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Redalyc.Initial Growth of Mansoa Alliacea (Bignoniaceae), Species of Interest in the Amazon Region of Ecuador

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Redalyc.Initial Growth of Mansoa Alliacea (Bignoniaceae), Species of Interest in the Amazon Region of Ecuador Cuban Journal of Agricultural Science ISSN: 0864-0408 [email protected] Instituto de Ciencia Animal Cuba Abril, R.; Ruiz, T.; Alonso, J.; Cabrera, Génova Initial growth of Mansoa alliacea (Bignoniaceae), species of interest in the Amazon region of Ecuador Cuban Journal of Agricultural Science, vol. 50, núm. 4, 2016, pp. 673-682 Instituto de Ciencia Animal San José de las Lajas, Cuba Available in: https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=653768177001 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative Cuban Journal of Agricultural Science, Volume 50, Number 4, 2016. 50th Anniversary. 673 Initial growth of Mansoa alliacea (Bignoniaceae), species of interest in the Amazon region of Ecuador Crecimiento inicial de Mansoa alliacea (Bignoniaceae), especie de interés en la región amazónica del Ecuador R.Abril1, T.Ruiz2, J.Alonso2 and Génova Cabrera3 1Universidad Estatal Amazónica, Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida, carrera de Ingeniería Ambiental km 2 ½ Vía a Napo, Pastaza, Ecuador 2Instituto de Ciencia Animal, Apartado Postal 24, San José de las Lajas, Mayabeque, Cuba 3PRAGROS, km 2 ½ vía a Tarqui, Pastaza, Ecuador Email: [email protected] In order to know the growth characteristics of Mansoa alliaceae, Para conocer las características de crecimiento de Mansoa alliaceae the initial growth up to 320 days were recorded, from the se registró el crecimiento inicial hasta los 320 días, desde la aparición appearance of the shoot in the height of the plant, stem diameter, del brote en las medidas altura de la planta, diámetro del tallo, en las in which linear and nonlinear models were evaluated. The number que se evaluaron modelos lineales y no lineales. Se registró el número of leaves and branches length was recorded, in which analysis de hojas y longitud de ramas, en los que se aplicó análisis de varianza of variance was applied for the different sampling times. It was para las diferentes épocas de muestreo. También se determinó si las also determined whether precipitation influenced growth. Linear precipitaciones influyeron en el crecimiento. Los modelos lineales models presented better fit for plant height and shoot diameter. presentaron mejor ajuste para la altura de la planta y el diámetro del Green leaves predominated, which showed significant differences brote. Predominaron las hojas verdes, que mostraron diferencias in all sampling times. The branches length was different for the significativas en todas las épocas de muestreo. El largo de ramas fue different times. It is concluded that the species did not stop its diferente para las diferentes épocas. Se concluye que la especie no growth during the first 320 days after planting. The emission and detuvo su crecimiento durante los primeros 320 días posteriores a la branches growth and the number of leaves were also important plantación. La emisión y crecimiento de ramas y el número de hojas elements of growth. fueron también elementos importantes del crecimiento. Key words: height, diameter of the plant, number of leaves Palabras clave: Altura, diámetro de la planta, número de hojas Mansoa alliacea (Lam.) A.H. Gentry (Missouri Mansoa alliacea (Lam.) A.H. Gentry (Missouri Botanical Garden 2016) is a plant belonging to Lamiales Botanical Garden 2016) es una planta que pertenece al Bromhead order, from Bignoniaceae Juss family. It orden Lamiales Bromhead, de la familia Bignoniaceae is known as forest garlic or sacha garlic. It is among Juss. Se conoce como ajo de monte o sacha ajo. Se halla the climbers, of three or more meters high, with small entre las trepadoras, de tres o más metros de altura, con pseudostipules, flattened and conical, bifoliate leaves, pseudoestípulas pequeñas, aplanadas y cónicas, hojas trifid tendrils and axillary inflorescences in raceme or bifoliadas, sarcillos trífidos e inflorescencias axilares panicle. Its fruit is a linear capsule (Rengifo 2007). en racimo o panícula. Su fruto es una cápsula lineal It has medicinal uses (Zoghbi et al. 2009) and also (Rengifo 2007). Tiene usos medicinales (Zoghbi et al. applications as a condiment for food (Ríos et al. 2007). 2009) y también aplicaciones como condimento para los It is currently marketed on a small scale in local markets alimentos (Ríos et al. 2007). Actualmente se comercializa and used by producers of different ethnic groups from en pequeña escala en mercados locales y se utiliza por los the Ecuadorian Amazon in crop systems (Arias et al. productores de diferentes grupos étnicos de la Amazonía 2016) and in communities from the Amazon basin of ecuatoriana en sistemas de cultivos (Arias et al. 2016) y en Brazil (Vásquez et al. 2014) and Peru (Huaranca et al. comunidades de la cuenca amazónica de Brasil (Vásquez 2013, Tudela-Talavera et al. 2016), where studies of et al. 2014) y Perú (Huaranca et al. 2013, Tudela-Talavera asexual propagation and species growth have not been et al. 2016), donde no se han desarrollado estudios de developed. propagación asexual y crecimiento de la especie. Plant growth is a consequence of the division El crecimiento vegetal es consecuencia de la división and elongation of cells and the process of cell y elongación de las células y el proceso de diferenciación differentiation or specialization (Rodríguez and o especialización celular (Rodríguez y Leihner 2005). Se Leihner 2005). It is known that various climatic sabe que son diversos los factores climáticos que afectan factors affect the development of the plant, including el desarrollo de la planta, entre ellos se encuentra el agua, water, temperature, solar radiation, fertilization, la temperatura, la radiación solar, la fertilización, el riego irrigation and competition. The establishment stage y la competencia. La etapa de establecimiento es la más 674 Cuban Journal of Agricultural Science, Volume 50, Number 4, 2016. 50th Anniversary. is the most vulnerable due to the small amount of vulnerable por la poca cantidad de reservas disponibles available reserves and the absence of a developed y por la ausencia de un sistema radicular desarrollado root system (Baruch and Fisher 1991), as well as the (Baruch y Fisher 1991), además del componente genetic component (Villar et al. 2005). genético (Villar et al. 2005). Arregocés and Fernández (1980) showed that among Arregocés y Fernández (1980) indicaron que entre the parameters to determine the plant growth should be los parámetros para determinar el crecimiento de una considering height and leaf development. The height is planta se deben consideran la altura y el desarrollo de the most notable feature, it is measured from the soil hojas. La altura es la característica más notable, se mide surface to the leaf located in the apical part of the plant. desde la superficie del suelo hasta la hoja ubicada en la In the development of leaves is calculated the time of parte apical de la planta. En el desarrollo de las hojas se appearance and its life cycle. calcula el tiempo de aparición y su ciclo de vida. The use of mathematical models makes it possible El uso de modelos matemáticos posibilita describir en to describe in plant species its growth characteristics. especies vegetales sus características de crecimiento. En Under favorable conditions, a species that grows condiciones favorables, una especie que crezca más rápido faster can compete for light and nutrients. Although podrá competir por luz y nutrientes. Si bien esta condición this condition is a great advantage, it is also damaging constituye un gran ventaja, es a su vez perjudicial en under unfavorable conditions (Villar et al. 2005), which condiciones desfavorables (Villar et al. 2005), lo que can be described through indicators such as height puede describirse a través de indicadores como altura and stem diameter. The parameters that define the y el diámetro del tallo. Los parámetros que definen las mathematical functions are determined by non-linear funciones matemáticas se determinan mediante análisis regression analysis, which requires the definition of a de regresión no lineal, que requieren la definición de un model (Rodríguez and Leihner 2005). The Gompertz modelo (Rodríguez y Leihner 2005). Los modelos de and logistic models are frequently used in the analysis Gompertz y logístico son de uso frecuente en el análisis de of plant and animal growth (Rodríguez 2015). However, crecimiento de plantas y animales (Rodríguez 2015). Sin when using models with many parameters must be embargo, al utilizar modelos con muchos parámetros hay assessed if they have a biological meaning (Rodríguez que valorar si tienen un significado biológico (Rodríguez and Leihner 2005) y Leihner 2005). Materials and Methods Materiales y Métodos The initial growth measurement was carried out La medición del crecimiento inicial se desarrolló en in a plot located in the Research, Postgraduate and una parcela ubicada en el Centro de Investigaciones, Conservation Center of the Amazon (CIPCA), from Posgrado y Conservación de la Amazonía (CIPCA), the Amazon State University, located in Santa Clara de la Universidad Estatal Amazónica, localizado en canton from Pastaza province, and Arosemena Tola los cantones Santa Clara, de la provincia Pastaza, y canton, from Napo province, (figure 1). The plot has Arosemena Tola, de la provincia de Napo, Ecuador (figura the required land extension and all the appropriate 1). La parcela tiene
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