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THE CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY of AMERICA Gallican Vision, Anglican

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THE CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY of AMERICA Gallican Vision, Anglican THE CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY OF AMERICA Gallican Vision, Anglican Perspectives: The Reception of the Works of Louis Ellies Du Pin into England A DISSERTATION Submitted to the Faculty of the School of Theology and Religious Studies Of The Catholic University of America In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree Doctor of Philosophy © Copyright All Rights Reserved By Dennis R. Di Mauro Washington, D.C. 2012 Gallican Vision, Anglican Perspectives: The Reception of the Works of Louis Ellies Du Pin into England Dennis R. Di Mauro, Ph.D. Director: Jacques M. Grès-Gayer, D. Hist., D. Theo. Acting Director: Nelson H. Minnich, Ph.D. This dissertation examines the twenty-seven English editions of famed Gallican church historian Louis Ellies Du Pin. While Du Pin‘s life and works have been extensively researched by Grès-Gayer, his English translations, and reactions to them, have never been fully studied. The research takes an in-depth look at his Protestant editors‘ comments, as well as those of other prominent scholars who cite Du Pin‘s works in their own. Their varied depictions of Du Pin include: Protestant sympathizer, pre- enlightenment scholar, and a staunch Catholic. The dissertation includes English Catholic reactions to Du Pin as a traitor to the Catholic cause and a closet Jansenist. Was the ―English Du Pin‖ the Real Du Pin? The conclusion explains how the English misunderstood him, and explores the many facets of the real scholar: a debunker of ancient forgeries, an agenda-driven Gallican, and a clumsy ecumenist. i This dissertation by Dennis R. Di Mauro fulfills the requirement for the doctoral degree in church history approved by Jacques M. Grès-Gayer, D. Hist., D. Theo., as Director, Nelson H. Minnich, Ph.D. as Acting Director, and Joseph M. White, Ph. D., and Michael Root, Ph. D., as Readers. ____________________________________________ Fr. Jacques M. Grès-Gayer, D. Hist., D. Theo., Dissertation Director, Rev. Mark Morozowich, Acting Dean, on behalf of Fr. Grès-Gayer ____________________________________________ Nelson H. Minnich, Ph. D., Acting Director ____________________________________________ Joseph M. White, Ph. D., Reader _____________________________________________ Michael Root, Ph. D., Reader ii …as long as he never suffers the Sorbonist to break in upon the Historian, his Writings carry an Authority with them, greater than they could have done had they come from a Protestant. Truth, I confess, is the same whoever speaks it; yet all Men grant, that it carries a more Convictive Force along with it, when extorted from those whose Ingenuity over-bears their Interest, than when it freely comes from men that advance their Cause by telling it. -William Wotton iii Acknowledgements Without the work of so many devoted scholars, this work would not have been possible. First, I thank my advisor, Dr. Jacques Grès-Gayer, whose support and encouragement has been invaluable through my years at the Catholic University of America. To a large extent, this work is a continuation of his lifelong work on Du Pin and Gallicanism. Together, we pondered the questions of Du Pin‘s life and work, some of which we were able to answer. I hope that this addition on Du Pin‘s English works helps fill a small gap in Dr. Grès-Gayer‘s scholarship. Second, I thank Dr. Nelson Minnich, who graciously stepped into the director‘s role during Dr. Grès-Gayer‘s illness. Dr. Minnich, whose classes are somewhat legendary at the university, stressed competence in languages and the importance of substantiating conclusions. I am confident that these basics will serve me well in future academic research. Third, a great deal of thanks goes to Dr. Joseph M. White who gave the dissertation a thoughtful reading and made useful suggestions in the areas of print culture and patristic scholarship. His assistance at the final phases of this dissertation was in a class by itself. Fourth, I also thank Dr. Michael Root for assisting as reader during Dr. Grès-Gayer‘s absence. His expertise in ecumenism and Anglican history helped avoid a number of errors. I also thank those who made this research a pleasure: Lenore Rouse and the staff of Catholic University of America Rare Books and Special Collections; Karen O'Connell and the staff of the Rare Book Collection at Lauinger Library, Georgetown University; iv and Anne Marie Menta, Graham Sheriff and the staff of the Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library at Yale University. Finally, I thank my wife Coco, and my daughters, Zoey, Lucy, and Veronica. While I certainly sacrificed a great deal to complete this project, I realize that in many ways you sacrificed even more. Your love, encouragement, and support made all this possible. I promise that this is my first and last Ph.D. Remind me once in a while to make it up to you. v Table of Contents Abbreviations ................................................................................................................. ix Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 1 Gallicanism ................................................................................................................. 3 History of Print Culture .............................................................................................. 6 Organizing the Reactions to Du Pin‘s English Editions ........................................... 12 Chapter I: Du Pin Background ...................................................................................... 16 A Vitae Brevis of Louis Ellies Du Pin ...................................................................... 16 France and the Revocation of the Edict of Nantes .................................................... 21 The Times in England: James II .............................................................................. 25 William and Mary ..................................................................................................... 29 Anne .......................................................................................................................... 36 George I .................................................................................................................... 38 Chapter 2: Du Pin in England ...................................................................................... 41 Du Pin‘s First English Edition: De Antiqua Ecclesiae Disciplina Dissertationes Historicae .................................................................................................................. 41 A New History of Ecclesiastical Writers ................................................................... 46 A Compleat History of the Canons and Writers, of the Books of the Old and New Testament .................................................................................................................. 63 A New Ecclesiastical History of Sixteenth Century .................................................. 65 A New Ecclesiastical History of Seventeenth Century .............................................. 74 1722 Dublin edition of the New History ................................................................... 78 Other Works Published in England........................................................................... 80 Chapter 3: Du Pin the Reformer ................................................................................... 95 French Polemical Works ........................................................................................... 95 Catholic/Protestant Polemical Debates in England and Intra-Protestant Debates Over Polity ......................................................................................................................... 98 How History was used in Intra-Protestant Debates in England and the Failure in Recognizing Du Pin‘s Gallican Agenda ................................................................. 103 Prefaces of Du Pin‘s English Editions .................................................................... 105 vi Edward Stillingfleet ................................................................................................ 107 William Fleetwood.................................................................................................. 111 Edward Gee ............................................................................................................. 117 Joseph Bingham ...................................................................................................... 121 Thomas Brett ........................................................................................................... 130 The Elder and Younger Edwards Synge ................................................................. 134 Bibliothèque des auteurs separez de la communion de l’Église romaine .............. 140 Subscribers of the 1722 Dublin Edition of the New History .................................. 143 Polemical Uses of Du Pin‘s Scholarship ................................................................ 146 Chapter 4 – Du Pin the Heretic ................................................................................... 149 The Gallican and Jansenist Causes ......................................................................... 149 English Protestant and Catholic Views on Jansenism ............................................ 155 A Protestant Defender? ........................................................................................... 160 Case of Conscience ................................................................................................
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