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The Idea of 'Celtic Justice' in the Greco-Roman Lighter Literature
Cruel and Unusual? The Idea of ‘Celtic justice’ in the Greco-Roman Lighter Literature Antti Lampinen Abstract This article seeks to demonstrate that dramatically illustrated examples of the Celts’ sense of justice emerge as a minor trope in Greek and Roman ‘lighter literature’. In sources ranging from the Hellenistic to the Imperial era, novelistic narratives taking their cue from the register of lighter literature—with its emphasis on pathos, cultural difference, and romantic themes—feature several barbarian characters, characterised as ‘Celts’ or ‘Galatae’, who act according to a code of conduct that was constructed purposefully as barbarian, archaic, and alien. This set of motifs I venture to call the trope of ‘Celtic justice’. While almost certainly devoid of historical source value to actual judicial cultures of Iron Age Europeans, neither are these references mere alterité. Instead, their relationship with other literary registers demonstrate the literariness of certain modes of thought that came to inform the enquiry of Greek and Roman observers into the Celtic northerners. Their ostensibly ethnographical contents emerge as markers of complex textual strategies and vibrant reception of literary motifs. While lacking ‘anthropological’ source value, these texts demonstrate the variety and intensity with which the contacts between Greeks and Celts affected the epistemic regime of the Mediterranean societies.* From the 270s onwards the Hellenistic era witnessed among the Greeks an intense and emotionally charged interest in Celts. -
Select Epigrams from the Greek Anthology
SELECT EPIGRAMS FROM THE GREEK ANTHOLOGY J. W. MACKAIL∗ Fellow of Balliol College, Oxford. PREPARER’S NOTE This book was published in 1890 by Longmans, Green, and Co., London; and New York: 15 East 16th Street. The epigrams in the book are given both in Greek and in English. This text includes only the English. Where Greek is present in short citations, it has been given here in transliterated form and marked with brackets. A chapter of Notes on the translations has also been omitted. eti pou proima leuxoia Meleager in /Anth. Pal./ iv. 1. Dim now and soil’d, Like the soil’d tissue of white violets Left, freshly gather’d, on their native bank. M. Arnold, /Sohrab and Rustum/. PREFACE The purpose of this book is to present a complete collection, subject to certain definitions and exceptions which will be mentioned later, of all the best extant Greek Epigrams. Although many epigrams not given here have in different ways a special interest of their own, none, it is hoped, have been excluded which are of the first excellence in any style. But, while it would be easy to agree on three-fourths of the matter to be included in such a scope, perhaps hardly any two persons would be in exact accordance with regard to the rest; with many pieces which lie on the border line of excellence, the decision must be made on a balance of very slight considerations, and becomes in the end one rather of personal taste than of any fixed principle. For the Greek Anthology proper, use has chiefly been made of the two ∗PDF created by pdfbooks.co.za 1 great works of Jacobs, -
Queen Arsinoë II, the Maritime Aphrodite and Early Ptolemaic Ruler Cult
ΑΡΣΙΝΟΗ ΕΥΠΛΟΙΑ Queen Arsinoë II, the Maritime Aphrodite and Early Ptolemaic Ruler Cult Carlos Francis Robinson Bachelor of Arts (Hons. 1) A thesis submitted for the degree of Master of Philosophy at The University of Queensland in 2019 Historical and Philosophical Inquiry Abstract Queen Arsinoë II, the Maritime Aphrodite and Early Ptolemaic Ruler Cult By the early Hellenistic period a trend was emerging in which royal women were deified as Aphrodite. In a unique innovation, Queen Arsinoë II of Egypt (c. 316 – 270 BC) was deified as the maritime Aphrodite, and was associated with the cult titles Euploia, Akraia, and Galenaië. It was the important study of Robert (1966) which identified that the poets Posidippus and Callimachus were honouring Arsinoë II as the maritime Aphrodite. This thesis examines how this new third-century BC cult of ‘Arsinoë Aphrodite’ adopted aspects of Greek cults of the maritime Aphrodite, creating a new derivative cult. The main historical sources for this cult are the epigrams of Posidippus and Callimachus, including a relatively new epigram (Posidippus AB 39) published in 2001. This thesis demonstrates that the new cult of Arsinoë Aphrodite utilised existing traditions, such as: Aphrodite’s role as patron of fleets, the practice of dedications to Aphrodite by admirals, the use of invocations before sailing, and the practice of marine dedications such as shells. In this way the Ptolemies incorporated existing religious traditions into a new form of ruler cult. This study is the first attempt to trace the direct relationship between Ptolemaic ruler cult and existing traditions of the maritime Aphrodite, and deepens our understanding of the strategies of ruler cult adopted in the early Hellenistic period. -
December 3, 1992 CHAPTER VIII
December 3, 1992 CHAPTER VIII: EARLY HELLENISTIC DYNAMISM, 323-146 Aye me, the pain and the grief of it! I have been sick of Love's quartan now a month and more. He's not so fair, I own, but all the ground his pretty foot covers is grace, and the smile of his face is very sweetness. 'Tis true the ague takes me now but day on day off, but soon there'll be no respite, no not for a wink of sleep. When we met yesterday he gave me a sidelong glance, afeared to look me in the face, and blushed crimson; at that, Love gripped my reins still the more, till I gat me wounded and heartsore home, there to arraign my soul at bar and hold with myself this parlance: "What wast after, doing so? whither away this fond folly? know'st thou not there's three gray hairs on thy brow? Be wise in time . (Theocritus, Idylls, XXX). Writers about pederasty, like writers about other aspects of ancient Greek culture, have tended to downplay the Hellenistic period as inferior. John Addington Symonds, adhering to the view of the great English historian of ancient Greece, George Grote, that the Hellenistic Age was decadent, ended his Problem in Greek Ethics with the loss of Greek freedom at Chaeronea: Philip of Macedon, when he pronounced the panegyric of the Sacred Band at Chaeronea, uttered the funeral oration of Greek love in its nobler forms. With the decay of military spirit and the loss of freedom, there was no sphere left for that type of comradeship which I attempted to describe in Section IV. -
The Birth and the Development of the Idealized Concept of Arcadia in the Late Classical Societies
50 Antonio Corso УДК 73.03 (730) ББК 85.13; 63.3(0)32 DOI:10.18688/aa155-1-3 Antonio Corso The Birth and the Development of the Idealized Concept of Arcadia in the Late Classical Societies The establishment of an idealized concept of the life in forests and meadows and of the localization of the happiness in the groves in the Greek historical region of Arcadia is a long process. In the Greek archaic society the notion that living in forests is something beautiful is nev- er stated. Homer in Iliad 6. 200–202 represents Bellerophon who is punished by the gods and thus wanders desolated and dismayed upon the Alean plain. Here loneliness is regard- ed a negative condition: the exclusion from the laos, from the men’s club of a community [5, pp. 315–317; 367–369; 790–792 and 919–922]1. On the contrary, Hesiod’s description of the Summer in his Works and Days (vv. 582–596) is at the very beginning of the idea of enjoying the countryside far from any concern: ‘Let me have a shady rock and wine of Biblis a clot of curds and milk of drained goats with the flesh of a heifer fed in the woods, that has never calved, and of firstling kids; then also let me drink bright wine, sitting in the shade, when my heart is satisfied with food, and so, turning my head to face the fresh Zephyr, from the ever flowing spring which pours down unfouled, thrice pour an offering of water, but make a fourth libation of wine’ [10]. -
Anyte of Tegea and the Other Dead
Honouring the Dead in the Peloponnese Proceedings of the conference held at Sparta 23-25 April 2009 Edited by Helen Cavanagh, William Cavanagh and James Roy CSPS Online Publication 2 prepared by Sam Farnham Table of Contents Abstracts v Preface xxv 1 Emilia Banou and Louise Hitchcock The 'Lord of Vapheio': the social identity of the dead and its implications for Laconia in the 1 Late Helladic II–IIIA period. 2 Diana Burton God and hero: the iconography and cult of Apollo at the Amyklaion. 25 3 Nikolaos Dimakis The display of individual status in the burials οf Classical and Hellenistic Argos. 33 4 Eleni Drakaki Late Bronze Age female burials with hard stone seals from the Peloponnese: a contextual 51 approach. 5 Rachel Fox Vessels and the body in Early Mycenaean funerary contexts. 71 6 Florentia Fragkopoulou Sanctuary dedications and the treatment of the dead in Laconia (800–600 BC): the case of 83 Artemis Orthia. 7 Stamatis Fritzilas Grave stelai and burials in Megalopolis. 99 8 Pepi Gavala The sculpted monuments in Laconian cemeteries (late 19th – early 20th century). 129 9 Oliver Gengler 151 Leonidas and the heroes of Thermopylae: memory of the dead and identity in Roman Sparta. 10 Mercourios Georgiadis 163 Honouring the dead in Mesolithic and Neolithic Peloponnese: a few general observations. 11 Grigoris Grigorakakis 183 New investigations by the 39th Ephoreia of Prehistoric and Classical antiquities at Helleniko, n. Kynouria. The burial of Late Classical date from the western roadside cemetery. 12 Georgia Kakourou-Chroni Nikiforos Vrettakos: “Let us depart ascending ...” 201 13 Konstantinos Kalogeropoulos The social and religious significance of palatial jars as grave offerings. -
Hidden in Plain Sight: Martial and the Greek Epigrammatic Tradition
University of Pennsylvania ScholarlyCommons Publicly Accessible Penn Dissertations 2015 Hidden in Plain Sight: Martial and the Greek Epigrammatic Tradition Joseph M. Lucci University of Pennsylvania, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations Part of the Classical Literature and Philology Commons Recommended Citation Lucci, Joseph M., "Hidden in Plain Sight: Martial and the Greek Epigrammatic Tradition" (2015). Publicly Accessible Penn Dissertations. 1864. https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/1864 This paper is posted at ScholarlyCommons. https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/1864 For more information, please contact [email protected]. Hidden in Plain Sight: Martial and the Greek Epigrammatic Tradition Abstract Martial, perhaps the best-known author of Latin epigram, has enjoyed a resurgence of scholarly attention over the past two decades, and much has been made of his self-professed debt to earlier Latin epigrammatists, especially Catullus. Less prevalent, however, has been discussion of how he relates to authors of Greek epigram, which may not be surprising given that Martial passes over the Greek epigrammatic tradition in nearly total silence. This dissertation seeks to explain the silence. Through close readings of specific poems yb Martial, both in themselves and alongside epigrams by his Greek predecessors, I argue that he has fashioned an intentionally ambivalent attitude toward the Greek tradition. Martial contends with a fundamentally Roman literary condundrum – he must negotiate the inevitable and irreconcilable tension between acknowledging the importance of his Greek predecessors and asserting his own claim to superiority over them. But Martial, I suggest, relishes such tensions, depicting Greece and Greek epigram as inconsistent and even bipolar entities which he can then exploit as sources of humor or self-aggrandizement. -
Eisodos2017.2.Pdf
e i s o d o s – Zeitschrift für Literatur und Theorie Herausgegeben von Bettina Bohle und Lena Krauss Erscheinungsort: Berlin ISSN: 2364-4397 eisodos erscheint unter dem Copyright CC BY. www.eisodos.org Wissenschaftlicher Beirat Manuel Baumbach Ruhr-Universität Bochum Stefan Büttner Universität Wien Jonas Grethlein Universität Heidelberg Hans Ulrich Gumbrecht Stanford University Rebecca Lämmle University of Cambridge Peter von Möllendorff Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen Melanie Möller Freie Universität Berlin Gernot Michael Müller Katholische Universität Eichstätt-Ingolstadt Heinz-Günther Nesselrath Universität Göttingen Maria Oikonomou Universität Wien Gerhard Poppenberg Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Christiane Reitz Universität Rostock Christoph Riedweg Universität Zürich Arbogast Schmitt Philipps-Universität Marburg Thomas A. Schmitz Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn Monika Schmitz-Emans Ruhr-Universität Bochum Linda Simonis Ruhr-Universität Bochum Jörn Steigerwald Universität Paderborn Martin Vöhler Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Michael Weißenberger Universität Rostock Zandro Zanetti Universität Zürich eisodos ist eine peer-reviewed, open-access, online-Zeitschrift für B.A.-, M.A.- und Lehramts-Studierende sowie Doktoranden noch ohne peer-reviewed Publikation. Thematischer Schwerpunkt von eisodos sind Fragen der Interpretation von antiker Literatur und des Theorievergleichs. Eine Übersicht der in eisodos verwendeten Abkürzungen griechischer und lateinischer Autornamen und Werktitel findet sich unter folgendem -
V.S. Lectures, No. 83 ARCADIA a Lecture Delivered to the Virgil
V.S. Lectures, No. 83 ARCADIA A lecture delivered to the Virgil Society 21st October 1967 by the Rev. Peter Levi. S..T. , M.A. We are interested in Virgil's Arcadia not only, and not first because it is a problem of literary history, to be solved by skilful analysis and accurate scholarship, but because it is a profound theme, a truly moving poetic conception which is inseparable from the greatness of Virgil's early poetry. The problem is a wide one, but it can be simply stated: why does Virgil in the Eclogues talk about Arcadia and Arcadians, and what does he mean to convey? That is the problem but it is not so easy to analyse the poetic conception. We have all learnt that Virgil's landscape is ideal, mixed, non-local, that it is essentially cultivated, that its characters are allegorical and its values spiritual, and that it has some relation to Hellenistic painting. But this conception remains diffuse, and it is hard to see why it should be so moving. The subject of Virgilian landscape extends too far to be treated in this paper; it involves all the contrasts and obsessions of the Georgies, and what by a paradox one might call the passionate modesty of that poem. To approach the subject one would have to begin by discussing Virgil's religious situation, and by estab lishing that landscape poetry did not exist in his time in any modern sense of the word. I am not a good enough Virgilian scholar to deal with all the thoughts and feelings and the resonance of the words that are present in the landscape background to the Eclogues, but I hope that if we confine ourselves to the problem of Arcadia, why Arcadia, we may stand a better chance of throwing some light on Virgil, and on the mistakes we make about him. -
Honouring the Dead in the Peloponnese
Honouring the Dead in the Peloponnese Proceedings of the conference held at Sparta 23-25 April 2009 Edited by Helen Cavanagh, William Cavanagh and James Roy CSPS Online Publication 2 prepared by Sam Farnham Table of Contents Abstracts v Preface xxv 1 Emilia Banou and Louise Hitchcock The 'Lord of Vapheio': the social identity of the dead and its implications for Laconia in the 1 Late Helladic II–IIIA period. 2 Diana Burton God and hero: the iconography and cult of Apollo at the Amyklaion. 25 3 Nikolaos Dimakis The display of individual status in the burials οf Classical and Hellenistic Argos. 33 4 Eleni Drakaki Late Bronze Age female burials with hard stone seals from the Peloponnese: a contextual 51 approach. 5 Rachel Fox Vessels and the body in Early Mycenaean funerary contexts. 71 6 Florentia Fragkopoulou Sanctuary dedications and the treatment of the dead in Laconia (800–600 BC): the case of 83 Artemis Orthia. 7 Stamatis Fritzilas Grave stelai and burials in Megalopolis. 99 8 Pepi Gavala The sculpted monuments in Laconian cemeteries (late 19th – early 20th century). 129 9 Oliver Gengler 151 Leonidas and the heroes of Thermopylae: memory of the dead and identity in Roman Sparta. 10 Mercourios Georgiadis 163 Honouring the dead in Mesolithic and Neolithic Peloponnese: a few general observations. 11 Grigoris Grigorakakis 183 New investigations by the 39th Ephoreia of Prehistoric and Classical antiquities at Helleniko, n. Kynouria. The burial of Late Classical date from the western roadside cemetery. 12 Georgia Kakourou-Chroni Nikiforos Vrettakos: “Let us depart ascending ...” 201 13 Konstantinos Kalogeropoulos The social and religious significance of palatial jars as grave offerings. -
Select Epigrams from the Greek Anthology ;
, 6>-iX s~\ I /^"V I r\ ^^HCLS zzzzZ*' r LIBRARY Y OF CALIFORNIA LIBRARY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Y OF CALIFORNIA LIBRARY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LIBRARY 1 ~~ 1 fY OF CALIFORNIA LIBRARY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LIBRARY ) /86&'><X r\ I F-~^ I ^ Xs^-/865: wI'll ^n^^*" TY OF CALIFORNIA LIBRARY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LIBRARY ) ) TY OF CALIFORNIA LIBRARY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LIBRARY ) ) TY OF CALIFORNIA LIBRARY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LIBRARY ) ? SELECT EPIGRAMS FROM THE GREEK ANTHOLOGY SELECT EPIGRAMS FROM THE GREEK ANTHOLOGY EDITED WITH REVISED TEXT TRANSLATION INTRODUCTION AND NOTES BY J. W. MACKAIL M.A., LL.D., SOMETIME FELLOW OF BALLIOL COLLEGE PROFESSOR OF POETRY IN THE UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD NEW EDITION REVISED THROUGHOUT LONGMANS, GREEN, AND CO. 39 PATERNOSTER ROW, LONDON NEW YORK AND BOMBAY 1906 eri irov jrpwifia \VKoia. MELEAGER in A nth. Pal. iv. i. Dim now and soiVd, Like the soiled tissue of white violets Left) freshly gathered, on their native bank. ARNOLD, Sohrab and Rustuni. PREFACE THE volume published under this title in 1890 has been for some years out of print. In reprinting it, the oppor- tunity has been taken to revise the text, translation and notes carefully throughout, to rewrite considerable portions of the introduction, and also to make some modifications in the contents of the selection. The purpose of this book, as stated in the preface to the original edition, was to present, in such a form as would appeal to the lover of literature and not be ungrateful to the scholar, a collection of all the best extant Greek epi- grams. -
Anthologia Palatina (Epigrams Free from the Hellenic)
ANTHOLOGIA PALATINA (EPIGRAMS FREE FROM THE HELLENIC), OR, WEIGHING UP EROS AND DEVOURING TIME From Plato (C4 BCE) I Lais who proudly laughed at swarms of youthful Lovers, here leave my mirror to the goddess. I don't want to see myself as i'm now I cannot see myself as i was then. From Anyte of Tegea (poetess, Doric school, end of C4 BCE) We died, o Miletus, beloved fatherland, Refusing to lie under the lawless Gauls, We three girls of this town, reduced By horrid War to equal lot. We did not know bestial rape nor proper Bridegroom, but married Hades as defender. From Erinna, of Telos? (poetess, mid-C4 BCE) O stelae & sirens & sad urn Who hold forever my few ashes Greet those who come to my grave & say That newly married i fell into the tomb, That i was named Baucis, my land Telos, & my friend Erinna wrote me this verse. From Aristonos (C3 BCE) If you've emerged looking for bread, mice, This is a poor cabin, wend elsewhere. You'll find there fat cheese, dried figs, A tasty dinner with abundant crumbs. Here, if you sink your teeth into my books, You'll cry for the unhappy meal you found. From Asclepiades (C3 BCE) You defend your virginity. Why? In Hades You won't find a single lover, girl. Venus's pleasures are among the living; On Lethe shore, o virgin, we'll be ashes & bones. *** I dallied one day with Hermione, love's Minion. On her flower girdle, o Paphian goddess, Golden letters spelled out: "Love me all around, & do not grieve if others also touch me".