DOCSLIB.ORG

Megaprojects: a Design and Strategy

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Megaprojects: a Design and Strategy Megaprojects: A Design and Strategy Perspective A thesis submitted to the University of Manchester for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Faculty of Humanities 2015 Colm Lundrigan Manchester Business School Contents CONTENTS ................................................................................................................................................ 2 LIST OF TABLES ..................................................................................................................................... 4 LIST OF FIGURES ................................................................................................................................... 5 ABSTRACT ................................................................................................................................................ 6 DECLARATION & COPYRIGHT STATEMENT ................................................................................ 7 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ....................................................................................................................... 9 PREFACE ................................................................................................................................................. 10 INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................................... 11 1 BACKGROUND ............................................................................................................................... 11 2 RESEARCH SETTING ....................................................................................................................... 13 3 CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE THESIS .................................................................................................... 15 4 REFERENCES .................................................................................................................................. 23 MEGAPROJECTS: AN EVOLVING HYBRID META-ORGANIZATION ..................................... 25 1 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................ 25 2 DESIGNING META-ORGANIZATIONS ................................................................................... 28 3 RESEARCH SETTING AND METHODS ................................................................................... 29 4 DATA COLLECTION .................................................................................................................. 31 5 DATA ANALYSIS ....................................................................................................................... 34 6 ANALYSIS: META-ORGANIZING AND DEVELOPING A MEGAPROJECT ....................... 35 7 DISCUSSION ............................................................................................................................... 57 8 CONCLUSION ............................................................................................................................. 68 9 REFERENCES.............................................................................................................................. 70 THE (UNDER) PERFORMANCE OF MEGA-PROJECTS: A META-ORGANIZATIONAL PERSPECTIVE ........................................................................................................................................ 74 1 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................ 74 2 META-ORGANIZATIONS AND MEGA-PROJECTS ............................................................... 77 3 RESEARCH SETTING AND METHODS ................................................................................... 79 4 ANALYSIS ................................................................................................................................... 87 5 DISCUSSION ............................................................................................................................. 107 6 IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE ............................................................................................ 115 7 FURTHER RESEARCH ............................................................................................................. 118 8 CONCLUSION ........................................................................................................................... 119 9 REFERENCES............................................................................................................................ 121 2 STRATEGIC CAPABILITIES FOR MEGAPROJECT ARCHITECTS ........................................ 128 1 INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................................... 128 2 MEGAPROJECTS: A PROBLEM OF STRUCTURAL MISALIGNMENT ............................. 133 3 STRATEGIC CAPABILITES FOR THE MEGAPROJECT ARCHITECT ............................... 136 4 THE TASK STRUCTURE OF THE MEGAPROJECT PROMOTER ........................................ 141 5 THE CAPABILITY TO SHAPE THE MEGAPROJECT NETWORK ...................................... 144 6 THE CAPABILITY TO DEVELOP A TECHNICAL DESIGN ................................................. 152 7 A STRATEGIC APPROACH TO CO-EVOLUTION OF ORGANIZATION AND DESIGN ... 156 8 VARIABILITY IN MEGAPROJECT ENVIRONMENTS AND DESIGNS .............................. 160 9 PITFALLS FOR STRATEGIC ACTION ................................................................................... 162 10 CONCLUSION ........................................................................................................................... 168 11 REFERENCES............................................................................................................................ 169 CONCLUSION ....................................................................................................................................... 172 1 FUTURE RESEARCH ...................................................................................................................... 173 2 THOUGHTS ON THE DOCTORAL PROCESS ...................................................................................... 174 APPENDIX ............................................................................................................................................. 176 1 LIST OF INTERVIEWEES FOR THE CASE STUDIES .......................................................................... 176 2 CASE 1 – CROSSRAIL ................................................................................................................... 179 3 CASE 2 – HEATHROW TERMINAL 2 .............................................................................................. 200 4 CASE 3 – THE 2012 LONDON OLYMPIC GAMES ........................................................................... 238 Word Count: 72,470 3 List of Tables Paper 1 Table 1 - Summary of Characteristics of the Case Sample and Interviewees ................ 33 Table 2 - Longitudinal summary of the megaproject meta-organization’s constituent structures and membership .............................................................................................. 36 Table 3 – Evolution of Membership and Scope in the Olympic Aquatics Centre .......... 64 Paper 2 Table 1- Summary of Characteristics of the Case Sample and Interviewees ................. 85 Table 2 - Evolution of the Membership, Scope, and Cost and Schedule Targets of the Mega-project meta-organizations in our Sample ............................................................ 89 Table 3 - Tension between performance dimensions and the meta-organization ........... 97 4 List of Figures Introduction Figure 1 - Conceptual Foundations ................................................................................. 21 Paper 1 Figure 1 - Megaproject embryo: conceiving a meta-organization ................................. 37 Figure 2 - Megaproject gestation: expansion of the meta-organization ........................ 42 Figure 3 - Megaproject delivery: stability at the core, explosion at the periphery ........ 48 Figure 4 - Two ideal megaproject meta-organization developmental paths .................. 66 Paper 2 Figure 1 – The link between Evolution in Structure and Ambiguity in Performance ... 100 Paper 3 Figure 1 - Relationship Between growth of the 2012 Olympic Park meta-organization and infrastructure cost .................................................................................................. 139 Figure 2 - Relationship Between growth of the Heathrow T2 meta-organization and infrastructure cost ......................................................................................................... 140 Figure 3 - Strategic alignment of megaproject network growth and design co- production ..................................................................................................................... 158 Figure 4 - Environment and Design Combinations ...................................................... 162 5 Abstract Colm Lundrigan, Doctor of Philosophy in Management Megaprojects: A Design and Strategy Perspective, December 2015 Modern society faces complex problems of collective action that require the development of long-lived capital infrastructure to cope with issues such as population growth, energy shortages, rising sea levels, and migration to cities. These so called ‘megaprojects’ require collaboration between legally
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Hampton Court to Berrylands / Oct 2015
    Crossrail 2 factsheet: Services between Berrylands and Hampton Court New Crossrail 2 services are proposed to serve all stations between Berrylands and Hampton Court, with 4 trains per hour in each direction operating directly to, and across central London. What is Crossrail 2? Crossrail 2 in this area Crossrail 2 is a proposed new railway serving London and the wider South East that could be open by 2030. It would connect the existing National Rail networks in Surrey and Hertfordshire with trains running through a new tunnel from Wimbledon to Tottenham Hale and New Southgate. Crossrail 2 will connect directly with National Rail, London Underground, London Overground, Crossrail 1, High Speed 1 international and domestic and High Speed 2 services, meaning passengers will be one change away from over 800 destinations nationwide. Why do we need Crossrail 2? The South West Main Line is one of the busiest and most congested routes in the country. It already faces capacity constraints and demand for National Rail services into Waterloo is forecast to increase by at least 40% by 2043. This means the severe crowding on the network will nearly double, and would likely lead to passengers being unable to board trains at some stations. Crossrail 2 provides a solution. It would free up space on the railway helping to reduce congestion, and would enable us to run more local services to central London that bypass the most congested stations. Transport improvements already underway will help offset the pressure in the short term. But we need Crossrail 2 to cope with longer term growth.
    [Show full text]
  • Hsuk London Terminal Strategy
    HSUK LONDON TERMINAL STRATEGY In the development of high speed rail systems, the issue of terminal location and onward distribution of passengers assumes almost as much importance as the more obvious question of route. The new lines are designed to carry large volumes of passengers on trains operating at high frequencies, and these factors combine to create major flows arriving at city terminals which must then be efficiently dispersed onto the local public transport networks. This demands full integration of high speed and local systems, with optimised transfer at dedicated and fit-for- purpose terminals. These issues apply at all UK cities where high speed lines are planned, but are most acute in London, where passenger flows are greatest, and congestion in the existing public transport system is most critical. The following diagrams review existing central London connectivity issues, and compare and contrast the London terminal solutions proposed for HS2, and for the alternative High Speed UK proposals. For precise details of the core High Speed UK proposals (as included in the cost estimates), see the ‘200k’ series of plans. LTS1 : LONDON MAIN LINE NETWORK CIRCA 1963 LTS2 : EXISTING CENTRAL LONDON RAIL NETWORK INCLUDING CROSSRAIL SCHEME These diagrams show the rail network of central London, dominated by the classic terminus stations of the Victorian era. These are mostly reliant for onward connectivity upon the Tube network, which tended to form ‘nodes’ around the busier/more important termini. However, the change from main line to Tube is inherently inefficient, with passengers forced to detrain en masse, and with massive congestion occurring especially at rush hours.
    [Show full text]
  • The Midland Main Line and the Influence of HS2 a Short Report for North West Leicestershire District Council
    The Midland Main Line and the influence of HS2 A short report for North West Leicestershire District Council 1. Introduction Concerns have been raised recently about the relationship between the Midland Main Line (MML) and HS2, and whether the high-speed line is likely to have adverse effects on the existing network. At first sight, these concerns do not appear unreasonable in the context of recent Network Rail/Department for Transport decisions: There will be no electrification north of Kettering as this work has been halted in this and other locations. This raises a question about the viability of the Classic Connection with HS2 at Toton The new East Midlands contract will be 7+2, reducing the incentive for a new train operator to invest in new rolling stock; HSTs are scheduled to come out of service by 2019; possible replacements will not be able to attain the same speeds and this could adversely affect journey times. These points together make depressing reading, and it is understandable why there is a feeling that the MML is being sacrificed in favour of HS2 to make it a more attractive prospect for this part of England. The relationship between the MML and HS2 is an important one in the District, and currently it is finely balanced. The Council has been broadly supportive of the scheme because of the economic benefits that will follow on from the construction and operation of HS2, but there is a danger that this could change, particularly if continued opposition from residents and businesses alters the view of the elected members.
    [Show full text]
  • High Speed 2: Spring 2020 Update
    House of Commons Committee of Public Accounts High Speed 2: Spring 2020 update Third Report of Session 2019–21 Report, together with formal minutes relating to the report Ordered by the House of Commons to be printed 6 May 2020 HC 84 Published on 17 May 2020 by authority of the House of Commons The Committee of Public Accounts The Committee of Public Accounts is appointed by the House of Commons to examine “the accounts showing the appropriation of the sums granted by Parliament to meet the public expenditure, and of such other accounts laid before Parliament as the committee may think fit” (Standing Order No. 148). Current membership Meg Hillier MP (Labour (Co-op), Hackney South and Shoreditch) (Chair) Mr Gareth Bacon MP (Conservative, Orpington) Kemi Badenoch MP (Conservative, Saffron Walden) Olivia Blake MP (Labour, Sheffield, Hallam) Sir Geoffrey Clifton-Brown MP (Conservative, The Cotswolds) Dame Cheryl Gillan MP (Conservative, Chesham and Amersham) Peter Grant MP (Scottish National Party, Glenrothes) Mr Richard Holden MP (Conservative, North West Durham) Sir Bernard Jenkin MP (Conservative, Harwich and North Essex) Craig Mackinlay MP (Conservative, Thanet) Shabana Mahmood MP (Labour, Birmingham, Ladywood) Gagan Mohindra MP (Conservative, South West Hertfordshire) Sarah Olney MP (Liberal Democrat, Richmond Park) Bridget Phillipson MP (Labour, Houghton and Sunderland South) Nick Smith MP (Labour, Blaenau Gwent) James Wild MP (Conservative, North West Norfolk) Powers Powers of the Committee of Public Accounts are set out in House of Commons Standing Orders, principally in SO No. 148. These are available on the Internet via www.parliament.uk. Publication © Parliamentary Copyright House of Commons 2020.
    [Show full text]
  • Infrastructure Intelligence Tablet Edition |
    ISSUE 09 | April 2015 INTERVIEW Davendra Dabasia of Mace talks leadership page 26 ANALYSIS ACE NEWS Crunch carbon Danny Alexander cut costs on infrastructure page 16 beyond the election page 28 Produced for the industry by the Association for Consultancy and Engineering And we’re off! Highways England’s £11bn five year plan page 12 MESSAGE FROM THE EDITOR News roundup With the UK’s most unpredictable General Election in decades almost upon us, the question remains whether or not the increasingly rosy infrastructure and support infrastructure sector should start to worry? BUSINESS research and the development For on the one hand we continue to see unprecedented levels of of new manufacturing cross party support for the £466bn National Infrastructure Plan, major Austerity is set to end facilities and training. schemes such as HS2 and for devolved powers to drive investment into in 2019, a year earlier areas such as the “Northern Powerhouse”. than originally planned, Chief construction adviser And we see long term spending plans being rolled out across the Chancellor George Osborne Peter Hansford has called highways sector, the rail industry, power, water and communications as promised in his 2105 Budget for evidence on how to the clear link between investment and economic growth is driven home. speech. Infrastructure didn’t unlock demand, improve Yet on the other hand there is no question in anyone’s minds that get a big build up in Osborne’s affordability and increase the post-Election economy will be tough and getting tougher. Not least Commons speech which attractiveness of solid focused on economic successes wall insulation.
    [Show full text]
  • Matter M76 Further Suggested Changes to Be Made to Policy T3 Transport Capacity, Connectivity and Safeguarding and Policy T9 Fu
    Matter M76 Further suggested changes to be made to Policy T3 Transport capacity, connectivity and safeguarding and Policy T9 Funding transport infrastructure through planning • Bold blue – new text • Blue strikethrough – deleted original plan text • Purple strikethrough – deleted minor suggested change text • Bold purple- reinstated original text • Red bold – Minor Suggested change • Red strike through – minor suggested change Change ref no Policy/para Further suggested change /table/map M76.1 Policy T3, table 10.1 Transformation of Oxford Street low 2017- 2022 M76.2 Policy T3, table 10.1 ULEZ in central and inner London medium 2017- 2021 0 ULEZ in inner London low 2020- 2030 ULEZ strengthening London-wide low 2020- for buses, coaches and HGVs 2030 M76.3 Policy T3, table 10.1 Walk and cycle bridge between low 2020- Nine Elms and Pimlico river 2030 crossing: Nine Elms Pimlico Bridge M76.4 Policy T3, table 10.1 Bus network: wheelchair accessible low 2017- bus stops 2020 2041 M76.5 Policy T3, table 10.1 Bus transit pilots in Opportunity low 2020- Areas 2041 M76.6 Policy T3, table 10.1 Coach hub(s) upgrade and/or medium 2020- reprovision 2023 30 30 M76.7 Policy T3, table 10.1 Elizabeth line high 2017- 2021 0 M76.8 Policy T3, table 10.1 Elizabeth line extension / rail medium 2020- enhancements east of Abbey Wood / high 2041 M76.9 Policy T3, table 10.1 Heathrow Airport Southern Rail medium 2020 Access (required for if airport high - expansion proceeds) 2041 Heathrow Airport Western Rail medium 2020 Access (required for if airport high - expansion
    [Show full text]
  • Colin Matthews
    ISSUE 04 | September 2014 ANALYSIS Class of 2001: where are they now? page 27 OPINION CAREERS Ailie MacAdam Rise of the on HS2 apprentices page 10 page 24 Produced for the industry by the Association for Consultancy and Engineering Colin Matthews The Highways Agency’s £24bn man page 12 MESSAGE FROM THE EDITOR News roundup In his interview with Infrastructure Intelligence this month, new Highways Agency chairman Colin Matthews is very clear about the need Installing smart meters in for the whole industry to embrace new technologies and new ideas as ENVIRONMENT every house in the UK will the Agency embarks on its £24bn investment programme. save consumers “only 2%” “This is not a business as usual static environment,” he said. “It is a New delays for the on their annual bills, the fantastic opportunity with some really serious investment behind it to implementation of Public Accounts Committee take Britain’s roads on a journey,” sustainable drainage has warned. On average, And while it is absolutely clear that to accommodate the scary systems (SuDS) have been consumers will save just £26 prediction for a 46% growth in traffic on the nation’s strategic road revealed after Secretary of a year and the technology network by 2040 we will have to spend some of that money improving State for Environment, Food could be out of date by the and enhancing the physical network, it is also clear that technology will and Rural Affairs, Elizabeth time the roll out is complete, have to play a massive role. Truss announced a further six the committee said.
    [Show full text]
  • Bakerloo Line Extension Consultation Report
    Bakerloo line extension Consultation Report November 2020 Contents 1. Executive summary ................................................................................................ 6 1.1 Overview ............................................................................................................ 6 1.2 Summary of responses received ........................................................................ 6 1.3 Summary of next steps .................................................................................... 12 2. About the proposals .......................................................................................... 13 2.1 Overview .......................................................................................................... 13 2.2 Why the extension is needed ........................................................................... 13 2.3 What we have already consulted about ........................................................... 15 2.4 Our proposals .................................................................................................. 16 2.5 Stations ............................................................................................................ 16 2.6 Tunnel alignment ............................................................................................. 16 2.7 Worksites ......................................................................................................... 17 2.8 Shafts ..............................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • The Key to Mastering Complexity
    Interview hat does it take to with existing infrastructure around really crystallised what’s the required deliver complex infra- it, as well as engaging with stakehold- output, the desired outcome of the structure projects on ers and retaining their confidence. programme, and do you have the time and on budget? She expanded on her thoughts for ability to verbalise what that is? Have Deliverability ForW decades UK construction was Transport Times, and explained the dis- you assessed the risks and incor- needs a plagued by an apparent inability to tinction she makes between deliverabil- porated that into the baseline?” razor-like undertake flagship schemes without ity and constructability. Constructabili- Constructability is a subset: vision of what them being late or over budget. Recent- ty is clearly essential, but deliverability, part of deliverability is to have a ly, with projects such as the Olympics she explains, takes a wider perspective. project that’s constructable. the project’s and High Speed 1, the industry has “I see deliverability as being the “That requires engagement with all about turned this around. But it’s a reputation bigger umbrella with constructability the supply chain,” she adds, “because that is hard won and easily lost, says fitting under it,” she says. Deliver- the supply chain are the experts and managing director for Europe and ability covers questions such as do have the experience and knowledge Africa infrastructure Ailie MacAdam. you have an aligned agenda with about the constructability, and it’s Ms MacAdam has 30 years’ expe- the stakeholders? Do the cost, the really important that stakeholders and rience with construction and project programme and the scope make decision-makers on the programme management giant Bechtel, which sense? Do you have a supply chain engage the supply chain early in order has a global reputation for successful that can respond to the cost and to get the input on constructability.
    [Show full text]
  • A Review of High Speed 2 Dissenting Report by Lord Tony Berkeley House of Lords Former Deputy Chair of the Review Group Set up B
    A Review of High Speed 2 Dissenting Report by Lord Tony Berkeley House of Lords Former Deputy Chair of the Review Group set up by Grant Shapps MP, Secretary of State for Transport in August 2019 5th January 2020 Review of High Speed 2 – Dissenting Report by Lord Tony Berkeley Page 1 Foreword By Tony Berkeley, former Deputy Chair of the Oakervee Review into HS2. In August 2019, the Secretary of State for Transport, Grant Shapps MP, appointed Douglas Oakervee to lead a report into ‘whether and how we should proceed’ with HS2 Ltd. ahead of the Notice to Proceed’ decision for Phase 1 (London to West Midlands) due by the end of 2019. Douglas Oakervee appointed me as Deputy Chair with a panel of experts to feed into and be consulted on the report’s conclusions. These appointments terminated on 31 October 2019 before the drafting was complete. I and panel members were shown a copy of the then final draft report in early November but were not given any opportunity to request significant changes. I was not asked to sign it as Deputy Chair and informed the Chairman that I did not support its draft conclusions. I wrote to Douglas Oakervee listing my concerns, including a bias towards accepting HS2’s evidence in preference to those of others, leading to what I considered to be a critical but supportive recommendation for HS2 Ltd. to continue. I do not believe that the evidence that the Review received supports this view. (See my letter in Appendix 2). Parts of the draft Review were subsequently leaked to the media in November, but it is not known whether the text leaked was and is the final text, and when and whether it was as submitted by Doug Oakervee to the Secretary of State for Transport.
    [Show full text]
  • Midland Main Line Speed-Up
    RA 004 1 February 2014 action Midland main line speed-up New 125 speed limit signs being installed at Bromham Road bridge, Bedford. From left, are Richard Walker, the route delivery director (East Midlands) for Network Rail, Dave Diskin, the framework manager from contractor Carillion and David Horne, managing director for East Midlands Trains Picture: East Midlands Trains For the first time, trains are now able to operate at speeds of up to 125 mph on action certain parts of the Midland main line, after a £70 million line improvement scheme delivered by Network Rail in partnership with East Midlands Trains. The faster timetable was good news for passengers travelling between London and railaction Sheffield, Chesterfield, Derby, Nottingham, East Midlands Parkway, Leicester and Loughborough. railaction is edited by A total of 159 miles of track was upgraded, some level crossings were replaced John Stanford by bridges, and signalling modified. It allowed EMT to reduce the average 82 Colvestone Crescent weekday journey time between Sheffield and London by seven minutes, between London E8 2LJ Nottingham and London by five minutes and between Derby and London by four minutes. Further improvements to journey times will be introduced during 2014. “The route provides a vital artery for South Yorkshire, the East Midlands and john.stanford Northamptonshire,” said David Horne, EMT managing director. “Faster journeys are @railwatch.org.uk vital for economic growth and this major investment in track and signalling will help us to provide faster and more reliable journeys.” 020 7254 3885 www.eastmidlandstrains.co.uk Network Rail’s maintenance underspend causes delays The Office of Rail Regulation believes over half of the delays on the network arise from failures by Network Rail and of these, about half are the result of infrastructure twitter: @railfuture failures.
    [Show full text]
  • Sutton Tram Update Report.Pdf
    Page 299 Agenda Item 12 Report to: Housing Economy and Business Date: 25 September 2018 Committee Report title: Sutton Link Update Report Report from: Mary Morrissey - Strategic Director Environment, Housing and Regeneration Ward/Areas affected: St Helier, Sutton North and Sutton Central (directly affected) Borough wide Chair of Committee/Lead Councillor Jayne McCoy, Deputy Leader of the Council and Chair of Member: the Housing, Economy and Business Committee Author(s)/Contact Daniel Doris, Major Scheme Programme Manager - 0208 770 4854 Number(s): Corporate Plan ● Being active Priorities: ● Living well independently ● Keeping people safe Open/Exempt: Open Signed: Date: 12 September 2018 1. Summary 1.1. An extension to the existing London Trams network has been a priority of both Sutton and Merton Council for over 20 years. In July 2017 the Mayor of London asked Transport for London (TfL) to investigate opportunities for an extension to Sutton with a view to submitting a Transport Works Act Order (TWAO) application if funding for the project can be identified. The London Borough of Sutton (LBS), in partnership with TfL and the London Borough of Merton (LBM), has embarked on the option assessment and further development of the scheme and as such LBS needs to reaffirm its commitment to the project. 2. Recommendations The Housing, Economy and Business (HEB) Committee is recommended to: 2.1. Note progress to date on the tram extension (Sutton Link) programme for submission of a potential Transport & Works Act Order (TWAO) application. Agenda Item 12 Page 300 2.2. Agree to enter into a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with TfL and LBM, and to delegate authority to the Strategic Director of Environment, Housing and Regeneration, in consultation with the Chair of the Housing, Economy and Business Committee, to sign the final MoU.
    [Show full text]