STATE-REGION7 FUTURE -'adeavailable under NASA sponsorWip Great Lakes Region in the interc-st of early and wide dis. sominiation of Earth Resources Survey - O Program inforration and without liability for any use m-Ue thereof." ft.14 /, a / 7 1'975 NationalWater Assessment ' E91O3) STAT' -REGIZONAI ]FUTU]RE GR /- N79-30594 ,LAKES REGION: IBM 1975 NIAfIONaL WATEE ,A.SESSHENIT (Great Liakes Basin Comm'ission) , /­ / / All / Juy 97 iE 1023\t6 •TT-EII c- # - I ~ . 7 NataJaonal Ws STATE-REGIONJ FUTURE Made available under NASA sponsorWip Great Lakes Region Ithe intercst of early and wide dis. ,minat,on of Earth Resources Survey if. - 1 ­ rograril Iqfcrtion and without liability I rany use m-Ude thereof." 4 ~~44of ,~~~ I Irlrf Ii :15 7' 1975 National Water Assessment '(E7~9jI0233) STAT' -REGIONA1 , < PUTU1E GRtEAT t r N79_30594/ LAKES REGION: THI 1975 11fICNAL flER 'ASSESSMENT (Great,ftakes Basin Commission) 119 p A~C A09/MP A01 / ) /"- C\sc/8l / Inclas - /fl" 'G3/43 00233, / / 1 I \ / iiI, I I I II I - - \fj i 1 \ Ii STATE-REGIONAL FUTURE GREAT LAKES REGION 1975 National Water Assessment Great Lakes Basin Commission July 1976 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page No. INTRODUCTION......................... 1 REGIONAL GOALS ........... ............... .......... 7 LAKE SUPERIOR REGIONAL GOALS . ................. 8 LAKE MICHIGAN REGIONAL GOALS ....... .................... 15 LAKE HURON REGIONAL GOALS ........ ...................... 22 LAKE ERIE REGIONAL GOALS . .............. 25 LAKE ONTARIO REGIONAL GOALS ...... 32 SOCIO-ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS........ ..................... 41 LAKE SUPERIOR REGION - ASA 01 ..... .. ..... 43 NORTHWESTERN LAKE MICHIGAN REGION - ASA 02 .... ........... 47 SOUTHWESTERN LAKE MICHIGAN REGION - ASA 03 . 47 EASTERN LAKE MICHIGAN REGION - ASA 04..... ........ .. 47 LAKE HURON REGION - ASA 05 . WESTERN LAKE ERIE REGION - ASA 06 ...... .................. .. 52 EASTERN LAKE ERIE REGION - ASA 07...... ................. 52 LAKE ONTARIO-ST LAWRENCE REGION - ASA 08. .. .......... 55 NATURAL RESOURCES OF THE GREAT LAKES BASIN . ........ 57 AREAS OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERN . ........ ........ 57 FORESTS ............ .......... 58 WILD AND SCENIC RIVERS . .............. ...... 65 GREAT LAKES SHORELANDS . 76 WETLANDS . ............ 79 NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGES. ............. 80 THREATENED FISH AND WILDLIFE OF THE GREAT LAKES BASIN ...... 86 UNUSUAL OR UNIQUE WILDLIFE ....... ........... ....... .. 87 GREAT LAKES FISHERY. .......... 90 VOLUMETRIC REQUIREMENTS . 93 POPULATION ........... ........................ 94 DOMESTIC CENTRAL SYSTEM WATER USE ..... ............... 96 DOMESTIC WATER USE FROM NON-CENTRAL SYSTEMS . ........ 96 MANUFACTURING WATER USE........ ................ ... 97 MINERAL WATER USE ........ ............. 97 IRRIGATION WATER USE ......... ...................... 98 LIVESTOCK WATER USE. ................... 98 STEAM ELECTRIC POWER GENERATION WATER USES ..... .... 99 2. TABLE OF CONTENTS (contmnued) Page No. LAKE SUPERIOR REGION - ASA 01 .................. 102 NORTHWESTERN LAKE MICHIGAN REGION - ASA 02 .... .. 110 SOUTHWESTERN LAKE MICHIGAN REGION - ASA 03 ............. .. 110 EASTERN LAKE MICHIGAN REGION - ASA 04. ............ ...... 10 LAKE HURON REGION - ASA 05 .... .. .................. .... 113 WESTERN LAKE ERIE REGION - ASA 06......... .... 118 EASTERN LAKE ERIE REGION - ASA 07. .............. 118 LAKE ONTARIO-ST. LAWRENCE REGION - ASA 08 .. .............. 123 NON-VOLUMETRIC REQUIREMENTS ............. ....... 126 LAKE SUPERIOR REGION - ASA 01...... ................... ... 129 LAKE MICHIGAN ........... ........................... 135 NORTHWESTERN LAKE MICHIGAN REGION - ASA 02 ..... .......... 138 SOUTHWESTERN LAKE MICHIGAN REGION - ASA 03 . ..• . .... 140 EASTERN LAKE MICHIGAN REGION - ASA 04 ..... ........... 142 LAKE HURON REGION - ASA 05 ........ ................. 149 LAKE ERIE............ .................... ... 154 WESTERN LAKE ERIE REGION - ASA 06 .... ...... 155 EASTERN LAKE ERIE REGION - ASA 07 . ............ 159 LAKE ONTARIO REGION - ASA 08 ....... ............... 165 PUBLIC REVIEW GROUP RESPONSES TO MARCH 1976 DRAFT STATE-REGIONAL FUTURE REPORT ........... ........................... 172 GREAT LAKES NATIONAL ASSESSMENT WORK GROUP .... ...... ...... .. 175 ii INTRODUCTION The purpose of the Great Lakes Basin Commission's participation in the 1975 National Water Assessment is to articulate the State and regional viewpoints concerning water-related problems. With the assistance of the Great Lakes National Assessment Work Group, composed of representatives of the Commission's member agen­ cies, and a Public Review Group, the Great Lakes Basin Commission staff has been gathering information on the critical resource issues in this region. The first major activity involved the identification and description of the severity of prob­ lems and the economic, environmental, and social effects of not resolving them. Information from published reports, the Work Group, and the Public Review Group was assembled last summer and will be worked into a final format later this spring. The objective of this report is to take a look at the future for the Great Lakes Region and assess the direction and degree of projected developments. Through explicitly stated assumptions, requirements for water and related land land resources can be estimated with some degree of confidence These projections form the basis for problem evaluations covering a not too certain future. This lack of certainty dictates that the role of projections be recognized as only a benchmark from which to make decisions concerning future needs. The fact that the Assessment is being developed into a continuous process is an acknowledgement of constantly changing perceptions. Also, by using the Assessment in tandem with the Framework Study, projections which cover a reasonable range of future conditions can be examined. Although this report contains projections of future needs and issues, there are many ongoing programs which will influence the course of future activities in the natural resources field. The full impact of these programs will not be realized for some time, but their existence and intent is an important consideration in resources planning. Programs such as 208 wastewater management planning, coastal zone manage­ ment, and various land use programs are examples of major developments which should be closely monitored. The GLBC publishes an annual programs listing which describes ongoing and anticipated water and related land programs in the Great Lakes Basin. The sections that follow cover Regional goals and objectives, socio-economic characteristics, natural-resource values, and water and related land requirements. The information is organized by Aggregated Subareas (ASAs) and, at times, along State lines Because the delineation of regional boundaries is somewhat different than that used in the Framework Study, the following explanation and maps should prove a useful guide to the rest of the report. National Assessment Framework Study ASA Number Subarea(s) 01 - Lake Superior 1.1 and 1.2 02 - Northwest Lake Michigan 2.1 plus Delta County 03 - Southwest Lake Michigan 2.2 04 - Eastern Lake Michigan 2 3 and 2.4 minus Delta County 05 - Lake Huron 3.1 and 3.2 06 - Western Lake Erie 4.1 and 4 2 07 - Eastern Lake Erie 4.3 and 4.4 08 - Lake Ontario-St. Lawrence 5 1 and 5.2 and 5.3 minus Herkimer and Oneida Counties; plus Franklin County. 1 1975 NATIONAL WATER ASSESSMENT GREAT LAKES-REGION 4 LAKE SUPERIOR VICINITY MAP 01 AGGREGATEDSUBAREA(ASA) 0401 SUBAREA zo':S _ ° " U . _ SCALE IN MILES 0 to 2n 3nl 40 50 VICINITY MAP 02 AGcREGATE SUBAREA(ASA) 0403 S.BAREA I WAE A L* .....1 1975 NATIONAL WATER ASSESSMENT GREAT LAKES-REGION 4 LAKE MICHIGAN REPRODUCmTy OF TIf 3 ORIGINAL. PA(-' T I I VICINITY MAP 05 AGGREGATEDSUBAREA(ASA) 0407 SUBAREA ~05 L ,K 1975 NATIONAL WATER ASSESSMENT GREAT LAKES-REGION 4 LAKE HURON SCALE IN MILES 4 0 10 20 30 40 50 405 N SUREA 1975 NATIONAL WATER ASSESSMENT VICINITYMAP GREAT LAKES-REGION 4 00 AGGREGATrEDSUBAREA(ASA) LAKE ERIE SCALE IN MILES 0 00 20 30 40 50 VICINITY MAP 08 AGGREGATEDSUBAREA(ASA) 0413 SUBAREA 1 NT A RI W T AN GREAT LAKES-REGION 4 LAKE ONTARIO 5CA-E IN MILES 0 10 20 30 40 50 OF TH 6 ,EpRoDUCIBILTY OIGIW L PAG, IS POOR REGIONAL GOALS In defining a state-regional future condition, a logical starting point is an indication of the values that society holds expressed in terms of broad economic, social, and environmental goals. Extrapolation of past trends into the future does not always reflect a reasonable or desirable outlook for the future. Our institutions have the ability and, at times, the will to change the course of future developments. Water and related land resource planning is one vehicle for obtaining the desired ends that society values. It is a most difficult task, however, to determine what those values are and translate them into broad goals to guide the decisions which will have an impact on our natural resources and environment. To begin the process, the Great takes Basin Commission asked its State members to submit broad statements of social, economic, and environ­ mental goals to which the citizens of their State aspire. Some of these statements appeared in the draft State-Regional Future report and were sub­ ject to comments by the Public Review Group. The remaining States submitted their goals at a later date, these statements were also used in formulating regional goals. Based on State goals and comments from the Public Review Group and the National Assessment Work Group, the Great Lakes Basin Commission