Khabarnama 811.Qxd
Total Page：16
File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Washington's Handprints Found in Pakistan Crisis Management
Click here for Full Issue of EIR Volume 20, Number 29, July 30, 1993 Washington's handprints found in Pakistan crisis management by Susan B. Maitra and Ramtanu Maitra The three-month crisis in Pakistan, which took a full-blown whom are retired Anny men, have also been named. fonn on April 18 with the President dissolving Parliament and sacking the prime minister, has gone into a temporary u.s. meddling lull, with both the President, Ghulam Ishaq Khan, and the Prior to and throughout the crisis, one major player re prime minister, Nawaz Sharif, agreeing to step down. A mained in the shadows, namely Washington. Prime Minister caretaker prime minister and a caretaker President have as Sharif got on the wrong side of Washington when Arab lead sumed control at the center and four provinces of Pakistan, ers, allies of the United States, began complaining early this and preparations for the Oct. 6 national assembly and the year about the training of Muslim guerrillas in Pakistan by Oct. 9 provincial assembly elections have begun. the Pakistani Inter-Services Intelligence, under the tutelage The crisis had turned into a sordid drama and the country of Javed Nasir, an orthodox Muslim and a close follower of was increasingly ungovernable.During this period, the duly the prime minister. elected Nawaz Sharif governmentand the National Assembly Although Nawaz Sharif had supported the U.S. role in were dissolved by the President, who was already engaged the Gulf war and bent over backwards to accommodate the in a bitter feud with the prime minister. -
3 Who Is Who and What Is What
3 e who is who and what is what Ever Success - General Knowledge 4 Saad Book Bank, Lahore Ever Success Revised and Updated GENERAL KNOWLEDGE Who is who? What is what? CSS, PCS, PMS, FPSC, ISSB Police, Banks, Wapda, Entry Tests and for all Competitive Exames and Interviews World Pakistan Science English Computer Geography Islamic Studies Subjectives + Objectives etc. Abbreviations Current Affair Sports + Games Ever Success - General Knowledge 5 Saad Book Bank, Lahore © ALL RIGHTS RESERVED No part of this book may be reproduced In any form, by photostate, electronic or mechanical, or any other means without the written permission of author and publisher. Composed By Muhammad Tahsin Ever Success - General Knowledge 6 Saad Book Bank, Lahore Dedicated To ME Ever Success - General Knowledge 7 Saad Book Bank, Lahore Ever Success - General Knowledge 8 Saad Book Bank, Lahore P R E F A C E I offer my services for designing this strategy of success. The material is evidence of my claim, which I had collected from various resources. I have written this book with an aim in my mind. I am sure this book will prove to be an invaluable asset for learners. I have tried my best to include all those topics which are important for all competitive exams and interviews. No book can be claimed as prefect except Holy Quran. So if you found any shortcoming or mistake, you should inform me, according to your suggestions, improvements will be made in next edition. The author would like to thank all readers and who gave me their valuable suggestions for the completion of this book. -
Pakistan's Nuclear Exports
PAKISTAN’S NUCLEAR EXPORTS: WAS THERE A STATE STRATEGY? Paper prepared for the Nonproliferation Policy Education Center Bruno Tertrais 20 July 2006 How the Network Operated Most Pakistani nuclear-related exports began about a decade after their imports network was set up. The Pakistanis thus had acquired a very significant experience in dealing with nuclear transfers, legal and illegal. Contacts and procedures used for Pakistani imports were sometimes of direct use to exports when they involved transfers from Western firms, intermediaries and shell companies. The network exported two different things: know-how on uranium enrichment and weapons design, and centrifugation technology. Its clients were North Korea, Iran, Iraq, Libya, and maybe others. Once fully matured, it comprised several main “nodes”: the UAE (the “company’s headquarters”), Malaysia, Turkey, and South Africa – not including various personal properties around the world.1 There were half a dozen “workshops” around the globe, with Dubai serving as the main platform for re- exporting.2 AQ Khan set up dozens of shell companies to that effect, sometimes just for one-time use. A total of about 50 people were actively involved in the network.3 But AQ Khan operated with a dozen of key close associates. It was a “family business”. Those included: - Buhary Syed Abu Tahir, a Sri Lankan national. He was, so to say, the “chief operating officer” of the exports network. His involvement started in the second part of the 1980s.4 His “headquarters” were the Dubai-based firm SMB Computers. - Peter Griffin (a British national) and Mohammed Farooq (a Pakistani official), who were both involved also in the imports network. -
Ayub Khan to Zia-Ul-Haq, by Brig Gurmeet
Pakistan’s Long Tradition of Military Rule: Ayub Khan to Zia-ul-Haq Gurmeet Kanwal n March 25, 2008, Makhdoom Syed Yousuf Raza Gilani was sworn in as the 23rd prime minister of Pakistan. Thus, ended the most recent phase Oof military rule that had begun when, on October 12, 1999, the military jackboot had returned once again to crush Pakistan’s fledgling democracy and the hopes and dreams of its oppressed citizens. The international community had wrung its hands in despair and watched helplessly as Gen Pervez Musharraf, the “Chief Executive”, and his hawkish senior colleagues set about systematically undermining and, in places, even dismantling the civilian administrative structures and placing in supervisory positions junior army officers to extend military governance down to the grassroots levels. Bruised and battered into submission through a half-century of either direct military rule or the military’s watchful oversight over national affairs through a proxy civilian government, the people of Pakistan simply resigned themselves to their fate. Perhaps, they reasoned that only Allah could question those who have proclaimed themselves to be above the law. The militarisation of the Pakistani polity began soon after independence. A nation that chose to fight a war with its much larger and stronger neighbour even before finding its feet and consolidating its legally inherited territories, and in the bargain gave a major role to its army in national affairs, could not have hoped that the generals would ever again be content to play golf in their manicured cantonments and leave the politicians alone to play their dirty games. -
Countering Violent Extremism in Peshawar Pakistan Licona Bryan
Nova Southeastern University NSUWorks Department of Conflict Resolution Studies Theses CAHSS Theses and Dissertations and Dissertations 1-1-2018 Countering Violent Extremism in Peshawar Pakistan Licona Bryan This document is a product of extensive research conducted at the Nova Southeastern University College of Arts, Humanities, and Social Sciences. For more information on research and degree programs at the NSU College of Arts, Humanities, and Social Sciences, please click here. Follow this and additional works at: https://nsuworks.nova.edu/shss_dcar_etd Part of the International Relations Commons, Peace and Conflict Studies Commons, and the Sociology Commons Share Feedback About This Item This Dissertation is brought to you by the CAHSS Theses and Dissertations at NSUWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Department of Conflict Resolution Studies Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of NSUWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Countering Violent Extremism in Peshawar Pakistan by Bryan Licona A Dissertation Presented to the Graduate School of Humanities and Social Sciences of Nova Southeastern University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Nova Southeastern University 2018 Copyright © by Bryan Licona September 2018 Nova Southeastern University College of Arts, Humanities, and Social Sciences This dissertation was submitted by _Bryan Licona under the direction of the chair of the dissertation committee listed below. It wasEmitted to the College of Arts, Humanities, and Social Sciences and approved in partial fulfillment for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Conflict Analysis and Resolution at Nova Southeastern University. Approved: /,/,,/,==:I , i -.-`.-i.-i..`, -.--I---- Date of Defense E]- %:::inD.Bema,Ph.D.-i:i_ fl; ¢thf L-, Neil Katz, Ph.D. -
Compliance and Defiance in Patron-Client State Relationships: a Case Study of Pakistan‘S Relationship with the United States, 1947-2013
COMPLIANCE AND DEFIANCE IN PATRON-CLIENT STATE RELATIONSHIPS: A CASE STUDY OF PAKISTAN‘S RELATIONSHIP WITH THE UNITED STATES, 1947-2013 A THESIS SUBMITTED FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY OF THE AUSTRALIAN NATIONAL UNIVERSITY ALY ZAMAN AUGUST 2015 © Copyright by Aly Zaman 2015 Declaration I declare that this thesis is my own work and, to the best of my knowledge, does not contain material previously written or published by any other person except where due acknowledgment is made in the text or footnotes. Aly Zaman 2 Dedication This thesis is dedicated to my parents for their prayers and their unwavering faith in me even as I myself often struggled to overcome those twin evils of self-doubt and despair. It is also dedicated to my wife Sahar for the constancy of her love, encouragement and support, and to my daughter Fatima, my pride and joy. 3 Acknowledgements First and foremost, I must express my profound gratitude to Almighty Allah for having blessed me with the ability to complete this project. An undertaking of this magnitude inevitably throws up a variety of challenges, some of them quite formidable, of which I faced my fair share. Whatever success I achieved in overcoming them I owe overwhelmingly to Allah‘s boundless grace and generosity. I thank the members of my supervisory panel for their comments and suggestions, particularly my thesis supervisor, Professor Amin Saikal, who was always generous and forthcoming in providing advice, encouragement and support. Dr Samina Ahmed, my former employer at the International Crisis Group, was an advisor on my panel and provided valuable feedback and suggestions on many occasions. -
Frontline Pakistan
FRONTLINE PAKISTAN For my mother, Tahira Khatoon, who gave me the courage to face life head-on, and Razia Bhatti, who taught me how to write FRONTLINE PAKISTAN THE STRUGGLE WITH MILITANT ISLAM ZAHID HUSSAIN Published in 2007 by I.B.Tauris & Co Ltd 6 Salem Road, London W2 4BU 175 Fifth Avenue, New York NY 10010 www.ibtauris.com In the United States of America and in Canada distributed by Palgrave Macmillan, a division of St Martin’s Press 175 Fifth Avenue, New York NY 10010 Copyright © Zahid Hussain, 2007 The right of Zahid Hussain to be identified as the author of this work has been asserted by the author in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved. Except for brief quotations in a review, this book, or any part thereof, may not be reproduced, stored in or introduced into a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. ISBN 978 1 84511 266 0 A full CIP record for this book is available from the British Library A full CIP record for this book is available from the Library of Congress Library of Congress catalog card: available Typeset in Quadraat by Steve Tribe, Andover Printed and bound in Great Britain by CPI, Bath CONTENTS Preface vii Acknowledgements xi Prologue: Pakistan against Itself 1 1. Pakistan’s Unholy Alliance: The Militants and the Military 12 2. Volte-Face 33 3. Inside Jihad: Army of the Pure 51 4. -
Turning Points and Nuclear Choices ~
Turning Points and Nuclear Choices ~ ~ Pakistan tested a series of nuclear devices on May 28 and 30, 1998, signaling the abandonment of its policy of nuclear ambiguity, which it had adopted in the 1980s.' Under this policy, Pakistan had neither renounced nor acquired nuclear weapons for overt weaponization. The Pakistani action was motivated primarily by similar tests conducted in India on May 11 and 13, and was taken by Pakistan's nuclear weapons decisionmaking apparatus, comprising the military and the civil bureaucracy, including nuclear scientists. Despite a rigorous debate on the pros and cons of testing, Pakistan's political leadership played only a marginal role in determining Islamabad's response. Following the tests, Pakistan laid claim to the status of a nuclear weapons state, with Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif declaring, "No matter we are recognized as a nuclear weapons power or not, we are a nuclear power."' Pakistan's decision to test its nuclear capability represents a major turning point in its nuclear program. To date, however, Islamabad has given no indi- cation that it intends to weaponize and deploy its nuclear devices and their delivery systems. Pakistani policymakers have three choices: (1) to adopt an overt nuclear weapons posture, which would involve the development, assem- bly, and deployment of nuclear weapons and their delivery systems; (2) to maintain the new status quo, that is, to retain an overt nuclear weapons capability without opting for deployment of nuclear weapons and their deliv- ery systems; or (3) to roll back the nuclear weapons program and accept the international nonproliferation regime. The acceptance or rejection of any of these options will be determined, as in the past, by a number of related domestic, regional, and international variables. -
Power Sharing in Pakistan: a Failed Experience from 1988-1999
Pakistan Social Sciences Review P-ISSN 2664-0422 March 2021, Vol. 5, No. I [218-230] O-ISSN 2664-0430 RESEARCH PAPER Power Sharing in Pakistan: A Failed Experience from 1988-1999 Prof. Dr. Iram Khalid* 1 Muhammad Afzal Sajid 2 1. Chairperson, Department of Political Science, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan 2. Ph. D Scholar, Department of Political Science, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan PAPER INFO ABSTRACT Received: The present study focuses on the democratic experience of January 19, 2021 Pakistan under a female Prime Minister and a leader from the Accepted: largest province. The crash of Zia ul Haq’s plane marked the March 01, 2021 beginning of a new era and after a long time the dawn of Online: democracy dawned and establishment announced the March 15, 2021 restoration of democracy in the state. Even though, it had Keywords: already lifted martial law in 1985 but still the system was Benazir Bhutto, running under Zia. A long decade of dictatorship rule had Democracy, badly affected the beauty of democracy. A new period started Democratization, with the expectation that it would give rise to affluence and Martial Law, stability in the system of government, but it did not meet the Nawaz Sharif standards of the people and the system was not allowed to *Corresponding grow in a democratic way. The study concludes with the Author observation that undemocratic behavior and practices failed the iramkrc.polsc@ power sharing in Pakistan’s political system. pu.edu.pk Introduction Over the last 73 years, Pakistan’s experience with democracy has been transitional, with a short democratic retro followed by long military rule and when army takes power directly, it suspends the constitution immediately and put a ban on politician and political parties. -
Is Pakistan Sliding Towards a Coup?
ISAS Brief No. 341 – 2 September 2014 Institute of South Asian Studies National University of Singapore 29 Heng Mui Keng Terrace #08-06 (Block B) Singapore 119620 Tel: (65) 6516 4239 Fax: (65) 6776 7505 www.isas.nus.edu.sg http://southasiandiaspora.org Is Pakistan Sliding Towards a Coup? Shahid Javed Burki1 In wondering which way Pakistan is headed I am reminded of a conversation I had with General Abdul Waheed Kakar in July 1993. He was then Pakistan’s Chief of Army Staff and had forced President Ghulam Ishaq Khan and Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif to resign from their respective offices. An interim government was appointed with Moeen Qureshi, former Senior Vice President at the World Bank, as Prime Minister. I was made the new prime minister’s economic advisor. Recounting what had happened a month earlier, the General said that “two senior-most executives of the government, the president and prime minister, were behaving as school kids. I had to come in as a monitor and expelled both of them”. It does not seem that the political system has matured much in the 20-year sordid period since then. Once again the army has been called in to arbitrate a dispute between the government and one noisy section of the opposition. But if the armed forces are now on their way back into the corridors of political power, they are following a script different from that which the 1 Mr Shahid Javed Burki is Visiting Senior Research Fellow at the Institute of South Asian Studies (ISAS), an autonomous research institute at the National University of Singapore. -
Changing Nature of Competition in the Weak Party System of Hybrid Regime in Pakistan Ph.D
PhD Program in Political Theory, Political History and Political Science Changing Nature of Competition in the Weak Party System of Hybrid Regime in Pakistan Ph.D. Candidate: Muhammad Salman Supervisor: Prof. Lorenzo De. Sio Abstract Pakistan as different post-colonial states had experienced three military rules till 2008 since its inception in 1947. During and in between different military rule political parties did not cease to exist barring few. These parties have been engaged in a contentious competition among each other that has paved the way for different military rules. After the end of last military rule in 2008 Pakistan had gone through three consecutive elections with three different parties gaining majority. During this period the nature of competition has been oscillating between contentious and cooperative forms. This dissertation combines the theoretical traditions of hybrid regimes and party-system institutionalization to explain the changing political dynamics of Pakistan. Case of Pakistan is analyzed with reference to configurative approach of Gilbert and Mohseni (2011) in linkage with the concept of party-system institutionalization (PSI), proposed by Mainwaring and Scully (1995). It is proposed that in the presence of current degree of PSI in Pakistan, hybridity of the regime will persist. Key words: Hybrid regime, Party-system Institutionalization, Competition, Party Rootedness, Tutelary Interference Acknowledgement: I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my Supervisor Prof. Lorenzo De. Sio, whose guidance and inputs have enabled me to improve my research. I would also like to thank my university, LUISS Guido Carli for providing me an amazing opportunity to study is such an esteemed institution. -
20061023-Tertrais-Pakistan
PAKISTAN’S NUCLEAR EXPORTS: WAS THERE A STATE STRATEGY? Paper prepared for the Non-proliferation Education Centre Bruno Tertrais Senior Research Fellow, Fondation pour la Recherche Stratégique Updated 20 October 2006 How the Network Operated Pakistani nuclear-related exports began about a decade after their imports network was set up in the mid-1970s. The Pakistanis thus had acquired a very significant experience in dealing with nuclear transfers, legal and illegal. Contacts and procedures used for Pakistani imports were sometimes of direct use to exports when they involved transfers from Western firms, intermediaries and shell companies. The network exported two different things: know-how on uranium enrichment and weapons design, and centrifugation technology. Its clients were North Korea, Iran, Iraq, Libya, and maybe others. Once fully matured, it comprised several main “nodes”: the UAE (the “company’s headquarters”, starting in 1999), Malaysia, Turkey, South Africa – not including various personal properties around the world.1 There were half a dozen “workshops” around the globe, with Dubai serving as the main platform for re-exporting.2 AQ Khan set up dozens of shell companies to that effect, sometimes just for one-time use. A total of about 50 people were actively involved in the network.3 But AQ Khan operated with a dozen of key close associates, who were sometimes in competition with each other. It was a real “family business”. Those included: - Buhary Syed Abu Tahir, a Sri Lankan national. He was, so to say, the “chief operating officer” of the exports network. His involvement started in the second part of the 1980s.4 His “headquarters” were the Dubai-based firm SMB Computers.