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RIO DE JANEIRO An integrated agenda & approach THIS ‘CLEAN URBAN DELTA’ INITIATIVE RIO DE JANEIRO IS DEVELOPED WITHIN A CONSORTIUM OF DUTCH COMPANIES, KNOWLEDGE INSTITUTES, NGOS AND GOVERNMENTAL AGENCIES. THE PROJECT PROPOSALS PRESENTED HEREAFTER ARE THE START OF A VISIONARY, CREATIVE, INNOVATIVE AND SUSTAINABLE PATH TOWARDS INCLUSIVE GREEN GROWTH. THIS PUBLICATION MAY BE QUOTED OR REPRODUCED ONLY IF THIS PUBLICATION IS QUOTED AS ‘CLEAN URBAN DELTA’ INITIATIVE’ RIO DE JANEIRO, JUNE 2015. Copyright© June 2015 Authored Arnoud Passenier (Ministry I&M) and Yvon Wolthuis (ISI) Edited Henny de Jong (Ministry I&M) Design Wildgroeiers.com Photography Juliette Schraauwers, Nadine van den Berg, Yvon Wolthuis Contributors Annex 1 at page 45 Printed Zwaan Printmedia Download digital pdf www.kunststofkringloop.nl/english Program Proposal 2. CONTENT AN INTEGRATED AGENDA & APPROACH 4 CLEAN UP 98 The future we want starts now... 6 7. Catch systems 100 Fact finding mission 10 8. Plastic Fisher 112 General approach 12 9. Floating waste collection vessels 120 The olympics can deliver the long-term legacy 15 WASTE WATER 126 INNOVATIONS IN GOVERNANCE 16 10. Restoration of Lagoa Rodrigo de Freitas 128 11. Pilot agua carioca water system 146 TECHNICAL SOLUTIONS 20 12. Tijuca Rio Carioca project 158 13. Waste water treatment plant FINANCIAL ARRANGEMENTS 32 Marina da Gloria 168 14. The natural way of cleaning waste water 174 THE NEXT STEP 42 Annex I 45 SOLID WASTE 178 Annex II 46 15. Biowaste from compost to biorefinery 180 16. Increasing recycling rates of GOVERNANCE PROJECTS 48 the informal sector 186 2. Keep Guanabara urban delta clean 50 17. Pharmafilter 196 18. Maré maker hub 204 AWARENESS & EDUCATION 58 19. Increasing plastics recycling options 224 3. Education tools 60 20. Net-works 232 4. Educational and monitoring support 68 MONITORING & EVALUATION 76 5. Clean bay support services 78 6. Water observer 86 Clean Urban Delta Initiative Rio de Janeiro 3. 4. AN INTEGRATED AGENDA & APPROACH Program Proposal Clean Urban Delta Initiative Rio de Janeiro 5. ‘The future we want’ starts right here, in the urban delta of Rio de Janeiro State, where the Cariocas, jointly with NOTHING sportsmen and tourists from all over the world, will love to stay and swim, row, surf and sail in a clean Guanabara IS IMPOSSIBLE Bay and clean Lagoa Rodrigo de Freitas. ‘The future we want’ is based on the characteristics of a circular economy, in which waste is a valuable resource, THE FUTURE WE in which collecting, sorting and recycling of disposed products and materials is a normality and products are designed and produced already anticipating the reuse of WANT STARTS the product and materials once the product is disposed of. It is normal when products are turned into new raw materials or other products of the highest possible quality. RIGHT NOW... Different types of innovations are used to ‘close the loop’, thereby preventing ‘leakage’ from the material cycles as far as possible. This way we can achieve a ‘Clean Urban Delta’. ‘The future we want’ carries the perspective that the lo- cal community will prosper more than in the past and that more business and additional labor opportunities are created as a result of treating waste as a valuable re- source. The global market for green goods and services can grow, offering Brazil economic, social and ecological benefit and job creation. Thus, a true circular economy is the answer to a number of sustainability challenges, with which the State of Rio de Janeiro is confronted at this moment. Program Proposal 6. Clean Urban Delta Initiative Rio de Janeiro 7. The transition to a long term cleaner environment is based on the notion that both the prevention of the waste stream and waste itself constitute a value. Preven- tion of waste streams represents societal value since it will enable cleaner and healthier environments, stimulating on the one hand the positive image of the Rio de Janeiro area and creating a more healthy and ambitious environ- ment for local communities on the other hand. Waste itself may - when collected, sorted and processed properly - also constitute a value in itself when recycled and turned into new resources for industry. Such value may be used for the construction of viable business cases, creating valuable jobs. The value of waste (preven- tion) may also be used to stimulate and incentivize local communities to be engaged in the process of creating a cleaner environment. Creating value from a systemic approach towards waste prevention is the start of a true circular economy. This will sustain economic growth, enabled through the mini- mization of value destruction of our material flows and by WASTE TO RESOURCE reduction of our global material footprint, facilitating the maximization of value and job creation. Program Proposal 8. ECONOMY WITH LINEAR ECONOMY FEEDBACK LOOPS CIRCULAR ECONOMY Clean Urban Delta Initiative Rio de Janeiro 9. During 10-12 March 2015 a delegation of more than 20 specialists from The Netherlands visited Rio de Janeiro, to FACT explore what the needs of the Government of the Rio de Janeiro State, the companies and other organisations in- FINDING volved might be and what options might be conceived to initiate concrete, problem-solving projects. MISSION The discussions touched upon the integral approach pro- posed by the Dutch mission, highlighting technical solutions, governance issues and financial arrangements. These discus- MARCH sions took place in close collaboration with representatives of the World Bank, the Inter-American Development Bank and 2015 the Dutch Development Bank, FMO. It was recognized that the municipalities of Rio de Janeiro and Niteroí have organized their waste collection well, imple- menting the Brazilian Waste Law, although (of course) more can be done. The Guanabara Bay is a problematic area be- cause the bay has a low influx of fresh (sometimes polluted) water, whilst quite some sewage pipes around the Bay re- lease untreated sewage, like in the Marina da Glória. Some areas, such as the section under the bridge between the Ilha do Governador and the mainland, have a relatively limited tidal influence, allowing the accumulation of (polluted) sedi- ments, resulting in i.e. odor issues. The Lagoa Rodrigo de Fre- itas, where during the Olympics the rowing championships will be held, is confronted with several environmental issues, such as water plants, algae, fish deaths and liquid and solid waste runoff. Program Proposal 10. Clean Urban Delta Initiative Rio de Janeiro 11. GENERAL APPROACH SYSTEMIC TRANSITIONS WITH 3 PILLARS TO MEET 3 CHALLENGES We truly believe that a lasting solution – that also engages the The Netherlands ‘Clean Urban Delta’ consortium has been more urgent short term issues - rests on three pillars: formed to assist in tackling the defined main challenges. It is not just the technological know-how that qualifies this consortium, • Innovation in governance and community but the track record in integral transdisciplinary projects and in mobilization pursuing complex multi-leveled stakeholder goals in co-creation • Technological innovations with the end users. • Finance and business models The consortium has the knowledge, the experience and the sus- These three pillars and more specifically the joint development tainable innovations portfolio needed to create structural solutions of these pillars is instrumental to tackle the three challenges we together with Brazilian counterparts. The companies, knowledge in- identified: stitutes, NGOs and governmental bodies involved, have their own interest to valorize their sustainable innovations, which is also the • Cleanup the Guanabara Bay and Lagoa Rodrigo de Freitas opportunity for the companies in Brazil. They also realize themselves • Waste water to resources that close cooperation between such different organisations is • Solid waste to resources instrumental in reaching long term success. It is essential that Brazilian partners join forces as well and liaise with Dutch firms The Dutch consortium gathered under the ‘Clean Urban Delta’ and institutes. Brazilian partners will have to implement the long- initiative presents a balanced systemic and comprehensive ap- term strategies themselves. Together, Brazilian and international proach, that represents these three pillars, the three challenges stakeholders should formulate strategies for the long term that will and addresses both longer term transitions and short term actions. materialize through concrete plans for the middle and short term. Program Proposal 12. Of course this endeavor can only bear fruit goals. The government will show that it in intense cooperation with the State of partners with the people, businesses and Rio de Janeiro and its municipalities. The knowledge institutes to invest in the same agenda of proposed measures builds on, goals. The government is the facilitator of adds to and reinforces the major interven- the processes without taking over respon- tion programs, which already are in place. sibilities. These steps fit in the overall Bra- If all stakeholders share the same ambition, zilian ambitions, recently launched within the ‘Clean Urban Delta’ program will be de- the National Action Plan on Sustainable veloped further in close collaboration and Production and Consumption to engage in co-creation between the State of Rio de the new perspective. Janeiro and the municipalities of the Gua- nabara Bay basin and local/regional com- The sections in this document provide panies, knowledge institutes, together with an overview of proposed measures. A the Dutch partners. more comprehensive description of the proposed ideas and interventions can be The approach we propose is one of steady found in separate projects. and clear but gradual transition. Let us start small and keep projects simple and focus on delivering results. The results of a single Cleanup the Guanabara Bay and Lagoa project will improve the results of the other Rodrigo de Freitas proposed measures; implementing the full chain of sustainable actions will deliver optimal results. The local community and Waste water to resources stakeholders have to experience the pos- itive change in their own community.
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