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Universidade Estadual De Campinas Instituto De Estudos Da Linguagem UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE CAMPINAS INSTITUTO DE ESTUDOS DA LINGUAGEM JACQUELIN DEL CARMEN CEBALLOS GALVIS RETORNO SEM RETORNO ÀS CIDADES DA MORTE CAMPINAS 2020 JACQUELIN DEL CARMEN CEBALLOS GALVIS RETORNO SEM RETORNO ÀS CIDADES DA MORTE Tese de doutorado apresentada ao Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem da Universidade Estadual de Campinas como parte dos requisitos exigidos para obtenção do título de Doutora em Teoria e História Literária na área de Teoria e Crítica Literária. Orientador: Prof. Dr. Márcio Orlando Seligmann-Silva Este exemplar corresponde à versão final da Tese defendida por Jacquelin Del Carmen Ceballos Galvis e orientada pelo Prof. Dr. Márcio Orlando Seligmann- Silva. CAMPINAS 2020 Ficha catalográfica Universidade Estadual de Campinas Biblioteca do Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem Leandro dos Santos Nascimento - CRB 8/8343 Ceballos Galvis, Jacquelin Del carmen, 1978- C321r CebRetorno sem retorno às cidades da morte / Jacquelin Del carmen Ceballos Galvis. – Campinas, SP : [s.n.], 2020. CebOrientador: Márcio Orlando Seligmann-Silva. CebTese (doutorado) – Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem. Ceb1. Kulka, Otto Dov, 1933-. Paisagens da metrópole da morte : reflexões sobre a memória e a imaginação. 2. Testemunho. 3. Memória. 4. Luto. I. Seligmann-Silva, Márcio Orlando.. II. Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem. III. Título. Informações para Biblioteca Digital Título em outro idioma: Retorno sin retorno a las ciudades de la muerte Palavras-chave em inglês: Kulka, Otto Dov, 1933-. Paisagens da metrópole da morte : reflexões sobre a memória e a imaginação Testimony Memory Bereavement Área de concentração: Teoria e Crítica Literária Titulação: Doutora em Teoria e História Literária Banca examinadora: Márcio Orlando Seligmann-Silva Flavia Albergaria Raveli Ricardo Timm de Souza Jacques Fux Carolina Sieja Bertin Data de defesa: 24-11-2020 Programa de Pós-Graduação: Teoria e História Literária Identificação e informações acadêmicas do(a) aluno(a) - ORCID do autor: orcid.org/0000000231591697 - Currículo Lattes do autor: http://lattes.cnpq.br/1182798004533807 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org) BANCA EXAMINADORA: Márcio Orlando Seligmann Silva Flavia Albergaria Raveli Ricardo Timm de Souza Jacques Fux Carolina Sieja Bertin IEL/UNICAMP 2020 Ata da defesa, assinada pelos membros da Comissão Examinadora, consta no SIGA/Sistema de Fluxo de Dissertação/Tese e na Secretaria de Pós Graduação do IEL. Dedico este trabalho à minha Mãe Maria (in memoriam). De coração a coração. AGRADECIMENTOS Mamá, In memoriam. Muito obrigada pela vida e pelo dom do amor infinito que me inspira e me abraça sempre. Te amo, e carrego no meu coração. Sarita, filha amada, meu rainho de luz. O fulgor do teu olhar alenta minha vida. Jonathan, obrigada pelo cuidado e pela companhia do coração. Leticia, obrigada pela hospitalidade e pelos conselhos sempre. Lety e Clodo, gratidão pelo apoio incondicional durante minha permanência no Brasil. Luis, José, Joan, Mario, Iván, grata pelas mensagens de apoio e carinho na distância. Márcio, meu caro orientador. Obrigada pelo abraço acolhedor sempre carinhoso, pelo apoio, pela hospitalidade, pela amizade e confiança. Gratidão imensa pelo engajamento e a resistência. Flávia, grata por ter feito uma leitura cuidadosa do meu trabalho, pelas palavras carinhosas e pelas valiosas sugestões por ocasião do exame de qualificação. Professora Lisley, obrigada pelas sugestões na qualificação. Professor Ricardo Timm de Souza, agradeço muito pelo carinho e pela hospitalidade. Javi, obrigada pelas risadas. Marie-Lou, grata pelas aulas de francês. Elvis, obrigada pela ajuda nas mudanças em Campinas. Liniane, obrigada pela interlocução e pela hospitalidade nas minhas jornadas em São Paulo. Lanousse, meu caro amigo, grata pela ajuda e pelas palavras de carinho. Luna, obrigada pela amizade imemorial. Mile, gratidão imensa pela amizade e pelo afeto. Dheyne, obrigada pelo trabalho de revisão. Caros professores e colegas do IEL, agradeço por acompanharem meu percurso na Unicamp. Ao pessoal da biblioteca Antônio Candido, do IEL, e da Otavio Ianni, do IFCH, obrigada pela disposição. Aos funcionários da Secretaria da Pós-Graduação do IEL, pela disposição e gentileza. Obrigada. O presente trabalho foi realizado com apoio da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior -Brasil (CAPES) - Código de Financiamento 001 RESUMO Este trabalho apresenta uma interpretação do relato testemunhal de Otto Dov Kulka, Paisagens da Metrópole da Morte: reflexões sobre a memória e a imaginação, no intuito de encarar diversas aporias e tensões do testemunho como experiência-limite. Também possibilita pensar na dimensão do trauma histórico e, de certa forma, questionar o estatuto do real e de suas representações ineludíveis dos tremores do trauma, do que flui desses lugares de memória difícil, das vozes, das escritas, das imagens e dos passos errantes que se aventuram solicitados irremediavelmente, espectralizados pelas ruínas. Dessa forma, o percurso da pesquisa expõe uma experiência no abissal processo de escrita, apoiando-se em elementos que comparecem na interpretação, como a tentativa de elaboração do luto pela morte da mãe, a poética das ruínas, a condição da infância no campo de concentração, a inquietude das imagens, o diálogo com a historiografia, com a psicanálise e com a memória. Esses elementos são inscritos na espectralidade errante do testemunho poético, literário e imagístico, pelo trabalho com as imagens e as palavras vindas da noite incisada no corpo das lembranças da infância que se relacionam na afinidade e no estranhamento com o testemunho de outros sobreviventes marcados pela lei da Metrópole da Morte nas suas tentativas de portar o mundo que se foi. Assim, a ética da memória alenta o testemunho de Kulka e abre a história para a sensibilidade e a empatia diante das crianças vulneradas da guerra. Nesse sentido, a exposição da pele ferida do outro e o rastro da experiência vivida nos campos interpelam-nos para manter a abertura com o imprevisível porvir e para inventar formas de resistência e de intervenção criativa. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Testemunho. Memória. Literatura. Luto. Metropole da Morte. ABSTRACT This work presents em interpretation of Otto Dov Kulka’s testimonial narrative, Landscapes of the metropolis of death: reflections on memory and imagination, with the purpose of facing the aporias and tensions of testimony as a limit experience. It also allows us to think about the 5esistência5 the historical trauma and, in a way, to question the status of reality and its inescapable representations of the tremors of trauma, of what flows from these places of difficult memory, of voices, writings, images and errant steps that venture spectralized through the ruins. In this way, the research exposes em experience of the writing process, based on some elements that appear in the interpretation, among them the elaboration of mourning for the death of the mother, the poetics of the ruins, the condition of childhood in the concentration camp, the restlessness of images, dialogue with historiography, with psychoanalysis and with memory. Those elements inscribed in the wandering spectrality of the poetic, literary and imagistic testimony, by working with the images and words that come from the night inserted in the body of the lembrancies of childhood that are related in the affinity and in the estrangement with the testimony of other survivors marked by the law of the Metropolis of Death in their attempts to carry the world that left. Thus, the ethics of memory encourages Kulka’s testimony and opens the story for the creation of empathic devices towards children who have been harmed by the war. In this sense, the exposure of the wounded skin of the other and the trace of the experience lived in the fields challenges us to keep open with the unpredictable future and to resistê forms of resistance and resistên intervention. KEYWORDS: Testimony, Memory, Literature, Mourning, Metropolis of Death. RESUMEN Este trabajo presenta una interpretación del relato testimonial de Otto Dov Kulka, Paisajes de la metrópoli de la muerte: reflexiones sobre la memoria y la imaginación, con el propósito de encarar las diversas aporias y tensiones del testimonio como experiencia limite. También permite pensar la dimensión del trauma histórico y, de cierto modo, cuestionar el estatus de lo real y sus ineludibles representaciones de los temblores del trauma, de lo que fluye de estos lugares de memoria difícil, de esos escritos, imágenes y pasos errantes que se aventuran espectralizados por las ruinas. De esa forma, el percurso de la investigación expone una experiencia en el abismal processo de escritura, apoyándose en algunos elementos que comparecen en la interpretación, entre ellos, la elaboración del luto por la muerte de la Madre, la poética de las ruinas, la condición de la infância en el campo de concentración, la inquietud de las imágenes, el diálogo con la historiografia, con el psicoanálisis y la memoria. Esos elementos son inscritos en la espectralidad errante del testimonio poético, literário e imagístico, por el trabajo con las imagenes y las palabras venidas de la noche inserida en el cuerpo de los recuerdos de infância que se relacionan de a través de la afinidade y del extrañamiento com el testimonio de otros sobreviventes marcados por la ley de la Metrópoli de la Muerte en el intento de portar el mundo que se fue. Así, la ética da memória alienta el testimonio de Kulka y abre espacios de sensibilidad y empatia frente al dolor de los niños y niñas vulnerados por la guerra. En ese sentido, la exposición de la piel herida del otro y el rastro de la experiencia vivida en los campos de extermínio, nos interpelan a inventar formas de resistencia y de intervención creativa. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Testimonio. Memoria. Literatura. Luto. Metropoli de la Muerte. LISTA DE FIGURAS Figura 1. Elly Kulka, 1939. Coleção Otto Dov Kulka. Fonte: Otto Dov Kulka, em Paisagens da Metrópole da Morte. Figura 2. Maria Galvis (1946-2019). Coleção Jacqueline Ceballos Galvis. Fonte: Arquivo pessoal. Figura 3. Detalhe da ilustacao de William Blake para o livro de Jó: “E o Satã saiu da presença de Iahweh” Jó, 2,7.
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