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The Historical Manuscripts at Lambeth Author(S): Claude Jenkins Source: Transactions of the Royal Historical Society, Vol The Historical Manuscripts at Lambeth Author(s): Claude Jenkins Source: Transactions of the Royal Historical Society, Vol. 11 (1917), pp. 185-197 Published by: Cambridge University Press on behalf of the Royal Historical Society Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/3678441 Accessed: 24-06-2016 22:05 UTC Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at http://about.jstor.org/terms JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. Royal Historical Society, Cambridge University Press are collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Transactions of the Royal Historical Society This content downloaded from 104.239.165.217 on Fri, 24 Jun 2016 22:05:30 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms THE HISTORICAL MANUSCRIPTS AT LAMBETH. By the Rev. CLAUDE JENKINS, M.A., F.S.A., Librarian and Keeper of the Records of Lambeth Palace. WHEN Peter the Great was wearied with London and Londoners, and even receiving visits of ' the thin gentleman' in 'a modest looking coach' to his lodgings in Norfolk Street, Strand, and returning them through the back door of Kensington House had ceased to amuse, he was induced to make an expedition from Deptford to Lambeth where, we are told, ' nothing in England astonished him so much as the Archiepiscopal library . he declared that he had never imagined that there were so many printed volumes in the world.' x One would like to know if they displayed to him among the MSS. that Elizabethan atlas (463) with its wonderful map of the New World and its mariner's compass in the wooden cover-an atlas made, as it shows, in days when Africa was better known than Scotland and Canada included what we now know as the United States; or Sir Henry Maynwaring's treatise on nautical terms (91, cf. 268), parent of many similar works. They form at any rate part of the original collection which the Archbishops hold in trust 'to ye service of God and his Church, of the Kings and Commonwealth of this Realme, and particularly of the Archbishops of Canterbury,' in the terms of Arch- bishop Abbott's will, 'as they will answere unto me, and my predecessor [Richard Bancroft] in that fearefull day of God.' Those treasures thus preserved have been added to, under sanctions less tremendous, not only by the munificence of Archbishops such as Sheldon and Tenison, Secker and Manners-Sutton, but also by the gifts of readers : or if Lambeth Library is the only one in London, public x Macaulay, Hist. Eng., ed. Firth, vi. 2790, 2792. This content downloaded from 104.239.165.217 on Fri, 24 Jun 2016 22:05:30 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms 186 TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL HISTORICAL SOCIETY or private, of which it can be said that access has been given to students for over three hundred years, it may be allowed to the enthusiasm of one of the youngest as well as the latest of its Keepers to venture the opinion that it has gained thereby not less than it has given. It was a reader, John Selden, who saved it in the days of the Common- wealth: it was yet other readers, William Dugdale, and in the following century Richard Trevor, Bishop of Durham, who recovered for it valuable MSS. which, owing to the change of the times, could no longer be regained, as had been done in earlier days, by the weapons of the major excom- munication and that godly discipline as to which some of my brother librarians probably agree with the Prayer Book that its restoration is much to be wished. And while there are many other readers down to the present time to whom the Library is indebted not only for books but even for MSS., there have been few I believe, who share with King James I the ignominy of having abused their privilege. It would be easy for me to speak of the collection as a whole in general terms: but in attempting to deal with a particular portion of it, and to render an account of the value and interest of that section, one soon becomes aware that if the method of Induction be, as we learnt in the Schools, the more persuasive, it is also far the more laborious; and though I shall not weary myself, I am greatly afraid that I may weary you. And what is an historical MS. ? One would rather leave the question unanswered where equivocation is so easy, though I think that one of my predecessors went perhaps too far in extending hospitality to a skeleton, and another in placing among the Rariora a phrenological head wrapped in a pair of buckskin breeches. The librarian taking humanity in more than one aspect for his province recognizes perforce that the flotsam and jetsam of one generation may become by survival precious relics full of instruction for another, as he takes from a book, to which it has served as a This content downloaded from 104.239.165.217 on Fri, 24 Jun 2016 22:05:30 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms THE HISTORICAL MANUSCRIPTS AT LAMBETH 187 marker for perhaps three hundred years, the bill of an under- graduate of Trinity College, Cambridge, in 1572, in the writing of John Whitgift, or happens in a dusty corner of an old tower upon the accounts rendered by Messrs. Twining at the sign of the Golden Lion in Devereux Court, near the Temple, for the fortnightly pound of tea, supplied at a cost of one pound sterling, to the family of Archbishop Potter when George II was king. We shall deny the title, I suppose, to this volume of Horae (474) with its significant erasures in two of the prayers and that obliterated scrawl at the end, though a reagent has just disclosed to Dr. M. R. James that it is the book of prayers of Richard III, and the scrawl reads: 'In ye honour of god and sainte Edmonde Pray for Margaret Richmond.' And we shall allow it to these quaintly beautiful Gospels of MacDurnan which King Athelstan gave to the Church of Christ of Canterbury and Archbishop Parker to Lambeth, because a careful monk has filled blank leaves with charters in Saxon and in Latin recording among other notable matters that Canute the King gave to the said church 'an arm of St. Bartholomew the Apostle with a great pall, the golden crown from his head, and the port of Sandwich.' And equally of course we shall give the name to this Puritan petition printed in 1609 but annotated by the English Solomon with his own hand: 'We are not heir subject to the municipall lawis of denmark': 'Quhy will ye followe the manners of straingers and not obeye your owin churche, in quhose bosome ye waire bredde,' and other observations of a like kind. Shall we say that an historical MS. is one dealing with events and persons and institutions of the past ? Here is an 'Alexandreis' (471), here the correspondence of Alexander the Great with the King of the Brahmans (353, cf. 499), a letter of St. Helena to Constantine (373), of Pope Eleutherius to King Lucius (157), of Presbyter Johannes Rex regum to Emanuel Emperor of Constantinople (371), This content downloaded from 104.239.165.217 on Fri, 24 Jun 2016 22:05:30 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms I88 TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL HISTORICAL SOCIETY to say nothing of pasquils on the death of Charles of Lorraine (426), the report of the post mortem autopsy on Charles II (1036) 8~ vv &v '-o-v yt'ots, says the record-some- what unfamiliar company one would suppose for all con- cerned. Here again is the recipe 'to make the cake that the Queen loves' (928), whether the Queen be Mary II or Anne; here three large Privy Council boxes full of daily bulletins of the health of George III. In days when research was less exacting because materials were less accessible and yet somehow great principles did emerge-else why do we still appeal to Freeman and Stubbs, I was going to say to Grotius ?-Oxford found it possible to combine in one school the study of Law and History. One may regret the modern divorce, the results of which are patent, at least to the historian (who has also lost something though he does not always admit it), but it is an accomplished fact. I pass over therefore Decretals, of which after all the historical basis has ceased to be the most important feature, Constitutions Provincial and other, copies of Statutes, the great copies of Bracton (92-93), a treatise on the Salic Law (262), and many volumes known as Registrum Brevium, with a plea, however, for Papal Bulls (643-4, cJ. 99, 171), the Leges Longobardorum (39), and a work on the ecclesiastical discipline of the Island of Jersey (470, cf. 744, 929). And as one who learnt most in ancient history from a tutor who is now a Professor of Modern History, and who, instead of discussing his pupil's pedestrian essays, spent the time saved in displaying and talking about the coins of the period, I am going to add further as an historical MS.
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