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Home , Apostolic succession, Athelm, Austin Pardue, Brian Duppa, Ceolnoth, Cortlandt Whitehead

There have been 161 who have ministered in succession connecting our with the twelve

30 1.St. Peter (32-67) who before dying in , appointed: 2.St. Linus (67-76) E M O R Our Lord Christ commissioned the Twelve to minister 3.St. Anacletus (Cletus) (76-88) 4.St. Clement I (88-97) in his name, among them, St. Peter: 5.St. Evaristus (97-105) 6.St. Alexander I (105-115) The Apostles take the message into Judea, 7.St. Sixtus I (115-125) 8.St. Telesphorus (125-136) Samaria, and the Ends of the Earth. First SUCCESSION 9.St. Hyginus (136-140) 10.St. Pius I (140-155) 11.St. Anicetus (155-166) to the reaches of the Roman Empire, which 12.St. Soter (166-175)

Listed in , writing c. 175 writing in Irenaeus, c. Listed 13.St. Eleutherius (175-189) included , and then, in the 16th IN THE SEE 14.St. Victor I (189-199) 15.St. Zephyrinus (199-217) 16.St. Callistus I (217-22) century, into the New World. 17.St. Urban I (222-30) 18.St. Pontain (230-35) Showing Continuity of Teaching 19.St. Anterus (235-36) 20.St. Fabian (236-50) 21.St. Cornelius (251-53) 22.St. Lucius I (253-54) 23.St. Stephen I (254-257) In the Same Place 24.St. Sixtus II (257-258) 25.St. Dionysius (260-268) 26.St. Felix I (269-274) THE SCRIPTURES 27.St. Eutychian (275-283) 28.St. Caius (283-296) 29.St. Marcellinus (296-304) Jesus said to them again, “Peace be with you. As the Father has sent me, even so 30.St. Marcellus I (308-309) I am sending you.” And when he had said this, he breathed on them and said to 31.St. (309 or 310) Listed in Hegesippius, collected by Eusebius, writing c. 320 writing c. Eusebius, by collected in Hegesippius, Listed 32.St. Miltiades (311-14) them, “Receive the .” John 20:21-22 33.St. Sylvester I (314-35) 34.St. Marcus (336) 35.St. Julius I (337-52) And they [The Apostles] prayed and said, “You, Lord, who know the hearts of all, 36.Liberius (352-66) show which one of these two you have chosen to take the place in this ministry 37.St. Damasus I (366-83) and apostleship from which Judas turned aside to go to his own place.”:24-25 38.St. Siricius (384-99) 39.St. Anastasius I (399-401) 40.St. Innocent I (401-17) MANUAL This is why I left you in Crete, so that you might put what remained into order, 41.St. Zosimus (417-18) 42.St. Boniface I (418-22) and appoint elders in every town as I directed you. Titus 1:5 43.St. Celestine I (422-32) 44.St. Sixtus III (432-40) SUCCESSION 45.St. Leo I (the Great) (440-61) 46.St. Hilarius (461-68) THE EARLIEST FATHERS 47.St. Simplicius (468-83) 48.St. Felix III (II) (483-92) 49.St. Gelasius I (492-96) nd our Apostles knew through our Lord Jesus Christ that there would 50.Anastasius II (496-98) The un-broken chain of 51.St. Symmachus (498-514) be strife over the name of the bishop’s office. For this cause therefore, 52.St. Hormisdas (514-23) having received complete foreknowledge,they appointed the aforesaid 53.St. John I (523-26) persons, and afterwards they provided a continuance, that if these should fall 54.St. Felix IV (III) (526-30) Hands-to-Head A 55.Boniface II (530-32) asleep, other approved men should succeed to their ministration. 56.John II (533-35) —St. Clement of Rome, 1 Clement 44 (a.d. 95) 57.St. Agapetus I (535-36) 58.St. Silverius (536-37) 59.Vigilius (537-55) t is possible, then, for everyone in every church, who may wish to know the 60.Pelagius I (556-61) truth, to contemplate the tradition of the apostles which has been made known 61.John III (561-74) 62.Benedict I (575-79) The name in parentheses is the city they were bishop of, and the year in which they were consecrated to us throughout the whole world. And we are in a position to enumerate in Roman archives and collected ChroniconsHistories, in multiple and Church Listed Although this record is not 63.Pelagius II (579-90) 1 (Lyons) descended from a line of French Bishops, tracing back to the Apostles complete back to the Apostles, 64.St. Gregory I (the Great) (590-604) who sent to England those who were instituted bishops by the apostles and their successors down to our Berthwald (, 693-731) what it shows is the certainty 65.1 St. Augustine 597-605 I Y R U B R E T N A C Daniel (, 705- ) of the Apostolic line from our own times, men who neither knew nor taught anything like what these heretics rave about... The blessed apostles, then, having founded and built up the Church, who established the see of Canterbury and was followed by Tatwin (Canterbury, 731- ) own day back to the 7th century. 66.2 St. Laurentius 605-619 Egbert (, 734- ) It also shows that our apostolic committed into the hands of Linus the office of the episcopate. Of this Linus, 67.3 St. 619-624 Jaenbert (Canterbury, 766- ) descent is in no way contingent 68.4 St. 624-627 Ethelbert (York, 767- ) on the papal succession of the later Paul makes mention in the Epistles to Timothy. To him succeeded Anacletus; and corrupt middle ages, but has its 69.5 St. Honorius 627-653 Ethelbert Whithern (Hexham, 777- ) after him, in the third place from the apostles, Clement was allotted the bishopric. own hands-to-head integrity 70.6 St. Deusdedit 655-664 II (York, 796- ) back to the 10th century with This man, as he had seen the blessed apostles, and had been conversant with them, 71.7 St. 668-90 Egbert (Lindisfarne, 803) 72.8 St.Berhtuald 693-731 certainty, and back to the 7th The record of who consecrated who between 803 and 909 is not clear from the available written century probably. Moreover, might be said to have the preaching of the apostles still echoing [in his ears], and 73.9 St. Taetwine 731-734 evidence, due to the tumultuous events of this century, which included the first of the viking raids. when this list is corroborated their traditions before his eyes. 74.10 St. Nothelm 734-740 We have plenty of record of bishops in this century, at the various sees around England, such as with what we know from Listed in ’s Ecclesiastical History, c. 730 c. Ecclesiastical History, in Bede’s Listed 75.11 St. 740-758 the line of bishops at Lindisfarne, following Egbert at Lindisfarne we have: Heathwred (821- ), —St. Irenaeus of Layons, Against 3:3:1 (a.d. ~180) 2 other historical records, and 76.12 St. Breogwine 759-762 Ecgred (830- ), Eanbert (845- ), Eardulf (854- ), Cutheard (899- ). the universality of apostolic 77.13 St. Jaenberht 763-790 Formosus in Rome consecrated in 890 to the See of Canterbury. The only co-con- worldwide in the f any dare to connect themselves with the Apostolic age that they appear to 78.14 St. Aethelheard 790-803 secrators who would have been available to join him for the men that he (Plegmund) consecrated earliest centuries, as well as have descended from the Apostles because they have been under the rule of 79.15 803-829 would have been from the surviving British line that traces back to Berthwald, and so the two the tradition of always having 80.16 Fleogild 829-830 lines, British (via French) and Italian were swiftly merged back together, even though Plegmund more than one consecrator, it is the Apostles, we can say: Let them declare the origins of their Churches, let 81.17 830-870 was consecrated in Rome. probable to the point of certainty 82.18 Aethelred 870-889 Plegmund (Canterbury, 890- ) that the manual transmission them unfold the succession of their bishops, so coming down from the beginning (hands-to-head) is indeed 83.19 Plegemund 891-923 (Wells, 909-923. In 923 he is translated to the see of Canterbury. This is the first instance I of this practice in church history, and it becomes a new precedent. For the remainder of this list, the unbroken from the time of the with continuous steps that the first bishop may have had as his consecrator and 84.20 Aethelm 923-925 first city listed is the city they were initially consecrated to, and if a second city is named, that is the Apostles on down. predecessor one of the Apostles, or of the Apostolic men who remained in the 85.21 Wulfelm 928-941 3 city he was bishop of at the time of his consecrating the man next in this list) 86.22 St. Odo the Severe 941-958 communion of Apostles. (Wells, 914-, Canterbury) 87.23 Aelsine 958-959 Odo (Ramsbury, 926-, Canterbury) — Prescription against Heretics 32 (a.d. ~195) 88.24 St. 959-988 Dunstan (Worcester, 957-, Canterbury) 89.25 Aethelgar 988-989 Siric (Ramsbury, 985- , Canterbury) 90.26 Sigeric the serious 990-994 Elfric (Ramsbury, 990- , Canterbury) 91.27 Aefric 995-1005 1000 (Worcester and York, 1003- ) 92.28 St. Alphege 1006-1012 Ethelnoth (Canterbury, 1020- ) 93.29 Lyfing 1013-1020 (St. Martin’s, 1035- , Canterbury) For the first Millenium of the Church, there was a common view of succession: 94.30 Aethelnoth 1020-1038 (Elmham, 1043- , Canterbury) That the Apostles held the Faith between them, all twelve. And that the successors 95.31 Eadsige 1038-1050 Siward (Rochester, 1058- ) 96.32 Robert of Jumièges 1051-1052 to the Apostles: The bishops around the world, together and as a whole constituted (Canterbury, Aug 29th, 1070- ) Starting with Lanfranc we have record of all the the continutation of apostolic authority and witness. That any bishop was able to 97.33 Stigand 1052-1070 bishops who were present at the . So for instance, not only did Siward of Rochester lay consecrate any bishop, and the line of succession is continued. And that the whole 98.34 Lanfranc 1070-1089 his hands on Lanfranc’s head, but also William (), (Winchester), Giso (Wells), network of , held together by all living bishops, is the vital source of 99.35 St. Anselm 1093-1109 Walter (Hereford), (Sherborne), Remigius (Dorchester), (Elmham), and Stigend 100.36 Ralph de Turbine1114-1122 (Selsey). For every name that follows such a list could be adduced, as well as their respective succes- apostolic ministry. In the late middle Ages, the Roman church changed 101.37 William de Corbeuil 1123-1136 sions. The long lists have been left out, since the demonstation of the continuous manual succession is their view, to believe that apostolic authority descends singularly and solely through 102.38 Theobald1139-1161 the purpose of this list. the bishops of Rome, succeeded from St. Peter. This new theory is rejected by 103.39 St. 1162-1170 Maurice (London, Apr 5th, 1086- ) Anglicans who instead hold the ancient view and whose claim of apostolic descent 104.40 Richard 1174-1184 Anselm (Canterbury, Dec 4th, 1093- ) is therefore much more certain and uncontested, since the Papal schism of the 15th 105.41 Baldwin 1185-1190 (Sarum, Aug 11th, 1107- ) 106.42 Fitz-Jocelin 1191 Theobald (Canterbury, Jan 8th, 1139- ) century renders the of that see in at least mild doubt. Contained in present CanterburyContained archives 107.43 1193-1205 Gilbert (Hereford, Sep 5th, 1148- , London) historical notes 108.44 1207-1228 Peter (St. David’s, Nov 7th, 1176- ) 109.45 Richard Wethershed1229-1231 Huburt (Sarum, Oct 22nd, 1189- , Canterbury) 110.46 St. Edmund Rich 1233-1240 William (London, May 23rd, 1199 - ) In 1533, was appointed the of Canterbury, while Henry VIII 111.47 Boniface of Savoy 1240-1270 Walter (Worcester, Oct 5th, 1214 -, York) was king of England. Cantebury was a Metropolitical see, meaning that the archbishop there 112.48 1273-1278 Walter (Durham, Dec 5th, 1249- ) held the highest level of administrative authority in the Church. This metropolitan see was 113.49 1279-1292 Henry (Whithern, Feb 7th, 1255- ) established when Augustine received the from Gregory the Great at the turn of the 114.50 Robert Winchelsea 1293-1313 John (Carlisle, Sep 14th, 1292- ) Roger (Lichfield, Jun 27th, 1322- ) 7th century. Throughout the course of the Middle Ages (600-1500), the Bishop of Rome began 115.51 1313-1372 116.52 Simon deMeopham 1327-1333 Robert (Sarum, Jul 15th, 1330- ) to assert more and more authority for himself, ultimately in the late 13th century claiming a 117.53 John Stratford 133-1348 (London, Mar 20th, 1362- ) universal jurisdiction over the Church, and an authority that trumps all secular leadership. 118.54 John de Ufford 1348-1349 (Ely, Apr 9th, 1374- , Canterbury) These assertions of power were several times challenged by kings of England and 119.55 Thomas Bradwardin 1349 (Ely, Jan 31st, 1479- , Canterbury) of Canterbury, but ultimately, on the eve of the , Canterbury had seced its 120.56 Simon Islip 1349-1366 Richard Fox (Exeter, Apr 8th, 1487- , Winchester) rightful authority to the over-bold claims of the medieval papacy. Cranmer was consecrated a 121.57 1366-1368 (London, Sep 25th, 1502- , Canterbury) 122.58 William Wittlesey 1368-1374 John Longlands (Lincoln, May 5th, 1521- ) bishop by John Longlands using the old rite of his time (See the table on the right for the 123.59 Simon Sudbury 1375-1381 Thomas Cranmer (Canterbury, Mar 30th, 1533- ) manual succession). When the winds of reformation swept through England, and Cranmer 124.60 1381-1396 Robert Parfew (St. Asaph, Jul 2nd, 1536- ) working with King Henry unshackled themselves from the innovation of Papal authority, the 125.61 Thomas Arundel 1396-1414 John Hodgskin (Bedford, Dec 9, 1537- ) apostolically succeeded ministry continued, including when the Ordination Rite began to be 126.62 Henry Chicheley 1414-1443 (Canterbury, Dec 17th, 1559- ) done in English in 1550, instead of Latin. When England hiccuped and Bloody Mary was 127.63 1443-1452 (London, Dec 21st, 1559- , Canterbury) (Worcester, Apr 21st, 1577- , Canterbury) briefly queen, she temporarily deposed the bishops in place under Cranmer, and appointed a 128.64 1452-1454 129.65 Thomas Bourchier 1454-1486 (London, May 8th, 1597- , Canterbury) reformation man loyal to the papacy, Cardinal Pole, who was archbishop for two years. When Mary died 130.66 John Morton 1486-1500 George Abbott (Lichfield, Dec 3rd, 1609- , Canterbury) and was succeeded by Edward VI, whose protestant Regency guided him to restore a reformed 131.67 Henry Deane 1501-1503 George Monteigne (Lincoln, Dec 14th, 1617- , London) catholic to the see of Canterbury, led to the consecration of Matthew Parker. 132.68 William Warham 1503-1532 (St. David’s, Nov 18th, 1621- , Canterbury) controversialists of yesteryear tried to impugn Parker’s consecration as invalid, but thankfully 133.69 Thomas Cranmer 1533-1556 (, Jun 17th, 1638- , Winchester) there is hard evidence from his consecration service, of the consecrators present, the rite used, etc. 134.70 1556-1558 (London, Oct 28th, 1660- , Canterbury) 135.71 Matthew Parker 1559-1575 (, Dec 6th, 1674- , London) Roman Catholics have also tried to argue that the liturgical form of consecration used for one of 136.72 Edmund Grindal 1575-1583 (Canterbury, Jan 27th, 1678- ) Parker’s consecrators was invalid, but even if this was the case, the formal accuracy of his other 137.73 John Whitgift 1583-1604 Jonathan Trelawney (Bristol, Nov 8th, 1685- , Winchester) consecrators (e.g. Hodgskin) is beyond dispute, being consecrated with the latin rite to the 138.73 Richard Bancroft 1604-1610 (Oxford, May 15th, 1715- , Canterbury) reformation and the English Ordinal. 5 139.73 George 1611-1633 (Bangor, Jan 15th, 1738- , Canterbury) 140.76 William Laud 1633-1645 (Lichfield, Feb 19th, 1750- , Canterbury) The See of Cantebrury sat vacant while the ruled John Moore (Bangor, Feb 12th, 1775- , Canterbury) 4 In God’s mercy, the Commonwealth was brought to an end before the generation that was England under Cromwell (1645-1660), but the duly ordained William White (, Feb 4th, 1787- ) Bishops lived in exile. When Charles II was restored to the connected to the ancient church died. So, while there was a 15 year period where the See of John H. Hopkins (Vermont, Oct 31st, 1832- ) throne, they returned and consecrated to the see of Canterbury: Horatio Potter (, Nov 22nd, 1854- ) Canterbury was vacant of a bishop, the consecrators of Juxon at the all descended 142.77 1660-1663 Abram Littlejohn (Long Island, Jan 27th, 1869- ) from the Old line, and with their consecration they also handed down the one catholic faith 143.78 Gilbert Sheldon 1663-1677 John McKim (Tokyo, Jun 14th, 1893- ) that they had guarded with their lives while abroad, and which the Sovereign they had sworn 144.79 William Sancroft 1678-1691 Henry St. George Tucker (Kyoto, Mar 25th, 1912- ) 145.80 1691-1694 cromwell loyalty to gave his life before forsaking: Blessed King Charles the . John Elbridge Hines (Texas, Oct 18th, 1945- ) 146.81 1694-1715 Browning (Okinawa, Jan 5th, 1955- ) 147.82 1716-1737 Robert Wm. Duncan (, Apr 27th, 1996- ) 148.83 John Potter 1737-1747 Neil Lebhar (Gulf Atlantic, Feb 13th, 2010- ) 149.84 Thomas Herring 1747-1757 150.85 Matthew Hutton 1757-1758 Many of the Bishops of the ACNA have had Archbishop Duncan as a consecrator, 151.86 Thomas Ecker 1758-1768 although some older diocese (South Carolina, Fort Worth, Quincy, etc.) would 152.87 Frederick Cornwallis 1768-83 trace an alternate lineage back to William White (1787). It’s worth noting that was the actual first Anglican 153.88 John Moore 1783-1805 Appointed William White as the first of the bishop in the , who was consecrated by bishops descended . A . S . U U.S.A and first bishop of Pennsylvania from the Non-Juring Bishops of 1688. William White and Seabury 154. William White 1787 together consecrated their successors, joining the apostolic lines, but some Consecrated in 1832 u.s.a. of the unique aspects of the American Prayerbook are accounted for only 155. John H. Hopkins because of this non-juring heritage. As the first bishop of Vermont. He in turn established the Diocese of Pittsburgh, whose first bishop was 156.1 1866-1881 157.2 1882-1922 1 The first 11 names on this list are compiled from the first-hand archival work of the Rev. Charles Frere Stopford Warren, 158.3 Alexander Mann 1923-1943 as recorded in John Henry Blunt’s Annotated (1907), p. 668 159.4 Austin Pardue 1944-1967 2 Source for Lindisfarne bishops: Fryde, E. B.; Greenway, D. E.; Porter, S.; Roy, I. Handbook of British Chronology 160.5 Robert B. Appleyard 1968-1980 (Third revised ed.). , UK: Cambridge University Press, 1996. 161.6 Alden Moinet Hathaway 1981-1995 3 Compiled from archives at Canterbury , in John Henry Blunt’s Annotated Book of Common Prayer, 162.7 Robert William Duncan 1996-2014 2000 New Edition, 1895/1907 pp. 669-670. 4 Who in 2008, became the first Archbishop of The Anglican The succession of bishops in the Episcopal Church is kept on record at The Episcopal Church headquarters, as Church in North America, and in 2009 ordained well as each diocesan office. Multiple lines could be traced, this is just one as an instance, compiled from archived ordination bulletins and notes from General Conventions. 162.1 Neil Lebhar 2009 - present 5 as the first bishop of the newly formed Gulf Atlantic Diocese For the historical details that vindicate Parker’s consecration, see “Supplementary Appendix A: Notes As To The Consecration Of Archbishop Parker.” by the Rev. Henry Barker , M.A. in Arthur Lowndes, Vindication of Anglican Orders. New York: J. Pott & Co., 1911 OUR APOSTOLIC SUCCESSION

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