IAWHP2014 the Right to [World] Heritage Conference Proceedings
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The Right to [World] Heritage Conference Proceedings Editor Ona Vileikis Ona Vileikis (Editor) The Right to [World] Heritage CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS International Conference organized by the IAWHP e.V. October 23-25, 2014 BTU Cottbus-Senftenberg, Germany Cover photo: Children in Bukhara, Uzbekistan ©UNESCO Office in Tashkent ISBN 978-3-00-047536-8 Organized by: Supporting Institutions: Editor: Ona Vileikis ISBN: 978-3-00-047536-8 www.iawhp.com Foreword Session 1 – Heritage and Power, Session 2 The Conference “The Right to [World] – Heritage in Armed Conflict and Session 3 – Heritage” at the BTU Cottbus-Senftenberg Heritage for Everybody. These proceedings are T– October 23-25, 2014 is the third event the compilation of papers presented during the organized by the International Association conference as oral or poster presentation. of World Heritage Professionals (IAWHP) e.V. The main aim of IAWHP e.V. is to provide Thanks goes to the German Academic an institutional basis for the alumni of Exchange Service (DAAD) for funding; the Chair BTU’s World Heritage Studies Programme of Civil Law and Public Law with References to and other heritage professionals with the Law of Europe and the Environment at BTU related expertise to allow them to promote Cottbus-Senftenberg for their support. Thanks the protection of heritage sites worldwide, also goes to the current IAWHP e.V. Board, especially those which are inscribed on especially to Khrystyna Shakhmatova, for her UNESCO’s World Heritage List. outstanding work as conference coordinator and Henry Crescini, our vice-president and To achieve this goal, the IAWHP e.V. my right hand in Cottbus; Naomi Deegan and undertakes activities such as this Emily Hamilton for proof-reading the texts; and conference to maintain professional finally to all authors who made this publication networks and encourage the protection, possible with their contributions. conservation and management of tangible and intangible heritage. This time the event I hope you will enjoy this publication. offers a platform for (young) professionals to present their work and discuss new trends Ona Vileikis –President IAWHP e.V. (2012 – 2014) in the field of [World] Heritage under three different thematic sessions: Conference Proceedings The Right to [World] Heritage, BTU Cottbus -Senftenberg 2014 1 Conference Concept Aims The conference “The Right to [World] Heritage” aims to discuss pressing questions and to find new solutions with regards to [World] Heritage as human rights in the context of existing international agreements and conventions. The International Association of World Heritage Professionals (IAWHP) e.V. is T Currents laws shall be discussed and new organising a WHS Alumni Conference on initiatives shall be started, especially under the “The Right to [World] Heritage” to be held in aspects of further inclusion of civil society as BTU Cottbus from 23rd-25th October 2014. well as the use of new information technologies. This WHS Alumni Conference is the third of a series of events and activities being The role of [World] Heritage in the struggle planned by the IAWHP e.V. since its official between modern political systems is of central recognition as a non-profit organisation by importance to this topic. German Law in 2010. Amongst others, the significance of the Supported by the German Academic objects listed by UNESCO for democracy Exchange Service (DAAD) and the Chair of and its promotion around the world will be Civil Law and Public Law with References analyzed. More recently, the question whether to the Law of Europe and the Environment the symbols of old totalitarian regimes such -BTU Cottbus-Senftenberg, the conference as the royal palaces of Abomy in Benin, the aims to bring together a wide range of Giza pyramids in Egypt or the ruins of Hatra academics, professionals and practitioners in Iraq are as “valuable” as “democratic” World specialzied in World Heritage as well as Heritage properties, such as the Independence other associated fields to contribute to the Hall in the U.S.A., New Lanark in the United ongoing discussion about the role of the Kingdom, or the Berlin Modernism Housing World Heritage Convention in promoting Estates in Germany. This includes a discussion sustainable development. about whether the status of a World Heritage property should be dependent on its political background. Furthermore, the aspects of heritage in areas of conflict as well as the heritage of minorities the inclusion of local communities will be highlighted, which is often particularly endangered and needs effective protection. Conference Proceedings The Right to [World] Heritage, BTU Cottbus -Senftenberg 2014 2 Session 1: Heritage and Session 3: Heritage for Power Everybody This session focuses on the basic links This session include presentations and the between the cultural and natural heritage discussion on the question whether [World] and power. Cultural sites are immediate Heritage can be interpreted as human right. symbols of power, for example fortresses, This session focuses on a theoretical analysis churches or palaces. The use of the heritage of “heritage” and “human rights” as legal terms is (or was) often also a privilege of a powerful in the sense of the conventions with a diversity elite. Thus, the more powerful a leader or of case studies Uzbekistan, Bangladesh, elite, the larger are (were) for example their Australia, Colombia, Canada, Germany, India, residences or graves, which again make Nepal, Kenya, Liberia, Somaliland, Uganda and them unique. Within this topic the right to France. highlighting the role of the conventions heritage is discussed from a historic as for heritage protection. well as from a current political perspective. The speakers present case studies from The presentations deal with questions of Romania, Israel, Italy, Spain, Macedonia, ownership and responsibility for the “heritage Germany, Cameroon and France to highlight as global commons” Answering questions such who are (and were) the actors and decision as: where are the links between the global level makers in the areas of cultural and natural and the local level (the location) of the heritage? heritage protection. how are responsibilities divided between political decision makers, the global public and Session 2: Heritage in the local population – the immediate “owners” of the heritage? and the inclusion of the civil Armed Conϔlict society in questions concerning the protection of the cultural and natural. This session deals with the protection of the cultural and natural heritage in areas of war and crisis. The destruction of cultural sites due to smuggling and illicit trade of cultural objects, religious fanaticism or even simple ignorance always presents a real danger to heritage. This session therefore analyze the efficiency of existing international instruments for the protection of heritage in times of crisis such as the UNESCO 1954 Hague Convention and its two (1954 and 1999) Protocols as well as the international “Blue Shield” committee. It is illustrated by case studies from Ukraine, Syria, Pakistan, Vietnam, Egypt and Afghanistan. Conference Proceedings The Right to [World] Heritage, BTU Cottbus -Senftenberg 2014 3 Table of Contents Session 1 Heritage and Power Oral Presentations Value Creation Mechanisms and the Heritisation of the Communist Legacy in Romania: Laura Demeter (Institute for Advanced Studies Lucca) .............................. 8 Who Owns the Heritage? The Case of Haifa’s Hadar Neighbourhood: Tzafrir Fainholtz (Faculty of Architecture and Town Planning. The Technion – Israel Institute of Technology) .......................................................................................................... 21 Comparative Study between La Reggia di Venaria Reale and Palacio Real de Aranjuez: Elitsa Bozhkova (Universidad de Valencia) .............................................. 44 The Response of the Changing Powers and the Transformation of the Pre-Existing Architectural Heritage: The Case of Plaosnik in Ohrid: Martin Efremovski, Ona Vileikis and Sanja Taseva (Raymond Lemaire International Centre for Conservation (RLICC), University of Leuven) ................................................................................. 60 Poster Presentations Public Participation in Heritage Management in Cameroon: Nkengla Lilian Wopong (Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg) ................................ 81 Palace of Versailles UNESCO Heritage Site: Survivor of the French Revolution: Denise Maior-Barron (Plymouth University) .............................................................. 94 Session 2 Heritage in Armed Conflict Oral Presentations The Role of Artistic Activities in Safeguarding and Promoting Syrian Heritage in Conflict: Sepideh Zarrin Ghalam (Brandenburg Technical University Cottbus- Senftenberg) and Damoun Vahabi Moghaddam (Technical University of Berlin) ... 115 Conference Proceedings The Right to [World] Heritage, BTU Cottbus ‐Senftenberg 2014 4 Conservation and Development: Pakistan Conservation Challenge: Carla Biagioli (Raymond Lemaire International Centre for Conservation (RLICC), University of Leuven) and Luca Maria Olivieri (Archaeology, Community, Tourism - Field School Project -Director Italian Archaeological Mission in Pakistan). In collaboration with: Abdur Rauf Yousafzai (Freelance Journalist) and Fazal Khaliq (“The Tribune Express” journalist - “Morning Post “ Editor) ........................................................... 129 Poster Presentations Why