Lesser Feasts and
Fasts 2018
Conforming to General Convention 2018
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Preface
Christians have since ancient times honored men and women whose lives represent heroic commitment to Christ and who have borne witness to their faith even at the cost of their lives. Such witnesses, by the grace of God, live in every age. The criteria used in the selection of those to be commemorated in the Episcopal Church are set out below and represent a growing consensus among provinces of the Anglican Communion also engaged in enriching their calendars.
What we celebrate in the lives of the saints is the presence of Christ expressing itself in and through particular lives lived in the midstꢀof specific historical circumstances. In the saints we are not dealing primarily with absolutes of perfection but human lives, in all their diversity, open to the motions of the Holy Spirit. Many a holy life, when carefully examined, will reveal flaws or the bias of a particular moment in history or ecclesial perspective. It should encourage us to realize that the saints, like us, are first and foremost redeemed sinners in whom the risen Christ’s words to St. Paul come to fulfillment, “My grace is sufficient for you, for my power is made perfect in weakness.”
The “lesser feasts” provide opportunities for optional observance. They are not intended to replace the fundamental celebration of Sunday and major Holy Days.
As the Standing Liturgical Commission and the General Convention add or delete names from the calendar, successive editions of this volume will be published, each edition bearing in the title the date of the General Convention to which it is a response.
This latest edition of Lesser Feasts and Fasts is intended to reflect a balance of women and men, orders of ministry, races and ethnicities, and historical time periods. It has been designed so that it can stand alone, but can also be used in conjunction with the additional optional resource A Great Cloud of Witnesses, which includes an even broader list of names and a more expansive set of criteria for
2inclusion. This use of two books recognizes that there is a diversity of understandings in the Episcopal Church about what it means for someone to appear on the calendar and a range of practices in how the calendar is used.
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The Calendar of the Church Year
The Church Year consists of two cycles of feasts and holy days: one is dependent upon the movable date of the Sunday of the Resurrection or Easter Day; the other, upon the fixed date of December 25, the Feast of our Lord’s Nativity or Christmas Day.
Easter Day is always the first Sunday after the full moon that falls on or after March 21. It cannot occur before March 22 or after April 25.
The sequence of all Sundays of the Church Year depends upon the date of Easter Day. But the Sundays of Advent are always the four Sundays before Christmas Day, whether it occurs on a Sunday or a weekday. The date of Easter also determines the beginning of Lent on Ash Wednesday, and the feast of the Ascension on a Thursday forty days after Easter Day.
1. Principal Feasts The Principal Feasts observed in this Church are the following: Easter Day Ascension Dayꢀ The Day of Pentecost Trinity Sunday All Saints’ Day, November 1 Christmas Day, December 25 The Epiphany, January 6
These feasts take precedence of any other day or observance. All Saints’ Day may always be observed on the Sunday following November 1, in addition to its observance on the fixed date.
2. Sundays
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All Sundays of the year are feasts of our Lord Jesus Christ. In addition to the dated days listed above, only the following feasts, appointed on fixed days, take precedence of a Sunday:
The Holy Name The Presentation The Transfiguration
The feast of the Dedication of a Church, and the feast of its patron or title, may be observed on, or be transferred to, a Sunday, except in the seasons of Advent, Lent, and Easter.
All other Feasts of our Lord, and all other Major Feasts appointedꢀon fixed days in the Calendar, when they occur on a Sunday, are normally transferred to the first convenient open day within the week. When desired, however, the Collect, Preface, and one or more of the Lessons appointed for the Feast may be substituted for those of the Sunday, but not from the Last Sunday after Pentecost through the First Sunday after the Epiphany, or from the Last Sunday after the Epiphany through Trinity Sunday.
With the express permission of the bishop, and for urgent and sufficient reason, some other special occasion may be observed on a Sunday.
3. Holy Days The following Holy Days are regularly observed throughout the year. Unless otherwise ordered in the preceding rules concerning Sundays, they have precedence over all other days of commemoration or of special observance:
Other Feasts of our Lord: The Holy Name The Presentation The Annunciation The Visitation Saint John the Baptist
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The Transfiguration Holy Cross Day
Other Major Feasts: All feasts of Apostles All feasts of Evangelists Saint Stephenꢀ The Holy Innocents Saint Josephꢀ Saint Mary Magdalene Saint Mary the Virginꢀ Saint Michael and All Angels Saint James of Jerusalem Independence Day Thanksgiving Day
Fasts: Ash Wednesday Good Friday
Feasts appointed on fixed days in the Calendar are not observed on the days of Holy Week or of Easter Week. Major Feasts falling in these weeks are transferred to the week following the Second Sunday of Easter, in the order of their occurrence.
Feasts appointed on fixed days in the Calendar do not take precedence over Ash Wednesday.
Feasts of our Lord and other Major Feasts appointed on fixed days, which fall upon or are transferred to a weekday, may be observed on any open day within the week. This provision does not apply to Christmas Day, the Epiphany, and All Saints’ Day.
4. Days of Special Devotion The following days are observed by special acts of discipline and self- denial:
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Ash Wednesday and the other weekdays of Lent and of Holy Week, except the feast of the Annunciation.
Good Friday and all other Fridays of the year, in commemoration of the Lord’s crucifixion, except for Fridays in the Christmas and Easter seasons, and any Feasts of our Lord which occur on a Friday.
5. Days of Optional Observance Subject to the rules of precedence governing Principal Feasts, Sundays, and Holy Days, the following may be observed with the Collects, Psalms, and Lessons duly authorized by this Church:
Commemorations listed in the Calendarꢀ Other Commemorations, using the Common of Saintsꢀ The Ember Days, traditionally observed on the Wednesdays, Fridays, and Saturdays after the First Sunday in Lent, the Day of Pentecost, Holy Cross Day, and Saint Lucy’s Dayꢀ The Rogation Days, traditionally observed on Monday, Tuesday, and Wednesday before Ascension Day Various Occasions
Provided that there is no celebration of the Eucharist for any such occasion on Ash Wednesday, Maundy Thursday, Good Friday,ꢀand Holy Saturday; and provided further, that none of the Propers appointed for Various Occasions is used as a substitute for, or as an addition to, the Proper appointed for the Principal Feasts.
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JANUARY
1 THE HOLY NAME OF OUR LORD JESUS CHRIST 2 Gregory of Nazianzus, Bishop and Theologian, 389 34 Elizabeth Ann Seton, Monastic and Educator, 1821 5 Sarah, Theodora, and Syncletica of Egypt, Desert Mothers, 4th-5th century 6 THE EPIPHANY OF OUR LORD JESUS CHRIST 78 Harriet Bedell, Deaconess and Missionary, 1969 9 Julia Chester Emery, Lay Leader and Missionary, 1922 10 William Laud, Archbishop of Canterbury, 1645 11 12 Aelred of Rievaulx, Abbot and Theologian, 1167 13 14 Richard Meux Benson, Priest, and Charles Gore, Bishop, 1915 and 1932 15 16
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17 Antony of Egypt, Monastic, 356 18 THE CONFESSION OF SAINT PETER THE APOSTLE 19 Richard Rolle, Walter Hilton, and Margery Kempe, Mystics, 1349, 1396, and c. 1440 20 21 Agnes and Cecilia of Rome, Martyrs, 304 and c.230 22 Vincent of Saragossa, Deacon and Martyr, 304 23 24 [Florence Li Tim-Oi, Priest, 1992] 25 THE CONVERSION OF SAINT PAUL THE APOSTLE 26 Titus and Timothy, Companions of Saint Paul 27 John Chrysostom, Bishop and Theologian, 407 28 Thomas Aquinas, Friar and Theologian, 1274 29 30 31 Marcella of Rome, Monastic and Scholar, 410
FEBRUARY
1 Brigid of Kildare, Monastic, c.523
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2 THE PRESENTATION OF OUR LORD JESUS CHRIST IN THE TEMPLE 34 Manche Masemola, Martyr, 1928 5 Agatha of Sicily, Martyr, c.251 6 The Martyrs of Japan, 1597 78 Bakhita (Josephine Margaret Bakhita), Monastic and Prophetic Witness, 1947 910 Scholastica, Monastic, 543 11 Theodora, Empress, c.867 12 13 Absalom Jones, Priest, 1818 14 Cyril and Methodius, Missionaries, 869 and 885 15 Thomas Bray, Priest and Missionary, 1730 16 17 Janani Luwum, Archbishop and Martyr, 1977 18 Martin Luther, Pastor and Church Reformer, 1546
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19 Agnes Tsao Kou Ying, Agatha Lin Zhao, and Lucy Yi Zhenmei, Catechists and Martyrs, 1856, 1858, and 1862
20 Frederick Douglass, Social Reformer, 1895 21 22 Margaret of Cortona, Monastic, 1297 23 Polycarp of Smyrna, Bishop and Martyr, 156 24 SAINT MATTHIAS THE APOSTLE 25 26 Photini, The Samaritan Woman, c.67 27 George Herbert, Priest and Poet, 1633 28 Anna Julia Haywood Cooper, Educator, 1964 29
MARCH
1 David of Wales, Bishop, c. 544 2 Chad of Lichfield, Bishop, 672 3 John and Charles Wesley, Priests, 1791, 1988 45
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67 Perpetua and Felicity, Martyrs, 202 89 Gregory of Nyssa, Bishop and Theologian, c. 394 10 Harriet Ross Tubman, Social Reformer, 1913 11 12 Gregory the Great, Bishop and Theologian, 604 13 14 15 Vincent de Paul, Priest, and Louise de Marillac, Monastic, Workers of Charity, 1660 16 17 18 Patrick of Ireland, Bishop and Missionary, 461 19 SAINT JOSEPH 20 21 Thomas Cranmer, Archbishop of Canterbury, Liturgist, and Martyr 1556 22
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23 24 Oscar Romero, Archbishop and Martyr, 1980 and the Martyrs of El Salvador 25 THE ANNUNCIATION OF OUR LORD JESUS CHRIST TO THE BLESSED VIRGIN MARY
26 Harriet Monsell, Monastic, 1883 27 28 James Solomon Russell, Priest, 1935 29 John Keble, Priest and Poet, 1866 30 31 John Donne, Priest and Poet, 1631
APRIL
1 Frederick Denison Maurice, Priest, 1872 23 Mary of Egypt, Hermit and Penitent, c.421 4 Martin Luther King, Jr., Pastor and Martyr, 1968 5 Harriet Starr Cannon, Monastic, 1896 67
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8 William Augustus Muhlenberg, Priest, 1877 9 Dietrich Bonhoeffer, Pastor and Theologian, 1945 10 William Law, Priest, 1761 11 12 13 14 Zenaida, Philonella, and Hermione, Unmercenary Physicians, c. 100, c.117 15 Damien, Priest, 1889 and Marianne Cope, Monastic 1918 of Hawaii 16 Peter Williams Cassey, Priest, 1917 and Annie Besant Cassey, 1875 17 Kateri Tekakwitha, Prophetic Witness, 1680 18 19 20 21 Anselm, Archbishop of Canterbury and Theologian, 1109 22 Hadewijch of Brabant, Poet and Mystic, 13th century 23 Toyohiko Kagawa, Prophetic Witness, 1960
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24 25 SAINT MARK THE EVANGELIST 26 27 Zita of Tuscany, Worker of Charity, 1271 28 29 Catherine of Siena, Mystic and Prophetic Witness, 1380 30
MAY
1 THE APOSTLES SAINT PHILIP AND SAINT JAMES 2 Elisabeth Cruciger, Poet and Hymnographer, 1535 3 Athanasius of Alexandria, Bishop and Theologian, 373 4 Martyrs of the Reformation Era 5678 Julian of Norwich, Mystic and Theologian, c.1417 910
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11 Johann Arndt and Jacob Boehme, Mystics, 1621 and 1624 12 13 Frances Perkins, Social Reformer, 1965 14 15 Pachomius of Tabenissi, Monastic, 348 16 17 [Thurgood Marshall, Public Servant, 1993] 18 19 Dunstan, Archbishop of Canterbury, 988 20 Alcuin of York, Deacon and Abbot, 804 21 Lydia of Thyatira, Coworker of the Apostle Paul 22 Helena of Constantinople, Protector of the Holy Places, 330 23 24 Jackson Kemper, Bishop and Missionary, 1870 25 Bede, Priest and Historian, 735 26 Augustine of Canterbury, First Archbishop of Canterbury, 605 27 28 Mechthild of Magdeburg, Mystic, c.1282 29
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30 31 THE VISITATION OF THE BLESSED VIRGIN MARY
JUNE
1 Justin, Martyr, 167 23 The Martyrs of Uganda, 1886 4 John XXIII (Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli), Bishop and Church Reformer, 1963 5678 Melania the Elder, Monastic, 410 9 Columba of Iona, Monastic, 567 10 Ephrem of Nisibis, Deacon and Poet, 373 11 SAINT BARNABAS THE APOSTLE 12 Enmegahbowh, Priest and Missionary, 1902 13 14 Basil of Caesarea, Bishop and Theologian, 379
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15 Evelyn Underhill, Mystic and Writer, 1947 16 17 Marina the Monk, Monastic, 5th century 18 Bernard Mizeki, Martyr, 1896 19 Adelaide Teague Case, Educator, 1948 20 Alban, Martyr, c.304 21 22 23 24 THE NATIVITY OF SAINT JOHN THE BAPTIST 25 26 Isabel Florence Hapgood, Ecumenist, 1923 27 28 Irenaeus of Lyons, Bishop and Theologian, c.202 29 THE APOSTLES SAINT PETER AND SAINT PAUL 30
JULY
1 [Pauli Murray, Priest, 1985]
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2 Moses the Black, Monastic and Martyr, c.400 34 INDEPENDENCE DAY (United States of America) 56 Eva Lee Matthews, Monastic, 1928 78 Priscilla and Aquila, Coworkers of the Apostle Paul 910 11 Benedict of Nursia, Monastic, c.543 12 13 14 Argula von Grumbach, Scholar and Church Reformer, c.1554 15 16 17 William White, Bishop, 1836 18 19 Macrina of Caesarea, Monastic and Teacher, 379 20 Maria Skobtsoba, Monastic and Martyr, 1945
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21 22 SAINT MARY MAGDALENE 23 John Cassian, Monastic and Theologian, 435 24 Thomas a Kempis, Priest and Mystic, 1471 25 JAMES THE APOSTLE 26 27 William Reed Huntington, Priest, 1909 28 Johann Sebastian Bach, Composer, 1750 29 MARY AND MARTHA OF BETHANY 30 William Wilberforce, Social Reformer, 1833 31 Ignatius of Loyola, Priest and Spiritual Writer, 1556
AUGUST
123 Joanna, Mary, and Salome, Myrrh-bearing Women 456 THE TRANSFIGURATION OF OUR LORD JESUS CHRIST
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7 John Mason Neale, Priest and Hymnographer, 1866 8 Dominic, Priest and Friar, 1221 9 Edith Stein (Teresa Benedicta of the Cross), Philosopher, Monastic, and Martyr, 1942 10 Laurence of Rome, Deacon and Martyr, 258 11 Clare of Assisi, Monastic, 1253 12 13 Jeremy Taylor, Bishop and Theologian, 1667 14 Jonathan Myrick Daniels, Martyr, 1965 15 SAINT MARY THE VIRGIN, MOTHER OF OUR LORD JESUS CHRIST 16 17 18 19 20 Bernard of Clairvaux, Monastic and Theologian, 1153 21 22 23 24 SAINT BARTHOLOMEW THE APOSTLE
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25 26 Thomas Gallaudet and Henry Winter Syle, Priests, 1902 and 1890 27 Monica, Mother of Augustine of Hippo, 387 28 Augustine of Hippo, Bishop and Theologian, 430 29 THE BEHEADING OF SAINT JOHN THE BAPTIST 30 Margaret Ward, Margaret Clitherow, and Anne Line, Martyrs, 1588, 1586, and 1601
31 David Pendleton Oakerhater, Deacon, 1931
SEPTEMBER
12 The Martyrs of New Guinea, 1942 3 Phoebe, Deacon 4 Paul Jones, Bishop, 1941 5 Katharina Zell, Church Reformer and Writer, 1562 6 Hannah More, Religious Writer and Philanthropist, 1833 7 Kassiani, Poet and Hymnographer, 865 8 The Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary
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9 Constance, Thecla, Ruth, Frances, Charles Parsons, and Louis Schuyler, Martyrs, 1878 10 Alexander Crummell, Priest, 1898 11 12 John Henry Hobart, Bishop, 1830 13 14 HOLY CROSS DAY 15 Catherine of Genoa, Mystic and Nurse, 1510 16 17 Hildegard of Bingen, Mystic and Scholar, 1179 18 Edward Bouverie Pusey, Priest, 1882 19 20 21 SAINT MATTHEW, APOSTLE AND EVANGELIST 22 23 Thecla of Iconium, Proto-Martyr among Women, c.70 24 Anna Ellison Butler Alexander, Deaconess and Teacher, 1947 25 Euphrosyne/Smaragdus of Alexandria, Monastic, 5th century 26 Lancelot Andrewes, Bishop, 1626
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27 28 Paula and Eustochium of Rome, Monastics and Scholars, 404 and c.419 29 SAINT MICHAEL AND ALL ANGELS 30 Jerome, Priest and Scholar, 420
OCTOBER
1 Therese of Lisieux, Monastic, 1898 23 John Raleigh Mott, Ecumenist and Missionary, 1955 4 Francis of Assisi, Friar and Deacon, 1226 567 Birgitta of Sweden, Mystic and Prophetic Witness, 1373 89 Vida Dutton Scudder, Educator, 1954 10 11 Philip, Deacon and Evangelist 12
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13 14 Samuel Isaac Joseph Schereschewsky and Channing Moore Williams, Bishops and Missionaries, 1906 and 1910
15 Teresa of Avila, Mystic and Monastic Reformer, 1582 16 Hugh Latimer and Nicholas Ridley, Bishops and Martyrs, 1555 17 Ignatius of Antioch, Bishop and Martyr, c.115 18 SAINT LUKE THE EVANGELIST 19 Henry Martyn, Priest and Missionary, 1812 20 21 22 23 SAINT JAMES OF JERUSALEM, BROTHER OF OUR LORD JESUS CHRIST 24 25 Tabitha (Dorcas) of Joppa 26 Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Scholar and Social Reformer, 1902 27 28 SAINT SIMON AND SAINT JUDE, Apostles 29 Mary of Qidun, Monastic, 4th century 30
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NOVEMBER
1 ALL SAINTS 2 ALL SOULS/ALL THE FAITHFUL DEPARTED 3 Richard Hooker, Priest and Theologian, 1600 456 William Temple, Archbishop of Canterbury, 1944 78 Ammonius, Hermit, 4th century 910 11 Martin of Tours, Bishop, 397 12 13 14 The Consecration of Samuel Seabury, 1784 15 Herman of Alaska, Missionary, 1837 16 Margaret of Scotland, Queen, 1093
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17 Elizabeth of Hungary, Princess, 1231 18 Hilda of Whitby, Abbess, 680 19 Mechthilde of Hackeborn and Gertrude the Great, Mystics, 1298 and 1302 20 21 22 Clive Staples Lewis, Apologist and Spiritual Writer, 1963 23 24 Catherine of Alexandria, Barbara of Nicomedia, and Margaret of Antioch, Martyrs c.305 25 James Otis Sargent Huntington, Monastic and Priest, 1935 26 Sojourner Truth, Liberator and Prophetic Witness, 1883 27 28 Kamehameha and Emma of Hawaii, King and Queen, 1864 and 1885
29 30 SAINT ANDREW THE APOSTLE
DECEMBER
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1 Charles de Foucauld, Monastic and Martyr, 1916 2 Nicholas Ferrar, Deacon, 1637 3 Francis Xavier, Priest and Missionary, 1552 4 John of Damascus, Priest and Theologian, c.760 5 Clement of Alexandria, Priest and Theologian, c.210 6 Nicholas of Myra, Bishop, c. 342 7 Ambrose of Milan, Bishop and Theologian, 397 8910 11 12 Francis de Sales, Bishop, and Jane de Chantal, Monastic, Workers of Charity, 1622 and 1641 13 Lucy of Syracuse, Martyr, 304 14 John of the Cross, Mystic and Monastic Reformer, 1591 15 Nino of Georgia, Missionary, c.332 16 17 Dorothy Sayers, Apologist and Spiritual Writer, 1957 18
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19 20 Katharina von Bora, Church Reformer, 1552 21 SAINT THOMAS THE APOSTLE 22 23 24 25 THE NATIVITY OF OUR LORD JESUS CHRIST 26 SAINT STEPHEN, DEACON AND MARTYR 27 SAINT JOHN, APOSTLE AND EVANGELIST 28 HOLY INNOCENTS 29 Thomas Becket, Archbishop of Canterbury and Martyr, 1170 30 31 Frances Joseph Gaudet, Educator and Social Reformer, 1934
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Movable Feasts and Fasts (Excluding Sundays)
Ember Days: Book of Common Prayer pp. 205-206 and 256-257 Ash Wednesday: Book of Common Prayer pp. 264-269 Maundy Thursday: Book of Common Prayer pp. 274-275 and Book of Occasional Services pp.xx-xx
Good Friday: Book of Common Prayer pp. 276-282 Holy Saturday: Book of Common Prayer p. 283 Rogation Days: Book of Occasional Services pp. xx-xx Ascension Day: Book of Common Prayer p.174 and p. 226 Thanksgiving Day: Book of Common Prayer p.194 and p. 246
Table of Movable Feasts and Fasts
- 2018
- 2019
- 2020
- 2021
- 2022
Ash Wednesday Spring Ember Days
Feb. 14 Feb. 21 Feb. 23 Feb. 24 Mar. 29 Mar. 30 Mar. 31 May 7 May 8 May 9 May 10 May 23 May 25
- Mar. 6
- Feb. 26
Mar. 4 Mar. 6 Mar. 7 Apr. 9 Apr. 10 Apr. 11 May 18 May 19 May 20 May 21 June 3 June 5
Feb. 17 Feb. 24 Feb. 26 Feb. 27 Apr. 1 Apr. 2 Apr. 3 May 10 May 11 May 12 May 13 June 26 June 28
Mar. 2
- Mar. 9
- Mar. 13
Mar. 15 Mar. 16 Apr. 18 Apr. 19 Apr. 20 May 27 May 28 May 29 May 30 June 12 June 14
Mar. 11 Mar. 12 Apr. 14 Apr. 15 Apr. 16 May 23 May 24 May 25 May 26 May 8
Maundy Thursday Good Friday Holy Saturday Rogation Days
Ascension Day Summer Ember Days
May 10
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