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ZESN Book Final HARARE PROVINCE The table also reveals that the number of voters per ward is higher in urban provinces than provinces that are largely rural. This is evidenced by the fact that the average number voters for Harare and Harare Metropolitan province is the capital city of Harare. Ethnically, the city is a mixture of the Bulawayo is 9826 and 10808 respectively. The average number of voters per ward for provinces that Shona, Karanga and the Ndebele. The city was once famously known as the “sunshine” city but in Constituency Profile are largely rural is less than 3000. For example, Mashonaland central has 285 wards and the average recent years, the sun has not been very bright as water shortages, power outages,HARARE uncollected PROVINCE waste, number of voters per ward is 1713. Masvingo has 242 wards and the average number of voters per potholes and a general decline in service delivery have befallen the city. The economic woes that ward is 2889. This has implications for the number of voters that will be able to cast their votes in the characterize the macro economy have been felt in the micro levels as inflation has risen, food March 29 harmonized elections. The electorate in Bulawayo and Harare provinces will experience shortages have been experienced and the people's standards of living have plummeted. The effects pressure during polls as a large number of voters have been crowded in a few wards. of “Operation Murambatsvina” were experienced on a massive scale in the province. In the 2002 presidential election, some urban voters who wished to cast their votes were not able to do as there were long queues and these discouraged voters from casting their votes. Apparently, the same problem could occur in the March 29 polls if the issue of polling stations is not addressed. Such a scenario creates voter apathy in urban areas. HARARE Inconsistencies in the delimitation report A number of errors and inconsistencies have been identified in the Delimitation Report. The ZEC report provided information on all the 1958 wards in the country, in which province, senate constituency, assembly constituency and local government authority ward is located. The total number of voters calculated by local government authority is 514 less than the total figure published for the number of voters for the country. Furthermore, wards in Zimbabwe vary considerably in terms of the number of voters. Ward 20 of Matobo District Council has no voters and Ward 20 in Mhondoro-Ngezi has only one voter. At the other extreme, Ward 30 in Harare Municipality has 25914 voters. Impact of delimitation on elections The manipulation of election boundaries creates elections that are less competitive, especially in packed constituencies. Electoral margins of victory become greater and politicians have safe seats. This increases voter apathy, as the electorate feels that their chances of influencing electoral results by voting are limited. Gerrymandering increases the importance of nomination rather than ultimate approval of the general electorate. This is evidenced by highly contested primary elections as political aspirants seek nomination in safe constituencies. A general win once nominated becomes more or less guaranteed in a gerrymandered constituency. Manipulating constituency boundaries has deleterious effects on the principle of democratic accountability. Candidates no longer fear removal from office with their re-nominations and electoral success due to uncompetitive elections. Moreover, the incumbent politicians have a greatly reduced incentive to govern based on the interests of their constituencies. Gerrymandering also impacts on the costs of campaigning. As constituencies become increasingly concave and oddly elongated, the difficulty of finding transportation and moving around a constituency increases significantly, resulting in higher costs to run for office. This is especially true for Zimbabwe given the high costs of fuel and other supplies. Incumbents have an added advantage as they have access to resource and can therefore freely campaign without resource constraints. Manipulation of constituency boundaries assures a party of victory before the election. The meticulous mapping of constituencies to lock in one-party super majorities guarantees election results long before voters go to the polls thus making a mockery of the whole election process. Consequently, voter apathy results as the electorate feels that their vote is unnecessary and will not bring any difference, especially in constituencies where they are in the minority. Descriptions of constituencies and maps are provided in this production. SUPPORTING DEMOCRATIC ELECTIONS viii 1 SUPPORTING DEMOCRATIC ELECTIONS HARARE NORTH Constituency Profile HARARE NORTH Constituency ProfileConstituency Profile HARARE WEST Harare North is made up of Hatcliffe, a private residents in Helensvale. There is also youths is high and many have resorted to Borrowdale, Greystone Park, Quinnington and a relatively high population of white people in Harare West includes Marlborough, Bluff Hill, selling forex and fuel on the black market. The Helensvale. Hatcliffe is however a high this constituency. A scan of previous election Tynwald, Ashdown Park and Avonlea. This state of the economy is a bone of contention for density suburb that was clustered together with results does not seem to indicate any deviation constituency neighbors Mount Pleasant to the residents, as their middleclass lifestyles have low and medium density suburbs in the 2008 of voter affiliation from the opposition. east and Dzivaresekwa to the south west. It is a deteriorated owing to economic hardships. delimitation exercise. There may be a lack on Although the place is well maintained, mainly new constituency formerly part of Harare Most people in this constituency are commonality of interests especially on by the residents, people in the area are bitter as Central and parts of Dzivarasekwa. This has enlightened and have been agitating for change municipal issues but this may not affect the they have gone for months without tapped reduced Harare Central constituency and has as the constituency has been won by outcome of election results in terms of party water and some residents have had to sink the effect of adding new legislators in the opposition in previous years. representation, opposition has won in previous boreholes on their premises. House of Assembly. The areas are generally elections . Borrowdale Brook is home to the medium density. Unemployment among the REGISTERED VOTERS elite people in Harare. The President also owns REGISTERED VOTERS 26161 24678 Year Candidates Political Party Number of Votes 2000 Nyasha Chikwinya ZANU-PF 4852 Getrude Stevenson MDC 18976 2005 Nyasha Chikwinya ZANU-PF 5134 Trudy Stevenson MDC 11262 SUPPORTING DEMOCRATIC ELECTIONS 2 3 SUPPORTING DEMOCRATIC ELECTIONS HARARE NORTH Constituency Profile HARARE NORTH Constituency ProfileConstituency Profile HARARE WEST Harare North is made up of Hatcliffe, a private residents in Helensvale. There is also youths is high and many have resorted to Borrowdale, Greystone Park, Quinnington and a relatively high population of white people in Harare West includes Marlborough, Bluff Hill, selling forex and fuel on the black market. The Helensvale. Hatcliffe is however a high this constituency. A scan of previous election Tynwald, Ashdown Park and Avonlea. This state of the economy is a bone of contention for density suburb that was clustered together with results does not seem to indicate any deviation constituency neighbors Mount Pleasant to the residents, as their middleclass lifestyles have low and medium density suburbs in the 2008 of voter affiliation from the opposition. east and Dzivaresekwa to the south west. It is a deteriorated owing to economic hardships. delimitation exercise. There may be a lack on Although the place is well maintained, mainly new constituency formerly part of Harare Most people in this constituency are commonality of interests especially on by the residents, people in the area are bitter as Central and parts of Dzivarasekwa. This has enlightened and have been agitating for change municipal issues but this may not affect the they have gone for months without tapped reduced Harare Central constituency and has as the constituency has been won by outcome of election results in terms of party water and some residents have had to sink the effect of adding new legislators in the opposition in previous years. representation, opposition has won in previous boreholes on their premises. House of Assembly. The areas are generally elections . Borrowdale Brook is home to the medium density. Unemployment among the REGISTERED VOTERS elite people in Harare. The President also owns REGISTERED VOTERS 26161 24678 Year Candidates Political Party Number of Votes 2000 Nyasha Chikwinya ZANU-PF 4852 Getrude Stevenson MDC 18976 2005 Nyasha Chikwinya ZANU-PF 5134 Trudy Stevenson MDC 11262 SUPPORTING DEMOCRATIC ELECTIONS 2 3 SUPPORTING DEMOCRATIC ELECTIONS MOUNT PLEASANT Constituency Profile HARARE NORTH Constituency ProfileConstituency Profile HARARE EAST Mount Pleasant comprises Northwood, Mount Business viability is the main concern for Harare East is made up of Chikurubi, shortages of basic commodities and the Pleasant, Groombridge, Little Norfolk, residents as many have business ventures they Highlands, Greendale and Mandara. It is general rise in the cost of living. Residents in Vainona Borrowdale West and Alexandra run. There has been a recent surge of power and located
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