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Jihad-Cum-Zionism-Leninism: Overthrowing the World, German-Style
Jihad-cum-Zionism-Leninism: Overthrowing the World, German-Style Sean McMeekin Historically Speaking, Volume 12, Number 3, June 2011, pp. 2-5 (Article) Published by The Johns Hopkins University Press DOI: 10.1353/hsp.2011.0046 For additional information about this article http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/hsp/summary/v012/12.3.mcmeekin.html Access Provided by Bilkent Universitesi at 11/26/12 5:31PM GMT 2 Historically Speaking • June 2011 JIHAD-CUM-ZIONISM-LENINISM: ISTORICALLY PEAKING H S OVERTHROWING THE WORLD, June 2011 Vol. XII No. 3 GERMAN-STYLE CONTENTS Jihad-cum-Zionism-Leninism: 2 Sean McMeekin Overthrowing the World, German-Style Sean McMeekin Is “Right Turn” the Wrong Frame for 6 American History after the 1960s? t is often said that the First World War David T. Courtwright marks a watershed in modern history. From the mobilization of armies of un- The Politics of Religion in 8 I fathomable size—more than 60 million men put Modern America: A Review Essay on uniforms between 1914 and 1918—to the no Aaron L. Haberman less mind-boggling human cost of the conflict, Military History at the Operational Level: 10 both at the front and beyond it (estimated mili- An Interview with Robert M. Citino tary and civilian deaths were nearly equal, at Conducted by Donald A. Yerxa some 8 million each), the war of 1914 broke all historical precedent in the scale of its devasta- The Birth of Classical Europe: 13 An Interview with Simon Price and Peter tion. Ruling houses that had endured for cen- Thonemann turies—the Romanov, Habsburg, and Conducted by Donald A. -
Stoney Road out of Eden: the Struggle to Recover Insurance For
Scholarly Commons @ UNLV Boyd Law Scholarly Works Faculty Scholarship 2012 Stoney Road Out of Eden: The Struggle to Recover Insurance for Armenian Genocide Deaths and Its Implications for the Future of State Authority, Contract Rights, and Human Rights Jeffrey W. Stempel University of Nevada, Las Vegas -- William S. Boyd School of Law Sarig Armenian David McClure University of Nevada, Las Vegas -- William S. Boyd School of Law, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholars.law.unlv.edu/facpub Part of the Contracts Commons, Human Rights Law Commons, Insurance Law Commons, Law and Politics Commons, National Security Law Commons, and the President/Executive Department Commons Recommended Citation Stempel, Jeffrey W.; Armenian, Sarig; and McClure, David, "Stoney Road Out of Eden: The Struggle to Recover Insurance for Armenian Genocide Deaths and Its Implications for the Future of State Authority, Contract Rights, and Human Rights" (2012). Scholarly Works. 851. https://scholars.law.unlv.edu/facpub/851 This Article is brought to you by the Scholarly Commons @ UNLV Boyd Law, an institutional repository administered by the Wiener-Rogers Law Library at the William S. Boyd School of Law. For more information, please contact [email protected]. STONEY ROAD OUT OF EDEN: THE STRUGGLE TO RECOVER INSURANCE FOR ARMENIAN GENOCIDE DEATHS AND ITS IMPLICATIONS FOR THE FUTURE OF STATE AUTHORITY, CONTRACT RIGHTS, AND HUMAN RIGHTS Je:jrev' W. Stempel Saris' ArInenian Davi' McClure* Intro d uctio n .................................................... 3 I. The Long Road to the Genocide Insurance Litigation ...... 7 A. The Millet System of Non-Geographic Ethno-Religious Administrative Autonomy ........................... -
Russian Origins of the First World War
The Russian Origins of the First World War The Russian Origins of the First World War Sean McMeekin The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press Cambridge, Massachusetts • London, Eng land 2011 Copyright © 2011 by Sean McMeekin All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America Library of Congress Cataloging-in- Publication Data McMeekin, Sean, 1974– The Russian origins of the First World War / Sean McMeekin. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-674-06210-8 (alk. paper) 1. World War, 1914–1918—Causes. 2. World War, 1914–1918—Russia. 3. Russia—Foreign relations—1894–1917. 4. Imperialism—History— 20th century. 5. World War, 1914–1918—Campaigns—Eastern Front. 6. World War, 1914–1918—Campaigns—Middle East. I. Title. D514.M35 2011 940.3'11—dc23 2011031427 For Ayla Contents Abbreviations ix Author’s Note xi Introduction: History from the Deep Freeze 1 1. The Strategic Imperative in 1914 6 2. It Takes Two to Tango: The July Crisis 41 3. Russia’s War: The Opening Round 76 4. Turkey’s Turn 98 5. The Russians and Gallipoli 115 6. Russia and the Armenians 141 7. The Russians in Persia 175 8. Partitioning the Ottoman Empire 194 9. 1917: The Tsarist Empire at Its Zenith 214 Conclusion: The October Revolution and Historical Amnesia 234 Notes 245 Bibliography 289 Acknowledgments 303 Index 307 Maps The Russian Empire on the Eve of World War I 8 The Polish Salient 18 The Peacetime Deployment of Russia’s Army Corps 20 The Initial Mobilization Pattern on the Eastern Front 83 Russian Claims on Austrian and German Territory 91 “The Straits,” and Russian Claims on Them 132 Russia and the Armenians 167 Persia and the Caucasian Front 187 The Partition of the Ottoman Empire 206 The Eastern Front 219 Abbreviations ATASE Askeri Tarih ve Stratejik Etüt Başkanlığı Arşivi (Archive of the Turkish Gen- eral Staff). -
Austria-Hungary and the First World War », Histoire@Politique
Alan Sked, « Austria-Hungary and the First World War », Histoire@Politique. Politique, culture, société, n° 22, janvier-avril 2014 [en ligne, www.histoire-politique.fr] Austria-Hungary and the First World War Alan Sked In a lecture to the Royal Historical Society some years ago,1 I2 distinguished between two schools of thought regarding the role of the Habsburg Monarchy in the origins of the First World War. The first regarded the failure of the dynasty to implement domestic reforms, particularly some timely, well-designed scheme for federal reorganization, as having forced it in 1914 to go to war to prevent the ‘nationality question’ from destabilizing, indeed destroying it from within. This school of thought was particularly associated with American historians. The second school, associated mainly with British historians, argued that the ‘nationality question’ was irrelevant in 1914; war came about, instead, on account of questions of foreign policy and dynastic honour or prestige. I myself have always supported this second viewpoint which is clear from my Decline and Fall of the Habsburg Empire, 1815-1918 (2001).3 In it I argue that the decision to declare war on Serbia was explicable though hardly rational, given the Monarchy’s military unpreparedness and the likelihood of a world war ensuing, and given that Franz Joseph in the past had managed to co-exist with a united Germany and Italy after successful military challenges to Austria’s leadership in both these countries. There is now, of course, a huge literature on the origins of the First World War, and a large one on a variety of aspects of the ‘nationality question’ inside the Monarchy in the period leading up to 1914. -
Stalin's War and Peace by Nina L. Khrushcheva
Stalin’s War and Peace by Nina L. Khrushcheva - Project Syndicate 5/7/21, 12:57 PM Global Bookmark Stalin’s War and Peace May 7, 2021 | NINA L. KHRUSHCHEVA Sean McMeekin, Stalin’s War: A New History of World War II, Allen Lane, London; Basic Books, New York, 2021. Jonathan Haslam, The Spectre of War: International Communism and the Origins of World War II, Princeton University Press, 2021. Norman M. Naimark, Stalin and the Fate of Europe: The Postwar Struggle for Sovereignty, Harvard University Press, 2019. Francine Hirsch, Soviet Judgment at Nuremberg: A New History of the International Military Tribunal after World War II, Oxford University Press, 2020. MOSCOW – From the 2008 war in Georgia to the 2014 annexation of Crimea and the build- up of troops along Ukraine’s eastern and southern borders just this spring, Russia’s actions in recent years have been increasingly worrying. Could history – in particular, the behavior of Joseph Stalin’s Soviet Union after World War II – give Western leaders the insights they need to mitigate the threat? The authors of several recent books about Stalin seem to think so. But not everyone gets the story right. Instead, modern observers often fall into the trap of reshaping history to fit prevailing ideological molds. This has fed an often-sensationalized narrative that is not only unhelpful, but that also plays into Russian President Vladimir Putin’s hands. Nowhere is this more obvious than in the perception, popular in the West, that Putin is a strategic genius – always thinking several moves ahead. Somehow, Putin anticipates his https://www.project-syndicate.org/onpoint/stalin-putin-russia-rel…ad5b7d8-3e09706d97-104308209&mc_cid=3e09706d97&mc_eid=b29a3cca96 Page 1 of 8 Stalin’s War and Peace by Nina L. -
Journal of Anglo-Turkish Relations Volume 2 Number 2 June 2021
Journal of Anglo-Turkish Relations Volume 2 Number 2 June 2021 Portraits from War to Peace: Britain and Turkey (1914-1939) Nur Bilge Criss1 Abstract The purpose of this article is threefold. One is to address an age-old foreign policy framework that shaped Anglo-Turkish relations prior to and in the aftermath of World War I (WWI). Namely, how the Eastern Question came to bear on the ideational level and in practice in Anglo-Ottoman/Turkish relations. Secondly, punitive peace conditions were imposed on the Central Powers under the unprecedented demand for unconditional surrender. Victors did not take into consideration the possibility of resistance, let alone armed resistance from the defunct Ottoman Empire whose core territories, including its capital were under Allied occupation. A state of war continued until a negotiated peace was concluded in 1924. Peace-making was formalized in 1920, but mainly in terms dictated by the Allies. Hence, a state of war continued until resistance prevailed in 1924. The third aspect of the saga was peacebuilding. European conjuncture of the 1930s forced London and Ankara, by then the capital of the Republic of Turkey, to mend fences albeit reluctantly for the former, but facilitated by diplomats. Consequently, inspired by the English poet Alexander Pope that “the proper study of mankind is man,”2 this article analyses the politics of war, its aftermath, peace-making, and peacebuilding through portraits of public influencers, decision makers and diplomats who were practitioners of policy. Inherent during this timeframe is how assumptions about their political future resonated on their Turkish interlocutors. -
History's Greatest Heist
History’s Greatest Heist: The Looting of Russia by the Bolsheviks. By Sean McMeekin. Yale University Press: New Haven and London, 2009. xxii, 302 pp. Dramatis Personae. Notes. Selected Bibliography. Acknowledgements. Index. Photographs. Hard Bound. During Russia’s years of revolution and civil war the Bolsheviks bought hundreds of millions of dollars of goods on the world market. At the time Soviet Russia had little or nothing to sell. There was no chance of new credit; the existing creditors of Russia’s old regime were claiming billions of dollars from its successor in European courts. The Bolsheviks paid for the goods they needed, therefore, in gold and other precious metals and stones. How they did this is the subject of History’s Greatest Heist by Sean McMeekin, assistant professor of international relations at Bilkent University in Ankara, Turkey. This fascinating story, investigated from the archives of seven countries and in memoirs and secondary sources, falls into two parts. The first part, “The Heist,” recounts the stripping of gold and silver, jewellery, art and antiques, and paper denominated in foreign currencies from state and private banks, households, and churches, “mobilized” into the hands of the new regime and used to pay for Soviet Russia’s foreign trade. These are exciting chapters, with a plot that is mostly new. “Mostly”: the Bolshevik takeover of the Russian state bank and the bankers’ strike that followed, for example, were outlined by E. H. Carr in The Bolshevik Revolution, 1917-1923 (1952: volume 2, pp. 136-143). With a mass of new sources, however, McMeekin makes a lively human story that mixes tragedy and comedy. -
Better Now Than Later Jack Snyder the Paradox of 1914 As Everyone’S Favored Year for War
Better Now Than Later Better Now Than Later Jack Snyder The Paradox of 1914 as Everyone’s Favored Year for War One reason why Europe went to war in 1914 is that all of the continental great powers judged it a favorable moment for a ªght, and all were pessimistic about postponing the ªght until later. On its face, this explanation constitutes a paradox. Still, each power had a superªcially plausible reason for thinking this was true. Germany wanted to ªght to forestall the planned future growth of Russian military might. France wanted to ªght because the Balkan casus belli would bring Russia into the war, guaranteeing that France would not be left to face the German army alone. Austria wanted to ªght because Germany had given it a blank check to help solve its endemic, existential security problems in the Balkans. Russia wanted to ªght because, unlike in some previous Balkan crises, its army was reasonably prepared and France was already committed to ªght. All of these reasons, however, especially Russia’s, prompt crucial questions in ways that merely deepen the paradox. The basic facts about the military and economic capabilities of the powers, their likely war plans, and their domestic political constraints were more or less common knowledge. What would hap- pen in the event of war was fraught with great uncertainty, but this largely shared unknown did not include huge asymmetries of private knowledge. Moreover, key statesmen in each of the powers considered defeat and social upheaval to lie within the scope of possibility. In a dark moment, German Chief of the General Staff Helmuth von Moltke said that he expected “a war which will annihilate the civilization of almost the whole of Europe for de- cades to come” and bring pressures for revolution.1 German Chancellor Jack Snyder is Robert and Renée Belfer Professor of International Relations in the Department of Political Science and the Saltzman Institute of War and Peace Studies at Columbia University. -
A New History. by Sean Mcmeekin. (New York, NY: Basic Books, 2017
© 2018 Phi Alpha Theta BOOK REVIEWS EDITORIAL OFFICE: University of South Florida, 4202 East Fowler Avenue, SOC 107, Tampa, FL 33620-8100. Telephone: 740-368-3642. Facsimile: 740-368-3643 E-MAIL ADDRESS: [email protected] WEB ADDRESS: http://go.owu.edu/~brhistor EDITOR Jonathan Scott Perry University of South Florida Sarasota-Manatee CONSULTING EDITOR Richard Spall Jnr. Ohio Wesleyan University SENIOR EDITORIAL ASSISTANTS Alyssa DiPadova Kelsey Heath Henry Sloan Kyle Rabung EDITORIAL ASSISTANTS Amanda Hays Maddie Lancaster Jason Perry Haley Mees Slater Sabo Christopher Shanley WORD PROCESSING: Laurie George © 2018 Phi Alpha Theta AFRICA AND THE MIDDLE EAST Market Encounters: Consumer Cultures in Twentieth-Century Ghana. By Bianca Murillo. (Athens, OH: Ohio University Press, 2017. Pp. vii, 232. $32.95.) Agency has long been a central concern of historians of Africa. Past studies of agricultural innovations, labor unrest, and “informal” trade have allowed us to see African peoples not as passive economic actors but as empowered producers who pursued their own aims amid the imposition of exploitative colonial econo- mies. Few studies, however, have examined African consumerism or the ways in which the creation of African consumer cultures was more than a byproduct of colonial or global capitalism. In Market Encounters: Consumer Cultures in Twentieth-Century Ghana, Bianca Murillo offers a stimulating corrective to this imbalance. Presented as an “attempt to explore the multitude of relationships that shaped Ghana’s economic reality and structured capitalist exchange” in the British colony of the Gold Coast turned independent nation of Ghana (1957), her book deploys archival and oral sources to explore “the complex social ter- rains that made the buying and selling of goods in modern Ghana possible” (6). -
American Academy of Arts and Sciences
AMERICAN ACADEMY OF ARTS AND SCIENCES Mr. KERRY. Mr. President: I rise today to commend the American Academy of Arts and Sciences on the occasion of the institution’s October 1, 2011 Induction ceremony for the 231st class of members in Cambridge, Massachusetts. These 211 new members earned election to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences for extraordinary individual achievement and are among the world’s most influential artists, scientists, scholars, authors, and institutional leaders. In accepting membership into the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, these individuals agreed to contribute their talents, experience and knowledge to help the Academy advance the nation’s social welfare. The American Academy of Arts and Sciences is an august, quintessentially American institution founded by Massachusetts’ own John Adams and other scholar-patriots during our nation’s struggle for Independence. The American Academy of Arts and Sciences is currently chaired by Louis W. Cabot and led by President Leslie C. Berlowitz and is a vital center of knowledge focused on the great challenges and concerns of the day, from science and technology policy to global security; social policy to the humanities; and culture, and education. I won’t read all 211 of the new member’s names, but listed among these brilliant individuals are; Dr. Daniel Arie Haber, the leading physician-scientist whose research has focused on the molecular genetics of human cancer. He identified genes implicated in breast cancer development and in Wilms’ tumor, a children’s kidney cancer. Chester C. Langway Jr., who is responsible for launching the era of deep ice core drilling programs. -
Chapaev and His Comrades War and the Russian Literary Hero Across the Twentieth Century Cultural Revolutions: Russia in the Twentieth Century
Chapaev and His Comrades War and the Russian Literary Hero across the Twentieth Century Cultural Revolutions: Russia in the Twentieth Century Editorial Board: Anthony Anemone (Th e New School) Robert Bird (Th e University of Chicago) Eliot Borenstein (New York University) Angela Brintlinger (Th e Ohio State University) Karen Evans-Romaine (Ohio University) Jochen Hellbeck (Rutgers University) Lilya Kaganovsky (University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign) Christina Kiaer (Northwestern University) Alaina Lemon (University of Michigan) Simon Morrison (Princeton University) Eric Naiman (University of California, Berkeley) Joan Neuberger (University of Texas, Austin) Ludmila Parts (McGill University) Ethan Pollock (Brown University) Cathy Popkin (Columbia University) Stephanie Sandler (Harvard University) Boris Wolfson (Amherst College), Series Editor Chapaev and His Comrades War and the Russian Literary Hero across the Twentieth Century Angela Brintlinger Boston 2012 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data: a bibliographic record for this title is available from the Library of Congress. Copyright © 2012 Academic Studies Press All rights reserved ISBN - 978-1-61811-202-6, Hardback ISBN - 978-1-61811-203-3, Electronic Cover design by Ivan Grave On the cover: “Zatishie na perednem krae,” 1942, photograph by Max Alpert. Published by Academic Studies Press in 2012 28 Montfern Avenue Brighton, MA 02135, USA [email protected] www.academicstudiespress.com Effective December 12th, 2017, this book will be subject to a CC-BY-NC license. To view a copy of this license, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/. Other than as provided by these licenses, no part of this book may be reproduced, transmitted, or displayed by any electronic or mechanical means without permission from the publisher or as permitted by law. -
Fall Semester 2021
Rethink Learning Discovery Vitality Camaraderie Enrichment Creativity BACK on campus BLENDED than BETTER ever FALL SEMESTER 2021 TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 7–MONDAY, DECEMBER 13, 2021 CONTENTS 3 Back, Blended, Better 4 Return to Campus Q&A 5 From the Director 6 How to Register and Become a Member 8 Fall Membership Options 9 Study Groups At-A-Glance 14 Study Group Descriptions 55 Technology Overview 56 Upcoming Fall Events 59 Chicago Campus Map 60 Evanston Location Map 61 Registration Policies, Refund Policies, Standards of Conduct 65 Calendar 66 Index: Return to Campus Q&A 72 Resources KEY DATES: Sunday, August 1: Fall memberships available for purchase Please take advantage of this extra time to buy your membership early. Then, when registration opens, all you will need to do is select your study groups and quickly check out. Monday, August 16 at 9 a.m.: Fall study group registration opens Monday, August 30 at 9 a.m.: Fall study group registration closes Osher Lifelong Learning Institute MISSION STATEMENT The mission of the Osher Lifelong Learning Institute (OLLI) is to enable the continuation of learning and intellectual pursuit for a community of mature adults. As a special program of Northwestern University’s School of Professional Studies, OLLI offers a comprehensive curriculum of peer-led discussion groups covering topics in areas such as literature, history, politics, science, philosophy, current affairs, and the arts. OLLI welcomes diversity in its membership, and has no academic prerequisites or age restrictions. Contents 2 sps.northwestern.edu/olli OLLI is BACK on campus BLENDED BETTER than ever BACK: Northwestern OLLI will be back on campus this fall.