Octafluoropropane
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Gas Conversion Factor for 300 Series
300GasTable Rec # Gas Symbol GCF Density (g/L) Density (g/L) 25° C / 1 atm 0° C / 1 atm 1 Acetic Acid C2H4F2 0.4155 2.7 2.947 2 Acetic Anhydride C4H6O3 0.258 4.173 4.555 3 Acetone C3H6O 0.3556 2.374 2.591 4 Acetonitryl C2H3N 0.5178 1.678 1.832 5 Acetylene C2H2 0.6255 1.064 1.162 6 Air Air 1.0015 1.185 1.293 7 Allene C3H4 0.4514 1.638 1.787 8 Ammonia NH3 0.7807 0.696 0.76 9 Argon Ar 1.4047 1.633 1.782 10 Arsine AsH3 0.7592 3.186 3.478 11 Benzene C6H6 0.3057 3.193 3.485 12 Boron Trichloride BCl3 0.4421 4.789 5.228 13 Boron Triflouride BF3 0.5431 2.772 3.025 14 Bromine Br2 0.8007 6.532 7.13 15 Bromochlorodifluoromethane CBrClF2 0.3684 6.759 7.378 16 Bromodifluoromethane CHBrF2 0.4644 5.351 5.841 17 Bromotrifluormethane CBrF3 0.3943 6.087 6.644 18 Butane C4H10 0.2622 2.376 2.593 19 Butanol C4H10O 0.2406 3.03 3.307 20 Butene C4H8 0.3056 2.293 2.503 21 Carbon Dioxide CO2 0.7526 1.799 1.964 22 Carbon Disulfide CS2 0.616 3.112 3.397 23 Carbon Monoxide CO 1.0012 1.145 1.25 24 Carbon Tetrachloride CCl4 0.3333 6.287 6.863 25 Carbonyl Sulfide COS 0.668 2.456 2.68 26 Chlorine Cl2 0.8451 2.898 3.163 27 Chlorine Trifluoride ClF3 0.4496 3.779 4.125 28 Chlorobenzene C6H5Cl 0.2614 4.601 5.022 29 Chlorodifluoroethane C2H3ClF2 0.3216 4.108 4.484 30 Chloroform CHCl3 0.4192 4.879 5.326 31 Chloropentafluoroethane C2ClF5 0.2437 6.314 6.892 32 Chloropropane C3H7Cl 0.308 3.21 3.504 33 Cisbutene C4H8 0.3004 2.293 2.503 34 Cyanogen C2N2 0.4924 2.127 2.322 35 Cyanogen Chloride ClCN 0.6486 2.513 2.743 36 Cyclobutane C4H8 0.3562 2.293 2.503 37 Cyclopropane C3H6 0.4562 -
And Perfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS): Sources, Pathways and Environmental Data
Poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS): sources, pathways and environmental data Chief Scientist’s Group report August 2021 We are the Environment Agency. We protect and improve the environment. We help people and wildlife adapt to climate change and reduce its impacts, including flooding, drought, sea level rise and coastal erosion. We improve the quality of our water, land and air by tackling pollution. We work with businesses to help them comply with environmental regulations. A healthy and diverse environment enhances people's lives and contributes to economic growth. We can’t do this alone. We work as part of the Defra group (Department for Environment, Food & Rural Affairs), with the rest of government, local councils, businesses, civil society groups and local communities to create a better place for people and wildlife. Published by: Author: Emma Pemberton Environment Agency Horizon House, Deanery Road, Environment Agency’s Project Manager: Bristol BS1 5AH Mark Sinton www.gov.uk/environment-agency Citation: Environment Agency (2021) Poly- and © Environment Agency 2021 perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS): sources, pathways and environmental All rights reserved. This document may data. Environment Agency, Bri be reproduced with prior permission of the Environment Agency. Further copies of this report are available from our publications catalogue: www.gov.uk/government/publications or our National Customer Contact Centre: 03708 506 506 Email: research@environment- agency.gov.uk 2 of 110 Research at the Environment Agency Scientific research and analysis underpins everything the Environment Agency does. It helps us to understand and manage the environment effectively. Our own experts work with leading scientific organisations, universities and other parts of the Defra group to bring the best knowledge to bear on the environmental problems that we face now and in the future. -
Dependent Modeling Approach Derived from Semi-Empirical Quantum Mechanical Calculations
3D-QSAR/QSPR Based Surface- Dependent Modeling Approach Derived From Semi-Empirical Quantum Mechanical Calculations 3D-QSAR/QSPR-basierter, oberflächenabhängiger Modellierungsansatz, abgeleitet von semi-empirischen quantenmechanischen Rechnungen Der Naturwissenschaftlichen Fakultät der Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Zur Erlangung des Doktorgrades Dr. rer. nat. vorgelegt von Marcel Youmbi Foka aus Kamerun Als Dissertation genehmigt von der Naturwissenschaftlichen Fakultät/ vom Fachbereich Chemie und Pharmazie der Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Tag der mündlichen Prüfung: 05.12.2018 Vorsitzender des Promotionsorgans: Prof. Dr. Georg Kreimer Gutachter/in: Prof. Dr. Tim Clark Prof. Dr. Birgit Strodel Dedication In memory of my late Mother Lucienne Metiegam, who the Lord has taken unto himself on May 3, 2009. My mother, light of my life, God rest her soul, had a special respect for my studies. She had always encouraged me to move forward. I sincerely regret the fact that today she cannot witness the culmination of this work. Maman, que la Terre de nos Ancêtres te soit légère! This is a special reward for Mr. Joseph Tchokoanssi Ngouanbe, who always supported me financially and morally. That he find here the expression of my deep gratitude. i ii Acknowledgements I would like to pay tribute to all those who have made any contribution, whether scientific or not, to help carry out this work. All my thanks go especially to Prof. Dr. Tim Clark, who gave me the opportunity and means to work in his research team. I am grateful to have had him not only supervise my work but also for his patience and for giving me the opportunity to explore this fascinating topic. -
UK PFAS Workshop
UK PFAS Workshop Day 1 – April 27th 2021 Agenda The diversity of PFAS What is the PFAS levels in the environment Morning concern? What do we know about the public health risks NGO and industry perspectives Assessing the potential PFAS legacy What do we know Afternoon Water industry chemical investigations about UK sources? EA evaluations of REACH-registered PFAS used in UK 2 The diversity of PFAS Presented by: Ian Cousins (Department of Environmental Science, Stockholm University) Text in footer 3 The Diversity of PFAS Ian T. Cousins Department of Environmental Science, Stockholm University, Sweden UK Environmental Agency, 27th April 2021 Definitions of PFAS • Buck et al. (2011) – first class definition – PFAS = “the highly fluorinated aliphatic substances that contain 1 or more C atoms on which all the H substituents … have been replaced by F atoms, in such a manner that they contain the perfluoroalkyl moiety CnF2n+1–” (has to contain at least -CF3) • Interstate Technology and Regulatory Council (ITRC) – Same definition as Buck et al. (2011), but n 2 (i.e. must contain at least CF3CF2−) • OECD: list of 4730 – “…contain a perfluoroalkyl moiety with three or more carbons (i.e. – CnF2n–, n ≥ 3) or a perfluoroalkylether moiety with two or more carbons (i.e. –CnF2nOCmF2m−, n and m ≥1).” • OECD: broader definition planned (unpublished) – “…the fluorinated substances that contain at least one fully fluorinated methyl or methylene carbon atom…” i.e. substances are PFAS that have at least one -CF2- or -CF3 moiety in their structure 5 So how many -
2015 WHMIS Classification : List of English Names in Alphabetical Order
CNESST - Répertoire toxicologique Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System 2015 WHMIS classification of chemical substances List of english names in alphabetical order The classification list provided in this document was compiled in response to requests for information concerning classifications under federal legislation on hazardous products. Please note that this is not an exhaustive list of hazardous products according to WHMIS 2015. This classification was established by CNESST personnel to the best of their knowledge based on data obtained from scientific literature and it incorporates the criteria contained in the Hazardous Products Regulations (SOR/2015-17). It does not replace the supplier's classification which can be found on its Safety Data Sheet. This list contains 2425 products names. You can press on the name of products to obtain their classification. You can press the name of any product in the list to obtain his WHMIS classification. All products Product's names CAS UN Acenaphthene 83-32-9 Acenaphthoquinone 82-86-0 Acenaphthylene 208-96-8 Acepromazine 61-00-7 Acetaldehyde 75-07-0 UN1089 Acetaldehyde diethylacetal 105-57-7 Acetamide 60-35-5 Acetaminophen 103-90-2 Acetanilide 103-84-4 Acetic acid 64-19-7 UN2789 Acetic acid, C6-C8 branched alkyl esters 90438-79-2 Acetic acid, more than 80% UN2789 Acetic anhydride 108-24-7 UN1715 Acetoacetanilide 102-01-2 o-Acetoacetaniside 92-15-9 Acetone 67-64-1 UN1090 2021-08-04 List of WHMIS controlled products 1 of 79 CNESST - Répertoire toxicologique Acetonitrile 75-05-8 UN1648 -
Mark L. Robin Great Lakes Chemical Corporation Fluorine Chemicals Department P.O
EVALUATION OF HALON ALTERNATIVES Mark L. Robin Great Lakes Chemical Corporation Fluorine Chemicals Department P.O. Box 2200 West Lafayette, IN 47906 INTRODUCTION Due to their implication in the destruction of stratospheric ozone, the production and use of the presently employed Halon fire extinguishing agents are being severely restricted. As a result, intense research programs have been undertaken in both the industrial and academic sectors to find replacements for these life-saving agents. Once a possible Halon alternative has been conceptualized, an evaluation of its properties is required to determine the actual performance of the agent. Foremost, one is interested in the fire suppression properties of the candidate. These fire suppression properties are related to the chemical and physical properties of the agent. For example, physical properties such as latent heats and heat capacities determine the ability of the agent to absorb heat, and the presence of certain functional groups such as halogens or trifluoromethyl groups imparts good fire suppression properties due to the interactions of these species with radical species present in the flame. However, good fire suppression properties are by no means the sole requirement for a suitable Halon replacement. For example, in streaming applications other physical properties, especially volatility, are important. The toxicological properties of any alternative agent must also be considered, since human exposure is inevitable, to both the neat and decomposed agent, especially in the case of total flood systems in normally occupied areas. Finally, the environmental impact of any new agent, for example its potential for ozone depletion or greenhouse warming, must also be considered. -
Study on Environmental and Health Effects of HFO Refrigerants (Publication Number: M-917|2017)
Study on environmental and health effects of HFO refrigerants (Publication number: M-917|2017) Report prepared for the Norwegian Environment Agency 22 December 2017 Study on environmental and health effects of HFO refrigerants Final Report RPA Report – Assured quality Project reference / title J972 / NEA HFO refrigerants Report status Final report David Fleet Dr James Hanlon Authors Dr Kate Osborne Max La Vedrine Paul Ashford (Anthesis-Caleb) Approved for issue by Meg Postle Date of issue 22 December 2017 Disclaimer The views and propositions expressed herein are, unless otherwise stated, those of Risk & Policy Analysts and do not necessarily represent any official view of the Norwegian Environment Agency or any other organisation mentioned in this report. List of abbreviations A2L Mildly flammable refrigerants category A5; non-A5 Article 5 Developing countries; non-Article 5 Developed countries BAU Business As Usual Cefic European Chemical Industry Council CF3C(O)H Trifluoroacetaldehyde - CF3COO Trifluoroacetate CFC Chlorofluorocarbon CLP Classification, Labelling and Packaging CMR Carcinogenic, mutagenic or toxic to reproduction CO2 Carbon dioxide COF2 Carbonyl fluoride CSR Chemical Safety Report EC10 10% effective concentration (the concentration that causes the measured effect in 10% of organisms) EC25 25% effective concentration (the concentration that causes the measured effect in 25% of organisms) EC50 Half maximum response dose (the concentration that causes the measured effect in 50% of organisms) ECHA European Chemicals Agency -
Proquest Dissertations
Estimating the entropy of melting from structure Item Type text; Dissertation-Reproduction (electronic) Authors Dannenfelser, Rose-Marie, 1959- Publisher The University of Arizona. Rights Copyright © is held by the author. Digital access to this material is made possible by the University Libraries, University of Arizona. Further transmission, reproduction or presentation (such as public display or performance) of protected items is prohibited except with permission of the author. Download date 26/09/2021 04:06:30 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10150/288729 INFORMATION TO USERS This manuscript has been reproduced from the microfilm master. UMI fihns the text dvectfy from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter &ce, whfle others may be from any type of computer printer. The quality of this reproductioii is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Oversize materials (e.g., maps, drawings, charts) are reproduced by sectioning the original, b^inning at the upper left-hand comer and continuing from left to right in equal sections with small overiaps. Each original is also photographed in one exposure and is included in reduced form at the back of the book. Photographs included in the original manuscript have been reproduced xerographicalfy in this copy. -
Refrigerants
CHAPTER 19 REFRIGERANTS Phaseout of Refrigerants .............................................................................................................. 19.1 Refrigerant Properties .................................................................................................................. 19.4 Refrigerant Performance ............................................................................................................. 19.6 Safety ............................................................................................................................................ 19.6 Leak Detection ............................................................................................................................. 19.7 Effect on Construction Materials ................................................................................................ 19.11 EFRIGERANTS are the working fluids in refrigeration, air- Transport properties of thermal conductivity and viscosity affect Rconditioning, and heat pumping systems. They absorb heat the performance of heat exchangers and piping. High thermal con- from one area, such as an air-conditioned space, and reject it into ductivity and low viscosity are desirable. another, such as outdoors, usually through evaporation and conden- No single fluid satisfies all the attributes desired of a refrigerant; sation, respectively. These phase changes occur both in absorption as a result, a variety of refrigerants is used. This chapter describes and mechanical vapor compression systems, but -
C1-C4 Halogenated HC Info 16FEB2018.Xlsx
C1-C4 Halogenated Hydrocarbons/Halocarbons Not Otherwise Listed (C1-C4 NOL) Feb 28, 2018 Administrative Council Mtg - Printed 2/16/20184:11 PM Reported Uses (SOURCES:HAZMAP, NJDHSS, Wikipedia, TSCA CDR, mfr literature) TURA TSCA CDR Chemical CAS/Chemica chemical name chemical fire 2015 Chemical Name Pesti- blowing feedstock / supressant / propell- Inventory? TRI? List l Number (synonyms) formula Solvent refriger-ant etchant Other Tier II cide agent intermed-iate flame ant status* retardant insulation for refrigerators, freezers, commercial refrigeration equipment, refrigerated containers and LNG ships; spray foam insulation; insulated metal panels; slabstock and molded flexible foam; refrigerant for chillers; and solvents for metal cleaning and electronics, and circuit flush. https://www.honeywell-blowingagents.com/?document=solstice-lba-technical- HFO-1233zd (E) brochure&download=1 Hydro-fluoro-olefin C H ClF YYY yhttps://www.honeywell-refrigerants.com/americas/product/solstice-zd/ (HFO) 3 2 3 CDR 2016 Honeywell: 100% as propellants and blowing agents for plastics product mfg; R-1233zd CDR Honeywell Solstice® ZD refrigerant, Solstice® 1233zdE, Solstice Blowing Agent; Arkema (current Forane® 1233zd blowing agent for spray PU foam, appliance insulation, etc. and solvent (may Honeywell not be available in US) product) C1-C4 Cat 102687-65-0 1-Chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene Y 106‐95‐6 Allyl bromide 2-Propenyl bromide C3H5Br Y y Manufacture of synthetic perfumes, other allyl compounds; Insecticidal fumigant; 1-Propene, 3-bromo- Chemical intermediate in organic synthesis, for resins (copolymer with sulfur dioxide) and fragrances; As a fumigant (if quite volatile) or as a contact poison; C1-C4 Cat Used in the manufacture of plastics and dyestuff. -
2015 WHMIS Classification
CNESST - Répertoire toxicologique Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System 2015 WHMIS classification of chemical substances List in CAS order with english name The classification list provided in this document was compiled in response to requests for information concerning classifications under federal legislation on hazardous products. Please note that this is not an exhaustive list of hazardous products according to WHMIS 2015. This classification was established by CNESST personnel to the best of their knowledge based on data obtained from scientific literature and it incorporates the criteria contained in the Hazardous Products Regulations (SOR/2015-17). It does not replace the supplier's classification which can be found on its Safety Data Sheet. This list contains 2286 products names. You can press on the name of products to obtain their classification. You can press the name of any product in the list to obtain his WHMIS classification. All products CAS UN Product's names 50-00-0 Formaldehyde 50-23-7 Dihydrocortisone 50-32-8 Benzo(a)pyrene 50-81-7 Ascorbic acid 50-99-7 Glucose 52-89-1 l-Cysteine hydrochloride 52-90-4 l-Cysteine 53-70-3 Dibenz(a,h)anthracene 54-11-5 UN1654 Nicotine 54-21-7 Sodium salicylate 55-55-0 n-Methyl-p-aminophenol sulfate 55-63-0 Nitroglycerin 55-68-5 UN1895 Phenylmercuric nitrate 56-03-1 Biguanide 56-10-0 2-Aminoethylisothiourea hydrobromide 56-23-5 UN1846 Carbon tetrachloride 2018-12-12 List of WHMIS controlled products 1 of 75 CNESST - Répertoire toxicologique 56-35-9 UN2788 Oxybis(tributyltin) -
Survey of Selected Fluorinated Green- House Gases
Survey of selected fluorinated green- house gases Part of the LOUS-review Environmental project No. 1655, 2015 Title: Authors & contributors: Survey of selected fluorinated greenhouse gases Erik Hansen 1 Per Henrik Pedersen 2 Frans Møller Christensen 1 Karen Louise Feilberg 1 Marlies Warming 1 Published by: 1 COWI A/S, Denmark 2Danish Technological Institute The Danish Environmental Protection Agency Strandgade 29 1401 Copenhagen K Denmark www.mst.dk/english Year: ISBN no. 2015 978-87-93283-82-4 Disclaimer: When the occasion arises, the Danish Environmental Protection Agency will publish reports and papers concerning re- search and development projects within the environmental sector, financed by study grants provided by the Danish Envi- ronmental Protection Agency. It should be noted that such publications do not necessarily reflect the position or opinion of the Danish Environmental Protection Agency. However, publication does indicate that, in the opinion of the Danish Environmental Protection Agency, the content represents an important contribution to the debate surrounding Danish environmental policy. While the information provided in this report is believed to be accurate, the Danish Environmental Protection Agency disclaims any responsibility for possible inaccuracies or omissions and consequences that may flow from them. Neither the Danish Environmental Protection Agency nor COWI or any individual involved in the preparation of this publication shall be liable for any injury, loss, damage or prejudice of any kind that may be caused by persons who have acted based on their understanding of the information contained in this publication. Sources must be acknowledged. 2 Survey of selected fluorinated greenhouse gases Contents Preface ...................................................................................................................... 5 Summary and conclusions ........................................................................................