CHAPTER FIVE Dialect and Standard Language in the Other German
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German Vienna
Learn German Experience & Vienna YEAR- ROUND GERMAN COURSES for adults 16+ in Vienna and online SUMMER COURSES for young people 12-17 and 16-19 years in Vienna and online 2021/2022 www.actilingua.com » Languages are » I was surprised at how extremely important in safe a modern city can my job. German was my be! Even women can use weak point, and I man- the underground or walk aged to set this right in around alone late at night Vienna. It was a lot of fun without worries. « and therefore effortless. « Astrid Nielsen, Denmark Pablo Rodriguez, Spain ActiLingua at a glance One of the leading Courses for adults 16+ Content schools for German German courses in Vienna, Austria as well Learn German & Experience Vienna ...... 4 as live online courses. Courses for adults 16+ .................................... 5 as a foreign language. Maximum class-size: Course levels and certificates ..................... 8 12 (Standard Course), 8 (mini groups) International repu- Starting dates: every Monday, Accommodation .......................................... 10 tation, recommen- beginners once a month Activities ............................................................ 11 ded by major edu- German is taught year-round in small Summer School 12-17 years ...................... 12 international study groups. Holiday Course 16-19 years ..................... 13 cational consultants 20-30 lessons/week. Terms ................................................................. 14 worldwide. Certificate: Austrian German Language Diploma (ÖSD). Attractive pricing: Accommodation compare us with ActiLingua Residence, Host Family, language schools in Apartment, Student House; use of kitchen, breakfast or half-board. Germany! Transfer service on arrival/departure. Perfect nationality Activity and mix: students from leisure programme Included in course price: Vienna city more than 40 walks; talks on Austrian art, culture; countries. -
Landeszentrale Für Politische Bildung Baden-Württemberg, Director: Lothar Frick 6Th Fully Revised Edition, Stuttgart 2008
BADEN-WÜRTTEMBERG A Portrait of the German Southwest 6th fully revised edition 2008 Publishing details Reinhold Weber and Iris Häuser (editors): Baden-Württemberg – A Portrait of the German Southwest, published by the Landeszentrale für politische Bildung Baden-Württemberg, Director: Lothar Frick 6th fully revised edition, Stuttgart 2008. Stafflenbergstraße 38 Co-authors: 70184 Stuttgart Hans-Georg Wehling www.lpb-bw.de Dorothea Urban Please send orders to: Konrad Pflug Fax: +49 (0)711 / 164099-77 Oliver Turecek [email protected] Editorial deadline: 1 July, 2008 Design: Studio für Mediendesign, Rottenburg am Neckar, Many thanks to: www.8421medien.de Printed by: PFITZER Druck und Medien e. K., Renningen, www.pfitzer.de Landesvermessungsamt Title photo: Manfred Grohe, Kirchentellinsfurt Baden-Württemberg Translation: proverb oHG, Stuttgart, www.proverb.de EDITORIAL Baden-Württemberg is an international state – The publication is intended for a broad pub- in many respects: it has mutual political, lic: schoolchildren, trainees and students, em- economic and cultural ties to various regions ployed persons, people involved in society and around the world. Millions of guests visit our politics, visitors and guests to our state – in state every year – schoolchildren, students, short, for anyone interested in Baden-Würt- businessmen, scientists, journalists and numer- temberg looking for concise, reliable informa- ous tourists. A key job of the State Agency for tion on the southwest of Germany. Civic Education (Landeszentrale für politische Bildung Baden-Württemberg, LpB) is to inform Our thanks go out to everyone who has made people about the history of as well as the poli- a special contribution to ensuring that this tics and society in Baden-Württemberg. -
Standard Languages and Language Standards
Standard Languages and Language Standards Gramley, WS 2008-09 Yiddish Divisions of Jewry Sephardim: Spanish-Portugese Jews (and exiled Jews from there) As(h)kinazim: German (or northern European) Jews Mizrhim: Northern African and Arabian Jews "Jewish" languages Commonly formed from the vernacular languages of the larger communities in which Jews lived. Ghettoization and self-segregation led to differences between the local vernaculars and Jews varieties of these languages. Linguistically different because of the addition of Hebrew words, such as meshuga, makhazor (prayer book for the High Holy Days), or beis hakneses (synagogue) Among the best known such languages are Yiddish and Ladino (the Balkans, esp. Bulgaria, Greece, Turkey, the Maghreb – Sephardic Jews expelled from Spain and Portugal in 1492). In biblical times the Jews spoke Hebrew, then Aramaic, later Greek (and so on). Today Hebrew has been revived in the form of Ivrit (= Modern Hebrew). We will be looking at Yiddish. ( ייִדיש) Yiddish The focus on Yiddish is concerned chiefly with the period prior to the Second World War and the Holocaust. Yiddish existed as a language with a wide spread of dialects: Western Yiddish • Northwestern: Northern Germany and the Netherlands • Midwestern: Central Germany • Southwestern: Southern Germany, France (including Judea-Alsatian), Northern Italy Eastern Yiddish This was the larger of the two branches, and without further explanation is what is most often meant when referring to Yiddish. • Northeastern or Litvish: the Baltic states, Belarus • Mideastern or Poylish: Poland and Central Europe • Southeastern or Ukrainish: Ukraine and the Balkans • Hungarian: Austro-Hungarian Empire Standardization The move towards standardization was concentrated most importantly in the first half of the twentieth century. -
Developing a Broadband Automatic Speech Recognition System for Afrikaans
INTERSPEECH 2011 Developing a broadband automatic speech recognition system for Afrikaans Febe de Wet1,2, Alta de Waal1 & Gerhard B van Huyssteen3 1Human Language Technology Competency Area, CSIR Meraka Institute, Pretoria, South Africa 2Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Stellenbosch University, South Africa 3Centre for Text Technology (CTexT), North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] Abstract the South African languages, followed by the local vernacular Afrikaans is one of the eleven official languages of South of South African English [3]. This position can be ascribed Africa. It is classified as an under-resourced language. No an- to various factors, including the fact that more linguistic ex- notated broadband speech corpora currently exist for Afrikaans. pertise and foundational work are available for Afrikaans and This article reports on the development of speech resources for South African English than for the other languages, the avail- Afrikaans, specifically a broadband speech corpus and an ex- ability of text (e.g. newspapers) and speech sources, the fact tended pronunciation dictionary. Baseline results for an ASR that Afrikaans is still somewhat used in the business domain and system that was built using these resources are also presented. in commercial environments (thereby increasing supply-and- In addition, the article suggests different strategies to exploit demand for Afrikaans-based technologies), and also the fact the close relationship between Afrikaans and Dutch for the pur- that Afrikaans could leverage on HLT developments for Dutch poses of technology development. (as a closely related language). Index Terms: Afrikaans, under-resourced languages, auto- Notwithstanding its profile as the most technologically de- matic speech recognition, speech resources veloped language in South Africa, Afrikaans can still be consid- ered an under-resourced language when compared to languages such as English, Spanish, Dutch or Japanese. -
Language Contact at the Romance-Germanic Language Border
Language Contact at the Romance–Germanic Language Border Other Books of Interest from Multilingual Matters Beyond Bilingualism: Multilingualism and Multilingual Education Jasone Cenoz and Fred Genesee (eds) Beyond Boundaries: Language and Identity in Contemporary Europe Paul Gubbins and Mike Holt (eds) Bilingualism: Beyond Basic Principles Jean-Marc Dewaele, Alex Housen and Li wei (eds) Can Threatened Languages be Saved? Joshua Fishman (ed.) Chtimi: The Urban Vernaculars of Northern France Timothy Pooley Community and Communication Sue Wright A Dynamic Model of Multilingualism Philip Herdina and Ulrike Jessner Encyclopedia of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism Colin Baker and Sylvia Prys Jones Identity, Insecurity and Image: France and Language Dennis Ager Language, Culture and Communication in Contemporary Europe Charlotte Hoffman (ed.) Language and Society in a Changing Italy Arturo Tosi Language Planning in Malawi, Mozambique and the Philippines Robert B. Kaplan and Richard B. Baldauf, Jr. (eds) Language Planning in Nepal, Taiwan and Sweden Richard B. Baldauf, Jr. and Robert B. Kaplan (eds) Language Planning: From Practice to Theory Robert B. Kaplan and Richard B. Baldauf, Jr. (eds) Language Reclamation Hubisi Nwenmely Linguistic Minorities in Central and Eastern Europe Christina Bratt Paulston and Donald Peckham (eds) Motivation in Language Planning and Language Policy Dennis Ager Multilingualism in Spain M. Teresa Turell (ed.) The Other Languages of Europe Guus Extra and Durk Gorter (eds) A Reader in French Sociolinguistics Malcolm Offord (ed.) Please contact us for the latest book information: Multilingual Matters, Frankfurt Lodge, Clevedon Hall, Victoria Road, Clevedon, BS21 7HH, England http://www.multilingual-matters.com Language Contact at the Romance–Germanic Language Border Edited by Jeanine Treffers-Daller and Roland Willemyns MULTILINGUAL MATTERS LTD Clevedon • Buffalo • Toronto • Sydney Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Language Contact at Romance-Germanic Language Border/Edited by Jeanine Treffers-Daller and Roland Willemyns. -
A Bavarian-Speaking Exception in Alemannic-Speaking Switzerland: the Case of Samnaun 48 Located
47 A Bavarian -speaking 1. Introduction1 data2 is missing, as the study by Gröger is the Exception in Alemannic- only detailed linguistic description of the speaking Switzerland: he municipality of Samnaun, situated German dialect in Samnaun. in the extreme east of Switzerland, In this paper, I present a new research The Case of Samnaun project which seeks to fill this gap. The T stands out from the rest of German- speaking Switzerland: Samnaun is usually project is dedicated to the current linguistic A Project Presentation described as the only place where not an situation in Samnaun. Its working title is Alemannic, but a Bavarian dialect is spoken Bairisch-alemannischer Sprachkontakt. Das Journal Article (cf., e.g., Sonderegger 2003: 2839; Wiesinger Spektrum der sprachlichen Variation in Susanne Oberholzer 1983: 817). This claim is based on a study by Samnaun (‘Bavarian-Alemannic Language Gröger (1924) and has found its way into Contact. The Range of Linguistic Variation in Samnaun has been described as the only Samnaun’). This paper describes Samnaun Bavarian-speaking municipality in Ale- many linguistic descriptions of (German- mannic-speaking Switzerland on the basis speaking) Switzerland. In the literature, this and summarises the available descriptions of of a study done in 1924. Hints in the viewpoint has been almost unchallenged for its language situation as well as the aims, literature about the presence of other over 90 years. Hints about the presence of research questions, and methods of the varieties for everyday communication – an other varieties (an Alemannic dialect as well planned project. intermediate variety on the dialect- In section 2, I sketch the municipality of standard -axis as well as an Alemannic as an intermediate variety on the dialect- dialect – have not resulted in more recent standard-axis) from the second half of the Samnaun. -
Texas Alsatian
2017 Texas Alsatian Karen A. Roesch, Ph.D. Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis Indianapolis, Indiana, USA IUPUI ScholarWorks This is the author’s manuscript: This is a draft of a chapter that has been accepted for publication by Oxford University Press in the forthcoming book Varieties of German Worldwide edited by Hans Boas, Anna Deumert, Mark L. Louden, & Péter Maitz (with Hyoun-A Joo, B. Richard Page, Lara Schwarz, & Nora Hellmold Vosburg) due for publication in 2016. https://scholarworks.iupui.edu Texas Alsatian, Medina County, Texas 1 Introduction: Historical background The Alsatian dialect was transported to Texas in the early 1800s, when entrepreneur Henri Castro recruited colonists from the French Alsace to comply with the Republic of Texas’ stipulations for populating one of his land grants located just west of San Antonio. Castro’s colonization efforts succeeded in bringing 2,134 German-speaking colonists from 1843 – 1847 (Jordan 2004: 45-7; Weaver 1985:109) to his land grants in Texas, which resulted in the establishment of four colonies: Castroville (1844); Quihi (1845); Vandenburg (1846); D’Hanis (1847). Castroville was the first and most successful settlement and serves as the focus of this chapter, as it constitutes the largest concentration of Alsatian speakers. This chapter provides both a descriptive account of the ancestral language, Alsatian, and more specifically as spoken today, as well as a discussion of sociolinguistic and linguistic processes (e.g., use, shift, variation, regularization, etc.) observed and documented since 2007. The casual observer might conclude that the colonists Castro brought to Texas were not German-speaking at all, but French. -
Building an Unwanted Nation: the Anglo-American Partnership and Austrian Proponents of a Separate Nationhood, 1918-1934
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Carolina Digital Repository BUILDING AN UNWANTED NATION: THE ANGLO-AMERICAN PARTNERSHIP AND AUSTRIAN PROPONENTS OF A SEPARATE NATIONHOOD, 1918-1934 Kevin Mason A dissertation submitted to the faculty of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of PhD in the Department of History. Chapel Hill 2007 Approved by: Advisor: Dr. Christopher Browning Reader: Dr. Konrad Jarausch Reader: Dr. Lloyd Kramer Reader: Dr. Michael Hunt Reader: Dr. Terence McIntosh ©2007 Kevin Mason ALL RIGHTS RESERVED ii ABSTRACT Kevin Mason: Building an Unwanted Nation: The Anglo-American Partnership and Austrian Proponents of a Separate Nationhood, 1918-1934 (Under the direction of Dr. Christopher Browning) This project focuses on American and British economic, diplomatic, and cultural ties with Austria, and particularly with internal proponents of Austrian independence. Primarily through loans to build up the economy and diplomatic pressure, the United States and Great Britain helped to maintain an independent Austrian state and prevent an Anschluss or union with Germany from 1918 to 1934. In addition, this study examines the minority of Austrians who opposed an Anschluss . The three main groups of Austrians that supported independence were the Christian Social Party, monarchists, and some industries and industrialists. These Austrian nationalists cooperated with the Americans and British in sustaining an unwilling Austrian nation. Ultimately, the global depression weakened American and British capacity to practice dollar and pound diplomacy, and the popular appeal of Hitler combined with Nazi Germany’s aggression led to the realization of the Anschluss . -
German Dialects in Kansas and Missouri Scholarworks User Guide August, 2020
German Dialects in Kansas and Missouri ScholarWorks User Guide August, 2020 Table of Contents INTERVIEW METHODOLOGY ................................................................................................................................. 1 THE RECORDINGS ................................................................................................................................................. 2 THE SPEAKERS ...................................................................................................................................................... 2 KANSAS ....................................................................................................................................................................... 3 MISSOURI .................................................................................................................................................................... 4 THE QUESTIONNAIRES ......................................................................................................................................... 5 WENKER SENTENCES ..................................................................................................................................................... 5 KU QUESTIONNAIRE ..................................................................................................................................................... 6 REFERENCE MAPS FOR LOCATING POTENTIAL SPEAKERS ..................................................................................... -
The Politics and Ideologies of Pluricentric German in L2 Teaching
Julia Ruck Webster Vienna Private University THE POLITICS AND IDEOLOGIES OF PLURICENTRIC GERMAN IN L2 TEACHING Abstract: Despite a history of rigorous linguistic research on the regional variation of German as well as professional initiatives to promote German, Austrian, and Swiss Standard German as equal varieties, there is still a lack of awareness and systematic incorporation of regional varieties in L2 German teaching. This essay follows two goals: First, it reviews the development of the pluricentric approach in the discourse on L2 German teaching as well as the political and ideological preconditions that form the backdrop of this discussion. Particular emphasis will be given to institutional tri-national collaborations and the standard language ideology. Second, by drawing on sociolinguistic insights on the use and speaker attitudes of (non-)standard varieties, this contribution argues that the pluricentric focus on national standard varieties in L2 German teaching falls short in capturing the complex socioculturally situated practices of language use in both (often dialectally-oriented) everyday and (often standard-oriented) formal and official domains of language use. I argue that the pluricentric approach forms an important step in overcoming the monocentric bias of one correct Standard German; however, for an approach to L2 German teaching that aims at representing linguistic and cultural diversity, it is necessary to incorporate both standard and non-standard varieties into L2 German teaching. Keywords: L2 German w language variation w language ideologies w language politics Ruck, Julia. “The Politics and Ideologies of Pluricentric German in L2 Teaching.” Critical Multilingualism Studies 8:1 (2020): pp. 17–50. ISSN 2325–2871. -
Global Austria Austria’S Place in Europe and the World
Global Austria Austria’s Place in Europe and the World Günter Bischof, Fritz Plasser (Eds.) Anton Pelinka, Alexander Smith, Guest Editors CONTEMPORARY AUSTRIAN STUDIES | Volume 20 innsbruck university press Copyright ©2011 by University of New Orleans Press, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA. All rights reserved under International and Pan-American Copyright Conventions. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without prior permission in writing from the publisher. All inquiries should be addressed to UNO Press, University of New Orleans, ED 210, 2000 Lakeshore Drive, New Orleans, LA, 70119, USA. www.unopress.org. Book design: Lindsay Maples Cover cartoon by Ironimus (1992) provided by the archives of Die Presse in Vienna and permission to publish granted by Gustav Peichl. Published in North America by Published in Europe by University of New Orleans Press Innsbruck University Press ISBN 978-1-60801-062-2 ISBN 978-3-9028112-0-2 Contemporary Austrian Studies Sponsored by the University of New Orleans and Universität Innsbruck Editors Günter Bischof, CenterAustria, University of New Orleans Fritz Plasser, Universität Innsbruck Production Editor Copy Editor Bill Lavender Lindsay Maples University of New Orleans University of New Orleans Executive Editors Klaus Frantz, Universität Innsbruck Susan Krantz, University of New Orleans Advisory Board Siegfried Beer Helmut Konrad Universität Graz Universität -
Hunsrik-Xraywe.!A!New!Way!In!Lexicography!Of!The!German! Language!Island!In!Southern!Brazil!
Dialectologia.!Special-issue,-IV-(2013),!147+180.!! ISSN:!2013+2247! Received!4!June!2013.! Accepted!30!August!2013.! ! ! ! ! HUNSRIK-XRAYWE.!A!NEW!WAY!IN!LEXICOGRAPHY!OF!THE!GERMAN! LANGUAGE!ISLAND!IN!SOUTHERN!BRAZIL! Mateusz$MASELKO$ Austrian$Academy$of$Sciences,$Institute$of$Corpus$Linguistics$and$Text$Technology$ (ICLTT),$Research$Group$DINAMLEX$(Vienna,$Austria)$ [email protected]$ $ $ Abstract$$ Written$approaches$for$orally$traded$dialects$can$always$be$seen$controversial.$One$could$say$ that$there$are$as$many$forms$of$writing$a$dialect$as$there$are$speakers$of$that$dialect.$This$is$not$only$ true$ for$ the$ different$ dialectal$ varieties$ of$ German$ that$ exist$ in$ Europe,$ but$ also$ in$ dialect$ language$ islands$ on$ other$ continents$ such$ as$ the$ Riograndese$ Hunsrik$ in$ Brazil.$ For$ the$ standardization$ of$ a$ language$ variety$ there$ must$ be$ some$ determined,$ general$ norms$ regarding$ orthography$ and$ graphemics.!Equipe!Hunsrik$works$on$the$standardization,$expansion,$and$dissemination$of$the$German$ dialect$ variety$ spoken$ in$ Rio$ Grande$ do$ Sul$ (South$ Brazil).$ The$ main$ concerns$ of$ the$ project$ are$ the$ insertion$of$Riograndese$Hunsrik$as$official$community$language$of$Rio$Grande$do$Sul$that$is$also$taught$ at$school.$Therefore,$the$project$team$from$Santa$Maria$do$Herval$developed$a$writing$approach$that$is$ based$on$the$Portuguese$grapheme$inventory.$It$is$used$in$the$picture$dictionary! Meine!ëyerste!100! Hunsrik! wërter$ (2010).$ This$ article$ discusses$ the$ picture$ dictionary$