6. Os tipos libidinais ...................................................................................................... 52/57 7. Conclusão .................................................................................................................. 58/62 Capítulo 2: A teoria dos tipos psicológicos de Carl Gustav Jung 1. Conceitos fundamentais da teoria dos tipos psicológicos ......................................... 63/64 2. As duas atitudes (introversão-“I” e extroversão-“E”) ............................................... 65/75 3. As quatro funções ...................................................................................................... 76/80 3.1 A dicotomia das funções perceptivas (sensação-“S” e intuição-“N”) 3.1.1. Sensação (S) ........................................................................................................ 81/84 3.1.2. Intuição (N) ......................................................................................................... 85/89 3.2. A dicotomia das funções judicativas (pensamento-“T” e sentimento-“F”) 3.2.1. Pensamento (T) ................................................................................................... 90/94 3.2.2. Sentimento (F) ................................................................................................... 95/103 3.3. Sobre as funções auxiliares ................................................................................ 104/106 3.4. A importância da função inferior no processo de individuação ......................... 107/112 Capítulo 3: A contribuição de Myers-Briggs 1. Histórico ................................................................................................................ 113/115 2. A dicotomia dos pares de funções quanto à sua natureza (tipos perceptivos-“P” e judica- tivos-“J”) ..................................................................................................................
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