Annotated Bibliographies; *Austro
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J. Collins Malay Dialect Research in Malysia: the Issue of Perspective
J. Collins Malay dialect research in Malysia: The issue of perspective In: Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde 145 (1989), no: 2/3, Leiden, 235-264 This PDF-file was downloaded from http://www.kitlv-journals.nl Downloaded from Brill.com09/28/2021 12:15:07AM via free access JAMES T. COLLINS MALAY DIALECT RESEARCH IN MALAYSIA: THE ISSUE OF PERSPECTIVE1 Introduction When European travellers and adventurers began to explore the coasts and islands of Southeast Asia almost five hundred years ago, they found Malay spoken in many of the ports and entrepots of the region. Indeed, today Malay remains an important indigenous language in Malaysia, Indonesia, Brunei, Thailand and Singapore.2 It should not be a surprise, then, that such a widespread and ancient language is characterized by a wealth of diverse 1 Earlier versions of this paper were presented to the English Department of the National University of Singapore (July 22,1987) and to the Persatuan Linguistik Malaysia (July 23, 1987). I would like to thank those who attended those presentations and provided valuable insights that have contributed to improving the paper. I am especially grateful to Dr. Anne Pakir of Singapore and to Dr. Nik Safiah Karim of Malaysia, who invited me to present a paper. I am also grateful to Dr. Azhar M. Simin and En. Awang Sariyan, who considerably enlivened the presentation in Kuala Lumpur. Professor George Grace and Professor Albert Schiitz read earlier drafts of this paper. I thank them for their advice and encouragement. 2 Writing in 1881, Maxwell (1907:2) observed that: 'Malay is the language not of a nation, but of tribes and communities widely scattered in the East.. -
Tagalog Support for Languagetool
Tagalog Support for LanguageTool Nathaniel Oco Allan Borra De La Salle University - Manila De La Salle University - Manila 2401 Taft Avenue Malate, Manila City 2401 Taft Avenue Malate, Manila City 1004 Metro Manila, Philippines 1004 Metro manila, Philippines +639178477549 +639174591073 [email protected] [email protected] ABSTRACT 25, 2011, already includes Tagalog support. This paper outlines the different processes and issues involved in Aside from Tagalog, LanguageTool also supports Asturian, adding a Tagalog support for LanguageTool. LanguageTool is an Belarusian, Breton, Catalan, Chinese, Czech, Danish, Dutch, open-source rule-based style and grammar checker that English, Esperanto, French, Galician, Icelandic, Italian, Khmer, implements a manual-based rule-creation approach. Details of the Lithuanian, Malayalam, Polish, Russian, Slovak, Slovenian, different LanguageTool resources are discussed in this paper. The Spanish, Swedish, Ukrainian, and Romanian. different linguistic considerations, technical considerations, and language properties of Tagalog – that were captured and handled This paper aims to explain the processes and issues involved in – are also discussed and outlined. The system was tested using 50 adding a new language support – Tagalog support – for correct and 50 incorrect sentences collected from different LanguageTool. sources. LanguageTool processed the correct sentences in 53 milliseconds and the incorrect sentences in 80 milliseconds. The 2. GRAMMAR CHECKING Tagalog support scored 95.83% for precision, 46% for recall, and Grammar Checking is the process of detecting if there is error in 72% for accuracy. an input. Mark Johnson [Johnson, personal communication] added that grammar checking entails locating where the error is Categories and Subject Descriptors and notifying the user about the error. -
Cebuano Grammar Notes Jessie Grace U. Rubrico
Cebuano Grammar Notes Jessie Grace U. Rubrico 1. Cebuano phonemes Sixteen consonants and three vowels constitute the segmental phonemes of the Cebuano language, while stress and length constitute its suprasegmentals. 1.1 Consonants according to their points of articulation Bilabial Labio-velar Alveolar Palatal Velar Glottal / p / / t / / k / / ? / / b / / d / / g / / m / / n / / ? / / s / / h / / w / / l / / r / / y / 1.2 Vowels according to tongue advancement (1) and position (2), lip rounding (3). (1) Front Central Back / i / /u/ (2) High [ i ] [u] (3) mid [ I ] [o] (3) low / a / Phoneme /i/ has two phonetic representations, [i] and [I] which freely alternate. The phoneme /u/ has also two allophones which may be considered to be in complementary distribution, to wit: / u / [ u ] / ___ C# Example: ug, uy! [ o ] / (V) C___# Example: ko, mo, ako, imo 1.3 Suprasegmentals. Stress and Vowel length are phonemic in Cebuano. 1.3.1 Stress. Cebuano lexical items may be accented: a) on the penultimate vowel as in dayon , unya, ligo; b) on the final vowel as in dayón, walá, sukád; c) on both vowels in a two-syllable word, if these vowels are glottal as in sab-?a; ?ak-?ak; d) the position of the stress on the stem (i.e., final or penult) is retained when suffixation is applied as in palit > palitan e) in word reduplication, the stress of the base is carried over as primary stress on the second component while the initial component gets the secondary stress. Example, gamaygamay, hinayhinay f) the glottal stress - whether in the initial, medial, or final position- is retained whenever affixation is applied. -
Shanghai's Appetizers, Soups, Entrées, Sauces Are All Homemade And
Shanghai’s appetizers, soups, entrées, sauces are all homemade and every entrée is individually prepared (required extra time) to ensure freshness and quality. Thank you for allowing us to bring you the foods from our culture. We strive to provide the finest Vietnamese cuisine by using ingredients of the highest quality, cooked with skill and finesse, an excellent dining experience and a warm and friendly atmosphere. #1 SPRING ROLLS 1. SPRING ROLLS (2) ― GOI CUON * Fresh herbs, vegetables, rice noodles and your choice ingredients as followed wrapped in rice paper, served with our very own peanut sauce (X sauce 1.00). A. Shrimp and Pork ― Tom va Thit Heo. 7.00 B. Grilled Pork ― Thit Nuong. 6.00 C. Vegetables ― Rau. 6.00 D. Imitation Crab Meat ―Thi Cua Gia. 6.00 # 4 CALAMARI E. Fried Tofu ― Dau Phu Chien. 6.00 2. REFER TO NUMBER 8 3. VIETNAMESE EGG ROLLS (2) ― CHA GIO A combination of taro, clear noodles, carrot, tree ears mushroom and ground pork all mingle together with a savory flavor and deep fried to perfection. 6.00 4. CALAMARI ― MUC TAM BOT Lightly seasoned squid, breaded with our special extra light batter and fried to perfection. 9.00 #5 SPRIMP IN A BLANKET 5. SHRIMP IN A BLANKET (6) ― TOM CHIEN Seasoned shrimp wrapped with a thin crust and fried to perfection our very own lime sauce. 9.00 6. VEGETABLE TEMPURA ― RAU CHIEN TAM BOT Fresh vegetables deep fried with an extra light batter and served with our very own Tempura sauce. 9.00 7. -
The Nineteenth-Century Thomist from the Far East:
The Nineteenth-Century Thomist from theF ar East: Cardinal Zeferino González, OP (1831–1894) Levine Andro H. Lao1 Center for Theology, Religious Studies and Ethics University of Santo Tomás, Manila, Philippines Abstract: In light of the celebration of the five centuries of Christianity in the Philippines, this article hopes to reintroduce Fr. Zeferino González, OP, to scholars of Church history, philosophy, and cultural heritage. He was an alumnus of the University of Santo Tomás, a Cardinal, and a champion of the revival of Catholic Philosophy that led to the promulgation of Leo XIII’s encyclical Aeterni Patris. Specifically, this essay presents, firstly, the Cardinal’s biography in the context of his experience as a missionary in the Philippines; secondly, the intellectual tradition in Santo Tomás in Manila, which he carried with him until his death; and lastly, some reasons for his once-radiant memory to slip into an undeserved forgetfulness. Keywords: Zeferino González, Thomism in Asia, Aeterni Patris, Christian Philosophy, History of Philosophy n the 1880s, the University of Santo Tomás had two grand celebrations that were associated with Fr. Zeferino González, OP (1831–1894). The first pompous festivity was held in 1880 when the University received Pope Leo XIII’s encyclical Aeterni Patris;2 the second was when Fray Zeferino (as how I1 Levine Andro Hernandez Lao can be contacted at [email protected]. He teaches at the Ecclesiastical Faculty of Philosophy, University of Santo Tomas, Manila. https://orcid.org/0000- 0002-1136-2432. This study was funded by the 2020 National Research Award given by the National Commission for Culture and Arts (Philippines). -
Pho Châu Served with Steam Rice Pho Châu 2C
VEGETARIAN LOW CARB Healthy Choices !!! PLATTERS Delicious 1C. Pan Egg Noodles Stir-Fried with Tofu & Veggies $7.99 A delightful variety of fresh Vegetables and Tofu stir-fried to perfection in a flavorful brown sauce. Crunchy Peanuts is on top Pho Châu Served with Steam Rice Pho Châu 2C. Crispy Noodles Stir-Fried with Tofu & Veggies $7.99 Vietnamese Noodle House A delightful variety of fresh Vegetables and Tofu stir-fried to perfection in a flavorful brown sauce. Crunchy Peanuts is on Vietnamese Noodle 1640 W. Mockingbird Lane 3C. Vegetarian Delight $7.59 Dallas, Texas 75235 A delightful variety of fresh Vegetables stir-fried to House perfection in a flavorful brown sauce. Crunchy Peanuts is on top. Served with Steam Rice Lemon Ave 35E 4C. Low Carbohydrate Plates N IMPIRE CENTRAL A delightful variety of fresh Vegetables stir-fried to perfec- tion in a flavorful brown sauce. Vegetables including Cab- bage, Broccoli, Carrots, Bell Pepper, Onions, and Bean Oakbrook Blvd Sprouts. Crunchy Peanuts is on top $7.99 Harry Hines Choices: Grilled Chicken, Pork, or Beef. $8.99 183 Combo Meat or Grilled Shrimps Mockingbird Ln Mockingbird Ln SANDWICHES IHOP To Love Field Airport 1F. Grilled Meat sandwich stuffed with Lettuce, Pho Châu Vietnamese Noodle We do CATERING for any Cucumber, Cilantro, Mayo & Jalapenos. $3.99 Choice: Grilled Chicken or Pork or Beef $4.99 Occasion Pepper Steak INWOOD Business Hours 35 E Harry Hines Lemon Ave Monday-Friday 09:30AM-8:00PM BLENDED SMOOTHIES Saturday & Sunday Closed 9S. Boba Tea $3.29 1640 W. Mockingbird Lane 10S. Sour Sop— Sinh TÓ Mãng CÀu $3.29 1640 W. -
Dissertations, Department of Linguistics
UC Berkeley Dissertations, Department of Linguistics Title Reflexivization: A Study in Universal Syntax Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3sv079tk Author Faltz, Leonard M Publication Date 1977 eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California INFORMATION TO USERS This material was produced from a microfilm copy of the original document. While the most advanced technological means to photograph end reproduce this document have been used, the quality is heavily dependent upon the quality of the original submitted. The following explanation of techniques is provided to help you understand markings or patterns which may appear on this reproduction. 1. The sign or "target" for pages apparently lacking from the document photographed is "Missing Page(s)". If it was possible to obtain the missing page(s) or section, they are spliced into the film along with adjacent pages. This may have necessitated cutting thru an image and duplicating adjacent pages to insure you complete continuity. 2. When an image on the film is obliterated with a large round black mark, it is an indication that the photographer suspected that the copy may have moved during exposure and thus cause a blurred image. You will finda good image of the page in the adjacent frame. 3. When a map, drawing or chart, etc., was part of the material being photographed the photographer followed a definite method in "sectioning" the material. It is customary to begin photoing at the upper left hand corner of a large sheet and to continue photoing from left to right in equal sections with a small overlap. -
Phrase Structure and Grammatical Relations in Tagalog
Phrase Structure and Grammatical Relations in Tagalog Paul R. Kroeger Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Linguistics Stanford University August, 1991 (Note: some corrections and other minor editorial changes are included in this version, but the list of references has unfortunately been lost.) Abstract This dissertation presents an analysis of Tagalog within the framework of Lexical-Functional Grammar. Tagalog is a non-configurational language in which the grammatical subject does not occupy a unique structural position. Nevertheless, the grammar of Tagalog makes crucial reference to the notion of grammatical subjecthood. This fact shows that grammatical subjecthood cannot be defined in terms of a specified position in surface phrase structure. More generally, the Tagalog data shows that grammatical relations must be defined independently of phrase structure, semantic structure and pragmatic functions, strongly supporting a conception of linguistic structure in which these various kinds of information are modeled as independent subsystems of the grammar. A large number of syntactic tests are presented which uniquely identify the nominative argument as the grammatical subject. It is argued that the apparent ambiguity of subjecthood properties in Tagalog is due to the Actor’s semantic and pragmatic prominence, together with the fact that non-subject Actors are always terms (non-oblique arguments) in Tagalog, unlike passive agents in English. Evidence is presented which shows that the nominative argument does not have the properties of a “topic”, as it is frequently analyzed, whether this concept is defined in terms of discourse continuity or pragmatic function. Crucial evidence for the non-configurationality of Tagalog comes from rules governing the co-reference of personal pronouns and the position of clitic elements. -
Title: 'Food Is Political': 6 Provocative Anthony Bourdain Quotes Date of Publication: June 2 2017 Author: Romsanne Ortiguer
Title: ‘Food is political’: 6 provocative Anthony Bourdain quotes Date of publication: June 2 2017 Author: Romsanne Ortiguero Name of publication: http://www.interaksyon.com/food-is-political-6-provocative-anthony- bourdain-quotes/ The second day of the ongoing Jamboree at the World Street Food Congress (WSFC) concluded with palpable excitement as food and travel celebrity Anthony Bourdain made an appearance, stopping at each stall, and having a short chat with star-struck chefs and stall owners. Going from one stall to the next became a hurdle as Bourdain, with WSFC founder KF Seetoh, surrounded by over 10 members of the security team, was welcomed by fans who were all trying to get a photo or autograph of the celebrity chef. Stopping by at the Philippine stalls, he got to enjoy a serving of la paz batchoy (noodle soup with pork liver, beef loin, pork cracklings, and egg) prepared by Iloilo’s Chef Rafael jardeleza; sisig paella of Pampanga’s Chef Sau Del Rosario; as well as isaw (grilled pork or chicken intestines) prepared by Chef JP Anglo of Sarsa, who is serving Bacolod fare at the Jamboree. Apart from the food tastings, Bourdain concluded the two-day Dialogue at the congress with a talk on the importance of street food and its preservation; as well as his some of his plans on the upcoming Bourdain Market in New York. “Street food in particular is important. First of all, it is a practical matter.The number one determining factor for an American tourist to decide on where are they going to spend their tourism dollar, one answer is the food. -
100 Best Cheap Eats
100 BEST CHEAP EATS Deep-dish slice Roast beef and brie sandwich Singapore noodles Currywurst 1 26 51 76 DOUBLE D’S SANAGAN’S MEAT LOCKER NOODLE DELIGHT OTTO’S BERLIN DÖNER $6. 1020 GERRARD ST. E., 416-727-5411. $6. 176 BALDWIN ST., 416-593-9747. $8.35. 2555 VICTORIA PARK AVE., 416-492-9734. $8.95 fOR A smALL. 256 AUGUSTA AVE., $7. 1256 DUNDAS ST. W., 416-901-5499. 647-347-7713. Heart and liver kebabs Pork souvlaki 52 The spicy classic 27 ARZON SUPER MARKET Nanban chicken box 2 FLORIDA GREEK RESTAURANT 77 P.G CLUCKS $4.50. 940 PAPE AVE., 416-422-2567. $2.99 eACH. 6103–6107 YONGE ST., 416-222-4726. GUSHI $7. 610 COLLEGE ST., 647-925-2226. $10. 707 DUNDAS ST. W., 647-569-7070. Malaysian street noodles Palak paneer Smoked salmon and cream 28 53 Porchetta sandwich 3 ONe 2 sNACKS KING PLACE 78 cheese bagel $9.49. 231 SHERBOURNE ST., 647-352-0786. CARVER $7. 8 GLEN WATFORD DR., UNIt 26, 647-340-7099. THE BAGEL HOUSE $8.95. 101 PETER ST., 647-748-1924. $6.99. 1548 BAYVIEW AVE.; PLUS FOUR Sausage roll OTHER GTA LOCATIONS, 416-481-8184. Original fried chicken 54 29 BRICK STREET BAKERY Curried chicken noodles HOT STAR LARGE FRIED CHICKEN 79 $9.99. 374A YONGE ST., 647-748-6660. $3. 27 TRINITY ST., 416-690-9100; PHO MI VIET THAI Meat roti PLUS THREE OTHER GTA LOCATIONS. $7.50. 2354 MAJOR MAcKENZIE DR., 4 QUALITY BAKERY MAPLE, 905-417-5284. $2.50. 1221 MARKHAM RD., 416-431-9829. -
Culture Wine Country Hells Canyon
THE NORTHWEST Discery DESTINATION LEWIS CLARK VALLEY LEWISTON, IDAHO | CLARKSTON, WASHINGTON Lewis-Clark Valley AVA WINE COUNTRY THE ONE Lewis-Clark Valley AVA TO WATCH IN 2020 CULTURE PAGE 36 Indulge in Our Rich History HELLS CANYON North America’s Deepest River Gorge 2020 OFFICIAL VISITORS’ GUIDE VISIT US AT WWW.VISITLCVALLEY.COM Vacation packages & special rates Quay Restaurant, Lounge and Convention Center Full service amenities Registered guests receive full breakfast Driving range, pro shop 2 WWW.VISITLCVALLEY.COM STAY . RELax. Eat. Drink. Celebrate. MEET. RENOVATED HOTEL 2 ONSITE RESTAURANTS 2 POOLS + FITNESS/SPA 25, 000SQ. FT. EVENT SPACE 621 21st St, Lewiston, ID 83501 | redlion.com/lewiston | 208.799.1000 Extended Stay? Welcome. 34 NEWLY RENOVATED EXTENDED STAY ROOMS EVERY ROOM EQUIPPED WITH KITCHENETTE LOCATED WITHIN WALKING DISTANCE OF DINING, SHOPPING & FITNESS CENTER WITH POOL 701 21st St, Lewiston, ID 83501 208.746.6183 seaportinnandsuites.com THE OFFICIAL LEWIS CLARK VALLEY VISITOR GUIDE | 2020 3 VISITOR GUIDE CONTENTS TRAVEL EXPERTS GUIDES Find your fishing, EVENT PLANNING 7 Chamber of Commerce, 22 jet boat, whitewater rafting, 46 Discover caterers and event Visitor Information and aviation experts. centers. Centers, and Development Organizations. HISTORY, ARTS, AND LODGING 24 ENTERTAINMENT 48 Choose the perfect night WELCOME TO THE A special flair for art and stay. 8 LEWIS-CLARK VALLEY culture add yet another Get away, unplug, and build spice to the mix. memories to last a lifetime. EVENTS Indulge in many y DESTINATION Discer DISCOVER 28 unique and specialized THE NORTHWEST ALLEY CLARK V 10 DOWNTOWN events in our valley. LEWISLEWISTON, IDAHO | CLARKSTON, WASHINGTON Culture, shopping, libations, and restaurants. -
Summer-Canteen-Menu.Pdf
summercanteen Appetizers Soups ISAAN SAUSAGE 8.5 SPICY & SOUR CHICKEN SOUP [tom-yum] 7.5 Classic north-eastern Thailand appetizer. Kaffir leaves, galangal, chilis, lime juice, and tomatoes. GRILLED PORK BUTT 9.5 SPICY COCONUT MILK CHICKEN SOUP [tom-kha] 7.5 Garlic and cilantro marinade. Coconut milk, lime leaves, galangal, chilis, and cilantro. SUMMER ROLL 8.5 VEGETABLE DUMPLING SOUP 7 Shrimp, vermicelli rice noodles, fresh herbs wrapped in Vegetarian dumplings in clear vegetable soup. wafer-thin rice paper. CHICKEN SATAY 10.5 With peanut sauce and cucumber salad. Salads LEAF-WRAPPED SAVORY NIBBLES [miang-kham] 9.5 THAI BEEF SALAD WITH NOODLE & MANGO 14.5 Shrimp, spinach leaves, ginger, peanuts, lemon skin, chilis, Grilled rib eye, cashew nuts, mango, tomatoes, mint and grated coconut, and minced shallots w/ tamarind caramel. spicy dressing. MUSSELS WITH LEMONGRASS 11 BURMESE TEA LEAF SALAD 11.75 Kaffir, lemongrass, basil, and herb-seasoned broth served Homemade pickled tea leaves, peanuts, cashew nuts, with chili sauce. pumpkin seeds, sunflower seeds, dried shrimp, tomatoes, fried garlic, sesame seeds, and lettuce. CRISPY CRAB & SHRIMP ON SOY PAPER [hoy-jo] 10.5 Crab meat & shrimp, coriander root, water chestnuts, and GREEN PAPAYA & SHRIMP SALAD [som-tum] 10.5 white wine served with sweet & sour sauce. Shrimp, roasted peanuts, tomatoes, string beans, chilis, and palm sugar with spicy lime juice dressing. SALMON KHAM WAN 13 Salmon sashimi, crunchy broccoli and carrot batons, served GREEN SALAD WITH PEANUT DRESSING 8 with zesty Thai chili-lime dipping sauce. Cucumber, tomatoes, broccoli, pineapple, onion, bell peppers, and shallots with peanut dressing.