Treaty Between Ramses Ii and Hattusilis Iii
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Hattuschili Und Ramses. Philipp Von Zabern Gmbh, Mainz Am Rhein, 2002
599 BIBLIOTHECA ORIENTALIS LXI N° 5-6, september-december 2004 600 HETTITOLOGIE KLENGEL, H. — Hattuschili und Ramses. Philipp von Zabern GmbH, Mainz am Rhein, 2002. (25 cm, 179). ISBN 3-8053-2917-2. / 39,80. The theme dealt with in this volume is of great inter- est for the discerning public fascinated by the Ancient Near East. It is the political confrontation between Egypt and the Hittites during the 14th and 13th centuries BC. The pharaohs of Egypt wanted to consolidate their control over western Syria, a rich but politically divided and thus weak region, whilst the Hittites were attempting to impose their rule over all of northern Syria, a goal which they would pursue with varying fortunes throughout their entire history. An expert hand guides the reader through events which involved famous individuals and which unfolded against a backdrop of places, the mere names of which evoke a great historical past. The numerous, excellent photographs (many by the Author himself) furnish images of these sites and some of the principal actors (we even have the mummies of Sethos I and his son, Ramesses II) and are of great documentary value in themselves. The photograph reproduced on p. 23 of the countryside near Sivas (an area in which the Hittites were firmly established from the time of the Old Kingdom on), still under a heavy mantle of snow in the month of May, shows how the season for military campaigns must, of necessity, have begun late in the year, making control of the north-east- ern regions an arduous task. -
Hanigalbat and the Land Hani
Arnhem (nl) 2015 – 3 Anatolia in the bronze age. © Joost Blasweiler student Leiden University - [email protected] Hanigal9bat and the land Hana. From the annals of Hattusili I we know that in his 3rd year the Hurrian enemy attacked his kingdom. Thanks to the text of Hattusili I (“ruler of Kussara and (who) reign the city of Hattusa”) we can be certain that c. 60 years after the abandonment of the city of Kanesh, Hurrian armies extensively entered the kingdom of Hatti. Remarkable is that Hattusili mentioned that it was not a king or a kingdom who had attacked, but had used an expression “the Hurrian enemy”. Which might point that formerly attacks, raids or wars with Hurrians armies were known by Hattusili king of Kussara. And therefore the threatening expression had arisen in Hittite: “the Hurrian enemy”. Translation of Gary Beckman 2008, The Ancient Near East, editor Mark W. Chavalas, 220. The cuneiform texts of the annal are bilingual: Babylonian and Nesili (Hittite). Note: 16. Babylonian text: ‘the enemy from Ḫanikalbat entered my land’. The Babylonian text of the bilingual is more specific: “the enemy of Ḫanigal9 bat”. Therefore the scholar N.B. Jankowska1 thought that apparently the Hurrian kingdom Hanigalbat had existed probably from an earlier date before the reign of Hattusili i.e. before c. 1650 BC. Normally with the term Mittani one is pointing to the mighty Hurrian kingdom of the 15th century BC 2. Ignace J. Gelb reported 3 on “the dragomans of the Habigalbatian soldiers/workers” in an Old Babylonian tablet of Amisaduqa, who was a contemporary with Hattusili I. -
John David Hawkins
STUDIA ASIANA – 9 – STUDIA ASIANA Collana fondata da Alfonso Archi, Onofrio Carruba e Franca Pecchioli Daddi Comitato Scientifico Alfonso Archi, Fondazione OrMe – Oriente Mediterraneo Amalia Catagnoti, Università degli Studi di Firenze Anacleto D’Agostino, Università di Pisa Rita Francia, Sapienza – Università di Roma Gianni Marchesi, Alma Mater Studiorum – Università di Bologna Stefania Mazzoni, Università degli Studi di Firenze Valentina Orsi, Università degli Studi di Firenze Marina Pucci, Università degli Studi di Firenze Elena Rova, Università Ca’ Foscari – Venezia Giulia Torri, Università degli Studi di Firenze Sacred Landscapes of Hittites and Luwians Proceedings of the International Conference in Honour of Franca Pecchioli Daddi Florence, February 6th-8th 2014 Edited by Anacleto D’Agostino, Valentina Orsi, Giulia Torri firenze university press 2015 Sacred Landscapes of Hittites and Luwians : proceedings of the International Conference in Honour of Franca Pecchioli Daddi : Florence, February 6th-8th 2014 / edited by Anacleto D'Agostino, Valentina Orsi, Giulia Torri. – Firenze : Firenze University Press, 2015. (Studia Asiana ; 9) http://digital.casalini.it/9788866559047 ISBN 978-88-6655-903-0 (print) ISBN 978-88-6655-904-7 (online) Graphic design: Alberto Pizarro Fernández, Pagina Maestra Front cover photo: Drawing of the rock reliefs at Yazılıkaya (Charles Texier, Description de l'Asie Mineure faite par ordre du Governement français de 1833 à 1837. Typ. de Firmin Didot frères, Paris 1839, planche 72). The volume was published with the contribution of Ente Cassa di Risparmio di Firenze. Peer Review Process All publications are submitted to an external refereeing process under the responsibility of the FUP Editorial Board and the Scientific Committees of the individual series. -
Battle of Kadesh-Warfare and Military Organization During the 13Th Century B.C
Department of History and Archaeology MA in Greek and Eastern Mediterranean Archaeology: From the Bronze Age Palaces to the Hellenistic Kingdoms Battle of Kadesh-Warfare and Military Organization during the 13th century B.C. MA Dissertation Liu Yan Supervisor: Konstantinos Kopanias Associate Professor in the Archaeology of the Eastern Mediterranean Athens, 2019 Members of Committee Konstantinos Kopanias, Associate Professor in the Archaeology of the Eastern Mediterranean Eleni Mantzourani, Professor of Prehistoric Archaeology Giorgos Vavouranakis, Associate Professor of Prehistoric Archaeology ii ABSTRACT The Battle of Kadesh in 1274 B.C is perhaps the most famous and best documented battle in the Bronze Age. Through a review of the Battle of Kadesh and the subsequent military organizations of major civilizations in 13th century B.C, this dissertation aims to synthesize our current knowledge about military history in different civilizations around the ancient world in the 13th century B.C. By employing a cross-cultural comparative method, I aim to examine the systems of military organization and the exchanging of military technologies between different ancient civilizations during this period, such a Egypt, Hittite, Yin-Shang China and Mycenaean Greece. The different system of socio-political organization is reflected in the warfare as well as the military organizations of these different civilizations. Through the comparison of the military organizations of the Egyptian, Hittite, Yin-Shang and Mycenaean civilizations, we see more similarities in the first three kingdoms, potentially due to the similar nature of the social-political system in Egypt, Hittite and Yin-Shang. The image of military organization in Mycenaean states is not very clear since their social-political system and scale were drastically different from Egypt, Hittite and Yin-Shang, making it very difficult to draw any assumptions from the archaeological record. -
IMPACT of a MILITARISTIC SOCIETY: a STUDY on the HITTITES by Amber N. Hawley Submitted to the Faculty of the Archaeological Stud
IMPACT OF A MILITARISTIC SOCIETY: A STUDY ON THE HITTITES By Amber N. Hawley Submitted to the Faculty of The Archaeological Studies Program Department of Sociology and Archaeology in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Science University of Wisconsin – La Crosse 2012 Copyright © 2012 by Amber N. Hawley All rights reserved ii THE ECONOMIC IMPACT OF A MILITARISTIC SOCIETY: A STUDY ON THE HITTITES Amber N. Hawley, B.S. University of Wisconsin-La Crosse, 2012 The purpose of this study is to better understand the relationship between the military, the economy, and the societal collapse of the Hittites, a militaristic society. The Hittite empire suffered from many problems near the end of its existence, but this research supports the idea that the military‟s demand for subsistence goods was too great for the economy to provide. By analyzing historical documentation, many aspects of the Hittite culture can be examined, such as trade networks as well as military campaign reports. The study also looks at the archaeological excavations of Hattusa, the Hittite capital, and Kaman-Kalehöyük, a supply city that would restock the campaigning military. By examining these cities and historical documentation, better understanding of the economy and military will be attained for militaristic societies; and in the case of the Hittites, their relationship to the societal collapse is determined to be strong. iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First and foremost, I would like to thank my advisors, Dr. David Anderson and Dr. Mark Chavalas for providing me with feedback throughout my research. I would also like to thank my reading group, which consisted of Mitchell Johnson and Maximilian Pschorr for giving me great advice. -
Hitit Kenti Ankuwa'nin Tarihcesi Ve Lokalizasyonu Hakkinda
BELLETEN PßRIODIQpE TRIMESTRIEL REVUE PUBLIEE PAR LA SOCIETß TURQJJE D'HISTOIRE Tome : XLV/2 No. 180 Octobre 1981 ANKARA — IMPRIMERIE DE LA SOCIETß TURQUE D'HISTOIRE 19 8 1 Proprietaire : LA SOCI£T£ TURQUE D'HISTOIRE Directeur responsable : ULUG IGDEMIR TABLE DES M ATI £RES Articles, Etudes: Page ÜNAL, AHMET: AU Sujet d'Ankuwa, Ville Hittite, et sa Localisation (en turc) 433 BAYRAM, DR. MiKÄiL: Qui Etait Fatma Baci, Fondatrice de POrganisation "Les Soeurs Anatoliennes (Baciyan-i Rum)", au Temps des Seldjoukides d'Anatolie? (en turc) 457 GALLOTTA, PROF. DR. ALDO, (Traducteur): Akdemir, Dr. Salih: Gazavät-i Hayreddin Päsä (en turc) 473 AKYÜZ, PROF. DR. YAHYA: L'Influence de Namik Kemal sur Atatürk, et Deux Documents Relatifs aux Livres Interdits sous le Regne d'Abdül- hamit (en turc) 501 T ANSEI., FEVZIYE: Les Chronogrammes Goncernant Mustafa Kemal, et leurs Valeurs Litteraires et Historiques (en turc) 513 Conferences : GROTHUSEN, PROF. DR. KLAUS - DETLEV: Emigration en Turquie des Hom- mes de Science Allemands apres 1933 (en turc) 537 Necrologies : §AKIROGLU, DR. MAMMUT H.: Prof. M. Tayyib Gökbilgin (1907-1981) (en turc, avec 1 fig.) 551 Bibliographie: ÖZERDIM, S. N.: M. Türker Acaroglu, Bibliographie Expliquee d'Atatürk (en turc) 573 §AKiROÖLu, DR. MAHMUT H.: Ugo Marazzi, Tevärih-i AL-i 'Osmän. Cronaca anonima ottomana in Irascrizione ebraica (en turc) 575 FÜRAT, PROF. DR. AHMET SUPIH: Abu Sulaimän as-Sijistänl, The Mun- takhab §iwän al-Hikmah (en turc) 577 KARADENTZ, §ADAN: Information sur les livres (en turc) 581 Information: OTKAN, PULAT: Le IXe Gongres Turc d'Histoire (en turc) 587 BELLETEN Üg AYDA BIR giKAR ABONE VE SATI§ §ARTLARI Sayisi : 1000 lira (Yabanci memleketler igin 16 dolar) Yillik abonesi : 4000 lira (Yabanci memleketler igin 64 dolar) Belleten ve Türk Tarih Kuruinu yayinlarmin sati§ i§leri icin : Ankara'da : TÜRK TARiH KURUMU'na, Kizilay, Kocabeyoglu Pasaji 67/68'de TURHAN KtTABEVl'ne Istanbul'da : Ankara caddesinde, INKILÄP, ANIL Kitabevlerine, Bayazit, Sahaflarda ELtF Kitabevine. -
S 171 202 Cammarosano
Altoriental. Forsch., Akademie Verlag, 36 (2009) 1, 171–202 Michele Cammarosano A Coregency for Mursˇili III? Abstract This paper offers a historical reconstruction of the period between the end of Muwatalli II’s reign and the beginning of his successor’s. Such a reconstruction is based on the hypothesis of a coregency between Muwatalli II and Mursˇili III/Urhi-Tesˇsˇub. This version of events, the paper argues, ˘ follows from a non-forced interpretation of the text KUB 21.33, a fragment mentioning a number of events of “political” nature independent of one another but are linked to a person called Mursˇili. This text has been widely discussed by previous scholarship and it is here re-edited and thoroughly examined. The hypothesis of a coregency seems to fit in with the evidence provided by another enigmatic text, KUB 31.66(+), and could also shed some light on the bullae characterized by the so-called Doppel- abdrücken from the Nis¸antepe archive. The main topics discussed are the removal of Sˇapili, king of Amurru, the lawsuit concerning queen Tanuhepa, the political relations with Manapa-Tarhunta, king of ˘ ˘ Seha River Land, and the marriage arrangement concerning Masˇsˇanauzzi. Remarks on the hittite kings’ ˘ “double name option” and on coregency in hittite history conclude the paper. Keywords: Coregency, Double Name, Urhi-Tesˇsˇub ˘ 1. Introduction This paper offers a historical reconstruction of the period between the end of Muwatalli II’s reign and the beginning of his successor’s, based on the hypothesis of a coregency between Muwatalli II and Mursˇili III/Urhi-Tesˇsˇub. This version of events, the paper argues, follows ˘ from the interpretation of the text KUB 21.33. -
Heroes of the Bronze Age
ARCH 0412 From Gilgamesh to Hektor: Heroes of the Bronze Age April 6, 2016: Heroes and War, Heroes in War II: Anatolia and Egypt ‘Warrior Vase’ Krater Mycenae 13th century BCE Battle of Kadesh Hittite forces Egyptian forces led by led by Muwatalli II vs Ramesses II Images of the Hittite Warrior Relief of Suppiluliuma at Sudburg, Hattusa 13th century BCE ‘King’s Gate’, Hattusa 13th century BCE Muwatalli II (r. 1295-1272 BCE) ‘My Lady, the Sun Goddess of Arinna, and My Lord, the Mighty Storm God, and Mezzulla and all the gods ran before me’ (Annals of Mursili) Muwatali II’s relief at Sirkeli, southern Turkey c. 13th century BCE Royal seals of Muwatalli II c. 13th century BCE Ramesses II (r. 1279-1213 BCE) KV7 Tomb of Ramesses II Ramesses II @ Paris The King’s Body: Mummy of Ramesses II • 1.70 m tall (5’ 7’’) • Had arthritis in the last years of his life • Abscessed tooth • Originally red-haired • Had battle wounds The King’s Body and the Warrior Hero The Narmer Palette, c. 3000 BCE Ramesses II smiting an enemy Hierakonpolis Abu Simbel, c. 1265 BCE Heb Sed: • A ‘jubilee’ celebrated after 30 years of rule and every 3-4 years after that The Festival of • Rituals and processions Rejuvenation • King shown as the ruler of Upper and Lower Egypt • Rituals including symbols of manhood and strength • Ritual race/running in the ‘field’ designated by boundary stones • Ramesses II celebrated 13-14 Heb Seds Ebony label depicting pharaoh Den (1st dynasty) celebrating Heb Sed , c. -
Hittite Rock Reliefs in Southeastern Anatolia As a Religious Manifestation of the Late Bronze and Iron Ages
HITTITE ROCK RELIEFS IN SOUTHEASTERN ANATOLIA AS A RELIGIOUS MANIFESTATION OF THE LATE BRONZE AND IRON AGES A Master’s Thesis by HANDE KÖPÜRLÜOĞLU Department of Archaeology İhsan Doğramacı Bilkent University Ankara September 2016 HITTITE ROCK RELIEFS IN SOUTHEASTERN ANATOLIA AS A RELIGIOUS MANIFESTATION OF THE LATE BRONZE AND IRON AGES The Graduate School of Economics and Social Sciences of İhsan Doğramacı Bilkent University by Hande KÖPÜRLÜOĞLU In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements of the Degree of MASTER OF ARTS THE DEPARTMENT OF ARCHAEOLOGY İHSAN DOĞRAMACI BİLKENT UNIVERSITY September 2016 ABSTRACT HITTITE ROCK RELIEFS IN SOUTHEASTERN ANATOLIA AS A RELIGIOUS MANIFASTATION OF THE LATE BRONZE AND IRON AGES Köpürlüoğlu, Hande M.A., Department of Archaeology Supervisor: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Marie-Henriette Gates September 2016 The LBA rock reliefs are the works of the last three or four generations of the Hittite Empire. The first appearance of the Hittite rock relief is dated to the reign of Muwatalli II who not only sets up an image on a living rock but also shows his own image on his seals with his tutelary deity, the Storm-god. The ex-urban settings of the LBA rock reliefs and the sacred nature of the religion make the work on this subject harder because it also requires philosophical and theological evaluations. The purpose of this thesis is to evaluate the reasons for executing rock reliefs, understanding the depicted scenes, revealing the subject of the depicted figures, and to interpret the purposes of the rock reliefs in LBA and IA. Furthermore, the meaning behind the visualized religious statements will be investigated. -
The Storm-God and Hittite Great King
The Storm-God and Hittite Great King Piotr Taracha Warsaw The Storm-God and the Sun-Goddess of Arinna, supreme deities of the Hittite state pantheon, played a special role in the ideology of kingship throughout the history of the Hittite kingdom. However, after a coup of Muwattalli I and the following seizure of the throne by Tudhaliya I, son of Kantuzzili, a new dynasty of Hurrian origin was installed in Hattusa'. Together with this dynastic change, Tesub replaced the Anatolian Storm-God both as the supreme god in the state cult and as a divine patron of kingship. It is the purpose of this paper to consider the iconographic evidence for special reverence of the king for Tdub in the times of the Hittite New Kingdom. Besides, I shall comment on the prominent role of Tesub of Halab in the dynastic cult. A particular attitude of the king to the supreme deities of the state pantheon finds exgression in his titles NARAM DU "beloved of the Storm-God" and NARAM DU (; DUTU UR Arinna "beloved of the Storm-God and the Sun-Goddess of Arinna". These titles occur, first 2 of all, in cuneiform legends of royal seals of the so called Umarmung type • Princes were "beloved of the Storm-God", too, as attested by impressions (Ba 78/56) of a seal of Kantuzzili MAGNUS.HASTARIUS (= GAL MESEDl) and Tudhaliya MAGNUS.LlTUUS from the Upper 3 City in Hattusa • Admittedly, this title may be associated with the iconography of the royal 4 Umarmung seals , with a central scene showing a figure of the king embraced by the god in the iconic type characteristic of Tesub, as we see it, for instance, in the main scene of the gods' procession in Yazlhkaya. -
Hattušili III. Hattušili Bis Zu Seiner Thronbesteigung
SEXTE DER HETHITER Herausgegeben von A. Kammenhuber Karte:] (Kartei zu S. 146) attusili II Teil I Hattusili bis zu seiner Thronbesteigung Band 1: Historischer Abriß von Ahmet Ünal Heidelberg 1974 Carl Winter • Universitätsverlag Unive; r.itöts- BibliOthek München ISBN 3 533 02395 8 (Kt) ISBN 3 533 02396 6 (Ln) Alle Rechte vorbehalten. © 1974. Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, gegr. 1822, GmbH., Heidelberg Photomechanische Wiedergabe nur mit ausdrücklicher Genehmigung durch den Verlag Imprim6 en Allemagne. Printed in Germany Reproduktion und Druck: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, Heidelberg, Abteilung Druckerei V Inhaltsverzeichnis 1.Band Seite Vorwort VII-VIII Einleitung 1-5 I. Quellen zur Geschichte Hattusilis III. 6-28 II. Hattusilis Selbstdarstellung in seiner sogen. "Autobiographie" 29-35 III. Hattusili unter Mursiii II 36-46 Seine Kindheit - Tawananna-Affäre - Seine Krankheit - Hattusili als "Stallhalftermann" IV. Hattusili unter Muwatalli 47-91 Laufbahn unter Muwatalli - Statthalfterschaft über das Obere Land - Muwatallis kriegeri• sche Unternehmungen im Westen - Ehen seiner Schwester fDINGIR^. IR-i - Kaskäerkämpfe gattusilis - Verlegung der Hauptstadt nach Dattassa - gattusilis Unterkönigtum von gakpis - Die Schlacht bei Kades - Hattusili heiratet Puduhepa - Weitere Ereignisse bis zum Tode Muwatallis V. Arma-datta und Hattusili 92-107 VI. gattusili unter Urh^-Tesub 108-175 Die Leistungen Urhi-Tesubs als Großkönig - Hattusilis Unterkönigtum von Hakpis unter Urhi-Tesub - Urhi-Tesub-Tanuhepa - Hattusilis Staatsstreich - Urhi-Tesub im Exil - Urhi- Tesub-Echo in der späteren Überlieferung VII. Quellen zu "Hattusili als Großkönig" . 176-182 Schlußbemerkungen 183-184 VIII. Geographischer Schauplatz 185-226 VI Inhaltsverze ichnis 2.Band Seite IX. Textbearbeitungen 1. Texte zu Kap.IV: KUB XIX 9 6 - ? KUB XXI 9 8-13 KUB XXI 11 14-17 2. -
THE KINGDOM of the HITTITES This Page Intentionally Left Blank the Kingdom of the Hittites
THE KINGDOM OF THE HITTITES This page intentionally left blank The Kingdom of the Hittites New Edition TREVOR BRYCE 1 3 Great Clarendon Street, Oxford ox2 6dp Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford. It furthers the University’s objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide in Oxford New York Auckland Cape Town Dar es Salaam Hong Kong Karachi Kuala Lumpur Madrid Melbourne Mexico City Nairobi New Delhi Shanghai Taipei Toronto With oYces in Argentina Austria Brazil Chile Czech Republic France Greece Guatemala Hungary Italy Japan Poland Portugal Singapore South Korea Switzerland Thailand Turkey Ukraine Vietnam Oxford is a registered trade mark of Oxford University Press in the UK and in certain other countries Published in the United States by Oxford University Press Inc., New York ß Trevor Bryce 2005 The moral rights of the author have been asserted Database right Oxford University Press (maker) First published 2005 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the prior permission in writing of Oxford University Press, or as expressly permitted by law, or under terms agreed with the appropriate reprographics rights organization. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside the scope of the above should be sent to the Rights Department, Oxford University Press, at the address above You must not circulate this book in any other binding or cover and you must impose the same