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A B 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21
A B 1 Name of Satellite, Alternate Names Country of Operator/Owner 2 AcrimSat (Active Cavity Radiometer Irradiance Monitor) USA 3 Afristar USA 4 Agila 2 (Mabuhay 1) Philippines 5 Akebono (EXOS-D) Japan 6 ALOS (Advanced Land Observing Satellite; Daichi) Japan 7 Alsat-1 Algeria 8 Amazonas Brazil 9 AMC-1 (Americom 1, GE-1) USA 10 AMC-10 (Americom-10, GE 10) USA 11 AMC-11 (Americom-11, GE 11) USA 12 AMC-12 (Americom 12, Worldsat 2) USA 13 AMC-15 (Americom-15) USA 14 AMC-16 (Americom-16) USA 15 AMC-18 (Americom 18) USA 16 AMC-2 (Americom 2, GE-2) USA 17 AMC-23 (Worldsat 3) USA 18 AMC-3 (Americom 3, GE-3) USA 19 AMC-4 (Americom-4, GE-4) USA 20 AMC-5 (Americom-5, GE-5) USA 21 AMC-6 (Americom-6, GE-6) USA 22 AMC-7 (Americom-7, GE-7) USA 23 AMC-8 (Americom-8, GE-8, Aurora 3) USA 24 AMC-9 (Americom 9) USA 25 Amos 1 Israel 26 Amos 2 Israel 27 Amsat-Echo (Oscar 51, AO-51) USA 28 Amsat-Oscar 7 (AO-7) USA 29 Anik F1 Canada 30 Anik F1R Canada 31 Anik F2 Canada 32 Apstar 1 China (PR) 33 Apstar 1A (Apstar 3) China (PR) 34 Apstar 2R (Telstar 10) China (PR) 35 Apstar 6 China (PR) C D 1 Operator/Owner Users 2 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Jet Propulsion Laboratory Government 3 WorldSpace Corp. Commercial 4 Mabuhay Philippines Satellite Corp. Commercial 5 Institute of Space and Aeronautical Science, University of Tokyo Civilian Research 6 Earth Observation Research and Application Center/JAXA Japan 7 Centre National des Techniques Spatiales (CNTS) Government 8 Hispamar (subsidiary of Hispasat - Spain) Commercial 9 SES Americom (SES Global) Commercial -
Spies and Shuttles
Spies and Shuttles University Press of Florida Florida A&M University, Tallahassee Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton Florida Gulf Coast University, Ft. Myers Florida International University, Miami Florida State University, Tallahassee New College of Florida, Sarasota University of Central Florida, Orlando University of Florida, Gainesville University of North Florida, Jacksonville University of South Florida, Tampa University of West Florida, Pensacola SPIE S AND SHUTTLE S NASA’s Secret Relationships with the DoD and CIA James E. David Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum, Washington, D.C., in association with University Press of Florida Gainesville · Tallahassee · Tampa · Boca Raton Pensacola · Orlando · Miami · Jacksonville · Ft. Myers · Sarasota Copyright 2015 by Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America on acid-free paper All photographs courtesy of the Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum. This book may be available in an electronic edition. 20 19 18 17 16 15 6 5 4 3 2 1 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data David, James E., 1951– author. Spies and shuttles : NASA’s secret relationships with the DOD and CIA / James David. pages cm Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-8130-4999-1 (cloth) ISBN 978-0-8130-5500-8 (ebook) 1. Astronautics—United States —History. 2. Astronautics, Military—Government policy—United States. 3. United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration—History. 4. United States. Department of Defense—History. -
Current Notes
Current Notes Space Shuttle Special July 2011 Manchester Astronomical Society Page 1 Manchester Astronomical Society Page 2 Contents History Page 1 The Space Shuttle Atlantis/Carrier (Photo) Page 3 Space Shuttle Orbiter Page 4 Shuttle Orbiter Specifications Page 6 Shuttle Orbiter Cut-away (Diagram) Page 7 Shuttle-Mir Program Page 8 Hubble Servicing Mission 4 Page 10 Shuttle All Glass Cockpit Page 11 Shuttle Mission List Page 13 STS-135 Mission Reports Page 18 Shuttle Disasters Page 32 Mission Patches Page 34 The Future ? Page 36 If you wish to contribute to the next edition of current notes please send your article(s) to [email protected] Manchester Astronomical Society Page 3 Introduction Welcome to the special edition of Current Notes. This Edition has been compiled to celebrate 30years of Space Shuttle missions and to coincide with the last mission. NASA's greatest achievement was the creation of a reusable spacecraft. The Apollo spacecraft cost an astronomical sum to produce and were single-use only. The heat from Earth's atmosphere essentially disintegrated the shielding used to protect the spacecraft. The spacecraft also landed in the ocean, and the impact and sea water damaged the equipment. To remedy this, NASA built a spacecraft that had two rocket launchers attached to an external fuel tank and an orbiter module. They coated the spacecraft with protective heat-resistant ceramic tiles and changed the landing design to a glider-style. It took nine years of preparation, from 1972 to 1981, before the first mission. I would like to thank NASA/JPL and ESA for the information that has been compiled in this special edition. -
Space Security Index 2013
SPACE SECURITY INDEX 2013 www.spacesecurity.org 10th Edition SPACE SECURITY INDEX 2013 SPACESECURITY.ORG iii Library and Archives Canada Cataloguing in Publications Data Space Security Index 2013 ISBN: 978-1-927802-05-2 FOR PDF version use this © 2013 SPACESECURITY.ORG ISBN: 978-1-927802-05-2 Edited by Cesar Jaramillo Design and layout by Creative Services, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada Cover image: Soyuz TMA-07M Spacecraft ISS034-E-010181 (21 Dec. 2012) As the International Space Station and Soyuz TMA-07M spacecraft were making their relative approaches on Dec. 21, one of the Expedition 34 crew members on the orbital outpost captured this photo of the Soyuz. Credit: NASA. Printed in Canada Printer: Pandora Print Shop, Kitchener, Ontario First published October 2013 Please direct enquiries to: Cesar Jaramillo Project Ploughshares 57 Erb Street West Waterloo, Ontario N2L 6C2 Canada Telephone: 519-888-6541, ext. 7708 Fax: 519-888-0018 Email: [email protected] Governance Group Julie Crôteau Foreign Aairs and International Trade Canada Peter Hays Eisenhower Center for Space and Defense Studies Ram Jakhu Institute of Air and Space Law, McGill University Ajey Lele Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses Paul Meyer The Simons Foundation John Siebert Project Ploughshares Ray Williamson Secure World Foundation Advisory Board Richard DalBello Intelsat General Corporation Theresa Hitchens United Nations Institute for Disarmament Research John Logsdon The George Washington University Lucy Stojak HEC Montréal Project Manager Cesar Jaramillo Project Ploughshares Table of Contents TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE PAGE 1 Acronyms and Abbreviations PAGE 5 Introduction PAGE 9 Acknowledgements PAGE 10 Executive Summary PAGE 23 Theme 1: Condition of the space environment: This theme examines the security and sustainability of the space environment, with an emphasis on space debris; the potential threats posed by near-Earth objects; the allocation of scarce space resources; and the ability to detect, track, identify, and catalog objects in outer space. -
China Dream, Space Dream: China's Progress in Space Technologies and Implications for the United States
China Dream, Space Dream 中国梦,航天梦China’s Progress in Space Technologies and Implications for the United States A report prepared for the U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission Kevin Pollpeter Eric Anderson Jordan Wilson Fan Yang Acknowledgements: The authors would like to thank Dr. Patrick Besha and Dr. Scott Pace for reviewing a previous draft of this report. They would also like to thank Lynne Bush and Bret Silvis for their master editing skills. Of course, any errors or omissions are the fault of authors. Disclaimer: This research report was prepared at the request of the Commission to support its deliberations. Posting of the report to the Commission's website is intended to promote greater public understanding of the issues addressed by the Commission in its ongoing assessment of U.S.-China economic relations and their implications for U.S. security, as mandated by Public Law 106-398 and Public Law 108-7. However, it does not necessarily imply an endorsement by the Commission or any individual Commissioner of the views or conclusions expressed in this commissioned research report. CONTENTS Acronyms ......................................................................................................................................... i Executive Summary ....................................................................................................................... iii Introduction ................................................................................................................................... 1 -
The Historyof Spaceflight
CHAPTER15 THEHISTORY AND HISTORIOGRAPHYOF NATIONALSECURITY SPACE’ Stephen B. Johnson e intent of this essay is to provide space historians with an overview of Th.the issues and sources of national security space so as to identify those areas that have been underserved. Frequently, ballistic missiles are left out of space history, as they only pass through space instead of remaining in space like satellites. I include ballistic missiles for several reasons, not the least of which is that they pass through space en route to their targets. Space programs originated in the national security (NS) arena, and except for a roughly 15-year period from the early 1960s through the mid-l970s, NS space expenditures in the United States (U.S.), let alone the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR), have equaled or exceeded those of civilian pro- grams. Despite this reality, the public nature of government-dominated civil- ian programs and issues of security classifications have kept NS space out of the limelight. The recent declassification of the early history of the National Reconnaissance Office (NRO) and the demise of the Soviet Union have led to a recent spate of publications that have uncovered much of the “secret history” of the early Cold War. Nonetheless, much of NS space history has received little attention from historians. One feature of military organizations that is of great value for historians is their penchant to document their histories, and space organizations are no exception. Most military organizations have historians assigned to them, with professional historians at many of the positions documenting events as they occur. -
Historical Handbook of NGA Leaders
Contents Introduction . i Leader Biographies . ii Tables National Imagery and Mapping Agency and National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency Directors . 58 National Imagery and Mapping Agency and National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency Deputy Directors . 59 Defense Mapping Agency Directors . 60 Defense Mapping Agency Deputy Directors . 61 Defense Mapping Agency Directors, Management and Technology . 62 National Photographic Interpretation Center Directors . 63 Central Imagery Office Directors . 64 Defense Dissemination Program Office Directors . 65 List of Acronyms . 66 Index . 68 • ii • Introduction Wisdom has it that you cannot tell the players without a program. You now have a program. We designed this Historical Handbook of National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency Leaders as a useful reference work for anyone who needs fundamental information on the leaders of the NGA. We have included those colleagues over the years who directed the National Imagery and Mapping Agency (NIMA) and the component agencies and services that came together to initiate NGA-NIMA history in 1996. The NGA History Program Staff did not celebrate these individuals in this setting, although in reading any of these short biographies you will quickly realize that we have much to celebrate. Rather, this practical book is designed to permit anyone to reach back for leadership information to satisfy any personal or professional requirement from analysis, to heritage, to speechwriting, to retirement ceremonies, to report composition, and on into an endless array of possible tasks that need support in this way. We also intend to use this book to inform the public, especially young people and students, about the nature of the people who brought NGA to its present state of expertise. -
Table of Artificial Satellites Launched in 1978
This electronic version (PDF) was scanned by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) Library & Archives Service from an original paper document in the ITU Library & Archives collections. La présente version électronique (PDF) a été numérisée par le Service de la bibliothèque et des archives de l'Union internationale des télécommunications (UIT) à partir d'un document papier original des collections de ce service. Esta versión electrónica (PDF) ha sido escaneada por el Servicio de Biblioteca y Archivos de la Unión Internacional de Telecomunicaciones (UIT) a partir de un documento impreso original de las colecciones del Servicio de Biblioteca y Archivos de la UIT. (ITU) ﻟﻼﺗﺼﺎﻻﺕ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﻲ ﺍﻻﺗﺤﺎﺩ ﻓﻲ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺤﻔﻮﻇﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻗﺴﻢ ﺃﺟﺮﺍﻩ ﺍﻟﻀﻮﺋﻲ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺴﺢ ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮ ﻧﺘﺎﺝ (PDF) ﺍﻹﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺨﺔ ﻫﺬﻩ .ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺤﻔﻮﻇﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻗﺴﻢ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻮﻓﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻮﺛﺎﺋﻖ ﺿﻤﻦ ﺃﺻﻠﻴﺔ ﻭﺭﻗﻴﺔ ﻭﺛﻴﻘﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻧﻘﻼ ً◌ 此电子版(PDF版本)由国际电信联盟(ITU)图书馆和档案室利用存于该处的纸质文件扫描提供。 Настоящий электронный вариант (PDF) был подготовлен в библиотечно-архивной службе Международного союза электросвязи путем сканирования исходного документа в бумажной форме из библиотечно-архивной службы МСЭ. © International Telecommunication Union Table of artificial satellites launched in 1978 COSMOS-1 012 1978 54A C0SM0S-1064 1978 119A MOLNYA-1 (40 ) 1978 55A A C0SM0S-1013 1978 56A C0SM0S-1065 1978 120A MOLNYA-1 (41) 1978 72 A COSMOS-1066 1 21A MOLNYA-1 (42) 1978 80A AMSAT-OSCAR-8 1978 26B C0SM0S-1014 1978 56B 1978 MOLNYA-3 (9) 1 978 9A ANIK-B1 1978 116A C0SM0S-1015 1978 56 C COSMOS-1067 1978 122A C0SM0S-1016 1978 56D COSMOS-1 068 1978 -
Sf: Su Signature Analysis • Simulated Annealing • Sine Anno • S: Distance
StarBriefs 2001 619 s sf: Su Signature Analysis • Simulated Annealing • Sine Anno • s: Distance. Path • Path Length • Laplace Variable • Single Access. Single Aircraft. Single Aisle. Site Activa Length of Arc. Long-Range Order Parameter. Response tion. Situational Awareness. Sky Atlas. Small Array. Curve • Saint • Satisfactory • Save • School • Scientific Sobolev Approximation • Sociedad Anonima • Sociedade Anonima • Societa Anonima • Societe Anonyme • So • Sculpsit • Sea. Second • Secondary • Section • Sed imentation Coefficient • Segundo • See • Semi • Sensi lar Activity • Solar Array • Source Acquisition • South tivity Curve • Series • Set • Shilling • Siecle • Siege • Africa • South African • South America • South Amer Siehe • Siglo • Sign • Signature • Signed • Silver • Sin ican • South Atlantic • South Australia • South Aus • Sine. Singlet • Singular • Sinister. Sinistra • Sister tralian • Spacecraft Adapter • Special Agent • Spectral • Small • Snow • Society • Soft • Solidus • Solo • Son Albedo • Spectrograph Assembly • Spectrum Analysis • • Southerly • Specific Entropy • Spectral Transmission Spectrum Analyzer • Spin Axis • Splitting Amplifier • • Spherical. Spin Quantum Number. Steamer. Steel Station Address. Station Automatique • Storage Alter • Stem. Stere • Stock. Stoichiometric Oxidant-to-Fuel ation • Storage Area • Store Address • Strongly Agree • Ratio • Strange • Stratus • Strong Absorption • Su • Structural Analyzer • Structured Analysis • Su Alteza • Siidlich • Sun • Sunny • sur • Sustantivo • Symmetrical Subaccount. -
Space Security 2008
SPACESECURITY.ORG SPACE SECURITY 2008 SPACE SECURITY 2008 SPACESECURITY.ORG SPACE 2008SECURITY SPACESECURITY.ORG Library and Archives Canada Cataloguing in Publications Data Space Security 2008 ISBN: 978-1-895722-70-3 © 2008 SPACESECURITY.ORG Design and layout by Graphics, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada Cover image: European Space Agency. Debris objects in Low Earth Orbit (LEO); view over the North Pole. Printed in Canada First published August 2008 Please direct inquiries to: Project Ploughshares 57 Erb Street West Waterlo, Ontario Canada N2L 6C2 Telephone: 519-888-6541 Fax: 519-888-0018 Email: [email protected] Governance Group Jessica West Managing Editor, Project Ploughshares Dr. Wade Huntley Simons Centre for Disarmament and Non-proliferation Research University of British Columbia Dr. Ram Jakhu Institute of Air and Space Law, McGill University Dr. William Marshall NASA-Ames Research Center/Space Generation Foundation Andrew Shore Department of Foreign Affairs and International Trade Canada John Siebert Project Ploughshares Dr. Ray Williamson Secure World Foundation Advisory Board Amb. Thomas Graham Jr. (Chairman of the Board), Special Assistant to the President for Arms Control, Nonproliferation and Disarmament (ret.) Hon. Philip E. Coyle III Center for Defense Information Richard DalBello Intelsat General Corporation Theresa Hitchens Center for Defense Information Dr. John Logsdon Charles A. Lindbergh Chair in Aerospace History National Air and Space Museum Dr. Lucy Stojak M.L. Stojak Consultants/International Space University Dr. S. Pete Worden Brigadier General USAF (ret.) TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE 1 Acronyms PAGE 5 Introduction PAGE 7 Acknowledgements PAGE 9 Executive Summary PAGE 25 Chapter 1 – The Space Environment: this indicator examines the security and sustainability of the space environment with an emphasis on space debris, space situational awareness, and space resource issues. -
Rebuilding America's Military
SPECIAL REPORT NO. 245 | APRIL 27, 2021 Rebuilding America’s Military: The United States Space Force John Venable Rebuilding America’s Military: The United States Space Force John Venable SPECIAL REPORT No. 245 | APRIL 27, 2021 CENTER FOR NATIONAL DEFENSE II REBUILDING AMERICA’S MILITARY: THE UNITED STATES SPACE FORCE About the Author John Venable is Senior Research Fellow for Defense Policy in the Center for National Defense, of the Kathryn and Shelby Cullom Davis Institute for National Security and Foreign Policy, at The Heritage Foundation. The Rebuilding America’s Military Project This Special Report is the sixth in a series from the Rebuilding America’s Military Project of The Heritage Foundation’s Center for National Defense, which addresses the U.S. military’s efforts to prepare for future challenges and rebuild a military depleted after years of conflict in the Middle East and ill-advised reductions in both funding and end strength. The first paper in this series (Dakota L. Wood, “Rebuilding America’s Military: Thinking About the Future,” Heritage Foundation Special Report No. 203, July 24, 2018) provides a framework for understanding how we should think about the future and principles for future planning. The second (Dakota L. Wood, “Rebuilding America’s Military: The United States Marine Corps,” Heritage Foundation Special Report No. 211, March 21, 2019) discusses the current status of the U.S. Marine Corps and provides prescriptions for returning the Corps to its focus as a powerful and val- ue-added element of U.S. naval power. The third (Thomas W. Spoehr, “Rebuilding America’s Military: The United States Army,” Heritage Foundation Special Report No. -
Aeronautics a the Present Space*P
Space Aeronautics a *P the Present Aeronautics and Space Report of the President 1982 Activities National Aeronautics and Space Administration Washington, D.C. 20546 Contents Page Page Summary . 1 Environmental Protection Agency . 71 Communications . 2 National Science Foundation 72 Earth's Resources and Environment 3 Astronomy . 72 Space Science . ... 3 Atmospheric Sciences . 72 Space Transportation ... 5 Smithsonian Institution 75 Aeronautics ... 5 Space Sciences . 75 Space Energy . 7 Planetary Science . 76 National Aeronautics and Space History of Space Science ... 76 Administration . 9 Department of State 77 Applications to the Earth ... 9 Activities within the United Nations . 77 Science 12 Communications Satellites . 78 Space Transportation . 15 Space Research and Technology 19 Arms Control and Disarmament Agency 79 Space Tracking and Data Systems . 21 Space Policy . 79 Aeronautical Research and Technology 22 Multilateral Discussions on Space Arms Department of Defense • 27 Control . 79 Space Activities 27 UNISPACE'82 . 79 Aeronautical Activities . 31 Space Conference . 79 Space and Aeronautical Support . 37 United States Information Agency 81 Cooperation with NASA . 39 Space Shuttle 81 Department of Commerce . 41 UNISPACE '82 81 Space Systems . 41 Other Programs 82 Other Uses of Satellites . 47 Space Support Activities . 49 Space and Atmospheric Research 50 Appendixes Aeronautical Programs 52 Department of Energy 53 A-l U S Spacecraft Record 83 Space Applications of Nuclear Power 53 A-2 World Record of Space Launches Nuclear Waste Disposal . 54 Successful in Attaining Earth Oibit or Remote Sensing of the Earth 54 Beyond . 83 Nuclear Test Detection ... 54 A-3 Successful U S Launchmgs-1982 84 Department of the Interior . 55 B-l US -Launched Applications Satellites, Earth Resources Observation Systems 1977-1982 88 Office 55 B-2 U S -Launched Scientific Satellites, Monitoring the Environment 56 1977-1982 89 Geology .