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The Civilian Youth and Time of Crisis a Field Research in the Sociology of Living in a Various Civilian/Local Society(Mosul City As a Field Study)

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The Civilian Youth and Time of Crisis a Field Research in the Sociology of Living in a Various Civilian/Local Society(Mosul City As a Field Study) JOURNAL OF CRITICAL REVIEWS ISSN- 2394-5125 VOL 7, ISSUE 09, 2020 THE CIVILIAN YOUTH AND TIME OF CRISIS A FIELD RESEARCH IN THE SOCIOLOGY OF LIVING IN A VARIOUS CIVILIAN/LOCAL SOCIETY(MOSUL CITY AS A FIELD STUDY) Asst.Prof. Dr. HasanJassim Rashid University of Mosul,College of Arts,Department of Sociology,Mosul, Iraq E-mail:[email protected] Civil Youth and Time of Crisis: Participatory Research With A Group of Students from the Department of Sociology to Know the Sociology of Living in a Diverse Community/Iraqi City of Mosul as Field of the Study. Received: 08.03.2020 Revised: 25.04.2020 Accepted: 14.05.2020 Abstract Young people are the mainstay of society, not only in terms of continuity in human existence, but also as a continuation of social thought, so they must be involved in finding solutions to those problems that affect their communities, such as Isis's control of Nineveh province and its center "the city of Mosul", which is socially and culturally heterogeneous. Therefore, these young people are the means and the goal in their view of this conflict and how to contribute to the mitigation of its results. The young people here are participants and through the experimental participation of questions and the distribution of those questions and answering them we can know their point of view about ISIS's control over their regions and the disadvantages of that control in what concerns civil liberties and its behaviors and the prevention of communication and interaction with others who belong to different cultural identity to create national distinction in difficult circumstances that their society passed through in ascending stages started from an epicenter of political crisis and then there were some automatic factors that helped to aggravate the situation with a favorable conditions till the crisis reached a stage of tension and anxiety then came the calm that precedes the storm. The crisis was triggered by ISIS's control of the province, with serious consequences, including displacement, killing, slavery, and the manufacture of coercion among all components of the province, including the young people. The events and research requirements proceeded towards the selection of the research sample of three categories of youth of both sexes and according to the situation imposed on them: Young people who remained under ISIS control and youths who fled ISIS's control and those from the minority who live in Nineveh. After conducting the questionnaire's questions that tackle the civil youth crisis, their common living , cultural and social life, besides the interviews conducted as a case study to a number of young males and females and the investigation through the discussions of the focus groups ,many facts were appeared such as : They lived in a period of harsh solitude , individually and collectively, and they were dealt with by ISIS in a brutal manner, and they were deprived from education, and unemployment was rampant. ISIS worked to undermine social relations of all kinds which resulted in the absence of civil liberties in all meanings of freedom and civility. The solutions created by the participatory field research of young people came as follows: Going back to the culture of the past and strengthen it besides addressing the rift between all youth of Nineveh and reject all the ideas brought by ISIS and to extinguish all what ISIS has done to coerce people and going outside the local space into Iraqi national space besides the activation of social institutions', discussion circles ,civil dialogue and voluntary activities role that would strengthen citizenship, civility and liberties of young people. Keywords:The Civilian youth, Crisis, Sociology, Society, Mosul. Introduction: This research paper has involved young people in solving the crisis that they have experienced during the period of Isis control over their province and city of Mosul. The research steps starts from the importance of participatory research in order to raise the awareness of those young people in the field of civil liberties, then the desired benefits of the research from the theoretical and applied sides , then comes a clear manifestation to the concepts of research, a clarification of the problem of young people during the time of ISIS, the methodology adopted, the temporal and spatial field and the description of the youth sample of both sexes and the objectives of the research then in the field side comes the choice of youth groups according to the circumstances of the problem and research's requirements and objectives besides the description of the study society " the province of Nineveh and its center Mosul city that have a heterogeneous cultural nature and historical background of the crisis from the first phase of the crisis to its explosion and the occurrence of disaster and finally the occupation of the province and displacement process. The questionnaire's forms distributed by 2526 JOURNAL OF CRITICAL REVIEWS ISSN- 2394-5125 VOL 7, ISSUE 09, 2020 the youth on the research samples included 15 respondents as a case study involving three youth groups: the first, the group that lived under ISIS control, the second the group of young people who were displaced, and the third included youth from the minority . All categories were closer to 50/50 between males and females, after that,the data were collected, analyzed, and discussed, and the study came up with the findings , proposals, solutions and finally the sources of the research were listed. The Value of The Study: The importance of this participatory research consists in a range of points, including: 1.The Involvement of the university student in field studies to let him academically and scientifically get benefit from the research and socio-educational work in the future . 2.The contribution of young people in diagnosing the problems of the young and participating in the development of appropriate solutions. 3.To increase the scientific and civic awareness of young people in a period when young people are undergoing many and varied problems in their country, province and city as a result of the domination of the extremist ideology gangs on their city. 4.The possibility of convergence of views of the youth in Nineveh province and its center the city of Mosul, because the events have left a rift in civil relations. The Desired Benefits of the Study: Theoretical researches in general and field & applied participatory researches in particular , have great benefits and there are those who get benefit from them, as follows: The local community (Nineveh and Mosul Society) can get benefit of them to diagnose the civil problems and the possibility of developing the solutions. The local government in Nineveh can highly get benefit of them to reunify the youth through the research-based programs. Young people, as a goal and a means in participatory research, are the most aware and have the ability to find the solution to their problems, especially when it comes to the most important aspects of their lives: freedom and civility as culture and behavior under harsh conditions suffered by them as a result of ISIS's control on their province and city. Such research and field studies are also of great benefit to civil and non-governmental organizations, since the study is concerned with the civilian aspect of the lives of young people. Such research and field studies are also of great interest to civil and non-governmental organizations, since the study is concerned with the civilian aspect of the lives of young people. The Concepts of the Study: There is no fixed agreement on the concept of youth in the demographic literature and every society has its own age and demographic measurement . Youth is linguistically known as : young person, which means the boyhood or girlhood ,the modernity and the beginning of the thing that has become at the age of puberty and not reached the age of Manhood or womanhood. The United Nations defines youth as persons aged between 15-24 years without prejudice to other definitions by Member States and, indeed, all United Nations statistics on youth are based on this definition. As evidenced by the annual Yearbook of Statistics published by the United Nations on demography, education, employment and health, young people are those aged between 18 to 29 years. In our Iraqi Arabian and Eastern society, youth ages have been set at 15 to 30 years and they are the largest social group and account for more than 70% of the population. Both female and male respondents, whether they belong to case study or the focus groups , are aged between (18-27) years. Civility: The name refers to the physical aspect of civilization such as urbanism , means of communication and entertainment, matched by the intellectual, spiritual and moral aspect of civilization and very close to civil liberties which means: to give an individual the right to express frankly and clearly his opinion and thought, as well as the freedom of choosing the profession that he/she wants to practice and the freedom of association with NGOs and human rights organizations. The definition leads us to say that Nineveh Province and Mosul youth are applicable to what is stated in the comprehensive definition above, thus leading us to say that: Civility is procedural: a culture that is socially and culturally inherited and acquired from real-time societal conditions and interactions that have produced expressive behaviors in interactions between social diversities and the acceptance of the other who belongs to diverse social cultures aiming at producing free citizenship among different age groups, among the young people. Living: It is known linguistically as : life, lived, lives, and livelihood. 2527 JOURNAL OF CRITICAL REVIEWS ISSN- 2394-5125 VOL 7, ISSUE 09, 2020 The coexistence:It is an implicit agreement between two groups, , not to resort to war to settle differences between them whether they are two parties, states or communities.
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