Digest of Criminal Laws 2019
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D I DIGEST G OF E CRIMINAL S T LAWS A service of the Maryland Police and Correctional Training Commissions Albert L. Liebno, Acting Executive Director Department of Public Safety and Correctional Services Robert L. Green, Secretary State of Maryland Larry, Hogan, Governor Boyd K. Rutherford, Lt. Governor 2 0 1 REVISED OCTOBER 1, 2019 Printed on Recycled Paper 9 DIGEST OF CRIMINAL LAWS October 1, 2019 Distributed by: Maryland Police and Correctional Training Commissions 6852 4th Street Sykesville, Maryland 21784 TABLE OF CONTENTS I. Useful Phone and Contact Information ..................................7 II. General Police Powers ..............................................................9 Arrest – Authority .......................................................................9 Authority of Federal Law Enforcement Officers ................10 Authority of Police Officers .................................................9 Charging by Citation ..........................................................10 Definition: Distinction Between Felony Arrests and Misdemeanor Arrests ..........................................................9 Exemptions from Arrest ......................................................10 Arrest Powers and Other Authority – Miscellaneous Officer ...18 Authority of Officers of Other States to Arrest in Maryland – Fresh Pursuit ...............................................22 Authority of Parole and Probation Agents ..........................18 Humane Society Officers Arrest Powers – Cruelty ............22 Military Department Powers When Ordered Into Service of State ..............................................................21 National Guard – Police Powers On-Site Technicians ........22 Powers of Correctional Officer, Parole and Probation Officers ...........................................................................18 Powers of State Fire Marshal and Assistants ......................19 Powers of Security Guards at Nuclear Power Plants ..........20 Railroad Police ....................................................................21 Special Police Officers ........................................................20 Enforcement of Vehicle-Related Laws .....................................24 Authority to Charge ............................................................24 Arrest – Vehicle Laws .........................................................24 Police Order for Assistance from a Motor Vehicle Operator .........................................................................25 Entry of Premises ......................................................................25 Entry with Warrant ..............................................................26 Warrantless Entry ................................................................25 Evidence Generally .............................................................................29 Evidence – DNA .................................................................32 Statements of Witnesses ......................................................32 Evidence Obtained by Electronic Means ..................................32 Law Enforcement – Access to Location Information from an Electronic Device .............................................35 Lawful Disclosure of Use of Contents of Communication ....33 Manufacture, Possession, or Sale of Intercepting Device ...32 Wiretaps ..............................................................................32 Breaking and Entering to place or remove Wiretapping/ Surveillance Equipment .................................................32 Executing an Arrest ...................................................................16 Force in Making an Arrest ..................................................16 Detention/Arrest of Foreign Nationals – Consular Notification ....................................................................18 Duty to Semiconscious or Unconscious Suspects ..............17 Removing a Firearm from a Law Enforcement Officer ......17 Resisting or Interfering with Arrest ....................................17 Extradition – Uniform Act ........................................................35 Fresh Pursuit .............................................................................22 Definition, Conditions, and Authority of Officers ..............22 1 Fresh Pursuit Authority of Officers of Other States to Arrest in Maryland .........................................................23 Pursuit of Officers Across Maryland/Virginia Water Boundaries ..........................................................................23 Searches ....................................................................................26 Consent to Search ...............................................................26 Search Warrants ..................................................................26 Administrative Search Warrants – Fire Premises................27 Limited Search, Seizure, and Arrest – Person Carrying/ Transporting Firearm .....................................................28 Public School Student Search .............................................27 Warrantless Arrest .....................................................................12 In General ............................................................................12 Warrantless Arrest – Domestic Abuse .................................13 Warrantless Arrest for Commission of Specified Crime .....12 Warrantless During State of Emergency .............................14 Warrantless Arrest – Stalking ..............................................14 Warrantless Arrest – Violation of Protective Order ............13 Warrants For Arrest and Charging Documents .........................14 Warrant of Arrest .................................................................14 Bench Warrant .....................................................................15 Execution of Arrest Warrant – Defendant Not in Custody ... 15 Filing of Charging Document .............................................16 Hospital Warrant .................................................................16 Retake Warrant ....................................................................16 III. Criminal Responsibility ..........................................................37 Conspiracy ................................................................................37 Accessory ..................................................................................37 Proof of Intent – Fraud, Theft, and Related Crimes..................37 Infancy ......................................................................................38 IV. Alphabetical Listing of Criminal Laws .................................39 Abandoned Property .................................................................39 Abduction ..................................................................................39 Abuse or Neglect of Vulnerable Adults – 1st Degree ...............40 Advertising ................................................................................42 Aircraft ......................................................................................43 Alcoholic Beverage Laws .........................................................44 Animals .....................................................................................49 Arson and Burning ....................................................................54 Assault.......................................................................................57 Blackmail, Extortion and Other Threats ...................................59 Boats and Watercraft .................................................................62 Bribery ......................................................................................64 Burglary and Related Crimes ....................................................65 Cemeteries and Human Remains ..............................................69 Children and Minors .................................................................70 Computers .................................................................................88 Controlled Dangerous Substances, Drugs, Prescriptions and Inhalants .......................................................................90 Convicts – Fugitives and Escape ............................................113 Correctional Facilities .............................................................115 Counterfeiting and Forgery .....................................................119 Credit Card Offenses ...............................................................123 Destructive Devices ................................................................129 2 Disorderly Conduct, Disturbance of the Public Peace, Nuisances ..........................................................................130 Domestic Violence ..................................................................134 Electronic Communications and Transmissions .....................143 Embezzlement .........................................................................152 Emergency Evaluations...........................................................152 Environmental Issues/Crimes .................................................155 False Alarm – Fire, Ambulance, Rescue Squad ......................156 False statements ......................................................................156 Firearms ..................................................................................158 Fireworks ................................................................................180