Transit Mode Primer
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TRANSIT MODE PRIMER The Regional Tampa Bay Next is a program to modernize We’re committed to providing both financial and Tampa Bay’s transportation infrastructure and prepare technical support to our local partners in their pursuit for the future. FDOT is committed to a comprehensive of better transit services. To make a robust and reliable approach to transportation planning and development transit system a reality, the Tampa Bay community for an integrated, multimodal regional transportation must work together to reach a consensus on transit system. The program includes: improvement projects and develop a viable funding plan • Interstate Modernization to construct, operate and maintain the system. To get • Transit better transit services in our community, we must answer • Bicycle/Pedestrian Facilities one important question: Are we willing to pay for it? • Complete Streets • Transportation Innovation Transit Mode Characteristics • Freight Mobility Type of service provided: average distance of trip Tampa Bay’s complex transportation problems require Type of station: elevated, platform, shelter, on- comprehensive, multimodal solutions. With Tampa street, or park-and-ride Bay Next, FDOT’s interstate planning is fully integrated with transit planning. Spacing between stations: average distance between stations How can Tampa Bay make transit a Operating speeds: average operating speeds (miles reality? per hour); affected by the number of stations, weight of the vehicle, incline, and number and degree of turns Transit is a locally supported service and any major transit improvements would require investment from Capacity: optimal capacity measured in passengers the local community. When you look at successful per hour; assumes bus or train arrives at a station every transit models across the United States, you see local 10 minutes, except aerial cable transit (3 minutes) and communities prioritizing funding for transit systems. commuter rail (15 minutes) FDOT continues to be a funding partner for transit Corridor width: average width of corridor in feet; does services investing millions of dollars annually in the not include space for stations, may be wider at turns, Tampa Bay area. especially commuter rail Turning radius required: average turning radii; may This primer describes the transit modes have a significant impact on right-of-way needed dependent on the transit mode being discussed as part of Tampa Bay Next. Tampa Bay Next | Transit Modes Primer October 2017 | Page 1 Local bus service is provided by rubber tire vehicles on local streets. Buses run on deisel, LOCAL BUS gasoline, battery, or alternative fuel. Service is provided on a repetitive, fixed-schedule along a specific route. Stops are close together to deliver and pick up passengers as close to their destinations or origins as possible, resulting in lower average speeds. Fares are paid on-board and buses typically contain bicycle racks on the fronts of the vehicles. Type of Service: Operating 10-45 Local Bus Short distance trips Speeds: MPH Type of Station: 10-65 Express Bus On-street, shelter, or transit center Capacity: 256-960MPH Local Bus (passengers/hour) Spacing Between Stations: 10-45 320-880MPH BRTExpress in Mixed Bus Traffic Generally 1/10 mile to 1/4 mile Corridor 24 FT Local Bus Examples: Width: 320-96010-65 BRT (in mixed traffic) PSTA in Pinellas County, FL (pictured); HART MPH BRT in Dedicated Lane in Hillsborough County, FL; PCPT in Pasco Turning Radius 480-1,440 BRT in Dedicated Lane County, FL Required: 35-4424-2810-30 FT FT AutonomousExpress Solutions Bus 160-2,000+MPH Autonomous Solutions 10-15 250-2,000+24-28MPH FT HeritageHeritageBRT Streetcar Streetcar EXPRESS BUS Express Bus is a commonly used in urban areas and typically intended to run faster than local bus service between commuter destination points. Express buses 30-65do800-4,800 not ModernModern Streetcar Streetcar make as many stops as local bus service and often take routes that are quicker,MPH such BRT in Dedicated Lane 24-28400-7,200 FT Light Rail as freeways or dedicated toll lanes. Buses may operate out of park and ride lots20-60 and in some cases only run during rush hour in the peak direction. 10-45MPH Light Rail 600-4,500+MPH LocalCommuter Bus Rail 30-6030-40 FT Autonomous Solutions Type of Service: Operating 1,000-6,000+10-65MPH CommuterExpressHeavy BusRail Rail Medium and long distance trips Speeds: MPH 256-960 Local Bus 50-80800-6,000+ Elevated Rail Type of Station: 10-45MPH24-40 FT HeavyHeritage Rail Streetcar Capacity: BRT in Mixed Traffic On-street, shelter, or park and ride 320-880MPH ExpressLocal Bus Bus (passengers/hour) 600-2,400+24 FT High Speed Rail Spacing Between Stations: 40-70 10-65MPH Elevated Rail 320-960MPH24-40 FT BRTBRTModern in (inDedicated mixed Streetcar traffic) Lane Varies, generally more than 5 miles Corridor 320-1,200 Aerial Transit Examples: Width: 90-15024-28 FT Express Bus 10-30480-1,440MPH HighBRT Speed in Dedicated Rail Lane Tampa to Orlando Megabus (pictured); 400-2,400MPH AutonomousWater Ferry Solutions 40 FT Light Rail Tampa, FL; St. Petersburg, FL; Orlando, FL Turning Radius 160-2,000+10-45 Autonomous Solutions 24-2810-15MPH FT AerialBRT Transit Required: 44 FTMPH Heritage Streetcar 250-2,000+40- Heritage Streetcar Average speed information based on project examples and provided by the American Public Transit Association; Vehicle25-35 seated100 FT Commuter Rail capacity based on manufacturer specifications, references available upon request; Corridor width and turning radii30-65MPH based on projectWater Ferry examples as provided by the Federal Transit Administration and manufacturer specifications, references available 24-28uponMPH800-4,800 request. FT ModernModernBRT Streetcar inStreetcar Dedicated Lane 40- 20-60400-7,200100 FT LightHeavy Rail Rail MPH Light Rail 30-40 FT Autonomous Solutions 600-4,500+ Commuter Rail Tampa Bay Next | Transit Modes Primer October 201730-60 | Page40- 2 MPH 100 FTCommuterElevated Rail Rail 1,000-6,000+ Heavy Rail 24-40 FT Heritage Streetcar 50-80 Heavy Rail 800-6,000+MPH 100 Elevated Rail FT High Speed Rail 40-70 600-2,400+MPH24-40 FT ElevatedHighModern Speed Rail RailStreetcar 320-1,20090-15030 FT AerialAerial Transit Transit MPH High Speed Rail 40 FT Light Rail 400-2,400 Water Ferry 10-45Not MPHApplicable AerialWater Transit Ferry 40- 100 FT Commuter Rail 25-35 MPH Water Ferry 40- 100 FT Heavy Rail 40- 100 FT Elevated Rail 100 FT High Speed Rail 30 FT Aerial Transit Not Applicable Water Ferry Bus Rapid Transit has specialized design, branding, services, and infrastructure BUS RAPID TRANSIT that improve quality of service and reduce delay. Vehicles may be given priority at 10-45 intersections. Off-board ticketing, low floor vehicles, and multiple doors allowMPH for faster Local Bus boarding. This service aims to combine the capacity and speed of rail with the flexibility, 10-65 lower cost, and simplicity of a bus. MPH Express Bus Type of Service: Operating 10-45 24 FT BRTLocal in Mixed Bus Traffic Short and medium distance trips Speeds: MPH 256-960 Local Bus Type of Station: 10-65 BRT in Dedicated Lane On-street, shelter, or platform Capacity: 320-880MPH Express Bus (passengers/hour) 24-28 FT Express Bus Spacing Between Stations: 320-96010-30 AutonomousBRT (in mixed Solutions traffic) 1/4 mile to 3 miles Corridor MPH 24-28 FT BRT Examples: Width: 480-1,44010-15 BRT in Dedicated Lane Los Angeles, CA (pictured); Las Vegas, NV; MPH Heritage Streetcar Charlotte, NC Turning Radius 160-2,000+ AutonomousBRT in Dedicated Solutions Lane Required: 44-7524-2830-65 FT FT Modern Streetcar 250-2,000+MPH Heritage Streetcar 20-60 BUS RAPID TRANSIT 10-45800-4,80030-40MPH FT LocalLightModernAutonomous RailBus Streetcar Solutions Bus Rapid Transit in a dedicated lane has the same characteristics as Bus MPHRapid IN DEDICATED LANE Transit, but vehicles run in their own lane dedicated to buses. This allows the30-60400-7,200 vehicles Light Rail 10-65MPH Commuter Rail to bypass congestion and makes the service more reliable and the travel time24-40MPH to FT ExpressHeritage Bus Streetcar 600-4,500+ Commuter Rail destinations more competitive compared to personal vehicles. 50-80 256-9602410-45MPH FT HeavyLocalLocal Rail Bus Bus 1,000-6,000+MPH BRTHeavy in MixedRail Traffic 24-40 FT Modern Streetcar Type of Service: Operating 320-88040-70 Express Bus 800-6,000+10-65MPH BRTElevatedElevated in Dedicated RailRail Lane Short and medium distance trips Speeds: 24-28MPH FT Express Bus 320-960 BRT (in mixed traffic) 600-2,400+90-15040 FT Light Rail Type of Station: 10-30MPH HighHigh Speed Speed RailRail On-street, shelter, or platform Capacity: MPH Autonomous Solutions (passengers/hour) 24-28480-1,440 FT BRTBRT in Dedicated Lane 320-1,20010-45 Aerial Transit Spacing Between Stations: 10-15MPH 40- Aerial Transit 160-2,000+MPH 100 FTHeritageAutonomousCommuter Streetcar Solutions Rail 1/4 mile to 3 miles Corridor 400-2,400 Water Ferry Width: 24-2825-35 FT BRT in Dedicated Lane Examples: 250-2,000+30-65MPH WaterHeritage Ferry Streetcar MPH 40- Modern Streetcar Eugene, OR (pictured); Los Angeles, CA; 100 FT Heavy Rail Cleveland, OH; Boston, MA; Orlando, FL Turning Radius 800-4,800 Modern Streetcar 20-6030-40 FT Autonomous Solutions Required: 44-75MPH FT Light Rail 400-7,20040- Light Rail Average speed information based on project examples and provided by the American Public Transit Association; Vehicle seated100 FT Elevated Rail capacity based on manufacturer specifications, references available upon request; Corridor width and turning radii30-60