DOCSLIB.ORG

Poster Listings

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Poster Listings Posters A-Z Aiyar, Prasad Influence of biotic and abiotic factors on intracellular calcium profile in 53 the green unicellular algae Chlamydomonas reinhardtii Alacid, Elisabet Parasitoid-host interactions: Parvilucifera sinerae killing dinoflagellates, 54 from the cell to the field Alcolombri, Uria Smell of the sea: Identification of the algal dimethyl sulfide releasing 55 enzyme Alexander, Harriet Nutrient pulses uniquely drive physiological ecology of cosmopolitan 56 phytoplankton strains Antoine-Lorquin, Aymeric Logol : Expressive Pattern Matching in sequences 57 Arndt, Hartmut Deep-sea benthic microeukaryotes: A plea for morphological and 58 ecological studies as a necessary addition to metagenomics and a proposal for a concerted study across the oceans Arroyo, Alicia Diversity of the micrometazoan phyla Acoelomorpha in diverse marine 59 environments: a metabarcoding approach Ashworth, Justin Integration, clustering and systems biology of [diatom] transcriptome 60 data Beisser, Daniela Comparative Transcriptome Analysis of 18 Chrysophyceae Species 61 Bellaaj Zouari, Amel Contribution of Chlorophyta and non-Chlorophyta to the picoeukaryotic 62 community in the Gulf of Gabès (Eastern Mediterranean Sea) Page 17 EMBO | EMBL Symposium: A New Age of Discovery for Aquatic Microeukaryotes Bendif, El Mahdi When the Cheshire Cat meets Gaia: puzzling speciation and adaptive 63 patterns in the Gephyrocapsa complex Berdjeb, Lyria Marine eukaryote network revealed by high frequency temporal survey 64 in the San Pedro Ocean Time-Series station Berney, Cédric UniEuk: a universal taxonomic framework and integrated reference gene 65 databases for eukaryotic biology, ecology, and evolution Bhardwaj, Vaibhav Investigating algae-bacteria symbiosis using a vitamin B12 dependent 66 alga Bigalke, Arite Autoinduced cell death of the diatom C. didymus in the context of its 67 bacterial community Bittner, Lucie Plankton networks driving carbon export in the oligotrophic ocean 68 Blanc-Mathieu, Romain Population Genomics of Phytoplankton: Ostreococcus tauri 69 (Chlorophyta, Mamiellophyceae) as a case study Bock, Christina Planktonic diversity of Austrian lakes: pattern in eukaryotic protist 70 distribution on a seasonal and geographic scale Boenigk, Jens Deep-sequencing reveals nutritional differentiation as driver for the 71 establishment and maintenance of biodiversity Bondoc, Karen Grace Structuring benthic biofilm communities: movement of the diatom 72 Seminavis robusta towards nutrient and pheromone sources Bones, Atle Examples of integrated analysis of phosphorus depletion responses in 73 diatoms and green marine algae Page 18 Posters A-Z Brakel, Janina Eelgrass and its endophyte Labyrinthula zosterae - Amity or Enmity? 74 Caputo, Andrea Morphological and phylogenetic diversity of symbiotic open ocean 75 diatoms Casacuberta, Elena Presenter: Aresté, Cristina Developing new model organisms among marine holozoans, the closest 76 unicellular relatives of animals Chappell, Phoebe Using Comparative Transcriptomics and Database Mining to Develop 77 Molecular Markers for Iron Limitation in Diatoms Chatzinotas, Antonis Multiple predation by protists, phage and BALOs affect anti-predation 78 strategies and co-existence of bacterial prey Chiang, Tony Rapid Global Dispersal Follows a Loss of Sexual Reproduction in a 79 Marine Eukaryotic Microbe Cleves, Phillip Genetics and Genomics of Cnidarian-Symbiodinium Symbiosis in a 80 Sea-Anemone Model System Colin, Sebastien High-Content Fluorescence Microscopy applied to marine protists 81 ecology Collins, James Discovery of candidate biomarkers for oxidative stress in phytoplankton 82 using a novel, rules-based lipidomics pipeline Cornejo-Corona, Ivette Analysis of the ROS activation in Botryococcus braunii under stress 83 condition with intracellular stain Czech, Lucas Evolutionary Placement of Short Reads – Methods, Applications and 84 Visualization Page 19 EMBO | EMBL Symposium: A New Age of Discovery for Aquatic Microeukaryotes D'Alelio, Domenico Defining roles in the smallest game: Towards a 'system ecology' 85 approach to study the plankton food-web del Campo, Javier EukRef. A community effort towards phylogenetic-based curation of 86 ribosomal databases for environmental sequencing Dorrell, Richard Ancient divergence, and recent diversification of peridinin dinoflagellate 87 plastid genomes Dupont, Alessandra The relative importance of evolutionary dynamics depends on the 88 composition of microbial predator-prey community Durham, Bryndan Metabolite Exchange and Signaling Between Marine Diatoms and 89 Heterotrophic Bacteria Edvardsen, Bente A global haptophyte 18S rRNA gene phylogeny including potentially 90 novel lineages, and a curated reference sequence database for taxonomic assignment of metabarcodes Ettamimi, Sara Characterization of microbial diversity in Moroccan rivers using a 91 metagenomics approach Fernández Robledo, José Transfection strategies in marine protozoans 92 Filker, Sabine Protistan plankton communities of high-mountain lakes from three 93 continents exhibit strong biogeographic patterns Fischer, Matthias Fighting fire with fire – endogenous virophages protect the heterotrophic 94 nanoflagellate Cafeteria roenbergensis from lysis by giant viruses Page 20 Posters A-Z Flegontova, Olga Patterns of diversity and distribution of kinetoplastids in the world ocean 95 Gaonkar, Chetan Exploring biodiversity of Chaetoceros (diatoms) in the Gulf of Naples, 96 Italy using High Throughput Sequencing Garvetto, Andrea Characterising novel oomycete and protist pathogens in the context of 97 harmful algal blooms Gomaa, Fatma Intracellular Bacterial Symbiosis in Genus Arcella (Arcellinids: Amoebozoa): 98 A Key Player for Adaptation to Different Environments Gonzalez Pena, Antonio Qiita: an open access microbial data analysis and visualization platform 99 Gran-Stadnczeñko, Sandra Comparing high-throughput sequencing and scanning electron 100 microscopy to investigate haptophyte communities in Oslofjorden (Skagerrak) Grattepanche, Jean-David Unexpected biodiversity of ciliates in marine samples from below the 101 photic zone Grattepanche, Jean-David Coupling molecules and morphology to discover new clades of ciliates 102 Gruber, Ansgar Intracellular reallocation of metabolic pathways in cells with complex 103 plastids Grujcic, Vesna Planktonic Betaproteobacteria - Genus Limnohabitans and 104 Polynucleobacter as a prey and carbon source for heterotrophic nanoflagellates Page 21 EMBO | EMBL Symposium: A New Age of Discovery for Aquatic Microeukaryotes Guillou, Laure The paradox of being a specialist for a parasite of marine blooming 105 dinoflagellates Guse, Annika Introduction to Aiptasia, an emerging model system for coral symbiosis 106 Hambleton, Elizabeth Dinoflagellate symbiosis with corals: putting ‘weird’ sterols to good use 107 Harke, Matthew Transcriptional profiling of phosphorus physiology in four bloom-forming 108 microbial eukaryotes Hartmann, Manuela Mixotrophy of the smallest arctic phytoplankton 109 Helliwell, Katherine Vitamin B12 cycling between aquatic microbes: cooperation versus 110 competition Hess, Sebastian Molecular mechanisms during food acquisition and gliding locomotion in 111 viridiraptorid amoeboflagellates - a transcriptomic study of Orciraptor agilis (Cercozoa, Rhizaria) Hopes, Amanda Transformation of the polar diatom Fragilariopsis cylindrus and 112 CRISPR-Cas in diatoms Hovde, Blake Genetic variation between three strains of Chlorella sorokiniana and 113 analysis of potentially beneficial commensal bacteria Hovde, Blake The genome and a 24 hour transcriptome analysis of the haptophyte 114 Chrysochromulina tobin: Fitness and importance of haptophytic algae in aquatic environments Page 22 Posters A-Z Hu, Sarah Metabolic potential of eukaryotic communities off the coast of southern 115 California Huysman, Marie Unraveling the regulatory network controlling light-dependent cell cycle 116 onset in diatoms Iudicone, Daniele Diatoms adaptation to turbulence: reviving a longstanding debate? 117 Karlson, Bengt Microscopy and high-throughput DNA sequencing gives different views 118 on the biodiversity of phyto- and microzooplankton in the Baltic Sea Kegel, Jessica Evolution of a relationship: how Ostreococcus tauri viruses circumvent 119 host resistance Kodner, Robin Impacts of expanding reference sequence databases on 120 phylogenetic-based metagenomic analysis Kohli, Gurjeet Presenter: Murray, Shauna Evolutionary trajectories of fatty acid and polyketide synthesis in 121 microbial euaryotes Krasovec, Marc Fitness effects of spontaneous mutations in stressful conditions in the 122 smallest photosynthetic eukaryotes Kroth, Peter Interactions between diatoms and bacteria in biofilms 123 Kuwata, Akira Biology of a picoeukaryotic phytoplankton, Parmales, a sister group of 124 diatoms Laeverenz Schlogelhofer, Hannah Chlamydomonas as a Vitamin B12 Sensor for the Study of 125 Algal-Bacterial Interactions Page 23 EMBO | EMBL Symposium: A New Age of Discovery for Aquatic Microeukaryotes Lambert, Stefan A survey of light and temperature effects on marine eukaryotic 126 phytoplankton bloom initiation in north western Mediterranean Sea using combined environmental monitoring and microcosm approaches Leger, Michelle An ancestral bacterial division system is widespread in eukaryotic 127 mitochondria Lewis, Jeffrey An iterative high-throughput screen to identify transformable diatom 128 species Lie, Alle Gene expression of a mixotrophic chrysophyte under different resource 129 availability
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Systema Naturae∗
    Systema Naturae∗ c Alexey B. Shipunov v. 5.802 (June 29, 2008) 7 Regnum Monera [ Bacillus ] /Bacteria Subregnum Bacteria [ 6:8Bacillus ]1 Superphylum Posibacteria [ 6:2Bacillus ] stat.m. Phylum 1. Firmicutes [ 6Bacillus ]2 Classis 1(1). Thermotogae [ 5Thermotoga ] i.s. 2(2). Mollicutes [ 5Mycoplasma ] 3(3). Clostridia [ 5Clostridium ]3 4(4). Bacilli [ 5Bacillus ] 5(5). Symbiobacteres [ 5Symbiobacterium ] Phylum 2. Actinobacteria [ 6Actynomyces ] Classis 1(6). Actinobacteres [ 5Actinomyces ] Phylum 3. Hadobacteria [ 6Deinococcus ] sed.m. Classis 1(7). Hadobacteres [ 5Deinococcus ]4 Superphylum Negibacteria [ 6:2Rhodospirillum ] stat.m. Phylum 4. Chlorobacteria [ 6Chloroflexus ]5 Classis 1(8). Ktedonobacteres [ 5Ktedonobacter ] sed.m. 2(9). Thermomicrobia [ 5Thermomicrobium ] 3(10). Chloroflexi [ 5Chloroflexus ] ∗Only recent taxa. Viruses are not included. Abbreviations and signs: sed.m. (sedis mutabilis); stat.m. (status mutabilis): s., aut i. (superior, aut interior); i.s. (incertae sedis); sed.p. (sedis possibilis); s.str. (sensu stricto); s.l. (sensu lato); incl. (inclusum); excl. (exclusum); \quotes" for environmental groups; * (asterisk) for paraphyletic taxa; / (slash) at margins for major clades (\domains"). 1Incl. \Nanobacteria" i.s. et dubitativa, \OP11 group" i.s. 2Incl. \TM7" i.s., \OP9", \OP10". 3Incl. Dictyoglomi sed.m., Fusobacteria, Thermolithobacteria. 4= Deinococcus{Thermus. 5Incl. Thermobaculum i.s. 1 4(11). Dehalococcoidetes [ 5Dehalococcoides ] 5(12). Anaerolineae [ 5Anaerolinea ]6 Phylum 5. Cyanobacteria [ 6Nostoc ] Classis 1(13). Gloeobacteres [ 5Gloeobacter ] 2(14). Chroobacteres [ 5Chroococcus ]7 3(15). Hormogoneae [ 5Nostoc ] Phylum 6. Bacteroidobacteria [ 6Bacteroides ]8 Classis 1(16). Fibrobacteres [ 5Fibrobacter ] 2(17). Chlorobi [ 5Chlorobium ] 3(18). Salinibacteres [ 5Salinibacter ] 4(19). Bacteroidetes [ 5Bacteroides ]9 Phylum 7. Spirobacteria [ 6Spirochaeta ] Classis 1(20). Spirochaetes [ 5Spirochaeta ] s.l.10 Phylum 8. Planctobacteria [ 6Planctomyces ]11 Classis 1(21).
    [Show full text]
  • Tropical Marine Invertebrates CAS BI 569 Phylum Echinodermata by J
    Tropical Marine Invertebrates CAS BI 569 Phylum Echinodermata by J. R. Finnerty Porifera Ctenophora Cnidaria Deuterostomia Ecdysozoa Lophotrochozoa Chordata Arthropoda Annelida Hemichordata Onychophora Mollusca Echinodermata *Nematoda *Platyhelminthes Acoelomorpha Calcispongia Silicispongiae PROTOSTOMIA Phylum Phylum Phylum CHORDATA ECHINODERMATA HEMICHORDATA Blastopore -> anus Radial / equal cleavage Coelom forms by enterocoely ! Protostome = blastopore contributes to the mouth blastopore mouth anus ! Deuterostome = blastopore becomes anus blastopore anus mouth Halocynthia, a tunicate (Urochordata) Coelom Formation Protostomes: Schizocoely Deuterostomes: Enterocoely Enterocoely in a sea star Axocoel (protocoel) Gives rise to small portion of water vascular system. Hydrocoel (mesocoel) Gives rise to water vascular system. Somatocoel (metacoel) Gives rise to lining of adult body cavity. Echinoderm Metamorphosis ECHINODERM FEATURES Water vascular system and tube feet Pentaradial symmetry Coelom formation by enterocoely Water Vascular System Tube Foot Tube Foot Locomotion ECHINODERM DIVERSITY Crinoidea Asteroidea Ophiuroidea Holothuroidea Echinoidea “sea lilies” “sea stars” “brittle stars” “sea cucumbers” “urchins, sand dollars” Group Form & Habit Habitat Ossicles Feeding Special Characteristics Crinoids 5-200 arms, stalked epifaunal Internal skeleton suspension mouth upward; mucous & Of each arm feeders secreting glands on sessile podia Ophiuroids usually 5 thin arms, epifaunal ossicles in arms deposit feeders act and appear like vertebrae
    [Show full text]
  • Chlorophyta Is a Division of Green Algae, Informally Called
    Chlorophyta is a division of green algae, informally waters of the Sargasso Sea. Many brown algae, such as called chlorophytes. The name is used in two very members of the order Fucales, commonly grow along different senses so that care is needed to determine the rocky seashores. Some members of the class are used as use by a particular author. In older classification food for humans. systems, it refers to a highly paraphyletic group of all Worldwide there are about 1500–2000 species of brown the green algae within the green plants (Viridiplantae), algae.[4] Some species are of sufficient commercial and thus includes about 7,000 species [4] [5] of mostly importance, such as Ascophyllum nodosum , that they aquatic photosynthetic eukaryotic organisms. Like the have become subjects of extensive research in their own land plants (bryophytes and tracheophytes), green algae right.[5] [4] contain chlorophylls a and b, and store food as starch Brown algae belong to a very large group, the in their plastids. Heterokontophyta, a eukaryotic group of organisms In newer classifications, it refers to one of the two distinguished most prominently by having chloroplasts clades making up the Viridiplantae, which are the surrounded by four membranes, suggesting an origin chlorophytes and the streptophytes or charophytes.[6][7] from a symbiotic relationship between a basal In this sense it includes only about 4,300 species.[3] eukaryote and another eukaryotic organism. Most brown algae contain the pigment fucoxanthin, which is responsible for the distinctive greenish-brown color that The red algae, or Rhodophyta ( / r o ʊ ˈ d ɒ f ɨ t ə / or / gives them their name.
    [Show full text]
  • Tropical Marine Invertebrates CAS BI 569 Phylum ANNELIDA by J
    Tropical Marine Invertebrates CAS BI 569 Phylum ANNELIDA by J. R. Finnerty Phylum ANNELIDA Porifera Ctenophora Cnidaria Deuterostomia Ecdysozoa Lophotrochozoa Chordata Arthropoda Annelida Hemichordata Onychophora Mollusca Echinodermata Nematoda Platyhelminthes Acoelomorpha Silicispongiae Calcispongia PROTOSTOMIA “BILATERIA” (=TRIPLOBLASTICA) Bilateral symmetry (?) Mesoderm (triploblasty) Phylum ANNELIDA Porifera Ctenophora Cnidaria Deuterostomia Ecdysozoa Lophotrochozoa Chordata Arthropoda Annelida Hemichordata Onychophora Mollusca Echinodermata Nematoda Platyhelminthes Acoelomorpha Silicispongiae Calcispongia PROTOSTOMIA “COELOMATA” True coelom Coelomata gut cavity endoderm mesoderm coelom ectoderm [note: dorso-ventral inversion] Phylum ANNELIDA Porifera Ctenophora Cnidaria Deuterostomia Ecdysozoa Lophotrochozoa Chordata Arthropoda Annelida Hemichordata Onychophora Mollusca Echinodermata Nematoda Platyhelminthes Acoelomorpha Silicispongiae Calcispongia PROTOSTOMIA PROTOSTOMIA “first mouth” blastopore contributes to mouth ventral nerve cord The Blastopore ! Forms during gastrulation ectoderm blastocoel blastocoel endoderm gut blastoderm BLASTULA blastopore The Gut “internal, epithelium-lined cavity for the digestion and absorption of food sponges lack a gut simplest gut = blind sac (Cnidaria) blastopore gives rise to dual- function mouth/anus through-guts evolve later Protostome = blastopore contributes to the mouth Deuterostome = blastopore becomes the anus; mouth is a second opening Protostomy blastopore mouth anus Deuterostomy blastopore
    [Show full text]
  • Zoology Lab Manual
    General Zoology Lab Supplement Stephen W. Ziser Department of Biology Pinnacle Campus To Accompany the Zoology Lab Manual: Smith, D. G. & M. P. Schenk Exploring Zoology: A Laboratory Guide. Morton Publishing Co. for BIOL 1413 General Zoology 2017.5 Biology 1413 Introductory Zoology – Supplement to Lab Manual; Ziser 2015.12 1 General Zoology Laboratory Exercises 1. Orientation, Lab Safety, Animal Collection . 3 2. Lab Skills & Microscopy . 14 3. Animal Cells & Tissues . 15 4. Animal Organs & Organ Systems . 17 5. Animal Reproduction . 25 6. Animal Development . 27 7. Some Animal-Like Protists . 31 8. The Animal Kingdom . 33 9. Phylum Porifera (Sponges) . 47 10. Phyla Cnidaria (Jellyfish & Corals) & Ctenophora . 49 11. Phylum Platyhelminthes (Flatworms) . 52 12. Phylum Nematoda (Roundworms) . 56 13. Phyla Rotifera . 59 14. Acanthocephala, Gastrotricha & Nematomorpha . 60 15. Phylum Mollusca (Molluscs) . 67 16. Phyla Brachiopoda & Ectoprocta . 73 17. Phylum Annelida (Segmented Worms) . 74 18. Phyla Sipuncula . 78 19. Phylum Arthropoda (I): Trilobita, Myriopoda . 79 20. Phylum Arthropoda (II): Chelicerata . 81 21. Phylum Arthropods (III): Crustacea . 86 22. Phylum Arthropods (IV): Hexapoda . 90 23. Phyla Onycophora & Tardigrada . 97 24. Phylum Echinodermata (Echinoderms) . .104 25. Phyla Chaetognatha & Hemichordata . 108 26. Phylum Chordata (I): Lower Chordates & Agnatha . 109 27. Phylum Chordata (II): Chondrichthyes & Osteichthyes . 112 28. Phylum Chordata (III): Amphibia . 115 29. Phylum Chordata (IV): Reptilia . 118 30. Phylum Chordata (V): Aves . 121 31. Phylum Chordata (VI): Mammalia . 124 Lab Reports & Assignments Identifying Animal Phyla . 39 Identifying Common Freshwater Invertebrates . 42 Lab Report for Practical #1 . 43 Lab Report for Practical #2 . 62 Identification of Insect Orders . 96 Lab Report for Practical #3 .
    [Show full text]
  • The Evolution of Bilaterian Body‐Plan: Perspectives from the Developmental Genetics of the Acoela (Acoelomorpha)
    The evolution of bilaterian body‐plan: perspectives from the developmental genetics of the Acoela (Acoelomorpha) Marta Chiodin ADVERTIMENT. La consulta d’aquesta tesi queda condicionada a l’acceptació de les següents condicions d'ús: La difusió d’aquesta tesi per mitjà del servei TDX (www.tdx.cat) i a través del Dipòsit Digital de la UB (diposit.ub.edu) ha estat autoritzada pels titulars dels drets de propietat intel·lectual únicament per a usos privats emmarcats en activitats d’investigació i docència. No s’autoritza la seva reproducció amb finalitats de lucre ni la seva difusió i posada a disposició des d’un lloc aliè al servei TDX ni al Dipòsit Digital de la UB. No s’autoritza la presentació del seu contingut en una finestra o marc aliè a TDX o al Dipòsit Digital de la UB (framing). Aquesta reserva de drets afecta tant al resum de presentació de la tesi com als seus continguts. En la utilització o cita de parts de la tesi és obligat indicar el nom de la persona autora. ADVERTENCIA. La consulta de esta tesis queda condicionada a la aceptación de las siguientes condiciones de uso: La difusión de esta tesis por medio del servicio TDR (www.tdx.cat) y a través del Repositorio Digital de la UB (diposit.ub.edu) ha sido autorizada por los titulares de los derechos de propiedad intelectual únicamente para usos privados enmarcados en actividades de investigación y docencia. No se autoriza su reproducción con finalidades de lucro ni su difusión y puesta a disposición desde un sitio ajeno al servicio TDR o al Repositorio Digital de la UB.
    [Show full text]
  • Summary of Thesis 4
    Contents List of Papers 2 Abstract 3 Introduction 5 Biodiversity – why should we care? 5 Marine meiofauna 6 What are Nemertodermatida 7 General morphology 8 Ultrastructure 8 Historical overview of the taxon 9 Phylogenetic position 11 Classification 12 Methods 13 Sampling 13 Infrastructure and general workflow 14 Fixation 16 Abundance and patchiness 18 Collection effort for this thesis 19 Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy (CLSM) 20 Principal of CLSM 20 Phalloidin staining of F-actin 21 Immunolabelling of the nervous system 22 Molecular Analyses 24 DNA extraction, amplification & sequencing 25 Data properties 26 Phylogenetic analyses 27 Discussion and future perspectives 27 Literature cited 33 Acknowledgements 39 List of papers Paper I Meyer-Wachsmuth I, Raikova OI, Jondelius U (2013): The muscular system of Nemertoderma westbladi and Meara stichopi (Nemertodermatida, Acoelomorpha). Zoomorphology 132: 239–252. doi:10.1007/s00435-013-0191-6. Paper II Meyer-Wachsmuth I, Curini Galletti, M, Jondelius U (in press): Hyper-cryptic marine meiofauna: species complexes in Nemertodermatida. PLOS One 9: e107688. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0107688 Paper III Meyer-Wachsmuth I, Jondelius U: A multigene molecular assessment reveals deep divergence in the phylogeny of Nemertodermatida. (Manuscript) Paper IV Raikova OI, Meyer-Wachsmuth I, Jondelius U: Nervous system and morphology of three species of Nemertodermatida (Acoelomorpha) as revealed by immunostainings, phalloidin staining, and confocal and differential interference contrast microscopy. (Manuscript) 2 Abstract Nemertodermatida is a group of microscopic marine worm-like animals that live as part of the marine meiofauna in sandy or muddy sediments; one species lives commensally in a holothurian. These benthic worms were thought to disperse passively with ocean currents, resulting in little speciation and thus wide or even cosmopolitan distributions.
    [Show full text]
  • Systema Naturae. the Classification of Living Organisms
    Systema Naturae. The classification of living organisms. c Alexey B. Shipunov v. 5.601 (June 26, 2007) Preface Most of researches agree that kingdom-level classification of living things needs the special rules and principles. Two approaches are possible: (a) tree- based, Hennigian approach will look for main dichotomies inside so-called “Tree of Life”; and (b) space-based, Linnaean approach will look for the key differences inside “Natural System” multidimensional “cloud”. Despite of clear advantages of tree-like approach (easy to develop rules and algorithms; trees are self-explaining), in many cases the space-based approach is still prefer- able, because it let us to summarize any kinds of taxonomically related da- ta and to compare different classifications quite easily. This approach also lead us to four-kingdom classification, but with different groups: Monera, Protista, Vegetabilia and Animalia, which represent different steps of in- creased complexity of living things, from simple prokaryotic cell to compound Nature Precedings : doi:10.1038/npre.2007.241.2 Posted 16 Aug 2007 eukaryotic cell and further to tissue/organ cell systems. The classification Only recent taxa. Viruses are not included. Abbreviations: incertae sedis (i.s.); pro parte (p.p.); sensu lato (s.l.); sedis mutabilis (sed.m.); sedis possi- bilis (sed.poss.); sensu stricto (s.str.); status mutabilis (stat.m.); quotes for “environmental” groups; asterisk for paraphyletic* taxa. 1 Regnum Monera Superphylum Archebacteria Phylum 1. Archebacteria Classis 1(1). Euryarcheota 1 2(2). Nanoarchaeota 3(3). Crenarchaeota 2 Superphylum Bacteria 3 Phylum 2. Firmicutes 4 Classis 1(4). Thermotogae sed.m. 2(5).
    [Show full text]
  • Introduction to the Bilateria and the Phylum Xenacoelomorpha Triploblasty and Bilateral Symmetry Provide New Avenues for Animal Radiation
    CHAPTER 9 Introduction to the Bilateria and the Phylum Xenacoelomorpha Triploblasty and Bilateral Symmetry Provide New Avenues for Animal Radiation long the evolutionary path from prokaryotes to modern animals, three key innovations led to greatly expanded biological diversification: (1) the evolution of the eukaryote condition, (2) the emergence of the A Metazoa, and (3) the evolution of a third germ layer (triploblasty) and, perhaps simultaneously, bilateral symmetry. We have already discussed the origins of the Eukaryota and the Metazoa, in Chapters 1 and 6, and elsewhere. The invention of a third (middle) germ layer, the true mesoderm, and evolution of a bilateral body plan, opened up vast new avenues for evolutionary expan- sion among animals. We discussed the embryological nature of true mesoderm in Chapter 5, where we learned that the evolution of this inner body layer fa- cilitated greater specialization in tissue formation, including highly specialized organ systems and condensed nervous systems (e.g., central nervous systems). In addition to derivatives of ectoderm (skin and nervous system) and endoderm (gut and its de- Classification of The Animal rivatives), triploblastic animals have mesoder- Kingdom (Metazoa) mal derivatives—which include musculature, the circulatory system, the excretory system, Non-Bilateria* Lophophorata and the somatic portions of the gonads. Bilater- (a.k.a. the diploblasts) PHYLUM PHORONIDA al symmetry gives these animals two axes of po- PHYLUM PORIFERA PHYLUM BRYOZOA larity (anteroposterior and dorsoventral) along PHYLUM PLACOZOA PHYLUM BRACHIOPODA a single body plane that divides the body into PHYLUM CNIDARIA ECDYSOZOA two symmetrically opposed parts—the left and PHYLUM CTENOPHORA Nematoida PHYLUM NEMATODA right sides.
    [Show full text]
  • The Making of a Photosynthetic Animal
    303 The Journal of Experimental Biology 214, 303-311 © 2011. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd doi:10.1242/jeb.046540 The making of a photosynthetic animal Mary E. Rumpho1,*, Karen N. Pelletreau1, Ahmed Moustafa2 and Debashish Bhattacharya3 1Department of Molecular and Biomedical Sciences, 5735 Hitchner Hall, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA, 2Department of Biology and Graduate Program in Biotechnology, American University in Cairo, New Cairo 11835, Egypt and 3Department of Ecology, Evolution and Natural Resources, Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA *Author for correspondence ([email protected]) Accepted 6 August 2010 Summary Symbiotic animals containing green photobionts challenge the common perception that only plants are capable of capturing the sun’s rays and converting them into biological energy through photoautotrophic CO2 fixation (photosynthesis). ‘Solar-powered’ sacoglossan molluscs, or sea slugs, have taken this type of symbiotic association one step further by solely harboring the photosynthetic organelle, the plastid (chloroplast). One such sea slug, Elysia chlorotica, lives as a ‘plant’ when provided with only light and air as a result of acquiring plastids during feeding on its algal prey Vaucheria litorea. The captured plastids (kleptoplasts) are retained intracellularly in cells lining the digestive diverticula of the sea slug, a phenomenon sometimes referred to as kleptoplasty. Photosynthesis by the plastids provides E. chlorotica with energy and fixed carbon for its entire lifespan of ~10months. The plastids are not transmitted vertically (i.e. are absent in eggs) and do not undergo division in the sea slug. However, de novo protein synthesis continues, including plastid- and nuclear-encoded plastid-targeted proteins, despite the apparent absence of algal nuclei.
    [Show full text]
  • Xenoturbella Bocki Exhibits Direct Development with Similarities to Acoelomorpha
    ARTICLE Received 24 Jul 2012 | Accepted 28 Jan 2013 | Published 26 Feb 2013 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms2556 OPEN Xenoturbella bocki exhibits direct development with similarities to Acoelomorpha Hiroaki Nakano1,2, Kennet Lundin3, Sarah J. Bourlat1,4, Maximilian J. Telford5, Peter Funch6, Jens R. Nyengaard7, Matthias Obst1 & Michael C. Thorndyke1,8 Xenoturbella bocki, a marine animal with a simple body plan, has recently been suggested to be sister group to the Acoelomorpha, together forming the new phylum Xenacoelomorpha. The phylogenetic position of the phylum is still under debate, either as an early branching bilaterian or as a sister group to the Ambulacraria (hemichordates and echinoderms) within the deuterostomes. Although development has been described for several species of Acoelomorpha, little is known about the life cycle of Xenoturbella. Here we report the embryonic stages of Xenoturbella, and show that it is a direct developer without a feeding larval stage. This mode of development is similar to that of the acoelomorphs, supporting the newly proposed phylum Xenacoelomorpha and suggesting that the last common ancestor of the phylum might have been a direct developer. 1 Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Kristineberg 566, SE-451 78 Fiskeba¨ckskil, Sweden. 2 Shimoda Marine Research Center, University of Tsukuba, Shimoda, Shizuoka 415-0025, Japan. 3 Go¨teborg Natural History Museum, Box 7283, SE-402 35 Go¨teborg, Sweden. 4 Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Swedish Museum of Natural History, Box 50007, SE-104 05 Stockholm, Sweden. 5 Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, Darwin Building, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK.
    [Show full text]
  • Phylum Platyhelminthes
    Author's personal copy Chapter 10 Phylum Platyhelminthes Carolina Noreña Departamento Biodiversidad y Biología Evolutiva, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (CSIC), Madrid, Spain Cristina Damborenea and Francisco Brusa División Zoología Invertebrados, Museo de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina Chapter Outline Introduction 181 Digestive Tract 192 General Systematic 181 Oral (Mouth Opening) 192 Phylogenetic Relationships 184 Intestine 193 Distribution and Diversity 184 Pharynx 193 Geographical Distribution 184 Osmoregulatory and Excretory Systems 194 Species Diversity and Abundance 186 Reproductive System and Development 194 General Biology 186 Reproductive Organs and Gametes 194 Body Wall, Epidermis, and Sensory Structures 186 Reproductive Types 196 External Epithelial, Basal Membrane, and Cell Development 196 Connections 186 General Ecology and Behavior 197 Cilia 187 Habitat Selection 197 Other Epidermal Structures 188 Food Web Role in the Ecosystem 197 Musculature 188 Ectosymbiosis 198 Parenchyma 188 Physiological Constraints 199 Organization and Structure of the Parenchyma 188 Collecting, Culturing, and Specimen Preparation 199 Cell Types and Musculature of the Parenchyma 189 Collecting 199 Functions of the Parenchyma 190 Culturing 200 Regeneration 190 Specimen Preparation 200 Neural System 191 Acknowledgment 200 Central Nervous System 191 References 200 Sensory Elements 192 INTRODUCTION by a peripheral syncytium with cytoplasmic elongations. Monogenea are normally ectoparasitic on aquatic verte- General Systematic brates, such as fishes,
    [Show full text]