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With His Knack for Knowing What Stem Cells Want, Yoshiki Sasai Has Grown an Eye and Parts of a Brain in a Dish
THE BRAINMAKER BY DAVID CYRANOSKI With his knack for knowing what stem cells want, Yoshiki Sasai has grown an eye and parts of a brain in a dish. n December 2010, Robin Ali became suddenly coaxing neural stem cells to grow into elaborate structures. excited by the usually mundane task of reviewing As well as the optic cup1, he has cultivated the delicate tissue a scientific paper. “I was running around my room, layers of the cerebral cortex2 and a rudimentary, hormone- I waving the manuscript,” he recalls. The paper making pituitary gland3. He is now well on the way to growing described how a clump of embryonic stem cells had grown a cerebellum4 — the brain structure that coordinates move- into a rounded goblet of retinal tissue. The structure, called ment and balance. “These papers make for the most addictive an optic cup, forms the back of the eye in a growing embryo. series of stem-cell papers in recent years,” says Luc Leyns, a But this one was in a dish, and videos accompanying the paper stem-cell scientist at the Free University of Brussels. showed the structure slowly sprouting and blossoming. For Sasai’s work is more than tissue engineering: it tackles HANS SAUTTER Ali, an ophthalmologist at University College London who questions that have puzzled developmental biologists for has devoted two decades to repairing vision, the implications decades. How do the proliferating stem cells of an embryo were immediate. “It was clear to me it was a landmark paper,” organize themselves seamlessly into the complex structures he says. -
Present Post: Previous Positions Held: Honors/Awards Membership In
CURRICULUM VITAE Name: Vassilis Pachnis, M.D., Ph.D., FMedSci Date of Birth: 24 January 1953 Place of Birth: Athens, Greece Contact details: National Institute for Medical Research Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology The Ridgeway, Mill Hill, Foundation for Research and Technology‐Hellas London NW7 1AA, UK. N. Plastira 100, GR‐70013, Heraklion, Greece tel. (+44) 02088162113 Tel. (+30) 2810391100 email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Education: July 1980 University of Athens Medical School (Athens, Greece) M.D. magna cum laude June 1986 University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA (USA) Degree: Ph.D., Genetics Supervisor: Prof. Shirley Tilghman Nov 1986 – Mar 1988 Howard Hughes Medical Institute Center for Neurobiology and Behavior Columbia University, New York, NY (USA) Postdoctoral Fellow in Prof. Richard Axel's laboratory Apr 1988 – May 1991 Department of Genetics and Development Columbia University, New York, NY (USA) Postdoctoral fellow in Dr. Frank Costantini's laboratory Present Post: ‐ Head of Division of Molecular Neurobiology, National Institute for Medical Research, Medical Research Council (London, UK) ‐ Director of the Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology of the Foundation for Research and Technology‐Hellas (Heraklion, Greece) Previous positions held: May 1991 – Feb 1997 Senior Scientific Staff, Group Leader, MRC National Institute for Medical Research, London (5/91‐2/97) Feb 1997 – Aug 2000 Tenured Senior Scientist, MRC National Institute for Medical Research, London Honors/Awards ‐ Scholarship from the National Scholarship Foundation of Greece for Academic excellence in Medical School ‐ Special Fellowship Award from the Leukemia Society of America (Jul 1989‐May 1991) ‐ Janssen Award for Life Time Achievement in Gastroenterology (2002) Membership in Academies ‐ Elected Fellow of the Academy of Medical Sciences, UK (2000). -
Acid Bath Offers Easy Path to Stem Cells
NEWS IN FOCUS that the pluripotent cells were converted mature cells and not pre-existing pluripotent cells. So she made pluripotent cells by stressing T cells, a type of white blood cell whose maturity is clear from a rearrangement that its genes undergo OBOKATA HARUKO during development. She also caught the con- version of T cells to pluripotent cells on video. Obokata called the phenomenon stimulus- triggered acquisition of pluripotency (STAP). The results could fuel a long-running debate. For years, various groups of scientists have reported finding pluripotent cells in the mam- malian body, such as the multipotent adult pro- genitor cells described4 by Catherine Verfaillie, a molecular biologist then at the University of Minnesota in Minneapolis. But others have had difficulty reproducing such findings. Obokata started the current project in the laboratory of tissue engineer Charles Vacanti at Harvard Uni- versity in Cambridge, Massachusetts, by looking at cells that Vacanti’s group thought to be pluri- potent cells isolated from the body5. But her A mouse embryo injected with cells made pluripotent through stress, tagged with a fluorescent protein. results suggested a different explanation: that pluripotent cells are created when the body’s REGENERATIVE MEDICINE cells endure physical stress. “The generation of these cells is essentially Mother Nature’s way of responding to injury,” says Vacanti, a co-author of the latest papers2,3. Acid bath offers easy One of the most surprising findings is that the STAP cells can also form placental tissue, something that neither iPS cells nor embryonic path to stem cells stem cells can do. -
Calcium Signaling in Synapse-To-Nucleus Communication
Downloaded from http://cshperspectives.cshlp.org/ on October 2, 2021 - Published by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press Calcium Signaling in Synapse-to-Nucleus Communication Anna M. Hagenston and Hilmar Bading CellNetworks—Cluster of Excellence, Department of Neurobiology, and the Interdisciplinary Center for Neurosciences (IZN), University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany Correspondence: [email protected] Changes in the intracellular concentration of calcium ions in neurons are involved in neurite growth, development, and remodeling, regulation of neuronal excitability, increases and decreases in the strength of synaptic connections, and the activation of survival and pro- grammed cell death pathways. An important aspect of the signals that trigger these processes is that they are frequently initiated in the form of glutamatergic neurotransmission within dendritic trees, while their completion involves specific changes in the patterns of genes expressed within neuronal nuclei. Accordingly, two prominent aims of research concerned with calcium signaling in neurons are determination of the mechanisms governing infor- mation conveyance between synapse and nucleus, and discovery of the rules dictating trans- lation of specific patterns of inputs into appropriate and specific transcriptional responses. In this article, we present an overview of the avenues by which glutamatergic excitation of den- drites may be communicated to the neuronal nucleus and the primary calcium-dependent signaling pathways by which synaptic activity can invoke changes in neuronal gene expression programs. he significance of intracellular calcium Mauceri et al. 2011), modulation of dendritic T(Ca2þ) increases for the regulation of gene complexity (Redmond et al. 2002; Mauceri expression in neurons is well established (Bad- et al. -
Female Fellows of the Royal Society
Female Fellows of the Royal Society Professor Jan Anderson FRS [1996] Professor Ruth Lynden-Bell FRS [2006] Professor Judith Armitage FRS [2013] Dr Mary Lyon FRS [1973] Professor Frances Ashcroft FMedSci FRS [1999] Professor Georgina Mace CBE FRS [2002] Professor Gillian Bates FMedSci FRS [2007] Professor Trudy Mackay FRS [2006] Professor Jean Beggs CBE FRS [1998] Professor Enid MacRobbie FRS [1991] Dame Jocelyn Bell Burnell DBE FRS [2003] Dr Philippa Marrack FMedSci FRS [1997] Dame Valerie Beral DBE FMedSci FRS [2006] Professor Dusa McDuff FRS [1994] Dr Mariann Bienz FMedSci FRS [2003] Professor Angela McLean FRS [2009] Professor Elizabeth Blackburn AC FRS [1992] Professor Anne Mills FMedSci FRS [2013] Professor Andrea Brand FMedSci FRS [2010] Professor Brenda Milner CC FRS [1979] Professor Eleanor Burbidge FRS [1964] Dr Anne O'Garra FMedSci FRS [2008] Professor Eleanor Campbell FRS [2010] Dame Bridget Ogilvie AC DBE FMedSci FRS [2003] Professor Doreen Cantrell FMedSci FRS [2011] Baroness Onora O'Neill * CBE FBA FMedSci FRS [2007] Professor Lorna Casselton CBE FRS [1999] Dame Linda Partridge DBE FMedSci FRS [1996] Professor Deborah Charlesworth FRS [2005] Dr Barbara Pearse FRS [1988] Professor Jennifer Clack FRS [2009] Professor Fiona Powrie FRS [2011] Professor Nicola Clayton FRS [2010] Professor Susan Rees FRS [2002] Professor Suzanne Cory AC FRS [1992] Professor Daniela Rhodes FRS [2007] Dame Kay Davies DBE FMedSci FRS [2003] Professor Elizabeth Robertson FRS [2003] Professor Caroline Dean OBE FRS [2004] Dame Carol Robinson DBE FMedSci -
Linking Neurons to Immunity: Lessons from Hydra COMMENTARY Yuuki Obataa and Vassilis Pachnisa,1
COMMENTARY Linking neurons to immunity: Lessons from Hydra COMMENTARY Yuuki Obataa and Vassilis Pachnisa,1 According to the Greek mythology (1), Heracles’ sec- Hydra offers unique advantages to neuroscience re- ond labor was the destruction of the Lernaean Hydra, search as well. Its nervous system is an anatomically a fearsome fire-breathing monster with a dog-like simple network of sensory and ganglion neurons body and nine snake heads. Many had tried to slay that control a range of behaviors, including sponta- the Lernaean Hydra but in vain: Any head that was neous body contractions (5, 6). Remarkably, the an- cut off regrew and multiplied. It is remarkable how atomical organization and functional output of consistent the narrative of this myth is with our recent Hydra’s nervous system are reminiscent of the intrin- understanding of tissue and organ regeneration. Her- sic neural networks of the gastrointestinal tract in acles was successful not only because of his divine vertebrates, known as the enteric nervous system origin (he was the son of Zeus after all) and the help (ENS). The ENS is an assembly of nerve cells within of Athena, but particularly because of the assistance the gut wall, which are organized into the ganglia he received from his nephew Iolaus, who was assigned of the myenteric and submucosal plexus (7) and regu- the job of cauterizing the exposed stumps of the Hy- late most intestinal functions, including coordination of dra’s severed heads. Of course, we now understand smooth muscle contractions, the basis of intestinal why Iolaus’ contribution was so critical: His flame con- peristalsis (8). -
Synuclein in Filamentous Inclusions of Lewy Bodies From
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA Vol. 95, pp. 6469–6473, May 1998 Neurobiology a-Synuclein in filamentous inclusions of Lewy bodies from Parkinson’s disease and dementia with Lewy bodies (ubiquitinysarkosyl-insoluble filamentsyimmunoelectron microscopy) MARIA GRAZIA SPILLANTINI*, R. ANTHONY CROWTHER†,ROSS JAKES†,MASATO HASEGAWA†, AND MICHEL GOEDERT†‡ *Medical Research Council Centre for Brain Repair and Department of Neurology, University of Cambridge, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 2PY, United Kingdom; and †Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 2QH, United Kingdom Communicated by Max F. Perutz, Medical Research Council, Cambridge, United Kingdom, March 25, 1998 (received for review February 18, 1998) ABSTRACT Lewy bodies and Lewy neurites are the de- Lewy neurites constitute an important part of the pathology fining neuropathological characteristics of Parkinson’s dis- of PD and DLB. They correspond to abnormal neurites that ease and dementia with Lewy bodies. They are made of contain filaments similar to those found in Lewy bodies (9). A abnormal filamentous assemblies of unknown composition. number of proteins have been identified immunologically by We show here that Lewy bodies and Lewy neurites from light microscopy in Lewy bodies and Lewy neurites from PD Parkinson’s disease and dementia with Lewy bodies are and DLB, which include neurofilaments and ubiquitin (10–15). stained strongly by antibodies directed against amino- Although these have been useful as markers for diagnostic terminal and -
EMBC Annual Report 2007
EMBO | EMBC annual report 2007 EUROPEAN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY ORGANIZATION | EUROPEAN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY CONFERENCE EMBO | EMBC table of contents introduction preface by Hermann Bujard, EMBO 4 preface by Tim Hunt and Christiane Nüsslein-Volhard, EMBO Council 6 preface by Marja Makarow and Isabella Beretta, EMBC 7 past & present timeline 10 brief history 11 EMBO | EMBC | EMBL aims 12 EMBO actions 2007 15 EMBC actions 2007 17 EMBO & EMBC programmes and activities fellowship programme 20 courses & workshops programme 21 young investigator programme 22 installation grants 23 science & society programme 24 electronic information programme 25 EMBO activities The EMBO Journal 28 EMBO reports 29 Molecular Systems Biology 30 journal subject categories 31 national science reviews 32 women in science 33 gold medal 34 award for communication in the life sciences 35 plenary lectures 36 communications 37 European Life Sciences Forum (ELSF) 38 ➔ 2 table of contents appendix EMBC delegates and advisers 42 EMBC scale of contributions 49 EMBO council members 2007 50 EMBO committee members & auditors 2007 51 EMBO council members 2008 52 EMBO committee members & auditors 2008 53 EMBO members elected in 2007 54 advisory editorial boards & senior editors 2007 64 long-term fellowship awards 2007 66 long-term fellowships: statistics 82 long-term fellowships 2007: geographical distribution 84 short-term fellowship awards 2007 86 short-term fellowships: statistics 104 short-term fellowships 2007: geographical distribution 106 young investigators 2007 108 installation -
Curriculum Vitae Kenji Mizuseki, M.D., Ph.D
Curriculum Vitae Kenji Mizuseki, M.D., Ph.D. Personal Information Office address Allen Institute for Brain Science 551 N 34th Street, Seattle, WA 98103, U.S.A. Office phone 1-206-548-8417 Cell phone 1-973-202-4325 E-mail [email protected] [email protected] Web http://www.alleninstitute.org/our-institute/our-team/profiles/kenji-mizuseki Research Experience Senior Scientist, September 2012 – present Allen Institute for Brain Science, WA, U.S.A Research Assistant Professor, March 2012 – August 2012 Neuroscience Institute, New York University, NY, U.S.A. Advisor: Prof. György Buzsáki Research Assistant Professor, March 2009 – March 2012 Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Rutgers University, NJ, U.S.A. Advisor: Prof. György Buzsáki Post-doctoral Fellow, April 2004 – March 2009 Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Rutgers University, NJ, U.S.A. Advisor: Prof. György Buzsáki Staff Research Scientist, March 2002 – March 2004 Center for Developmental Biology, RIKEN, Kobe, Japan Advisor: late Dr. Yoshiki Sasai, Group Leader Research Fellow, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, April 2000 – February 2002 Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan Advisor: late Prof. Yoshiki Sasai Page 1 of 8 Kenji Mizuseki Education Ph.D. in Medicine, March 2000 Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan Advisors: Prof. Shigetada Nakanishi and late Associate Prof. Yoshiki Sasai M.D., March 1996 Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan Publications Diba,K., Amarasingham. A., Mizuseki,K., and Buzsáki, G. (2014). Millisecond timescale synchrony among hippocampal neurons. J. Neurosci. 34, 14984-14994. Schomburg, E.W., Fernández-Ruiz, A., Mizuseki, K., Berényi, A., Anastassiou, C.A., Koch, C., and Buzsáki, G. -
Machine Learning to Predict Impulse Control Disorders in Parkinson's
Machine learning to predict impulse control disorders in Parkinson’s disease Johann Faouzi To cite this version: Johann Faouzi. Machine learning to predict impulse control disorders in Parkinson’s disease. Artificial Intelligence [cs.AI]. Sorbonne Université, 2020. English. NNT : 2020SORUS048. tel-03090079v2 HAL Id: tel-03090079 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-03090079v2 Submitted on 26 Mar 2021 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Abstract MACHINE LEARNING TO PREDICT IMPULSE CONTROL DISORDERS IN PARKINSON’S DISEASE by Johann Faouzi Impulse control disorders are a class of psychiatric disorders characterized by impul- sivity. These disorders are common during the course of Parkinson’s disease, decrease the quality of life of subjects, and increase caregiver burden. Being able to predict which individuals are at higher risk of developing these disorders and when is of high importance. The objective of this thesis is to study impulse control disorders in Parkinson’s disease from the statistical and machine learning points of view, and can be divided into two parts. The first part consists in investigating the predictive performance of the altogether factors associated with these disorders in the literature. -
EMBO Facts & Figures
excellence in life sciences Reykjavik Helsinki Oslo Stockholm Tallinn EMBO facts & figures & EMBO facts Copenhagen Dublin Amsterdam Berlin Warsaw London Brussels Prague Luxembourg Paris Vienna Bratislava Budapest Bern Ljubljana Zagreb Rome Madrid Ankara Lisbon Athens Jerusalem EMBO facts & figures HIGHLIGHTS CONTACT EMBO & EMBC EMBO Long-Term Fellowships Five Advanced Fellows are selected (page ). Long-Term and Short-Term Fellowships are awarded. The Fellows’ EMBO Young Investigators Meeting is held in Heidelberg in June . EMBO Installation Grants New EMBO Members & EMBO elects new members (page ), selects Young EMBO Women in Science Young Investigators Investigators (page ) and eight Installation Grantees Gerlind Wallon EMBO Scientific Publications (page ). Programme Manager Bernd Pulverer S Maria Leptin Deputy Director Head A EMBO Science Policy Issues report on quotas in academia to assure gender balance. R EMBO Director + + A Conducts workshops on emerging biotechnologies and on H T cognitive genomics. Gives invited talks at US National Academy E IC of Sciences, International Summit on Human Genome Editing, I H 5 D MAN 201 O N Washington, DC.; World Congress on Research Integrity, Rio de A M Janeiro; International Scienti c Advisory Board for the Centre for Eilish Craddock IT 2 015 Mammalian Synthetic Biology, Edinburgh. Personal Assistant to EMBO Fellowships EMBO Scientific Publications EMBO Gold Medal Sarah Teichmann and Ido Amit receive the EMBO Gold the EMBO Director David del Álamo Thomas Lemberger Medal (page ). + Programme Manager Deputy Head EMBO Global Activities India and Singapore sign agreements to become EMBC Associate + + Member States. EMBO Courses & Workshops More than , participants from countries attend 6th scienti c events (page ); participants attend EMBO Laboratory Management Courses (page ); rst online course EMBO Courses & Workshops recorded in collaboration with iBiology. -
March 30, 2012, NIH Record, Vol. LXIV, No. 7
MARCH 30, 2012 The Second Best Thing About Payday VOL. LXIV, NO. 7 Brace for More BRAC-Related Commuting Challenges ou may have noticed some roadway changes to support the integration of Wal- ter Reed Army Medical Center with the National Naval Medical Center. Already ABOVE · What is IT? See p. 2 for hints. Y we experience long waits to exit onto Rockville Pike in the evenings and additional congestion in the mornings, adding time and frustration to our daily commute. For features the estimated 18,000 NIH staff who work on the Bethesda campus along with our patients and visitors, it will only get worse before it gets better. 1 Roadway construction to support Base Realignment and Closure (BRAC) for the new NIH Urges Employees to Explore Alternatives to Car Commutes Walter Reed National Military Medical Center started earlier this month. Ex- 3 pect additional delays related to con- Collins To Keynote TEDMED Talks struction of new turn lanes and par- 5 tial widening of Wisconsin Ave., Jones ‘Feedback’ Features Child Care Bridge Rd., and Cedar Ln. Portions of Question Rockville Pike and Connecticut Ave. in 12 Bethesda and North Chevy Chase will NIH’s CFC Success Celebrated see construction work for 3 years. see brac, page 6 One of the busiest intersections in the nation— departments Rockville Pike at Cedar Lane— will get busier. Former NIH Colleagues Kuller Outlines Difficulties in Fighting Briefs 2 Daytons Collaborate on Novel of Iran The Obesity Epidemic Feedback 5 By Rich McManus By Trisha Comsti Digest 9 Dr. Andrew Imbrie Dayton, a senior investi- The rise and spread of obesity in the United Milestones 10 gator at FDA’s Center for Biologics Evaluation States is a serious concern for everyone, young Seen 12 and Research in Bldg.