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Emissions Gap Emissions Gap Emissions Gap Report 2020 © 2020 United Nations Environment Programme ISBN: 978-92-807-3812-4 Job number: DEW/2310/NA This publication may be reproduced in whole or in part and in any form for educational or non-profit services without special permission from the copyright holder, provided acknowledgement of the source is made. The United Nations Environment Programme would appreciate receiving a copy of any publication that uses this publication as a source. No use of this publication may be made for resale or any other commercial purpose whatsoever without prior permission in writing from the United Nations Environment Programme. Applications for such permission, with a statement of the purpose and extent of the reproduction, should be addressed to the Director, Communication Division, United Nations Environment Programme, P. O. Box 30552, Nairobi 00100, Kenya. Disclaimers The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the United Nations Environment Programme concerning the legal status of any country, territory or city or its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. For general guidance on matters relating to the use of maps in publications please go to http://www.un.org/Depts/Cartographic/english/ htmain.htm Mention of a commercial company or product in this document does not imply endorsement by the United Nations Environment Programme or the authors. The use of information from this document for publicity or advertising is not permitted. Trademark names and symbols are used in an editorial fashion with no intention on infringement of trademark or copyright laws. The views expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the United Nations Environment Programme. We regret any errors or omissions that may have been unwittingly made. © Maps, photos and illustrations as specified Suggested citation United Nations Environment Programme (2020). Emissions Gap Report 2020. Nairobi. Production United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and UNEP DTU Partnership (UDP). https://www.unep.org/emissions-gap-report-2020 Supported by: UNEP promotes environmentally sound practices globally and in its own activities. Our distribution policy aims to reduce UNEP's carbon footprint. Emissions Gap Report 2020 Emissions Gap Report 2020 Acknowledgements The United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) would Chapter 3 like to thank the members of the steering committee, the Lead authors: Joeri Rogelj (Grantham Institute, Imperial lead and contributing authors, reviewers and the secretariat College London, UK; International Institute for Applied for their contribution to the preparation of this assessment Systems Analysis – IIASA, Austria), Michel den Elzen report. Authors and reviewers have contributed to the report (PBL Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency, the in their individual capacities. Their affiliations are only Netherlands) and Joana Portugal Pereira (Graduate School mentioned for identification purposes. of Engineering (COPPE), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil) Project steering committee Juliane Berger (German Environment Agency), John Contributing authors: Niklas Höhne (NewClimate Institute, Christensen (UNEP DTU Partnership), Navroz K. Dubash Germany), Daniel Huppmann (International Institute for (Centre for Policy Research, India), James Foster (UK Applied Systems Analysis – IIASA, Austria), Gunnar Luderer Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy), (Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, Germany) Samuel Karslake (UK Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy), Mike Keoghan (UK Department Chapter 4 for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy), Jian Liu Lead authors: Niklas Höhne (NewClimate Institute, (UNEP), Simon Maxwell (independent), Surabi Menon Germany), Frederic Hans (NewClimate Institute, Germany) (ClimateWorks Foundation), Bert Metz (European Climate and Anne Olhoff (UNEP DTU Partnership, Denmark) Foundation), Katia Simeonova (United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change – UNFCCC), Priyadarshi Contributing authors: Parth Bhatia (Centre for Policy Shukla (Ahmedabad University) and Oksana Tarasova Research, India), Brian O'Callaghan (University of Oxford, (World Meteorological Organization) UK), Sherillyn Raga (Overseas Development Institute, UK), Nigel Yau (University of Oxford, UK) Authors Chapter 5 Chapter 1 Lead authors: Jasper Faber (CE Delft, the Netherlands) and Author: Anne Olhoff (UNEP DTU Partnership, Denmark) David S. Lee (Manchester Metropolitan University, UK) Chapter 2 Contributing authors: Susanne Becken (Griffith University, Lead authors: Takeshi Kuramochi (NewClimate Australia), James J. Corbett (Energy and Environmental Institute, Germany), Michel den Elzen (PBL Netherlands Research Associates, USA), Nick Cumpsty (Imperial Environmental Assessment Agency, the Netherlands) and College London, UK), Gregg Fleming (Volpe Center, U.S. Glen P. Peters (Center for International Climate Research – Department of Transportation, USA), Tore Longva (DNV GL, CICERO, Norway) Norway), Marianne Tronstad Lund (Center for International Climate Research – CICERO, Norway), Tristan Smith Contributing authors: Caitlin Bergh (University of Cape (University College London, UK) Town, South Africa), Monica Crippa (Joint Research Centre/ European Commission, European Union (EU)), Andreas Chapter 6 Geiges (Climate Analytics, Germany), Catrina Godinho Lead authors: Stuart Capstick (Cardiff University, Centre (HUMBOLDT-VIADRINA Governance Platform, Germany), for Climate Change and Social Transformations, Tyndall Sofia Gonzales-Zuñiga (NewClimate Institute, Germany), Centre for Climate Change Research, UK), Radhika Khosla Ursula Fuentes Hutfilter (Climate Analytics, Germany), Kimon (University of Oxford, UK) and Susie Wang (Climate Keramidas (Joint Research Centre/European Commission, Outreach, UK) EU), Yong Gun Kim (Korea Environment Institute, the Republic of Korea), Swithin Lui (NewClimate Institute, Germany), Zhu Contributing authors: Nicole van den Berg (Utrecht Liu (Tsinghua University, China), Jos Olivier (PBL Netherlands University, the Netherlands), Diana Ivanova (University of Environmental Assessment Agency, the Netherlands), Leeds, UK), Ilona M. Otto (Wegener Center for Climate and Leonardo Nascimento (NewClimate Institute, Germany), Global Change, University of Graz, and Potsdam Institute for Joana Portugal Pereira (Graduate School of Engineering Climate Impact Research, Germany), Timothy Gore (Oxfam (COPPE), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil), International, UK), Adam Corner (Climate Outreach, Centre Değer Saygin (SHURA, Turkey), Claire Stockwell (Climate for Climate Change and Social Transformations, UK), Lewis Analytics, Germany), Jorge Villareal (Iniciativa Climática de Akenji (Hot or Cool Institute, Germany), Claire Hoolohan México, Mexico), William Wills (COPPE, Universidade Federal (University of Manchester, Centre for Climate Change and do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil) Social Transformations, Tyndall Centre for Climate Change Research, UK), Kate Power (KR Foundation, Denmark), Lorraine Whitmarsh (University of Bath, Centre for Climate Change and Social Transformations, Tyndall Centre for Climate Change Research, UK) V Emissions Gap Report 2020 Reviewers (International Energy Agency), Jacob Teter (International Thibaut Abergel (International Energy Agency), Ritu Energy Agency), Tom Van Ierland (EU Directorate-General Ahuja (The Energy and Resources Institute), Juan-Carlos for Climate Action), Tiffany Vass (International Energy Altamirano (World Resources Institute), Pieter Boot (PBL Agency), Benjamin Walker (UK Department for Business, Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency, the Energy and Industrial Strategy), George Williams (UK Netherlands), Kathryn Jennifer Bowen (Australian National Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy), University), Laura Brimont (Institute for Sustainable Zhao Xiusheng (Tsinghua University) Development and International Relations), Jan Burck (Germanwatch), Marina Bylinsky (Airports Council Chief scientific editors International Europe), Sylvain Cail (Enerdata), Katherine Anne Olhoff (UNEP DTU Partnership) and John Christensen Calvin (Pacific Northwest National Laboratory), Nicolas (UNEP DTU Partnership) Campion (Danish Technical University), Jasmin Cantzler (GIZ), Cyril Cassisa (International Energy Agency), Rachel Editorial support Chi Kiu Mok (World Bank), Laura Cozzi (International Energy Olivier Bois von Kursk (UNEP DTU Partnership) and James Agency), Daniel Crow (International Energy Agency), Sophia Haselip (UNEP DTU Partnership) David (UK Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy), Chiara Delmastro (International Energy Agency), Secretariat and project coordination Steffen Dockweiler (Klimarådet), Sebastian Eastham Anne Olhoff (UNEP DTU Partnership), Olivier Bois von Kursk (Massachusetts Institute of Technology), Lukas Fesenfeld (UNEP DTU Partnership), John Christensen (UNEP DTU (ETH Zurich), Olivia Flynn (UK Department for Transport), Partnership), Kaisa Uusimaa (UNEP), Maarten Kappelle (UNEP), James Foster (UK Department for Business, Energy and Ying Wang (UNEP) and Edoardo Zandri (UNEP) Industrial Strategy), Andreas Frömelt (ETH Zurich), Katja Funke (International Monetary Fund), Harikumar Gadde Media and launch support (World Bank), Mengpin Ge (World Resources Institute),
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