Post-Classical Mesoamerican and Andean South America 600 to 1450 C.E. The Civilizations: Blood of Kings

 The oldest civilization in Mesoamerica was the Olmecs (called the rubber people)which acted as “parent” society for those that came after. Agriculture became very important…squash, beans, chile peppers, tomatoes and MAIZE. Began trade of jade and obsidian. Trade with the Anasazi in North America on the Turquoise Road.

 Mayans: Honduras, El Salvador, Guatamala as far as north as Central Mexico (2400 B.C.E.-900 C.E.)

 Aztecs: Mexico (1427-1519 C.E.)

 Incas: Peru and some parts of Ecuador, Bolivia, Chile and Argentina (1200-1532 C.E.)

Mayans: In Search of More Slaves

Mayan Life Chichen Itza

 The Mayans had a sophisticated writing system  They had the most accurate calendar based off the stars in the world at the time  War was typically not to conquer territory but to aquire slaves to work in agriculture because they had no large animals for work  Religion was important in all aspects of life

Extent of Mayan Empire

Where did the Mayans Go?

RAPID POPULATION DROUGHT GROWTH

 They had a long-term  Rapid population growth drought in 840 C.E. outstripped available and it caused the resources population to drop by  Results are deforestation 85 % in the Yucatan and erosion  Famine and fraticidial  Warfare became more warfare frequent as scarce land for cultivation became sharper MAYAN TRADE 2012

Legacy of the Mayans Mayan Calendar

 The Mayan calendar ends on December 21, 2012  There are many predictions of it as doomsday and many say it will be a new beginning  WHO KNOWS??? AZTEC WORLD MEXICA’S EMPIRE

 The Aztec empire  Military campaigns  Empire ruled 12 million people and most of Mesoamerica  Tribute obligations  Empire had no bureaucracy

 Mexica gods  Quetzalcóatl: supporter of arts, crafts, and agriculture  Huitzilopochtli: the war god  Human sacrifice encouraged by devotion to Huitzilopochtli  Large temple at the center of Tenochtitlan  Hundreds of thousands sacrificed to this war god

MEXICA RELIGION

THE INCA WORLD THE INCA

 The Inca empire  Built a huge empire stretching 2000 miles from north to south  Ruled the empire with military and administrative elite  Inca bureaucrats relied on quipu  Mnemonic aid made of an array of small cords to keep track of information  Cuzco and Machu Picchu  Capital of the Inca: had 300,000 people in the late 15th century  Machu Picchu hidden in mountain, jungles: last retreat of Inca  Inca roads  Two major roads linked the south and north  Runners carried messages across empire

INCA RELIGION

 Inca gods: Inti and Viracocha  Venerated sun god called Inti  Also honored the creator god, Viracocha  Sacrifices of animals, agricultural products, not humans SPEC Charts over Mayans, Aztecs and Incas

Social Political

Economic Cultural Prompt: Compare the Aztec and Inca Empires

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Thesis:

Aztecs Incas

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