T h e P a k i s t a n W e t l a n d s P r o g r a m m e Vol. 5 No. 51

w w w . p a k i s t a n w e t l a n d s . o r g Oct-Dec.2011

“Nothing Slips By” Articles in this Edition: Comparative analysis of biogas plants and its ecological and social impacts in Soon Valley

Also Lurking Inside: Programme Updates Public Events Trainings Intern’s Corner

Production Staff: Pakistan Wet Notes is compiled and edited by Nasir Iqbal Malik, Programme updates Coordinator, National Awareness-raising and “Controlling Illegal Wildlife ports and exit points in Pakistan. Illegal wildlife trade is not only causing huge loss Communications, PWP, Trade in Pakistan” of revenue to national exchequer but also Irfan Raza, Naila Azhar disturbing the ecosystem in the country Communication Assistant, leading to climatic change, various Graphic Design by deadly diseases and socio-economic Basharat Hussain. problems, said Pakistan Science Foundation (PSF) Chairman Dr. Manzoor Soomro. Dr Ghulam Akbar from WWF Unless specifically credited, all Pakistan emphasized on the urgent need photographs have been taken to control illegal trade of wildlife that has by members of the PWP Team endangered many species. It involves live and may be used, with proper animals and plants or a diverse range of Pakistan Wetlands Programme WWF acknowledgment, for any bona products needed or prized by Pakistan and PMNH arranged a 2-days fide conservation purpose. humans—including skins, medicinal training workshop titled “Controlling ingredients, tourist curios, timber, fish and Illegal Wildlife Trade” on Nov 23rd, 2011 at other food products, he added. Pakistan Museum of Natural History Syed Mahmood Nasir, Inspector General (PMNH), Garden Ave, Shakarparian, Forests, said that there is an urgent need Islamabad. This training opportunity was for knowledge and action, including organized for customs authorities and strengthening of the role and other wildlife law-enforcement agencies effectiveness of the Convention on involved in controlling illegal trade from Continued on page 2

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Oct ol. 5No.51 -Dec.2011 THREE Continued from page 3 building exercises. To further build their capacity in the livelihoods enhancement activities, NAWC organized five days long exposure visit for the selected females to Hunza district of Gilgit Baltistan. The 14 member team visited a Self- help based vocational handicraft center at Pisan valley. A visit to Picture KADO was also organized, which is the gemstone cutting and polishing centre, handicraft and shoe making FOUR center. They were provided with the opportunity to visit the Attabad Lake, formed due to heavy landslide on river Hunza. The visitors took keen interest in the livelihood activities in Hunza Nagar area and Fuel efficient stoves in subalpine zone. Other major wanted to replicate it in Qurumbar (FES) business threat is debarking of the plants by valley. the local community for many Ecotourism promotion established purposes, which causes the Birch material developed During the reporting period a trees to thin and die finally. The detailed proposal including cost natural regeneration rate is very In the year 2011, three set of estimate and feasibility for the slow and there are no models for its ecotourism promotion materials e s t a b l i s h m e n t o f F E S nursery raising. The PWP-NAWC were developed. First the brochure workshops/centers for the already demonstrated a small nursery in on the planned ecotours was trained community members by Qurumbar valley and planted more developed and published on the NAWC was developed and site than 100 stem cuttings in the soil website of PWP. The “Broghil assessments done in Chitral town bed prepared for this purpose. The Festival” a key event in NAWC was and within Broghil valley. So far three results of the activity are yet awaited promoted and highlighted through a FES centers have been established and if successful, the community beautifully designed poster. The and the production with income has will adopt similar techniques to centre of attraction was the started. Interestingly the businesses maximize birch forest cover in the designing and development of the operating within the valley have area. poster on High Altitude Lakes of more demand and income as Exposure visit Pakistan and its ecotourism potentials. All these recently compared to the business centre at conducted for women of Chitral town. According to the developed materials along with the trained persons; these competition Qurumbar community copies of telecasted documentary with other such businesses which The Pakistan Wetlands Programme- on “Broghil” were distributed, which are already operating in Chitral Northern Alpine Wetlands Complex resulted in attraction of a number of town, where as in Broghil valley has extended its conservation tourists to the region. there is no such market competition. activities in Qurumbar valley Marshland of gahkuch However, the activity is destined to through involvement of womenfolk assessed for Ramsar ensure profitable use of the skills of in conservation and management status the trained community members practices. After establishment of alongside augmenting their w o m e n o r g a n i z a t i o n s , t h e The wetlands ecosystem at household income and reducing programme involved them in Gahkuch locality in Ghizer district of dependency on natural resource trainings and other capacity Gilgit Baltistan holds substantial base, especially the peatlands use. potentials to be designated as Plantation of birch stem cuttings experimented In Gilgit-Baltistan, Birch forests are located throughout the area, but due to deforestation these forests are at high risk of degradation. The growth rate of Birch is very slow and usually it grows at an elevation of about 1000ft above sea level mostly Continued on page 5 V Qurumbar andBroghil rechargeable lanternsin Distributionofsolar use lacks W t Broghil m accordingly delivery the beneficiaries A D W with distribution to community w three In substantial w establish the University o it departments the required s However marshland Department results P W c studies p Continued frompage4 h o akistan h r as f alleys e u e e elfare e etlands e Qurumbar e o

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Oct ol. 5No.51 -Dec.2011 FIVE Continued from page 5 PWP-SRWC Updates Events Eco-tourism event organized at Taunsa barrage The CIWC team under sub output 8.8.1 organized an eco-tourism event on 27th October, 2011 at Taunsa Barrage in collaboration with SIX local partner's organization and communities. A total of 44VC registered people participated in the events including participants from CIWC CBO's including Saiban Welfare Faundation, Rights and Rights Social Society, Kot Sultan Kanhatti Garden Camp CBO's and other local partners, the tourists' requirements. Local school children, College Students, Site community based organizations representatives from Punjab Wildlife Kanhati garden is located at the and schools are mobilized to Department, Irrigation Department junction of Potohar plateau and Salt promote environment friendly P u n j a b , Te h s i l M u n i c i p a l range, and is surrounded by tourism. Administration Kot Adu, electronic Khabeki Reserve Forest on three Community Resource and print media personnel, local sides. The garden is home of Center influential, and community indigenous local flora & fauna and A well equipped community representatives. The main objective keeps historical and biological resource center has been of organizing this event was: value. PWP has established a developed at Khabeki Site office. To raise awareness among the beautiful campsite and a garden Backlit displays reflecting local flora public and partner organization view point for ecotourists. They have and fauna of the area have been about the importance and set up information boards, bridge displayed to disperse the local significance of Taunsa Wildlife on spring water channel and tags on information. Broachers and Sanctuary; prominent trees. Kanhatti village is booklets of local flora and fauna, To promote the concept and an ecovillage, where the community cultural heritage and general ethics of eco-tourism in the area has been sensitized to facilitate information are placed there for among school children, local ecotourists and express their local people, students and visitors. community and local partner cultural values and practices. In the context of conservation, a organizations; Uchali Bird Hide and silent awareness campaign under To attract other partner Ecotourism Point single roof has been precticed. o r g a n i z a t i o n a n d l o c a l Local community products are also community based organization displayed to introduce and value for getting their support and them. attention in promotion of eco- tourism in the area; To provide a healthy opportunity to local people and students.

Uchali lake is a habitat of water birds a n d h a v e a t t r a c t i o n f o r professionals and bird lovers. To facilitate bird watching activity of the tourists and professionals, a bird hide and a tourist point have been established at the lake road. A local tour guide has been appointed to facilitate the tourists in their eco activities. A spotting scope, boat and tuck shop are also there to meet Continued on page 7 WWF organized byCIWCat products display Exhibitionoflocal conservation center T T WWF 29th exhibition 8.6.1 The precious c b change n p k b activity a S Birds conducted b S s informed eco-tourism and introduction Continued frompage6 The i o aunsa informationand aunsa barrageK a i r o a i a i g l i o brief o n t e l i n n n s u i d t f d n c i participants P c r o e CIWC r October f -P i i t a g i i W b d v WP's n t c u v . Theparticipantsweregiven -P/P organized u l / e u

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Oct ol. 5No.51 -Dec.2011 SEVEN Continued from page 7 communities and partner different kinds of trees and plants. fishing nets and practices. There organizations; The group also had opportunity to may be a patrolling task force To a t t r a c t o t h e r p a r t n e r discuss on different issues of nature including persons from Fisheries o r g a n i z a t i o n a n d l o c a l and particularly the problems that department and Sind wildlife with a community based organization different species are facing due to mandate of taking actions against for getting their support and habitat loss. The participants were those fishermen and contractors. attention in promoting the local told about the pressure on natural There is also need of dialogues with handicrafts and embroidery resources and role of mankind to those fish contractors and card To create awareness among the reduce this pressure. holders and strong message may masses about nature and natural Field investigation of be conveyed to stop the style of r e s o u r c e m a n a g e m e n t ; indus dolphin mortality fishing that is posing direct threat to To promote marketing of these Indus dolphin. NEED BASED products in the area and The issue of mortality of Indus TRAINING OF FISHERMEN. is EIGHT maximizing support to the poor dolphin has been discussed at requaired local communities mainly different forums and some of the key World mountain day stakeholders have had intensive depending on the wetlands celebrated in Qurumbar resources. sessions of series of meetings and The revenue collected as a result of discussion. These meetings include Valley the event directly went to the poor Sind Wildlife Department, Pakistan The International Mountain Day is communities females. All the CBO's Wetlands Program, Sind Fisheries celebrated every year in various members and partners appreciated Department, Environmental countries as an opportunity to raise the effort and suggested replication Protection Agency Sukkur, Sind awareness among the masses and of such activities to be ensured in Youth Welfare Organization, WWF enhance activities on environmental future. The visitors appreciated the IRDCP, Sind Forest Department, related challenges faced by the WWF-P/CIWC efforts for protection Local Media Persons, Fish world. This year's International of natural resources and local flora Contractors, Representatives from M o u n t a i n D a y t h e m e w a s and fauna. Fishermen Communities. “Mountains and Forests”. The Environment Friendly One of such meeting was recently mountain forests play an important conducted at Indus Dolphin Centre Excursion role in Green Economy as well as in on 23-11-2011 and field visit was climate change adaptation Partners of the Event include Sind planned to investigate and assess measures. This day also highlight Forest Department, Pakistan the situation particularly on fishing the importance of conservation of Wetlands Program, Sind Wildlife nets stretched inside the river. The mountain forests by the adjacent Department and The City School. field visit was organized with communities which is crucial for the More than 50 people had active support from Pakistan Wetlands ecological health. The Saving participation in this event, including Program and Sind W ildlife Wetlands Sky High project and Teachers who were local women of Department. The team found N o r t h e r n A l p i n e W e t l a n d s Sukkur, Students of The City School, people fishing in the mid of the river celebrated the World Mountain Day, Local representatives of Ghotki without any card or fishing license. 2011 with the community of Riverside Community and Staff of The team also found temporary Qurumbar national Park. The Sind Forest Department. The camps of fishing groups on islands Speech and drawing competition activities of the event included the inside the river and along narrow were arranged among the school following: channels all of them were unable to childrens of the valley. A total of 48 Briefing on Concept of Eco- produce any permit but they s t u d e n t s / t e a c h e r s a n d 1 5 tourism claimed to be fishing for their fish representatives of the Qurumbar Information Lecture on Trees and contractor who they said has the community and relevant agencies Plants license. participated in the program. Plantation of total numbers of 36 Sind Wildlife Department, Sind Free medical camp in plants including Murraya Forest Department and Pakistan exotica, Delonix rigia, C a s s i a Wetlands Program are in the Broghil Valley fistula and Azyadirachta indica process of series of dialogues with Due to poor infrastructure, extreme Memoir Shield presented to the all key fish contractors and poverty and physical isolation, the Madam of City School at the influentials living along the river in basic health facilities are neither plantation event. Katcha area. Fisheries department available nor accessible for the Presentation on Forest and need to take strict actions to stop Wakhi communities living in Broghil Environment that illegal and offensive mode of valley. In case of emergency, the Presentation on Biodiversity fishing that has deteriorated the local patients often have to travel to Excursion Walk in Forest situation for Indus dolphin. There is down towns of Chitral or Gilgit. Even The trip participants later walked in an urgent need for patrolling and for the treatment of minor ailments the forest and closely watched the monitoring to keep check on these Continued on page 9 National P to thefieldstaffofDeosai W ward staff to a over Deputy W programme w plateau. and undertaken Deosai. key for forest understanding s P Lake" Sheosar covered wildflowers season biodiversity w well Gilgit P (1,200 area This wetlandsdominatedprotected meters Baltistan the The of children t medical were were the different medical community improve compared level balance low W o leading which Continued frompage8 h akistan arks n i ceremony i etlands omen, e a the stimulate t g

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ol. 5No.51 -Dec.2011 NINE Continued from page 9 partner's organization Sindho Baily Six months long Communities attended this 4 days Community Based Organization training workshop in eco-tourist diploma training course of ( S B C B O ) a n d C I W C t e a m community watchers held guiding skills from 25 to 28 organized field survey upstream October, 2011. The training and downstream of Taunsa Barrage Availability of local trained human course was divided into two Wildlife Sanctuary and identified the asset plays a central role to ensure parts comprising on procedural M O H A N A S c o m m u n i t i e s ' sustainability in conservation efforts knowledge and technical skills. The settlements which includes: Daira and prudent use of resources. In Objectives of the training workshop Shah Gharbi ( Moza Bodo Mana, order to introduce a better ward and were: Sikhani Wala), Basti Sheikhan and watch system in Broghil and To train young individual Basti alla wali. Extreme poverty, Qurumbar valleys, four community selected by The Pakistan TEN illiteracy, rights for fishing, members were selected for 6 month Wetlands Program from CIWC unemployment, boats and fishing training course as wildlife watcher Communities as Ecotourism nets cost out of range, no facility and and forest guard in Thai Forest Guides. training for fish catch storage, School Abbottabad. The selection To enhance their understanding limited access to market, limited process was done in consultation and skills of tourist group facility to transport the fish and with community representatives of handling. prevailing water born diseases in both Ishkoman and Imit valleys of To create awareness among the area were identified as main Ghizer district, Gilgit-Baltistan as these guides about the negative problems. well as the custodian Forest Wildlife and positive impact of tourism The CIWC team after conducting Department. These community activity in project areas. Training Need Assessment and representatives joined the School in To make them familiar with the detailed consultations with February, 2011 and completed the techniques and skills necessary identified communities organized course in August 2011. t o c o n d u c t t o u r s i n a n the 04 days (starting from 31st This course has enhanced the environmentally and culturally October, 2011 to November 3rd, technical capacities of the trainees friendly way. 2011) training on “Sustainable which in turn will award them with To make them understand the Fishing Practices Techniques for by- livelihood opportunities as l i n k a g e s b e t w e e n t h e catch Reduction”. A total of 45 employee in the notified two sustainable development of selected fishermen including 15 National Parks in their respective Ecotourism, nature conservation from each 03 selected settlements valleys. They are recently involved and community socio-economic of MOHANAS were trained on as community based Wildlife development. “sustainable fishing practices for W a t c h e r s t h r o u g h t h e i r In overall, it was a good learning by-catch reduction” in collaboration representative community based experience for all the participants. with Punjab Fisheries Department, organization like Chiantar Welfare All the participants took keen Muzaffar Gargh. The objective of Society Broghil (CWSB), Proper interest in the course and appeared organizing these activities and I s h k o m a n D e v e l o p m e n t to have derived benefit from it. The trainings was: Organization (PIDO) and Qurumbar selection criteria and procedure To raise awareness among the Social Welfare and Conservation should be strictly followed. Only fishermen communities about D e v e l o p m e n t O r g a n i z a t i o n those participants should be the importance and significance (QSWCDO). One of the trained selected who are motivated/ of Taunsa Wildlife Sanctuary; person got employment in educated to adopt tour guiding as a To train the fishermen community Qurumbar National Park through profession. The performance of in sustainable fishing techniques WWF-Pakistan's Saving Wetlands these guides will be assessed after and to make them aware about Sky High Programme. one tourist season and a refresher the Government of Punjab Community based course may be conducted after 6 Fisheries Department rules and activists trained in animal months. regulations. husbandry exercises TRAINING WORKSHOP To train in handling and rescue ON “SUSTAINABLE techniques of Indus Dolphin/ The livestock in Broghil valley is the FISHING PRACTICES FOR turtles if stuck in the net as to backbone of their subsistence and curtail/reduce mortality of e c o n o m y. D u e t o e x t r e m e BY-CATCH REDUCTION” precious wildlife Dolphin/turtles remoteness, the valley is lacking The CIWC team under sub out 8.5, as result of by-catch; livestock management facility. The conducted many activities to share To strengthen the working diseases of foot and mouth the importance and significance of relationships of fishermen folk sometimes burst out as epidemic. Indus River, Taunsa Wildlife communities with WWF-P for Due to the lack of facility and trained Sanctuary and its precious protection and conservation of persons in livestock sector, huge biodiversity. From October 16th- nature and natural resources. losses were recorded before the 19th, 2011 in collaboration with local Continued on page 11 T h e P a k i s t a n W e t l a n d s P r o g r a m m e Vol. 5 No. 51 Oct-Dec.2011

Continued from page 10 programme operation. To build the lectures, presentations and group capacity of the local Wakhi work on key concepts like community and to provide c o n s e r v a t i o n , s u s t a i n a b l e treatment facility within the valley, development, conflict resolution, four selected community activist qualities of community leaders and successfully completed one month promotion of responsible tourism in long training course. This was Qurumbar valley. organized through Livestock Trainers and Consultant and Article Agricultural University of Peshawar. Training in social Comparative analysis of forest (Pail-Piran). This area has a mobilization and biogas plants and its huge scope of alternative energy organization held for ecological and social sources like solar, wind and biogas. The people are totally dependent on Broghil community impacts in Soon Valley forests for fulfilling their domestic ELEVEN By definition social organization is needs like cooking, water boiling the ability of a community structure and space heating. Therefore to realize the common values of its cutting of trees is a common residents and maintain effective practice adopted by the locals. social controls". The present world Many factors have lead to emphasizes a great deal on the deforestation in the area, including participation of communities in the forest fires and cutting of trees as development and conservation there is no gas supply in the area. e f f o r t s . A c c u s t o m i n g Electricity is available since 2009, representatives of community but the power shortage is common based institutions is mandatory for The beautiful Soon Valley is located in rural area like Soon valley. the sustainable operation of the approximately 300km south of the T h e b i o g a s t e c h n o l o g y i s institutions and especially in remote capital city of Islamabad. It is part of considered as an important areas. Keeping this fact in mind and the Khushab District. The valley is alternative source of energy. It helps to ensure the sustainability in the divided amongst 22 villages, in reducing the use of fuelwood, and f u n c t i o n i n g o f c o m m u n i t y surrounded by the Salt Range therefore helps in conservation of organization, a week long social (second largest salt mine in the forest resources. It has health organization training was organized world) to the northwest and towards benefits by reducing indoor in Broghil valley. Office bearers, southeast is river Jehlum. The Soon pollution and improving the members of both male and female valley is an important landmark h o u s e h o l d e n v i r o n m e n t . I t organizations actively participated because of the flourishing farms, promotes the idea of waste to in the training. In total 35 community natural resources and precious energy technology, which plays an representatives including 12 female ancient civilization. The famous important role in solid waste members participated in the training saltwater lakes of the area include management. Thus it has both session. Khabeki, Uchhali and Jhalar. social and ecological impacts on Training workshop held Pakistan wetland programme is the community. The study was for Qurumbar community playing a significant role in conducted in Soon Valley by sustainability and conservation of Pakistan Wetlands Programme; a on social mobilization natural resources in the Salt Range joint project of WWF- Pakistan and The PWP-NAWC conducted two- Wetlands. The area is home to vast the Government of Pakistan. The days long 'Social mobilization natural forests, wildlife, hills, natural Valley is situated in the north west of training workshop' for the springs, numerous species of local Khushab district in Punjab province. community leaders/members of and migratory birds. Socio-economic conditions in the Qurumbar valley at Gahkuch. The Soon Valley is a hilly area with area present a picture of excessive objective of the training was to developing infrastructure. Mining population pressure combined with harness the skills of the participants and agriculture are the two main intensive use of natural resources of Qurumbar Social Welfare professions of the people. for livelihoods and daily needs. The Conservation and Development Approximately 80% population is people of the area are mostly Organization for social mobilization dependent on agriculture. There are dependant on agriculture and and community participation in hundreds of small land holders in livestock. The common source of natural resources conservation. A Soon Valley who are totally fuel being used in the area is wood total of 14 participants attended the dependent on their fields for leading to deforestation. A study workshop. The workshop sessions livelihood. 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