The Kennan Institute 38

KENNAN INSTITUTE 30 Year Report

KENNAN INSTITUTE

KENNAN INSTITUTE 30 Year Report Kennan Institute Staff Blair A. Ruble, Director Margaret Paxson, Senior Associate Nancy Popson, Senior Associate F. Joseph Dresen, Program Associate Jennifer Giglio, Program Associate Atiq Sarwari, Program Associate Summer Brown, Program Specialist Edita Krunkaityte, Program Assistant Erin Trouth, Program Assistant

Kennan Moscow Project Galina Levina, Program Manager Ekaterina Alekseeva, Program Manager and Editor Irina Petrova, Office Manager Pavel Korolev, Program Officer Anna Toker, Accountant Murad Pateev, Technical Support

Kennan Kyiv Project Yaroslav Pylynskyi, Project Manager Nataliya Samozvanova, Office Manager WOODROW WILSON INTERNATIONAL CENTER FOR SCHOLARS Lee H. Hamilton, Director

BOARD OF TRUSTEES Joseph B. Gildenhorn, Chair; David A. Metzner, Vice Chair. Public Members: James H. Billington, Librarian of Congress; John W. Carlin, Archivist of the United States; Bruce Cole, Chair, National Endowment for the Humanities; Roderick R. Paige, Secretary, U.S. Department of Education; Colin L. Powell, Secretary, U.S. Department of State; Lawrence M. Small, Secretary, Smithsonian Institution; Tommy G. Thompson, Secretary, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Private Citizen Members: Joseph A. Cari, Jr., Carol Cartwright, Donald E. Garcia, Bruce S. Gelb, Daniel L. Lamaute, Tamala L. Longaberger, Thomas R. Reedy

WILSON COUNCIL Bruce S. Gelb, President. Elias F. Aburdene, Jennifer Acker, Charles S. Ackerman, B.B. Andersen, Russell Anmuth, Cyrus A. Ansary, Lawrence E. Bathgate II, Theresa Behrendt, John Beinecke, Joseph C. Bell, Steven Alan Bennett, Rudy Boschwitz, A. Oakley Brooks, Donald A. Brown, Melva Bucksbaum, Richard I. Burnham, Nicola L. Caiola, Mark Chandler, Peter B. Clark, Melvin Cohen, William T. Coleman, Jr., David M. Crawford, Jr., Michael D. DiGiacomo, Beth Dozoretz, Elizabeth Dubin, F. Samuel Eberts III, I. Steven Edelson, Mark Epstein, Melvyn J. Estrin, Sim Farar, Susan R. Farber, Roger Felberbaum, Julie Finley, Joseph H. Flom, John H. Foster, Charles Fox, Barbara Hackman Franklin, Norman Freidkin, John H. French, II, Morton Funger, Gregory M. Gallo, Chris G. Gardiner, Gordon D. Giffin, Steven J. Gilbert, Alma Gildenhorn, David F. Girard-diCarlo, Michael B. Goldberg, Roy M. Goodman, Gretchen Meister Gorog, William E. Grayson, Ronald Greenberg, Raymond A. Guenter, Cheryl F. Halpern, Edward L. Hardin, Jr., John L. Howard, Darrell E. Issa, Jerry Jasinowski, Brenda LaGrange Johnson, Shelly Kamins, James M. Kaufman, Edward W. Kelley, Jr., Anastasia D. Kelly, Christopher J. Kennan, Willem Kooyker, Steven Kotler, William H. Kremer, Raymond Learsy, Dennis A. LeVett, Francine Gordon Levinson, Harold O. Levy, Frederic V. Malek, David S. Mandel, John P. Manning, Jeffrey A. Marcus, John Mason, Jay Mazur, Robert McCarthy, Linda McCausland, Stephen G. McConahey, Donald F. McLellan, Charles McVean, J. Kenneth Menges, Jr., Kathryn Mosbacher, Jeremiah L. Murphy, Martha T. Muse, John E. Osborn, Paul Hae Park, Gerald L. Parsky, Jeanne L. Phillips, Michael J. Polenske, Donald Robert Quartel, Jr., John L. Richardson, Margaret Milner Richardson, Larry D. Richman, Carlyn Ring, Edwin Robbins, Robert G. Rogers, Juan A. Sabater, Alan M. Schwartz, Timothy R. Scully, J. Michael Shepherd, George P. Shultz, Raja W. Sidawi, Kenneth Siegel, Ron Silver, William A. Slaughter, James H. Small, Shawn Smeallie, Gordon V. Smith, Thomas F. Stephenson, Norman Kline Tiefel, Mark C. Treanor, Anthony G. Viscogliosi, Christine M. Warnke, Ruth Westheimer, Pete Wilson, Deborah Wince-Smith, Herbert S. Winokur, Jr., Paul Martin Wolff, Joseph Zappala, Richard S. Ziman, Nancy M. Zirkin

ABOUT THE CENTER The Center is the living memorial of the United States of America to the nation’s twenty-eighth president, Woodrow Wilson. Congress established the Woodrow Wilson Center in 1968 as an international institute for advanced study, “symbolizing and strengthening the fruitful relationship between the world of learning and the world of public affairs.” The Center opened in 1970 under its own board of trustees. In all its activities the Woodrow Wilson Center is a nonprofit, nonpartisan organization, supported financially by annual appropriations from Congress, and by the contributions of foundations, corporations, and individuals. Conclusions or opinions expressed in Center publications and programs are those of the authors and speakers and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Center staff, fellows, trustees, advisory groups, or any individuals or organizations that provide financial support to the Center.

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER CONTENTS

PREFACE 4

OVERVIEW 7

INTRODUCTION 9

DIRECTORS’ REVIEWS 14

ADVISORY COUNCILS 32

KENNAN COUNCIL 36

FRIENDS OF THE KENNAN INSTITUTE 38

SCHOLARS 39

CENTERS FOR ADVANCED STUDYAND EDUCATION 110

CONFERENCES 131

PUBLICATIONS 235

FUNDING 273

STAFF 280

INDEX 288

This publication was compiled by Erin Trouth and designed by Lianne Hepler.

Photographs for this report were provided by William Craft Brumfield, photographer and Professor of Slavic Languages at Tulane University. The photographs trace the Siberian jour- ney of 19th century explorer George Kennan. The originals of these photographs are in the permanent collection of the Photographic Archives of the National Gallery of Art in Washington, D.C. 3

30 YEAR REPORT | OVERVIEW PREFACE

Since I joined the Woodrow Wilson Center as its Director in January 1999, my mission has been to increase the Center’s visibility and to chart a new direction for our policy studies. Our goal is to make the Wilson Center an intellectual focal point in the nation’s capital, a place where policy-makers and international scholars meet to exchange views, formulate new ideas, and see the products of their discourse disseminated to the public. The Kennan Institute of the Wilson Center has pursued those goals with incredible success throughout its history. The thirtieth anniversary of the Kennan Institute coincides with the centennial year of its cofounder, one of America’s greatest diplomats, George F. Kennan. Like Woodrow Wilson, George Kennan is both a scholar and a policymaker, an historian and a maker of history. The example of their lives forms the core of the mission for the Wilson Center and the Kennan Institute—to approach policy from all sides, to look back for the purpose of looking forward, and to build bridges of international understanding. Simply put, the Wilson Center and the Kennan Institute are dedicated to the proposition that in the dialogue of American democracy there should be a bridge between the scholar and the policymaker because, as Wilson repeated- ly emphasized, each can learn from the other. And in pursuing this mission we honor the legacies of these exceptional Americans. It is also a mission we need to pursue with renewed enthusiasm towards Eurasia. It was not long ago that Russia and the surrounding states were top U.S. foreign policy concerns. The fate of democracy in the region and the transition from the Soviet economy were among the most studied and debated issues in the 1990s. Now, Russia and Ukraine have enjoyed several years of healthy growth rates, and the political systems in the former Soviet Union are stabilizing, albeit with the presence of disquieting authoritarian trends. In a world confronted by the perils of terrorism, proliferation, and instability in Iraq and the greater Middle East, internal developments in Russia and the former Soviet Union have received less attention from policymakers and academics alike. What attention Russia does receive these days is usually in the context of its relationship to the West, either through the nature of Russia’s cooperation in the war on terror and other international security matters, or with regard to its growing energy sector. Interest in Russia’s history, culture and people are declining among policymakers, foundations, and academic institutions, just as developments Russia’s domestic political culture is becoming more opaque. Instead of the “who lost Russia” debate of the late 1990s, we are confronted with a “why is Russia important” attitude. This is unfortunate. Russia’s future remains uncertain, and it is still a country of vital importance to the United States and the world. Without robust scholarship and deep understanding of history and culture, the formation of policy necessarily suffers. George Kennan relied on his scholarly understanding of Russia as much as his diplomatic training in crafting the containment 4 policy that steered our nation’s foreign policy for forty-five years. Kennan understood the impor-

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER tance of scholarship to the creation of policy, and he helped establish the Kennan Institute in 1974 because he felt at the time that American expertise on Russia outside the context of politics and security was in serious decline. In 2004, we face a similar prospect, while also facing a similar urgency to adapt to a changing Russia. Only today Russia is changing rapidly in ways that are difficult to understand and even The Institute is renowned for its spon- harder to predict. Therefore, as the Kennan Institute enters into its fourth decade, its sorship of scholars examining the for- most challenging work lies ahead. It is exceptionally qualified to build mer Soviet Union and Russian and on three decades of leadership in the field to help meet the challenges of the future. Among American institutions of Russian and Eurasian Eurasian issues in general. Its work studies it has a number of distinctive qualities. has been of the highest quality, as First, the Institute bridges the worlds of academia and policy- “befits the Wilson Center and the making. Its fellows range from historians and sociologists to journalists and government officials. Much of the Institute’s work aims to Smithsonian Institution, of which it is place contemporary Russian and Eurasian issues in a broader histor- a part, and it's still going strong after ical context. The Institute also encourages the interaction of scholars and thinkers with policy-makers, a vital but all too rare occurrence all these years. Whether it's the in Washington. Institute's short-term grant program Second, the Institute has an enviable record of focusing attention or its research scholarship program, on issues before they became prominent. A 1976 conference on the state of Soviet agriculture, a 1978 conference on Russian nationalism, interested top-rate scholars know and a 1979 conference on the Caucusus all shed light on topics that, where to apply. And if it's archives within a decade, went on to significantly shape developments in the Soviet Union and its successor states. In recent years, the Institute has one needs, the NPR/Kennan Institute- stayed ahead of the curve by focusing extensively on Ukraine and on founded audio archive is superb. the increasingly important issue of migration. During the past year alone, the Institute has organized major conferences on the Ukrainian Colin Powell famine of 1932-33, Islam in Russia, and the prospects for energy 2004 development and cooperation between the Russian Far East and Northeast Asia. Third, the Institute has an outstanding record of sponsoring young scholars who have gone on to become leaders in academia and in Russia’s public life. Galina Starovoitova, a guest scholar in 1989, became a leading member of the Russian Duma and an adviser to Russian president Boris Yeltsin. Iurii Baturin, who studied the Soviet Union’s role in international computer regulation at the Institute, became President Yeltsin’s national security adviser and, later, a cosmonaut. George Kennan has observed that the Institute’s role in bringing younger scholars to Washington to exchange ideas and form connections with their peers and senior figures “was possibly the greatest contribution that we were able to make on a national scale.” Fourth, the Institute plays an important role in integrating Russians, Ukrainians, Europeans, and Americans into a single dialogue. The Institute’s scholars include people from throughout Eurasia as well as many Americans. At last count, there were nearly 400 Institute alumni in the former Soviet Union alone. This alumni group is very active, and organizes a number of its own conferences and seminars. The Institute’s offices in Moscow and Kyiv have guided the work of the alumni associations and helped forge institutional ties. The Institute plays a leading role in a major initiative to support research centers in the humanities and social sciences at nine regional Russian universities. The wide geographical reach of the Institute, its programs, and its alumni is an invaluable part of the effort to break down cross-cultural barri- 5

30 YEAR REPORT | PREFACE ers and promote common understandings and approaches. Fifth, the Institute works closely with other regional and thematic programs at the Wilson Center. Their joint activities include projects on governance, ethnicity, and comparative urban studies, each of which has a Russian dimension of immediate and historical rele- vance. Under the extraordinary leadership and scholarship of director Blair Ruble, the Kennan Institute’s remarkable and dedicated staff continues to live up to the high purpose of the Institute’s founding. When bilateral relations between Russia and the United States are Yakutsk. Church of Saint Nicholas. (Photo: William Brumfield) strained or neglected, the Institute plays a critical role in keeping ties between our countries strong. The Institute promotes understanding of Russia and Eurasia here in the United States, and, equally important, develops an international community of experts with a shared commitment to fostering dialogue and strong relations between the United States and the nations of the former Soviet Union. Of all the American institutions in Russia, none enjoys more respect and credibility. The Kennan Institute has met the challenges of the past thirty years with extraordinary success, and has earned an international reputation for integrity and innovation. Yet we all agree that for both the Kennan Institute and the Wilson Center the most challenging years lie ahead. I have great confidence that these new challenges will be met equally well.

The Honorable Lee H. Hamilton President and Director Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars December 2004

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER OVERVIEW

The Kennan Institute was founded as a division of the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars in December 1974 through the joint initiative of Ambassador George F. Kennan, then Wilson Center Director James Billington, and historian S. Frederick Starr. Named in honor of Ambassador Kennan’s relative, George Kennan “the Elder” (1845–1924), a nineteenth-century explorer of Russia and Siberia, the Kennan Institute is committed to improving American expertise and knowledge about Russia, Ukraine, and other states in the region. It is one of several area studies programs of the Wilson Center. The Center is an international, interdisciplinary scholarly institution that fosters scholarship in the humanities and social sciences and encourages dialogue between the disciplines and the professions. The director of the Kennan Institute reports to the director of the Woodrow Wilson Center and receives guidance from the Kennan Institute Advisory Council and the Kennan Council. The Kennan Institute offers residential research scholarships in the humanities and social sciences to academic scholars and specialists from government, the media, and the private sector. Thanks to its location in Washington, D.C., the Kennan Institute is able to provide its scholars with access to libraries, archives, research facilities, and human resources that are among the finest in the United States. Following in the tradition of the Wilson Center, the Institute also provides decision makers in the private and public sector access to the expertise of its scholars in residence through such activities as Policy Forums at the Department of State and interviews with the media. In addition to its residential scholar program, the Institute administers an active program of public lectures featuring scholars and public figures from the United States, Russia, and other successor states to the Soviet Union. The Institute makes the results of its activities known in a variety of publications including Meeting Reports, Occasional Papers, Special Reports, and commercially published books. The majority of Kennan Institute publications are available free of charge and are regularly distributed to individuals, university libraries, and companies throughout the world, and are available through the Internet. Through its innovative workshop series, the Kennan Institute serves as a forum where scholars can develop and discuss their research pertaining to a variety of topics related to the region. The workshops bring together scholars with recent field experience from a variety of disciplines. The Kennan Institute and the ISE Center (Information. Scholarship. Education.), Moscow, administer the Centers for Advanced Study and Education (CASE) program. The CASE program has established nine thematic research centers at regional Russian universities in order to foster scholarship in the social sciences and humanities. It seeks to integrate Russian scholars into the international academic community through a system of individual research fellowships, library and publications support, and professional community-building efforts. The CASE program is currently funded by Carnegie Corporation of New York, the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation, and the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation. 7

30 YEAR REPORT | OVERVIEW In addition to its office in Washington, the Kennan Institute operates centers in Moscow and Kyiv. The Kennan Moscow Project and Kennan Kyiv Project provide on-the-ground assistance to the Washington staff and maintain contacts with various Russian and Ukrainian organizations. The offices organize publications, seminars, and conferences on important current themes featuring Kennan Institute alumni. The Kennan Institute, as part of the Woodrow Wilson Center, is a nonpartisan institution that values its independence from the world of politics. Unlike most academic research centers, however, it seeks to promote dialogue between academic specialists and policymakers. To this end, the Institute convenes scholars, governmental specialists, and other experts to discuss political, social, and economic issues affecting Russia and the other successor states to the Soviet Union, seeking always to place these issues within their historical context.

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER INTRODUCTION

It has been more than three decades since George F. Kennan convened a conference in Princeton to discuss the future of Soviet Studies in the United States. That conference brought together all of the leading movers and shakers in the Soviet Studies field in this country—figures such as Cyrus Black, Zbigniew Brzezinski, Allen Kassof, Richard Pipes, and Marshall Shulman, among many others—to talk about why Americans seemed to have difficulty in understanding Russians. George F. Kennan had the idea—which the others present affirmed— to establish an institution for advanced Russian Studies to be housed in Washington, D.C. A young Princeton historian, S. Frederick Starr, teamed up with James Billington, who had just become director of the Woodrow Wilson Center, and George F. Kennan to turn the proposed institute into a reality. These founders established three goals for their fledgling institute: (1) to promote quality research on Russia and its adjacent lands; (2) to foster a creative dialogue between American academic and government specialists on the region; and (3) to integrate the American and international Russian Studies communities. As with any human invention, the Kennan Institute has not survived for thirty years without periods of difficulty and moments of controversy. Nonetheless, I suspect that any fair-minded observer would have to concede that the Institute has more than fulfilled these initial objectives. The following pages review the history of the Kennan Institute, beginning with excerpts taken from the annual reviews written by its successive directors. These materials reveal four principal stages in the Institute’s development. During the first decade following its establishment in December 1974, the Institute sought to integrate American specialists from a variety of academic and non-academic institutions into a single conversation about the Soviet Union. Its programs of residential grants, conferences, seminars, and publications concentrated primarily—yet never exclusively—on the needs of the American Russian Studies community. The community at the time was in the throes of a major financial crisis. Teaching positions were being eliminated throughout the country, a nascent interest in the region within the private sector that had arisen with the first winds of detente foundered with the renewal of Cold War tensions, and even government institutions were mired in reorganization and budgetary strife. Under the energetic direction of S. Frederick Starr, its first secretary, the Kennan Institute’s impact on Washington’s community of Soviet affairs specialists was immediate. In retrospect, one can interpret these successes as the direct consequence of the need to provide a neutral forum allowing scholars and government specialists to talk to one another across various bureaucratic and disciplinary barriers. The Institute’s physical location in the Smithsonian Institution’s Castle Building undoubtedly eased the task of its early directors in carving out a place for a new “player” in the Washington firmament. More significant, perhaps, it was clear that people were hungry for an opportunity to test their ideas about the USSR in a neutral environment and to learn from colleagues specializing in different disciplines. It is, therefore, no exaggeration to say that the Institute quickly emerged as a major force in the Soviet studies community of the nation’s capital. 9

30 YEAR REPORT | INTRODUCTION In these early years the Kennan Institute secured a national and international reputation for excellence due in large measure to my predecessors’ decision not to focus so much on current events as on the social, historical, cultural, and political context of those events. In this way, the Institute came to function as a scholarly Since its founding in 1974, the institution that happened to be located in Washington, D.C., rather than a Washington institution that happened to be home Kennan Institute has become one of to a few scholars with doctoral degrees. This distinction—and the the most important institutions in the attitudes and program decisions that created it—enabled the Kennan Institute to establish and maintain cordial ties with a world for the study of Russia and broad spectrum of scholars from both the United States and Eurasia…By fostering dialogue abroad. This was a pivotal achievement for the Institute’s future “between scholars and government development. Given the tenor of the times—at the height of the Cold War, not long after the domestic firestorms prompted by the specialists in both the United States Vietnam War—the initial accomplishments of my early predeces- and the New Independent States, sors S. Frederick Starr, Abbott “Tom” Gleason, and John Glad, were considerable. and by offering research fellowships The second stage of the Institute’s development began in 1984. to the next generation of Russian and At that time the Institute, indeed, the entire Soviet Studies field, NIS leaders, the Institute helps build received a much needed infusion of capital. Kennan Institute Secretary Herbert J. Ellison established the Kennan Institute mutual understanding and strong ties endowment, now known as the George F. Kennan Fund. In addi- between our countries." tion, the U.S. Congress passed the Soviet and East European Research and Training Act of 1983, known as “Title VIII.” The Bill Clinton Title VIII program has to date invested nearly $90 million in the 1999 academic study of the Soviet Union, the post-Soviet states, and Eastern Europe. Title VIII funding enabled the Woodrow Wilson Center to establish the East European Studies program and allowed the Kennan Institute to incorporate an exciting generation of younger American specialists into its program. Title VIII thus permitted the Kennan Institute to fulfill its promise as a national center for Russian Studies. The Institute’s third stage of development was marked by the expansion of scholarly contacts between the United States and the Soviet Union beginning in 1989. During this time the Institute succeeded in integrating scholars and non-academic specialists from the former Soviet Union into its activities. Director Peter Reddaway recognized that, because of its unique position in the international Russian Studies community, the Institute could serve as a particularly valuable “crossroads” for specialists from Russia and its neighboring states who previously had only limited opportunity to establish contacts in the west. Over 350 scholars from Russia and its neighboring states have been in residence at the Kennan Institute during the past fifteen years alone, and several hundred have visited the Institute as speakers in its public lecture series. Active alumni associations in Russia and Ukraine have carried the excitement of the environment of the Wilson Center and the Institute back to the other side of the globe. Since 1992, the Institute’s Moscow office has organized numerous lectures and seminars and convened an alumni conference each year. The Ukrainian office is now beginning its eighth year of operation and thus far has organized seven conferences as well as regular seminars and lectures. The vibrant networks fostered by scholars at the Institute in Washington are invigorating Russian and Ukrainian intellectual life—fulfilling 10 another dream of the Kennan Institute’s founders.

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER In the fourth stage of its development, the Kennan Institute must once again meet the challenges of a different era. Business has come to play an increasing role in shaping Russia’s relations with the U.S. and in the world, and the Institute has embarked on an effort to broaden its outreach in the business community. In 2001, the Institute established a private sector advisory board—the Kennan Council—with two goals in mind. First, it is intended to help ensure the financial strength of the Kennan Institute. Second, it will enable the Institute to broaden its programming to inform and learn from the issues confronting the private sector in Russia and the former Soviet Union. The Kennan Institute today must face the Yakutsk. Russo-Asiatic Bank. (Photo: William Brumfield) challenges posed by the enormous changes in the U.S.-Russian relationship that have occurred over the past decade. There are few guideposts for our new relationship, which is both influenced by excessive optimism and needlessly burdened by the legacy of the Cold War. Today’s academics, experts, and businessmen are literally “on the frontier,” exploring aspects of Russian and American politics, economics, cultural life, public opinion, and foreign policy that are helping to build closer ties between our two countries and our two peoples. The Institute’s program does so by relying on four distinct but integrated sets of activities over the past thirty years: grant programs, public meetings, publications, and support for Russian higher education. The Institute has hosted over 1,200 scholars through a variety of residential grants programs since 1975. It has helped to organize over 150 conferences and literally thousands of public seminars and lectures for the community of specialists in Washington. The Institute’s publishing program has produced 291 occasional papers, 36 book-length studies, 413 meeting reports, and an assortment of other publications, which are available to the international community of Russian, Soviet, and post-Soviet affairs specialists. Finally, in 2001, the Kennan Institute, together with the ISE Center (Information. Scholarship. Education) in Moscow, established the Centers for Advanced Study and Education (CASEs) program, funded by Carnegie Corporation of New York, the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation, and the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation, which supports higher education in the social sciences and humanities in Russia’s regions. When the Institute first began to host scholars in residence in 1975, it offered only two categories of scholarships: Woodrow Wilson Center Fellowships and Guest Scholarships. In 1976, the Institute added a third category to its residential scholarships—Short-Term Grants— thanks to a generous grant from the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation. These grants have proven exceptionally popular among scholars worldwide who seek to use the special research resources of the Washington, D.C. metropolitan area on a short-term basis. The initiation of the Title VIII Program of the U.S. Department of State in 1985 allowed the Institute both to sustain its Short-Term Grant program and to add another grant category to its residential scholar program—Research Scholarships. These scholarships are specifically designed to support younger American scholars, generally those who have not yet achieved tenure or whose academic careers have been delayed, in the writing of a first major monographic study. 11

30 YEAR REPORT | INTRODUCTION Yakutsk. Lepchikov house. (Photo: William Brumfield)

From 1992–2003, funding from the Regional Scholar Exchange Program of the United States Information Agency permitted the Institute to provide Regional Exchange Scholarships that specifically targeted younger scholars and university lecturers from the former Soviet Union. Since the Regional Scholar Exchange Program was terminated in 2003, funding from the Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs of the U.S. Department of State through the Fulbright Program has allowed the Institute to host 8–12 Fulbright Scholars from Russia and Ukraine each year. In 1998, the Woodrow Wilson Center launched its Public Policy Scholar program. Appointments are available to scholars and practitioners chosen by the Woodrow Wilson Center to conduct public policy-relevant research. One year later U.S. Secretary of State Madeline Albright made a speech in Moscow announcing the establishment of a fellowship at the Kennan Institute in memory of Russian human rights activist Galina Starovoitova. The Institute began hosting Galina Starovoitova Fellows on Human Rights and Conflict Resolution in 2000. This fellowship program, funded by the State Department’s Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs, supports two Russian scholars each year who are conducting research on the issues championed by the grant’s namesake. Although history and political science have always figured significantly in the Institute’s various grant programs, all disciplines of the humanities and social sciences have at one time or another been the focus of these residential scholarships. In fact, one of the great joys of the Institute—and one of its founders’ original goals—is that it provides a forum in which scholars as diverse as literary critics, anthropologists, poets, economists, historians, political scientists, sociologists, psychologists, and architectural historians work alongside one another in pursuit of independent research topics that share a common thread: the history, culture, and society of Russia, Ukraine, and the surrounding states. As with its residential scholarship and public lecture programs, the Institute has continually 12 sought to step across the ideological divide created by the Cold War in its conference program

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER and include Soviet scholars in the process of western scholarship. Early participants in Institute conferences and public lectures included Americanist Nikolai Bolkhovitinov of the Institute of World History (1975, 1978), the poet Andrei Voznesenskii (1977), historian Boris Anan’ich of Leningrad State University (1978), and Turgenev specialist Aleksandr Chudakov of the Gorky Institute of World Literature in Moscow (1988). Since then, the Kennan Institute has brought dozens of specialists from Russia, Ukraine, to the U.S, either as scholars in residence or as participants in meetings, conferences, and workshops. For thirty years the From its modest beginnings, the Institute’s publications program has today grown into a well- known source of information on contemporary research in the field of Soviet—now post- Kennan Institute Soviet—affairs. Beginning with Murray Feshbach’s work on the Soviet industrial labor force in has worked to 1977, Kennan Institute Occasional Papers have functioned to disseminate new research in the field to academic and government specialists, students, and the general public. The nearly 300 enhance our Occasional Papers published to date have covered topics as diverse as the productivity of Soviet understanding of agriculture, the political history of Leningrad, and Russian-Ukrainian relations. Meeting “the history and Reports, which summarize lectures presented at the Institute, were first published during the 1983–84 program year and rapidly became the core of its publications program. Today, Meeting society of Russia Reports are posted on the Kennan Institute web site and distributed to a mailing list of over and the former 6,600 individuals and institutions worldwide. Commercially published books and a series of guides to archives and research materials, most often published in conjunction with the Wilson Soviet states…In Center Press, form the final component of the Kennan Institute publications program. carrying on this To my mind, the success of the Kennan Institute has been a consequence of its flexible pro- proud legacy the gramming and its consistent commitment to excellence. Everyone from interns and Short- Term Scholars to the Institute’s Directors are visitors to the Kennan Institute. As a result, the Institute strength- Institute functions as a living organism that constantly responds to the environment surround- ens the ties of ing it. The list of activities that follows in these pages demonstrates an institutional ability to anticipate events and to address new realities. The Institute’s adaptability has proven an invalu- friendship and able resource in an era of bracing social, political, economic, and even cultural change in the good will between region. At the same time, the Board of Directors and the staff of the Wilson Center, together the United States with the Kennan Institute’s own staff, Advisory Council, and Kennan Council, have remained committed to supporting activities of the highest academic standards. Observers may disagree and Russia. over the appropriateness of a particular grant or seminar program—the Institute has not been without its critics over the years. Nonetheless, a seriousness of purpose has remained a consis- George W. Bush tent hallmark of Kennan Institute endeavors. 2004 I have had the pleasure of being associated with the Kennan Institute for twenty-two years of its existence, first as a graduate student conference coordinator, then as a Research Associate, a member of its Academic Council, and, for the past fifteen years, as its director. I have come to understand that, in the end, the Kennan Institute is about a remarkable collection of extraordinarily talented and energetic human beings. The names which appear in the lists in this report constitute a virtual “Who’s Who” of Soviet and post-Soviet Studies around the world. Whether intern, staff member, or Woodrow Wilson Center Fellow, Title VIII-Supported Research Scholar, or USIA Regional Exchange Scholar, the individuals who have passed through the Kennan Institute have always been at the heart of this institution. For three decades, the Kennan Institute has been a remarkable place. In creating the Institute, Messrs. Billington, Starr, and Kennan presented an invaluable gift to our field of academic study.

Blair A. Ruble Director December 2004 13

30 YEAR REPORT | INTRODUCTION DIRECTOR’S REVIEWS Thirty Years at the Kennan Institute

The following excerpts, drawn from the annual reports of the Woodrow Wilson Center and the Kennan Institute, provide a running institutional history of the Institute since its founding in late 1974.

In the memorial to an internationalist president it seems fitting to focus special attention on key areas of concern abroad. Thus, the Board of Trustees established in December 1974 under the leadership of Woodrow Wilson Center Fellow George F. Kennan, a new Institute for Advanced Russian Studies. Kennan’s unique stature as the senior scholar-statesman of Soviet- American relations makes him the appropriate chairman of the advisory council for this new effort within the [Woodrow Wilson] Center. Assembling a small but superior group of Fellows in this area will permit greater use of the unmatched resources in Washington, and may hopefully serve as a fresh catalyst for the continuing national effort to understand better the other great superpower. Perhaps, too, it may provide an example for other groups that may focus at the Center on the broad, humanistic study of other foreign cultures (a sometimes neglected aspect of “area studies” in post-war America).

James H. Billington Director, Woodrow Wilson Center, 1974

The Center has been specially concerned during this past year with studying two areas of obvious importance: the USSR abroad and sub-national government at home. The Center launched during this past year a new Kennan Institute for Advanced Russian Studies. Following the decision of the Board of Trustees in December 1974, the Institute came into being in 1975, serving as a kind of unofficial embassy in Washington for students of Russia and the USSR from this country and abroad. Bearing the name of Ambassador George F. Kennan, a fellow of the center in 1974–75, and his great-uncle, George Kennan, who worked in this building [the Smithsonian Castle] a century ago as a pioneer American student of Russia, the new Institute has successfully completed its first competition for fellowships. Like other divisions of the Center, the Institute has its own outside advisory selection panel drawn from an Academic Council of nine distinguished scholars from different disciplines in 14 the Russian area headed by Ambassador Kennan. An energetic young historian, S. Frederick

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER Starr, has been named secretary to the Institute. In addition to its fellowship program, the Institute has already begun a program of seminars, colloquia, and dialogues on important and little-studied Russian subjects.

James H. Billington Director, Woodrow Wilson Center, 1975 The Institute’s lectures and publications provide not International programs have played a particularly important role in the only an in-depth Center’s program of meetings and dialogues…. So far, the Russian program of the Kennan Institute has held 20 major conferences with substantive papers attended by more than 1,000 analysis of the people… there have been, in addition, receptions, film showings, lectures, colloquia, and infor- “issues at stake in mal meetings…. Each program has distinctive features. The Kennan Institute has helped a our Russian rela- large number of long- and short-term scholars from many countries and scholarly centers, given a substantive and psychological lift to area studies with an impressive number of confer- tions, but also ences, and brought the many people in Washington concerned with Soviet subjects into con- enhance our abili- tact with the widely dispersed scholars working in the field. ty to respond to James H. Billington those issues Director, Woodrow Wilson Center, 1977 through thought- ful study of the social and cultural The Kennan Institute for Advanced Russian Studies is the oldest of our area programs, having existed since 1975 [sic] under the leadership of S. Frederick Starr. During the environment fram- past year, it has held a particularly strong mixture of meetings, including eight major confer- ing them. The ences, with its own fellows and guest scholars playing a leading role. Such gatherings, which Institute has deep- regularly assembled scholars from this country and abroad, have made the Kennan Institute the major meeting place in Washington outside the government for scholars and public officials ened our under- interested in exchanging views on the vast range of questions involving the past, present, and standing of the future of the world’s second superpower. The impact of these conferences and seminars on the several thousand persons who have attended them can be felt in numerous articles and essays in current processes the public media as well as in discussions elsewhere among legislators, businessmen, scholars, in Russia and has etc…. The Institute has become a national resource for scholars in the Russian/Soviet field throughout the country, frequently cosponsoring meetings and projects with scholars and insti- been vital to the tutions elsewhere. conduct of international relations. James H. Billington Director, Woodrow Wilson Center, 1978 Jimmy Carter 1999

The Kennan Institute has enjoyed, over these first five years of its existence, a success…that has gone beyond the optimal hopes of those who were instrumental in its establishment. This extraordinary success has been due in the first instance to the energetic and imaginative leadership given to its development by those responsible for the conduct of its 15

30 YEAR REPORT | DIRECTOR’S REVIEWS affairs, notably the Institute’s Secretary, Dr. S. Frederick Starr, and the Director of the Wilson Center, Dr. James H. Billington, and their respective staffs, aided by the members of the Institute’s Academic Council. But the success is also a reflection of the fact that the need, in many echelons of government, of academia, and of the business world, for precisely this sort of an institution proved to be much greater than was, or could have been, initially foreseen. The Institute has responded as best it could, with its limited resources, to this unexpectedly wide and varied demand for its services. Much more could have been done, of course, had the limitations of staff, premises, and funding permitted. But even as it was, more was accomplished than those of us who first conceived the enterprise would then have thought pos- Yakutsk. Wooden apartment house, Korolenko Street. (Photo: William Brumfield) sible. Those who have directed and conducted the affairs of the Institute can congratulate themselves today on the fact that not only has it met with distinction its responsibilities as host and patron to higher studies in its chosen field, not only has it been outstandingly useful as a center for intellectual exchanges among scholars from various parts of this country and the outside world, but it has, in its own small way, provided a useful channel for communication on the cultural level between the Soviet Union and the United States at a time when possibilities for such communication were less favorable on the political level, and has helped in this way to temper asperities and to lend perspective to the political differences of the moment.

George F. Kennan Chairman, Academic Council, Kennan Institute, Kennan Institute for Advanced Russian Studies: The First Five Years, 1975–1979

The idea of building the new Institute within the Wilson Center proved extraordinarily felicitous. As a national institution with international interests, the Center provides an ideal environment for the pursuit of Russian/Soviet studies. The great diversity of topics and disciplines being pursued by the Center’s international corps of Fellows assures that scholars working on Soviet studies do not become parochial. In its concern to advance the frontiers of knowledge, the Center recognizes no barriers between disciplines. Economists, political scientists, philosophers, and linguists interact there in a way that is often difficult to arrange at universities, with their departmental divisions. And because the Center has no tenure and no permanent Fellows, it is better able to provide hospitality to those researchers everywhere who need access to the scholarly resources of Washington, D.C. By 1979 the field of Soviet studies was showing various signs of recovery from the slump in which it had been mired for nearly a decade. Fundraising efforts at various academic centers had proven successful, unemployed Ph.D.s were beginning to find positions in industry and government, and federal agencies responsible for funding the major programs at academic centers were expressing interest in maintaining them at effective levels. Meanwhile, a 16 new generation of researchers emerged at dozens of universities and research institutions

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER around the country, and access to libraries, archives, and professional colleagues in the USSR steadily broadened. This renewal is far from complete. And even if former levels of activity were somehow to be reestablished, the intensification of American contact with the USSR has increased to a point at which former levels of study of the Soviet Union would no longer suffice. Nonetheless, substantial improvements have occurred, and, while the Institute cannot claim credit for them, it has been able to lend its support to many of those individuals and groups around the country whose energy and initiative have brought about these changes. S. Frederick Starr Secretary, Kennan Institute Kennan Institute for Advanced Russian Studies: The First Five Years, 1975–1979

The focus of the Kennan Institute’s life in 1980 continued to be its more than thirty Fellows, Guest Scholars, and recipients of short-term grants. Representing such diverse disciplines as literary criticism, economics, sociology, geography, demography, and the histories of medicine and culture, they worked on topics spanning four centuries…. In addition to supporting important research, the Kennan Institute served as a focal point for the Washington community of scholars, journalists, government analysts, and members of Congress and their staffs interested in Russian and Soviet affairs…. As the Kennan Institute enters what may be a difficult decade for Soviet–American relations, its Secretary and Academic Council are convinced it now has an even more important role to play than in the past among students of Russia and the USSR.

Abbott Gleason Secretary, Kennan Institute, 1980

The Kennan Institute, like other programs at the Center, plays its own special role in the intellectual life of Washington. Both through its regular Wednesday noon discussions and through such periodic activities as the sessions of the Working Group on Soviet Science and Technology, the Kennan Institute provides a kind of senior common room for Russian specialists and Soviet analysts in the Washington area. Given the specialized nature of their work and the way in which they are scattered among a large number of government offices and academic institutions, they need a place where they can meet on a quasi-regular basis in a congenial atmosphere. At the Kennan Institute they can relate their special work to more general concerns, while at the same time finding out what their governmental and academic colleagues are doing. In addition, the Kennan Institute actively seeks to bring together scholars from universities all over the country (and Europe) with analysts in government agencies who work on similar or related topics. Topics discussed include the burden scientific research and development place on the Soviet economy, the methods by which Soviet defense expenditures are calculated, and Soviet energy policy.

Abbott Gleason Secretary, Kennan Institute, 1981 17

30 YEAR REPORT | DIRECTOR’S REVIEWS Yakutsk. Sakha Theater. (Photo: William Brumfield)

The Kennan Institute for Advanced Russian Studies provides a meeting place for scholars, government analysts, and specialists in Russian and Soviet studies to discuss their work and other mutual concerns. The many experts in government and academic institutions in the Washington area and around the country provide the Kennan Institute with an almost inexhaustible source of talent and energy. While drawing its intellectual diversity from such a large audience, the Kennan Institute in turn has a responsibility to meet the needs of that group. It achieves this goal by promoting current research on a wide variety of Russian and Soviet topics, sponsoring seminars and conferences, and organizing special meetings devoted to timely issues….

John Glad Secretary, Kennan Institute, 1982

The Kennan Institute serves a national and international constituency of scholars as a center for advanced research in Russian and Soviet studies. Like other programs of the Center, the Kennan Institute plays a special role in Washington’s intellectual life through its sponsorship of conferences, lectures, meetings, publications, and Wednesday noon discussions. The Kennan Institute seeks to provide a meeting place for scholars, government analysts, and other specialists on Russia who work on related topics. This effort to bridge the gap between the academy and public affairs often results in novel and stimulating approaches to areas of concern in Russian and Soviet studies…. In the years ahead, as the Kennan Institute celebrates its tenth anniversary, we shall be plan- 18 ning the expansion of its special role in American Russian studies as the Washington meeting

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER place and center of study for Russian specialists. We shall also explore other ways in which we can contribute to American understanding of the Soviet Union through intellectually diverse and creative programming.

Herbert J. Ellison Secretary, Kennan Institute, 1983

The Kennan Institute serves both American and foreign scholars as a center for advanced research on Russia and the Soviet Union, hosting approximately forty scholars annu- ally. It also plays a special role in Washington’s intellectual life through sponsorship of conferences, lectures, meetings, publications, and Wednesday noon discussions. The Institute provides a meeting place for scholars, government analysts, and other specialists on Russia who work on related topics. And it seeks to bring the results of scholarly research to the attention of government policy-makers and that of the interested general public. With the passing of 1984, the Kennan Institute reaches its tenth anniversary as a national center for Russian and Soviet studies in Washington. We look forward in 1985 and beyond to expanding the level and broadening the impact of our activities.

Herbert J. Ellison Secretary, Kennan Institute, 1984

During 1984–85, the Kennan Institute attached great importance to strengthening its research program. With the addition of another research associate to the staff, the Institute has been able to plan more effectively research conferences on topics in need of attention. Typically, a national committee is organized to draw up a conference plan which is implemented by Kennan Institute staff members. In this way, the Institute and the profession benefit from having the counsel of the most qualified scholars in the fields of proposed conference topics. Planning during 1984–85 will result in research conferences next year on Soviet decision making, Soviet policy toward the Balkans, Soviet agriculture and food systems, and Soviet policy toward the third world….

Herbert J. Ellison Secretary, Kennan Institute, 1985

In its first decade the Kennan Institute has seen two periods of rapid expansion, the first occurring in its initial years and the second in 1985, after private sector contributions increased and funding from the Soviet and East European Research and Training Act of 1983 (“Title VIII”), administered by the U.S. Department of State, was awarded. The Kennan Institute was created primarily to serve the needs of American scholars in the field of Russian and Soviet studies. During the 1970s, there was no more pressing need than to make it possible for…people to gain access to the libraries, archives, and research establish- ments that are essential to the furtherance of learning. This need had become more acute because of two fundamental changes occurring in American intellectual life. 19

30 YEAR REPORT | DIRECTOR’S REVIEWS First, American scholars in all fields, and particularly in Russian studies, were no longer concentrated at a few centers, but scattered throughout the country. Where formerly the nation’s expertise on Soviet affairs was centralized at a mere handful of universities, by then it was decentralized at hundreds of universities and colleges throughout the United States. Second, the rising cost of books, especially foreign books, had severely reduced the number of research libraries that were able to maintain up-to- date collections of publications in the field of Russian and Soviet studies. The Library of Congress in Washington, D.C., was among the few libraries in a position to keep up in a comprehensive manner. Possessing a Slavic collection twice the size of any other library in the West, the Library of Congress had been steadily moving ahead of most other institutions. Of equal importance to advanced research were Washington’s unparalleled archival materials, most notably those in the National Archives. America’s far-flung researchers had therefore to come to Washington if Yakutsk. Original log tower, Yakutsk Fort. they wished to utilize the latest published information on the Soviet (Photo: William Brumfield) Union. The Kennan Institute provided the vitally needed link between these scholars and Washington’s bibliographic treasures….

Peter Reddaway Secretary, Kennan Institute The Kennan Institute: The First Ten Years, 1975–1985

Over the last two years, the Institute has given special priority to disseminating its research results to a larger national audience interested in Russia and the Soviet Union. Through its outreach program, the Kennan Institute has made this a major activity, from the publication of conference volumes to the issuance of meeting reports and occasional papers…. In addition to printed material, the Kennan Institute is active in radio. In the last year, seven programs of the Wilson Center’s Radio Dialogue series were devoted to interviews with Kennan Institute scholars. These radio shows are broadcast weekly by 200 member stations of the Longhorn Radio Network and distributed by satellite to 260 affiliated stations of National Public Radio….

Peter Reddaway Secretary, Kennan Institute, 1986

The Institute is—to use the terms coined by its founding secretary, S. Frederick Starr—functioning as the ambassador and the intellectual switchboard of the Russian and Soviet studies field in Washington. The embassy is large, and the voltage pumping daily through the switchboard is high enough that it might paralyze a less robust institution. By the fall of 1987 the work of capitalizing on the Institute’s dramatic expansion of 1984–85 was almost complete. This work was essential if the expansion was to be secured and its oppor- 20 tunities fully realized. It is good to be able to report, for example, that the complex machinery

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER needed to select and then service some forty resident scholars per year in four different categories is functioning smoothly. Equally effective are the mechanisms by which about 100 meetings are organized each year….

Peter Reddaway Secretary, Kennan Institute, 1987

Responding to changes in the Soviet Union was one of the challenges that animat- ed the Kennan Institute in 1987–88. Others were the adoption of a more thematic approach to some of the Institute’s work, the arrival of a new Director of the Wilson Center, the appointment of a new Secretary for the Institute, a move to spacious new premises, and, not least, a decision to raise substantially Fellows’ stipends in the future. Most noteworthy of all was the rapid growth in the Institute’s intercourse with the Soviet Union. Soviet scholars visited or spoke at the Institute almost every week; they began to apply for grants in its regular competition; they and their home institutions became more open and hospitable to foreign scholars and intellectuals. At the same time, Soviet publications became more frank on facts and keen on debate, printing more contributions by Western scholars, and little by little, Soviet archives opened their doors less timidly. This enrichment of the lifeblood of scholarship was of great practical benefit to the Institute and those who work in it. If this process continues, it promises to reinvigorate every sector of Russian and Soviet studies for decades to come. The new winds of change seemed to be symbolized by the appearance of the first profile of the Institute to be published in Pravda, on September 19th of this year. Correspondent Vitaly Gan visited the Institute, interviewed me, and wrote a lengthy report, concluding with this friendly, if slightly back-handed, compliment: In his time, Winston Churchill called the Soviet Union ‘a riddle wrapped in an enigma.’ The course we have taken towards historic reform helps the world to see us as we really are—ordi- nary people with joys, doubts, problems, and concerns. The caricature image of gloomy and perfidious Soviet people has begun to yield to truth. One could feel this in Washington’s Kennan Institute.

Peter Reddaway Secretary, Kennan Institute, 1988

The accelerating pace of change this decade in the Soviet Union provides unprecedented opportunities to study its society, politics, and economy. Soviet, Western, and other specialists have new opportunities to join in a single conversation on the Soviet Union—its history, its present, and its future…. By its very design and location in Washington, the Kennan Institute is a natural meeting ground for divergent views, methodologies, and perspectives. Historians trade thoughts with analysts of contemporary affairs; the Washington community of Soviet affairs specialists con- verses with university scholars from around the country; and U.S., Soviet, and other scholars come together to explore new trends in scholarship on the Soviet Union…. Pluralism lay at the 21

30 YEAR REPORT | DIRECTOR’S REVIEWS heart of the Kennan Institute’s founding mission. The Institute has facilitated this goal by anchoring its activities in a residential program of fellow and research scholar awards, lasting for up to one academic year, combined with short-term awards of up to one month. The founders believed that rotation and turnover would foster a diversity of perspectives. This design is particularly advantageous now as scholars and non-academic specialists juggle incom- plete data, contentious concepts, and diverse sources in seeking to understand the changes in the Soviet Union. Recent Institute fellows, research scholars, and short-term grant recipients have explored the broad cultural, historical, and social background of radical reform in the Soviet Union. The awards have enabled the Institute to host distinguished fellows and guest scholars from the United States, Europe, and the Soviet Union, along with a number of talented younger American scholars.

Blair A. Ruble Director, Kennan Institute, 1989

When historians in the coming century chronicle the Soviet studies field they will mark this past year as a turning point. It was in 1989 that Soviet studies blossomed into a genuinely multinational conversation, and it did so thanks in large measure to the new openness of Soviet society and the mainly peaceful revolutions that have opened up Eastern and Central Europe from Prague to Potsdam and Budapest to Berlin. Yakutsk. Church of the Transfiguration. (Photo: William Brumfield) Until recently, the study of the Soviet Union had remained largely outside the process of integration taking place in the international scholarly community. Walls sepa- rating communities of Soviet affairs specialists—national, ideological, disciplinary, and institutional—frustrated the evolution of a common language of discourse. Relatively few opportunities existed for the sharing of experience and ideas among diverse approaches to the study of the Soviet Union. As with so many other walls during the past year, these have crumbled with remarkable ease. Political and economic upheavals have served as a catalyst for profound changes in the way Soviet affairs specialists conduct their business. Traditional methodologies for studying the Soviet Union…appear far less felicitous than in the past, as waves of people from the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe have joined in the scholarly conversation about Soviet affairs…. The growing Soviet presence in discussions within Soviet studies represents only part of a larger process of internationalization of the field…. Building on its experience of the past decade and a half, the Kennan Institute has taken an active part in the emerging international 22 conversation on Soviet affairs. Situated at one of the major crossroads on the trade routes of

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER Soviet studies—Washington, D.C.—the Institute has been able to draw on the fresh perspectives and insights offered by a variety of observers of Soviet and Russian affairs for our programs of residential scholarships, publications, public meetings, and guest speakers….

Blair A. Ruble Director, Kennan Institute, 1990

The past quarter- The recent collapse of the power of the Communist Party and the authority of the Soviet central government has been unexpectedly rapid and, given Soviet history, remarkably century has non-violent. A knowledge of Soviet history alone does not suffice to appreciate the enormity of brought vast this change. Not merely decades, but centuries—perhaps a millennium—of Russian cultural, economic, political, social, and religious development form the backdrop against which the change in the for- trends and events of the moment must be viewed. mer Soviet Union, The Kennan Institute’s interdisciplinary approach—combining history, culture, and politi- “and ties between cal science with practical policy concerns—provides the wide lens needed to comprehend the significance of today’s events…. The Institute has always been at its best in setting forth the our countries has broad context within which a range of contemporary policy issues can be analyzed in their his- evolved simultane- torical depth…. There is reason for optimism over the future of the territories and peoples which once ously. The Kennan formed the Soviet Union. At the teetering empire’s center, the events of the past summer recast Institute has how Russians conceive of themselves. In the aftermath of the coup, a new found confidence played a key role, illuminated Russian faces, an authentic sense of communal accomplishment pervaded the air of Russia’s great cities, and new political leaders and institutions gained momentum and legitima- fostering greater cy. The future is unlikely to be the past. My final thought for this essay is still positive: the pres- knowledge and ent moment is one of the few in a millennium when democratic traditions appear to be taking root on Russian soil. It is a distinct honor to be working at the Kennan Institute in these his- communication toric times. among those in the academic and Blair A. Ruble Director, Kennan Institute, 1991 policy-making communities.

Another grand social experiment appears to have been launched in Russia, with Trent Lott both politicians and academics intent on imposing personal theories onto an economic, politi- 1999 cal, and social landscape already strewn with the wreckage of visionary and illusory schemes from centuries past. The impulse to see one’s own prophecies spring to life on Russian soil was all too apparent in much of the discussion at the Kennan Institute during the past year. The unveiling of “grand schemes” at the Institute in turn provoked repeated clashes of opinion between established academic theorists, international assistance officials, democratic activists, and area specialists…. Over and over again, the Kennan Institute served as host to heated discussions among senior academic specialists and a growing number of technical specialists for whom “Russia” had been little more than an abstract concept prior to the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991. There is no doubt that those who know Russia—including, most especially, Russians them- 23

30 YEAR REPORT | DIRECTOR’S REVIEWS selves—have a great deal to learn from arrivistes to the field. And yet, it is hard to believe that the sheer immensity and peculiar complexity of Russia and the other newly independent states of the region will not challenge the wisdom of the academic social scientist or technocrat who declares with disdain that “building theory” or the imperatives of “structural readjustment” represent a higher order of intellectual activity than “merely” descriptive empirical research. The conclusion seems regrettable yet inevitable: unless scholars and practitioners alike encourage a synthesis of abstract theory and concrete research, Russia’s latest social experiment will likely end about as successfully as its predecessors—the grand failures of Russia’s past….

Blair A. Ruble Director, Kennan Institute, 1992

While the nature Russia today is in the throes of reinventing itself as a state. What will the boundaries of of the relationship this new state be? How democratic will it be? Which social groups or institutional interests will between the predominate? How centralized will state institutions be? These questions are, of course, unan- swerable at this juncture. Yet I am convinced of one thing: that the ultimate resolution of these United States and conflicts must be based on long-term trends and national traditions which cannot be captured Russia has shifted on video-tape…. The real Russian revolution will not be televised…. Beyond politics and the crush of immediate economic problems, another area of national “since the end of life continues to concern Russians and Russianists everywhere: in the brave new world of the the Cold War, we post-Soviet era, what of Russian culture? In a nation whose distinguished traditions of literature, art, music, cinema, and dance have both defined the Russian profile and immeasurably continue to face enriched all of humanity, the question is far from casual; it is, in fact, a basic question of nation- challenges and al identity. The Kennan Institute thus views its continued support of research on topics in opportunities that Russian culture as a simple necessity…. The Kennan Institute has sought to focus more on social, economic, cultural, and even political trends beneath the visible surface of Russian life. I require insight and hope we have succeeded in incorporating these elements into the national discourse on Russia. understanding the Blair A. Ruble Kennan Institute Director, Kennan Institute, 1993 helps foster.

Tom Daschle 1999 A superficial knowledge of Russian history could tempt one to conclude that recent events are little more than a repetition of Russian history: a besieged Russian leader resorted to force to preserve his power; the Russian state began to manifest hegemonic aspira- tions towards neighboring states; the electoral success of a far right nationalist figure denoted a backlash of Russian chauvinism in the face of rapid, western-inspired reform. Yet things are no longer what them seem in the post-Soviet world. The leader in question is Russia’s first democratically elected president, the state aggressively articulating its interests is neither Soviet, nor imperial in the pre-Soviet sense—it is not even Muscovite. Indeed, as Russia’s regions strive for autonomy, one can legitimately wonder whether the future Russia that emerges from transition will retain its traditional character. It has become trivial to speak about the intellectual crisis of post-Soviet studies…. Russia is 24 living through an historic transformation, and those who study, write, and speak about the

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER country must keep pace with that change. Not a single speaker or scholar in residence at the Kennan Institute over the past twelve months has successfully negotiated all of the intellectual traps set by the collapse of the Soviet Union and current events on the other side of the planet. Certain participants in Kennan Institute programs are exploring social science theories in search of patterns that can be generalized and made relevant to Russian realities. Other guests have turned to historical patterns seemingly peculiar to Russia itself. A number of scholars remain drawn to explanations of Russia that border on the metaphysical. Still others appear to be withdrawing into the rhetoric of the cold war, substituting “Russian Federation” for “Soviet Union” in hackneyed analyses of times past. It would be folly to suggest that any single group of specialists wrestling with the complexi- ties of Russian affairs in the post-Soviet era has managed to postulate credible and comprehensive answers to the social, political, and economic conundrums faced by Russia today. Yet specialists from a variety of disciplinary, cultural, and national backgrounds are beginning to chart the broad contours of landscape which may eventually give rise to a valid understanding of post-Soviet Russia. The value of the Kennan Institute programs over the past year has been to bring together people from various disciplines to confront these problems collectively, forcing them to interact—and confront—one another. This is a significant achievement, for the pro- motion of civilized discourse about, and reasoned inquiry into, sensitive questions is at the heart of a truly free civil society.

Blair A. Ruble Director, Kennan Institute, 1994

The complexity of Russia’s present and the uncertainty of Russia’s past demand scholars from a variety of disciplines and nationalities to work with one another. Unfortunately, it has become fashionable for funding agencies to eschew the funding of American institutions in our field. Much better, they argue, to dive directly into Russia unhindered by area expertise…. I cannot help but feel that direct assistance to Russian scholars in Russia misses an important point. We had an opportunity in 1988, 1989, 1990, and 1991 to begin to integrate then-Soviet scholars into our own scholarly communities and, in the process, to enrich our own appreciation of social inquiry. Today, we are increasingly isolating Russian and other formerly Soviet scholars in their own societies. The Kennan Institute has been committed to nurturing human intellectual capital through its sponsorship of integrative research communities that transcend national disciplinary boundaries on a truly equal footing.

Blair A. Ruble Director, Kennan Institute, 1995

George Kennan once counseled that, when confronted with two contradictory statements about Russia, always assume that both are correct. As is frequently the case when Professor Kennan speaks of Russia, his words are worth heeding. This is a time when statements about Russia and Russian reform are certainly contradictory: on the one hand, the pres- 25

30 YEAR REPORT | DIRECTOR’S REVIEWS idential elections on July 3 represent a great victory for reform and democracy; yet, at the same time, the presidential elections change little, and Russia is on the verge of catastrophic collapse. Both statements have the ring of truth…. This is not a time for basking in glory. It is a time for serious hard work to discern precisely what is and is not happening in Russia. The Kennan Institute has once again become a prime venue for the debates reflected in the differences of opinion mentioned above. The intellectual and policy challenges of the post-Soviet transition have shown little sign of abating over the past year. In this sense, the Institute’s future appears to be bright.

Blair A. Ruble Director, Kennan Institute, 1996

It is extremely misleading to consider postsocialist transitions solely within the experiences of the former Soviet Union. All of the societies and people who once made up the Soviet Union are living through a period racked by the same forces that torment the globe’s other nations. We all live on the same planet at the same moment in history. The challenge for those of us who study the former Soviet Union, therefore, is to discern which phenomena are local manifestations of global forces, and which are uniquely connected with the peculiar experience of Soviet power…. Decentralization does not necessarily equate with democratization unless the structure and process of political and economic power evolve away from a more authoritarian past. International comparisons suggest that the future for Russian communities of all sizes, economic profiles, and ethnic compositions will be very difficult indeed even if their political transitions are successful. Newly autonomous regions and cities are being tossed into a belligerent world for which they have had little or no preparation. The inevitable result would seem to be a pattern of success and failure that will emerge from a combination of local resources and imaginative leadership…. Attempts to place Russian regions into a broader comparative perspective are sobering. They suggest that we cannot only think about Russia—or any of the other post-Soviet states—in isolation. A comparative perspective also amplifies the value of human capital in ensuring survival and success in a world that is, at one and the same time, more decentralized and more hierar- chical. This is where programs such as the Kennan Institute enter into the discussion.

Blair A. Ruble Director, Kennan Institute, 1997

The past year has been one during which regional differences in Russia have become ever more important. The current political, economic, and social crises confronting Russia are a product of globalized finances and misguided national policies. At another level, the upheavals of the past several weeks represent a tidal wave of despair sweeping across provincial Russia to overwhelm the capital…. The Kennan Institute’s strategy over the past year has been to move toward a general concep- 26 tion of Russian life by circling in from the edges, as it were; to place the current within the con-

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER Chita. Synagogue. (Photo: William Brumfield) text of the historical and the cultural…. We have followed a similar approach in order to extend understanding of Central Eurasia’s second largest state, Ukraine…. Recent financial and economic collapse are leading some observers to suggest that the successor states to the Soviet Union collectively and individually challenge many western assumptions about how societies function. Such a conclusion is premature. What we do now know is that it is impossible to assume from the outset that policies imported from the West can be merely imposed on Eurasian states with little attention to the contextual realities on the ground. Culture, history, politics all seem to matter, serving as filters through which western ideas must flow. Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, Moldova, the states of the Caucasus Region, and Central Asia offer a complexity and heterogeneity that confront theories and paradigms rooted in a different soil. The adversities experienced by this region over the past year have made it impossible for a program such as the Kennan Institute to become intellectually complacent. The tasks ahead in the year to come are likely to be even greater. There still remains a great deal for all of us to do.

Blair A. Ruble Director, Kennan Institute, 1998

Since the collapse of the Soviet Union, the system of scholarship that had successfully created and maintained scholars and researchers during Soviet times has significantly deteri- orated. Scholars during the Soviet period were faced with ideological strictures, inefficiencies, and isolation from the West. In the past decade, they have been forced to confront a wide range of other problems that threaten to destroy what had been the mainstay of research and training in the region—thriving intellectual communities…. The structural problems are quite clear: the institutional infrastructure for supporting scholarship in the social sciences and the humanities has largely collapsed throughout the region. 27

30 YEAR REPORT | DIRECTOR’S REVIEWS While it is true that there are islands of success and excellence, the overall picture is mixed. To put it in the sharpest terms, both the formal university and the informal “invisible university” that are so necessary for supporting scholars have crumbled. The new international boundaries dividing what was once the Soviet Union have inhibited the maintenance of previously long- standing ties…. Our programs over the past year heave attempted to respond in a positive way to this broad crisis within the intellectual communities of the region we study.

Blair A. Ruble Director, Kennan Institute, 1999

The past year has been one of tumultuous change throughout the former Soviet Union. Presidential elections in Ukraine and Russia both solidified and substantially altered local structures of power; semi-authoritarian leaders extended control over other states; oil began to be pumped to the surface in still others; while outright war once again tore at the fabric of too many of the societies which constitute the region. An inept debate in the United States over “Who Lost Russia?” sputtered ahead in fits and starts; international lending was suspended to Ukraine; and, less visible but even more lively debates erupted on how the West should relate to several of the countries in the area. All of these subjects burst forth in the Kennan Institute, at our public seminars and lectures, at informal discussions among our scholars-in-residence, and at our alumni events in Russia and Ukraine. They were the most predictable—but not necessarily the most important—aspects of our program this year. Arguably of greater meaning has been the emergence of a more mundane research agenda; one which focuses increasingly on the ways in which the post-Soviet world is not all that different from the world at large. The past year was one in which significant research and discussion at the Institute examined subjects such as poverty alleviation, educational reform, rural life, international migration. These topics, and a host of others, belie a certain fitful process where- by the life of the region begins to reflect perennial issues of life under capitalism…. Insight on and knowledge about what is really taking place in Russia, in Ukraine, and in their neighboring states are only possible through the difficult, long-term research methods and agendas already developed by social scientists and humanists around the world. The struggle over the futures of all of the states in the region is being waged every day in every institution through tens of thousands of small battles. These micro-level confrontations of past and future shape the ultimate form and meaning of the region every bit as much, if not more than, the election campaigns and financial scams which mesmerize observers from afar and humanists around the world. This is why an institution such as the Kennan Institute is so important for fostering an understanding of the ways in which the experiences of post-Soviet societies are simultaneously uncommon and universal.

Blair A. Ruble Director, Kennan Institute, 2000

The arrival of hundreds of thousands of migrants from across Eurasia in Ukraine, 28 Russia, Belarus and many other post-Soviet states suggests that local societies and communities

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER are being integrated into global economic and migration patterns. Increasing diversity is just one more sign of a broader process by which the region is entering the world at large. These societies have become host to international migrants relatively late, and only after the collapse of Soviet-enforced autarky. This new diversity should be viewed as a new norm for societies, countries, and economies now open to the world at large…. An analysis of present trends throughout the post-socialist and post-Soviet worlds must begin with an acknowledgement that numerous distinct groups of peoples have formed over the course of many centuries. This long history has given people of various ethnicities, linguistics Chita. Shumov Building. (Photo: William Brumfield) groups, religions, and cultures significant justifi- cation for each to consider various areas of the region to be their homelands. The multicultural aspect of the post-Communist space has important implications for contemporary state- and nation-building…. In the months ahead, we will seek to build on our past programs to expand the number of public lectures and research projects to address the multicultural legacies of former Communist states. Institute programming will address the implications of these legacies for the post-Soviet transition process both domestically and internationally, as countries attempt to define their roles in the region and in the world. Such activities will complement the Institute’s newest scholarship program, the Galina Starovoitova Fellowship on Conflict Resolution and Human Rights, which Secretary of State Madeleine Albright announced in Moscow in 1999.

Blair A. Ruble Director, Kennan Institute, 2001

Back when Mikhail Gorbachev was still a fresh face on the scene, I happened to be working at the Social Science Research Council in New York. As I recall that time I have come to realize that some of my most stimulating and insightful conversations about what was tran- spiring in perestroika-era Soviet Union took place on the northeast corner of Third Avenue and Fortieth Street of Manhattan. That was where Tony—an immigrant of indeterminate age and national origin—sold his hotdogs… Recalling Tony, one conversation in particular stands out as especially prescient. Soviet President Gorbachev had just caused quite a stir during a visit to Washington, D.C., when he stepped from his limousine a few blocks from the White House along Connecticut Avenue NW to shake hands with passers-by. Tony, hardly an amateur in repartee with urban crowds himself, couldn’t understand all the fuss….How can anyone expect the Soviet Union to change overnight, he asked. Real social change, he continued, takes a generation…. Russian and Ukrainian realities in 2002 were unimaginable when Tony and I would talk out on Third Avenue back in 1985, 1986, 1987, and 1988. I suspect that Tony would be pleased by 29

30 YEAR REPORT | DIRECTOR’S REVIEWS the progress that Russia and Ukraine have made in their transformations out of a bleak Soviet past. Just possibly, observers a gener- The Kennan Institute, and the ation from now will look back at 2002 as the year in which a stable Woodrow Wilson Center of which it is political party system began to coalesce in Ukraine; as the time during which Russia finally resolved its century-old debate between a part, are among Washington’s east and west by casting its fate firmly to Europe and North treasures. During a critical period of America. Many of my colleagues believe this to be so. my administration – when confronting My suspicion is that Tony would have a decidedly more mixed reaction to all that has transpired in Russia and Ukraine over the past the“ unprecedented peaceful transfor- year. The records of reform in both countries constitute major accom- mation and dissolution of a nuclear plishments given the powerfully negative legacy of the Soviet experience. The vagueness of what has been achieved does not readily lend super-power – the Kennan Institute itself to a single story line that can be tossed of at press conferences. provided a genuine resource for Tony would immediately understand why institutions such as the many to study, analyze and debate Kennan Institute are so necessary and important at this moment in Russian-Ukrainian-American relations. the events surrounding this unique era in history." Blair A. Ruble Director, Kennan Institute, 2002 George H.W. Bush 1999

Russian influence over how Americans think about the world turns out to be extensive and profound when approached through the lens of the performing arts. During the past year, in an attempt to demonstrate that Russia still “matters” to the U.S. a dozen years after the collapse of the Soviet Union, the Kennan Institute organized a series of events exploring Russian influences on American performing arts and sports. Participants in these seminars spoke of what is generally known and acknowledged (Russian figure skaters, ballet dancers, and symphony orchestra musicians are ubiquitous in contemporary American life) as well as much that has been long forgotten or scarcely acknowledged (two Russian geniuses work with American cir- cus elephants)…. The Kennan Institute’s tour through Russian influences on American performing arts, which will continue in the program year ahead, is a reminder of Ambassador George F. Kennan’s wisdom and insight when, in speaking before a dinner honoring the twenty-fifth anniversary of our Institute on October 4, 1999, he observed: “When it comes to the relationship between great peoples, that relationship is not finished, not complete, when it only con- sists of the military relationship, the economic, and the political. There ahs to be, and particularly in the case of Russia, there has to be another supplementary dimension to these relations—and that is the dimension of the meeting of people in the work of the intellect, in the respect for scholarship and history, in the understanding of art and music and in all the intu- itive feelings that go to united us even in the most difficult times to many people in Russia.” There is much more to the U.S.-Russian relationship than geopolitics, energy trade, and technical assistance. Other dimensions emerge as one begins to think about Russia from many different perspectives. The ambiguities of the realities of Russia—and of Ukraine and other neighboring states about which similar observations could be made—are revealed only through 30 difficult, long-term research methods and protocols which both include and transcend the

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER issues of the day. We stand this complex region through support of the sort of analysis and scholarship which eschews simple answers. I hope that the pages to follow demonstrate our commitment to such research in the U.S., in Russia, and in Ukraine.

Blair A. Ruble Director, Kennan Institute, 2003

Throughout nearly all of the 20th century, George Kennan was hearing sounds emanating from deep within Russia before any of the rest of us ever noticed. Like his ancestor George Kennan the Elder (after whom our institute is named) before him, George Kennan the Younger did not shy away when he heard these sounds; he ran towards them. Both George Kennans always embraced Russia and believed that Russia’s embrace enriched them in return. George Kennan the Younger (“our George Kennan”) turned 100 on February 16, 2004. The institute he founded will turn 30 in just a few weeks in December 2004. This is a good moment, therefore, to reflect on the extent to which we have managed to live up to the high standards set by the institute’s founders George Kennan, S. Frederick Starr, and James Billington. If the Kennan Institute has been successful over the past thirty years, I would argue that it has been so been at those moments when we too have chased sounds from across the Russian steppe. We’ve been able to do so because my remarkable predecessors—S. Frederick Starr, Abbott “Tom” Gleason, John Glad, Herbert J. Ellison and Peter Reddaway—and the dozens of people who have served on the Kennan Institute staff in Washington, Moscow and Kyiv, the hundreds of wonderful interns, and the more than 1,200 scholars who have worked at the Kennan Institute, have enabled us to honor Professor Kennan’s challenge that the Kennan Institute always approach Russia in its entirety.. Hopefully in the process we have both enriched ourselves, and fulfilled our mission of enriching the United States.

Blair A. Ruble Director, Kennan Institute, 2004

30 YEAR REPORT | DIRECTOR’S REVIEWS ADVISORY COUNCILS

The Kennan Institute’s Advisory Council was established in 1975 under the chair- manship of Professor George F. Kennan to provide advice on all academic aspects of the Institute’s work. Leadership of the Council has subsequently been provided by chairs Cyril E. Black (1984–1986), Donald W. Treadgold (1986–1991), Abbott Gleason (1991–1994), Terence Emmons (1994–1997), Herbert J. Ellison (1997–2001), and Thomas W. Simons, Jr. (2001–2005). The Council is comprised of distinguished scholars representing diverse disciplines, approaches, institutions, and regions both within the United States and abroad. It has included directors of leading university centers of Russian and Soviet Studies, editors of principal journals in the field, and distinguished diplomats. The Advisory Council advises the Kennan Institute on all scholarly aspects of its work. The Council reviews applications for the Galina Starovoitova Fellowship, Title VIII Research Scholarship, Fulbright-Kennan Institute Research Scholarship, Short-Term, and Central Eurasian Short-Term grants. Council members, who normally serve for four years, assist the Institute individually by advising staff members and helping organize conferences. The Russian Alumni Association Advisory Council advises the Kennan Institute on the direction and form of alumni activities in the Russian Federation. The Ukrainian Alumni Association. Advisory Council performs similar duties in Ukraine. Alumni Council members normally serve for two years and represent various regions of Russia and Ukraine. The following pages list those people who have been Advisory Council and Alumni Council members of the Kennan Institute since its founding.

John A. Armstrong, 1980–1984 Harley Balzer, 2002–2006 Cyril E. Black, Chair, 1984–1986 Professor of Political Science, Associate Professor, Department Professor of History, Princeton University of Wisconsin, Madison of Government and School of University Foreign Service, Georgetown Vernon V. Aspaturian, 1985–1989 University Pilar Bonet, 1993–1997 Director, Center for Soviet and Moscow Correspondent, El Pais, Slavic Area Studies, and Evan Pugh Joseph S. Berliner, 1984–1986 Madrid Professor of Political Science, Professor Emeritus of Economics, Pennsylvania State University Brandeis University Timothy Colton, 2000–2004 Director, Davis Center for Russian Carol J. Avins, 1992–1996 David M. Bethea, 1992–1997 and Eurasian Studies, and Morris Professor of Slavic Languages and Professor of Slavic Languages and and Anna Feldberg Professor of Literatures, Northwestern Literatures, University of Government and Russian Studies, 32 University Wisconsin, Madison Harvard University

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER George J. Demko, 1983–1987 Gregory Grossman, 1975–1982 Hon. Jack F. Matlock, Jr., Director, Office of the Professor of Economics, University 1993–1997 Geographer, U.S. Department of of California, Berkeley The Kathryn and Shelby Cullom State Davis Professor in the Practice of Oleksiy Haran, 2001–2005 International Diplomacy, School of Nadia Diuk, 2004–2008 Professor of Political Science, and International and Public Affairs, Director, Central Europe and Director, School for Policy Columbia University Eurasia Program, National Analysis, University of Kyiv-Mohyla Endowment for Democracy Academy Ellen Mickiewicz, 1989–1993 Director, Soviet Media and Leokadia Drobizheva, 2001–2005 Alison Hilton, 1994–1998 International Communications Director, Institute of Sociology, Professor of Art, Georgetown Program, Carter Center, and Russian Academy of Sciences, University Alben W. Barkley Professor of Moscow Political Science, Emory University George W. Hoffman, 1975–1977 Vera S. Dunham, 1975–1982 Professor of Geography, James R. Millar, 1975–1982 Professor of Slavic Languages, University of Texas, Austin Professor of Economics, University Queens College, City University of of Illinois, Urbana–Champaign, and New York Jerry F. Hough, 1975–1980 Editor, Slavic Review Professor of Political Science, Herbert J. Ellison, Chair, Duke University Beth Mitchneck, 2002–2006 1998–2002 Associate Dean for Academic Professor and Director, Jackson Allen Kassof, 1979–1983 Affairs, and Associate Professor of School of International Studies, Executive Director, International Geography, College of Social and University of Washington Research and Exchanges Board Behavioral Sciences, University of Arizona Terence Emmons, 1975–1979; Peter Kenez, 1994–1998 1993; Chair, 1994–1997 Professor of History, University of Catharine Nepomnyashchy, Professor of History, Stanford California, Santa Cruz 2000–2004 University Chair, Slavic Department, and Ann Hon. George F. Kennan, Chair, Whitney Olin Professor of Russian Richard Ericson, 1989–1992 1975–1984 Literature, Barnard College; and Professor of Economics, Columbia Professor Emeritus, Princeton Director, Harriman Institute, University University Columbia University

Victor Erlich,1975–1977 Kathleen Kuehnast, 2001–2005 Daniel Orlovsky, 1989–1993 Professor of Slavic Languages and Research Associate, Institute of Chair and Professor, Department Literatures, Yale University European, Russian, and Eurasian of History, Southern Methodist Studies, George Washington University Maurice Friedberg, 1985–1989 University Professor of Russian Literature and Kathleen Parthé, 1996–2000 Head, Department of Slavic Gail W. Lapidus, 1983–1984 Associate Professor, Department Languages and Literatures, Associate Professor of Political of Modern Languages and University of Illinois, Urbana- Science, University of California, Culture, University of Rochester Champaign Berkeley Oleksandr Pavliuk, 1997–2001 Abbott Gleason, 1990–1991; Moshe Lewin, 1979–1984 Senior Lecturer of History, Chair, 1991–1994 Professor of History, University of University of Kyiv-Mohyla Professor of History, Brown Pennsylvania Academy, and Director, EastWest University Institute, Kyiv Bernice Madison, 1977–1983 David Granick, 1982–1984 Professor of Social Welfare, San Elizabeth Pond, 1997–2001 Professor of Economics, University Francisco State University Journalist, Bonn and Berlin of Wisconsin, Madison 33

30 YEAR REPORT | ADVISORY COUNCILS Linda Randall, 1998–2002 Donald M. Treadgold, Assistant Professor and Chair, 1977–1981; Chair, 1986–1991 College of Business Administration, Professor of History, University of University of Rhode Island Washington

Nicholas V. Riasanovsky, Adam B. Ulam, 1984–1988 1985–1989 Professor of Government, Harvard Professor of History, University of University California, Berkeley Heinrich Vogel, 2001–2005 Hans Rogger, 1984–1988 Member of Board, German Professor of History, University of Institute for International and California, Los Angeles Security Affairs; and Associate Professor, University of Blair A. Ruble, 1987–1989 Amsterdam Staff Associate, Social Science Research Council, New York Mark von Hagen, 1996–2000 Director, Harriman Institute, and Jane Sharp, 1998–2002 Professor of History, Columbia Assistant Professor, Department of University Art History and Archaeology, University of Maryland, College Grace Kennan Warnecke, Park, and Assistant Professor of 1996–2008 Art History, Rutgers University Chief of Party, Women Economic Empowerment, Winrock Ambassador Thomas W. Simons, International, Kyiv; and Jr., 1998–2000; Chair, 2001–2005 Consultant, New York Consulting Professor of History, Stanford University; Director, Dean Worth, 1988–1992 Program on Eurasia in Transition, Professor of Slavic Languages, Davis Center for Russian and University of California, Los Eurasian Studies, Harvard Angeles University; and Provost’s Visiting Professor, Cornell University Richard Wortman, 2004–2008 Bryce Professor of History, Susan Gross Solomon, Columbia University 1994–1998 Chita. Timokhovich house, Nagornaia Street 38. (Photo: Professor of Political Science, Larissa Zakharova, William Brumfield) University of Toronto 1997–2001 Professor, Department of History, John Tedstrom, 2001–2005 Moscow State University President, TransAtlantic Partners Alex Pravda, 1989–1993 Against AIDS Serge A. Zenkovsky, Fellow, St. Antony’s College, 1982–1985 Oxford University Victor Terras, 1982–1986 Professor Emeritus of Slavic Professor of Slavic Languages and Civilizations and Literatures, Alexander Rabinowitch, Literatures, Brown University Vanderbilt University 1981–1985 Professor of History, Indiana Judith Thornton, 1992–1996 William Zimmerman, 1975–1984 University Professor of Economics, University Professor of Political Science, of Washington University of Michigan, Ann Arbor

William Mills Todd III, 1988–1992 Professor of Slavic Languages and 34 Literatures, Harvard University

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER Russian Alumni Association Advisory Council

Viktor Avksentiev, 2002–2004 Aleksandr Kubyshkin, 2004– William Smirnov, 1997–1998; Chair, Department of Social Professor and Chair, Department Chair, 1998–2002 Philosophy and Ethnology, of Regional Studies and Director, Center for Political Stavropol’ State University International Relations, Volograd Studies, Institute for State and State University Law, Russian Academy of Aleksei Barabashev,Chair, Sciences, Moscow 1996–1998 Anatoly Krasikov, 2000–2003 Professor, Institute of State Director, Center for Religious and Natalia Soyunen, 1996–1997 Management, Moscow State Social Studies, Institute of Europe, Advisor, Juridical Department, University Russian Academy of Sciences, Legislative Assembly of the Moscow Republic of Kareliia Iurii Baturin, Chair, 2002–2004 Cosmonaut, Russian Cosmonaut Ivan Kurilla, 1999–2002 Aleksandr Sungurov, 1996–1999 Center, Zvezdnyi gorodok Assistant Professor, Department of President, St. Petersburg History, Volgograd State Humanities and Political Science Irina Dezhina, 2004– University Center “Strategy” Leading Researcher, Institute of Transitional Economincs, Moscow Larisa Loginova, 2002–2004 Viktor Vereshchagin, 1996–1999 First Deputy Chair, Russian Deputy Director, Expert Institute, Vladimir Iakimets, 1999–2002; Securities and Exchange Moscow Vice Chair, 2002–2004 Commission, Krasnoiarsk Senior Researcher, Institute for Revekka Voulfovich, 2002–2004 Systems Analysis, Russian Olga Safronenko, 1997–2000 Associate Professor, International Academy of Sciences, Moscow Chair, English Language Department, Northwestern Department, Rostov State Academy for Public Aleksandr Khodnev, 1996–2000 University Administration, St. Petersburg Associate Professor and Chair, Department of General History, Yaroslavl’ State Pedagogical University Ukrainian Alumni Advisory Council

Olha Filippova, 2001–2004 Ihor Koval, 2001–2005 Associate Professor, Department Director, Institute of Social of Social Sciences, National Sciences, Odesa National Pharmaceuticals University, University Kharkiv Oleksandr Pavliuk, Chair, 2001 Oleksandr Fisun, Chair, Director, EastWest Institute, Kyiv 2002–2006 Associate Professor, Department Viktor Susak, 2001–2004 of Political Science, Kharkiv Associate Professor Department National University of History and Theory of Sociology, L’viv National Antonina Kolodii, 2004–2007 University Kalinino (Chita Region). Dormition Church, Chair, Department of Political Nerchinsk Dormition Monastery. (Photo: William Science, Kyiv International Brumfield) University 35

30 YEAR REPORT | ADVISORY COUNCILS KENNAN COUNCIL

In 2001 the Kennan Institute established the Kennan Council to advise the Institute on relations with the corporate community. Council members are drawn from the worlds of business, finance, law, and public policy. The Kennan Council was founded with two goals in mind. First, it is intended to help ensure the financial strength of the Kennan Institute. Second, it enables the Institute to broaden its programming to inform and learn from the issues confronting the private sector in Russia, Ukraine, and the surrounding states. Members are asked to help identify which issues, whether political, social, or economic, are of the greatest concern to the private sector, and to help with fundraising.

Current Kennan Council Members

Christopher Kennan, Chair Ted Jonas The Honorable Thomas Director Of Counsel Pickering LuxeFragrances, LLP Baker & Botts LLP Senior Vice President The Boeing Company Len Blavatnik, Vice Chair Boris Jordan Chairman President Daniel Poneman Access Industries The Sputnik Group Principal The Scowcroft Group Peter Francis James C. Langdon, Jr. International Senior Advisor Akin, Gump, Strauss, Hauer & Paul Rodzianko ExxonMobil Corporation Feld, LLP Senior Vice President Access Industries Richard Herold Richard W. Moncrief Director, International Affairs Chairman Peter L. Schaffer BP Government Relations Moncrief Oil International, Inc. A La Vieille Russie

Past Kennan Council Members

Rose Brady Herbert J. Ellison Katharine Graham Editor Director President Business Week Henry M. Jackson School of The Washington Post Company International Studies, University Howard Cooper of Washington Donald Kendall President Former Chairman and CEO Teton Petroleum Company Terrence English PepsiCo, Inc. President 36 Sovlink Corporation

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER Nerchinsk. Log house, Soviet Street. (Photo: William Brumfield)

J. Murray Logan Edgar Oritz Managing Partner CEO, Energy Services Group L-R Global Partners, L.P. Halliburton Rockefeller & Co., Inc. Janice Van Dyke Walden Randy Majors Vice President, Public Relations Managing Director Vanco Energy Company Williams International

30 YEAR REPORT | KENNAN COUNCIL FRIENDS OF THE KENNAN INSTITUTE

From 1984–1994, a group of private citizens called the Friends of the Kennan Institute played a vital role in raising funds to establish an endowment for the Kennan Institute. The endowment, now called the George F. Kennan Fund, has been an important source of funding for Institute programs. The Kennan Institute is very grateful to this group of dedicated individuals.

Friends of the Kennan Institute (1984–1994)

Dwayne O. Andreas Schuyler G. Chapin Pamela C. Harriman Christopher Kennan George F. Kennan Jack F. Matlock George D. O’Neill William M. Roth Richard Salomon Marshall D. Shulman Frank E. Taplin Thomas J. Watson

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER SCHOLARS

The Kennan Institute’s residential fellowship program supports outstanding research on Russia, Ukraine, and other states of the region in the fields of social sciences and humanities. The Institute currently offers nine types of grants: Woodrow Wilson Center Fellowships, Public Policy Scholarships, Senior Scholarships, Senior Policy Scholarships, Galina Starovoitova Fellowships on Human Rights and Conflict Resolution, Fulbright-Kennan Institute Research Scholarships, Title VIII-Supported Research Scholarships, Short-Term grants, and Central Eurasian Short-Term grants. In the past, the Institute has also offered Guest Scholarships and Regional Exchange Scholarships. The competitive application process is open to qualified academic scholars as well as practitioners from government, the media, and the private sector. All programs except Short-Term grants are limited to candidates with doctoral degrees or equivalent professional achievement. Woodrow Wilson Center Fellowships, which last four to ten months, and Senior Scholarships, which last several years, are awarded to senior scholars who have completed substantial advanced research and demonstrated distinction in publications. Public Policy Scholarships and Senior Policy Scholarships are offered to scholars and practitioners to conduct policy-relevant research. Previously, the Wilson Center awarded a small number of Guest Scholarships to particularly distinguished individuals. Galina Starovoitova Fellowships on Human Rights and Conflict Resolution were first offered in 2000 and are funded by the Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs of the U.S. Department of State (ECA). The Fellowship honors Russian democrat and human rights activist Galina Starovoitova by providing three- to six-month grants to prominent scholars and policymakers from the Russian Federation who have successfully bridged the worlds of ideas and public affairs to advance human rights and conflict resolution. Fulbright-Kennan Institute Research Scholarships, also funded by ECA, were first offered during the 2003-04 program year and are available to scholars from Ukraine and Russia. The Fulbright-Kennan program replaced Regional Exchange Scholarships, which were available to researchers at the kandidat level from throughout the former Soviet Union, with preference given to early- and mid-career scholars. In 1994, the Regional and Municipal Governance Program, funded by the Eurasia Foundation, brought a group of regional and city officials from central Russian regions to the Kennan Institute. These scholars focused on projects related to facilitating and regulating foreign investment in Russia. Research Scholarships, which last up to nine months, have two primary aims: to provide scholars with the opportunity to complete their first major monographic study, and to support neglected or undeveloped disciplinary and topical areas of inquiry in Eurasian studies. Research Scholarships are funded by the Program for Research and Training on Eastern Europe and the Independent States of the former Soviet Union (Title VIII), administered by the Bureau of 39

30 YEAR REPORT | SCHOLARS Intelligence and Research of the Department of State. Short-Term Grants are available for up to one month to scholars who need to use the resources of Washington, D.C., and are open to doctoral candidates completing their disserta- tions. The Short-Term grants program is funded by Title VIII and by the Institute’s George F. Kennan Fund. Each year the Institute selects, through an open competition, scholars from around the world to work on advanced research projects pertaining to the former Soviet Union. The goals of its residential scholarship program are twofold: to improve U.S. understanding of the present condition and historical evolution of Russia and the other successor states to the USSR, and to make available to the global Slavic Studies community the unique research resources found in the Washington, D.C. area. Kennan Institute scholars have direct access to libraries, research facilities, and human resources that are among the finest available in the United States. Resident scholars regularly participate in Aginskoe (Chita Region). Main temple, Aginsk datsan. (Photo: public lectures and seminars, specialized confer- William Brumfield) ences, and informal presentations at the Institute and the Woodrow Wilson Center. The Institute provides a professional working environment where scholars forge links with American and international colleagues and institutions. Resident scholars have the opportunity to disseminate their research to a larger audience through the publications program of the Institute, as well as through events such as Policy Forums at the U.S. State Department. In its first thirty years, the Kennan Institute has hosted over 1,200 resident scholars, including academic experts, diplomats, writers, government analysts, and journalists whose research has covered an immense range of topics in a great variety of academic disciplines. The Institute’s fellowship program has always sustained an international environment where American and foreign scholars have conducted research on all aspects of Russia and the Soviet Union, forging professional ties across nations and traditions of scholarly inquiry. Initially, foreign experts at the Institute came mostly from Europe, yet over time the community of scholars supported by Institute grants has expanded to include leading scholars on the region from Asia, Latin America, and, finally, from Russia and the former Soviet republics themselves. The collective research that has been conducted at the Kennan Institute has been instrumental in building a broad, deep, and discriminating understanding of Russia, the Soviet Union, and the post- Soviet states of the region. The publications that have resulted from this research now grace the shelves of libraries around the world. In its early years, the Institute was open only to a limited number of advanced researchers on Russia and the Soviet Union. Scholars in residence at that time were among the finest in the profession, yet funding limitations kept their numbers small. With the advent of the Title VIII program (the Soviet and East European Research and Training Act of 1983 of the U.S. 40 Department of State), however, the Institute was able to expand its scholarship program to

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER include younger scholars in the early stages of their careers. Thanks to the Title VIII program, the Institute hosted its first Research Scholars in 1985, when it also expanded its funding for Short-Term Scholars. To date, nearly 600 scholars awarded grants at the Kennan Institute have been supported by the Title VIII program. During its first ten years of existence, few scholars from the Soviet Union were able to come to the Institute. As Soviet society began to open up during the perestroika era, however, the number of applicants from the Soviet Union began to grow exponentially and, consequently, so did the I have gathered number of grants awarded to scholars from the region. The Institute has hosted over 350 scholars not only much from Russia and the other former republics of the Soviet Union since 1987. Between 1993 and 2003, scholars from the former USSR were supported by the Regional Scholar Exchange material…but also Program; since 2003, researchers from Russia and Ukraine have been supported by the Fulbright- fresh ideas and Kennan Institute Research Scholar program. These two programs have enabled the Institute to maintain the active participation of scholars from the NIS in its residential scholar program. motivation. The international environment of the Wilson Center and the Kennan Institute offers both “ intellectual challenge and a collegial atmosphere conducive to research and intellectual devel- Gulnara opment. Numerous Kennan scholars have remarked on the Institute’s atmosphere of relaxed Chaikhoutdinova collegiality—one free from interruption and teaching duties, allowing for concentrated work August 2003 and reflection. It is a place where scholars whose interests span a wide variety of disciplines enjoy informal, lively conversation and debate; exchange ideas and information; review one another’s work; and develop professional ties that last well after the conclusion of their resi- dency at the Institute. The names that follow constitute a broad community of professional scholars and practitioners in the field of Russian, Soviet, and post-Soviet studies. As each new generation of scholars arrives to leave its mark on the Kennan Institute, this community will continue to be renewed and enriched.

Fellows

Konstantin Akinsha, Contributing “The Making and Remaking of and Hasidic Jewry.” February–May Editor, ARTnews, New York. Nations: Nationalist Mobilization 1979. “Cultural Losses of the USSR dur- and the Collapse of the Soviet ing World War II.” September State.” September 1995–June Joseph S. Berliner, Professor of 1997–May 1998. 1996. Economics, Brandeis University. “The Economics of Human Vassily Aksyonov, Writer, Robert L. Belknap, Professor of Fertility in the USSR.” October Washington, D.C. “The Russian, Columbia University. 1980–January 1981. Paperscape: A Novel.” “Dostoevsky’s Use of His September 1981–May 1982. Sources.” September Cyril E. Black, Director, Center for 1987–February 1988. International Studies, Princeton Walter P. Arndt, Professor of University. “Modern Russian and Russian, Dartmouth College. Alexandre Bennigsen, Director of Soviet History in a Comparative “Pushkin’s Rhymed Poetry.” Studies, École des Hautes Études Context.” September October 1981. en Sciences Sociales, Paris, and 1982–January 1983. Professor of History, University of Mark R. Beissinger, Professor, Chicago. “Traditionalist Bohdan Bociurkiw, Professor of Department of Political Science, Ideologies in the USSR: Muslim Political Science, Carleton University of Wisconsin, Madison. Sufi Brotherhoods, Old Believers, University. “The Orthodox Church, 41

30 YEAR REPORT | SCHOLARS the State, and Social Change in European History, Tel Aviv Aleksandr Etkind, Senior the Ukraine.” September University. “Russia, 1880–1917: Research Fellow, Institute of 1984–June 1985. Society and Politics.” July Sociology, Russian Academy of 1982–March 1983. Sciences, and Fellow, Institute of Jeffrey Brooks, Professor of Human Sciences, Vienna. “Sects History, Johns Hopkins University. Alexander Dallin, Professor of and Intelligentsia: Popular “The Course of Two International History, Stanford University. Mystical Sectarianism and Models Cultural Movements in the Former “Domestic Determinants of of Rationality in Pre-Revolutionary Soviet Union: Commercial Popular Russian Foreign Policy.” Russia.” September 1997–May Culture and Aesthetic September 1978–February 1979. 1998. Modernism.” September 1999–June 2000. Robert V. Daniels, Professor of Murray Feshbach, Chief, USSR History, University of Vermont. Population, Employment, and Robert Campbell, Professor of “The Russian Revolution and R&D Branch, Foreign Economics, Indiana University. Socialism.” January–May 1985. Demographic Analysis Division, “Soviet Economic Restraints, U.S. Department of Commerce. “A Study of the Multidimensional Strategic Doctrine, and the Dusko Doder, Moscow Bureau Impact of Current Demographic Military Balance with the United Chief, Washington Post. “Power in Trends on Soviet Policy.” October States.” February–August 1983. the Kremlin, 1980–1985: Years of 1979–June 1980. Exhausted Communism.” Giulietto Chiesa, Moscow January–August 1986. Correspondent, L’Unita, Italy. Sheila Fitzpatrick, Professor of History, University of Texas, “Democratization of Soviet A. Ben Eklof, Associate Professor Austin. “The Politics of Soviet Society: Problems and of History, Indiana University. Industrialization, 1928–1932.” Possibilities.” September “How They Were Taught: The September 1981–May 1982. 1989–August 1990. Daily Life of the Russian School before the Revolution, Peter K. Christoff, Professor of 1864–1914.” September R. Antony French, Senior Lecturer History, San Francisco State 1987–June 1988. in Geography, University College, University. “History of Nineteenth- London, and the School of Slavonic and East European Century Russian Slavophilism.” Barbara A. Engel, Associate Studies, London. “The Analysis of September 1976–January 1977. Professor of History, University of Spatial Differentiation in Soviet Colorado, Boulder. “From the Cities.” February–August 1988. Elizabeth Clayton, Professor of Fields to the City: Women, Work, Economics, University of Missouri, and Family in Russia St. Louis. “Empirical Measures of (1861–1914).” April–July 1991. John Garrard, Professor of Soviet Productivity.” July Russian Literature, University of Virginia. “The Inner Face of Soviet 1978–July 1979. Laura Engelstein, Professor of Russian Literature.” September History, Princeton University. 1984–June 1985. Professor of Walter C. Clemens, Jr., Professor “Embedded Margins: Cultural Russian Studies, University of of Political Science, Boston Exclusions in Late Imperial Arizona. “From Party to Patriarch: University. “The Dynamics of Russia.” September 1993–June Russian Orthodoxy Resurgent.” Soviet Foreign Policy, 1994. September 2004–June 2005. 1917–1976.” September 1976–August 1977. Mikhail Naumovich Epstein, Dietrich Geyer, Professor of East Member, USSR Writers’ Union; European History, University of Timothy J. Colton, Associate Head, Laboratory of Modern Tübingen, Federal Republic of Professor of Political Science, Culture; and Visiting Professor, Germany. “Russian Social and University of Toronto. “Governing Gorky Literary Institute, Moscow. Institutional History, 1750–1917.” Moscow, 1917–1980.” September “Ideological Language: An May–August 1978. 1982–June 1983. Investigation into the Language of Soviet Ideology.” August Grigorii Golosov, Associate Michael Confino, Samuel Rubin 1990–August 1991. Professor, Political Science and 42 Professor of Russian and East

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER Sociology Department, European University. “The Struggle Against Daniel H. Kaiser, Joseph F. University, St. Petersburg. Alcohol Abuse in Tsarist Russia.” Rosenfield Professor of Social “Rootless Grass: Party Politics in February–June 1990. Studies, Grinnell College. the Regions of Russia.” “Marriage and the Family in Early September 2002–May 2003. Dale R. Herspring, Foreign Modern Russia.” January–May Service Officer (retired), U.S. 1986. Dmitry Gorenburg, Director of Department of State; and Adjunct Russian and East European Professor of Political Science, Richard F. Kaufman, General Programs, The CNA Corporation, Georgetown University. “Using Counsel, Joint Economic Alexandria. “Soviet and Post- the Past to Chart the Future: Committee, U.S. Congress. Soviet Nationalities Policy and Military Reform in the USSR, the “Economic Intelligence and Cold Assimilation, 1953–2002.” 1920s and the Present.” August War Policy.” September September 2003–May 2004. 1991–July 1992. 1993–June 1994.

Gabriel Gorodetsky, Senior Franklyn D. Holzman, Professor Peter Kenez, Professor of History, Lecturer and Senior Research of Economics, Tufts University. “A University of California, Santa Cruz. Fellow, Russian and East Study of Comparisons of U.S. and “The Making of the Soviet Man: A European Center, Tel Aviv Soviet Defense Expenditures and Study of Soviet Indoctrination in University. “Origins of the Cold Their Implications for Policy.” the 1920s and 1930s.” September War: The Wartime Alliance September 1981–June 1982. 1979–August 1980. Reconsidered.” September 1986–July 1987. Jerry F. Hough, Professor of Amy W. Knight, Senior Research Political Science, Duke University. Specialist, Federal Research Loren R. Graham, Professor of “The Administration of Soviet Division, Library of Congress. History of Science, Massachusetts Agriculture.” July–December “Security Police and the Transition Institute of Technology. “Science 1984. to a Civil Society: The Soviet and Russian Society: A History Union as a Case Study.” Since 1860.” November Donald Barton Johnson, September 1992–June 1993. 1981–February 1982. Professor of Russian, University of California, Santa Barbara. Anatole Kopp, Professor of David Granick, Professor of “Modernism and Dissent in Post- Architecture, University of Paris VIII, Economics, University of Stalinist Russian Prose: Sinyavsky, France. “Architecture and Planning Wisconsin, Madison. “Full Aksyonov, and Sokolov.” in the Relations between the Soviet Employment in the USSR and Its January–June 1990. Union and the West from 1928 to Economic Implications.” World War II.” January–June 1987. September 1978–August 1979. David Joravsky, Professor of History, Northwestern University. Nikolai Krementsov, Senior Christian Haerpfer, Professor of “Psychology and Researcher, History of Science Political Science, University of Neurophysiology in Russia from Institute, St. Petersburg. Vienna, Austria. “Democracy and the 1860s to the 1950s.” “Nationalistic Internationalism: Market Economy in Post-Soviet September 1977–June 1978. Science and International Politics Europe.” September 2004–June “From Naturalism to Modernism: between the World Wars.” 2005. Literature, Ideology, and Science September 2002–May 2003. in Russia and France.” September Kathryn Hendley, Professor, Law 1990–April 1991. Tomila Lankina, Senior Research and Political Science Fellow, Institute for the Social Departments, University of Arcadius Kahan, Professor of Sciences, Humboldt University, Wisconsin, Madison. “Revitalizing Economics, University of Chicago. Germany. “The Impact of the Law: An Analysis of the Role of “The Impact of Industrialization ‘West’ on Russia’s Northwest.” Law in Russian Enterprises.” on the Social Structure of the September 2004–June 2005. September 2002–May 2003 Jewish Population in Russia from the 1880s–1928.” Gail W. Lapidus, Associate Patricia Herlihy, Associate June–September 1978. Professor of Political Science and Professor of History, Brown Chair, Center for Slavic and East 43

30 YEAR REPORT | SCHOLARS Zvi Lerman, Senior Lecturer in Yakov Solomonovich Luria, Agricultural Economics and Professor Emeritus, Institute of Management, The Hebrew Russian Literature (Pushkin On the whole, I would say the University of Jerusalem. House), Russian Academy of Center’s programs and operations “Agriculture in Transition: Sciences, St. Petersburg. “Lev Reflections on Environmental Tolstoy’s Philosophy of History are excellent, providing many servic- Law’s First Three Decades in the and Its Perception in the United States.” September Twentieth Century.” September es for the Fellows…The library privi- 1999–June 2000. 1991–August 1992. leges and research assistants are Victor Levin, Professor of Slavic Arkady Lvov, writer, New York. “extremely valuable, for which I thank Languages, Hebrew University of “The Third and Fourth Volumes of you most strongly. They truly increase Jerusalem, Israel. “The Language the Novel Dvor (The Courtyard).” of Russian Prose in the Eighteenth December 1985–May 1986. the productivity of research time…. In through Twentieth Centuries.” October 1983–May 1984. Bernice Madison, Professor of the four-month period I was here I Social Welfare, San Francisco was, to my surprise, able to get more Moshe Lewin, Professor of State University. “Social Welfare in History, University of Birmingham, the Soviet Union.” September done than I had anticipated. England. “A History of Soviet 1977–August 1978. Russian Society, 1928–1941.” October 1976–September 1977. Gregory J. Massell, Professor of Loren Graham Political Science, Hunter College, March 1982 Robert A. Lewis, Professor of City University of New York. Geography, Columbia University. “Communist Strategies of Social “The Process of Population Engineering and Modernization in European Studies, University of Redistribution in Russia and the Soviet Central Asia, 1930–1970.” California, Berkeley. USSR since 1897 and Its Impact September 1977–August 1978. “Ethnonationalism and Political on Social Life.” September Stability in the USSR.” September 1976–September 1977. Olga Matich, Professor of Russian 1982–February 1983. Literature, University of Southern Dietrich Loeber, Professor, California. “Love as a Cultural Alma H. Law, Co-director, University Law School, Kiel, Concept in Russian Utopianism Institute for Eastern European Germany. “East-West Trade and from 1860 to 1940.” November Drama and Theatre, Center for Soviet Publishing.” February-April 1991–June 1992. Advanced Study in Theatre Arts, 1978. City University of New York. “The Margarita Mazo, Assistant Soviet Theatre, 1952–1985: The Nancy Lubin, Associate Professor Professor, School of Music, Ohio Politics of Culture since Stalin.” of History, Carnegie Mellon State University. “Collections of August–December 1985. University. “A Broken Russian Folk Songs.” September Compromise: Soviet Central Asia: 1987–June 1988. Anna Lawton, Associate Professor The Challenges Ahead.” of Russian Literature and Film, September 1990–June 1991. Brenda Meehan-Waters, Purdue University. “Cinema and Associate Professor of History, Co- the Russian Avant-Garde: Linda Lubrano, Professor of director of Russian Studies, Aesthetics and Politics.” Political Science, School of University of Rochester. “Church, July–October 1985. International Service, American State, and Society: Women’s University. “Informal Networks Religious Communities in Russia, John P. Ledonne, independent and Professional Values: A 1764–1917.” July–December scholar, Cambridge, Prelude to Reform in the 1985. Massachusetts. “Heartland and Academy of Sciences of the Borderland: The Formation of the USSR.” September 1988–August Andrew S. Meier, Russian Empire, 1700–1825.” July 1989. Correspondent, Time Magazine, 44 1989–June 1990. Moscow Bureau. “Russia at Five

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER Corners.” September 2001–May Johns Hopkins University. “The Peter Reddaway, Senior Lecturer 2002. Politics of Soviet National Security in Political Science, London Policy-Making.” June–December School of Economics and Political Sergo Anastasovich Mikoyan, 1986. Science, England. “Soviet Policy Editor in Chief, Latinskaia toward Dissent since 1953: How Is Amerika, USSR Academy of Vladimir O. Pechatnov, former It Formed, Implemented, and Sciences, Moscow. “Regional Counselor, Embassy of the Russian Changed?” September Conflict and Its Influence in Federation in the United States, 1983–August 1984. Soviet-American Relations.” and Washington Representative, September 1990–June 1991. Institute of the USA and Canada. Walter Reich, Senior Research “Special Envoy to the Kremlin: W. Psychiatrist, National Institute of James Millar, Professor of Averell Harriman and American- Mental Health, Rockville, Maryland. Economics and Director of Soviet Relations.” November “The Case of Soviet Psychiatry: A International Programs and Studies, 1994– August 1995. Study in Moral Judgment.” University of Illinois, Urbana- October 1982–July 1983. Champaign. “The Changing Soviet Nina Perlina, Assistant Professor Citizen: A Study Based on the of Russian, Rutgers University. Nicholas V. Riasanovsky, Soviet Interview Project.” “Competition between Professor of History, University of September 1988–May 1989. Monologue and Dialogue in the California, Berkeley. “The Humanities One Decade before Emergence of Romanticism.” Boris Nikolaevich Mironov, and after the Bolshevik September 1989–May 1990. Professor of History, Institute of Revolution.” September Russian History, Russian Academy 1986–July 1987. Alfred J. Rieber, Professor of of Sciences, Moscow. History, University of Pennsylvania. “Urbanization in Russia, Walter M. Pintner, Professor of “The Politics of Reform in Imperial 1861–1914: A Cross-Cultural History, Cornell University. “The Russia, 1855–1881.” July Interpretation.” September Impact of the Russian Army on 1992–April 1993. 1992–September 1993. Russian Society, 1700–1860.” August 1977–July 1978. T. Harry Rigby, Professor of Charles A. Moser, Professor of Political Science, Australian Russian, George Washington Philip Pomper, Professor of National University. University. “A Study of the History, Wesleyan University. “The “Revolutionary Absolutism: The Eighteenth-Century Russian Writer Intelligentsia and Power: Lenin, Mono-Organizational Society and Denis Fonvizin.” September Trotsky, and Stalin from the New Era.” April–July 1983. 1977–January 1978. 1917–1927.” March–August 1988. Michael Scammell, freelance Anatoly Genrikhovich Naiman, Mark Popovsky, writer, New York writer, Woking, England. “The independent writer, and Member, City. “The Peasant Disciples of Russian Artistic Emigration, Moscow Union of Writers. “The Leo Tolstoy in the USSR.” 1965–1985.” August–December History of Russia, 1914–1941, as January–May 1980. 1985. Seen in the Fates of Its Poets.” September 1993–June 1994. Samuel C. Ramer, Assistant James P. Scanlan, Professor of Professor of History, Tulane Philosophy, Ohio State University. Andrus Park, Professor of University. “Paramedical “Marxism in the USSR: A Critical Philosophy, Presidium Member, Personnel and Public Health in Survey of Current Soviet and Acting General Scientific Rural Russia, 1846–1934.” Philosophy.” April–September Secretary, Estonian Academy of July–December 1979. 1982. Sciences, Tallinn. “Glasnost’, Trust, and International Security.” David L. Ransel, Professor of Jutta Scherrer, Assistant September 1990–August 1991. History and Women’s Studies, Professor of Russian History, Indiana University. “The Conquest University of Paris VIII, France. Bruce B. Parrott, Director of of Infant Mortality in Russia and “Left Bolshevism as an Alternative Soviet Studies, School of the USSR: A Comparative Study.” to Leninism.” June–October 1979. Advanced International Studies, September 1989–March 1990. 45

30 YEAR REPORT | SCHOLARS of Transformation.” September Borderlands of the Russian Empire, 1994–June 1995. 1762–1863.” March–June 1980.

Frank R. Silbajoris, Professor of Judith Thornton, Professor of Slavic and East European Economics, University of Languages and Literatures, Ohio Washington. “Decision-Making University. “Tolstoy’s Aesthetics and Technological Choice in and His Art.” Soviet Electric Power.” September September–December 1984. 1985–July 1986.

Peter H. Solomon, Jr., Associate Larissa G. Titarenko, Professor, Professor of Political Economy, Department of Sociology, Belarus University of Toronto. “The State University. “Post-Soviet Politics of Soviet Penal Policy, Youth—Engagement and 1925–1932.” April–May 1978. Integration into Civil Society: Belarus and Beyond.” September Richard Stites, Associate 1998–May 1999. Nerchinsk. House and store, Soviet Street 12. (Photo: Professor of History, Georgetown William Brumfield) University. “Utopia and David Tolmazin, Associate Experiment in the Russian Professor, Marine Sciences Ilya Serman, Professor of Russian Revolution, 1917–1932.” Institute, University of Literature, Hebrew University of September 1980–August 1981. Connecticut. “Economic Impact of Jerusalem. “A New Russian Soviet Water Management Literature: Its Emergence and Michael S. Swafford, Assistant Policies on the Riverine-Estuarine European Context in the Late Professor of Sociology and Environment of the USSR.” Seventeenth through Eighteenth Anthropology, Vanderbilt September 1986–August 1987. Centuries.” September University. “Social Determinants 1980–August 1981. of Educational Attainment in the Jan F. Triska, Professor of USSR.” March–May 1977. Political Science, Stanford Nazif M. Shahrani, Professor, University. “The Soviet Union and Department of Anthropology, Tadeusz Swietochowski, East Europe in the World of the Indiana University. “Family Lives Associate Professor of History, Eighties.” September and Public Careers in Soviet and Monmouth College. “Russian 1980–February 1981. Post-Soviet Uzbekistan: Dynamics Azerbaijan, 1905–1920: The of a Muslim Tradition in a Political Emergence of a Nation.” Aleksandr Sergeevich Tsipko, Culture of ‘Scientific Atheism.’” September 1980–May 1981. Senior Expert, Institute of September 1997–May 1998. International Economic and William C. Taubman, Betrand Political Studies, Russian Academy Teodor Shanin, Professor of Snell Professor of Political of Sciences, Moscow. “Soviet Sociology and Department Head, Science, Amherst College. Russia’s Decommunization: Ways University of Manchester, “Khrushchev: A Biography.” and Prerequisites.” September England. “The Stolypin Reforms in January–June, 1995–June 1996. Russia as the Archetype of Rural September–December 2000. Transformation Strategies in Robert C. Tucker, Director, Contemporary Developing Russian Studies Program, Societies.” December Victor Terras, Professor of Slavic Princeton University. “Stalin: A 1983–August 1984. Languages and Comparative Literature, Brown University. “A Study in History and Personality.” History of Russian Literature.” September 1983–February 1984. Lilia Fëdorovna Shevtsova, September 1988–May 1989. Deputy Director, Institute for Maya Turovskaya, Professor, Film International Economic and Institute (VNIIK), Institute of Political Studies; and Director, Edward C. Thaden, Professor of Culture, Moscow. “American and Center for Political Studies, History, University of Illinois, Soviet Film of the 1930s and Moscow. “Post-Communist Chicago Circle. “Diversity and 1940s: A Study in Comparative 46 Russia: Pitfalls and Vicious Circles Convergence in the Western

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER Mythology.” October Germany. “An Analytical Cultural Influence.” March–August 1994–September 1995. Description of the Soviet Rural 1985. Population, 1956–1978.” Istvan Vasary, Associate Professor October–December 1978. Robert C. Williams, Professor of of Turkic Studies, University of History, Washington University. Budapest. “The Tatar Heritage: Gerhard Wettig, Deputy Head of “Russian-American Cultural Tatar Policy and Oriental Foreign Policy Research, Federal Relations, 1900–1933.” July Elements in Russian Autocracy, Institute for Eastern and 1976–July 1977. 1480–1696.” November International Affairs, Cologne, 1988–August 1989. Federal Republic of Germany. Dean S. Worth, Professor of “Security, Diplomacy, and Slavic Languages, University of Tomas A. Venclova, Lecturer, Propaganda in Soviet Foreign California, Los Angeles. “A Department of Slavic Languages Policy: The Euromissile Sociolinguistic History of Literary and Literatures, Yale University. Controversy.” January–April 1985. Russian.” September 1978–July “Lithuanian Culture, 1945–1975: 1979. Standardization versus Allan Wildman, Professor of Nonconformity.” June–September History, Ohio State University. Viktor Aronovich Yuzefovich, 1981. “The End of the Russian Imperial Department Chief, Sovietskaia Army.” June–September 1982. muzyka, Moscow. “The Life and Vladimir Nikolaevich Voinovich, Creative Activity of Serge writer, Stockdorf, West Germany. Peter Wiles, Professor Emeritus of Koussevitsky.” October “The Life and Extraordinary Russian Social and Economic 1991–October 1992. Adventures of Private Chonkin, Studies, University of London. Part III: A Novel.” September “Soviet Military Finance.” Igor A. Zevelev, Head Research 1989–August 1990. October 1987–March 1988. Associate, Institute of World Economy and International Karl-Eugen Wädekin, Professor of Edward V. Williams, Director, Relations, Moscow. “Russia and East European and International Division of Music History, the Russian Diasporas: The Road Agrarian Policies, University of University of Kansas. “The Bells of to Domination in Eurasia?” Giessen, Federal Republic of Russia: Liturgical Practice and September 1996–May 1997.

Galina Starovoitova Fellows on Human Rights and Conflict Resolution

Sergei Baburkin, Professor, Problems of Human Rights: A Case Governmental Organizations and Department of History, Yaroslavl’ Study of Tajik Immigrants in Their Relation to Authorities.” State Pedagogical University. Russia.” October 2004–April 2005. September 2001–June 2002. “U.S. and Russia’s Military Security after the Cold War: The Search for Anatoly Krasikov, Director, Aleksandr Osipov, Program Strategy and Public Debate.” Center of Social and Religious Coordinator, Human Rights March–August 2000. Studies, Institute of Europe, Center “Memorial,” Moscow. Russian Academy of Sciences, “Prevention and Elimination of Zaindi Choltaev, Coordinating Moscow. “Religious Freedom as a Racial Discrimination: Can Council Member, Peace Mission in Condition for Revival of Russia in Western Experience Be Exported the Northern Caucasus. “Concepts the 21st Century.” December to Russia?” April–July 2004. of Peaceful Reconstruction for the 2003–April 2004. Chechen Republic: Analysis and Grigorii Pasko, Editor-in-Chief, Practical Proposals.”September Aleksandr Nikitin, Member, Environment and Human Rights 2002–June 2003. Advisory Council of the Journal. “Role of Defending Environment and Human Rights Lawyer in a Criminal Case Related Davlat Khudonazarov, President, Coalition, and Researcher, Bellona to State Secrets.” October “FOCUS” Humanitarian Environmental Human Rights 2004–April 2005. Foundation, Moscow. “The Center, St. Petersburg. “Non- 47

30 YEAR REPORT | SCHOLARS Ivan Pavlov, Director, Bellona Emil Payin, Director, Center for William Smirnov, Professor and Environmental Human Rights Ethnopolitical and Regional Chair, Department of Political Center, St. Petersburg. Studies, INDEM Foundation, Science, Institute of State and “Comparative Military Justice Moscow. “Russia’s Policy in the Law, Russian Academy of Systems: U.S. and Russia.” Conflict Areas in the Territory of Sciences, Moscow. “Political September–December 2003. the NIS: Typological Specifics, Rights in the 21st Century.” Development Forecast, and October 2001–July 2002. Humanization Opportunities.” September 2000–June 2001.

Senior Scholar

Murray Feshbach, Research Professor Emeritus, Georgetown University. “Policy Implications of Population, Health, and Environment Trends in Russia.” October 2000–September 2006.

Senior Policy Scholar

William Green Miller, former U.S. Ambassador to Ukraine. “Creation of a Relationship between Ukraine Nerchinsk. Merchants Court. (Photo: William Brumfield) and the U.S.” January 2000–December 2005.

Public Policy Scholars

Anatolii L. Adamishin, Minister, Democracy after Ten Years of William Hill, former Head of Russian Federation Ministry for Reforms and One Year of Mission, OSCE, Moldova. CIS Countries’ Cooperation, and Communist Governance.” “European Security Institutions former Ambassador of the Russian June–August 2002. Since the Cold War: The Changing Federation to the United Roles of NATO and OSCE.” Kingdom. “Human Rights in the Boris Firsov, Rector, European October 2001–June 2002. Soviet Union: Changes in Foreign University, St. Petersburg. “The and Domestic Policy.” Mental Worlds of Contemporary Vladimir Iakimets, Senior September–November 1999. Russian Population.” Researcher, Institute for Systems January–April 2003. Analysis, Russian Academy of Andreas Andrianopolis, former Sciences, Moscow. “Methodology, Cabinet and Parliament Member, William Gleason, former Director, Approaches, and Practical Tools Greece. “Russian Oil Interests at Fulbright Program, Ukraine, and for Efficient Interaction and Stake: Behind the Latest Cyprus Professor of History, National Cooperation of Russian NGOs Controversy.” University of Kyiv-Mohyla with Governmental Organizations September–November 1998. Academy. “Education and and Business for Sustainable Democracy in Ukraine: The Critical Environmental Development.” Ceslav Ciobanu, former Dimension.” August March–May 1999. Moldovan Ambassador to the 2000–January 2001 and United States, Canada, and May–August 2001. Jan Kalicki, former Counselor to 48 Mexico. “Moldova’s Prospects for the Commerce Department and

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER the White House Ombudsman for World of the Post-Soviet Reality.” Dmytro Tkach, Vice-President, Energy and Commercial Relations April–August 2004. Interregional Academy of with the Newly Independent Personnel Management, Kyiv, and States. “Policy Issues and William Green Miller, former U.S. former Ambassador of Ukraine to Opportunities in Russia and the Ambassador to Ukraine. “Creation Hungary. “The Policies of the New Independent States.” of a Relationship between Ukraine United States of America Related February–July 2001. and the U.S.” September to Promoting Stability and 1998–December 1999. Security in Central and Eastern Anatoly Krasikov, Head, Center Europe.” October–December 2002. for Religious and Social Sciences, John W. Parker, Deputy Director, Institute of Europe, Russian Office for Russia and Eurasian Academy of Sciences, Moscow. Analysis, U.S. Department of John Vafai, Attorney at Law, John “The Religious Factor in Internal State. “Russia—Iran—Tajikistan.” Vafai & Associates. “Public and International Politics.” October 1999–September 2000. Corruption in Russia—Structural January–March 2000. Defects and Institutional Weaknesses.” March–October Stanislav Shushkevich, former 2003. Natalia Lakiza-Sachuk, Speaker of the Belarusian Professor, National Institute for Parliament. “Belarus: Perspectives Strategic Studies, Kyiv. “U.S. of Reform.” December John Williams, Acting Division Technical Assistance to 1999–March 2000. Chief, Russia Division, Office of Ukraine—The Role of Russia and Eurasian Analysis, International Advisors and Bureau of Intelligence and Vladimir Solonari, former Consultants.” November 2003- Research, U.S. Department of Member of Parliament of March 2004. State. “Exceptional Intelligence Moldova. “The Post-Communist Analysis Program.” October State and the Shaping of National 2001–September 2002. Anatoly Mikhailov, Rector, Identity: Educational Politics in the European Humanities University, Republic of Moldova.” Minsk. “The Structure of the Life- April–December 2001.

Guest Scholars

Edward Allworth, Professor of Nina Berberova, Professor Abraham Brumberg, Office of Middle East Languages and Emeritus of Russian Literature, External Research, U.S. Cultures, Columbia University. Princeton University. “Russian Department of State. “Aspects of “Progress toward Ethnic Group Freemasonry of the Twentieth Contemporary Russian Maturity under Soviet Century, 1906–1970.” March 1984. Nationalism.” March–July 1979. Conditions: A Cultural History of the Modern Uzbeks.” October Patricia Blake, Associate Editor, Fëdor Mikhailovich Burlatskii, 1981. Time. “André Malraux and Political Columnist, Literaturnaia Russian Writers.” February 1984. gazeta; and Chairman, Boris Anan’ich, Academician, Department of Political Philosophy, Institute of History, Russian Nikolai Nikolaevich Bolkhovitinov, Institute for Social Research, Academy of Sciences, St. Senior Scientific Researcher, Academy of Social Sciences, CPSU Petersburg. “A Political Biography Institute of General History, USSR Central Committee. “Khrushchev of Sergei Witte.” June–August Academy of Sciences, Moscow. and Kennedy: Mutual Perceptions 1997. “The Impact of the American and Misunderstandings.” Revolution Abroad.” May 1975. August–September 1988. Inge Auerbach, Archivist, Hesse Member, USSR Congress of People’s Deputies, Moscow; and State Archives, Marburg, Federal Henry S. Bradsher, President, Human Rights Republic of Germany. “Biography Correspondent, Washington Star. Committee, USSR Congress of of Andrej Mikhailovich Kurbskii.” “A Study of the Soviet Decision to People’s Deputies. “August 1991: December 1979–February 1980. Intervene Militarily in Afghanistan.” The Failed Coup.” September 1980–March 1981. 49

30 YEAR REPORT | SCHOLARS October–November 1991. Academy of Urban Environment, Davlat Khudonazarov, Chair, Professor and President, Council of and Professor, Moscow Confederation of Political Science, Presidium of the Architectural Institute. “Cultural Cinematographers of the Former Russian Academy of Sciences, Foundations for the Urban USSR, Moscow. “The Origins of Moscow. “Changing Russian Environmental Development.” Civil War in Tajikistan and Their Public Opinion about the United July–August 1997. Policy Implications.” October States after the Cold War.” June 1993–August 1994. 1997. Salahaddin Hashim, Diplomat, Sudan. “The Intellectual and Igor Klyamkin, Head, Analytical Robert F. Byrnes, Distinguished Revolutionary Movement in Tsarist Center, Public Opinion Professor of History, Indiana Russia: The Background of Foundation, Moscow. “Post- University. “The Work of V. O. Bolshevik Communism and Soviet Soviet Man.” August–September Kliuchevskii.” June–July 1985. Power.” July–November 1979. 1996.

Jan Chowaniec, economist, Hans-Herman Höhmann, Olga Kryshtanovskaya, Head, Washington, D.C. “Realities and Research Associate, Federal Department of Elite Studies, Dilemmas in Polish-Soviet Institute of East European Studies, Institute of Sociology, Russian Economic Relations: What Lies Cologne, Federal Republic of Academy of Sciences, and Ahead?” April–June 1984. Germany. “Driving Forces and Director, Institute of Policy Limitations of Economic Reforms Studies, Moscow. “Russian Francis René Conte, Director, in the USSR.” December Regional Elites.” March 1998. Institut d’Études Slaves, Université 1979–January 1980. de Bordeaux III, France. “Russia’s Yurii Stepanovich Kukushkin, Pagan Heritage.” July–August Robert Huber, Vice President, Dean, Faculty of History, Moscow 1986. International Research and State University. “The History of Exchanges Board, Washington, Local Organs of Soviet Power.” Richard T. Davies, former U.S. D.C. “Is the Russian Duma a Real February 1978. Ambassador to Poland. “Human Parliament?” March–April 1997. Rights and U.S. Policy toward the Ernst Kux, Foreign Editor for USSR and Eastern Europe.” March John M. Joyce, Deputy for Policy, Communist Affairs, Neue Zürcher 1978–March 1979. Bureau of European Affairs, U.S. Zeitung, Zurich. “Gorbachev’s Department of State. “The Revolutionary Changes.” Anatolii Fedorovich Dobrynin, Structure of Russian Society.” October–November 1985. Counselor to the Foreign Ministry June–December 1992. of the Russian Federation, Herbert Marshall, Professor Moscow. “U.S.-Soviet Relations Valerii Georgievich Kalenskii, Emeritus, Southern Illinois during the Cold War.” independent scholar, Moscow. University, Carbondale. “The January–July 1994 and “Boris Chicherin: Russian Political Influence of D.W. Griffith on S. M. March–April 1995. Scientist and Philosopher of Eisenstein.” July–August 1980. Right.” June–August 1986. Dusko Doder, Staff Writer, The David Nalle, former Deputy Washington Post. “Contemporary Edward Keenan, Professor of Associate Director for Education Society and Culture in Russian History, Harvard and Cultural Affairs, U.S. Yugoslavia.” March–July 1977. University. “The Character of Ivan International Communications the Terrible: A Biography.” Agency. “The Study of Central John Evans, Deputy Director, November–December 1987. Asia in the United States.” Office of Soviet Affairs, Cox March–May 1981. Foundation Fellow, U.S. State Kenneth Kerst, Director, Office of Department. “The ‘Ottomanization’ Research and Analysis for the Gur Ofer, Associate Professor of of the Soviet Empire.” September Soviet Union and Eastern Europe, Economics and Russian Studies, 1989–March 1990. U.S. Department of State. Hebrew University of Jerusalem. “Leningrad Party Politics from “The Economics of the Soviet Vyacheslav Leonidovich Kirov to the Death of Stalin.” Urban Household in the 1970s.” 50 Glazychev, President of the October 1975–October 1976. October–December 1983.

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER Bulat Okudzhava, poet and nov- Nineteenth Century.” elist, Moscow. “Russian September–October 1975. Participation in the American Civil War.” May 1987. Peter Scheibert, Professor of History, Marburg University, Aleksandr Ivanovich Ovcharenko, Federal Republic of Germany. “A Department Head, Gorky Institute Social History of the Russian of World Literature, USSR Academy Revolution, 1918–1922.” of Sciences, Moscow. “The Study August–October 1976. and Teaching of Soviet Literature in U.S. Universities, 1967–1977.” Morton Schwartz, Senior November 1978–January 1979. Intelligence Research Specialist, Office of Research and Analysis of Posolsk (Buriatiia). Transfiguration Church, Vladimir Paperny, freelance the Soviet Union and Eastern Monastery of the Transfiguration. (Photo: researcher, Anaheim, California. Europe, Bureau of Intelligence William Brumfield) “‘Culture One’ and ‘Culture Two:’ and Research, U.S. Department of Patterns in the History of Soviet State. “New Thinking and Soviet Society; Their Interaction and the Foreign Policy: Sources, Policy Nobuo Shimotomai, Professor of Manifestation of This Process in Significance, and Future Law, Hosei University, Tokyo. Architecture.” June–August 1984. Directions.” September “Political Reforms in the USSR, 1991–August 1992. 1987–1991.” June–August 1993. Mark G. Pomar, Executive Director, Board for International Amnon Sella, Professor of Atanas Slavov, former Executive Broadcasting, Washington, D.C. International Relations, The Secretary, Institute of Fine Arts, “Building Civil Society in Russia: Hebrew University of Jerusalem. Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, The Life of Anatolii Konii.” August “Transition and Stability: The Sofia. “The Politics of Bulgarian 1993–May 1994. Linkage between Russian Culture since 1952 and Soviet Domestic Politics and Stability in Cultural Policy in Eastern Europe.” June–September 1979. Peter C. Pozefsky, Assistant its International Environment.” Professor of History, College of March–September 1995. Wooster. “The Nihilistic Vladimir Alekseevich Soloukhin, Imagination: Dmitrii Pisarev and Hugh Seton-Watson, Professor writer, Moscow. “Historic the Cultural Origins of Russian Emeritus of Russian History, Preservation in the USSR and the Radicalism.” June–July 1997. University of London. “The Theory United States.” December 1979. and Practice of Soviet T. Harry Rigby, Professor of Nationalities Policy.” October Galina Vasil’evna Starovoitova, Political Science, Australian 1984. Scientific Researcher, Institute of National University. “Cliques and Ethnography, USSR Academy of Patronage in Soviet Politics.” Mikhail Filippovich Shatrov, play- Sciences, and Deputy from February 1978. wright, Co-Secretary of the Armenia, USSR Congress of Commonwealth of Writers, and Peoples’ Deputies, Moscow. “Ethnicity and Soviet Cities.” Gábor Tamás Rittersporn, Consultant to Mikhail Gorbachev November–December 1989. Senior Research Fellow, Centre of the Gorbachev Foundation, National de la Récherche Moscow. “Renunciation: The Scientifique, Paris. “The Political Totalitarian Degeneration of the Olzhas Suleimenov, Chairman, Implications of Russia’s October Revolution, 1917–1929.” Kazakhstan Union of Writers, Alma Modernization since the 1930s.” January–April 1993. Ata; President, Nevada- October 1985. Semipalatinsk and Morurora Anti- Denis J. B. Shaw, Lecturer in Nuclear Movement; and former Deputy, USSR Supreme Soviet. “A Hans Rogger, Professor, Geography, University of New Etymology of Sumerian.” University of California, Los Birmingham, England. “An July–August 1992. Angeles. “A Study of Russian Examination of the Mechanism of Perceptions of American Society, Land Use Planning in the Soviet Politics, and Culture in the Late Union.” October 1980. Timur Timofeevich Timofeev, Director, Institute of International 51

30 YEAR REPORT | SCHOLARS Labor Movements, Moscow. Oleg Aleksandrovich American Poetry.” “International Social and Political Troyanovskii, Advisor to the October–December 1977. Change since World War II: The Russian Ministry of Foreign Affairs; Role of Labor Movements.” and Former Soviet Ambassador to Dean S. Worth, Professor of November–December 1984. the United Nations, Japan, and Slavic Languages, University of China. “The Politics of the Cold California, Los Angeles. “Russian Aleksandr Sergeevich War: An Ambassador’s View.” Linguistic Controversies of the Timoshenko, Senior Scientific October 1992–March 1993. Early Nineteenth Century.” Worker, Institute of State and Law, December 1983. Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Heinrich Vogel, Director, Federal Moscow. “Legal Aspects of U.S. Institute for East-West and Vitalii Vladimirovich Zhurkin, Participation in International International Relations, Cologne, Deputy Director, Institute of USA Environmental Cooperation.” Federal Republic of Germany. and Canada, USSR Academy of December 1981–February 1982. “Cooperation with East-Central Sciences, Moscow. “Methods of Europe: Economic and Political Analysis of Foreign Relations and Maria Troyanovskaya, Senior Options for the West.” the Latest Research of U.S. Research Fellow, Department of February–March 1982. Scholars in the Theory of Modern History, Moscow State International Relations and University. “John Quincy Adams Andrei Andreevich Voznesenskii, Foreign Policy.” March 1972. and the Genesis of Russian- poet and writer, Moscow. American Relations.” “Comparative Study of June–August 1997. Contemporary Soviet and

Research Scholars

Daniel Aleksandrovich Czechoslovak Economic Relations.” Anders Åslund, First Secretary, Aleksandrov, Scientific August 1985–March 1986. Swedish Embassy to the USSR. Researcher, Institute of the History “Soviet Attempts at Economic of Science and Technology, St. Anthony Alfred Anemone, Reform from Andropov to Petersburg Branch, Russian Assistant Professor of Russian, Gorbachev, 1983–1987.” Academy of Sciences. “Splendid Colby College. “Carnival and September 1987–April 1988. Isolation: How and When Did Grotesque Realism in the Satiric Soviet Science Become Cut Off Novels of Konstantin Vaginov.” F. Odun Balogun, Associate from Its International Context.” July–December 1989. Professor of English and January–June 1993. Literature, University of Benin, Evgenii Viktorovich Anisimov, Nigeria. “African and Russian Ludmila Alexeeva, freelance jour- Senior Researcher, Institute of Literatures.” October 1986–June nalist, Burke, Virginia. “Soviet History of the USSR, USSR 1987, September 1987. Dissent in the 1980s.” May Academy of Sciences, St. 1987–January 1988. Petersburg. “Imperial Harley D. Balzer, Visiting Consciousness in Russia: Assistant Professor of History, Mikhail A. Alexseev, Postdoctoral Stereotypes, Politics, and Relapse Georgetown University. “A Social Research Fellow, Henry M. in Anglo-American Science and History of Engineers and Jackson School of International Political Literature.” October Engineering Culture in Russia and Studies, University of Washington. 1990–June 1991. the USSR, 1880–1980.” “Predicting Conflict in the Former June–September 1985. Soviet Union and Eastern Hilary Appel, Assistant Professor, Europe.” June–December 1997. Political Science Department, Marjorie Mandelstam Balzer, Claremont McKenna College. Research Fellow, W. Averell Franz-Lothar Altmann, Senior “Privatization and the Post- Harriman Institute for Advanced Researcher, Osteuropa-Institut, Communist Tradition.” July Study of the Soviet Union, Munich. “Changing Patterns of 1999–March 2000. Columbia University. “Survival and 52 Dependence and Advantages in Demise: Models of Siberian

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER Ethnicity.” September 1986–April Stalinization and its Conflicts: 1987. Social and Cultural Change in Moscow’s Arbat District, Aleksei Georgievich Barabashev, 1953–68.” October 2000–June Professor, Philosophy of Natural 2001. Sciences, Department Vice- Chairman, Moscow State Sergei Nikolaevich Bobylëv, University. “Comparative Analysis Professor of Economics, Moscow What a blessing to be in a place of Contemporary Philosophy of State University; and Research where you don’t get under anyone’s Science in the USSR and USA.” Fellow, Institute of Economics, September 1990–February 1991. Russian Academy of Sciences, skin and no one interferes with you; Moscow. “Agriculture in the USSR: how pleasant to spend a year in the Mark Bassin, Assistant Professor In Search of a Way Out of the of Geography, University of Deadlock.” September company of affable, intelligent peo- Wisconsin, Madison. “Nineteenth- 1991–February 1992. Century Roots of Modern Russian “ple, people who are interested in Perceptions of Siberia.” Pilar Bonet, Moscow what you are up to but never nosy, July–December 1988. Correspondent, El Pais, Madrid. “The Russian Factor in the and who are accustomed to a cos- Democratization of the USSR: A Pinar E. Batur-Vander Lippe, mopolitan atmosphere and to names Assistant Professor, Department of Study of New Political Institutions Sociology, Vassar College. “The in Russia.” November 1991–July that sound peculiar to the locals. Bridge between Asia Minor and 1992. Central Asia: Muslim Turkic Intellectuals and the Discourse on Boris Briker, Assistant Professor Vassily Aksyonov, Sovereignty and Identity.” of Slavic and Eastern European In Search of Melancholy Baby May–August 1996. Languages and Literatures, (New York: Random House, Inc., 1985) Rutgers University. “The Literary Iurii Baturin, Senior Researcher, History of the Communal Institute of State and Law, USSR Apartment.” June–August 1992. Academy of Sciences, Moscow. Choi Chatterjee, Assistant “The USSR and International Vladimir N. Brovkin, Assistant Professor of History, California Unification of Computer Law.” Professor of Government, Oberlin State University, Los Angeles. October 1989–February 1990. College. “Political Parties and “International Women’s Day in the Social Movements in the Russian Soviet Union, 1909–1939.” Darko Bekic, former Senior Civil War.” September April–June 1995. Researcher, Institute for 1989–February 1990. Developing Countries, University Chris Chulos, Lecturer and of Zagreb. “Soviet Policy toward William Craft Brumfield, Researcher, Department of the Balkans.” May 1985–March Associate Professor of Slavic History, University of Helsinki. 1986. Languages, Tulane University. “History and Memory in Russian “Russian Architecture in Provincial Life.” October Frances L. Bernstein, Transition, 1880–1917: Function 2000–January 2001, April–July Postdoctoral Fellow, Department and Iconography.” 2001. of the History of Science, January–September 1989. Medicine, and Technology, Johns Han-ku Chung, Researcher, Seoul. Hopkins University. “Gender and Eva T. Busza, Assistant Professor, “The Baikal-Amur Mainline: the Politics of Public Health in the Department of Government, Coalition Politics and Development Soviet Union.” September College of William and Mary. Policy under Brezhnev.” 1998–February 1999. “Post-Communist Soldiers and March–September 1986. States: Institutional Creation and Stephen Bittner, Assistant Change in a Democratizing Nancy Condee, Assistant Professor, Department of History, World.” January–June 1999. Professor of Russian and Lafayette College. “De- Department Chair, Wheaton 53

30 YEAR REPORT | SCHOLARS College. “Soviet Literature and Michael David-Fox, Postdoctoral John B. Dunlop, Associate Literary Politics in the 1980s.” Fellow, Harriman Institute, Director and Senior Fellow, January–August 1988. Columbia University. “Toward a Hoover Institution on War, Reevaluation of NEP in Cultural Revolution, and Peace, Stanford Clementine G. K. Creuziger, and Intellectual Affairs.” June University. “Soviet Film of the Assistant Professor, Department of 1994–February 1995. Post-Stalin Period.” April–June Language Studies, U.S. Naval 1987. Academy. “Orphans of Modern Alexander Diener, Assistant Russia.” June–August 1996, Professor, Center for International Stephen P. Frank, Assistant June–August 1997. Studies and Languages, Professor of History, University of Pepperdine University. “One California, Riverside. “The Robert Crews, Assistant Homeland or Two?: Diaspora, Transformation of Popular Culture Professor, Department of History, Territorialization, and Identity in in Nineteenth-Century Rural American University. “A Faith for Kazakhstan.” October 2003–June Russia, 1856–1914.” the Tsar: Islam, Community, and 2004. September–December 1991. the State in Imperial Russia.” August 2002–January 2003. Natalia P. Dinello, Adjunct Cathy A. Frierson, Assistant Lecturer, Center for Russian and Professor of History, Rutgers Stephen F. Crowley, Assistant East European Studies, University University. “Fire and Arson in the Professor, Department of Politics, of Pittsburgh. “Russian Financial Russian Countryside, 1861–1907.” Oberlin College. “Workers’ Empires and Their Masterminds.” June–August 1991. Response to Political and May–October 1997. Economic Transformation from Marc E. Garcelon, Postdoctoral Communism.” May–August 1997. Nodar Djin, independent Fellow, Department of Sociology, researcher, Washington, D.C. University of California, Berkeley. “Aesthetic Education in the “Democrats and Apparatchiks: USSR.” September 1988–June The Democratic Russia Movement 1989. and the Rebellion of Specialists and Professionals in Moscow, Michael S. Dobbs, Moscow 1989–1991.” January–May, Bureau Chief, Washington Post. September–December 1995. I wish to express my sincere appre- “The Collapse of Communism.” September 1993–June 1994. Robert P. Geraci, Ph.D. recipient, ciation to the Kennan Institute for the Department of History, University of California, Berkeley. “Window wonderful possibility and environ- Richard B. Dobson, Social Science Analyst, Soviet/East on the East: Ethnography, ment provided to fulfill my project. I European Branch, Office of Orthodoxy, and Russian Research, U.S. Information Nationality in Kazan, 1870–1914.” enjoyed the possibility of studying Agency. “Education and January–August 1995. “wide-ranging literature on my chosen Opportunity in the USSR.” August 1987–January 1988. Alexander Gershkovich, Fellow, topic from the Library of Congress, as Russian Research Center, Harvard University. “Alternative Art in the well as discussing relevant issues with Elena Dryzhakova, Visiting Lecturer in Russian, Southern USSR from the 1970s to the prominent specialists. Illinois University. “Aleksandr 1980s.” April–September 1986. Herzen in the West.” May–July 1986. Gregory W. Gleason, former Iurii Baturin Postdoctoral Assistant, February 1990 Nora C. Dudwick, Research Department of Political Science, Associate, Center for Russian and University of California, Davis. East European Studies, University “The Politics of Agricultural of Pennsylvania. “Memory, Administration in Soviet Central Identity, and Politics in Armenia.” Asia.” April–September 1985. 54 January–November 1994.

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER Darra Goldstein, Assistant Apartment: A Social and Cultural Larry E. Holmes, Professor of Professor of Russian, Williams History of Housing in the Soviet History, University of South College. “The Poetry of Nikolai Union, 1950s–1960s.” October Alabama. “School Policy and Zabolotsky.” July–December 2003–June 2004. Practice in Soviet Russia, 1986. 1917–1932.” September– Hope M. Harrison, Assistant December 1986. Helena I. Goscilo, Associate Professor, Department of Professor of Slavic Languages, Government and Law, Lafayette Peter I. Holquist, Assistant Literatures, and Cultures, College. “Soviet-East German Professor, Department of History, University of Pittsburgh. “Heritage Relations and the Path towards Cornell University. “A Russian and Heresy: Contemporary Fiction the Building of the Berlin Wall.” Vendee: Practices of Governance by Russian Women.” October July–December 1998. in the Don Countryside, 1989–March 1990. 1917–1921.” September Timothy Heleniak, Economist, 1995–May 1996. Andrea Graziosi, Researcher, World Bank, and Adjunct Professor, Department of History and Theory Georgetown University. “The Brian J. Horowitz, Assistant of Public Economy, Faculta di Demographics of Transition: Professor, Department of Modern Economia, Universita di Napoli. Fertility, Mortality, and Migration in Languages, University of “G.L. P’iatakov and the Birth of the Transition States of Europe and Nebraska. “Assimilated Jews in the Soviet Administrative Asia.” September 2001–June 2002. the Russian Intellectual Elite, Industrial System, 1917–1937.” 1890–1920.” June–August, October 1990–February 1991. Joel S. Hellman, Assistant December 1993, and Professor, Department of June–August 1994. Paul Hagenloh, Assistant Government, Harvard University. Professor, Department of History, “Competitive Advantage: Political Pavel Ilyin, independent scholar, University of Alabama. “Police, Competition and Economic Lynn, Massachusetts. “Spatial Crime, and Public Order in Stalin’s Reform in Post-Communist Variations of Soviet Russia.” August 2004–May 2005. Transitions.” September– Urbanizations.” March–November November 1996. 1989. Mehrdad Haghayeghi, Assistant Professor of Political Science, Kathryn Hendley, Assistant Austin L. Jersild, Assistant Southwest Missouri State Professor, School of Law and Professor, Department of History, University. “Islamization and Department of Political Science, Old Dominion University. “From Political Development in Central University of Wisconsin, Madison. Frontier to Empire: The Asia.” September 1994–May “Coping with Chaos: Enterprise Russification of the Caucasus, 1995. Adjustment in Russia.” August 1845–1917.” May–August 1997. 1995–January 1996. Stephen E. Hanson, Assistant Kari Johnstone, Ph.D. recipient, Professor, Department of Political Julie M. Hessler, Assistant Political Science Department, Science, University of Washington. Professor, Department of History, University of California, Berkeley. “Ideology, Pragmatism, and Party University of Oregon. “Soviet “International Influence on Ethnic Formation in Post-Soviet Russia.” Trade, Distribution, and Exchange Minority Policy in Post-Communist October 1996–May 1997. in the 1920s: The Evolution of a Ukraine and Slovakia.” October Functional Economy.” 2001–June 2002. James R. Harris, Ph.D. recipient, September–December 1997. Department of History, University Robert J. Kaiser, Visiting of Chicago. “Regionalism in David L. Hoffmann, Assistant Assistant Professor, Department of Russia from Planned to Market Professor, Department of History, Geography, Dartmouth College, Economy: The Urals Republic, Ohio State University. “The Search New Hampshire. “National 1945–1995.” January–August for Order in Stalinist Society: Territoriality in the Soviet Union.” 1996. Definitions of Morality and September 1989–May 1990. Respectability, 1929–1941.” Steven Harris, independent January–June 1997. Mark N. Katz, former Rockefeller scholar. “Moving to the Separate Foundation International Relations 55

30 YEAR REPORT | SCHOLARS Lars T. Lih, Assistant Professor, Political Science Department, Wellesley College. “Rhetorical Approach: Theory and Application to Soviet Politics.” May–September 1990.

Ronald Linden, Associate Professor of Political Science, University of Pittsburgh. “Romanian-Soviet Relations since Gorbachev.” October 1988–February 1989.

Adele Lindenmeyr, Assistant Professor of History, Villanova University. “The Discovery of Childhood in Tsarist Russia: Conscience and Civic Consciousness in Child Welfare Movements, 1861–1914.” March–June 1992. Troitskoe (Buriatiia). Trinity Church, Trinity-Selenginsk Monastery. (Photo: William Brumfield) Maria Los, Professor of Criminology, University of Ottawa. Fellow, and Guest Scholar, Andrew Konitzer-Smirnov, Ph.D. “The Second Economy and Its Brookings Institution. “Russia and recipient, Political Science Control in Marxist States.” Arabia: Soviet Foreign Policy Department, University of January–July 1988. toward the Arabian Peninsula.” Pittsburgh. “Economic Voting in February–August 1985. Russia’s Regions: Are Regional Richard H. Lotspeich, Assistant Executives Accountable for their Professor of Economics, Indiana Regions’ Performance?” Barbara Keys, Research State University. “An Economic September 2002–June 2003. Associate, Franklin and Marshall Analysis of Extortion in Russia.” College. “Sport, International May–August 1995. Relations, and Cultural Transfer in Kathleen Kuehnast, Research the 1930s.” February–June 2003. Associate, Institute of European, Laurie Manchester, Ph.D. recipi- Russian, and Eurasian Studies, ent, Department of History, George Washington University. Michael Khodarkovsky, Assistant Columbia University. “Russian “Women, Poverty, and Conflicting Professor of History, Loyola Orthodox Clergymen’s Sons in Ideologies in Post-Soviet University, Chicago. “A Study of Secular Society, 1861–1917.” Kyrgyzstan.” September Russia’s Southern Frontier, April–December 1995. Sixteenth through Nineteenth 1999–February 2000. Centuries.” June 1991–February Ruth Mandel, Lecturer, 1992. André L. Liebich, Professor of Department of Anthropology, Political Science, University of University College London. “An Québec at Montréal, Canada. Nikolai Iurievich Klimontovich, Anthropological Critique of “Russian Social Democracy after writer and Member, Professional International Development 1921.” May–June 1987. Committee of Writers, Moscow. Assistance in the Former Soviet “America on the Soviet Stage.” Union: The Case of Kazakhstan.” October 1989–February 1990. Ronald D. Liebowitz, Associate September 2004–May 2005. Professor of Geography, Middlebury College. “Soviet Nathaniel Knight, Lecturer in Edgar H. Melton, Assistant Regional Investment Policy History, University of New Professor of History, Wright State (1956–1990) and the Gorbachev Hampshire. “Ethnography in University, and Mellon Faculty Reform Program.” January–July Nineteenth-Century Russia.” Fellow, Harvard University. 56 July–December 1997. 1991.

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER “Aristocrats and Kulaks: The The Justice of the Peace Courts Politics of Famine, a Comparative Struggle for Authority on a Serf (Mirovoi sud), 1864–1917.” Study: Smolensk and the Don Estate in Central Russia September 1992–January 1993. Region, 1920–1934.” September (1800–1835).” June–August 1995–May 1996. 1990. Ghia Nodia, Head, Department of Political Philosophy, Georgian Mary Petrusewicz, Ph.D. recipi- Rajan Menon, Associate Professor Academy of Sciences, Tbilisi. ent, Slavic Department, University of International Relations, Lehigh “National and Political Self- of Wisconsin, Madison. “Into the University. “Military and Security Determination in Post-Communist Heart of Darkness: Ivan Bunin and Aspects of Soviet Policy in Society.” September 1991–May the Poetics of Personal Memory.” Northeast Asia.” September 1992. September 1996–May 1997. 1988–May 1989. Sally J. Onesti, Academy Junior Laura L. Phillips, Assistant Martha Merritt, Assistant Scholar, Harvard Academy for Professor of History, Eastern Professor, Department of International and Area Studies. Washington University. “Working- Government, University of Notre “Détente and Soviet Foreign Class Leisure in Revolutionary Dame. “Imagining the Baltic Policy toward the United States: Russia: The Role of Drink and States: Ethnicity and Apocalypse The Khrushchev Years, Taverns in St. Petersburg, in Russian Foreign Policy.” July 1955–1964.” March–August 1991. 1900–1929.” April–September 2000–March 2001. 1994. Matthew J. Ouimet, Instructor, Susan Morrissey, Ph.D. candi- History Department, University of Marshall T. Poe, independent date, Department of History, Washington. “All That Custom has scholar, Somerville, University of California, Berkeley. Divided: National Interest and the Massachusetts. “Russian Historical “‘Stories about the New People’: Brezhnev Doctrine.” September Mythology.” July–December Student Radicalism, Higher 1999–May 2000. 1997. Education and Social Identity in Russia, 1899-1921.” September Kathleen F. Parthé, Assistant Randall A. Poole, Ph.D. recipient, 1993–May 1994. Professor of Russian, University of Department of History, University Rochester. “Russian Village of Notre Dame. “The Moscow Julie Kay Mueller, Assistant Prose.” September–November Psychological Society: Professor of History, Colby 1987. 1885–1922.” May–August 1996. College. “A New Kind of Newspaper: The Origins and Bertrand M. Patenaude, National Cathy Popkin, Assistant Professor Development of a Soviet Fellow, Hoover Institution, and of Russian Language and Institution: 1921–1932.” June Lecturer in Russian History, Literature, Columbia University. 1993–January 1994. Stanford University. “The “Inscribing the Wall: Figures of Benevolent Intervention: Confinement in Russian W. Patrick Murphy, Jr., Attorney, America’s Famine Relief Mission Literature.” January–June 1989. Washington, D.C. “The Legal to Bolshevik Russia, 1921–1923.” Regulation of Employment in the September 1990–March 1991. Pedro Ramet, Assistant Professor, USSR.” March–September 1985. Henry M. Jackson School of Margaret Paxson, independent International Studies, University of Timothy J. Naftali, Assistant researcher, Départment Washington. “The Soviet Professor, Department of History, d’Anthropologie, Université de Presence in Syria.” October University of Hawaii, Manoa. Montréal. “Configuring the Past in 1986–May 1987. “Unintended Consequences: Rural Russia: An Essay on the Castro, Kennedy, and the KGB.” Symbolic Topography of Social Robert Rand, Adjunct Scholar, February–June 1996. Memory.” September Russian and East European 2000–February 2001. Institute, Indiana University. “A Joan Neuberger, Assistant Study of Soviet Law Practice and Professor of History, University of D’Ann R. Penner, Ph.D. recipient, the Delivery of Legal Services to Texas, Austin. “Popular Legal Department of History, University the Soviet Public.” September Cultures in the Russian Empire: of California, Berkeley. “The 1988–May 1989. 57

30 YEAR REPORT | SCHOLARS Linda M. Randall, Assistant Iranian Communism, 1905–1985.” Imperial Russian General Staff, Professor, Department of July 1987–February 1988. 1898–1917.” April–July 1996. Management, University of Rhode Island. “Russian Defense Louise I. Shelley, Associate Mark David Steinberg, Assistant Conversion: An Institutional Professor, School of Justice and Professor of History, Harvard Theory Approach.” International Service, American University. “Consciousness and October–December 1996 and University. “The Nature and Conflict in a Russian Industry: The February–April 1997. Function of Soviet Justice.” Printers of St. Petersburg and January–May 1986. Moscow, 1855–1917.” Maria Rewakowicz, Research June–August 1989. Assistant Professor, Rutgers Anatol Shmelev, Researcher, University. “Literature, Literary Russia/CIS Collection, Hoover Kathryn E. Stoner-Weiss, Canons, and National Identity in Institution, Stanford University. Assistant Professor of Political Post-Soviet Ukraine: A “Foreign Policy of the Anti- Science, Center for International Comparative Approach.” October Bolshevik Governments during Studies, Woodrow Wilson School 2003–May 2004. the Russian Civil War.” July of Public and International Affairs, 1998–January 1999. Princeton University. “Local David A. Rich, Adjunct Professor Heroes: The Political Economy of of History, Georgetown University. Darrell L. Slider, Assistant Effective Government in the “General Staff Culture: Positivism, Professor of International Studies, Regions of Post-Soviet Russia.” Professionalism, and Russian War University of South Florida. June–July 1995. Planning in the Nineteenth “Experimentation and Policy- Century.” November 1994–July Making in the Soviet Union.” Willard Sunderland, Department 1995. August–December 1985. of History, University of Cincinnati. “Steppe-Building: Priscilla R. Roosevelt, independ- Kathleen E. Smith, Assistant Colonization and Empire in the ent scholar, Washington, D.C. Professor, Department of Russian South, 1764–1850s.” “The Russian Country Estates, Government, Hamilton College. September 2000–May 2001. 1770–1850: A Social and Cultural “Mythmaking in the New Russia: History.” December 1991–August Constructing a Usable Past after Eugene Anthony Swift, Visiting 1992. Communism.” January–June Assistant Professor of History, 1999. West Virginia University. William Rougle, independent “Building Culture: Performance, researcher, Helena, Montana. Steven L. Solnick, Assistant Politics, and Society in Bolshevik “Latin American Literature in the Professor of Political Science, Russia, 1917–1929.” October Soviet Union, 1976–1986.” Columbia University. “Replacing 1992–June 1993. December 1987–May 1988. the Soviet Center: The Political Economy of Post-Soviet Frank Edward Sysyn, Associate David J. Sedik, Ph.D. recipient in Institutions.” June–August 1994. Director, Ukrainian Research Economics, University of Institute, Harvard University. California, Berkeley. “Central Peter J. Stavrakis, Associate “The History of the Control and Independent Professor of Political Science, Polish–Lithuanian Managers in State Industry: University of Vermont. “The Commonwealth.” Market Socialism under the New Politics of Bureaucratic February–August 1989. Economic Policy in Soviet Russia, Transformation in the Soviet 1921–1928.” October 1991–June Republics: Restructuring Isolde Thyret, Ph.D. recipient in 1992. Economic Administration in Russian History, University of Russia, Ukraine and Kazakhstan.” Washington. “Ecclesiastical Khosrow Shakeri, Iranian refugee, September 1992–May 1993. Perceptions of the Female and Visiting Scholar, Center for Near the Role of the Holy in the Eastern Studies, and Associate John W. Steinberg, Assistant Religious Life of Women in Professor, Department of History, Professor, Department of History, Muscovite Russia.” September University of California, Los Georgia Southern University. 1992–May 1993. 58 Angeles. “The Soviet Union and “Military Professionalism and the

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER Nayereh Tohidi, Associate Douglas R. Weiner, Assistant Indiana University of Professor, Women’s Studies Professor of History, University of Pennsylvania. “Rapid Social Department, California State Arizona. “Environmentalism and Change, Community Viability, University, Northridge. “Women, Society in the Soviet Union from and Land Tenure in Northern Democratization, and Civil Rights the Death of Stalin to the Siberia.” July–December 1999. in Post-Soviet Azerbaijan.” Present.” May–August 1991. October 2001–June 2002. Sergei Zhuk, Ph.D. recipient, Paul W. Werth, Ph.D. recipient, Department of History, Johns John Van Oudenaren, former Department of History, University Hopkins University. “Russia’s Lost Member, Policy Planning Staff, of Michigan. “Discourses of Reformation: Peasants, U.S. Department of State. “Soviet Religious Toleration in the Russian Millenialism, and Religious Sects Policy toward Western Europe: Empire.” April–August 1997. in Southern Russia and Ukraine, Instruments and Objectives.” 1830–1905.” August 2002–May October 1987–May 1988. Josephine Woll, Associate 2003. Professor of Russian, Howard John M. Vander Lippe, Assistant University. “Yurii Trifonov: Study Vladislav Martinovich Zubok, Professor, Department of History, of a Soviet Writer.” March–July Senior Researcher, Institute of State University of New York, New 1986. the United States and Canada, Paltz. “The Bridge between Asia Russian Academy of Sciences, Minor and Central Asia: Muslim Elizabeth A. Wood, Assistant Moscow. “The Rise, Continuity, Turkic Intellectuals and the Professor of History, and Fall of Soviet Cold War Discourse on Sovereignty and Massachusetts Institute of Behavior: Organizational Identity.” May–August 1996. Technology. “From Baba to Aspects.” February–May 1993. Comrade: Gender and State Kathryn Weathersby, Assistant Formation in Post-Revolutionary Vladimir Aleksandrovich Professor of History, Florida State Russia, 1917–1930.” Zviglyanich, Senior Research University. “Soviet Policy toward April–August 1993. Fellow, Institute of Philosophy, Korea, 1945–1953.” January–June Ukrainian Academy of Sciences, 1995. Christine D. Worobec, Assistant Kyiv. “Neoconservatism versus Professor of History, Kent State Pragmatism in Soviet Political Theodore R. Weeks, Golda Meir University. “The Peasant Family Mentality.” October 1991–April Postdoctoral Fellow in the in Russia and Russian Ukraine, 1992. Humanities, The Hebrew 1860–1905: A Comparative University of Jerusalem. Perspective.” May 1985–January “Economic and Social Aspects of 1986. the Rise of Nationalism among the Minority Peoples of the Charters Wynn, Assistant Russian Empire’s Western Professor of History, University of Borderlands, 1850–1914.” Texas, Austin. “From the Factory January–September 1993. to the Kremlin: Mikhail Tomsky and Soviet Trade Unionism.” Adam Weiner, Assistant September 1992–January 1993. Professor, Russian Department, Wellesley College. “Connivance, Tatiana R. Zaharchenko, Visiting Temptation, and Exorcism in Scholar, Environmental Law Russia’s Demonic Novels.” Institute, Washington, D.C. May–August 1996. “Second Thoughts on Transparency: a Comparative Amir Weiner, Ph.D. recipient, Study on Post-Soviet States and Department of History, Columbia the Aarhus Convention.” Novoselenginsk (Buriatiia). Ascension University. “Coping with the November 2003–July 2004. Cathedral. (Photo: William Brumfield) Legacy of War: Power, Policy, and Society in Vinnytsa Region, John Ziker, Assistant Professor, 1943–1953.” September Department of Anthropology, 1994–May 1995. 59

30 YEAR REPORT | SCHOLARS Regional Exchange Scholars

Medea Abashidze, Scientific Optimization in the Transitional and Legal Issues.” Secretary, Academy of Sciences of Economy of Russia.” September–December 1998. Georgia. “Peace in the Caucasus: September–December 1998. A New Modus Operandi for Viktoria Antonova, Associate Stability and Regional Airat Aklaev, Senior Researcher, Professor, Department of History, Cooperation.” January–April Institute of Ethnology and Sociology, and Political Science, 1998. Anthropology, Russian Academy Povolzh’e Academy for Civil of Sciences, Moscow. Service, Saratov. “Public Service Kamoloudin Najmudinovich “Democratization and Ethnic Reform and Training Public Abdoullaev, Assistant Professor of Conflict in the Russian Federation: Servants in a Multi-Cultural History, Tajik State University, A Comparative Perspective on Society: A Comparative Analysis Dushanbe. “The Political and Tatarstan, Tuva, and Sakha in the of the United States, Canada, and Social History of Central Asian Early 1990s.” December Russia.” September 2000–March Emigration in the Post- 1996–June 1997. 2001. Revolutionary Period: 1918–1931.” March–May 1995. Jyldyz Aknazarova, Dean, Tatiana Vladimirovna Artemieva, Department of Business and Leading Researcher, St. Kamran Abdulayev, Research Management, Osh State Petersburg Center for History of Associate, Internal EcoEnergy University. “Privatization in Ideas, Institute of Human Studies, Academy, Baku. “Environmental Kyrgyzstan.” Russian Academy of Sciences. Policy Based on Renewable September–December 1998. “Russian Utopianism in the Epoch Energy Sources’ Development.” of Enlightenment: From an Ideal January–April 1999. Aleksei V. Alekseev, Research State to the Perfect Society.” Fellow, Institute of Economy and September 1999–February 2000. Levon Hmayak Abrahamian, Industrial Engineering, Russian Senior Research Fellow, Academy of Sciences, Karine Avetissian, Associate Department of Ethnography, Novosibirsk. “Enterprise Professor, Department of History, Institute of Archaeology and Investment Problems and the St. Petersburg State University. Ethnography, National Academy Process of Privatization in Russia.” “Twentieth-Century Russian of Sciences of Armenia, Yerevan. January–July 1996. Intellectual History (M. I. “People in the Square: Ritual, Rostovtzeff and his Modernization Symbol, and Identity During Leila Agayevna Aliyeva, Vice of World History).” January–April Critical Periods in the History of a President, Independent Center for 1997. Society.” June–August 1994. Strategic and International Studies, Baku. “Ethnic Identity in Viktor Avksentiev, Chair, Anton Agafonov, Head of the the Post-Soviet Era.” Department of Social Philosophy Department of Information and June–December 1995. and Ethnology, Stavropol State Analysis, Strategic Research University. “A Theoretical Model Center, Office of the Presidential Aleksandr Altounian, Senior of the Outcome of Ethnic Representative, Nizhnii Novgorod. Lecturer, Department of Conflict.” March–September “Intergovernmental Responses Journalism, Russian Academy of 2000. and Crisis Management Education, Moscow. “Political Techniques: Government and Journalists, Authority, and the Nadezhda Il’inichna Azhgikhina, Private Sector Planning Methods.” Public: Types of Relationships.” Literary Critic and Editor, Ogonëk, March–September 2002. March–August 2001. Moscow. “The ‘Woman’s Question’ in Contemporary Russia as Fakhraddin Akhmedov, Assistant Volodymyr Anderson, Assistant Reflected in Russian and American Professor, Department of Professor, Department of Journalism.” March–May 1995. Accounting, Statistics, and Finance, Economic and Social Geography, Russian Peoples’ Friendship Odesa State University. “A Oleksandr Babanin, Researcher, University, Moscow. “The Problem Demographic and Ethnosocial Harvard Institute for International 60 of Monetary Policy and Means of its Study of South Ukraine: Research Development, Kyiv. “Globalization

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER and Sustainable Growth of of Sciences, Tbilisi. “Response to Ukraine’s Economy.” Threat of Ethnic Conflicts through March–September 2000. Peace Education.” September 1999–February 2000. Sergei Aleksandrovich Baburkin, Assistant Professor of Elena Anatolievna Borovskaya, International Relations, Yaroslavl’ Head, Art History Faculty, N. K. State Pedagogical University. Rerikh Art College, St. Petersburg “The Changing Role of Military and Member, Artists’ Union of Force in Russian and U.S. Foreign Russia. “Whistler and Russian Art.” Policy: Prospects for Security and September–November 1994. Military Cooperation.” June–December 1995. Aleksandr Boulatov, Professor, Department of World Economy, Vladimir Batiuk, Researcher, Moscow State Institute of Institute of the U.S.A. and Canada International Relations. “Financial Studies. “U.S.-Soviet Arms Race Liberalization and Capital Flight.” and Espionage, 1945–55.” March–August 2001. May–August 1999. Ulan-Ude. Merchants Court. (Photo: William Brumfield) Oleksandr Petrovich Nadezhda Bikalova, Advisor for Demyanchuk, Director, Economics, Rostov-na-Donu State the Committee on the Problems Department of International University. “Effective Owners Will of the Northern Regions, Russian Cooperation, University of Kyiv- Redeem Russian Economy.” State Duma. “The Subsidization of Mohyla Academy. “International September 1999–February 2000. the Budgets of the Russian Relations in the Educational Sphere Federation Regions under Free for Universities in Post-Communist Aleksandr Fedorov, Professor of Market Conditions: Methodology Countries.” April–July 1996. Journalism, Chair of Social and and Practice.” May–August 1999. Cultural Department, Taganrog Irina Gennadievna Dezhina, State Pedagogical Institute, Serhiy Bilokin, Research Senior Researcher, Analytical Russia. “Rights of the Child and Associate, Institute of History of Center for Science and Industrial the Problem of Violence on the Ukraine, Kyiv. “The World that the Policy, Moscow. “State Science Russian and American Screen.” KGB Made.” April–July 1998. and Technology Programs in the March–September 2003. USA and Russia.” September– Tat’iana Ilamonovna Blagova, December 1994. Olha Filippova, Lecturer, Associate Professor of History, Ukrainian Pharmacy Academy. Russian State Humanities Elena Dovgal, Associate “Ethnicity and Nationalism: University, Moscow. “Completion Professor, Department of Processes during the Period of of Textbooks on Dostoevsky’s Economic Theory and World Changes.” January–April 1999. Legacy in the Twentieth Century.” Economy, Kharkiv Politechnical September–November 1994. University. “Economics of Oleksandr Fisun, Associate Transition: Regulation of the Professor, Department of Political Igor Bobrov, Assistant to the Ukrainian Balance of Payments.” Science and Philosophy, Kharkiv Financial Director, Mining September–December 1997. National University. “The Puzzle of Academy, Chumak Company, the Post-Soviet Democracies: Kherson Region, Kakhovka, Vladimir Dubovik, Associate Neo-Patrimonial Interpretations.” Ukraine. “Measuring the Value of Professor of International March–August 2001. a Company.” September Relations, Odesa State University. 2000–March 2001. “The New U.S. Role in Europe Ilia Gaiduk, Senior Research and Ukraine’s Security.” Fellow, Institute of World History, Tinatin Bochorishvili, Professor September–December 1997. Russian Academy of Sciences, and Senior Research Fellow, Moscow. “Soviet Policy toward Research Institute of Politics, Tatiana Vladimirovna Ershova, the Indochina Conflict: 1954–63.” Institute of Philosophy, Academy Senior Lecturer, Department of September 2001–March 2002. 61

30 YEAR REPORT | SCHOLARS Tat’iana N. Garmaeva, Scientific Academy. “American-Ukrainian Yuriy Kalyukh, Senior Researcher, Secretary, Baikal Institute of Relations in the Context of NATO Department of Analytical Environmental Management, and EU Enlargement.” Information, Ukrainian Academy of Russian Academy of Sciences, March–August 2001. Public Administration of the Ulan-Ude. “Problems of President of Ukraine, Kyiv. “The Sustainable Development and the Gayane Haroutunian, Scientific Topical Problems of Local Role of International Cooperation Secretary, Institute of Philosphy Government in the Acceleration of in the Lake Baikal Region.” and Law, National Academy of Middle Class Growth Rate in January–April 1998. Sciences, Yerevan. “How Women’s Ukraine.” March–September 2003. Rights Affect Family Conflicts: Iulia Gradskova, Researcher, Comparative Research on Nazokat Kasymova, Assistant Centre of Feminology, Moscow Armenian and American Professor, Department of State University. “The Identity of Families.” May–August 1999. International Economic Relations, the Soviet Woman: Between University of World Economy and Communist Propaganda and Ildus Ilishev, Senior Researcher, Diplomacy, Tashkent. “Central Traditional Stereotypes.” Institute of Language and History, Asian Integration and U.S. Policy September–December 1998. Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa Regarding the Newly Independent Branch, Bashkortostan. “The States of Central Asia.” Leonid Grenkevich, Associate Ethnolingual Situation in March–September 2000. Professor of Foreign Language, Bashkortostan: A Source for Belarus Agro-Technical University. Political and Ethnic Unrest.” Olga Kazmina, Associate Professor, “Soviet Partisan Movement in April–October 1997. Moscow State University. “Christian World War II: Critical Analysis of Churches and Sects in Russia in the Historiography.” Sergei Aleksandrovich Isayev, 1990s: An Ethnoreligious Study.” September–December 1997. Senior Research Fellow, January–April 1999. Department of History, Institute of Vadim Grinevich, Researcher, Russian History, Russian Academy Oleg Ken, Secretary for Academic Department of Economics of of Sciences, St. Petersburg. “A Affairs, The European University, St. Foreign Countries and International Political Biography of James Petersburg. “Soviet Policy in Economic Relations, Moscow State Madison.” September Central Eastern Europe, 1934–39: University. “New Architecture of the 1999–February 2000. Options and Decisions.” Global Financial System and the September 2002–January 2003. Opportunities for Russia.” Liana Jervalidze, First Secretary, September 2000–March 2001. Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Sergei A. Kibalnik, Senior Georgia. “Oil Policy and Security Associate, Institute of Russian Valentyn Gusiev, Professor of Issues in the Caucasus.” Literature, Russian Academy of Philosophy, Head, Department of September–December 1997. Sciences, St. Petersburg. “Russia’s Philosophy and Religious Study, Unique Historical Path as Viewed University of Kyiv-Mohyla Veronika Kabalina, Senior by Russian Thinkers of the First Academy. “John Locke: The Ideas Research Fellow, Institute of World Emigration and Contemporary of Freedom, Tolerance, and Economy and International Russian Nationalists.” Peace.” March–September 2003. Relations, Russian Academy of June–December 1995. Sciences, Moscow. “Industrial Karim Aminjanovich Hajibaev, Enterprises and Restructuring of Yurii Vasilievich Kirillov, former Researcher/Documentation Employment in Russia.” Mayor, Obninsk, Kaluga Region. Specialist, UN Mission of January–July 1998. “Administrative Management of Observers to Tajikistan, Tashkent. the City: International Experience “Totalitarianism and Democracy in Rustem Kadryzhanov, Chair, and Russian Practice.” Central Asia.” Institute of Philosophy and Law, July–December 1994. September–November 1994. Academy of Sciences of Kazakhstan, Almaty. “Nationalities Mykhailo Kirsenko, Professor, Oleksiy Haran, Professor, Policy in Kazakhstan and the World Department of History, University Department of Political Science, Nation-Building Experience.” of Kyiv-Mohyla Academy. 62 University of Kyiv-Mohyla May–August 1999. “Democracy in East-Central

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER Europe: A Comparative History.” Olga Kravtsova, Counseling American Relations.” March–September 2002. Psychologist Researcher, Research September–December 1997. and Practice Center for Gennadii N. Kocheshkov, Psychological Assistance Gulnara Kuzibaeva, Associate Professor, Department of History, (GRATIS), Moscow. “Psychology Professor, Department of Social Yaroslavl’ State Pedagogical of Migrants: Gender and Culture Sciences, Tashkent Medical University. “State Policy: Relations Aspects of Trauma.” September Pediatric Institute. “The Impact of between the Center and Regions 2002–March 2003. Population Growth on in Russia in 1917.” April–July 1998. Socioeconomic Development in Nikolai Leonidovich Krementsov, Uzbekistan.” September Boris I. Kolonitski, Senior Researcher, Institute of the History 2000–March 2001. Researcher, St. Petersburg of Sciences and Technology, St. Institute of Russian History, Petersburg. “Soviet Science at the Igor Valerievich Kuznetsov, Russian Academy of Sciences. End of the Stalin Epoch.” Assistant Professor of History, “Political Culture of the 1917 June–December 1994. Kuban State University, Krasnodar. Russian Revolution.” “Seminole Indian Clothing.” January–April 1998. Natalia Krivova, Assistant to the July–September 1996. Head of the State Archival Service Carina Valentinovna Korostelina, of the Russian Federation, and Boris Lanine, Head of Literary Assistant Professor, Department of Deputy Chief of Administration, Studies, Russian Academy of Psychology, Simferopol State State Archival Service of the Education, Moscow. “The University. “The Resolution of Russian Federation, Moscow. Montage of Attractions in Ethnic Conflict in Crimea.” “The Russian Orthodox Church (in Totalitarian and Post-Soviet September 1999–February 2000. Russia and Abroad) and Soviet Culture.” September 2002–March Rule, 1920–1925.” February–May 2003. 1997. Vladimir Kostornichenko, Research Fellow, Department of Vladimir Evgenievich Lazarenko, History, Volgograd State Aleksandr Kubyshkin, Professor Researcher, Department of University. “American Firms and of History, Volgograd State Economic Theory, Kharkiv State the Modernization of the Russian University. “The University in the University. “Social Protection of Oil Industry in the 1920s.” Democratic Process: Russian- Research and Development March–August 2001. American Perspective.” Workers in Various Economic March–September 2003. Systems: A Comparative Ihor Nikolaevich Koval, Professor Approach.” March–May 1995. of Modern and Contemporary Elena Kudriashova, Professor, History, Odesa University. “The Department of Philosophy, Pomor Olena Vladimirovna Lazorenko, New Challenge: Russian-Ukrainian State University, Arkhangelsk. Professor of Political Science, Relations and American Foreign “The Role of Women in the Taras Shevchenko Kyiv National Policy.” September–November Political System: A Comparative University. “Political Power: 1994. Analysis of Russia, Scandinavia, Ukraine in a Current World and the U.S.A.” April–August Context.” April–July 1996. 1998. Viacheslav Kozliakov, Professor of History, Riazan State Viktoria Ivanovna Lipina, Pedagogical University. “The Svetlana Kupryashkina, Director, Professor and Chair, Department Making of Slavic (Russian) Centers Ukrainian Center for Research on of Comparative Literature and in the U.S.A.” September Women, Kyiv. “Non-Partisanship Language Studies, 2001–March 2002. in the Non-Profit Sector: U.S.- Dnipropetrovsk University. “An Ukraine—A Comparative International Perspective: Perspective.” March–August Evgenii Krassinets, Chief of Comparing Russian and American 2000. Laboratory, Institute for Socio- Postmodernist Codes.” Economic Population Studies, January–April 1996. Russian Academy of Sciences, Ivan Kurilla, Assistant Professor, Moscow. “Migration from Russia.” Department of History, Volgograd Larisa Loginova, Senior January–July 1998. State University. “Russian- Researcher, Institute of Economy, 63

30 YEAR REPORT | SCHOLARS Siberian Branch, Russian Academy 1933–42: Military Perspectives and Natalia Novikova, Assistant of Sciences, Krasnoyarsk. their Impact on World War II.” Lecturer, Yaroslavl’ State “Formation of Trust Funds for September 2000–March 2001. Pedagogical University. “The Developing Regions.” Suffrage Movement in Russia: An January–April 1998. Vladimir Vladislavovich International Perspective.” Mikhalev, Senior Research Fellow, May–August 1999. Angela Lozan, Associate Institute of World Economy and Professor, Institute of Real International Relations, Russian Valery Novitsky, Senior Science, Moldova State University, Academy of Sciences, Moscow. Researcher, Institute of World Chisinau. “Legal Framework and “Income Distribution and Poverty Economy and International Public Administration for Alleviation: Aspects of the Relations, Kyiv. “U.S. Capital Sustainable Development.” Economic Transformation in Investment in Ukraine.” April–July September 2001–March 2002. Russia.” July–December 1996. 1998.

Andrei Makarychev, Associate Elena Morozova, Chair of the Elena Aleksandrovna Osokina, Professor, Nizhnii Novgorod State Department of Architecture and Research Fellow, Institute of University. “The Role of U.S. Think Industrial Objects, Belarusian Russian History, Russian Academy Tanks in the Foreign Policy- State Politechnical Academy, of Sciences, Moscow. “Fatal Making Process: Comparing Minsk. “Industrial Areas in Towns: Inheritance: Distribution System in Patterns of Influence and Past, Present, and Future.” the USSR, 1930s.” November Analytical Schools.” May–August September 2001–March 2002. 1993–July 1994. 1999. Nail Midkhatovich Bakhytnur Zeinullaevna Lola Makhmudova, Physician, Moukhariamov, Associate Otarbaeva, Associate Professor of Oncological Center of the Professor of Political Science, History, Almaty State University, Republic of Tajikistan, Dushanbe. Kazan’ State University. “Transition Kazakhstan. “Historical and “Centralization versus to Democracy in Multiethnic Cultural Interrelationships of Decentralization: The Health Societies as a Theme for the Central Asian Peoples.” Administration Dilemma in Theory of Ethnopolitics.” January–July 1996. Tajikistan.” September October–December 1995. 2001–March 2002. Viktor Pasysnychenko, Associate Irina Nemchenko, Chair, Professor, Kharkiv Pedagogical Tamara Margaryan, Lecturer and Department of Ancient, Medieval, University. “Civil Society and Post- Research Associate, Department and Early Modern History, Odesa Communist Transitions.” of Macroeconomics, Institute of State University. “History of January–April 1999. National Economy, Yerevan. English Political Thought of the “Structural Policy in the Transition First Half and Middle of the Oleksandr Viacheslavovich Period: Case Study of Armenia.” Seventeenth Century.” September Pavliuk, Senior Lecturer of History, September–December 1998. 2000–March 2001. University of Kyiv-Mohyla Academy. “The Ukrainian Question Irina Melkumyan, Senior Lecturer, Olha Nosova, Associate in American Foreign Policy, Department of Economics, East Professor, Department of 1917–1920.” April–July 1994. Ukrainian State University, Economic Theory, Kharkiv State Lugansk. “Problems of Integrating University. “The U.S.A.’s Irina Pervova, Professor, the Ukrainian Economy into the Experience with Foreign Direct Department of Theory and Practice World Economy.” Investment and Possible of Social Work, St. Petersburg September–December 1998. Implications for Russia.” State University. “Juvenile September–December 1997. Delinquency: Social Policy and Mikhail Miagkov, Scientific Realities in Russia and U.S.A.” Researcher, Department of War Elena Novikova, Attorney, Pepper, September 2002–March 2003. History and Geopolitics, Institute Hamilton, and Scheetz, Almaty. of World History, Russian Academy “Common and Comparative Law.” Armen Petrossian, Researcher, of Sciences, Moscow. “Soviet- April–May 1998. Institute of Archaeology and 64 American Economic Relations Ethnology, National Academy of

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER Sciences of Armenia, Yerevan. and Social Studies, Moscow State “Mythological Archetypes in University. “In the Fight against Armenian History and Revolution: Konstantin Contemporary Reality.” Pobedonostev and Ideological The resources of the Kennan Institute January–April 1998. Politics in the Russian Autocracy.” September–December 1997. have been invaluable in furthering Aleksandr Petrov, Research my project. I have benefited enor- Fellow, Center for North American Liudmilla Popkova, Associate Studies, Institute of World History, Professor, Samara State University. mously from the knowledgeable Russian Academy of Sciences, “Affirmative Action in America: assistance of the various scholars and Moscow. “The Russian-American Development and Debates.” Company, 1799–1867: A New January–April 1999. “the Institute…. Having five months of Perspective.” March–August uninterrupted research time with 2001. Aleksandr Vladimirovich Potekhin, Director, Ukrainian access to the Library of Congress, an Nikolai Vladimirovich Petrov, Center for Peace, Conversion, and Head, Center for Political Conflict Resolution Studies, and office, an IBM computer, a research Geographic Research, Gennadii Professor, Institute of International assistant, and stimulating programs Burbulis Center “Strategiia,” Relations, Taras Sherchenko Kyiv Moscow. “Ethnic-Territorial National University. “Social of speakers and meetings with other Conflicts in the Former USSR and Mobility and the Formation of Strategies for Their Regulation.” Elites in Democratic Society.” scholars has been a great gift. October 1993–June 1994. February–May 1996. Elizabeth A. Wood Aleksei Vladimirovich Pimenov, Boris Povarnitsyn, Associate August 1993 Associate Professor, Department Professor, Department of History, of Sociology, Higher School of Perm State Technical University. Economics, Moscow. “Soviet “American Historiography of Andriy Rukkas, Lecturer, Union and Nazi Germany Soviet/Russian Nationalities Policy.” Department of History, Taras Totalitarian Identity: Ideological September 2000–March 2001. Shevchenko Kyiv National and Mythological Aspects.” University. “Polish-Soviet Military September 1999–February 2000. Mykola Riabchouk, Research Conflict in Western Ukrainian Fellow, Ukrainian Center for Lands.” March–August 2001. Viktor Pleshkov, Senior Research Cultural Studies. “The Fellow and Deputy Director, Nativist/Westernizer Controversy Olga Ivanovna Safronenko, Institute of Russian History, in Ukraine and the Prospects for Chair, English Language Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Modernization.” January–April Department, Rostov State Petersburg. “Americans in Russia 1999. University. “Developing Creative in the Late Eighteenth through Personality through Higher Early Nineteenth Centuries.” Mikhail Anatolievich Rodionov, Education: Psychological, January–April 1996. Professor of Ethnology and Social Methodological, and Anthropology, The Peter the Interdisciplinary Aspects.” Andrei Ivanovich Pliguzov, Great Museum of Anthropology April–October 1996. Research Fellow, Institute of and Ethnology, Russian Academy Russian History, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg. Tat’iana Samsonova, Associate of Sciences, Moscow. “Conflict Resolution as Social Professor of Political Sociology, “Documentary Sources for the Practice: Hadramawt (South Moscow State University. “The History of the Rus’ Arabia).” April–July 1996. Formation of a Multi-Party System Metropolitanate.” October in Contemporary and Pre- 1994–July 1995. Larisa Ruban, Ph.D. candidate, Revolutionary Russia.” September Institute of Socio-Political Research, 1994–February 1995. Aleksandr Polunov, Senior Russian Academy of Sciences, Instructor, Department of Native Moscow. “Conflicts in Multiethnic Xenophont Nikanorovich History, Center for Humanitarian Regions.” May–November 1997. Sanukov, Professor and Head of 65

30 YEAR REPORT | SCHOLARS the Department of Regional Tatiana Shuverova, Head of the Identity in the Twentieth Century.” History, Mari State University, Department of English, Chuvash March–August 2001. Yoshkar-Ola, Mari-El Republic. State University, Cheboksarai, “Soviet and Russian Nationalities Russia. “Language Policy and Aleksandr Sungurov, President, St. Policies toward Small Nationality Social Strategies in Bilingual Petersburg Humanities and Political Groups: A Comparative Study.” Communities.” March–September Science Center “Strategiia.” December 1995–March 1996. 2002. “Political Modernization in Russia: The First Results of a Non- Vyacheslav Vladimirovich Elena Smilianskaia, Librarian, Governmental Research Center.” Serbinenko, Associate Professor Department of Rare Books and January–April 1996. of Philosophy, Russian State Manuscripts, Moscow State Humanities University. “Russian University. “Popular Christianity in Viktor Supian, Deputy Director, Religious Philosophy of History Russia: New Sources and Institute of the USA and Canada (Twentieth Century).” Comparative Approaches.” Studies, Moscow. “Development September–December 1995. March–September 2000. of Economic Democracy and the Transformation of Private Alla Aleksandrovna Tat’iana Anatolievna Smolova, Ownership in the USA: Social and Sevastianova, Professor of Senior Instructor, Department of Economic Applications for Russian Russian History, Yaroslavl’ History, Kazan’ State University. Reform.” March–September 2000. Pedagogical University. “A “Colonial New York in American Russian Province Two Hundred History and Historiography.” Viktor Susak, Research Associate, Years Ago: Culture and Historical February–May 1994. L’viv State University. “Regionalism Thoughts.” February–April 1995. as a Factor in the Post-Soviet Sergei Sokolovski, Lecturer, Transformation: The Case of Khusrav Djamshedovich Department of History, Politics, Ukraine.” May–August 1999. Shambezoda, Lecturer, and Law, Russian State University Department of Russian Language for Humanities, Moscow. Andrei Borisovich Suslov, and Literature, Dushanbe “‘Indigenous Peoples’ in Russian Associate Professor of Russian Pedagogical University. Politics, Law, and Science: The History, Perm State Pedagogical “Language and Society: The Force of Social Representation in University. “The Final Stage of the Unwritten Languages of Pamir and Professional Discourse.” Russian Civil War: The Polylingualism in Tajikistan.” September–December 1998. Suppression of Anti-Bolshevik January–July 1996. Uprisings, 1920–1921.” Natalia Pavlovna Soyunen, September–December 1995. Sergei Shenine, Associate Advisor, Juridical Department, Professor, Department of History, Legislative Assembly of the Rimma Kamil’evna Tangalycheva, Saratov State University. Republic of Karelia. “Judicial Senior Researcher, Institute for “American Technical Assistance to Reform in Russia.” Socio-Economic Problems, the Underdeveloped World in the August–November 1995. Russian Academy of Sciences and Context of the Genesis of the Humanities, St. Petersburg. “The Postwar Order and the Cold War Yulii Stavropolskii, Senior Lecturer, Transformation of Social Structure 1953–60.” March–September Information and Analytical Center, in Contemporary Russia.” 2002. Volga Region Academy of Civil September–December 1995. Service Sociology. “Social Yuriy Shepetukha, Senior Psychology of Interethnic Elena Vladimirovna Research Fellow, Department of Conflicts.” March–August 2001. Tiuriukanova, Senior Researcher, Man–Machine Systems, Institute for Socio-Economic Population Studies, Russian International Research and Viktoria Sukovata, Associate Academy of Sciences, Moscow. Training Center for Information Professor, Department of Theory “International Female Labor Technologies, Ukrainian National of Culture and Philosophy of Migration in Russia and the U.S.” Academy of Sciences, Kyiv. Science, Kharkiv State National July–October 1996. “Issues of Informational Support University. “History of Women’s to Generating Alternatives in Education and the Feminist Irina Eduardovna Tochitskaya, Business Decision-Making.” Strategies in Forming a New 66 March–September 2002. Senior Research Fellow,

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER Department of Regional the Road to Openness: Regional and Political Science, State Economics, Institute of Development and International Academy of Government, Economics, National Academy of Implications.” January–April 1999. Moscow. “Contemporary Sciences, Minsk. “Trade Policy American Studies on Political Reform in a Small Open Economy: Tamara Tsintsadze, Professor of Transformations in Post- The Case of Belarus.” September Literature, Tbilisi Teachers’ Communist Russia.” 1999–February 2000. Training Institute. “Contemporary September–December 1998. African-American Women Writers, Marfua Saydumarovna 1950–Present.” December Olga Dmitrievna Volkogonova, Tokhtakhodzhaeva, Head Architect 1994–February 1995. Assistant Professor, Department of of Projects and Associate Professor, Philosophy and Methodology of Tashkent State Restoration Institute. Viktor Ukhvanov, Associate Sciences, Moscow State “Cultural Expansion, Town Professor, Belarus State University, University. “Russia’s Fate in the Planning, and Architecture of Minsk. “Research in Foreign Works of Russian Philosophers.” Central Asia in the Twentieth Investments in the Republic of February–April 1994. Century (1900–1991).” April–July Belarus in Comparison with Other 1996. NIS Countries and Countries with Aleksei Dmitrievich Transitional Economies.” Voskressenski, Senior Research Igor Vladimirovich Tolochin, January–April 1999. Fellow, Institute of Far Eastern Assistant Lecturer, Department of Studies, Russian Academy of English, St. Petersburg State Galina Ulianova, Researcher, Sciences, Moscow. “Difficult University. “Evolution of Institute of Russian History, Border: Current Russian and Metaphorical Expression in Poetic Russian Academy of Sciences, Chinese Concepts of Sino–Russian Discourse.” February–May 1996. Moscow. “Philanthropy in Imperial Relations and Frontier Problems.” Russia.” April–July 1998. June–August 1993. Aida Myzzakanova Tologonova, Associate Professor, Department Vladimir Vaguine, Regional Revekka Voulfovich, Associate of International Economics, Kyrgyz Manager, Russian Socio-Political Professor, Department for Public State University of Construction, Center, Pskov. “The Role of the Administration and Civil Service, Transport, and Architecture, Informal Economy in a Provincial Northwestern Academy for Public Bishkek. “Factors of Economic Russian City.” January–July 1997. Administration, St. Petersburg. Growth and Development.” “The Most Significant September 1999–February 2000. Volodymyr Varna, Associate Administration and Development Professor, Department of Problems in the Megalopolis of Tamara Tonoyan, Researcher, Philosophy and Social Sciences, the Twenty-First Century.” National Institute of Health, Odesa Business and Law Institute. September 2000–March 2001. Yerevan. “The Economics of the “Illiberal Democracy: The Nature Health Care System in the Market and Political Management.” Oleksandr Vyshniakov, Associate Economy.” March–September March–September 2002. Professor, Odesa National 2000. Academy of Law. “Business Larissa Vasilievna Vasilkova, Regulation in Ukraine: Aspects of Igor B. Torbakov, Research Consultant, Mass Privatization International Harmonization.” Scholar, Institute of Russian Project, Almaty. “Privatization in September 2002–March 2003. History, Russian Academy of Kazakhstan: The Way to a Market Sciences, Moscow. “Managing the Economy.” January–April 1996. Natalia Vysotska, Professor of Decolonization of the Soviet Comparative Literature, Empire: A Case Study of Russian- Viktor Vladimirovich Department of History of World Ukrainian Relations.” Vereshchagin, Deputy Director, Literature, Kyiv State Linguistics June–December 1995. Expert Institute, Russian Union of University. “Multiculturalism in Industrialists and Entrepreneurs, American Public Thought and Tamara Troyakova, Senior Moscow. “Policy and Literature: Theoretical Controversy Researcher, Institute of History, Entrepreneurship in Russia.” and Artistic Achievements.” Archaeology, and Ethnography of July–October 1996. March–September 2002. the Peoples of the Far East, Russian Academy of Sciences, Far Eastern Marat Vernichenko, Associate Olena Yatsunska, Associate Branch. “The Russian Far East on Professor, Department of History Professor, Department of Social 67

30 YEAR REPORT | SCHOLARS and Political Science, Mykolayiv Intellectuals and the Fall of Konstantin Aleksandrovich Branch of Odesa National Communism.” May–August 1999. Zhukov, Senior Research Fellow, University. “The Role of the Local St. Petersburg Institute of Oriental Government in the Settlement of Tatiana Zemba, Senior Scientific Studies. “Russian and Ottoman Conflicts in Multicultural Researcher, Center of Scientific Conservative Thinkers of the Communities.” September Information on Social Science, Nineteenth Century: Konstantin 2002–March 2003. Academy of Sciences of Moldova, N. Leontiev and Mahmud Nedim Chisinau. “Against the Odds: The Pasha.” July–September 1996. Viktor Zablotskii, Researcher, Search for the Deepening of Kyiv National University of Democratic Processes in Moldova.” Economics. “Ukrainian September–December 1998.

Fulbright-Kennan Institute Research Scholars

Olga Demidova, Professor, United States: Ways and Means of Bella Pak, Senior Research Fellow, Department of Literature, St. Managing Ethnic and Cultural Department of Korea and Petersburg State Pedagogical Diversity.” September 2003–March Mongolia, Institute of Oriental University. “Compiling the History 2004. Studies, Russian Academy of of the Russian Writers’ Union in Sciences, Moscow. “Policy of Exile.” September 2004–March Pavlo Kyrpenko, Consultant, Powers Towards Korea: 2005. Institute of International Relations, 1885–1894.” September Taras Shevchenko National 2003–July 2004. Mikhail Fedotov, Vice President, University, Kyiv. “Afghanistan and Regional Public Foundation U.S. Foreign Policy 1991-2003.” Ekaterina Pravilova, Research “Information System for September 2004–March 2005. Fellow, Department of Russian Democracy,” Moscow. “Public History, St. Petersburg Institute of Television: U.S. Experience and Anatoly Lashkevich, Professor, History, Russian Academy of Russian Perspectives.” Deputy Director, Department of Sciences. “Finances of an Empire: March–September 2004. Western Literature, Udmurt State Economic Aspects of Russian University. “From Exceptionalism Regional Politics, 1700–1917.” Kostyantyn Glomozda, Associate to Multicultural Globality: September 2003–March 2004. Professor, Department of History, American Voice in Contemporary University of Kyiv-Mohyla Academy. Culture Theory.” September Serhiy Rymarenko, Senior “A ‘Free World of History’: The 2003–March 2004. Research Fellow, Institute of Importance of American Political and Ethnic Studies, Experience for Post-Soviet Rachit Latypov, Associate Ukrainian National Academy of Ukrainian Historical Science.” Professor, Department of History, Sciences, Kyiv. “Sources of Ethnic September 2003–March 2004. Institute of Regional History, Tensions and Ethnic Conflicts in Astrakhan State Pedagogical Post-Communist Countries.” Aleksandr Khodnev, Professor University. “The Dialogue of Deaf September 2004–March 2005. and Chair, World History Across the Atlantic: American and Department, Yaroslavl’ State British Approaches to a New Yaroslav Senyk, Research Fellow, Pedagogical University. “Russia World Order in 1919–1922.” Manuscript Division, L’viv Stefanyk and Multilateral Institutions: New March–September 2004. Scientific Library. “Ukrainian Patterns, Dilemmas, and Emigre Press in the United States, Challenges.” September Oleksandr Merezhko, Associate 1886–1939: Historical and 2004–March 2005. Professor, Department of Bibliographical Research.” International Law, Institute of September 2004–March 2005. Antonina Kolodii, Senior Research International Relations, Taras Fellow, Department of Shevchenko National University, Victor Stepanenko, Senior Contemporary Ethnology, Institute Kyiv. “International Political and Research Fellow, Department of of Ethnology, Ukraine National Legal Order in the Twenty First History and Theory of Sociology, Academy of Sciences, L’viv. Century.” September 2004–March Institute of Sociology, Ukraine 68 “National Consolidation in the 2005. National Academy of Sciences,

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER Kyiv. “Civil Society in the United Sergei Zhuravlev, Senior States and Post-Soviet Research Fellow, Center for Study Democracies: Concepts and of Modern Russian History and Policies.” February–August 2004. Political Science, Institute of Russian History, Russian Academy Alexei Stukhanov, Associate of Sciences, Moscow. “Lost Professor, Chair of the Generation: American Victims of Department of World Politics, the Stalin Purge, 1935–1941.” Tomsk State University. “Global March–September 2004. Problems, Local Solutions: Local Authorities as Interest Groups in Washington, D.C.” September 2004–March 2005.

Short-Term Scholars

Hans Aage, Associate Professor Moscow State University. “The of Economics, University of Role of Adjutant-General Mikhail Copenhagen. “Comparative Vasilevich Alekseev in World War Studies in Soviet Inequality, I: 1915–1917.” October– Gusinoe Ozero (Buriatiia). Wooden temple, Tamchinsky Incentives, and Income.” February November 1997. Senior Lecturer, Datsan (Photo: William Brumfield) 1988. Department of History, Moscow State University. “General M.V. Galina Vasilievna Alekseeva, Timo Johannes Aarrevaara, Alekseev: Sunset of the Russian Head, Academic Research Project Researcher, The City of General Staff.” November 2001. Department, Yasnaia Poliana State Helsinki Information Management Museum of Tolstoy, Tula. “Tolstoy Centre. “Means and Goals of Local Irina Akhundova, Researcher, and American Literature.” July Decision-Makers in St. Petersburg Gorky Institute of World Literature, 1998. and Kyiv.” May–June 1994. Russian Academy of Sciences. “Archetypal Images of Space in Pëtr Markovich Aleshkovsky, David Abramson, Research the Works of F. Dostoevsky in the independent historian and author, Associate, Institute for European, Context of Literature and Moscow. “Formation of the Russian, and Eurasian Studies, Folklore.” July 1999. Russian Intelligentsia in the George Washington University. Eighteenth and Nineteenth “Sacred Sites, Profane Ideologies: David E. Albright, Visiting Scholar, Centuries: The Case of the Religious Pilgrimage and the George Washington University and Russian Orthodox Church Uzbek State.” May–June 2004. Professor Emeritus of National Missions in Alaska.” Security Affairs, Air War College, November–December 1989. Laura Adams, Visiting Assistant Alabama. “Human Rights and Professor, Sociology Department, Russia’s National Security Policy.” Yuz Aleshkovsky, writer, Babson College. “The Role of September–October 1993. Middletown, Connecticut. International Organizations in “Carousel: A Novel.” September Cultural Development: The Case Aleksei Alekseev, Senior 1983. of Central Asia.” Research Fellow, Institute of October–November 2002. Economy and Industrial John T. Alexander, Professor of Engineering, Russian Academy of History, University of Kansas. Fatimakhon Ahmedova, Lecturer, Sciences, Siberian Department. “Empress Catherine the Great: A Faculty of Law, Khujand State “Mutual Relations Between the Political Biography.” January 1981. University, Tajikistan. “Reforming Investment Process and “The Imperial Russian Court under the Juvenile Justice in Tajikistan.” Management Improvement in the Catherine II.” June–July 1987. November–December 2004. System of Factors of the Russian Economic Growth.” Golfo Alexopoulos, Assistant Oleg Rudolfevich Airapetov, November–December 1998. Professor, Department of History, Instructor, Department of History, University of South Florida. “The 69

30 YEAR REPORT | SCHOLARS Making of Soviet Citizenship Azerbaijani Turks: Power and Carol Anschuetz, Professor of under Stalin.” July 2001. Identity under Russian Rule.” Slavic Languages and Literatures, January 1989. Stanford University. “Critical Mikhail Alexseev, Ph.D. candi- Interpretations of A. L. Volynskii.” date, Department of Political Kirsten Amundsen, Professor of September 1981. Science, University of Washington. Government, California State “Information Collection and University, Sacramento. “The Patricia Arant, Professor of Slavic Analysis in Systematic Conflicts: Implications for Nordic Security Languages and Literatures, Brown National Intelligence Estimates of Policies of Soviet Submarine University. “Observations on the the Soviet Threat, 1975–1985.” Incursions into Scandinavian Bylina: Nineteenth-Century November–December 1995. Territorial Waters.” January 1985. Collectors of Russian Folklore.” Assistant Professor, Department of “The Campaign for a Nordic March–April 1994. Political Science/Criminal Justice, Nuclear-Free Zone.” August 1985. Appalachian State University. Svetlana Arkina, Ph.D. candidate, “Cross-Border Migration, Boris Vasilievich Anan’ich, Department of Economics, Corruption, and Inter-Ethnic Professor of History, Leningrad Moscow State University. Security in the Russian Far East.” State University. “A Study of “Investment Incentive Policy in the April and June–July 1999. Tsarist Economic Policy, Russian Economy.” February 2003. 1890–1917.” November 1978. Ib Alken, Minister Counsellor, Tracy Armstrong, Researcher, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Sheldon Anderson, Associate Laboratory of Survival and Denmark. “The Common Professor, Department of History, Longevity, Max Planck Institute for European Home in Soviet Foreign Miami University, Oxford, OH. Demographic Research, Rostock, Policy during the 1984–1988 “Historical Analogy and Foreign Germany. “Social Determinates of Period.” January–February 1989. Policymaking: 19th Century Longevity in Russia.” July–August Statecraft, Versailles, Munich, 2000. Roy Allison, Lecturer in Soviet Yalta, Containment, and the Fall Defence Policy and International of Communism.” Mandakini Arora, Ph.D. candi- Security, Centre for Russian and January–February 2004. date, Department of History, Duke East European Studies, University University. “Peasant Women in of Birmingham, England. “The Dmitry Andreev, Senior Lecturer, Tver’, 1861–1914.” Determinants of Soviet Department of Russian History, February–March 1995. Conventional Arms Control Moscow State University. Policies in the 1990s.” “Autocracy and the Highest Sergei Aleksandrovich January–February 1991. Bureaucracy: The Conflict over Arutiunov, Head, Department of Power inside the Russian Ruling Caucasian Studies, Institute of Mordechai Altshuler, Director of Elite, 1894–1905.” July–August Ethnology and Anthropology, and the Division on Eastern Europe 2002. Corresponding Member, Russian and the Soviet Union, Institute of Academy of Sciences, Moscow. Contemporary Jewry, The Hebrew Vladimir Andrle, Honorary “The Historic and Prehistoric University of Jerusalem. “Russian Research Fellow, Centre for Maritime Adaptations in the Jewry in the Year of Revolutions, Russian and East European Bering Sea Area.” May 1993. 1917.” February–March 1981. Studies, University of Birmingham, Professor of Soviet and East England. “Labor Management Aram Avetisyan, Lecturer, History European Jewry, Institute of and Shop-Floor Behavior during Department, Yerevan University. Contemporary Jewry, and Head, the Establishment of the Soviet “Migrations of Armenians: Center for Research and Industrial System, 1920–1941.” National Security Considerations.” Documentation of East European April 1986. November–December 2002. Jewry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem. “Soviet Jewry in the Anthony Anemone, Associate Dinora Azimova, Professor, Gorbachev Era.” February–March Professor of Russian, Modern Department of International 1991. Languages Department, College Relations, University of World of William and Mary. “The Culture Economy and Diplomacy. “The Audrey L. Altstadt, Assistant of Collecting in Eighteen-Century Gender Problem in Central Asia: Professor of History, Central Russia: Peter the Great’s The Case of Uzbekistan.” April 70 Connecticut State University. “The Kunstkamera.” May–June 1998. 2000.

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER Charles A. Backman, Ph.D. candi- of Ethnicity: Strategies of Cultural University of Georgia. “To date, College of Forest Resources, Survival and Interaction in West Proliferate or to Control: Russia University of Washington. “Future Siberia.” October–November and Exports for Strategic Structure of the Forest Products 1982. Technology.” October 1998. Sector and Trade in the Soviet Far East.” April–May 1991. John D. Barber, Research Fellow Eliza Becker, Ph.D. candidate, in Russian Social History, History of Science Department, Kendall E. Bailes, Assistant University of Birmingham, University of Pennsylvania. Professor of History, University of England. “A Social and Economic “Russian Psychiatric Debates.” California, Irvine. “Technology History of Soviet Society during October 1997. and Society under Lenin and the 1930s.” January 1979. Fellow, Stalin.” May 1976. King’s College, Cambridge, and Aron Isaakovich Belkin, Director, Lecturer in Politics, Faculty of National Center for Psychoneuro- Anita B. Baker, Assistant Social and Political Sciences, Endocrinology, Moscow. “Stalinist Professor of History, University of Cambridge University. “The Soviet Totalitarianism, Depersonalization, Utah. “A History of Cooperative Defence Industry Complex from and the Struggle for Individual Organizations in Russia before Lenin to Khrushchev.” Identity: An Approach through 1917.” June 1976. February–March 1994. Social Psychiatry.” January–February 1990. Ketevan Bakradze, Associate Thomas Barrett, Visiting Instructor, Professor of Musicology, Tbilisi Department of History, St. Mary’s Roberta Benini, Economics State University, and Research College of Maryland. “The Terek Researcher, Centre d’Economie Scholar, University of Virginia. Cossacks and the North Caucasus Internationale des Pays “Contemporary Georgian Music.” Frontier.” June–July 1997. Socialistes, University of Paris I, May 1995. Sorbonne-Panthéon. “The Donald D. Barry, Professor of Problem of Integration of the Less A. Deniz Balgamis, Ph.D. candi- Government, Lehigh University. Developed Regions of the USSR: date, History Department, “Legislative Immunity in Russia.” The Example of Central Asia and University of Wisconsin, Madison. April–May 1996. Kazakhstan.” July 1988. Director, “The Development of the Research Unit on Eastern Europe Prerevolutionary Kazakh Pinar Batur-Vander Lippe, and the Former Soviet Union; and Intelligentsia and Its Role in Assistant Professor of Sociology, Editor, MOST, Economic Research Creating National Self- Vassar College. “Muslim-Turkic Institute, Bologna. “The Central Consciousness in Kazakh Society.” Identity and the Role of Asian Republics of the former May–June 1992. Intellectuals in the Articulation of Soviet Union: What Transition to a Ethnic Identity (Formulation and Market Economy for Marina Balina, Associate Articulation of Azerbaijani Ethnic Underdeveloped Countries?” July Professor of Russian and German, Identity).” June–July 1993. 1995. Department of Modern and Classical Literatures and Miranda Beaven, Bibliographer Helju Bennett, Assistant Professor Languages, Illinois Wesleyan for Russian and East European of History, State University of New University. “The Origins of Studies, University of Minnesota. York, Buffalo. “A Psychological Contemporary Russian Political “Russian Readership in the 1830s Portrait of Alexander III.” Autobiography.” August 1999. and 1840s.” June–July 1988. May–June 1978.

Deborah Yarsike Ball, Ph.D. can- Anton Bebler, Associate Ewa Berard, Researcher, National didate, Department of Political Professor, University of Ljubljana, Center for Scientific Research Science, University of Michigan. Yugoslavia. “The Use of Soviet (CNRS), Paris. “Between City and “The Changing Social Role of the Armed Forces in International Capital: St. Petersburg under the Soviet Military: From Khrushchev Relations: Patterns, Explanations, Last Romanov.” April–May 2001. to Gorbachev.” and Prospects.” July–August August–September 1993. 1982. Nina N. Berberova, Professor Emeritus of Russian Literature, Marjorie Mandelstam Balzer, Michael D. Beck, Assistant Princeton University. “A Study of Fellow, Russian Research Center, Director of Research, Center for Baroness Moura Budberg.” April Harvard University. “The Tenacity International Trade and Security, 1979. 71

30 YEAR REPORT | SCHOLARS American Economic Relations.” Latin America and the July–August 1987. International Communist My various accomplishments at Movement.” July–August 1978. Gary K. Bertsch, Associate the Kennan Institute were engen- Professor of Political Science, Milka Bliznakov, Professor, University of Georgia. Architecture and Urban Design, dered not only by the welcome “Perspectives on the Future: College of Architecture and Urban opportunity to become immersed in Policy Directions in the Soviet Studies, Virginia Polytechnic Union.” September–October Institute and State University. scholarship that the Institute’s grant 1976. “The Contributions of Women to “afforded me, but also by the engag- Avant-Garde Architecture in Alain Besançon, Director of Russia.” November–December ing atmosphere of collegial inquiry Studies, École des Hautes Études 1988. en Sciences Sociales, Paris. that the Institute fostered…. While “Contemporary American Steve D. Boilard, Assistant at the Institute I met a number of Research on Russia and the Professor, Department of USSR.” April 1979. Government, Western Kentucky American and Russian scholars with University. “Russian Foreign Policy Eugene Beshenkovsky, inde- in 3-D.” February–March 1998. interests parallel or tangential to my pendent researcher, New York. own with whom I conversed in a “The Library of N. Nivikov.” Olga Bolshakova, Researcher, January–February 2002. Department of History, Institute of highly productive manner….I believe Science Information on Social James William Binney, Ph.D. can- Sciences, Russian Academy of that in a number of cases, the dia- didate, Department of Political Sciences, Moscow. “The School of logues just initiated will continue for Science, University of Kentucky. P.A. Zaionchkovsky and the “Factors Affecting Institutional American Historiography.” years to come.” Sustainability: Case Study of January–February 2002. KIMEP.” June 2001. Julie Kay Mueller Sally A. Boniece, Assistant Lydia T. Black, Associate Professor Professor, Department of History, January 1994 of Anthropology, Providence Frostberg State University. “Maria College. “Research on the History Spiridorovna, 1884–1941: Lilya Berezhnaya, History of the Aleutians, Focusing on the Feminine Martyrdom and Department, Central European Russian Period.” April 1980. Revolutionary Mythmaking.” University, Budapest. “Moscow July–August 1997. and Ukraine in their Historical Stephen H. Blackwell, Ph.D. can- Encounters: Types of Ethno- didate, Department of Slavic Mauricio Borrero, Visiting Confessional Tolerance.” Languages and Literatures, Assistant Professor of History, March–April 2002. Indiana University. “The Literary University of Oregon. “Hunger Life of the Russian Emigration, and Society in Civil War Moscow, Mikhail Bernstam, writer, 1920–1940.” September–October 1917–1921.” June–July 1991. Vermont. “The Demographic 1993. “Between Moscow and Kiev: Revolution in the USSR, Alexander Shlikhter as Bolshevik 1917–1920.” August 1980. William Lee Blackwood, Ph.D. Food Proconsul in Ukraine, candidate, Department of History, 1918–1919.” August–September Lina Bernstein, Associate Yale University. “Russian 1993. Assistant Professor, Professor of Russian Language Menshevism and Social Department of History, St. John’s and Literature, Franklin & Marshall Democratic Internationalism after University, New York. “Hungry College. “Epistolary Genres in the Bolshevik Revolution.” Moscow: Scarcity, Survival, and Russian Literature of the 18th August–September 1995. Urban Society in the Russian Civil Century.” February 2004. War, 1917–1921.” July–August Cole Blasier, Professor of Political 1997. Ruben Berrios, Research Science, University of Pittsburgh. Associate, Grupo de Analisis para “Soviet Economic and Viktor Bortnevskii, Professor of 72 el Desarrollo, Lima. “Soviet-Latin Intergovernmental Relations with History, Institute of Social Studies,

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER St. Petersburg State University. Soviet Far West: Regional May 1982. Assistant Professor of “The White Movement and Consciousness in Kaliningrad, Sociology, University of North Administration in the Russian Civil 1945–70.” June–July 2003. Carolina, Greensboro. “Russian War.” July–August 1992. Psychiatrists and the Politics of Nathan Brooks, Associate Professionalism, 1857–1917.” John E. Bowlt, Professor, Professor, Department of History, July–August 1987. Department of Slavic Languages, New Mexico State University. University of Southern California. “D.J. Mendeleev and Russian William Brumfield, Assistant “The Russian Decorative Arts, Society.” May 2000. Professor of Slavic Languages, 1881–1914.” May–June 1996. Tulane University. “Russian Vladimir N. Brovkin, Mellon Domestic Architecture in the Era Nani Boyce, Researcher, Postdoctoral Fellow, Center for of Classicism.” September 1983. Transportation Center, University Slavic and East European Studies, of Illinois, Chicago. “An University of California, Berkeley. Cynthia J. Buckley, Assistant English–Russian Glossary of Terms “An Opposition Party in Soviet Professor of Sociology, University in Housing and Urban Planning.” Russia: The Mensheviks, of Texas, Austin. “From Red to January–February 1994. 1919–1924.” April 1986. Grey: The Aging of Russian Agriculture.” December Bruce C. Bradford, Associate Daniel R. Brower, Professor of 1993–January 1994. Professor of Geography, Stetson History, University of California, University. “The Role of Transport Davis. “The Russian Urban Mary E. A. Buckley, Lecturer, Accessibility in the Growth of Population in the Civil War: A Department of Politics, University Russia’s Post-Reform Urban Socio-Economic Profile.” of Edinburgh. “Political Debates Network.” October–November September 1983. “The End of in Post-Soviet Russia.” April–May 1983. NEP and the Smolensk Scandal.” 2000. March 1985. “Russian Urban Nicholas B. Breyfogle, Ph.D. can- History in the Last Half of the Ludmilla Alekseevna Bulgakova, didate, Department of History, Nineteenth Century.” April 1986. Researcher, Institute of Russian University of Pennsylvania. “Of History, St. Petersburg Branch, Heretics and Colonizers: Religious Andrew Brown, Visiting Assistant Russian Academy of Sciences. Dissent and Russian Settlement Professor, Department of “The State and Formation of the on the Transcaucasian Frontier, Anthropology, Colby College, Intelligentsia in Russia.” 1830–1880.” June 1997. Assistant Waterville. “The Situation of May–June 1993. Professor, Department of History, Migrants from the Former USSR to Ohio State University. “Baikal: The Germany.” March 2003. Valerie Jane Bunce, Department Great Lake and its People.” March of Political Science, Northwestern 2003. Deming B. Brown, Professor of University. “Soviet Foreign Policy Slavic Languages and Literatures, and the American Electoral Evelyn Bristol, Professor of University of Michigan. “The Cycle.” December 1979. Russian Literature, University of Theme of Work in Soviet Illinois. “Modernism in Russian Literature.” January–February John P. Burkett, Professor of Literature, 1890–1930.” 1987. Economics, University of Rhode December 1993–January 1994. Island. “Equilibrium Factor Prices Edward J. Brown, Professor of and Production Patterns in Former Eugene K. Bristow, Associate Slavic Languages and Literatures, Soviet Republics.” Professor of Theater and Drama, Stanford University. “Russian September–October 1992. Indiana University. “The Russian Literary Criticism in the Avant-Garde Theater as a Social Nineteenth and Twentieth Charles J. Bussey, Professor of and Cultural Institution, Centuries.” September 1979. History, Western Kentucky 1898–1928.” October 1976. University. “Julius B. Richmond’s Julie V. Brown, Assistant Russian Diaries: An Evaluation.” Per Brodersen, Ph.D. candidate, Professor of Sociology, College March 1991. Institute for History and Culture of of Charleston. Germans in Eastern Europe, “Professionalization of Russian Robert F. Byrnes, Distinguished Heinrich Heine University, Psychiatrists during the Late Professor of History, Indiana Duesseldorf, Germany. “The Imperial Period, 1857–1911.” University. “Soviet Historians 73

30 YEAR REPORT | SCHOLARS under Stalin in the 1920s and Andrea Susan Chandler, European Center, University of 1930s.” August 1995. Department of Political Science, Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Carleton University. “The Soviet Practice of Michael Cain, Associate “Democratization, Policy Censoring Translations of Professor, St. Mary’s College of Change, and Social Rights in the Western Publications.” Maryland. “Reforming Natural Post-Communist Era: Causes and February–March 1990. Monopolies in Transitional Consequences of Russia’s Environments: Problems of Energy Pension Reform Crisis.” June Han-ku Chung, Research Reform in Kazakhstan.” 2000. Professor, Institute of Foreign January–February 2004. Affairs and National Security, William J. Chase, Associate Seoul. “The Politics of Soviet Marco Carynnyk, freelance writer, Professor of History, University of Regional Development under Toronto. “A History of the Famine Pittsburgh. “The Prophet Fearful? Gorbachev.” July–August 1988. of 1932–1933.” April–May 1985. The Strange Bedfellows of Leon “The Ukrainian Famine of Trotsky.” February 1990. Jiang Chunze, Associate 1932–1933: A Bibliography and Professor and Associate Research Research Guide.” September– Irina Chernysh, Chief Specialist, Fellow, Chinese Academy of October 1988. Republican Committee on Social Sciences, People’s Republic Preservation of Monuments and of China. “The Development of Michael Cassella-Blackburn, Memorials of History and Culture, Socialist Economic Models.” Ph.D. candidate, History Council of Ministers of the October–November 1986. Department, Syracuse University. Autonomous Republic of Crimea. “William C. Bullitt: Fear and “National Heritage Preservation in Anna M. Cienciala, Professor of Loathing in Soviet-American Crimea.” June–July 2002. History, University of Kansas. “The Relations, 1917–1946.” April–May Polish Question in World War II.” 1995. George Cheron, Assistant May 1984. Professor of Russian, California Julie A. Cassiday, Assistant Institute of Technology. Terry Clark, Arms Control, Professor, Department of German “Konstantin Bal’mont: A Disarmament, and International and Russian, Williams College. Bibliographical and Critical Securities/MacArthur Scholar, “The Enemy on Trial: Early Soviet Investigation.” Department of Political Science, Courts on Stage and Screen.” August–September 1989. University of Illinois, Urbana- August–September 1997. Champaign. “A Comparison of Joan Chevalier, Lecturer, Public Attitudes and Behavior Greg Castillo, Ph.D. candidate, Department of German, Russian, Facilitating Democratization in the Department of Architecture, and East Asian Studies, Brandeis Russian Federation and the University of California, Berkeley. University. “Legislating Language Republic of Lithuania.” April–May “Soviet-American Architectural in Post-Communist Russia.” 1992. Exchanges, 1945–1948.” May–June 2004. May–June 1998. William Clark, Associate Aleksei Chokheli, Senior Professor, Department of Political Nick Ceh, Ph.D. candidate, Scientific Researcher, Institute of Science, Louisiana State Department of History, University History, Georgian Academy of University. “Post-Election of Illinois at Chicago. “Yugoslavia Sciences, Tbilisi. Consolidation in the Russian State between East and West: A “Georgian–American Relations: Duma.” August 2001. Comparative Analysis of American 1917–1921.” October 1989. and Soviet Foreign Policy, J. Calvitt Clarke, III, Assistant 1948–1956.” September–October Marianna Tax Choldin, Head, Professor of History, Jacksonville 1994. Slavic and East European Library, University. “The Soviet Union, University of Illinois, Urbana- Japan, and the Italo-Ethiopian Goulnara Chaikhoutdinova, Champaign.”Soviet Censorship.” War, 1935–1936.” May–June Professor, Law Department, Kazan March 1983. C. Walter and 1994. State University. “Regionalization Gerda B. Mortenson and Distribution of Powers in Distinguished Professor for Ralph S. Clem, Assistant Professor Federal Systems.” July-August International Library Programs; of International Relations, Florida 74 2003. and Director, Russian and East International University. “The

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER Process of Social and Economic 2001. Professor and Chair, “The Influence of Social and Development in Non-Russian Department of Political Science, Medical Factors on Mortality Areas of the USSR.” August 1977. San Jose State University. Trends in the USSR, 1965–1975.” “Russian-American Cooperation January 1978. Lecturer in Soviet Edith W. Clowes, Assistant and Conflict in the War on Studies, University of Birmingham, Professor of Foreign Languages Terrorism.” April and November England. “Economic Constraints and Literatures, Purdue University. 2004. on Soviet Arms Control Decision- “An Annotated Bibliography of Making.” April–May 1985. Works by and about Maxim Stephen Crowley, Ph.D. candi- Gorky.” January–February 1985. date, Department of Political Donald E. Davis, Associate Science, University of Michigan. Professor of History, Illinois State Laurie Cohen, Lecturer, Institute “Labor Politics in Contemporary University. “The Russians in for East European History, Russia and Ukraine.” Manchuria: The Harbin YMCA and University of Vienna. “Smolensk August–September 1993. Russian Émigrés.” October 1986. under Nazi German Occupation.” Associate Professor, Department September 2001. of Politics, Oberlin College. Sue Davis, Ph.D. candidate, “Labor Quiescence in Post- Department of Political Science, Phyllis Conn, Ph.D. candidate, Communist Russia.” August 2000. Emory University. “Reforming Department of History, Indiana Leviathan: The Changing Nature University. “Cooperation in Space: Edwina Jannie Cruise, Associate of Interest Representation in The Soviet Space Program and Professor of Russian, Mount Soviet and Post-Soviet States: The International Science, 1957–1972.” Holyoke College. “The Russian Case of Trade Unions in Russia August–September 1993. Vaudeville from Karatygin to and Ukraine.” December Chekhov.” June 1984. 1994–January 1995. Linda J. Cook, Assistant Professor of Political Science, Brown Robert Crummey, Professor of Paul Debreczeny, Professor of University. “Gorbachev’s Reforms History, University of California, Russian Literature, University of and the Soviet Welfare State.” Davis. “Old Believer Culture in the North Carolina, Chapel Hill. June–July 1987. Seventeenth and Eighteenth “Annotated Translations of Centuries.” March–April 1988. Pushkin’s Prose Fiction and a James Cracraft, Associate Critical Study of Pushkin’s Professor of History, University of Jonathan W. Daly, Assistant Fiction.” August 1980. Illinois, Chicago. “Arms Control Professor of History, University of on the Soviet Side.” April 1985. Illinois, Chicago. “The Watchful Jonathan Dekel-Chen, Ph.D. State: Police and Politics Under candidate, Department of Olga Crisp, Professor of Slavonic the Last Tsar.” Comparative History, Brandeis and East European Studies, October–November 1995. University. “The Agro-Joint University of London, England. Experiment: Lessons from Over “History of the Russian Laborer Alexander Danilovich, Ph.D. can- There.” March–April 2000. from Peter the Great to Stalin.” didate, Political Science October 1977. “Russian Internal Department, Southern Illinois Jan Åke Dellenbrant, Associate Trade in the Late Nineteenth and University. “The Domestic Politics Professor of Political Science, Early Twentieth Centuries.” of International Integration: Russia University of Stockholm, Sweden. November 1978. and Belarus.” May–June 2000. “Regional Planning in the Soviet Union.” August 1983. James Critchlow, Fellow, Russian Michael Z. David, Ph.D. candi- Research Center, Harvard date, Department of History, Michelle D. DenBeste-Barnett, University. “Research on Uzbek University of Chicago, and med- Lecturer, Department of History, Elites Using Library of Congress ical student, Yale University. Southern Illinois University. Vernacular Models.” April–May “Tuberculosis in Moscow, “Publish or Perish? The Scientific 1989. 1920–1940.” August–September Publications of Early Russian 1996. Women Physicians.” May–June Sharyl Cross, Professor, 1998. Department of Political Science, Christopher Davis, Faculty of San Jose State University. “NATO Economics and Politics, Michael Denison, Ph.D. candi- and Russia after Kosovo.” July Cambridge University, England. date, Institute for Politics and 75

30 YEAR REPORT | SCHOLARS and East European Languages Alex N. Dragnich, Professor and Literatures, The Ohio State Emeritus of Political Science, University. “Whose Orient?: Vanderbilt University. “A Study of Pushkin and the Myth of the Tito-Stalin Break and Its Bakhchisarai.” June–July 2003. Importance for U.S.-Soviet Relations.” May 1985. Sandjar Djalalov, Principal Researcher, Center for Economic Natalia V. Dronova, J.S.D. candi- Efficient Policy, Ministry of date, Washington University School Macroeconomics and Statistics, of Law. “Public Access to Local Tashkent. “Rural Development in Government Meetings in Russia Uzbekistan: Linkages between and the U.S.: A Comparative Public Investment, Agricultural Analysis.” February–March 1996. Productivity, and Poverty Alleviation.” October–November William J. Drummond, Ph.D. can- 2003. didate, Department of History, University of Kansas. “Women in Sadyrbek Djighitekov, Doctor, Revolt: The Mentalities of the Ulan-Ude. Wooden house, Post Office Street 22. Higher School of Ecology and Decembrist Wives.” March–April (Photo: William Brumfield) Biotechnology, Bishkek. “The 1997. “Russian Cultural History: Transboundary Rivers International The Decembrist Wives and International Studies, University of Policy.” April–May 2002. Russian Women’s Reading and Leeds, United Kingdom. “Central Writing in St. Petersburg in the Asian Regimes.” September 2003. Nodar Djin, Producer, British First Quarter of the Nineteenth Broadcasting Corporation/World Century.” March–April 1998. Hermine G. De Soto, Service. “Stalin: Correspondence Anthropologist and Research with President Roosevelt.” Ruth A. Dudgeon, independent Fellow, Women’s Studies Research October–November 1997. researcher, Washington, D.C. Center, University of Wisconsin, “Higher Education in Russia Madison. “Women Confronting Basil Dmytryshyn, Professor of before the Revolution.” April–May Poverty: Ethnographic History, Portland State University. 1981. Perspectives from Moldova and “Business and Economic Affairs of Eastern Germany.” the Russian Orthodox Population Henri Dunajewski, Professor of September–October 1997. of the Russian Colonies in Applied Economics, Université America, 1800–1867.” August d’Aix-Marseille III, France. “The Betty A. Dessants, Ph.D. candi- 1978. Beginning of the Cold War: date, Department of History, Technology Transfer, Security, and University of California, Berkeley. Evgeny Dobrenko, Reader, the COCOM Institution.” “The American Academic Department of Slavonic Studies, October–November 1985. Community and United States- University of Nottingham, UK. Soviet Union Relations: The “The Price of Identity: Soviet Dennis J. Dunn, Professor of Research and Analysis Branch and Literature as a Multinational History, Southwest Texas State Its Legacy, 1941–1949.” Phenomenon.” August 2002. University. “Roosevelt and His July–August 1993. Ambassadors in Moscow.” Richard B. Dobson, Assistant November 1981. “Papal-Soviet Sergei Alekseevich Diatlov, Professor of Sociology, University Relations: John Paul II and His Professor of General Economic of Colorado, Colorado Springs. Policy in Eastern Europe.” May Theory, St. Petersburg State “Education and Status Attainment 1984. University of Economics and in the Soviet Union.” April–May Finance. “Implementation 1981. Herve Dupouy, Associate Mechanism of a Sustainable Professor, Department of Law and Development Strategy: Regional Yuri Doikov, Ph.D. candidate, St. International Relations, Academy Aspects.” July 1999. Petersburg State University. of International Relations and “Pitirim Aleksandrovich Sorokin: Diplomatic Studies, Chisinau. Sara Dickinson, Assistant 1889–1968.” December “Collective Identities in an Era of 76 Professor, Department of Slavic 1999–January 2000. Transformations—Cultural and

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER National Identification in the Boris Fëdorovich Egorov, the Laboring Poor toward Family Republic of Moldova.” Professor, Institute of the History Life.” March 1983. January–February 2002. of the USSR, USSR Academy of Sciences, Moscow. “All-National Laura Engelstein, Assistant Catherine Durandin, Professor of and Regional Trends of Russian Professor of History, Princeton the Language and Civilization of Thought: 1850–1870.” May 1989. University. “Sexuality and the Social Romania, Center for the Study of Question in Late Imperial Russia, the Civilizations of Central and Sergei Aleksandrovich Egorov, 1860–1917.” June 1987. South-East Europe, University of Senior Researcher, the Institute of Paris III. “Russian Revolutions and State and Law, USSR Academy of David C. Engerman, Ph.D. candi- Their Impact on Political Culture in Sciences, Moscow. “Constitutional date, Department of History, Romania.” February 1988. Doctrine and Practice in the USSR University of California, Berkeley. and the USA: A Comparative “America, Russia, and the Romance Andrew Durkin, Assistant Analysis.” March–April 1989. of Economic Development.” June Professor of Slavic Languages and 1997. Literatures, Indiana University. John C. Ehrhardt, Ph.D. candi- “Chekhov’s Literary Response to date, Department of History, Elizabeth C. English, Ph.D. candi- Dostoevskii.” May–June 1980. Southern Illinois University. “The date, School of Architecture, ‘Work of Enlightened People’: University of Pennsylvania. Eric Duskin, Ph.D. candidate, Identity, Imagination, and the “Moscow Architecture.” January Department of History, University Politics of Culture in Russian Alaska, 1997. of Michigan. “Industrial Labor 1741–1867.” January 2000. Policy and Post-War Tatiana Ershova, Director, Center Reconstruction, 1945–1953.” Reinhard Eisener, Lecturer, of Democratic Initiatives and November–December 1988. Department of History, Humboldt Economic Technologies, Rostov. University, Berlin. “The Bukharan “Open Systems of Private Property Aleksandr A. Dynkin, First People’s Republic, 1920–24.” and Economic Democracy.” Deputy Director, Institute of World November–December 1999. November–December 2003. Economy and International Relations, Russian Academy of Mark Elliott, Assistant Professor Alfred Evans, Professor of Political Sciences, Moscow. “Defense of History, Asbury College. Science, California State University, Industry Conversion.” July 1994. “Soviet-American Diplomacy and Fresno. “Source Differentiation in the Repatriation of Postwar Contemporary Soviet Ideology.” Gerald M. Easter, Visiting Refugees.” July 1977. Associate July–August 1988. Assistant Professor of Professor of History, Asbury Government, Georgetown College. “The Relationship Peggy L. Falkenheim, Visiting University. “Center-Regional between the Christian Assistant Professor, York University, Relations and State Building in Communities of the Soviet Union Canada. “Soviet Policy toward Post-Revolutionary Soviet Russia.” and the West.” June–July 1984. Japan.” November 1978. June–July 1995. Christopher D. Ely, Assistant Brigit Farley, Assistant Professor, Robert Edelman, Associate Professor, Department of History, Department of History, Washington Professor of History, University of Honors College, Florida Atlantic State University, Tri-Cities. “Fr. California, San Diego. “Testing University. “First Crisis of the Alexander Khotovitskii and Russian Theories of Peasant Behavior: Russian Public Sphere.” May–June Orthodox Church in the U.S., Agrarian Disturbances in the 2001. 1895–1914.” December 1997. Right-Bank Ukraine during the Revolution.” May 1982. Hafizullah Emadi, independent Beatrice Farnsworth, Professor of researcher, Seattle. “The Question History, Wells College. “Russian Alla Efimova, Ph.D. candidate, of State-Building in the former Peasant Women: 1861–1928.” Art History/Visual and Cultural Soviet Republic of Tajikistan.” November–December 1990. Studies, University of December 1999. Rochester.”David Burliuk: The George Feifer, journalist, novel- Artist’s Life in the U.S.” April–May Barbara Engel, Associate ist, and critic, London. “A Study of 1994. Professor of History, University of the Legal Profession in the USSR.” Colorado, Boulder. “Attitudes of August 1978. 77

30 YEAR REPORT | SCHOLARS Kristian Feigelson, Professor of Martyna Agata Fox, Ph.D. candi- Vladimir Frumkin, Lecturer in Sociology, École des Hautes date, Department of History, Yale Russian, Oberlin College.”The Études en Sciences Sociales, Paris. University. “The Eastern Question Soviet Song and Mass “Television and Soviet Society.” in Russian Politics: The Interplay of Consciousness: The Cultivation of October–November 1988. Diplomacy, Opinion, and Interest, a Mythological Reality.” 1905–1917.” August–September January–February 1981. Daniel Field, Associate Professor 1992. of History, Syracuse University. Clementine Fujimura, Associate “The Movement to the People of Michael S. Fox, Ph.D. candidate, Professor, Department of Language the 1870s.” January 1991. Department of History, Yale Studies, U.S. Naval Academy. University. “The Higher Party “Abandoned on the Streets of Susan A. Finder, freelance Schools: Education, Politics, and Moscow: An Anthropological researcher, Albany, New York. Ideology during the New Contextualization of the Lives of “The 1981 Law of the Soviet Economic Policy, 1921–1929.” Homeless Children in Russia Union on the Legal Status of December 1991–January 1992. Today.” July–August 2001. Foreigners and the Associated Body of Law Relating to Aliens in Anna Frajlich-Zajac, Lecturer in Robert Fyne, Assistant Professor the Soviet Union.” May 1984. Polish, Columbia University. “The of English, Kean College. “The Image of Rome in the Poetry of Image of the Soviet Soldier in the Ingeborg Fleischhauer, Russian Symbolists.” June 1988. American Propaganda Films Researcher Grantee, German Produced during World War II.” Foreign Office and the Fritz- Murray Frame, Department of July 1984. Thyssen Foundation, Bonn, History, University of Dundee, Federal Republic of Germany. Scotland. “Theater and Civil John Garrard, Professor of “Peace Feelers of the German Society in Russia.” July–August Russian Literature, University of Resistance Movement toward the 2001. Arizona. “Documenting the Allies in World War II.” May 1984. Holocaust before Auschwitz.” Maurice Friedberg, Professor of May–June 1995. Michael S. Flier, Professor of Russian, University of Illinois, Slavic Languages and Literatures, Urbana-Champaign. “Study of Peter Gatrell, Lecturer in University of California, Los Literary Translations in Russian Economic History, University of Angeles. “‘Sunday’ in Medieval from the Earliest Times to the Manchester. “Armaments, Russian Culture.” January 1985. Present.” October–November Industry, and Government in 1981. Russia, 1900–1917.” June 1988. James T. Flynn, Professor of Senior Lecturer in Economic History, College of the Holy Nancy M. Frieden, Adjunct History, University of Manchester, Cross. “History of the Uniate Assistant Professor of Russian England. “War, Economy, and Church in the Russian Empire.” History, Marymount Manhattan Social Upheaval in Imperial Russia, November 1991. “The Uniate College. “Medical Perspectives 1914–1917.” September 1992. Church in the Russian Empire.” on the Conditions of the Russian June 1999. Worker, 1880–1912.” May 1980. Andrew Gentes, Lecturer, School of History, Philosophy, Classics David S. Foglesong, Ph.D. candi- Theodore H. Friedgut, Professor, and Religion, University of date, Department of History, Department of Russian and Slavic Queensland, Brisbane, Australia. University of California, Berkeley. Studies, Hebrew University, “The Sakhalin Penal Colony: Exile “American Intervention in Russia, Jerusalem. “Development of the and Imperialism in Tsarist Russia.” 1917–1920. American Intelligence Electoral System of the Russian June–July 2004. Agents and the Bolshevik Federation.” September 1998. Government.” November 1989. Michael Gentile, Ph.D. candidate, Assistant Professor, Department of Rebecca Friedman, Ph.D. candi- Department of Geography, History, Rutgers University. “The date, Department of History, Uppsala University, Sweden. “The Role of Foreign Intelligence University of Michigan. “In the Post-Soviet City in the 21st Services in the Russian Company of Men: Student Life Century.” February–March 2003. Revolutions and Civil War, and Russian Masculinity, 1917–1920.” May–June 1992. 1825–1855.” July 1998. Robert P. Geraci, Ph.D. candi- 78 date, Department of History,

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER University of California, Berkeley. Ambassador to Russia, “Window on the East: 1825–1848.” April 1978. Ethnography, Orthodoxy and Russian Nationality in Kazan’, Gregory Gleason, Associate Certainly the experience of working 1870–1914.” June 1994. Professor of Political Science, at such an institute in the very center University of New Mexico, and Alexander Gershkovich, Visiting Technical Director, American Legal of Washington is exhilarating…More Scholar, Russian Research Center, Consortium. “A Study of the specifically, I will add that inter- Harvard University. “The Taganka: Process of Democratization in the Russian Political Theater, Former Soviet Union.” March 1996. change with men and women from 1964–1984.” May 1984. Walter Gleason, Associate “all over the world has helped broad- R. G. Gidadhubli, Professor of Professor of History, Rutgers en my intellectual horizons…. And, Economics and Director, Centre of University. “Monograph on Denis Soviet Studies, University of Fonvizin.” Fall 1980. finally, to have a stimulating and Bombay, India. “The Economic Transition in Uzbekistan.” Anastasia Gnezditskaia, Ph.D. comfortable environment in which to April–May 1995. candidate, Central European write is no small gain for someone University, Budapest. “Moscow Eleonory Gilburd, Ph.D. candi- Proposes— But the Governor like myself; nothing brings me date, Department of History, Disposes: Gubernatorial University of California, Berkeley. Patronage in Russian Banking.” greater pleasure than doing my “‘To See Paris and Die’: Foreign January 2004. work, and I have been able to pursue Culture in the Soviet Union, 1956–1968.” April 2004. Yuri Goland, Project Leader, my work here without hindrance. Expert Institute, Moscow. “The Philip S. Gillette, Associate Experience of Fighting High Professor of Political Science, Old Inflation in Russia in 1922–1924 Daniel Kaiser Dominion University. and the Utilization of Such May 1996 “Revolutionary and Anti- Experience in the Contemporary Revolutionary Policies of the Condition.” March–April 1996. New Democracies: The Case of United States and the Soviet Russia in Comparative Union, 1917–1921.” April 1984. Rebecca Golbert, Ph.D. candi- Perspective.” May–June 1998. date, Institute of Social and Josef I. Gitelson, Director, Cultural Anthropology, University Marina Goloviznina, Ph.D. candi- Institute of Biophysics, Russian of Oxford. “Constructions of date, Department of Political Academy of Sciences, Identity among Ukrainian Jewish Science and Sociology, European Krasnoyarsk. “Ecological Policy in Youth.” June 2000. University, St. Petersburg. Siberia.” October 1995. “Detention Center as a Crime Igor Golomstock, Editor and Control Institution: Genesis of Elise Giuliano, Postdoctoral Fellow, Broadcaster, British Broadcasting Practices of Treatment of Juvenile Harriman Institute, Columbia Service, London. “Totalitarian Delinquents During the XX University. “Paths to the Decline of Art.” March 1985. Century in Russia.” August- Nationalism: Ethnic Politics in a September 2004. Former Soviet Republic.” June Grigorii Vasilievich Golosov, 2001. Assistant Professor, Associate Professor, Department Valery S. Golovskoy, Scholar-in- Department of Political Science, of Social and Political Theories, Residence, Department of University of Miami. “Paths to the Novosibirsk State University. “The Germanic, Slavic, and East Decline of Nationalism: Ethnic Formation of New Political Parties European Languages, Queens Politics in Russia’s Republics.” in Siberia in Comparative College. “The Anatomy and July–August 2003. Perspective.” August–September Physiology of Censorship Organs 1993. Candidate of Science and in the USSR.” April 1985. Antonia Glasse, independent Lecturer in Comparative Politics, researcher, Ithaca, New York. European University, St. Alice C. Gorlin, Associate “Prince Heinrich Hohenlohe- Petersburg. “Elite Development Professor of Economics, Oakland Kirchberg, Württemberg and Party System Formation in University, Michigan. “The Power 79

30 YEAR REPORT | SCHOLARS University; Bureau Member, during World War II and Problems Moscow Tribune; and Member, of Restitution.” December 1994. Consulting Group for the RSFSR Supreme Soviet Constitutional Lydia L’vovna Gromkovskaya, Committee. “Psychological Senior Researcher, Department of Aspects of Social Change in the Literature, Institute of Oriental Soviet Union.” Studies, Russian Academy of October–November 1991. Sciences, Moscow. “Russian Oriental Scholars and Explorers.” Lidiia Grafova, Chairperson, May–June 1993. Coordinating Council for Assistance to Refugess and Donald A. Gross, Professor of Forced Migrants, Moscow. “The Political Science, University of Role of Non-Governmental Kentucky. “Institutional Organizations in Protecting Development of the Presidency in Refugees.” October–November the Republic of Kazakhstan.” 1998. December 1995. Ulan-Ude. Wooden house, Banzarov Street 15. (Photo: Bruno Grancelli, Researcher, Borys Gudziak, Ph.D. candidate, William Brumfield) Department of Organization and Slavic Ecclesiastical and Cultural Social Policy, University of Trento. History, Harvard University. “Crisis of Soviet Industrial Ministries in “Patterns of Industrial Workplace and Reform: The Ruthenian the 1980s.” April 1984. Relations in Soviet Enterprises.” Church and the Patriarchate of February 1982. Constantinople on the Eve of the Robert Gorman, Director of Union of Brest.” May–June and International Studies, Southwest Bruce Grant, Assistant Professor December 1992. Texas State University. “Soviet of Anthropology, Swarthmore Involvement in Africa.” May 1982. College. “Sakhalin Island Nivkhi Elizabeth A. Hachten, and the Politics of Indigenous Postdoctoral Fellow, Department Michael Gorny, Executive Pasts.” May–June 1994. of History, Bryn Mawr College. Director, Humanities and Political “Science, State and Society in Science Centre “Strategiia,” St. Johanna Granville, independent Russia: The Development of Petersburg. “The Establishment scholar, Washington, D.C. Bacteriology, 1880–1930.” and Development of the Local “American Influence on Soviet January 1993. Government System in the Decision-Making: Comparative U.S.A.” July 1998. Analysis of the Soviet Gordon M. Hahn, Lecturer, Interventions in Hungary.” Researcher, Department of Gabriel Gorodetsky, Professor of June–July 1993. Political Science, Boston History, Russian and East European University. “The Politics and Center, Tel Aviv University. “Averell Kenneth R. Gray, Assistant Restructuring of the KPSS TsK Harriman and the Formation of the Professor of Economics, University Apparat under Gorbachev, Grand Alliance.” June–July 1988. of Kansas. “Emerging 1988–1991.” April–May 1994. Director, Cummings Center for Organizational Linkages in the Russian Studies, Tel Aviv University. Soviet Beef and Pork Production Jeffrey W. Hahn, Professor of “Stalin and the German Invasion of Systems, with U.S. Comparisons.” Political Science, Villanova Russia.” August–September 1998. January 1979. Associate Professor University. “Deputies to the Local of Economics, North Texas State Soviets: Citizen Participation in Helena Goscilo, Assistant University. “A Study of the Soviet Local Government.” June–July Professor of Slavic Languages and Food Complex.” July 1985. 1985. Literatures, University of Pittsburgh. “The Russian Society Patricia Kennedy Grimstead, Igal Halfin, Postdoctoral Fellow, Tale.” May 1979. independent researcher and Harriman Institute, Columbia Fellow, Russian Research Center University. “The Construction of Leonid Iakovlevich Gozman, and Ukrainian Research Institute, the Soviet Intelligentsia.” Associate Professor of Social Harvard University. “Displaced June–July 1996. 80 Psychology, Moscow State Archives and Cultural Treasures

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER Martin Halliwell, Senior Lecturer University of Pittsburgh. “Scholar, “Corruption, Bribery, and Department of English and Center Writer, and Witness: An Intellectual Economic Crime in the USSR, for American Studies, University of Biography of Lydia Yakovlevna 1945–60.” July–August 2003. Leicester, U.K. “Niebuhr, Kennan Ginzburg.” May 1996. and US-Soviet Relations.” Horst Herlemann, Associate August–September 2003. Richard Harrison, Ph.D. candi- Professor of Political Science, “Niebuhr, Kennan, and the date, War Studies, King’s College, Universität Würzburg, Federal Discourses of Soviet University of London. “The Republic of Germany. Communism.” March–April 2004. Development of Operational Art, “Communist Political Culture in 1904–1937, and the Russian Comparative Perspective.” Thomas T. Hammond, Professor Imperial Heritage in Soviet March–April 1986. of History, University of Virginia. Military Thought.” “Communist Revolutions: A February–March 1992. Patricia Herlihy, Research Comparative Analytical History.” Professor, Watson Institute for June 1977. “The U.S., USSR, and Tsuyoshi Hasegawa, Professor of International Studies, Brown Communist Revolutions in the Political Science, Slavic Research University. “A Biography of Third World.” September 1985. Center, Hokkaido University. “The Eugene Schuyler.” Soviet Military Buildup in the Far September–October 2003. Lori Handrahan, Ph.D. candidate, East.” October 1984. Gender Institute, London School Yoshiko Herrera, Assistant of Economics and Political Gary J. Hausladen, Associate Professor, Department of Science. “Understanding the Professor of Geography, Government, Harvard University. Implications and Impacts of University of Nevada, Reno. “State Appraisal: Transformations Gender Ethnicity in Consolidating “Mythic Siberia: The Frontier as in Statistical Institutions and the Democracy: The Case of Central Place.” March 1995. Russian State.” Asia’s Kyrgyzstan.” December November–December 2001. 1999–January 2000. Ann Healy, Lecturer in History, University of Wisconsin, Michael C. Hickey, Assistant Bohdan Harasymiw, Professor, Milwaukee. “The Jewish Issue in Professor of History, Bloomsburg Department of Political Science, American-Russian Relations: University, Pennsylvania. University of Calgary, Canada. Sporadic Friction for Over a “Provincial Jewish Society and “Russia as a Criminal State.” Century.” May–June 1986. Politics in the Russian Revolution: April–May 2001. Smolensk, 1917.” May–June, Stefan Hedlund, Professor, August 1996. Evelyn J. Harden, Associate Department of East European Professor of Russian Language Studies, Uppsala University, Alison Hilton, Assistant Professor and Literature, Simon Fraser Sweden. “A People With a of Art History, Wayne State University. “Biography of A. S. Troubled History: Reflections on University. “Russian Folk Art.” May Griboedov.” April–May 1980. Russian Path Dependency.” 1982. Associate Professor of Russian, October 2003. Interdisciplinary Studies, Simon Robert Himmer, Associate Fraser University. “The St. James Heinzen, Ph.D. candidate, Professor of History, Pennsylvania Petersburg Diaries of Anna Department of History, University State University, York Campus. McNeill Whistler, 1943–48.” of Pennsylvania. “Party, State, and “Stalin’s Attitude toward Lenin.” May–June 1995. the Transformation of the Russian January 1985. Countryside, 1920–1930.” Jane Gary Harris, Associate September 1992. Visiting David Hoffmann, Visiting Professor of Slavic Languages, Assistant Professor, Department of Assistant Professor of History, Literatures, and Cultures, University History, University of Pennsylvania. Cornell University. “Peasant of Pittsburgh. “The Literature of “To Reorganize the Peasant Metropolis: Migration to Moscow Authenticity: The Autobiographical Completely: Culture, and the Politics of Social Identity, Mode as a Literary and Social Modernization, and the Vision of 1929–1941.” December Phenomenon in Russian and Soviet Socialism in Rural Russia, 1993–January 1994. Literature.” August 1985. 1917–1929.” August–September Professor, Department of Slavic 1997. Assistant Professor, History Erik P. Hoffmann, Associate Languages and Literatures, Department, Rowan University. Professor of Political Science, 81

30 YEAR REPORT | SCHOLARS Denver. “Estimating the Soviets: Japan. “The History of Russian 1976–1989.” June 1995. Liberalism and the Cooperative Movement.” December 1983. Alexandra Hrycak, Assistant Professor, Department of Lioubov Iouzina-Tarvainen, Ph.D. Sociology, Reed College. “U.S. candidate, Department of English, Aid as a Factor in Coalition Helsinki University. “A. Pushkin in Formation among Women’s Anglo-American Culture.” NGOs in Ukraine.” September–October 2000. September–October 2001. Zachary Irwin, Assistant Professor Carol Bailey Hughes, Associate of Political Science, Behrend Professor of Music History, College, Pennsylvania State Southern Methodist University. University. “Policy and “Sergei Rakhmaninov’s Isle of the Perceptions in Soviet Attitudes Dead: Arnold Boechlin’s Canvas as toward Israel.” July–August 1986. Symphonic Poem.” August 1993. Dan Jacobs, Professor of Political Gusinoe Ozero (Buriatiia). Main temple, Tamchinsky Helen S. Hundley, Assistant Science, Miami University. “A Datsan (Photo: William Brumfield) Professor of History, Wichita State Political Biography of N.S. University. “Nikolai Mikhailovich Khrushchev.” October–November Columbia University. “In Quest of Iadrintsev and Siberian 1988. Progress: Soviet Perspectives on Nationalism at the End of the Advanced Society.” July 1979. Nineteenth Century.” February Michael Jakobson, Associate Associate Professor of Political 1993. Professor of History, University of Science, State University of New Toledo, Ohio. “Soviet Prisoners’ York, Albany. “Soviet Perspectives Eugene Huskey, Assistant Songs as a Historical Source.” on Détente: The Scientific- Professor of Government and August–September 1994. Technological Revolution and Legal Studies, Bowdoin College. Changing East–West Relations.” “Russian Lawyers and the Soviet James Janack, Ph.D. candidate, July 1980. State: The Origins and the Department of Speech Development of the Soviet Bar, Communication, University of Larry E. Holmes, Professor of 1917–1939.” March–April 1984. Washington. “The Negotiation of History, University of South Associate Professor of Political Russian National Identity.” Alabama. “Policy and Practice in Science and Director of Russian September 1998. the Schools of Soviet Russia, Studies, Stetson University. 1917–1941.” June–July 1984. “Presidential Power in Russia.” Yang Jiarong, Associate Research February and April 1995. Fellow and Associate Professor, Ulle Viiroja Holt, Ph.D. candidate, Institute of Soviet and East Department of History, Brown Marcelline J. Hutton, Assistant European Studies, Chinese University. “Style, Fashion, and Professor of History, University of Academy of Social Sciences, Identity: The Ballets Russes in Texas, El Paso. “Russian and Beijing. “Considerations France from 1909 to 1914.” European Women: Dreams, Concerning Western Countries in June–July 1997. Struggles, and Nightmares, the Formulation of Soviet Foreign 1860–1939.” July–August 1993. Policy.” August 1987. Bert Hoppe, Ph.D. candidate, Humbolt University, Berlin. Vladimir Iakimets, Researcher, Mark S. Johnson, Ph.D. candidate, “Moscow and the German Institute for Systems Studies, Department of History, Columbia Communist Party. On the Political Russian Academy of Sciences, University. “Russian Educators and Culture of Stalinism in Germany Moscow. “Concepts and Soviet Power, 1928–1939.” and the Soviet Union.” April–May Structures of the ‘Nevada- October–November 1993. 2004. Semipalatinsk’ Anti-Nuclear Movement.” July–August 1992. Kari Johnstone, Ph.D. candidate, Brenda L. Horrigan, Ph.D. candi- Political Science Department, date, Graduate School of Yoshio Imai, Associate Professor, University of California, Berkeley. 82 International Studies, University of Kogakuin University, Tokyo, “Ethnic Minority Policy in Post-

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER Communist Ukraine: Balancing Political Science, University of International Renaissance International and Domestic Mississippi. “The Significance of Foundation, Kyiv. “Academia, Pressures.” September–October Internal and External Pressures on Politics, and Mass Consciousness: 2000. Minority Groups in the CIS.” National Historigraphies in August 1995. Ukraine, Russia, and Belarus and Lena Jonson, University of the Post-Communist Decades Uppsala, Sweden. “The Soviet Cynthia S. Kaplan, Department of (1991–2000s).” May 2003. Political System in the Brezhnev Political Science, Tulane Era.” October 1986. University. “Soviet Policy and the Edward Kasinec, Reference Transformation of Rural Society.” Librarian and Archivist, Ukrainian Grigorii Zosimovich Kaganov, January 1982. Research Institute Library, Harvard Senior Researcher, All-Union University. “P. N. Berkov and the Institute of Theory of Architecture Irina Karandakova, Investment Formation of Soviet Bibliography, and Town Planning, Moscow. “The Analyst, Secretary for the 1925–1933.” October 1980. Image of St. Petersburg in Russian Implementation of Economic Culture (Early Eighteenth Century Reform, Office of the Vice Prime Stuart Kaufman, Assistant to the 1920s).” March 1990. Minister, Cabinet of Ministers of Professor of Political Science, Ukraine. “Modeling Investment University of Kentucky. “Ethnic Judith Kalb, Assistant Professor, Processes in Ukraine’s Electricity Violence and Conflict Department of Germanic, Slavic, Sector.” July–August 1999. Management in Moldova.” and East Asian Languages, February 1995. University of South Carolina. Mohammad Abdul Karim, Ph.D. “Imperium and Saeculum in candidate, Department of History, Nadezhda F. Kavrus, Associate Russian Cultural Discourse, De Montfort University, Leicester, Professor, Department of History 1890–1930.” May–June 2001. UK. “The Decline and Fall of and Philology, Russian University Scientific Atheism in Uzbekistan of People’s Friendship, Moscow. Izabela Kalinowska-Blackwood, and Tajikistan, 1964–1991.” “Byzantine Scriptoria in the Ninth Ph.D. candidate, Department of September 2004. through Thirteenth Centuries and Slavic Languages and Literatures, Their Influence on Old Russian Yale University. “Polish and Shamsiddin Karimov, Country Culture.” May–June 1993. Russian Nineteenth-Century Travel Representative, Global Training Literature on the Orient.” for Development Project, Shoshana Keller, Ph.D. recipient, August–September 1994. Dushanbe, and Ph.D. candidate, Department of History, Indiana Institute of Sociology, Russian University, Bloomington. “The Gurumurthy Kalyanaram, Academy of Sciences. “The Role Struggle against Islam in Assistant Professor, School of of NGOs in the Formation and Uzbekistan, 1917–1941.” Management, University of Texas Development of Civil Society in October–November 1994. at Dallas. “The Dynamics of the Tajikistan.” April–May 2002. Emergence and Functioning of Janet Kennedy, Professor of Fine Joint Ventures in Russia.” Efraim Karsh, Senior Research Arts, Indiana University. “Mikhail July–August 1994. Fellow, Jaffee Center for Strategic Vrubel: An Art History Perspective Studies, and Lecturer in Political on Russian Symbolism.” Denise M. Kangas, Ph.D. candi- Science, Tel Aviv University, Israel. May–June 1980. date, Department of Political “Soviet Policy toward Syria since Science, Indiana University. 1970.” January–February 1988. Karen Kettering, Ph.D. candi- “Interest Groups in the Soviet date, Department of Art History, Union: A Case Study of the River Galina Kashlinsky, independent Northwestern University. “Popular Diversion Project.” May–June researcher, Rockville, Maryland. Culture and Cultural Policy in the 1991. “Startup Works in New Soviet Union: Natalia Dan’ko and Enterprises in the USSR: The the State Porcelain Factory, Roger D. Kangas, Ph.D. candi- Example of the Chemical 1917–1942.” August 1994. date, Department of Political Industry.” September–October Science, Indiana University. 1986. Natal’ia Iurievna Khamaneva, “Faizulla Khodzhaev: A Political Senior Researcher, Institute of Biography.” May–June 1990. Georgii Kasianov, Director, State and Law, USSR Academy of Assistant Professor, Department of Educational Programs, Sciences, Moscow. “Comparative 83

30 YEAR REPORT | SCHOLARS Analysis of Legal Norms on Charles King, Research Associate, University of Stockholm. “Theories Appeal Proceedings in the USA International Institute for Strategic of the Social Function of the and the USSR: Unlawful Studies, Oxford University. Theater in Russia, 1890–1930.” Administrative Actions.” “Changing Russian and U.S. May–June 1981. October–November 1991. Perspectives on War Termination.” April 1996. Paul Klebnikov, Ph.D. candidate, Anatoly Khazanov, Professor of London School of Economics; Russian Studies, Hebrew Jacob W. Kipp, Associate independent researcher, New University of Jerusalem, Israel. Professor of History, Kansas State York. “Russian Rural “Romanovs against Jenghizids: A University. “U.S.-Russian Development, 1906–1927.” Transformation of the Kazakh Technological Transfers: Naval March–April 1988. Socio-Political Organization in the Modernization and Ironclad Sixteenth through Nineteenth Development.” June 1979. Emily Klenin, Visiting Professor Centuries.” July 1986. of Slavic Languages and Stuart Kirby, Professor Emeritus, Literatures, University of Aleksandr Sergeevich Khodnev, University of Aston, Birmingham, California, Los Angeles. “Essays Assistant Professor of History, U.K. “Russian Nationalities: A by and about Afanasij Fet.” Yaroslavl’ State Pedagogical Critical History.” July 1982. December 1983. Institute. “The League of Nations through Russian and American Walther Kirchner, H. Rodney J.D. Klier, Associate Professor of Eyes.” February–March 1992. Sharp Professor Emeritus of History, Fort Hays State University. History, University of Delaware. “The Jewish Question in the Gryhoriy Khomenko, Deputy “Western Influences on the Russian Empire, 1855–1881.” Rector, International Relations, Industrialization of Russia.” April July–August 1984. Diplomatic Academy of Ukraine. 1977. “The Influence of Foreign “Democrary and Conflict Industry on the Industrialization of Nathaniel Knight, Research Management: International Russia before 1914.” Scholar, ACTR, St. Petersburg. Dimensions and Regional October–November 1984. “Constructing the Science of Perspectives. Lessons for Nationality: Ethnography in Ukraine.” November–December Lisa A. Kirschenbaum, Assistant Nineteenth-Century Russia.” 2000. Professor, Department of History, October 1995. West Chester University. “Public Leonid Khotin, Editor, Abstracts and Personal Identities in the Zoe Knox, Ph.D. recipient, Center of Soviet and East European Great Patriotic War.” May 1998. for European Studies, Monash Emigré Periodical Literature. “A Associate Professor, Department University, Melbourne, Victoria. Portrait of the Soviet Manager.” of History, West Chester “Religion, Politics and Civil October 1987. University. “St. Petersburg and the Society in Post-Soviet Russia: Siege of Leningrad.” May–June Implications for Western Policy- Byung-Yeon Kim, Lecturer, 2003. Makers.” September–October University of Essex, U.K. 2003. “Soviet/Russian Household Carolyn Kissane, Ph.D. recipient, Welfare and Behavior.” Comparative Education Winfred A. Kohls, Professor of July–August 1997. Department, Columbia University. History, Moravian College. “The “Educational Policies in German Rural Colonies in Russia Hak-Joon Kim, Associate Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan.” from Their Origins until 1914.” Professor of Political Science, April–May 2003, May–June 2003. October 1978. Seoul National University. “Soviet Occupation Policy in North Korea, Irina Kisseleva, Associate Evgenia A. Kolomak, Professor August 1945–December 1948.” Researcher, Department of and Researcher, Institute of August 1984. Ethnology, European University at Economics and Industrial St. Petersburg. “‘The Other Engineering, Novosibirsk State R. Alan Kimball, Associate Russians’ or Mobilized Mentality.” University. “The Allocative Effect Professor of History, University of November–December 1999. of the Interjurisdictional Tax Oregon. “Mobilization of Political Competition for Investments in Opposition in the Russian Empire, Lars Kleberg, Department of Russia.” July–August 1999. 84 1859–1863.” May 1987. Slavic and Baltic Languages,

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER Pål Kolstø, Postdoctoral Aleksandr Kourylev, Ph.D. candi- Researcher, University of Oslo. date, Department of Political “Slavophile Elements in the Science and Sociology, European Thinking of Some Russian University, St. Petersburg. Universalists.” November 1985. “Russian Re-Immigrants from the United States.” May–June 2000. Igor’ Semënovich Kon, Chief Researcher, Institute of Ethnology Ihor Koval, Director, Institute of The Institute has provided excellent and Anthropology, Russian Social Sciences, Odesa. “Civil Academy of Sciences, Moscow. Control over Military Forces: U.S. resources and support, as well as a “The Sexual Revolution in Russia.” Experience, the East European highly congenial atmosphere for my December 1992. “Changing Example, and Challenges for Masculinities.” April–May 2001. Ukraine.” February–March 2001. work…More than likely, I have

Viktor I. Kondrachin, Ph.D. candi- Wladislaw Krasnow, Coordinator accomplished even more here than date, Institute of Russian History, of Russian Studies, Monterey “I now realize, and I expect to look Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute for International Studies. Moscow. “A Sociological Study of “Defectors from the USSR: The back on my stay at the Institute with Russian Villages.” KGB Wanted List.” May–June November–December 1996. 1985. a sense of satisfaction and accomplishment. Alexander Kondratenko, inde- Michael Kraus, Assistant pendent scholar, Chicago, Illinois. Professor of Political Science, “Private Capital and Business in Middlebury College. “The Soviet Paul Werth Russia, 1921–1929.” May–June Union, Czechoslovakia, and the August 1997 1995. “Jewish Antifascist Second World War: The Committee: Creation, Activity, Foundations of Communist Rule.” Federation, Moscow. “The History Defeat, 1941–48.” May–June May–June 1986. of the Russian Orthodox Church in 1999. “The Poet and the State the 1920s and 1930s.” April–May Security Agent.” Bohdan Krawchenko, Research 1994. October–November 2002. Associate, Canadian Institute of Ukrainian Studies, University of Pavel Krotov, Ph.D. candidate, Anatole Kopp, Professor of Alberta, Canada. “The History of Department of Development Architecture, University of Paris the Communist Party of the Studies, University of Wisconsin, VIII. “Russian and Soviet Ukraine.” October 1984. Madison. “Globalization and Constructivism.” June–July 1980. National Resource Trap in Robert Krikorian, Ph.D. candi- Development of the Russian Stephen Kotkin, Ph.D. candidate, date, History and Eurasian Studies North: Comparative Analysis of Department of History, University Department, Harvard University. Timber and Oil.” November 2000. of California, Berkeley. “Magnetic “The Re-Appropriation of the Mountain: City Building and City Past: History and Politics in Soviet Thomas Kruessman, Assistant Life in the Soviet Union in the Armenia, 1988–91.” May–June Professor, Faculty of Law, Passau 1930s.” October 1988. 2002. University, Passau, Germany. “Local Policing in Russia.” Samuel Kotz, Professor of Alexander Krivonosov, Ph.D. November 1999. Statistics, University of Maryland. candidate, Department of History “Statistics in the USSR.” and Religious Studies, The Martha Kuchar, Associate July–August 1987. Pennsylvania State University. Professor, English Department, “Where the East Meets the West: Roanoke College, Virginia. Elena Yurievna Koudinova, Chief, A Landscape of Familiar “Women Writing Ukraine: Russian- Department of History and Strangers, Missionary Alaska, language Narratives by Ukrainian Culture, Far East Technical 1794–1898.” July–August 2002. Women.” March, July–August University, Vladivostok. “Russian 2003. Culture Abroad: Far East Natalia Alexandrovna Krivova, Emigration, 1920–40.” September Assistant to the Director, National Ilko Kucheriv, Director, 1997. Archival Service of the Russian Democratic Initiatives Foundation, 85

30 YEAR REPORT | SCHOLARS Kyiv. “Exit Polls and Elections in and Russia from Revolution to Marie Lavigne, Professor of Emerging Democracies: A Case Privatization.” May–June 2000. Economics, University of Paris, Study of Ukraine.” September– France. “The Soviet Union inside October 1998. Ria Laenen, Research Associate, COMECON and Facing the West: Department of Political Science, Some Economic Interactions.” Irma Kudrova, Literary Critic, University of Leuven, Belgium. November 1980. Member of Russian Writers’ Union “Russia’s National Identity and and Russian Journalists’ Union, St. ‘Near Abroad’ Policy.” Anna Lawton, Associate Professor Petersburg. “Marina Tsvetaeva’s March–April 2001. of Russian and Comparative Work as Reflected in Literary Literature, Purdue University. Criticism of the Russian Robbin F. Laird, Assistant “Russian Futurist Manifestoes: Emigration.” August–September Professor of Political Science, Aesthetics and Politics.” June 1992. Columbia University and Queens 1983. Associate Professor of College. “Soviet Perspectives on Russian Literature and Film, Purdue Aleksandr Kukhianidze, Détente: The Scientific- University. “Russian Futurism Associate Professor, Tbilisi State Technological Revolution and through Its Manifestoes.” University. “Citizens’ Participation Changing East–West Relations.” November 1985. Independent in Local Government: The Case of July 1980. scholar, Washington, D.C. “Russian Washington, D.C.” August 1999. Cinema in the Time of Reform: Christel Lane, Lecturer in 1991–1996.” November 1996. Mark Kulikowski, Assistant Sociology, University of Aston, Professor of History, State Birmingham, U.K. “White-Collar Susan Layton, freelance University of New York College at Workers in the Class Structure: A researcher and translator, Paris. Oswego. “American Ambassador Comparative Analysis of Their “Nineteenth-Century Russia’s Idea to Imperial Russia, George T. Position in Britain, West Germany, of the Caucasus.” September Marye (1914–1916): Notes on and the USSR.” July–August 1984. 1985. Visiting Lecturer, American Grigorii Rasputin.” January 1990. College, Paris. “The Literary David Lane, Professor of Caucasus in Nineteenth-Century Miklos Kun, Professor of History, Sociology, University of Russia.” October–November Budapest University of Eotvos Birmingham, U.K. “Utilization of 1986. Lorand. “Soviet Defectors, Labor in the Soviet Union.” 1920–1930.” October 1993. August–September 1982. Edward Lazzerini, Associate “Explaining Full Employment and Professor of History, University of Ivan Kurilla, Associate Professor, Labor Shortage in Socialist New Orleans. “The Department of History, Volgograd States.” March–April 1986. Transformation of Crimean Tatar State University, and former Reader in Sociology, University of Society under the Impact of Regional Exchange Scholar, Cambridge, U.K. “Political Elite Russian Rule, 1783–1865.” Kennan Institute. “Russian- Composition in the Transition October–November 1984. American Relations from the from Communism.” 1830s to the 1860s.” June–July September–October 1995. Ronald D. LeBlanc, Assistant 2002. Professor of Russian, Washington Andrei Lankov, former Assistant State University. “The Novels of Sally Kux, Ph.D. candidate, Professor, Oriental Studies V.T. Narezhny.” December Department of Slavic Languages Department, St. Petersburg State 1985–January 1986. Associate and Literatures, Stanford University. “North Korean History: Professor of German and Russian University. “The Anecdote in Early Soviet Advisers in North Korea Languages and Literatures, Nineteenth-Century Russia: On 1945–62.” January-February 2003. University of New Hampshire. the Boundary of Life and “Tolstoy’s Way of No Flesh: Literature.” December 1992. Gail W. Lapidus, Assistant Abstinence, Vegetarianism, and Professor of Political Science, Christian Physiology.” May–June Marie-Alice L’Heureux, Ph.D. can- University of California, Berkeley. 1995. didate, Department of “The Female Industrial Labor Architecture, University of Force of the USSR: Dilemmas, Lyman Legters, Professor, California, Berkeley. “Of House Reassessments, and Options in Institute for Comparative and and Home: Ideology and Identity Current Policy Debates.” Foreign Area Studies, University 86 in the Built Landscape of Estonia December 1977. of Washington. “U.S.-Soviet

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER Cultural Relations.” Birmingham. “Alexander Dietrich André Loeber, Professor September–October 1978. Dovzhenko, 1894–1956: Tradition, of Law, University of Kiel, Federal Modernity, and Stalinist Realities.” Republic of Germany. “The Susan Goodrich Lehmann, November–December 1998. “The Second Currency of the Soviet Assistant Professor of Sociology, Soviet Union and the Dialects of Union.” February 1978. Columbia University. “Russian Nation-Building, 1917–91.” May Baby Boomers and Their Children: 2002. Torsten Lofstedt, Ph.D. candi- Social Mobility and Its Effects.” date, Department of Slavic July–August 1994. André Liebich, Professor of Languages and Literatures, Political Science, University of University of California, Berkeley. Myroslava Lendel, Associate Québec, Montréal, Canada. “The Forest Spirit in Russian Professor, Political Science “From the Other Shore: Russian Folklore and Folk Belief.” Department, Uzhgorod National Social Democracy after 1921.” August–September 1992. University. “Comparative Analysis April–May 1985. of the Institutional Aspects of the Zurab Lomashvili, Deputy Local and Regional Policy-Making Dominic C. B. Lieven, Lecturer in Director, Department of in the Western and Post- Russian Government, London International Organizations, Communist Countries.” October School of Economics and Political Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 2002. Science, U.K. “The Political Role Republic of Georgia. “Security of the Russian Imperial Armed Policy in Post-Soviet Georgia.” George A. Lensen, Professor of Forces: A Foretaste of Soviet Civil- February 1995. History, Florida State University. Military Relations?” December “Russian Aims in Asia.” June 1985. John W. Long, Associate 1977. Professor of History, Rider William Bruce Lincoln, Professor College. “The Root Mission and Carol S. Leonard, Professor of of Russian History, Northern Illinois the Origins of American History, State University of New University. “Russia in the Great Intervention in Russia, York, Plattsburgh, and Fellow, War, 1914–1918.” June 1984. 1917–1918.” August 1980. Russian Research Center, Harvard University. “Evolution of the Labor Susan J. Linz, Associate Professor Marina Nikolaevna Lopato, Market in Northern Russia, of Economics, Michigan State Fabergé Specialist, State 1780–1914.” December University. “Estimating the Hermitage Museum, St. 1992–January 1993. Productive Capacity of Soviet Petersburg. “Carl Fabergé: A Industry During World War II.” Study of Archival Documents.” Steven LeVine, Central Asia- July–August 1992. November 1992. Caucasus Correspondent, The New York Times and Newsweek. Mark Lipovetsky, Visiting Andrea Luciano, Research Fellow, “U.S. Policy and the Caspian Professor of Slavic Languages, Faculty of Law, Trento University. Sea.” May 1999. University of Pittsburgh, and “Russian Company Law.” Docent, Ural Pedagogical March–April 1998. Marcus C. Levitt, Associate University, Ekaterinburg. “The Professor of Russian Literature, Specificity of Russian Jonathan Z. Ludwig, Lecturer, University of Southern California. Postmodernism.” January 1995. Slavic Department, University of “Sumarokov and the Formation of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign. a Modern Russian Literature.” Anna Ljunggren, Visiting Scholar, “Much Ado about Russia: The June 1995. Department of Slavic Languages Influence of Shakespeare on and Literatures, Yale University. Russian Literature.” July 2001. James K. Libbey, Associate “Vladimir Nabokov and His Cultural Professor of History, Embry-Riddle Background in Pre-Revolutionary Igor Lukes, Teaching Assistant, Aeronautical University. St. Petersburg.” January 1987. Department of History, Tufts “Documents of Soviet-American University. “Soviet Foreign Policy Relations.” August 1999. Mary Louise Loe, Professor of on the Eve of the Second World History, James Madison University. War.” June 1983. “Military Aspects George O. Liber, Associate “Maxim Gorky’s Place in Pre- of the Czechoslovak Crisis, Professor, Department of History, Revolutionary Russian Literature May–September 1938: The Soviet University of Alabama, and Culture.” May–June 1987. Perspective.” January 1984. 87

30 YEAR REPORT | SCHOLARS Reneo Lukic, Adjunct Professor of Charlottesville. “Jadid Reformism Silvana Malle, Associate Professor Government and Foreign Affairs, in Post-Soviet Uzbekistan.” in Comparative Economic University of Virginia. “The Rise and December 2002. Systems, University of Verona, Fall of the Communist Federation: Italy. “Labor Shortages and Labor The Disintegration of Yugoslavia Aleksandra Lyssova, Associate Saving in the Soviet Union.” and the USSR and American Professor, Institute of Psychology, October–November 1985. Foreign Policy.” March–April 1993. Pedagogy and Social Work, Far Eastern National University, Lynn Mally, Professor, Yuri I. Luryi, Professor of Law, Vladivostok. “Domestic Violence Department of History, University University of Manitoba, Canada. in Russia.” March–April 2002. of California, Irvine. “Red Works: “A Study of the Legal Profession Soviet Cultural Influence in in the USSR.” July 1977. Professor S. Neil MacFarlane, Assistant Depression America.” September of Law, Osgood Hall Law School, Professor of Government and 2003. York University. “Soviet Law After Foreign Affairs, University of Stalin.” August 1978. Virginia. “Soviet Attitudes toward Olena Malynovska, Researcher, Regional Security in the Third Ukrainian Academy of State Shawn Lyons, Assistant Professor, World.” December 1984–January Management, Kyiv. “Managing University of Virginia, 1985. Migrations: Lessons for Ukraine from the International Arbakhan K. Magomedov, Chair, Experience.” February 2004. Department of History and Culture, Ulyanovsk State Technical Laurie Manchester, Ph.D. candi- University. “Pipeline Poker: Russian date in Russian History, Columbia Local Elites and the Transportation University. “Russian Clergymen’s The opportunities that the of ‘Big Oil’ from the Caspian Sea Sons in Secular Society, to Novorossisk.” April–May 2000. 1861–1905.” April 1994. Woodrow Wilson Center provides to Paul R. Magosci, Senior Research Ruth Mandel, Lecturer in Social scholars are invaluable, they allow Fellow and Managing Editor, Anthropology, Department of scholars to pursue their goals with Ukrainian Research Institute, Anthropology, University College Harvard University. “Guide to the London. “Conceiving Transitions: access to almost limitless resources…I History of Galicia.” October 1980. International Development “should confess that the amount of Assistance in Kazakhstan.” Anna Mainicheva, Research November 2003. work which I have been able to Fellow, Department of Siberian Peoples, Institute of Archaeology Andrzej Mania, Associate accomplish during the six months at and Ethnography of Siberian Professor of History, Jagiellonian the Center I would not be able to Branch of the Russian Academy of University, Krakow. “The USSR in Sciences, Novosibirsk. “Cultures American Strategic Planning dur- complete otherwise during the year. of Minorities in a Multinational ing World War II: The U.S. Country.” January–February 2002. Department of State and Military The friendly atmosphere, helpful staff Circles.” August–September of the Center, and resources of Ivan Major, Senior Fellow, 1986. Institute of Economics, Hungarian Washington, D.C. are very important Academy of Sciences, Budapest. Luke March, Lecturer, “Policy Advisors in Transition in Department of Politics, University assets that allow scholars to succeed Central and Eastern Europe.” of Edinburgh, Scotland. “The in realizing their projects.” August–September 1996. Organizational and Programmatic Development of the Moldovan Olga Malinova, Lecturer, Communist Party.” November Ilia Gaiduk Economic and Humanitarian 2003. March 2002 Department, Moscow Institute of Electronic Engineering. “Liberal Stephen R. Marder, independent Theories of Nations and researcher, Mount Laurel, New Nationalism: History and Jersey. “Linguistic Revolution on 88 Analysis.” January–February 2000. the Road to Democratization:

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER Neologisms in Modern Russian.” University of Wisconsin, Madison. Liudmilla Mikhailova, Ph.D. can- November–December 1993. “Glush’: Representations of didate, College of Education and Province and Metropolis in Human Development, University Rosalind J. Marsh, Professor of Eighteenth-Century Russia.” of Minnesota. “Institutionalization Russian Studies, University of Bath, June–July 1993. of International Education England. “Women Writers and through International Exchanges: Feminist Writings in Twentieth- Kermit McKenzie, Professor of The Role of U.S. Government Century Russia.” June–July 1991. History, Emory University. Programs on Strengthening Civil “Chokan Valikhanov: First Kazakh Society through Transformation of Nikita Igorevich Maslennikov, Enlightener.” September–October Higher Education.” April–May Director, State Architectural 1987. 2002. Institute, St. Petersburg. “Coincidences in Social and Robert McNeal, Professor of Dmitry F. Mikheyev, Senior Economic Processes in the History, University of Fellow, Hudson Institute, Socialist City and Russian Massachusetts, Amherst. “Tsar Indianapolis. “The New Russian Society.” August 1995. and Cossack, 1855–1914.” Political Elite.” May–June 1994. October 1980. Alastair N. McAuley, Lecturer in Elisa Miller, Lecturer in Economics, University of Essex, Louise McReynolds, Associate International Business, University U.K. “Economic Welfare and Professor of History, University of of Washington. “Soviet Economic Inequality in the Soviet Union.” Hawaii. “Russia at Play.” Influence in the Pacific.” June July 1977. July–August 1995. “Murder Most 1986. Russian: Premeditated Death and Mary McAuley, Visiting Associate Modernity in Late Imperial Boris Zakharovich Milner, Professor of Political Science, Russia.” July–August 2002. Professor and First Deputy University of Wisconsin, Madison. Director, Institute of Economics, “The Role of the Communist Party Efim Iosifovich Melamed, inde- Russian Academy of Sciences, of the Soviet Union and the pendent scholar, Zhitomir. Moscow. “American Management Nature of Political Power in the “George Kennan the Elder and Russian Reforms: Corporate, USSR.” June–July 1977. Senior (1845–1924) and His Work on Regional, and Federal Aspects.” Lecturer in Government, University Russia.” August–October 1988. October 1994. of Essex, U.K. “The Social and Political History of Leningrad, Michael Melancon, Assistant Viktor Vasilievich Minachin, 1918–1941.” June 1982. Professor, Department of History, Head, Department of Expert Auburn University. “The Leftist Systems, Cybernetics Council of John McCannon, Assistant Socialist Revolutionaries, the Russian Academy of Sciences, Professor of History, Department 1917–1918: Tribunes of the Moscow. “Visual Resources: of History, University of Workers, Soldiers, and Peasants.” Historic Images of Russian Art and Saskatchewan. “Nicholas Roerich June–July 1990. Architecture.” (1874–1947): A Biography.” November–December 1994. April–May 2002. Natalie Melnyczuk, Project Manager, Parliamentary Rhyor Miniankou, Dean, Elaine McClarnand, Ph.D. candi- Development Project, USAID- Associate Professor, Department date, History, Emory University. USUF, Ukraine. “Pluralizing the of Philosophy, European “Soviet Debates on the Origins of Decision-Making Process through Humanities University, Belarus. Stalinism, 1985–1991.” May 1993. Institutional Consolidation in “The Problem of the Ukraine.” September–October Development of Higher Education James C. McClelland, Associate 1999. in Post-Communist Countries.” Professor of History, University of May 2001. Nebraska, Lincoln. “Soviet Martha L. Merritt, Instructor, Education: The Bolshevik Department of Government, Pardis Minuchehr, Research Government and the University in University of Texas, Austin. “The Associate, Middle East Institute, the Soviet Union.” October 1982. Notion and Practice of Political Columbia University. “Seeking Civil Accountability.” December Society: The Formation of David MacLaren McDonald, 1991–January 1992. Environmental NGOs in the Assistant Professor of History, Caspian Region.” May–June 2000. 89

30 YEAR REPORT | SCHOLARS Ulan-Ude. Ovsiankin house. (Photo: William Brumfield)

Sergei Vladimirovich Mironenko, Nick Morales, Ph.D. candidate, “American Aid to the USSR during Researcher, Institute of History of Graduate School of International World War II.” March–April 1981. the USSR, USSR Academy of Studies, University of Denver. Sciences, Moscow. “The History “How Modern Nation-States Gain Gregory A. Myers, Editor, Ivan of Russian Bureaucrats.” October and Retain Power in the World Dujcev Centre of Slavo-Byz Studies, 1991. Arena.” July–August 1997. Sofia. “Liturgy, Ritual, and Music in Kievan Rus’.” May–June 1996. Romuald J. Misiunas, Research Jennifer D.P. Moroney, Ph.D. Associate, Concilium on candidate, Graduate School of Anatoly Naiman, freelance writer, International and Area Studies, Yale Politics and International New Jersey. “‘Sir’: A Literary University. “The Westernists and Relations, University of Kent at Portrait of Isaiah Berlin.” Asianists in the Russian Diplomatic Canterbury, U.K. “Ukraine and the November–December 2000. Service, 1890–1914.” March 1983. New Frontier of East-West Independent scholar, New York. Relations in Europe.” December “Kablukov.” January–February Gregory Mitrovich, independent 1998. 2004. scholar, San Diego. “Irrelevant Supremacy: American Perceptions Bernard S. Morris, Professor Norman Naimark, Professor of of the Nuclear Balance of Power: Emeritus, Department of Political History, Boston University. “The 1950–63.” March and May 2000. Science, Indiana University at View from Karlshorst: The History Bloomington. “Comintern- of the Soviet Occupation of East Margareta Mommsen-Reindl, CPUSA: Communication and Germany, 1945–1949.” November Assistant Professor of Political Control.” March 2002. 1987, April 1988. Science, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Federal Republic of Germany. Joel C. Moses, Associate Lise Namikas, Assistant Professor, “Public Criticism and Control in Professor of Political Science, Iowa Department of History, Louisiana the Soviet Union.” March 1982. State University. “The Politics of State University. “Battleground Female Labor in the Soviet Union Africa: The Cold War and the David C. Montgomery, Assistant and the United States.” March Congo Crisis, 1960–1965.” Professor of History, Brigham 1980. May–June 2004. Young University “The Role of the Uzbek Literary Community in the Roger Munting, School of Carol Nechemias, Assistant Modernization of Soviet Economic and Social Studies, Professor of Public Policy, 90 Uzbekistan.” March 1978. University of East Anglia, U.K. Pennsylvania State University,

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER Capitol Campus. “Soviet Rural Elena E. Nossenko, Research Colgate University. Housing: Recent Changes in Fellow, Institute of Oriental Studies, “Socioeconomic Change and Public Policy.” May–June 1985. Russian Academy of Sciences. Political Development in Soviet Associate Professor of Public “Main Patterns of Jewish Identity in Central Asia.” January 1979. Policy, School of Public Affairs, Mixed Marriages in Russia.” Fellow, Mary Ingraham Bunting Pennsylvania State University, March–April 2001. Institute, Radcliffe College. “Islam Harrisburg. “The 12 December and Communism in the Soviet 1993 Russian Parliamentary Volodymyr Novik, Head of Union.” March 1982. Elections and the Women’s Bloc.” Department for Migration and July 1995. Minorities, Kyiv City State Robert W. Oldani, Associate Administration. “Migration Professor, School of Music, Andrew Nedd, Professor, Art Practices.” November–December Arizona State University. “Garland History Department, Savannah 2001. Resource Manual on Musorgsky.” College of Art and Design. October 1988. “Defending Russia: Russian Elkan Nuriyev, Director, Center for History and Pictorial Narratives of International Studies, Baku. “The Ingmar Oldberg, Associate the ‘Patriotic War,’ 1812–1912.” New Geopolitics of Great Powers Director of Research, Defense March 2002. in the Caucasus Region: The Roles Research Establishment, of Russia, Iran, Turkey, and the Stockholm. “Ukraine and Belarus Aleksandr M. Nekrich, Russian United States.” May–June 1999. in Russian Politics.” April 2000. Research Center, Harvard University. “The Sunset of the Kåre Nyblom, Senior Editor, Dmitrii Oleinikov, Editor, Rodina Stalin Era.” May 1978. Swedish Broadcasting monthly, Moscow. “Borders and Corporation, Stockholm. “Current Frontiers in Northern Caucasus: Noralyn Neumark, Lecturer in Soviet Writing on Swedish Military The Russian Empire and the Social History, New South Wales Forces and Nordic Security Mountaineers during the Institute of Technology, Australia. Issues.” June–July 1985. Caucasus War.” April–May 2002. “Investigation of the Use of the Media to Mobilize Women around Bertil Nygren, Researcher, Patrick O’Meara, Lecturer in the Changes to Family and Department of Political Science, Russian, Trinity College, University Everyday Life during the l920s in University of Stockholm. “Images of Dublin, Ireland. “The Moscow and Leningrad.” of Soviet Foreign Policy in Decembrist Ideologue Pavel January–February 1981. American Sovietology and Pestel.” August 1984. Politics.” November–December Nikolai Ippolitovich Nikolaev, 1987. Eloy Alberto Ortega Gonzalez, Professor of Russian Literature, Research Fellow, Department of Tashkent State University. “The Michael Ochs, Ph.D. candidate, Post-Soviet Studies, Center for Inner World of Man in Russian History, Harvard University. European Studies, Havana. Literary Consciousness in the “Tsarist Nationality Policy in “Moscow’s Cuban Policy from Second Half of the Eighteenth Russian Poland, 1864–1905.” July Gorbachev to Yeltsin and the Century.” October–November 1986. Triangular Relations U.S.-Russia- 1993. Cuba.” January–February 1994. Nellie H. Ohr, Assistant Professor, Megumi Nishimura, Lecturer, Department of History, Vassar Robert Orttung, Ph.D. candidate, Department of International College. “Clans, Brigades, and Department of Political Science, Political Economy, Nishogakusha Mafias: Politics and Family in Rural University of California, Los University. “The OSCE and Ethnic Western Russia, 1933–1937; and Angeles. “Democratization in St. Conflict in the Former Soviet Russian Collective Farmers under Petersburg.” July–August 1992. Union: Its Role and Limits.” the German Occupation.” August August 1998. 1997. “Clans, Brigades, and Christopher Osakwe, Professor of Mafias: Peasant Society in Law, Tulane University. “Historical John O. Norman, Assistant Smolensk, 1933–1943.” October Sources of Soviet Law.” Professor of History, Western 1997. November–December 1988. Michigan University. “Imperial Art Patronage, 1860–1917.” August Martha Brill Olcott, Assistant Valery Georgievich Osinov, 1991. Professor of Political Science, Historian-Journalist, Department 91

30 YEAR REPORT | SCHOLARS of Complex Information Provision, Internationaux et de Défense, Russian Capitalism.” January INION, Moscow. “Russian University of Paris. “The History of 2004. Archives at the Library of Soviet Military Theory, 1917–1940.” Congress.” July 1997. October–November 1986. Valery Patsiorkovski, Laboratory Chief, Institute for Socio- Grigory Ostrovsky, Professor of Irina Paperno, Assistant Professor, Economic Studies of the Fine Arts, University of Jerusalem. Department of Slavic Languages Population, Russian Academy of “Russian Artistic Avant-Garde in and Literatures, University of Sciences, Moscow. “Community the Early Twentieth Century and California, Berkeley. “Art as a Research in Rural Russia.” May the Naive Art.” April–May 1994. Creation of Life.” June 1989. 1999.

Almira Ousmanova, Associate Daniel S. Papp, Professor of Karl David Patterson, Professor Professor, Department of International Affairs and Director, of Parasitology, Dean of the Culturology, European Humanities School of Social Sciences, Graduate School, University of University, Minsk. “Soviet Visual Georgia Institute of Technology. North Carolina, Charlotte. Culture and its Historical “Soviet Strategy and Low- “Russian/Soviet Medical History.” Imagery.” January–February 2002. Intensity Conflict in the Third February–March 1994. World.” July 1987. Thomas Owen, Assistant Professor Elena Pavlova, Postdoctoral of History, Louisiana State Lynda Yoon-Sun Park, Ph.D. can- Researcher, Department of University. “An Examination of didate, Department of History, University of Chicago. Russian Corporate Development, Anthropology and History, “Russian Imperial Policy and the 1880–1914.” July 1979. Associate University of Michigan. “Visions of Kazan’ Landed Elite.” June–July Professor of History, Louisiana State Empire from the Edge: The 1999. University. “Business Organizations Russian Geographical Society in in the Russian Empire, 1867– Irkutsk, 1851–1933.” May–June Margaret Paxson, Ph.D. candi- 1905.” October 1981. 1997. date, Department of Anthropology, L’Université de Vladimir Padunov, independent Kathleen Parthé, Associate Montreal. “Speaking the Past in researcher, Washington, D.C. Professor, Department of Modern Rural Russia: An Essay in the “Cultural Perestroika and the Languages and Cultures, Symbolic Topography of Artistic Unions.” June 1988. University of Rochester. “‘Unreal Memory.” April 1998. Estate’: Cognitive Maps of Russia Scott W. Palmer, Ph.D. candi- and Their Cultural and Ideological Deborah L. Pearl, Associate date, Department of History, Significance.” June 1995. “‘Unreal Professor of History, Cleveland University of Illinois. “A History of Estate’: Cognitive Mapping and State University. “Creating a Russian Aeronautical Culture.” National Identity.” June 1996, Culture of Revolution: August 1997. March 1997. Revolutionary Propaganda among Workers in Late Nineteenth- Jerry G. Pankhurst, Assistant Bertrand Patenaude, Visiting Century Russia.” June 1994. Professor of Sociology, Ohio State Scholar, Hoover Institution. University. “The Orthodox and “America’s Famine Relief Mission Norman G. O. Pereira, Associate Baptists in the USSR.” August to Bolshevik Russia.” May–June Professor of History, Dalhousie 1978. 1989. University, Canada. “A Biography of Alexander II and a Study of His Aleksandr Vadimovich Pantsov, Jennifer Patico, Research Reign.” May 1977. Professor of Senior Research Fellow, Institute Associate, Five College Women’s History, Dalhousie University, of the World Labor Movement, Studies Research Center, South Halifax, Canada. “The Siberian USSR Academy of Sciences, Hadley, MA. “‘Cultured’ Theater of the Russian Civil War, Moscow. “Leon Trotsky and the Consumption and Gender in 1918–1920.” May 1986. Chinese Revolution: The History Post-Soviet Transformations.” of the Trotskyist Movement in August–September 2001. Jan L. Perkowski, Professor and China.” November 1991. Assistant Professor of Chair of Slavic Department, Anthropology, Haverford University of Virginia. “Russian Ivo Paparela, Head of Studies, College. “‘Russian Brides’ and Medallic Art during the Reign of 92 Groupe d’Études des Problèmes the Cultural Implications of Peter the Great.” March–May 1981.

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER Jeronim Perovic, Senior Research, University of Western Ontario, Canada. “The Researcher, Center for Security Amsterdam. “Foreign Aid and History, Strategy, and Tactics of Studies and Conflict Research, Institutionalization of Civil Society Soviet Atheism.” May–June 1985. Swiss Federal Institute of in Ukraine: A Case Study of Technology, Zurich. “Russia’s Women’s NGOs.” July–August Sergei I. Potolov, Head, Troubled South: Security in the 2004. Department of the History of Caucasus and Central Asia, and Russian Revolutions and Social the Role of Russia.” September Kevin M. F. Platt, Assistant Movements, St. Petersburg 2002. Professor of Modern Languages Institute of Russian History, and Literature, Pomona College. Russian Academy of Sciences. Ronald E. Peterson, Assistant “Tyrants and Poets: “G.A. Gapon: The History of My Professor of Russian, Occidental Authoritarianism and Authorship Life (Memoirs and Documents).” College. “A History of Russian in the Russian Historical October 1997. Symbolism, 1892–1917.” Consciousness.” July 1996. December 1984–January 1985. Kazimierz Poznanski, Visiting Serhii Plokhii, Associate Director, Fellow, Woodrow Wilson School, Roger Pethybridge, Director, Peter Jacyk Center for Ukrainian Princeton University. Center of Russian and East Historical Research, University of “Technological Innovation in European Studies, University Alberta. “New Russia or Southern Comparative Systems Analysis.” College of Swansea, U.K. “Impact Ukraine?” May 2003. August 1981. of Social, Cultural, and Technical Factors on the Political Course of Patricia Polansky, Russian Alex Pravda, Visiting Associate NEP.” October 1982. Bibliographer, University of Professor of Politics, Center for Hawaii, Manoa. “Russian Russian and East European Nicolai Petro, Assistant Professor Perspectives on the Pacific: A Studies, University of Michigan; of International Policy Studies, Guide to Sources.” and Lecturer in Soviet and East Monterey Institute of International November–December 1984. European Politics, University of Studies, California. “U.S. Human Reading, U.K. “A Comparative Rights Policy toward the Soviet William E. Pomeranz, independ- Study on Workers, Trade Unions, Union.” June 1986. ent scholar, Cleveland, OH. and Politics in the USSR and “Political Trials of the Pre- Eastern Europe.” February–March Hugh D. Phillips, Associate Revolutionary Era.” May–June 1981. Professor of History, Western 1991. Kentucky University. “Maksim David Pretty, Ph.D. candidate, Litvinov in the United States dur- Evgeni Ponomarev, Professor, Department of History, Brown ing World War II.” July–August Humanitarian Department, St. University. “The Workers of 1986. “The Provincial Capital of Petersburg State Marine University. Ivanovo-Voznesensk, 1890–1921.” Tver’ during the 1917 “Soviet Dissidence: Export and December 1992–January 1993. Revolutions.” June–July 1992. Import of Cultural Ideologies.” “1917 Tver.” July 1997. October–November 2000. Vera Proskurina, Visiting “Homeless Children in South Professor, Department of Russian Russia, 1918–1931.” May 2002. Randall A. Poole, Ph.D. candidate, Literature, Cornell University. “An Department of History, University Unknown Page of the Russian- Simona Pipko, Faculty Member, of Notre Dame. “Neo-Idealism and American Relationship: The New School for Social Research. the Search for Autonomy in Late Karamzins and the United States “Soviet Housing Law.” Imperial Russian Thought: of America.” April 2000. February–March 1985. Philosophy versus Utopianism in the Moscow Psychological Albert J. Pucciarelli, Attorney, Joze Pirjevec, Assistant Professor Society.” July–August 1992. Grandmet USA, Inc., Ridgewood, of History of Eastern Europe, NJ. “Soviet Housing Law.” University of Trieste, Italy. “The Dimitry Pospielovsky, Associate February–March 1985. Split between Tito and Stalin, Professor of History, University of 1948–1949.” September 1981. Western Ontario, Canada. “The George F. Putnam, Guest History of Church-State Relations Lecturer, Slavonic and East Kateryna Pishchikova, Ph.D. can- in the Soviet Union.” July 1976. European Studies Center, didate, School for Social Science Professor of History, University of University of London, U.K. “The 93

30 YEAR REPORT | SCHOLARS Peasantry of Central Russia, David L. Ransel, Associate Natalia Reshetova, Ph.D. candi- 1800–1861.” February–March Professor of History, University of date, Institute of Russian History, 1978. Illinois, Urbana-Champaign. “The Russian Academy of Sciences, Abandoned Children of Imperial Rostov-on-Don. “The Great Emily Pyle, Ph.D. candidate, Russia: The Rural Urban Nexus.” Famine in Soviet Russia and Department of History, University November 1978. American Aid in the 1920s.” of Chicago. “Village Aid for the March–April 2004. Soldier-Farmer: Russian and Alec Rasizade, independent schol- European Experiences Compared, ar, New York. “The Contemporary Petra Rethmann, Associate 1870s to 1918.” August 1994. Situation in the Transcaucasus, U.S. Professor, Department of Strategic Interests in the Region Anthropology, McMaster Karl D. Qualls, Visiting Assistant and American Policy toward the University, Hamilton, Ontario. Professor, Department of History, Republic of Azerbaijan.” October “Autonomy and Self- University of Missouri. “Soviet 1993. Determination in Indigenous Municipal Reconstruction, Russia.” November–December 1944–53.” July–August 1999. Anne Rassweiler, freelance 2002. researcher, Princeton, New Jersey. Richard C. Raack, Professor “Soviet Industrialization during the Aaron Retish, Ph.D. candidate, Emeritus, Department of History, First Five-Year Plan, 1927–1932: A History Department, Ohio State California State University, Model of Soviet Socialist University. “Peasant Identities in Hayward. “Stalin’s European Planning.” September 1983. Russia’s Turmoil: Status, Gender, Policy.” January–February 1997. and Ethnicity in Viatka Province, Maria Ratanova, Ph.D. candidate, 1914–21.” December 2001. Yakov M. Rabkin, Professor of Department of Art History, History, University of Montréal. European University at St. Elisabeth T. Rich, Associate “The International Connections of Petersburg. “The Choreographer Professor, Department of Russian Soviet Science.” April–May 1987. Bronislava Nizhinska and Language and Literature, Texas European Artistic Trends of the A&M University. “Post-Soviet Hugh Ragsdale, Associate 1910s-1930s.” May 2003. Siberian Literature.” May–June Professor of History, University of 1997. Alabama. “Paul I: Revolution in Shimon Redlich, Visiting Assistant Russian Foreign Policy.” Professor of Jewish Studies, Robert Richardson, Associate July–August 1980. “The Peace University of Pittsburgh, Israel. Professor of Modern Foreign Party at the Russian Court, “Soviet Policies and Jewish Languages and Literatures, 1762–1815.” October 1982. Nationalism during World War II: Boston University. “The Image of Professor of History, University of The Jewish Antifascist Committee, Rome in Russia.” November 1983. Alabama. “Interest Groups and 1942–1948.” May 1976. Public Opinion among the Russian William Richardson, Associate Nobility in Questions of Foreign Roger R. Reese, Ph.D. candidate, Professor of History, Wichita State Affairs, 1762–1796.” July 1987. Department of History, University University. “To the World of the “The Traditions of Imperial of Texas, Austin. “Social- Future: Mexicans in the Soviet Russian Foreign Policy.” August Organizational History of the Union, 1920–1940.” January 1991. Soviet Red Army from 1925 to 1989. 1941.” July–August 1990. Pedro Ramet, Assistant Professor Associate Professor, Department T. Harry Rigby, Professor of of Political Science, University of of History, Texas A&M University. Political Science, Australian Washington. “Soviet-Syrian “Soviet History: The View from National University. “Cliques and Relations since 1976.” September the Barracks.” June–July 1997. Patronage in Soviet Politics.” 1984. January 1978. “Perestroika and Thomas F. Remington, Assistant the Transformation of Mono- Robert Rand, Senior Editor, Professor of Political Science, Organizational Socialism.” “Weekend All Things Emory University. “Publicity and May–June 1989. Considered,” National Public Policy in the Implementation of Radio, Washington, D.C. “NPR- CPSU Central Committee Natalia M. Rimashevskaya, Kennan Audio Archive.” Resolutions.” March 1981. Director, Institute of Socio- 94 December 1994–January 1995. Economic Problems of the

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER Population, Moscow. “Family and Literature, University of Welfare in Transition: Taganrog 3 Hawaii, Manoa. “Women Writers 1/2.” December 1995–January in the Silver Age.” 1996. October–November 1984.

Gábor Tamás Rittersporn, Cameron Ross, Social and Researcher, Centre National de la Political Sciences Committee, Récherche Scientifique, Paris. “An University of Cambridge, U.K. Analysis of Soviet Social and “Party-State Relations in the Political Transformations, USSR.” September–October 1946–1958.” March 1980. 1987.

Geoffrey Roberts, Statutory Kirill Rossiyanov, Senior Lecturer, Department of History, Research Fellow, Institute of the University College, Cork, Ireland. History of Natural Sciences and “Soviet-American Relations, Technology, Russian Academy of 1941–47.” September–October Sciences, Moscow. “The Cold 2001. War and the Study of Non- Verkhniaia Berezovka (Buriatiia). Old Believer Church of Human Primates in the Soviet Saint Nicholas. (Photo: William Brumfield) Lawrence R. Robertson, Lecturer, Union and the United States, Graduate School of International 1950–65.” November–December Studies, University of Miami. 1999. of Germanic and Slavic “Institutions, Credibility, and the Languages, University of Georgia. Political Economy of Reform in the Linda O’Brien Rothe, freelance “Moscow and St. Petersburg: former Soviet States, 1992–1994.” researcher, San Pedro, California. Russian Cultural Myths through July–August 1995. “A Study of the Old Believer the Eyes of French Travelers Chants Owned by Nicholas (1703–1917).” June–July 2002. Harlow Robinson, Associate Schidlovsky.” April 1984. Professor and Chair, Department M. Holt Ruffin, Executive of Slavic Languages and, Thomas E. Rotnem, Ph.D. candi- Director, Center for Civil Society Literatures, State University of date, Department of Political International, Seattle. “U.S. New York, Albany. “Selected Science, Ohio State University. Development Assistance Correspondence of Sergei “The Politics of Employment in Programs Focused on the NIS.” Prokofiev.” June 1993. Yeltsin’s Russia.” December 1994. March–April 2000. Visiting Assistant Professor, John M. Rogers, Professor of Department of Humanities and Lyudmila Rychkova, Vice-Rector Law, University of Kentucky. Communication Arts, Brenau for Academic Affairs, Grodno “Comparative Administrative Law University. “The Politics of Labor State University, Belarus. “The in the U.S. and Kazakhstan.” in Post-Communist Russia: The Role of Professional Associations December 1995. Role of Tri-Lateral Institutions in in Preparing Leaders for Higher the Center and Periphery.” Education.” March–April 2004. Yaacov Roi, Director, Russian and June–July 1997. East European Research Center, Steven Sabol, Ph.D. candidate, Tel Aviv University. “Soviet Jewry: Richard H. Rowland, Assistant Department of History, Georgia Struggle and Dilemma.” May Professor of Geography, California State University. “Alash Orda and 1983. State College, San Bernardino. the Colonization of the Steppe: “Population Redistribution in Kazakh Intellectuals’ Reactions to Leon Romaniecki, Senior Russia and the USSR since 1897: the Socio-Economic Crises among Lecturer, Faculty of Law, Hebrew Migration and Urbanization.” June the Nomada, 1905–1920.” University of Jerusalem. “Soviet 1977. Professor of Geography, December 1995–January 1996. Perceptions of the American California State University. Associate Professor, Department of Military Challenge to Strategic “Population Geography of Russia History, University of North Parity.” August 1988. and the USSR.” June–July 1985. Carolina, Charlotte. “Kazak Resistance to Russian Colonization: Charlotte Rosenthal, Assistant Maria Rubins, Assistant Professor The Kenesary Kasymov Revolt, Professor of Russian Language of Russian Literature, Department 1837–47.” March 2001. 95

30 YEAR REPORT | SCHOLARS Theresa Sabonis-Chafe, Ph.D. Russia, 1914–1924.” October– “Branding the Exile as Other: candidate, Department of Political November 1991. “A Time of Corporal Punishment in the Science, Emory University. “Power Troubles: The United States and Russian Exile System, Politics: National Energy Strategies Russia, 1914–1924.” May–June 1828–1893.” November 1995. of the Nuclear Successor States.” 1995. “War, Revolution, and June–July 1997. Intervention: The United States Joanna Seddon, Lecturer in and Russia, 1914–1924.” History, Oxford and Manchester Michael Paul Sacks, Assistant July–August 1997. “Friend or Universities, U.K. “N. G. Professor of Sociology, Trinity Foe.” September 2000 and May Chernyshevskii and the Russian College. “The Influence of Age, 2001. Revolutionary Movement.” Sex, and Nationality on Labor September 1983. Force Composition: A James P. Scanlan, Professor of Comparative Study of the Soviet Philosophy, Ohio State University. Svetlana Grigorievna Semënova, Republics, 1939–1970.” August “Aspects of Current Soviet Writer, Scientific Worker, Gorky 1978. Aesthetic Theory.” August 1979. Institute of World Literature; Member, USSR Writers’ Union, Lennart Samuelson, Associate Bradley Schaffner, Head, Moscow. “Cosmological Research Fellow, Institute for University of Kansas Libraries, Conceptions in Soviet Russian Research in Economic History, Slavic Department. “Bibliography Literature.” October–November Stockholm School of Economics. of Russian-Language 1989. “Soviet and American Industrial Dictionaries.” March 1997. Mobilization prior to World War II: Jennifer Senick-Goldstein, Ph.D. A Comparative Analysis.” Alexander M. Schenker, candidate, Political Science June–July 1998. Professor, Department of Slavic Department, University of Linguistics, Yale University. “The California, Los Angeles. “Russian J. Thomas Sanders, Associate Monument to Peter the Great in Employment Relations: The Social Professor, Department of History, St. Petersburg.” March 1997. Contract Meets the Market.” April U.S. Naval Academy. “War in the 1996. Caucasus: Russian and Chechen Jutta Scherrer, Professor of Views.” June–July 1997. History, Centre National de la Alfred E. Senn, Professor of Récherche Scientifique, Paris, History, University of Wisconsin, Benedikt Mikhailovich Sarnov, France. “Socialism and Religion in Madison. “The Role of independent writer, Moscow. Russia: Debates and Conflicts Uncensored Publishing Abroad in “Russian Literature Abroad: O. among the Marxist Intelligentsia, the Russian Revolutionary Mandel’shtam and M. 1904–19l4.” October 1978. Movement.” July 1981. Zoshchenko.” February 1991. “Gorbachev’s Failure in David Schimmelpenninck van Lithuania.” May–June 1992. Leigh Sarty, Ph.D. candidate, der Oye, Assistant Professor, Political Science Department, History Department, Brock Hélène Seppain, NATO Research Columbia University. “Soviet University. “Russia’s Great Game: Fellow, Cambridge University. Policy toward Canada, The Politics and Strategy of “Contrasting Attitudes to Soviet 1945–1980.” June 1991. Central Asian Conquest, Trade (USA and the FRG), 1855–1881.” June–July 1999. 1969–1985.” David Satter, Special November–December 1987. Correspondent, Soviet Affairs, Siegfried Schoppe, Assistant Wall Street Journal, Paris. “The Professor of Economic Science, Maria Sevela, Ph.D. candidate, Internal Life of the Soviet Union.” University of Hamburg, Federal Japan Center, EHESS, Paris. November–December 1986. Republic of Germany. “The “Between Karafuto in Sakhalin: Evolution of the Structure of Remembering When Japan Norman E. Saul, Professor of Soviet Foreign Trade with the Became the USSR, 1945–48.” History, University of Kansas. West since 1953.” September January–February 2001. “Russian-American Relations in the 1977. l9th Century.” November 1977. Viktor Shabanov, Ph.D. candi- “Russian-American Relations, Abby M. Schrader, Ph.D. candidate, Saratov Institute of Rural 1890–1914.” October 1984. “The date, Department of History, Research, Russian Academy of 96 United States and a Changing University of Pennsylvania. Sciences. “Institutional Links

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER between Small- and Large-Scale Tehran Azad University. “Russian, Food Producers in the Russian American, and Iranian National Countryside.” April–May 1999. Interests in Central Asia.” I had a wonderful opportunity to use March–April 2002. Khosrow Shakeri, Iranian refugee; the outstanding resources Kennan Chargé de Conférences, École Vladimir Ivanovich Shishkin, Institute offers to visiting scholars to des Hautes Études en Sciences Department Chief, Soviet History, Sociales, Paris. “The Soviet Union Institute of History, Siberian conduct library research...During my and Iranian Communism, Division of the Russian Academy 1905–1985.” of Sciences, Novosibirsk. “Civil time at the Kennan Institute I had the November–December 1986. War in Russia.” June–July 1993. “opportunity to meet experts in my Gavriel Shapiro, Professor, Maxim D. Shrayer, Ph.D. candi- field, to make professional contacts Department of Russian, Cornell date, Department of Slavic University. “Nabokov and the Languages and Literatures, Yale for future collaboration, to develop Pictorial.” April–May 2002. University. “Vladimir Nabokov’s friendship with my colleagues from Short Stories of the Berlin Period, Jane A. Sharp, Assistant 1922–1937.” December 1993. the Institute and the Woodrow Professor, Department of Art Assistant Professor, Department of History and Archaeology, Slavic and Eastern Languages, Wilson Center as a whole, and to University of Maryland, College Boston College. “Vladimir gain new ideas for future projects. Park. “Natalia Goncharova and Nabokov and Ivan Bunin: Materials Her Circle: A Study in the at the Library of Congress.” Orientalism of the Russian Avant- Assistant Professor, Department of Bella Pak Garde.” May and June–July 1997. Russian and East European May 2004 Studies, Connecticut College. Thomas Sherlock, Ph.D. candi- May–June 1996. “Modern Russian date, Department of Political Writers Confront the Jewish Architecture between East and Science, Columbia University. Question.” June–July 1998. West.” November–December “Politics and History under 1992. Gorbachev.” February–March Anna Shternshis, Ph.D. candi- 1990. date, Department of Modern Katherine A.S. Sibley, Associate Languages, Oxford University. Professor, Department of History, Vakhtang Shevardnadze, “Jewish Popular Culture: St. Joseph’s University. “Before Assistant Professor of Law, Tbilisi 1917–41.” September 1999. the Cold War: Soviet Espionage State University. “Asylum Seekers against the American Military- and Refugees as Sources of Inter- David H. Shumaker, independent Industrial Technology and the U.S. State Tensions in the Caucasian scholar, Charlottesville, VA. Response, 1930–50.” July–August Region.” July–August 2004. “Gorbachev and German 2000. Unification: Moscow’s German Nobuo Shimotomai, Associate Policy, 1985–1990.” May 1994. Katherine A. S. Siegel, Assistant Professor of Political Science, Professor of History, St. Joseph’s Seikei University. “The Regional Leonid Shur, Department of Latin University. “American Intelligence Politico–Societal Process in the American Studies, Hebrew and Soviet Industrial Espionage Stalinist Period.” November 1984. University of Jerusalem. “Russian During the 1930s.” December Sources on American History of 1992–January 1993. Eiichi Shindo, Visiting Lecturer, the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Tokyo University of Foreign Centuries: Unpublished Materials Lewis H. Siegelbaum, Lecturer in Studies. “Soviet Policies toward of Russian Travellers in Alaska and History, LaTrobe University, the Far East: Japan during the California.” October–November Australia. “The Port Cities of Early Cold War Period.” July 1981. South Russia: An Economic and 1978. Social History to 1917.” January Dmitrii Olegovich Shvidkovskii, 1979. “Socialist Competition in Habibollah Abolhassan Shirazi, Associate Professor of the USSR: The Experience of the Director of Graduate Studies, Architectural History, Moscow Prewar Five Year Plans, Department of Political Science, Institute of Architecture. “Russian 1928–1941.” November 1981. 97

30 YEAR REPORT | SCHOLARS Julia Junzhi Sih, Visiting Scholar, Tamara Sivertseva, Project Management and the ‘Scientific- Russian Research Center, Harvard Director, Institute of Oriental Technological Revolutions’ in the University. “Development of Studies, Moscow. “The Quest for Soviet Union.” July 1980. Soviet Literature from 1917 to the National Indentity in the North Present.” March 1982. Senior Caucasus.” April 1998. Jenny Leigh Smith, Ph.D. candi- Research Fellow, Institute of date, Department of Science, Foreign Literature, Chinese Philip Curtis Skaggs, Ph.D. candi- Technology and Society, Academy of Social Sciences date, Department of History, Massachusetts Institute of Beijing, People’s Republic of University of Michigan. “The Technology. “Ground Control: China. “The Development of Menshevik Left in War and Soviet Agriculture at the Center Soviet Literature from 1917 to the Revolution, 1914–1918.” and Periphery, 1950–1972.” Present.” October–November July–August 1996. July–August 2004. 1985. Yuri Slezkine, Assistant Professor David Snelbecker, Iveta Silova, Ph.D. candidate, of History, Wake Forest University. Macroeconomic Policy Adviser, Teachers College and Harriman “Russia’s Small Peoples: Policies Harvard Institute for International Institute, Columbia University. and Attitudes towards the Native Development. “Fundamental “Soviet Education Policies for Northerners, Seventeenth Century Macroeconomic Causes of Barter National Minorities: The through 1938.” February 1991. and Arrears in Post-Soviet Emergence and Economies.” June 2000. Institutionalization of Separate John W. Slocum, Assistant Schooling Structures for Russian Professor, Department of Political Elena Soboleva, Professor, and Titular Nationalities in the Science, University of Oklahoma. Departments of Psychology and Soviet Republics.” “Regional Separatism and Foreign Language, Samara State October–November 2001. Sovereignty Claims within the Pedagogical University. “Ethnic Russian Federation.” June–July Stereotypes of Samara Residents Lev Semionovich Simkin, 1994. and the Samara Region Professor, Head of the Legal Residents.” January–February Faculty, Law Academy at the USSR Anatolii Mironovich Smel’ianskii, 1999. Ministry of Justice, Moscow. “The Professor of Theater History, Judiciary and Politics in a Law- Moscow Art Theater Studio Olga Soffer, Professor, Governed State.” May–June 1992. School. “The History of the Tour Department of Anthropology, of the Moscow Art Theater in the University of Illinois. “Women’s Gerhard Simon, Associate United States, 1922–1924.” Labor in the Slavic Past.” Professor, Federal Institute for January–February 1993. October–November 1998. Eastern and International Studies, Cologne. “Advances toward a William Viktorovich Smirnov, Andrei Sokolov, Assistant Social Doctrine within the Russian Head, Center for Political Science Professor of History, Moscow Orthodox Church from the 1860s Studies, Institute for State and State University. “An Analysis of to the 1920s.” Law, Russian Academy of Theoretical Concepts and November–December 1987. Sciences, Moscow. “Political Empirical Findings on U.S. Social, Participation of Russian Citizens.” Economic, and Political Seth Singelton, Professor of February–March 1994. Developments.” May 1977. Government, Pacific University. “Soviet Policies in Africa and Douglas C. Smith, Ph.D. candi- Tricia Starks, Ph.D. candidate, Asia.” June 1979. “Kazakhstan date, Department of History, Department of History, Ohio State and Russian-Kazakh-Asian University of California, Los University. “Learning to be Soviet: Relations.” January 1993. Angeles. “Working the Rough Hygiene Education in the 1920s.” Stone: Freemasonry and Society August 1999. Assistant Professor, Gino Sitran, Assistant to the in Eighteenth-Century Russia.” Department of History, University of Chairman, Department of Russian July–August 1996. Arkansas. “Cigarettes and Soviets: Language and Literature, A History of Tobacco Use in 20th University of Venice. “The Rise Gordon B. Smith, Assistant Century Russia.” August 2004. and Development of Russian Professor of Political Science, Prose from Peter the Great to University of South Carolina. S. Frederick Starr, Vice President 98 1830.” February–March 1983. “Problems of Labor Law and for Academic Affairs, Tulane

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER University, and former Secretary, Participation in a Transient Isaac Tarasulo, Professor of Kennan Institute. “Russian Art and Society: The Case of Georgia.” Political-Military Studies, U.S. Society, 1930–1978.” June 1980. May–June 2000. Army Russian Institute, Garmisch, Federal Republic of Germany. Vitalii Ivanovich Startsev, Willard Sunderland, Ph.D. candi- “The Officer Corps of the Soviet Professor of History, Chief, Russian date, Department of History, Army.” October–November 1986. History Department, Herzen Indiana University. “Colonization Russian Pedagogical University, in the Russian Empire, Kamran Taremi, Researcher and St. Petersburg. “Source 1801–1914.” July–August 1996. Lecturer, Faculty of Law and Investigation of the Documents of Associate Professor, Department Political Science, University of Edgar Sisson.” April–May 1994. of History, University of Cincinnati. Tehran, Iran. “U.S. Policy Towards “The Tsar’s Last Imperialist: The the Caspian Energy Basin.” Peter J. Stavrakis, Associate Outrageous Life of Baron von October 2003. Professor, Department of Political Ungern-Sternberg.” July–August Science, University of Vermont. 2004. William Taubman, Professor of “Russia and the Re-Composition Political Science, Amherst of Power.” January–February Gerald D. Surh, Associate College. “Khrushchev’s American 2001. Professor of History, North Policy.” March 1983. Carolina State University. Ihor Stebelsky, Professor and “Authority and the Revolt of the Richard Taylor, Lecturer in Soviet Head, Department of Geography, Underclass in St. Petersburg, Political Institutions, University University of Windsor, Canada. 1895–1914.” College of Swansea, England. “Food Consumption in the Soviet November–December 1989. “The Film Factory.” July 1982. Union: Patterns and Trends.” March-April 1983. Aleksei Viktorovich Surin, Mark Teeter, Visiting Professor, Director, Institute of Public Smolny Institute, St. Petersburg Paul Steeves, Professor of History, Administration and Social Studies, State University. “P.A. Dement’ev Stetson University. “Introduction Moscow State University. (Tverskoi) and the Late Romanov to an Annotated Translation of the “Educational Systems of the Amerikanisty.” January–February Orthodox Theological Work by U.S.A. and Russia for Public 2001. Stefan Kamen’very.” Administration: Theory and February–March 1986. Practice.” March–April 1997. Victor Terras, Professor Emeritus, Slavic Language and Literature John J. Stephan, Visiting Anne Swartz, Professor of Music, Department, Brown University. Professor, Department of History, Baruch College, City University of “The Art of Osip Mandelstam.” Stanford University. “The Russian New York. “Technological Muses: June–July 2003. Far East: A History.” January the Music Industry in Russia, 1987. 1820–1860.” January–February Rolf H. W. Theen, Professor of 1993. “Russian Music and the Political Science, Purdue Melissa Stockdale, Associate Conquest of Central Asia.” University. “The Jacobin Professor, Department of History, January 1999. Orientation in Russian Social University of Oklahoma. “‘A Hard Thought from the Decembrists to Country to Love’: Patriotism and Tadeusz Swietochowski, Lenin.” August 1976. National Identity in Russia’s Great Associate Professor of History, War.” March 2001. Monmouth College. “Russian Cheryl A. Thomas, independent Azerbaijan, 1905–1920: The Rise scholar, Stoughton, MA. “The Richard Stites, Assistant Professor of a Nation.” July 1979. Senior Factors Influencing the Resolution of History, Ohio State University. Fellow, Harriman Institute, of Center-Regional Disputes in a “Utopianism and Experimentation Columbia University. “Russia and Soviet Federal System in in the Russian Revolution, a Divided Azerbaijan.” June 1988. Transition.” April 1991. 1917–1936.” December 1976–January 1977. Mary Grace Swift, Professor of Robert W. Thurston, Visiting History, Loyola University, New Assistant Professor, University of Nana Sumbadze, Lecturer, Orleans. “Women’s Monasticism Vermont. “Urban Problems and Department of Social Psychology, in the Soviet Union.” July 1987. Local Government in Late Imperial Tbilisi State University. “Political Russian Moscow, 1906–1914.” 99

30 YEAR REPORT | SCHOLARS Elena Aleksandrovna Tiurina, Ernest S. Tucker, Associate Director, Russian State Archive of Professor, Department of History, Economy, Moscow. “The Russian U.S. Naval Academy. “War in the Economic School in America, Caucasus: Russian and Chechen 1920s.” September–October Views.” June–July 1997. 1993. Alexander N. Tumanov, Yasushi Toda, Associate Professor Associate Professor of Russian, of Economics, University of University of Alberta, Edmonton. Florida. “The Northern Pacific “Correspondence of Literary Text Fishery: A Case Study of Soviet- and Musical Phraseology in Dmitri Japanese Economic Relations.” Shostakovich’s Opera The Nose July 1986. and Nikolai Gogol’s Fantastic Tale.” May–June 1993. Dariusz Tolczyk, Assistant Professor of Russian Language Patrick Michael Turner, Lecturer, and Literature, Dickinson College. Department of Political Science “See No Evil: Literary Cover-Ups and International Studies, and Discoveries of the Soviet Washington College. “The Camp Experience.” December Political Inclusion of Russian 1994–January 1995. Illiberal Parties.” August 1996.

Andrei Mikhailovich Akbar Tursunov, Deputy Director, Tomashevskii, Research Institute of World Economy and Coordinator, All-Union Research International Relations, Academy Institute of the Arts, Ministry of of Sciences, Dushanbe. “The Culture, USSR Academy of Islamic Movement in Central Sciences, Moscow. “Russian Asia.” September–October 1995. Emigré Theater Specialists in America, 1920–1950.” Judyth L. Twigg, Ph.D. candidate, October–November 1991. Defense and Arms Control Program, Massachusetts Institute Arkady Toritsin, Ph.D. candidate, of Technology. “The Sources of Department of Political Science, Military-Technical Innovation: The Rutgers University. “Political U.S., USSR, and Japan.” October Ulan-Ude. Cathedral of the Hodegetria Icon of the Economy and Foreign Policy in 1990. Virgin. (Photo: William Brumfield) the Post-Soviet Successor States.” March–April 1999. Maria S. Tysiachniouk, Chair, May–June 1981. Associate Department of Environmental Professor of History, Miami Frederick F. Travis, Assistant Sociology, Center for University, Ohio. “The Impact of Professor of History, Fordham Independent Social Research, St. the USSR’s ‘Great Terror’ on Soviet University. “George Kennan and Petersburg. “Is the Russian State Society, 1935–1941.” July 1991. Russia, 1865–1905.” January 1980. Duma Ready to Accept the Georgist Land Code?” June 1998. Larissa Titarenko, Professor, Margaret A. Trott, Ph.D. candi- Department of Sociology, Belarus date, Department of History, Frank Umbach, Ph.D. candidate, State University, Minsk. “The University of Virginia. “Soviet Political Science, Federal Institute HIV/AIDS Challenge to the Future Medicine and Western Medical for East European and International of Belarus, Russia, and Ukraine.” Charity in Russia, 1917–1927.” Affairs, Cologne. “The Dissolution April–May 2004. February 1993. of the Warsaw Pact and the Political-Military Implications for Irwin R. Titunik, Professor of Joanna Trzeziak, Ph.D. candidate, European Security.” Slavic Languages and Literatures, Department of Slavic Languages October–November 1993. University of Michigan. “V. K. and Literatures, University of Trediakovskii and Russian Chicago. “Self-Translations of Andreas Umland, Visiting Scholar, 100 Humanism.” February 1987. Vladimir Nabokov.” July 2002. Hoover Institution. “Varieties of

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER Russian Fascism.” December V. Stanley Vardys, Professor of November 1979. 1998. Political Science, University of Oklahoma. “The Relationship Lynn Visson, Interpreter, United Lyoma Usmanov, Chairman, U.S.- between Political Development Nations. “Russian–English Chechen Republic Alliance, Inc. and Nationality Policy in the Simultaneous Interpretation: A “Documents on Russian-Chechen USSR.” October 1982. Reference Text.” January 1989. Relations.” September 2000. Serhiy Varlamov, Attorney, Evgenii Grigorievich Vodichev, Pëtr Vaganov, Professor, Kharkiv City Public Organization Senior Research Fellow, Institute Department of Ecogeology, “EcoPravo-Kharkiv,” Ukraine. of History, Siberian Department, University of St. Petersburg. “An “Greening Democracy: Public Russian Academy of Sciences, Approach to Promote Safety Environmental Rights in Ukraine Novosibirsk. “Soviet Science in Culture in Risky Technologies in and the U.S.” March–April 2004. Transforming Society: Science Russia.” November–December Policy under Khrushchev and 2000. Patrick Vaughan, Ph.D. candi- Gorbachev.” March–April 1993. date, Department of History, West Stasys Vaitekunas, Professor of Virginia University. “The Political Olga Dmitrievna Volkogonova, Geography and Director, and Academic Career of Zbigniew Associate Professor, Department Department of Economic History Brzezinski.” September–October of Philosophy and Methodology and Geography, Vilnius University. 2003. of Science, Moscow State “The Territorial (Spatial) University. “Image of Russia in the Organization of Society: Views from Sergiu Verona, Consultant, Soviet Philosophy of Russian Emigre East and West.” October 1990. and East European Affairs, Chevy Thinkers.” November–December Chase, MD. “Soviet Arms Control 1997. Elizabeth Kridl Valkenier, Resident Policy in the Early 1960s.” Scholar, Harriman Institute, July–August 1987. Peter M. E. Volten, Advisor, Columbia University. “Soviet Ministry of Defense, the Hague. Interpretations of Polish History.” Ilya Vinkovetsky, Ph.D. candidate, “Soviet Foreign Policy Towards November–December 1991. Department of History, University the West since the 24th CPSU of California, Berkeley. “Russian Congress.” September-October Donald Van Atta, Assistant Colonization of the Northwest 1976. Assistant Professor of Professor of Government, Coast of North America, International Relations, Free Hamilton College. “Transmission 1803–1867.” May–June 1994. University of Amsterdam. “The Failure: Campaigns to Reorganize Soviet Peace Program and Its Agricultural Production Brigades Eugene Vinogradoff, Professor of Implementation in the West.” in the Soviet Union.” July–August History, University of Pittsburgh. November 1978. 1986. “Growing up in Moscow: Childrearing and Education in the James Von Geldern, Assistant Stacy VanDeveer, Research USSR.” August 1978. Professor of Russian Language, Fellow, Science, Technology, and Macalester College. “An Public Policy Janice Vinogradoff, Professor of Anthology of Russian and Soviet Program/International Security Educational and Developmental Mass Culture.” November 1991. Program, Belfer Center for Science Psychology, University of and International Affairs, John F. Pittsburgh. “Growing up in Mark I. Von Hagen, Assistant Kennedy School of Government, Moscow: Childrearing and Professor of History, Columbia Harvard University. “Building State Education in the USSR.” August University. “School of the Capacity to Management 1978. Revolution: Bolsheviks and Radioactive Materials.” November Peasants in the Red Army.” 1998, March 1999. Aaron Vinokur, Lecturer in May–June 1985. Sociology, University of Haifa, Peter Vanneman, Associate Israel. “Household Economic Iurii A. Voronin, Professor, Urals Professor of Political Science, Behavior of the Urban Population State Legal Academy, University of Arkansas. “The of the Soviet Union.” September Ekaterinburg. “The Impact of Soviet Leadership’s Strategy in 1977. Professor of Sociology, Russian Organized Crime on the Southern Africa.” December University of Haifa, Israel. “Soviet U.S.A.” November 2000. “The 1976–January 1977. Urban Families in the Seventies.” U.S. Experience of Combating 101

30 YEAR REPORT | SCHOLARS Terrorism and the Possibilities of a Multicultural City, 1795-2000.” Robert Chadwell Williams, Dean its Application to the Russian July–August 2003. of Faculty and Professor of History, Reality.” April 2003–May 2003. Davidson College, North Carolina. Eli Weinerman, Ph.D. candidate, “The Russian Revolution and the Aleksandr Arkadievich Department of History, Indiana End of Time.” September 1992. Vysokovskii, Head, Urban University. “Russian Nationalism Environment Research and the Nationality Question in Andrew Kier Wise, independent Department, All-Union Research the Russian Empire, 1907–1911.” scholar, Crozet, VA. “The Kadets Institute for Theory of Architecture August 1992. and the Nationalities Question.” and Urban Planning, Moscow. April 1997. “The Image of the New City Kenneth Weisbrode, Ph.D. candi- Environment in Soviet Culture, date, Department of History, Elizabeth Wishnick, Postdoctoral Late 1950s and Early 1960s.” Harvard University. “Eastern Fellow, Hoover Institution, Stanford September 1992. Europe Division of State University. “Mending Fences with Department’s Bureau of European China: The Evolution of Moscow’s Rex Wade, Acting Dean, College Affairs: The Role of (EUR) in China Policy, 1969–1991.” of Arts and Sciences, University of Foreign Policy in the 20th December 1992–January 1993. Hawaii, Manoa. “Lower-Level Century.” July–August 2004. Leadership in the Russian Erika Wolf, Ph.D. candidate, Revolution.” June 1983. Neil B. Weissman, Associate History of Art, University of Professor of History, Dickinson Michigan. “SSSR na Stroike: From Robert D. Warth, Professor of College. “Soviet Government in Avant-Garde to Socialist Realist History, University of North the 1920s.” May 1984. Aesthetics.” July–August 1997. Carolina, Chapel Hill. “A Comprehensive Biography of Marie A. Westbrook, President, Richard Wortman, Professor of Nicholas II.” July–August 1980. Triangle Development Specialist, History, Princeton University. Charlottesville and Affiliated “Ceremonials and Symbolism of Andreas Wass von Czege, Faculty Member, Center for the Russian Autocracy, Assistant Professor of Economics, Russian, Eastern European, and 1825–1914.” June 1979. University of Hamburg, Federal NIS Studies, University of Republic of Germany. Virginia. “Coalition for Effective Vladimir Yakubovsky, Senior “Identification of Specific Schooling: Russian/American Fellow, Institute of Far Eastern Organizational Conditions of Cooperative Project.” Studies, Russian Academy of Soviet Foreign Trade with the March–April 1994. Consultant, Sciences, Moscow. “Growing West.” October 1979. TDS Consultants. “Catalog of Multiculturalism in Asia: The Education Initiatives in the NIS.” Russian Dimension.” Frank Wcislo, Professor of History, September 1997. November–December 2003. Vanderbilt University. “Bureaucratic Reform and Political S. G. Wheatcroft, Research Zhong Yang, Ph.D. candidate, Culture in Late Imperial Russia.” Fellow, Centre for Russian and Department of Political Science, July–August 1985. East European Studies, University University of Kentucky. “Civil- of Birmingham, U.K. “Soviet Military Relations in Changing Theodore R. Weeks, Assistant Economic History in the 1930s.” Communist Societies: A Professor, Department of History, April 1981. Comparison of the Soviet Union Southern Illinois University, and the People’s Republic of Carbondale. “The Politics of Cynthia Whittaker, Professor of China.” May–June 1990. Cultural Awakening: Non-Russians History, Baruch College, City in the Russian Empire, University of New York. “History of Alexander Yanov, Visiting 1897–1917.” May–June 1996. Conservative Thought in Imperial Professor of Political Science, Associate Professor, Department Russia.” January 1986. University of California, Berkeley. of History, Southern Illinois “A History of Russian Political University, Carbondale. “M.N. Andrew J. Williams, Lecturer in Opposition.” June 1977. Murav’ev and the Representation International Relations, University of Russian Nationalism.” of Kent at Canterbury, U.K. “The Boris (Dov) Yaroshevski, Senior December 1998–January 1999. Politics of East-West Trade.” Research Fellow, Russian and East 102 “Vilnius-Vilne-Wilno: Biography of October 1990. European Center, Tel Aviv

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER University. “Customary Law in the International Studies, University of Igor Aleksandrovich Zevelëv, Eyes of Russian Colonial Officials, Washington. “Violence, Rural Head, Department for Foreign 1820–1917.” December Society, and Russian Political Policy and External Relations with 1987–January 1988. Senior Culture, 1890–1941.” July and Developing Countries, Institute of Research Associate, The October 1999. World Economy and International Cummings Center for Russian Relations, Moscow. “Human Studies, Tel Aviv University, Israel. Denise J. Youngblood, Assistant Rights in the Relations between “Shaping the Civil Rights of Professor of History, University of Russia and Other Successor States Muslims in Legal Codes of Late Vermont. “Russian Popular of the Former Soviet Union.” Imperial Russia, 1894–1903.” Culture and Society during the April–May 1994. August–September 1996. Silver Age and the Great War.” August 1994. Mark Zhuravel, Visiting Professor Victor J. Yasmann, Senior Fellow, and Scholar, Department of American Foreign Policy Council. Alexei Yurchak, Assistant Professor, Economics and Urban “Russian Security Laws and Their Department of Anthropology, Transportation Center, University International Implications.” University of California, Berkeley. of Illinois, Chicago. “Siberian August 1998. “The Cynical Reason of Late Development in the Russian Socialism: Language, Ideology, and Economic and Political Tova Yedlin, Associate Professor, Culture of the Last Soviet Environment.” May–June 1994. University of Alberta, Canada. “A Generation.” January–March 2001. Political Biography of Maxim Charles E. Ziegler, Assistant Gorky.” April–May 1981. Larisa Georgievna Zakharova, Professor of Political Science, Professor, Department of History University of Louisville. “Worker Ihor Yehorov, Senior Researcher, of the USSR, Moscow State Discontent and Worker Dobrov Center for Science and University. “U.S.-Russian Relations Participation in the Soviet Union.” Technology Potential and Science and the Great Reforms of the March 1982. History Studies, Ukraine National 1860s.” June–July 1989. “The Academy of Sciences, Kyiv. Reforms of Alexander II and “Transformation of the R&D Counter-Reforms of Alexander System in the U.S. and the III.” January–February 1991. Possibility of Application of American Experience in Ukraine.” Taras D. Zakydalsky, Lecturer, May–June 2004. Ursinus College. “N. F. Fëdorov’s Influence on Soviet Scientists and Valery Yevarouski, Senior Technocrats.” July 1978. Research Fellow, Department of the History of Philosophy, Institute Irina Zinovievna Zarinskaya, of Philosophy, National Academy Researcher, Department of Theory of Sciences of Belarus. “Homo of Architecture and Design, Soveticus Alba Ruthenium: The Sverdlovsk Architectural Institute. Mental Transition in the Time of “Cultural Marginality in Soviet Perestroika.” September 2000. Cities.” March–April 1991.

Yuri Yevdokimov, Department of Aleksandr Zaslavsky, doctoral Economics, University of candidate, Nuffield College, Manitoba. “Social Costs of Large Oxford University. “The Use of Environmental Impacts.” History in Russian Foreign and Kiakhta. Trinity Cathedral. (Photo: William Brumfield) July–August 1996. Security Policy Decision-Making since 1991.” May–June 2000. Glennys Young, Lecturer, Nadia Zilper, Slavic and East Department of Philosophy, Nicholas G. Zekulin, Professor of European Bibliographer, Stanford University. “Rural Russian, Department of Germanic, University of North Carolina, Religion and Soviet Power, Slavic, and East Asian Studies, Chapel Hill. “A History of U.S.- 1921–1928.” June–July 1992. University of Calgary, Alberta. Soviet Exchanges of Research Associate Professor, Department “P.V. Annenkov’s Correspondence Materials, 1900 to the Present.” of History, Jackson School of with I. S. Turgenev.” April 1997. June–July 1985. 103

30 YEAR REPORT | SCHOLARS Margaret C. Ziolkowski, Visiting Nikolai Vasil’evich Zlobin, Assistant Professor, University of Professor of Political History and Vermont. “Hagiography and Department Vice Chairman, Modern Russian Literature.” Moscow State University. May–June 1981. “Influence of American Public Opinion on Soviet Foreign Policy and Domestic Politics.” December 1991–January 1992.

Kiakhta. Merchants Court and Customs Central Eurasian Short-Term Grants House. (Photo: William Brumfield)

Kamoludin Abdullaev, Associate Liana Jervalidze, Advisor to the Novgorod. “Black Sea Professor, Department of History, Business Associate Expert, Sibley Regionalism: Integration, Security, Tajik State University, Dushanbe. International Enterprise Support Transboarder Communication.” “A Historical Perspective of the Project, Tbilisi. “The Effect of June 2003. Current Conflict in Tajikistan.” Caspian Energy Politics on March 2000. Political Development in the Olha Nosova, Associate Region.” December 2001. Professor, Department of Tatiana Ershova, Deputy Rector, Economics, Kharkiv State Rostov State University. “The Nazokat Kasymova, Associate Politechnical University. Necessity of the Democratization Professor, Department of “Transformational Recession and of Russian Economy.” December International Economic Preconditions of Economic 2000. Development, Tashkent State Growth in Russia.” September Economic University. “The 2000. Olga Filippova, Associate Strategy of Big Powers in the Processor, Department of Central Asian Region: The U.S. Natalia Novikova, Assistant Sociology, Kharkiv State and Russia.” September 2001. Professor, Department of World University. “Forming Collective History, Yaroslavl’ State Identity: Citizenship, National Olga Klyushkina, Research Pedagogical University. “Historical Self-Image, and Ethnic Groups in Fellow, Gender Integration Portraits of the Liberal Feminists in Ukraine.” December 2000. Department, Moscow Center for Pre-Revolutionary Russia.” Gender Studies. “Young Women’s September 2000. Tatiana Garmaeva, Scientific Positions in the New Russian Secretary, Baikal Institute of Sector of the Economy.” March Viktor Pasysnychenko, Associate Environmental Management, 2001. Professor, Kharkiv State Russian Academy of Sciences, Pedogogical University. “A Case Ulan-Ude. “Regional Gennadii Kocheshkov, Chair of Study of the Third Sector in the Development in the Former the Department of History, North Eastern Region of Ukraine.” Soviet Union.” March 2000. Yaroslavl’ State Pedagogical March 2000. University. “State Policy: Relations Iulia Gradskova, Research Fellow, between the Center and the Elena Smilianskaya, Lecturer, Moscow Center for Gender Regions of Russia in 1917.” Department of History, Russian Studies, Moscow State University. January 2000. Academy of Sciences, Moscow. “Woman’s Corporal Subjectivity in “Popular Christianity in Russia: A Soviet and Post-Soviet Space.” Boris Lanine, Head of Literary Comparative Approach.” March September 2002. Studies, Russian Academy of 2001. Education, Moscow. “Symbols of Ildus Ilishev, Senior Researcher, Power in Russia and New Viktoria Sukovata, Associate Institute of History, Language, and Independent State.” June 2003. Professor, Department of the Literature, Ufa, Bashkortostan. Theory of Culture and Philosophy “Ethno-Territorial Federalism in Andrei Makarychev, Director, of Science, Kharkiv National Post-Yeltsin Russia.” March 2000. Center for Socio-Political and University. “Women’s Political and 104 International Studies, Nizhnii Civil Leadership.” December 2001.

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER Irina Tochitskaya, Senior Research University. “The Economics of the Structure in the Russian Far East.” Fellow, Department of Economics, Health Care System in Market September 2000. Belarusian National Academy of Conditions.” March 2001. Sciences, Minsk. “Joining the Olena Yatsunska, Associate Customs Union with the CIS Tamara Troyakova, Senior Professor, Department of Social Countries: The Case of Belarus.” Researcher, Institute of History, and Political Science, Mykolayiv March 2001 Archeology, and Ethnography of Branch of Odesa National the Peoples of the Far East, Far University. “The Role of Political Tamara Tonoyan, Health Sector Eastern Branch, Russian Academy Parties on the Development of Reform Analyst, Department of of Sciences, Vladivostok. Local Government in Ukraine.” Social Work, Yerevan State “Development of a New Power June 2003.

Regional and Municipal Governance Program

Maria Nikolaevna Buzadzhi, Marina Nikolaevna Iulia Ivanova Shadrina, Specialist, Legal Counsel, Kirov District Korobienikova, Leading Expert, Control-Inspection Division, City Administration, City of Yaroslavl’. Department of Investment, City of of Yaroslavl’. March–May 1994. March–May 1994. Vladimir. March–May 1994. Vera Aleksandrovna Shamota, Leonid Genrikhovich Iogman, Iurii Evgenievich Mel’nikov, Manager, Department of Department of Foreign Chief, Department of Foreign Research, Regulation, External Investment, City of Cherepovets. Economic Relations, Kostroma Economic Relations, and Tourism, March–May 1994. Region. March–May 1994. Vladimir Region. March–May 1994. Aleksandr Arkadievich Kiselëv, Mikhail Nikolaevich Pashkov, Staff Member, Department of Administrator, Department of Anna Valerievna Ushakova, Head International Relations, City of International Relations, City of Legal Specialist, Department of Yaroslavl’. March–May 1994. Ivanovo. March–May 1994. Public Administration, City of Yaroslavl’. March–May 1994.

IREX Regional Exchange Scholars

Reginald Dekanozov, Associate Roman Yakovlevich Kritsberg, Professor of Law, Institute of State Docent, Department of Foreign and Law, Georgian Academy of Languages, Krivoi Rog Sciences, Tbilisi. “Legal Pedagogical Institute, Ukraine. Regulation in International “Speaking American English.” Territories in Common Use.” April September 1995. 1996. Alla Scvortsova, Senior Manana Gnolidze, Associate Researcher, Institute of National Professor of History, Institute of Minorities, Moldovan Academy of Oriental Studies, Georgian Sciences, Chisinau. “National Academy of Sciences, Tbilisi. “The Minorities in Moldova.” April Activity of American Missions in 1996. the Middle East and Their Role in Asian Modernization (1813–1914).” April 1996. Kiakhta. Lushnikov house. (Photo: William Brumfield)

105

30 YEAR REPORT | SCHOLARS Fellows and Guest Scholars in Other Woodrow Wilson Center Programs

Aleksei Georgievich Arbatov, Studies Group, Naval War 1953–1955.” February–June Senior Researcher and Head, College. “A Strategy for United 1994. Guest Scholar, Cold War Department for Disarmament States Foreign Policy in the International History Project. Studies, Institute of World 1990s.” May–August 1990. Guest Economy and International Scholar, Division of International Marc Ferro, Directeur d’Études, Relations, and Arms Control Studies. École Pratique des Hautes Études, Advisor, USSR Ministry for Foreign Paris. “Comparative Study of Affairs, Moscow. “The Bertram S. Brown, Former Soviet and American Society dur- Relationship between Offense and Director, National Institute of ing World War II.” March–July Defense in Strategic Arms.” Mental Health, Washington, D.C. 1975. Fellow, International April–July 1991. Guest Scholar, “A Study and Analysis of the U.S.- Security Studies Program. Division of International Studies. USSR Exchange in Psychiatry.” May 1978–March 1979. Guest Aleksandr Aleksandrovich Vladimir Batiuk, Senior Research Scholar, International Security Fursenko, Senior Research Fellow, Fellow, Institute of the U.S.A. and Studies Program. Institute of History, USSR Canada, Moscow. “USSR and the Academy of Sciences, Leningrad. Baruch Plan.” January–May 1993. Petrus Buwalda, Former “The War of Independence and Guest Scholar, Cold War Ambassador of the Netherlands the Formation of the United International History Project. to the Soviet Union. “Jewish States of America.” Emigration from the Soviet Union September–November 1976. György Bence, Chair, Department during the Representation of Fellow, History, Culture, and of Philosophy, Budapest University. Israeli Interests by the Society Program. “The Fallacies of Studying Soviet- Netherlands, 1967–1990.” Style Systems: Why Did We Fail to September–December 1993. John Lewis Gaddis, Distinguished See the Moment of Failure Coming Guest Scholar, West European Professor of History, Ohio in Eastern Europe?” September Studies. University. “George F. Kennan: A 1992–August 1993. Fellow, East Biography.” October European Studies. Michael Confino, Samuel Rubin 1995–August 1996. Fellow, Professor of Russian and East Division of International Studies. David S. Bernstein, Policy European History, Tel Aviv Analyst, Bureau of Democracy, University. “The Historian’s Craft Il’ia Gaiduk, Researcher, Institute Human Rights, and Labor, and Historical Consciousness in of World History, Russian Department of State. Contemporary Culture and Academy of Sciences, Moscow. “Developing the Rule of Law in Society.” October 1991–July “Decision Processes in the Early Emerging Democracies: The Role 1992. Fellow, History, Culture, and Period of the Cold War: A of U.S. Foreign Policy and Foreign Society Program. Comparative Study.” January–July Assistance.” June–November 1993. Guest Scholar, Cold War 1997. Guest Scholar, Division of Anthony H. Cordesman, Director, International History Project. International Studies. Policy and Planning, U.S. Department of Energy. “U.S. and Vyacheslav Leonidovich Ivan Bicanic, Professor of Soviet Military Strength: A Glazychev, Professor, Moscow Macroeconomics and Economic Strategic and Regional Net Architectural Institute and History, University of Zagreb. “The Assessment.” January President, European Academy of Economic Causes and 1981–January 1982. Fellow, the Urban Environment, Moscow Consequences of State Formation International Security Studies Branch. “The Neighborhood during the Transition to Post- Program. Community and the Municipal Socialist Development.” Policies in the Metropolitan Area.” September 1993–August 1994. Andrei Borisovich Edemskii, July–August 1994. Guest Scholar, Fellow, East European Studies. Researcher, Institute of Slavic and Comparative Urban Studies Series. Balkan Studies, Russian Academy Marshall Brement, Director, Chief of Sciences, Moscow. “Soviet Galia Golan, Professor of Soviet 106 of Naval Operations Strategic Policy in Eastern Europe, and East European Studies,

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER Kiakhta. Lushnikov house. (Photo: William Brumfield)

Hebrew University of Jerusalem. in Europe since 1945.” 2005. Fellow, East European “Soviet Security Proposals for the September–October 1981. Guest Studies. Arab-Israeli Conflict.” Scholar, International Security June–August 1991. Fellow, Studies Program. Robert Hutchings, Special Division of International Studies. Advisor for East European Paul Bernard Henze, former Staff Assistance, U.S. Department of Leonid Iakovlevich Gozman, Member, National Security State. “End of the Cold War: Associate Professor of Social Council, Washington, D.C. American Diplomacy and Europe’s Psychology, Moscow State “Superpower Rivalry in the Horn Revolutions of 1989–1991.” May University. “The Psychology of of Africa in the Context of the 1993–February 1994. Fellow, East Democratization in Russia: The Regional Strife of the Past Two European Studies. Developing Dialogue between Decades.” February–August 1982. People and Government.” Fellow, International Security Rasma Karklins, Associate June–July 1993. Guest Scholar, Studies Program. Professor of Political Science, Governance Series. University of Illinois, Chicago David J. Holloway, Lecturer, Circle. “Ethnic Politics and the Robert Hansen, Chief of the Department of Politics, University Transition to Democracy: Regional Analysis Division, of Edinburgh, Scotland. “Soviet USSR/Russia/Latvia.” July 1992. Bureau of Intelligence and Nuclear Weapons Policy Guest Scholar, Ethnicity Series. Research, U.S. Department of 1945–1960.” September State. “The Effectiveness of 1978–August 1979. Fellow, George F. Kennan, Professor European Security Institutions in International Security Studies Emeritus, Institute for Advanced Managing Ethnic Conflicts.” Program. Study, Princeton University, and July–August 1994. Guest former U.S. Ambassador to the Scholar, Division of International Philip Hopmann, Professor of USSR and Yugoslavia. “Origins of Studies. Political Science and Director, World War I with Special Program on Global Security, Reference to the Franco-Russian Pierre Hassner, Senior Research Watson Institute for International Alliance of 1894.” October Associate, National Institute of Studies, Brown University. “The 1974–March 1975 and Political Science, Paris. “From OSCE and U.S. Foreign Policy: September–December 1975. Cold War to Hot Peace: The Promoting Regional Security in Fellow, International Studies Evolution of East-West Relations Eurasia.” September 2004–June Program. 107

30 YEAR REPORT | SCHOLARS Hak-Joon Kim, Professor of David A. Lipton, Senior Fellow, World History, United States Political Science, Dankook World Institute for Development Department, Russian Academy of University, Seoul, and former Economics Research, Helsinki. Sciences, Moscow. “American and Chief Press Secretary to the “Poland’s Economic Soviet Public Opinion Regarding: President of Korea. “Policies of Transformation after Three Years.” U.S.-Soviet Relations, 1946–1953.” the Former Soviet Union and September 1992–June 1993. February–May 1994. Guest Scholar, China toward North Korea, Fellow, East European Studies. Cold War International History 1945–1950.” August Project. 1993–January 1994. Guest Yurii Nikolaevich Listvinov, Scholar, Asia Program. Senior Research Fellow, Institute Edward L. Rowny, Lieutenant of World Economy and General (Retired), U.S. Army. “A Ernst W. Kux, Foreign Editor and International Relations, Moscow. Comparative Analysis of U.S. and Specialist for Communist Affairs “The Military-Technological Soviet Negotiating Tactics and (retired), Neue Zürcher Zeitung, Revolution and International Techniques.” September Zurich, and Professor Emeritus of Relations.” June–August 1972. 1979–February 1981. Fellow, Political Science, University of St. Guest Scholar, International International Security Studies Gallen, Switzerland. “The Studies Program. Program. Revolution in Communist Systems.” September Igor Lukes, University Professor Gilbert Rozman, Musgrave 1991–August 1992. Fellow, and Professor of History and Professor of Sociology, Princeton Division of International Studies. International Relations, Boston University. “The Northeast Asian University. “The American Region: Localism, Great Power Jean L. Laloy, Member, Diplomats in Prague, 1945–53: Nationalism, and Regionalism in Diplomatic Service of France U.S.-Soviet Competition at the China, Japan, and Russia.” (retired); Professor, Institut d’É- Beginning of the Cold War.” September 1996–May 1997. tudes Politiques, Paris. “Stalin and September 2004–June 2005. Fellow, Asia Program. Europe: Policy Objectives at the Fellow, East European Studies. End of World War II.” January Evgeny Sergeevich Shershnev, 1979–February 1979. Guest Yurii Mikhailovich Mel’nikov, Deputy Director, Institute of the Scholar, International Security Professor of History, Diplomatic USA and Canada, USSR Academy Studies Program. Academy of the USSR Foreign of Sciences, Moscow. “U.S.–Soviet Ministry, Moscow. “The ‘Freezing’ Economic Relations.” Eric Laurent, Foreign Policy of Soviet-American Relations in October–November 1973. Guest Editorialist, Radio France, Paris. 1976–1978.” November Scholar, International Studies “Merchants of Peace: Economic 1978–January 1979. Guest Program. Relations between the United Scholar, International Security States and the Soviet Union in the Studies Program. Viktor Shnirel’man, Leading Era of Détente.” August–October Researcher, Institute of Ethnology 1984. Guest Scholar, International Emil Abramovich Payin, Director, and Anthropology, Moscow. Security Studies Program. Center for Ethno-Political Studies, “Fighting for the Past: Foreign Policy Association, Ethnogenetic Studies and Gary Lee, Foreign Correspondent Moscow. “Societal Self-Regulation Ethnopolitics.” July–August 1994. and former Moscow Bureau Chief, Mechanism of Potential Ethnic Guest Scholar, Ethnicity Series. Washington Post. “American and Political Conflicts: A Case Journalists in the Soviet Union in Study of Russia.” June–August Sergei Vladimirovich Tagor, the Period of Gorbachev’s Reform.” 1993. Guest Scholar, Ethnicity Senior Research Fellow in Political October–December 1989. Guest Series. Science, Institute of Latin Scholar, Media Studies Project. America, USSR Academy of Andrejs Plakans, Professor of Sciences, Moscow. “Soviet-Latin Huichuan Li, Senior Research History, Iowa State University. American Relations in the Era of Fellow, Institute of International “Latvia in the Perestroika Period.” Perestroika.” August–October Studies, Beijing. “The Tripartite September–December 1992. 1990. Guest Scholar, Latin Relations of the United States, the Fellow, East European Studies. American Program. USSR, and China.” October–December 1984. Guest Vladimir Vladimirovich Pozniakov, Hugh Thomas, historian and 108 Scholar, Asia Program. Senior Research Fellow, Institute of writer, London. “A Re-examination

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER of the Issues Leading to the Cold Emergence of a New Stratum— 1994–March 1995. Fellow, War, 1945–46.” November 1986. Ethnocracy.” July–August 1994. Division of International Studies. Guest Scholar, International Guest Scholar, Ethnicity Series. Security Studies Program. Zhang Xiaoming, Resident Carl Friedrich von Weizsakker, Scholar, Institute of International Jiri Valenta, Coordinator of Soviet Director, Max Planck Institute for Relations, People’s Republic of and East European Studies, Naval Research on the Conditions of China, Beijing. “Sino-Soviet Postgraduate School, Monterey. Modern Technological Society, Alliance and the Militarization of “Soviet Intervention in Eastern Starnberg, Federal Republic of the Cold War.” January–May Europe, Afghanistan, and the Germany. “The Soviet-American 1994. Guest Scholar, Cold War Caribbean Basin.” Strategic Balance: Foundation International History Project. May–December 1983. Fellow, for European Security.” January International Security Studies 1980. Guest Scholar, Zhang Xichang, Chinese Institute Program. International Security Studies of International Studies, and for- Program. mer Political Affairs Counselor, Vladimir Volkov, Director, Embassy of the People’s Republic Institute of Slavic and Balkan Hans-Georg Wieck, former of China, Paris. “U.S.-Soviet Studies, Russian Academy of German Ambassador to the Détente and Western Europe.” Sciences, Moscow. “Social Soviet Union. “Change and September 1989–August 1990. Anatomy of Neonationalism in Continuity in the former Soviet Fellow, Asia Program. Post-Communist Society: The Union, China, and India.” October

109

30 YEAR REPORT | SCHOLARS CENTERS FOR ADVANCED STUDY AND EDUCATION

In 1998, Carnegie Corporation of New York, with the support of the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation, invited the Kennan Institute’s Blair A. Ruble and Nancy Popson, together with Susan Bronson, formerly of the Social Science Research Council, to pre- pare a study about how best to protect the welfare of the intelligentsia of the former Soviet Union, especially in its regional universities. Their report in 1999, entitled The Humanities and Social Sciences in the Former Soviet Union: An Assessment of Need, formed the basis for a partnership between Carnegie Corporation, the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation, MacArthur Foundation, and the Open Society Institute that led to the establishment of Russian Centers for Advanced Study and Education (CASEs) in 2000. Higher education in Russia has faced a number of problems in the post-Soviet period, but one of the most serious has been the absence of national and international networks uniting both institutions and individual scholars. The goal of the CASE program is to develop an “invisible university” that would foster these networks in the social sciences and humanities. The program is administered jointly by the Kennan Institute and the ISE Center (Information. Scholarship. Education) in Moscow, and directed by an international advisory board. The CASE program recognizes that higher education, in the words of Carnegie Corporation president Vartan Gregorian, “is our connection with the future. It is in institutions of higher education where the best minds of every culture and country ask the questions that will lead to advances in social, scientific and governmental policies, and the development of science and philosophy—the kinds of breakthroughs that will advance a nation.” Nine thematic Centers have been established at regional Russian Universities:

Far Eastern National University (Vladivostok) “Russia and the Asia-Pacific Region: Security Dilemmas, Conflicts, and Cooperation in the Twenty-First Century;” Irkutsk State University, “Siberia in the Russian and Global Contexts: Traditions Modernization Patterns, and Challenges of Globalization;” Kaliningrad State University (Baltic CASE), “Russia and Expanding Europe: Cultural, Political, Economic, and Social Forms of Collaboration;” Novgorod State University, “State, Society, and Individuals in Russia: Cultural and Educational Interactions;” Rostov State University, “Russia’s Modernization: Economic, Political, Social, and Cultural Dimensions of the Transition;” Saratov State University, “Phenomenology of Power in Russia: State, Society, and the Individual;” Tomsk State University, “Cultural, Social, Economic and Legal Implications of Russia’s 110 Integration into the Global Community;”

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER Urals State University (Ekaterinburg), “Tolerance as a Philosophical, Psychological, and Political Issue in Contemporary Russia;” Voronezh State University, “Cross-Cultural Communication: Its Philological, Anthropological, Historical and Regional Dimensions.”

In addition, a CASE Resource Center was opened at St. Petersburg State University to support the research of CASE affiliated scholars and St. Peterburg educational, cultural, and archival institutions. The CASE program seeks to promote advanced research in the social sciences and humanities in Russia through a system of individual research fellowships, library and publications support, and professional community-building efforts. Over 450 scholars from across Russia have received research support through this system. Each CASE has built up a substantial library of Russian and foreign literature related to its intellectual theme. In addition, the CASEs have supported numerous conferences and publications. In the upcoming year, the Kennan Institute plans to conduct small thematic workshops involving CASE-affiliated scholars and other scholars from around the world who are engaged in similar research in order to deepen CASE interaction with the broader international academic com- Irkutsk. Church of the Icon of the Savior. (Photo: William Brumfield) munity. These workshops will foster intensive interaction around specific research agendas.

International Advisory Board for Centers for Advanced Study and Education in Russia

Deana Arsenian, 2000– Mark Johnson, 2003– Liudmila Verbitskaia, 2000– Carnegie Corporation of New Colorado College St. Petersburg State University York Andrei Kortunov, Co-Chair, Boris Vinogradov, 2000–2002 Aleksandr Chubarian, Board 2000– Ministry of Education and Science Member, Ex Officio, 2003– ISE Center (Information. of the Russian Federation Institute of World History, Russian Scholarship. Education.), Moscow Academy of Sciences Tat’iana Zhdanova, 2000– Blair A. Ruble, Co-Chair, 2000– John D. & Catherine T. MacArthur Ekaterina Genieva, 2001–2002 Kennan Institute Foundation, Moscow Office All-Russia State Library for Foreign Literature Iurii Shlenov, 2002–2003 William Zimmerman, 2002– Ministry of Education and Science University of Michigan Abbott Gleason, 2000–2002 of the Russian Federation Brown University Mikhail Strikhanov, 2000– Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation 111

30 YEAR REPORT | CENTERS FOR ADVANCED STUDY AND EDUCATION Case Scholars

Baltic CASE (Kaliningrad the First Third of the Twentieth Mikeshin, M. I. (St. Petersburg). State University) Centuries.” 2003. “The Reception of British Social- Philosophical Thought in Russia Artem’eva, T. V. (St. Petersburg). Filiushkin, A. I. (St. Petersburg). (Eighteenth and Nineteenth “The Reception of British Social- “The Livonian War through the Centuries).” 2004. Philosophical Thought in Russia Eyes of Contemporaries and (Eighteenth and Nineteenth Descendents.” 2004. Nizhnikov, S. A. (Malakhovka, Centuries).” 2004. Moskovskaia oblast’). “Kant and Iargomskaia, N. B. (St. the Metaphysics of Faith in Bazhanov, V. A. (Ul’ianovsk). “The Petersburg). “Regional Identity in Russia.” 2003. Reception of British Social- the Neighborhood of the Philosophical Thought in Russia European Union (The Examples of Novikova, A. A. (Taganrog). (Eighteenth and Nineteenth the Republic of Kareliia and “Media Images in Russia and Centuries).” 2004. Kaliningradskaia oblast’).” 2004. Europe in the Context of Globalization.” 2003. Belokurova, E. V. (St. Petersburg). Kaufman, I. S. (St. Petersburg). “Regional Identity in the “Comprehension of the Ideas of Nozhenko, M. V. (St. Petersburg). Neighborhood of the European Spinoza in Russian Philosophy in “Regional Identity in the Union (The Examples of the the Nineteenth and Twentieth Neighborhood of the European Republic of Kareliia and Centuries. The History of Union (The Examples of the Kaliningradskaia oblast’).” 2004. Philosophy.” 2003. Republic of Kareliia and Kaliningradskaia oblast’).” 2004. Bondar’, L. D. (St. Petersburg). Koval’, O. A. (St. Petersburg). “The Baltic Region in Western “German Phenomenology and its Peshperova, I. I. (St. Petersburg). Europe: Philosophical and Socio- Reception in Russia.” 2004. “Theoretical and Methodological Cultural Analysis.” 2003. Aspects of the Russian Philosophy Lagutina, I. N. (Moscow). of History of the Eighteenth Brednikova, O. E. (St. “Cultural Identity and Religious Century.” 2003. Petersburg). “Window to Europe: Consciousness: German Contemporary Russian Borders Intellectual Elite in Russia from the Razeev, D. N. (St. Petersburg). and the Process of Eighteenth Century to the “German Phenomenology and its Reterritorialization (The Case of Beginning of the Nineteenth Reception in Russia.” 2004. the Russian-Estonian Border).” Century.” 2003. 2003. Rumiantseva, M. F. (Moscow). Lekhtsier, V. L. (Samara). “Russian “Epistemological Conception of Dolbilov, M. D. (Voronezh). Modifications of Phenomenology: A. C. Lappo-Danilevskii in the “Russification in the Northwestern The Problem of the Influence of Context of European Philosophy Regions of the Empire (1855- the Phenomenology of F. in the Second Half of the 1874). Administration of the Brentano and E. Husserl on the Nineteenth to the Beginning of Outskirts in the Hierarchy of Intuitism of N. Losskii and the the Twentieth Centuries.” 2003. Priorities of the Russian Philosophical Psychology of S. Bureaucracy.” 2003. Frank.” 2003. Sergunin, A. A. (Nizhnii Novgorod). “Cooperation on Dushin, O. E. (St. Petersburg). Malinov, A. V. (Baksitogorsk). Kaliningrad as a Factor “Between Medieval and New “Theoretical and Methodological Strengthening Subregional Times: Martin Luther and Aspects of the Russian Philosophy Security.” 2003. Scholastics.” 2003. of History of the Eighteenth Century.” 2003. Shipovalova, L. V. (St. Fedorov, A. A. (Nizhnii Novgorod). Petersburg). “German “European Philosophical-Mystical Maslovskaia, T. I. (St. Petersburg). Phenomenology and its Reception Traditions and Russian “The Baltic Region in Western in Russia.” 2004. Philosophical Thought in the Final Europe: Philosophical and Socio- Svetlov, R. V. (St. Petersburg). 112 Third of the Eighteenth Through Cultural Analysis.” 2003. “Platonism in European and

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER Russian Culture: Problems of Relations in the Asia-Pacific (Ethno-Social Portrait of the Mutual Influence and Intercultural Region: The Contribution of Chinese Diaspora).” 2003. Dialogue.” 2003. Multilateral Organizations.” 2004. Zabrovskaia, L. V. (Vladivostok). Tsyb, A. V. (St. Petersburg). Iarovenko, E. V. (Vladivostok). “The Politics of Russia’s Relations “Platonism in European and “The Politics of Russia’s Relations with North Korea: From Russian Culture: Problems of with North Korea: From Friendship to Pragmatism (From Mutual Influence and Intercultural Friendship to Pragmatism (From the 1990s to the Beginning of the Dialogue.” 2003. the 1990s to the Beginning of the Twenty-First Century).” 2004. Twenty-First Century).” 2004. Vinokurov, E. I. (Kaliningrad). Zav’ialova, T. G. (Novosibirsk). “The Formation of a New Trade Kobyzov, R. A. (Blagoveshchensk, “The Role of Traditional Regime by Kaliningradskaia Amurskaia oblast’). “The Image of Stratagem Culture in the Social oblast’ as a Result of the Russia and Russians in the Ethnic Life and International Contacts of Expansion of the European Union, Consciousness of the Chinese Modern China.” 2003. the Entry of Russia into the WTO, (Ethno-Social Portrait of the and Regional Trade Flows.” 2003. Chinese Diaspora).” 2003. Irkutsk CASE (Irkutsk State Volodina, T. A. (Tula). “History in Kozlova, G. I. (Khabarovsk). University) School and Identity Formation: “‘Hostess’ as a Shadow-Economy The Experience Drawn From Practice in the Sphere of the Baranova, V. V. (St. Petersburg). Comparative Studies.” 2003. Labor Migration of Women in the “Indigenous Peoples of the Far Asia-Pacific Region (The Example East in the Post-Soviet Era.” 2004. Zaitsev, I. N. (St. Petersburg). of Khabarovskii Krai).” 2004. “The Reception of the Ethics of Belich, I. V. (Tobol’sk). “Siberian Kant in Russian Philosophy and Kuteinikov, A. E. (St. Petersburg). Islam: Regional Variant of Literature in the Nineteenth “Normative-Legal Regulation of Religious Syncretism.” 2003. Century.” 2003. International Relations in the Asia- Pacific Region: The Contribution of Charina, O. I. (Iakutsk). “The Zaitsev, I. N. (St. Petersburg). Multilateral Organizations.” 2004. Russian Inhabitants of Prilen’ia at “The Place of Ontological a Historical Crossroads of Cultures Argument in the Conceptions of Lidzar’, T. A. (Khabarovsk). in the Second Half of the S. L. Frank and E. Levinas.” 2004. “‘Hostess’ as a Shadow-Economy Twentieth Century Through the Practice in the Sphere of the Beginning of the Twenty-First Labor Migration of Women in the Century: Ethnography, Language, Far Eastern CASE (Far Asia-Pacific Region (The Example and Folklore.” 2003. Eastern National University, of Khabarovskii Krai).” 2004. Vladivostok) Dashkovskii, P. K. (Barnaul). Rolin, A. N. (Moscow). “The “Mentality and the Worldview of Politics of Russia’s Relations with Anikhovskii, S. E. (Moscow). “The the Nomads of Altai: Broadcasting North Korea: From Friendship to Processes in Historical and Image of Russia and Russians in Pragmatism (From the 1990s to the Ethnic Consciousness of the Cultural Retrospective and in the the Beginning of the Twenty-First Conditions of Modernization.” Chinese (Ethno-Social Portrait of Century).” 2004. the Chinese Diaspora).” 2003. 2003. Shakh, M. I. (Moscow). Fetisova, E. N. (Khabarovsk). Diatlova, E. V. (Moscow). “Normative-Legal Regulation of “Chinese Enterprise in Russia: “‘Hostess’ as a Shadow-Economy International Relations in the Practice in the Sphere of the Socio-Economic and Socio- Asian-Pacific Region: The Psychological Analysis.” 2004. Labor Migration of Women in the Contribution of Multilateral Asia-Pacific Region (The Example Organizations.” 2004. of Khabarovskii Krai).” 2004. Dorogon’ko, E. V. (Surgut). “Ethno-National Schools for Low- Zabiiako, A. P. (Blagoveshchensk, Grigor’eva, I. G. (Zelenograd, Populated Indigenous Peoples in Amurskaia oblast’). “The Image of the North within the Regional Moskovskaia oblast’). “Normative- Russia and Russians in the Ethnic Legal Regulation of International System of Professional Consciousness of the Chinese Education.” 2003. 113

30 YEAR REPORT | CENTERS FOR ADVANCED STUDY AND EDUCATION of the Nomenklatura Cadres Party Perekhval’skaia, E. V. (St. Apparatus VKP(b)-KPSS in the Petersburg). “Indigenous Peoples Regions of Siberia (1945-1991).” of the Far East in the Post-Soviet 2004. Era.” 2004.

Kudriavtseva, M. O. (St. Pozdniak T. Z. (Vladivostok). The Nine Regional CASE Centers Petersburg). “Between Russia, “Relations of Russian Society and have truly become what we had all Mongolia, and China: Mongolian Power for Immigrants (The ‘Shuttles’ at the Russian Border.” Example of the Far East in the hoped—the foundation for the renew- 2004. Nineteenth through the Beginning of the Twentieth Centuries).” 2003. al of a vibrant intellectual life in Russia; Larionova, A. S. (Iakutsk). “The not just in Moscow and St. Russian Inhabitants of Prilen’ia at Ryzhova, N. P. (Blagoveshchensk, a Historical Crossroads of Cultures Amurskaia oblast’). “Chinese “Petersburg, but throughout Russia. in the Second Half of the Enterprise in Russia: Socio- Twentieth Century Through the Economic and Socio- Beginning of the Twenty-First Psychological Analysis.” 2004. Vartan Gregorian Century: Ethnography, Language, President, Carnegie Corporation of New York and Folklore.” 2003. Seleznev, A. G. (Omsk-27). 2003 “Siberian Islam: Regional Variant Liarskaia, E. V. (St. Petersburg). of Religious Syncretism.” 2003. “Transformation of Traditional Family Values of the Nenets of Selezneva, I. A. (Omsk-27). Ermakova, E. E. (Tiumen’). “The Iamala.” 2003. “Siberian Islam: Regional Variant Territory of Childhood: Customs, of Religious Syncretism.” 2003. Conspiracies, and the Protection Mal’kevich, T. I. (Irkutsk). of People in Multiethnic Regions “Between Russia, Mongolia, and Strogova, E. A. (Iakutsk). “The (The Example of Tiumenskaia China: Mongolian ‘Shuttles’ at the Russian Inhabitants of Prilen’ia at oblast’).” 2004. Russian Border.” 2004. a Historical Crossroads of Cultures in the Second Half of the Goncharov, I. M. (Barnaul). “The Martynov, M. I. (Surgut). “Ethno- Twentieth Century Through the Urban Family in Siberia in the National Schools for Low- Beginning of the Twenty-First Second Half of the Nineteenth Populated Indigenous Peoples in Century: Ethnography, Language, Through the Beginning of the the North Within the Regional and Folklore.” 2003. Twentieth Centuries.” 2003. System of Professional Education.” 2003. Tiapkina, O. A. (Barnaul). Grigorichev, K. V. (Barnaul). “Mentality of Populations in Small “Regions of Western Siberia in the Maslinskii, K. A. (St. Petersburg). Cities in the Context of System of Migrational Links with “Indigenous Peoples of the Far Modernization Processes Kazakhstan.” 2003. East in the Post-Soviet Era.” (Example of the West Siberian 2004. Region in the Second Half of the Karabulatova, I. S. (Tiumen’). Nineteenth through the Beginning “The Territory of Childhood: Messhtyb, N. A. (Orekhovo- of the Twentieth Century).” 2004. Customs, Conspiracies, and Zuevo). “Northern Villages in Protection of People in Political and Socio-Economic Vasil’eva, R. I. (Iakutsk). “The Multiethnic Regions (The Transformation at the End of the Russian Inhabitants of Prilen’ia at Example of Tiumenskaia Twentieth Through the Beginning a Historical Crossroads of Cultures oblast’).” 2004. of the Twenty-First Centuries.” in the Second Half of the 2003. Twentieth Century Through the Kolosova, V. B. (St. Petersburg). Beginning of the Twenty-First “Transformation of Traditional Nenashev, M. A. (Surgut). Century: Ethnography, Language, Family Values of the Nenets of “Ethno-National Schools for Low- and Folklore.” 2003. Iamala.” 2003. Populated Indigenous Peoples in the North within the Regional Viktorova, K. V. (St. Petersburg). Konovalov, A. B. (Kemerovo). System of Professional “Indigenous Peoples of the Far 114 “The Formation and Functioning Education.” 2003. East in the Post-Soviet Era.” 2004.

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER Zinatullina, G. I. (Tiumen’). “The Echevskaia, O. G. (Novosibirsk). Kaliuzhnov, N. V. (Irkutsk). Territory of Childhood: Customs, “The Value of Things in Soviet “Organizational Culture of Irkutsk Conspiracies, and Protection of and Post-Soviet Russia.” 2003. Firms in Light of Modern People in Multiethnic Regions Tendencies of Organizational (The Example of Tiumenskaia Filicheva, O. N. (St. Petersburg). Development.” 2004. oblast’).” 2004. “Traditions of Paying Homage to Village Saints in Northwestern Khromova, A. V. (Gatchina, Russia From the End of the Leningradskaia oblast’). “The Novgorod CASE (Novgorod Twentieth Through the Development of New Year’s Ritual State University) Beginning of the Twenty-First Traditions in the Soviet and Post- Centuries.” 2003. Soviet Eras (From the Children’s Morning Performances of the Alekseeva, A. I. (Novosibirsk). Gimon, T. V. (Moscow). “Ancient 1930s-50s to the 1990s Project “Faith in the Socio-Cultural Chronicles and Early English ‘Velikii Ustiug is the Homeland of Space of Post-Soviet Russia.” Annals: Comparative Historical Grandfather Frost’).” 2004. 2004. Research.” 2004. Kochetkov, I. V. (St. Petersburg). Antoshchenko, A. V. Gol’bert, V. V. (St. Petersburg). “Agrarian Revolution and Peasant (Petrozavodsk). “The Creation of “The Expansion of Non-Corrupt Agriculture in Northwestern Monumental Art as a Channels for Interaction Between Russia (1918-1928).” 2003. Historiographical Source (For Business and Government Example the Monument ‘One Administration in Russia.” 2004. Korusenko, M. A. (Omsk). “Local Thousand Years of Russia’).” 2003. Mythology in the Space of the Gulevich, O. A. (Zelenograd). Traditional Culture of the Siberian Belavin, A. M. (Perm’). “Legal “The Jury as an Institution of Tatars (Toward the Study and Provisions for the Activities of Legal Socialization.” 2003. Preservation of Values).” 2003. Museums in Russia.” 2003. Gulevich, O. A. (Moscow). Kostiukovskii, Y. V. (St. Bertash, A. V. (St. Petersburg). “Communication Within the Jury.” Petersburg). “The Expansion of “Problems with the Protection of 2004. Non-Corrupt Channels for the Cultural Legacy in the Interaction Between Business and Twentieth to the Beginning of the Gurova, O. I. (St. Petersburg). Government Administration in Twenty-First Centuries: The State “The Value of Things in Soviet Russia.” 2004. and the Orthodox Church on the and Post-Soviet Russia.” 2003. Path to Cooperation in the Kotlova, T. B. (Ivanovo). “A New Northwestern Region.” 2003. Iakovleva, I. I. (Ivanovo). “A New Type of Russian Woman Through Type of Russian Woman Through the Prism of Changing Values: Cherniadeva, N. A. (Perm’). the Prism of Changing Values: Historical Aspect.” 2004. “Legal Provisions for the Activities Historical Aspect.” 2004. of Museums in Russia.” 2003. Kovalev, V. A. (Syktyvkar, Republic Iarov, S. V. (St. Petersburg). of Komi). “Ethno-Political Aspects Chetina, E. M. (Perm’). “Soviet Society from 1917-1920: of Regional Transformation in “Traditional Values in the Epoch Conformist Laboratories.” 2003. Finno-Ugric Regions of the Russian of ‘Cultural Breakdown.’” 2003. Federation: A Crisis of Sovereignty Iarzutkina, A. A. (Omsk). “Local and Ethnicity.” 2004. Danilko, E. S. (Moscow). “Social Mythology in the Space of the Mechanisms for Maintaining Traditional Culture of the Kurganov, A. V. (Perm’). Traditional Values (Based on the Siberian Tatars (Toward the Study “Traditional Values in the Epoch Example of the Old Believer and Preservation of Values).” of ‘Cultural Breakdown.’” 2003. Community in Miass, 2003. Cheliabinskaia oblast’).” 2004. Kuznetsova, O. B. (Yaroslavl’). Ivanenko, G. S. (Cheliabinsk). “Yaroslavl’ Icon-Painting in the Dobrynina, A. M. (Ivanovo). “A “Designing a Linguistic Approach Cultural-Historical Situation in the New Type of Russian Woman to the Process of Defending Second Half of the Eighteenth Through the Prism of Changing Honor and Integrity.” 2004. Century.” 2004. Values: Historical Aspect.” 2004. 115

30 YEAR REPORT | CENTERS FOR ADVANCED STUDY AND EDUCATION Latov, I. V. (Tula). “Economic Firms in Light of Modern Ozheredov, I. I. (Tomsk). “Local Mentality of Russians: Tula-Russia- Tendencies of Organizational Mythology in the Space of the World.” 2003. Development.” 2004. Traditional Culture of the Siberian Tatars (Toward the Study and Latova, N. V. (Moscow). Musaev, V. I. (St. Petersburg). Preservation of Values).” 2003. “Economic Mentality of Russians: “The Russian Diaspora in Tula-Russia-World.” 2003. Finland: Problems of Maintaining Pashina, O. A. (Moscow). Identity and Cultural Traditions.” “Russian Folk Culture in the Latysheva, S. A. (Podol’sk). 2004. Twentieth Century: Mechanisms of “Russian Folk Culture in the Adaptation.” 2004. Twentieth Century: Mechanisms of Nagornaia, O. S. (Cheliabinsk). Adaptation.” 2004. “Russia in ‘The Century of Petrov, A. E. (Moscow). “Myths of Catastrophe’ and Cultural Ancient Russian History in Leont’ev, A. A. (Petrozavodsk). Memory.” 2003. Contemporary Historical “The Creation of Monumental Art Consciousness.” 2003. as a Historiographical Source (For Narskii, I. V. (Cheliabinsk). “Russia Example the Monument ‘One in ‘The Century of Catastrophe’ Prokop’ev, V. N. (Chita). “The Thousand Years of Russia’).” 2003. and Cultural Memory.” 2003. Expansion of Non-Corrupt Channels for Interaction Between Leont’eva, E. O. (Khabarovsk). Nikitina, I. A. (Moscow). “Russian Business and Government “Network Marketing: Sectoral Folk Culture in the Twentieth Administration in Russia.” 2004. Conditions in the Market Century: Mechanisms of Economics of Contemporary Adaptation.” 2004. Roginskaia, O. O. (Saltykovka, Russia.” 2004. Moskovskaia oblast’). “‘Personal Nikonova, O. I. (Cheliabinsk). Experience’ and ‘Personal Opinion’ Lobanova, A. S. (Perm’). “Russia in ‘The Century of as the Founding Cultural Values: “Traditional Values in the Epoch Catastrophe’ and Cultural Strategies of Autobiography in of ‘Cultural Breakdown.’” 2003. Memory.” 2003. Modern Russian Theater.” 2004.

Makarchenko, M. A. (St. Novozhenina, I. V. (Ufa). “Ideo- Rud’, N. P. (Khabarovsk). “The Petersburg). “The Study of theoretical System of N. N. Specifics of the Languages of the Organizational Culture (Business Alekseev: Historical-Legal Analysis Artistic Culture of the Nivkhi as a Culture): An Example of the in the Measurement of Values.” Manifestation of a Particular Enterprises in St. Petersburg.” 2003. Mentality (Based on the Materials 2003. of Musical Folklore and Oleinik, A. N. (Moscow). “The Decorations).” 2003. Makarova, V. I. (St. Petersburg). Expansion of Non-Corrupt “Traditions of Paying Homage to Channels for Interaction Between Sainakov, N. A. (Tomsk). “The Village Saints in Northwestern Business and Government Problems of Power and Morality in Russia From the End of the Administration in Russia.” 2004. the Formation of Russian Political Twentieth Through the Beginning Culture in the Sixteenth Century.” of the Twenty-First Centuries.” Osika, I. L. (St. Petersburg). 2004. 2003. “Value Aspects of the Formation of the Mytheme ‘Rabotnitsa’ in Sal’nikova, A. A. (Kazan’). “Russia Malysheva, S. I. (Kazan’). “Russia the First Years of Soviet Power in ‘The Century of Catastrophe’ in ‘The Century of Catastrophe’ (Based on Materials from the and Cultural Memory.” 2003. and Cultural Memory.” 2003. Central Soviet Press).” 2003. Shabaev, I. P. (Syktyvkar, Republic Matvienko, I. G. (Khabarovsk). Ovsiannikov, I. V. (Ruzskii raion, of Komi). “Ethno-Political Aspects “Network Marketing: Sectoral Moskovskaia oblast’). “New of Regional Transformation in Conditions in the Market Philosophies in Russian Legal Finno-Ugric Regions of the Economics of Contemporary Culture in the Twenty-First Russian Federation: A Crisis of Russia.” 2004. Century (The Example of Sovereignty and Ethnicity.” 2004. Evidentiary Rights in Russia).” Mekhonoshin, K. A. (Irkutsk). 2003. Shagalova, E. N. (St. Petersburg). 116 “Organizational Culture of Irkutsk “Changes in Contemporary

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER Russian Culture and Their Vukolova, T. S. (Tula). “Economic Kolomak, E. A. (Novosibirsk). Reflection in Language. New Mentality of Russians: Tula-Russia- “Management of the Competitive Borrowings: Vocabulary, World.” 2003. Environment at a Sub-Federal Informative and Functional Level in Russia: Tendencies, Aspects.” 2003. Results, Effects.” 2004. Rostov CASE (Rostov State Shalina, I. A. (St. Petersburg). University, Rostov-na-donu) Kovalev, S. I. (Novosibirsk). “Painting of Ancient Tikhvin: “Reform of the Health Care Problems of History, Aparina, N. F. (Kemerovo). “An System in Russia: Social Development, and Traditions of Institutional Model of Interaction Consequences of an Arts Center.” 2004. Between Business and Local Commercialization.” 2004. Organs of Power (The Example of Shchennikova, L. V. (Perm’). Kemerovskaia oblast’).” 2004. Kurbatova, M. V. (Kemerovo). “Legal Provisions for the Activities “An Institutional Model of of Museums in Russia.” 2003. Blam, I. I. (Novosibirsk). “Reform Interaction Between Business and of the Health Care System in Local Organs of Power (The Shtyrkov, S. A. (St. Petersburg). Russia: Social Consequences of Example of Kemerovskaia “Traditions of Paying Homage to Commercialization.” 2004. oblast’).” 2004. Village Saints in Northwestern Russia From the End of the Bulanin, N. D. (St. Petersburg). Levin, S. N. (Kemerovo). “An Twentieth Through the Beginning “The Role of Large Corporations Institutional Model of Interaction of the Twenty-First Centuries.” in Regional Modernization.” Between Business and Local 2003. 2004. Organs of Power (The Example of Kemerovskaia oblast’).” 2004. Slavgorodskaia, N. A. (St. Chelysheva, I. V. (Taganrog). “The Petersburg). “Folklore Cliche, Media Literacy of Future Teachers Malinova, O. I. (Zelenograd, Expressions of the Norms of as One of the Most Important Moskovskaia oblast’). “Rival Behavior in Contemporary Daily Goals of the Modernization of the Interpretations of the Idea of the Life: Traditional and Modern.” Russian Educational Process.” Nation in the Discussion about 2003. 2004. National Identity and the Perspectives of Modernization in Solov’eva, A. N. (Arkhangel’sk). Degtiareva, M. I. (Moscow). Russia (1840-1850).” 2004. “The Values World of Ethnic “Joseph de Mestre and His Subcultures of the Russian North Russian ‘Interlocutors’ (The Novikova, A. A. (Taganrog). “The in the Twentieth Century: Experience of Philosophical Media Literacy of Future Teachers Tradition, Modernity, Post- Biography and Intellectual as One of the Most Important Modernity.” 2003. Connections in Russia).” 2004. Goals of the Modernization of the Russian Educational Process.” Tran’kov, A. L. (Perm’). Fedorov, A. V. (Taganrog). “The 2004. “Traditional Values in the Epoch Media Literacy of Future Teachers of ‘Cultural Breakdown.’” 2003. as One of the Most Important Riazantsev, S. V. (Moscow). Goals of the Modernization of the “Russia in the System of Global Usachev, A. S. (Moscow). Russian Educational Process.” Migratory Trends and the “Cultural Values and the Author’s 2004. Modernization of Russian Philosophy in the Middle of the Migration Policy (Federal and Sixteenth Century: From the Fedorov, K. G. (St. Petersburg). Regional Aspects).” 2004. Chronicles of Nikon to “Role of Large Corporations in Stepennaia’s Book (Terminology Regional Modernization.” 2004. Shcherbak, A. N. (St. Petersburg). Analysis).” 2003. “Role of Large Corporations in Karuna, I. A. (Taganrog). “The Regional Modernization.” 2004. Veselova, A. I. (St. Petersburg). Media Literacy of Future Teachers “Russian ‘Gardeners’ and as One of the Most Important Varshavskaia, E. I. (Kemerovo). Gardening in the Second Half of Goals of the Modernization of the “Overtime Work as a the Eighteenth Century: Esthetics Russian Educational Process.” Phenomenon of the Russian Labor and Poetics.” 2004. 2004. Market in the 1990s.” 2004. 117

30 YEAR REPORT | CENTERS FOR ADVANCED STUDY AND EDUCATION Borders: The Correlation of Gekkina, E. N. (Petrozavodsk). Objective and Subjective “The Power of Money Versus the Factors.” 2004. Power of the Soviets: Problems of Material Success and ‘Political Azarenko, S. A. (Ekaterinburg). Nostalgia’ in the 1920s and 1990s “Russian Semiosphere of Power: (Comparative Aspect).” 2003. Plurality of Languages and Problems of Social Dualism.” Gering, A. G. (Omsk). “Historical 2003. Science, Historians, and Power in Russia’s Regional Space: Siberia in Bazarov, E. I. (Ekaterinburg). the Twentieth Century.” 2004. “Russian Semiosphere of Power: Plurality of Languages and Gladyshev, A. V. (Saratov). “The Problems of Social Dualism.” Concept of ‘Liberalism’ in the 2003. Political Discourse of Nineteenth Century France and Russia.” 2003. Bobrovnikov, V. O. (Moscow). “Russian Imperial Orientalism in Goloviznina, M. V. (Perm’). Kiakhta. Wooden house. (Photo: William Brumfield) the Second Half of the Nineteenth “Center for the Temporary through the beginning of the Isolation of Juvenile Offenders: Twentieth Century.” 2004. Social Control, Socialization, and the Reproduction of the Criminal Saratov CASE (Saratov State Bol’shakov, A. G. (Kazan’). “The Subculture of the Young.” 2003. University) Politics of Strengthening ‘Vertical Power’ and Crisis of Quasi- Gorokhova, R. I. (Ioshkar-Ola). Abashin, S. N. (Moscow). Federalism in Contemporary “Social, Ethnic, and Personal “Russian Imperial Orientalism in Russia (The Case of the Republic Aspects of Suicidal Activity in the the Second Half of the Nineteenth of Tartarstan).” 2003. Republic of Marii-El.” 2004. through the Beginning of the Twentieth Centuries.” 2004. Chausskaia, O. A. (Saratov). “The Iangulova, L. V. (Kazan’). Russian Family: Relationships “Psychiatry and Power: The Akhmitzianov, R. R. (Ufa). Between Children and Parents Formation of Psychiatric “Activities and Social Protection (Legal Aspect).” 2003. Institutions Based on the Example for the Elderly: Do You Still Need of the Kazan’ Regional Home for Me…When I’m 64?” 2003. Chudinov, A. V. (Moscow). “The the Mentally Ill.” 2004. Concept of ‘Liberalism’ in the Alekseev, I. L. (Moscow). “Islamic Political Discourse of Nineteenth Iankovskaia, G. A. (Perm’). “The Institutions in the System of Century France and Russia.” 2003. Power of Money Versus the Power Governing the Muslim of the Soviets: Problems of Populations of the Russian Empire Daugavet, A. B. (St. Petersburg). Material Success and ‘Political from the Nineteenth to the Early “Economic and Political- Nostalgia’ in the 1920s and 1990s Twentieth Century. Volga, Administrative Elites in the (Comparative Aspect).” 2003. Northwest Caucasus, and Central Regions: Forms and Dynamics of Asia: Regional Dynamics.” 2004. Interconnections in the Post- Iurchenkov, V. A. (Saransk). Alekseeva, S. I. (Ioshkar-Ola). Soviet Period (The Example of St. “Mordvinian Ethnos in the Russian “Social, Ethnic, and Personal Petersburg and Leningradskii Imperial Socium: Eighteenth Aspects of Suicidal Activity in the oblast’).” 2003. through Early Twentieth Republic of Marii-El.” 2004. Centuries.” 2004. Ermachenko, I. O. (St. Anokhina, N. V. (Moscow). Petersburg). “The Power of Kadyrov, S. K. (Ufa). “Activities “Electoral Protest as a Challenge Money Versus the Power of the and Social Protection for the to the Legitimacy of Regional Soviets: Problems of Material Elderly: Do You Still Need Power.” 2003. Success and ‘Political Nostalgia’ in Me…When I’m 64?” 2003. the 1920s and 1990s Arkhipova, E. V. (Volgograd). (Comparative Aspect).” 2003. Kalashnikov, M. V. (Saratov). “The 118 “The Formation of Caucasian Concept of ‘Liberalism’ in the

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER Political Discourse of Nineteenth Meleshkina, E. I. (Moscow). Poleva, I. V. (Volgograd). “The Century France and Russia.” 2003. “Electoral Protest as a Challenge Role and Place of Cave Ascetism to the Legitimacy of Regional Phenomena Manifested in the Kalashnikova, M. V. (St. Power.” 2003. Seventeenth Century Through the Petersburg). “Text of Power/Text First Third of the Twentieth About Power (Prison Press and Mikhel’, D. V. (Saratov). “Blood Century in the Saratov and Prison Folklore in the Soviet Transfusions in the Context of Voronezh Dioceses Within the Period).” 2003. Meaning, Power, and Morals: A System of Church-Political Social History of Biomedical Interrelations.” 2003. Khosueva, N. V. (St. Petersburg). Technology in Russia, 1900-1940.” “Economic and Political- 2004. Priamikova, E. V. (Ekaterinburg). Administrative Elites in the “Social Competency of Regions: Forms and Dynamics of Nefliasheva, N. A. (Maikop, Maturation.” 2003. Interconnections in the Post- Adygei Republic). “Islamic Soviet Period (The Example of St. Institutions in the System of Puliaevskaia, L. V. (Saratov). “The Petersburg and Leningradskii Governing the Muslim Russian Family: Relationships oblast’).” 2003. Populations of the Russian Empire Between Children and Parents from the Nineteenth to the Early (Legal Aspect).” 2003. Korzun, V. P. (Omsk). “Historical Twentieth Century. Volga, Science, Historians, and Power in Northwest Caucasus, and Central Remnev, A. V. (Omsk). “Russian Russia’s Regional Space: Siberia in Asia: Regional Dynamics.” 2004. Imperial Orientalism in the the Twentieth Century.” 2004. Second Half of the Nineteenth Nikitin, M. D. (Saratov). “Russian through the Beginning of the Limanskaia, K. A. (St. Petersburg). Imperial Orientalism in the Twentieth Century.” 2004. “Center for the Temporary Second Half of the Nineteenth Isolation of Juvenile Offenders: through the Beginning of the Shcheblanova, V. V. (Saratov). Social Control, Socialization, and Twentieth Century.” 2004. “Social Consequences of Terrorist the Reproduction of the Criminal Actions: Ethnoconfessional Vector Subculture of the Young.” 2003. Orekh, E. A. (St. Petersburg). Strains in the Civil and Military “Economic and Political- ‘Socium.’” 2003. Lukoianov, I. V. (St. Petersburg). Administrative Elites in the “Russian Imperial Orientalism in Regions: Forms and Dynamics of Shelekasova, N. P. (Moscow). the Second Half of the Interconnections in the Post- “Psychological Barriers to Nineteenth through the Soviet Period (The Example of St. Understanding the Formation of Beginning of the Twentieth Petersburg and Leningradskii Politics.” 2003. Century.” 2004. oblast’).” 2003. Sidorova, O. V. (Ufa). “Activities Mamontova, M. A. (Omsk). Orlova, G. A. (Rostov-na-donu). and Social Protection for the “Historical Science, Historians, “Soviet Political Demonology Elderly: Do You Still Need and Power in Russia’s Regional (From the 1920s to the 1980s).” Me…When I’m 64?” 2003. Space: Siberia in the Twentieth 2003. Century.” 2004. Surkova, I. I. (Saratov). “Social Orlova, G. A. (Rostov-na-donu). Consequences of Terrorist Markasova, E. V. (St. Petersburg). “Gaining Territory: Physical Actions: Ethnoconfessional Vector “The Power of Money Versus the Geography as an Ideological Strains in the Civil and Military Power of the Soviets: Problems of Resource of Soviet Power.” 2004. ‘Socium.’” 2003. Material Success and ‘Political Nostalgia’ in the 1920s and 1990s Parsamov, V. S. (Saratov). “War Tarasov, I. N. (Saratov). “The (Comparative Aspect).” 2003. and Peace as Cultural Universals Upper Chamber of of the Russian Imperial Postcommunist Parliaments: The Matveeva, N. V. (Omsk). Consciousness.” 2003. Experience of Their Functioning in “Historical Science, Historians, Russia and Western European and Power in Russia’s Regional Pishcheva, T. N. (Moscow). Countries.” 2003. Space: Siberia in the Twentieth “Psychological Barriers to Century.” 2004. Understanding the Formation of Tev, D. B. (St. Petersburg). Politics.” 2003. “Economic and Political- 119

30 YEAR REPORT | CENTERS FOR ADVANCED STUDY AND EDUCATION Administrative Elites in the Consciousness of Russian and Altai Mountains and the Regions: Forms and Dynamics of Chinese Persons in the Far East Mechanism for Overcoming It.” Interconnections in the Post- Region.” 2002. 2003. Soviet Period (The Example of St. Petersburg and Leningradskii Antipin, P. V. (Moscow). “The Bykov, A. I. (Barnaul). “The oblast’).” 2003. Formation of Marginal Subculture Potential for Interethnic Conflict in in Suburban Settlements as a Chuiskii Valley in the Altai Trigubovich, N. V. (Saratov). “The Consequence of Social Mountains and a Mechanism for Russian Family: Relationships Modernism.” 2002. Overcoming It.” 2003. Between Children and Parents (Legal Aspect).” 2003. Antoshchenko, A. V. Datsyshen, V. G. (Krasnoiarsk). (Petrozavodsk). “Religious “Problems of the Development of Vasil’ev, D. V. (Korolev). “Islamic Spirituality in the Cultural and International Relations in Tuva in Institutions in the System of Historical Self-Consciousness of the Second Half of the Nineteenth Governing the Muslim Russian Emigrants of the ‘First Century to the First Quarter of the Populations of the Russian Empire Wave.’” 2002. Twentieth Century.” 2003. from the Nineteenth to the Early Twentieth Century. Volga, Balabanova, E. S. (Nizhnii Dement’eva, S. V. (Tomsk). Northwest Caucasus, and Central Novgorod). “The Socio-Economic “Adaptation of Foreign Migrants Asia: Regional Dynamics.” 2004. Dependence of the Russian in Russian Cities.” 2004. Population in the Period of Vereshchagin, A. S. (Ufa). “The Reform.” 2002. Edokov, A. V. (Gorno-Altaisk). Power of Money Versus the Power “Decorative-Applied Art in the of the Soviets: Problems of Baloshina, N. I. (St. Petersburg). Traditional Cultures of Siberia.” Material Success and ‘Political “Scientists in Russia in the 2004. Nostalgia’ in the 1920s and 1990s European Context: Integration (Comparative Aspect).” 2003. into World Science on the Border Ermachenko, I. O. (St. of an Epoch.” 2002. Petersburg). “The Image of ‘Far Veselkova, N. V. (Ekaterinburg). Eastern Neighbors’ as a Criteria of “Social Competency of Basargina, E. I. (St. Petersburg). Civilizational Self-Identification in Maturation.” 2003. “The De Jure and De Facto Russian Political and Artistic Integration of Russia into Western Culture of the Twentieth Century.” Vishlenkova, E. A. (Kazan’). “War European Academics.” 2004. 2002. and Peace as Cultural Universals of the Russian Imperial Bazarov, A. A. (Ulan-Ude, Filippov, S. I. (Novosibirsk). Consciousness.” 2003. Buriatiia). “Buriat Buddhist Book “Theoretical and Historical Analysis Printing in Russia in the of Socio-Cultural Dynamics: Voronina, T. I. (St. Petersburg). Nineteenth through the Beginning Processes of Integration and the “The Formation of ‘Soviet Man’ in of the Twentieth Centuries.” 2002. Transformations of Russian the 1930s: The ‘Instructional Society.” 2002. Practices’ of the Soviet Red Bel’gibaev, E. A. (Omsk). “The Cross.” 2003. Problem of Intensifying Field Garmaeva, K. Z. (Ulan-Ude, Work on the Study of Traditional Buriatiia). “Buriat Buddhist Book Cultures in Contemporary Printing in Russia in the Tomsk CASE (Tomsk State Situations.” 2002. Nineteenth through the Beginning University) of the Twentieth Centuries.” 2002. Blam, I. I. (Novosibirsk). “Analysis of the Influence of Socio- Golosov, G. V. (St. Petersburg). Akhmetova, G. F. (Ufa). “Social- Economic Factors on the Desire of “Globalization and Anti- Psychological Aspects of the Households to Pay for Globalization in the Political Life Adaptation of Bashkir Women to Improvements in the Quality of of Russia.” 2002. the Conditions of a Large the Environment.” 2002. Multiethnic City.” 2002. Golovin, V. V. (St. Petersburg). Boronin, O. V. (Barnaul, Altaiskii “Adolescent Subculture in Anikhovskii, S. E. krai). “The Potential for Interethnic Contemporary Russia: Urban and (Blagoveshchensk, Amurskaia Conflict in Chuiskii Valley in the Rural.” 2002. 120 oblast’). “The Ethnic

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER Iaroshenko, S. S. (Syktyvkar, Korolev, S. L. (Novosibirsk-30). Educational Services of Provincial Republic of Komi). “Means of “The Social Foundations and Towns (Establishment of Higher Adaptation of Socially Exclusive Axiological Nature of the Education as an Example).” 2004. Groups in Capitalist Russia of the Teaching of Non-Violence.” 2003. Twenty-First Century.” 2002. Mishankina, N. A. (Tomsk). “The Kovalev, V. A. (Syktyvkar, Mechanisms of Linguistic Iudel’son, A. V. (Moscow). Republic of Komi). “The Evolution Modeling in Virtual Reality (Based “Transformation of the Institution of the Ideology of Nationalism of on Chat-Communication of Plenipotentiary Representatives the Finno-Ugric People in the Materials).” 2004. of the Russian Federation Context of the Development of President in Russian Regions the Russian State.” 2002. Mukhametshin, R. M. (Kazan’). (1991–2001).” 2002. “Government-Islamic Relations in Kovaleva, A. E. (Novosibirsk). the Middle Volga Region: Iurina, E. A. (Tomsk). “The Image- “Analysis of the Influence of Political-Legal Mechanisms for Structure of Language as a Factor Socio-Economic Factors on the Formation of Ethnocultural of the Formation of Cultural- Desire of Households to Pay for Tolerance at the End of the Historical Consciousness (Based on Improvements in the Quality of Eighteenth to the Beginning of the Descriptive Materials of the the Environment.” 2002. the Nineteenth Centuries.” 2002. Associative-Image Semantics Field of the Russian Language).” 2003. Kozyrenko, N. E. (Khabarovsk). Nazarova, I. B. (Moscow). “A “The Formation of Cities Along Period of Reform: Factors and Kaliuzhnova, N. I. (Irkutsk). KVZhD-Paleolithic Culture.” 2002. Influences on Health.” 2002. “Russo-Chinese Regional Economic Links in Terms of Kuleshov, E. V. (St. Petersburg). Nechaev, V. D. (Moscow). Competitive Regions.” 2002. “Adolescent Subculture in “Transformation of the Institution Contemporary Russia: Urban and of Plenipotentiary Representatives Kazakov, A. A. (Tomsk). “Classical Rural.” 2002. of the Russian Federation Literature in the Formation of President in Russian Regions Contemporary Cultural and Levkievskaia, E. E. (Moscow). (1991–2001).” 2002. Historical Consciousness (Based “Contemporary Russian History on the Classical Russian Prose of through the Mirror of Traditional Nogmanov, A. I. (Kazan’). the Nineteenth Century: N. V. Mass Consciousness.” 2002. “Government-Islamic Relations in Gogol’, F. M. Dostoevskii, L. N. the Middle Volga Region: Political- Tolstoi).” 2004. Lur’e, M. L. (St. Petersburg). Legal Mechanisms for Formation “Adolescent Subculture in of Ethno-Cultural Tolerance at the Kirsanov, N. O. (Seversk). Contemporary Russia: Urban and End of the Eighteenth through the “Classical Literature in the Rural.” 2002. Beginning of the Nineteenth Formation of Contemporary Centuries.” 2002. Cultural and Historical Lur’e, S. V. (St. Petersburg). Consciousness (Based on the “Comparative Analysis of Ethnic Orlova, G. A. (Rostov-na-Donu). Classical Russian Prose of the Identity and Intercultural “Russian Denunciation: Historical Nineteenth Century: N. V. Gogol’, Communication in the Soviet and Poetics of Political F. M. Dostoevskii, L. N. Tolstoi).” Post-Soviet Period in Large Cities Communication.” 2002. 2004. of Russia.” 2002. Pachenkov, O. V. (St. Petersburg). Kishko, M. V. (Moscow). “The Makarova, N. I. (Novosibirsk). “Sources of the Formation and Dialogue and Interaction of “The Social Foundations and Particularities of the Functioning Culture (The Intraregional Axiological Nature of the ‘Caucasus-Phobia’ Among Aspect—The Case of Tiumen’ Teaching of Non-Violence.” 2003. Contemporary Russians (A Case oblast’).” 2002. Study of St. Petersburg).” 2002. Malysheva, S. I. (Kazan’). Kobyzov, R. A. (Blagoveshchensk, “Everyday Russian Provincial Pautova, L. A. (Omsk). “Common Amurskaya oblast’). “The Ethnic Culture.” 2002. Ideas About Social Stability Consciousness of Russian and (Based on Materials on Post- Chinese Persons in the Far East Miliaeva, L. G. (Biisk, Altaiskii Soviet Consciousness in the Region.” 2002. krai). “Marketing Research in the 1990s).” 2002. 121

30 YEAR REPORT | CENTERS FOR ADVANCED STUDY AND EDUCATION Petrov, A. V. (Tomsk). “Classical Rezanova, Z. I. (Tomsk). “The Smirnova, V. V. (Moscow). “The Literature in the Formation of Mechanisms of Linguistic Dialogue and Interaction of Contemporary Cultural and Modeling in Virtual Reality (Based Culture (The Intraregional Historical Consciousness (Based on Chat-Communication Aspect–The Case of Tiumenskaia on the Classical Russian Prose of Materials).” 2004. Oblast’).” 2002. the Nineteenth Century: N. V. Gogol’, F. M. Dostoevskii, L. N. Rozov, N. S. (Novosibirsk). Sologubov, A. M. (Kaliningrad). Tolstoi).” 2004. “Theoretical and Historical “The People and Cultural Analysis of Socio-Cultural Landscapes: Kaliningradskaia Petrov, E. V. (St. Petersburg). Dynamics: Processes of Oblast’ as an Example of “Adaptation of Foreign Migrants Integration and the Reconstruction.” 2002. in Russian Cities.” 2004. Transformation of Russian Society.” 2002. Solov’eva, Z. R. (St. Petersburg). Poletaev, D. V. (Moscow). “The Homeless in Russia: The “Adaptation of Foreign Migrants Sal’nikova, A. A. (Kazan’). Institutional Formation of a in Russian Cities.” 2004. “Everyday Russian Provincial Group.” 2002. Culture.” 2002. Priamikova, E. V. (Ekaterinburg). Stepanov, V. L. (Moscow). “Strategies of Growth and the Seleznev, A. G. (Omsk). “The “Government and Industry in Education Factor.” 2002. Problem of Intensifying Field Russia: Government Control in the Work on the Study of Traditional Railroad System.” 2002. Cultures in Contemporary Situations.” 2002. Syrtypova, S. D. (Ulan Ude, Buryatiia). “Buriat Buddhist Book Selezneva, I. A. (Omsk). “The Printing in Russia in the Problem of Intensifying Field Nineteenth through the Beginning Work on the Study of Traditional of the Twentieth Centuries.” 2002. Cultures in Contemporary Situations.” 2002. Tiapkina, O. A. (Barnaul, Altaiskii All of us can attest to the contribu- krai). “Small Town Progress or Shabaev, I. P. (Syktyvkar, Republic Degradation: The Problem of tions of the Russian people to the of Komi). “The Evolution of the Construction Development in intellectual history of the world. With Ideology of Nationalism of the Small Towns in the Process of Finno-Ugric People in the Context Urbanization (Western Siberian the CASE program and similar efforts of the Development of the Region in the Second Half of the Russian State.” 2002. Nineteenth Century is Taken as a to develop Russia’s higher education, Case Study).” 2002. “we act to ensure that the world enjoys Shatilov, A. B. (Moscow). “Transformation of the Institution Tikhomandritskaia, O. A. the benefit of Russian wisdom and of Plenipotentiary Representatives (Moscow). “The Dialogue and of the Russian Federation Interaction of Culture (The creativity and talent in the generations President in Russian Regions Intraregional Aspect–The Case of to come. And we bring our peoples (1991–2001).” 2002. Tiumenskaia Oblast).” 2002. closer together. Shevchenko, I. D. (St. Titarenko, I. I. (Biisk, Altaiskii krai). Petersburg). “Globalization and “Development of a Method for Lee H. Hamilton Anti-Globalization in the Political the Formation of a Field of Legal Life of Russia.” 2002. Knowledge for the Mass Teaching President and Director, Woodrow Wilson of Concrete Groups of the Center Shil’nikova, I. V. (Yaroslavl’). Population (Not Lawyers) With the 2003 “Labor Culture of Factory Workers Goal of Increasing Economic and in Reformist Russia.” 2003. Social Stability in Society.” 2003.

Smirnova, I. B. (Iaroslavl’). “Labor Titov, V. N. (Moscow). “Ethno- Culture of Factory Workers in Social Processes in the Informal 122 Reformist Russia.” 2003. Economy.” 2002.

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER Toreev, V. B. (Moscow). “Ethno- Forest-Steppe Region of the Golovin, I. A. (Yaroslavl’). “The Social Processes in the Informal Trans-Urals in the Late Bronze Interaction of Officials and Economy.” 2002. Age.” 2004. Entrepreneurs in the Context of Russian Business Culture.” 2002. Tret’iakov, V. S. (Irkutsk). “Russo- Braslavskii, P. I. (Ekaterinburg). Chinese Regional Economic Links “Christian Traditions of Tolerance Gritsenko, V. (Balashov, in Terms of Competitive Regions.” in Socio-Economic Relations: Saratovskaia oblast’). “Caucasians 2002. Russia and the West. Comparative and Crime: Study of the Levels of Analysis and the Fundamental Predisposal to the Influences of Tumanik, E. N. (Novosibirsk). Tendencies of Development.” Narcotics.” 2003. “Transformation of the Religious, 2003. Moral Philosophy of E. Ialovitsina, S. E. (Omsk).”The Svedenborg in Russian Social Bychkov, S. P. (Omsk-89). “The Proximity of Orthdoxy and Consciousness in the Nineteenth History of Russia as Shown in the Protestantism in the Heart of Century: Decembrist A. N. Images of Russian Russia and at its Borders (A Murav’ev and the Family of Duke Cinematography.” 2003. Comparative Analysis Using the Shakhovskii.” 2004. Example of Western Siberia and Dorzhigushaeva, O. V. (Ulan Ude, the Republic of Kareliia).” 2002. Vertgeim, I. B. (Novosibirsk). Buriatiia). “Tolerance as an Ethnic “Theoretical and Historical Basis for Intercultural Dialogue in Kalashnikova M. V. (St. Analysis of Socio-Cultural Buddhist Regions of Russia.” Petersburg). “Beyond the Borders Dynamics: Processes of 2003. of Tolerance: Ethnic Problems in Integration and the Higher Education.” 2004. Transformation of Russian Dubrovskii, D. V. (St. Petersburg). Society.” 2002. “Beyond the Borders of Kalimullin, T. R. (Tatarstan, Tolerance: Ethnic Problems in Naberezhnye Chelny). “Political Veselkova, N. V. (Ekaterinburg). Higher Education.” 2004. Choice of the Middle Class.” “Strategies of Growth and the 2002. Education Factor.” 2002. Gaiurova, I. A. (Moscow). “Social- Psychological Factors of Ethnic Kardinskaia, S. V. (Izhevsk). Vishlenkova, E. A. (Kazan’). Tolerance: Intolerances in the “Contemporary Udmurts: Ethnic “Everyday Russian Provincial Political-Cultural Regions of Identity and National Ideology in Culture.” 2002. Russia.” 2002. the Aspect of Structuralism.” 2003. Voloshina, T. N. (Moscow). Gershkovich, T. B. (Ekaterinburg). “Ethno-Social Processes in the “The Mechanisms of the Khodzhaeva, E. A. (Kazan’). Informal Economy.” 2002. Formulation of Tolerance to Aging “Particularities of the Idea of under Conditions of Tolerance in Contemporary Zabiiako, A. P. (Blagoveshchensk, Contemporary Russia.” 2002. Religious Discourse.” 2004. Amurskaia oblast’). “The Ethnic Consciousness of Russian and Gershkovich, T. B. (Ekaterinburg). Khomiakova, E. V. (Ekaterinburg). Chinese Persons in the Far East “Tolerance Towards Aging: “Christian Traditions of Tolerance Region.” 2002. History and Modernity.” 2004. in Socio-Economic Relations: Russia and the West. Comparative Gladkova, E. V. (St. Petersburg). Analysis and the Fundamental Urals CASE (Urals State “Lexicographic Conceptology, Tendencies of Development.” University, Ekaterinburg) Theology, and Mythic Poetics of 2003. the Semantic Ties between Alekseev, S. A. (Kazan’). ‘Tolerance’ and ‘Peace’ (‘Calm’).” Khristoforova, O. B. (Lukhovitsy, “Regional Features of Youth 2004. Moskovskaia oblast’). “Role Extremism in National Republics.” Models of Communicative 2004. Glukhaniuk, N. S. (Ekaterinburg). Behavior in Intercultural “The Mechanisms of the Communication (Based on the Anoshko, O. M. (Tiumen’). “The Formulation of Tolerance to Aging Materials of Iamalo-Nenetskaia Design of the Living Environment under Conditions of AO).” 2003. of the Barkhat Population in the Contemporary Russia.” 2002. 123

30 YEAR REPORT | CENTERS FOR ADVANCED STUDY AND EDUCATION Kolpachnikov, V. V. Lur’e, S. V. (St. Petersburg). Okhotnikov, O. V. (Ekaterinburg). (Ekaterinburg). “Communicative “Mechanisms of the Formation of “A Critique of the Capacity of Competency of Individuals (On Intercultural Communication and Comparison.” 2002. the Basis of the Mastery of Intercultural Scripts for Human-centric Skills) and Interaction: Tendencies for the Pantina, L. A. (Kazan’). Tolerance.” 2003. Restructuring of Tolerant “Regional Features of Youth International Relations in the Extremism in National Kormina, Z. V. (St. Petersburg). Multiethnic Society of Republics.” 2004. “The Culture of Travel in Modern Contemporary Russia.” 2003. Russia: Between Excursion and Pas’ko, O. N. (Krasnodar). Pilgrimage.” 2004. Mikhailova, T. V. (St. Petersburg). “Patterns of Group Identity: “Beyond the Borders of ‘Diagnostics’ of Social Relations.” Koval’, T. B. (Moscow). “Christian Tolerance: Ethnic Problems in 2003. Traditions of Tolerance in Socio- Higher Education.” 2004. Economic Relations: Russia and Petukhov, V. B. (Ul’ianovsk). “The the West. Comparative Analysis Miliaeva, L. G. (Biisk, Altaiskii Terrorism Phenomenon in the and the Fundamental Tendencies krai). “The Methodology of Informational Field of Socio- of Development.” 2003. Activization of Political Cultural Influence on Society.” Employment.” 2002. 2002. Kuznetsova, A. E. (Voronezh). “Lexicographic Conceptology, Milovanov, I. E. (Rostov-na-donu). Rodnov, M. I. (Ufa). “In Search of Theology, and Mythic Poetics of “Political-Cultural ‘Enclavization’ Truth.” 2002. the Semantic Ties between of the Territory of the Northern ‘Tolerance’ and ‘Peace’ (‘Calm’).” Caucasus Region as a Factor of Savva, E. V. (Krasnodar). “Press, 2004. Separatism.” 2003. Freedom, and Inter-Ethnic Conflict: Inter-Communication in Latova, N. V. (Yaroslavl’). “The Myshinskii, A. L. (Ekaterinburg). the Case of Krasnodar.” 2002. Interaction of Officials and “A Critique of the Capacity of Entrepreneurs in the Context of Comparison.” 2002. Savva, M. V. (Krasnodar). “Press, Russian Business Culture.” 2002. Freedom, and Inter-Ethnic Napol’skikh, V. V. (Izhevsk). Conflict: Inter-Communication in Lebedeva, N. M. (Moscow). “Origins, Ethno-Linguistic the Case of Krasnodar.” 2002. “Social-Psychological Factors of Characteristics, and the Written Ethnic Tolerance: Intolerances in History of the Uyghers in Light of Semenova, T. O. (St. Petersburg). the Political-Cultural Regions of Early Obsk-Uygher-Perm “Lexicographic Conceptology, Russia.” 2002. Contacts.” 2003. Theology, and Mythic Poetics of the Semantic Ties between Levontina, I. B. (Moscow). Nesmiianova, O. V. (Omsk). “The ‘Tolerance’ and ‘Peace’ (‘Calm’).” “Understanding Key Ideas of the Proximity of Orthodoxy and 2004. Linguistic Map of the World as a Protestantism in the Heart of Factor of the Development of Russia and at its Borders (A Sharov, S. A. (Moscow). “The Tolerance.” 2004. Comparative Analysis Using the Province and Global Space: Examples of Western Siberia and Expression of Relations to the Lidzar’, T. A. (Khabarovsk). the Republic of Karelia).” 2002. Other in Different Cultures.” 2003. “Economic Relations and Gender Strategies in Small Businesses.” Nestik, T. A. (Yaroslavl’). “The Shmelev, A. D. (Moscow). 2003. Interaction of Officials and “Understanding Key Ideas of the Entrepreneurs in the Context of Linguistic Map of the World as a Loginov, A. V. (Ekaterinburg). Russian Business Culture.” 2002. Factor in the Development of “Tolerance: Conflict, Ideas, and Tolerance.” 2004. Methodology.” 2002. Okasheva, N. E. (Sel’tso, Leningradskaia oblast’). “The Shtyrkov, S. A. (St. Petersburg). Loginov, A. V. (Ekaterinburg). Culture of Travel in Modern “The Culture of Travel in Modern “Tolerance: The Problem of the Russia: Between Excursion and Russia: Between Excursion and 124 Means of its Symbolizing.” 2003. Pilgrimage.” 2004. Pilgrimage.” 2004.

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER Shugurov, M. V. (Saratov). Zinurov, A. M. (Kazan’). “Regional Berezovich, E. L. (Ekaterinburg). “Tolerance as a Socio-Cultural Features of Youth Extremism in “Onomastics and the Dialectal Technology and Institution of National Republics.” 2004. Lexicon of the Russian North as a Contemporary Civilization.” 2002. Source for Reconstructing the Zinurova, R. I. (Kazan’). “Regional Traditional Map of World Shumilova, E. A. (Kazan’). Features of Youth Extremism in Languages.” 2004. “Particularities of the Idea of National Republics.” 2004. Tolerance in Contemporary Bertash, A. V. (St. Petersburg). Religious Discourse.” 2004. “The Religious Communities of Voronezh CASE (Voronezh Pre-Baltic Persons in Northwest Smirnova, T. B. (Omsk). “The State University) Russia at the End of the Proximity of Orthdoxy and Nineteenth to the Beginning of Protestantism in the Heart of Abakumov, A. I. (Moscow). “The the Twenty-First Centuries: Mutual Russia and at its Borders (A French and Russians through Each Influence and Historical-Cultural Comparative Analysis Using the Other’s Eyes: Collective Images in Legacy.” 2002. Examples of Western Siberia and a Dialogue of Cultures of the Republic of Kareliia).” 2002. Industrial Civilizations.” 2002. Bliakher, L. E. (Khabarovsk). “Culturally Distinctive Features in Smotrova, T. N. (Balashov, Akol’zina, M. K. (Tambov). “The Transborder Economic Saratovskaia oblast’). “Caucasians Contribution of Foreigners to the Interactions: Regional Aspects and Crime: Study of the Levels of Development of Culture in the (Using the Examples of Predisposal to the Influences of Russian Provinces in the Khabarovsk and St. Petersburg).” Narcotics.” 2003. Nineteenth Through the 2002. Beginning of the Twentieth Tuzikov, A. R. (Kazan’). “Regional Centuries in the Context of Bogdanov, K. A. (St. Features of Youth Extremism in Dialogue Between Cultures Petersburg). “The Cultural National Republics.” 2004. (Based on the Materials of the ‘Construction’ of the Nation in Tambov Region).” 2003. Socio-Political Thought in Russia Vyskochil, A. A. (Moscow). in the Nineteenth Century.” “Social-Psychological Factors of Alekseev, I. L. (Makhachkala). 2002. Ethnic Tolerance: Intolerances in “Muslim Identity in Russia: the Political-Cultural Regions of Regional Versions.” 2002. Budnitskii, O. V. (Moscow). Russia.” 2002. “Ambassador of a Non-Existent Arakelian, F. A. (St. Petersburg). Country (B. A. Bakhmetev- Zaitsev, D. V. (Saratov). “New Russian Nationalism as a Diplomat, Politician, and “Tolerance and Integrated Socio-Cultural Project and the Thinker).” 2002. Education for Children with Spontaneously Appearing Models Disabilities: A Sociological of Interethnic Relations.” 2004. Bugaeva, L. D. (St. Petersburg). Analysis.” 2004. “Russian Mentality in Terms of the Bachurina, O. N. (St. Petersburg). Theories of Self-Organization.” Zalizniak, A. A. (Moscow). “The Legacy of S. N. Prokopovich 2002. “Understanding Key Ideas of the and its Place and Role in Russian Linguistic Map of the World as a Culture Overseas.” 2004. Bulatov, A. O. (Makhachkala). Factor of the Development of “Muslim Identity in Russia: Tolerance.” 2004. Barsukova, S. I. (Ul’ianovsk). Regional Versions.” 2002. “Actors and Interpreters: Models Zemskova, E. V. (Balashov, of Legitimacy of New Socio- Chebanova, E. I. (Leskolovo, Saratovskaia oblast’). “Caucasians Cultural Practices in Leningradskaia oblast’). “Germans and Crime: Study of the Levels of Contemporary Russia.” 2002. and Russians in Mid-Century Predisposal to the Influences of Novgorod: Problems of Narcotics.” 2003. Berezkina, E. S. (Kursk). “Reflection Interethnic Relations.” 2002. in the Language of Traditional Zenkova, A. I. (Ekaterinburg). Folklore of the Interaction of Chernikov, M. V. (Voronezh). “The Province and Global Space: Cultures (The Category of ‘Our/Not “Russian Reality: History, Expression of Relations to the Our;’ Resistance to Outside Philosophy, and Politics.” 2002. Other in Different Cultures.” 2003. Influence).” 2002. 125

30 YEAR REPORT | CENTERS FOR ADVANCED STUDY AND EDUCATION Chernykh, M. A. (St. Petersburg). Dubrovskaia, O. N. (Saratov). Grachev, S. V. (Saransk, Republic “The Cultural ‘Construction’ of the “Intercultural Communication and of Mordovia). “Geopolitical Nation in Socio-Political Thought Mutual Understanding Between Analysis of Regional Educational in Russia in the Nineteenth Cultures (Based on the Materials Space of the Volga Region.” 2002. Century.” 2002. of Complex Oral History).” 2003. Grachev, S. V. (Saransk). Chistiakov, A. I. (St. Petersburg). Dushin, O. E. (St. Petersburg). “Orthodox Christianity and Islam “Ethnic Identity of the “Confession and Conscience: The in the Territory of Mordovia: Contemporary Population of Formation of Procedures for Moral Problems of Dialogue (End of the Northwestern and Western Self-Control in Western European Nineteenth Through the Twentieth Russia.” 2003. Culture in the Thirteenth through Centuries).” 2003. Sixteenth Centuries.” 2004. Chudinov, A. V. (Moscow). “The Gurevich, E. L. (Mytishchi). French and Russians through Each Etkind, A. M. (St. Petersburg). “Intercultural Adaptation in the Other’s Eyes: Collective Images in “The Cultural ‘Construction’ of the Russia Megapolis: Socio-Spatial a Dialogue of Cultures of Nation in Socio-Political Thought Aspect.” Affiliated with Voronezh Industrial Civilizations.” 2002. in Russia in the Nineteenth CASE. Century.” 2002. Chulkov, O. A. (St. Petersburg). Iarlikapov, A. A. (Moskovskaia “Comparative Analysis of Frolova, S. A. (Kazan’). “The oblast, Balashikha). “Islamic Imaginative Perceptions of Nobility of the Middle Volga Education in the North Caucasus: Cultural Traditions.” 2004. Region in the First Half of the Past and Present.” 2002. Nineteenth Century.” 2002. D’iakova, T. A. (Voronezh). Iliukha, O. P. (Petrozavodsk). “Phenomenon of Russian Gefner, O. V. (Omsk). “Military “Social and Inter-Cultural Landscape Appreciation in the and Culture in Western Siberia, Adaptation of Ethnic Groups in Context of European Culture.” 1880-1914.” 2002. the New City.” 2002. 2004. Gladyshev, A. V. (Moscow). “The Ivlev, V. P. (St. Petersburg). Dmitriev, A. N. (St. Petersburg). French and Russians through Each “Russian Mentality: “The Problems of ‘Uniqueness’ Other’s Eyes: Collective Images in Consciousness, Unconsciousness, and ‘Universality’ in the a Dialogue of Cultures of and Other Language Data in the Methodological Evolution of Industrial Civilizations.” 2002. Formation of the Concept of Russian Humanities, 1910–30.” ‘Yid.’(Using Material from Modern 2002. Golovin, V. V. (St. Petersburg). Epigraphs).” 2002. “Contemporary Military Dobriakova, O. I. (Yaroslavl’). Subculture: Social Structure, Ivlev, V. P. (St. Petersburg). “Municipal Income in the Ritual, Folklore.” 2003. “Sphere, Boundaries, and Seventeenth to the First Quarter Function of the Concepts of ‘Yid’ of the Eighteenth Century: The Golovina, R. V. (Kursk). “Reflection and ‘Khachik’ in the Present Regional Experience in a System in the Language of Traditional Sociocultural Situation of Values of the Transition Period Folklore of the Interaction of (Comparative Characteristics).” from the Middle Ages to the New Cultures (The Category of ‘Our/Not 2004. Time (Based on Materials from Our’: Resistance to Outside Yaroslavl’).” 2002. Influence).” 2002. Kachkin, A. V. (Ul’ianovsk). “Actors and Interpreters: Models Dordzhieva, E. V. (Elista). Gorshkova, V. V. (Yaroslavl’). of Legitimacy of New Socio- “Cultural Traditions of the “Municipal Income in the Cultural Practices in Kalmyks and Modernity.” 2003. Seventeenth to the First Quarter Contemporary Russia.” 2002. of the Eighteenth Centuries: The Dubovik, V. V. (Tiumen’). Regional Experience in a System Kalabanov, A. N. (Moscow). “Impersonation as Political- of Values of the Transition Period “Schism or Reform: Innovative Cultural Dialogue: The Impostor from the Middle Ages to the New Trends in the Russian Orthodox Timofei Akindinov (The False Time (Based on the Materials of Church (The Example of the Shuiskii II).” 2004. Yaroslavl’).” 2002. Orthodox Brotherhood 126 ‘Sretenie’).” 2003.

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER Kaplunovskii, A. P. (Kazan’). “Salesmen: Agents of Modernization or a New Class? Trade and Industrial Workers in Pre-Revolutionary Russia: History, Culture, and Daily Life.” 2002.

Katunin, D. A. (Tomsk). “The Metaphoric Fragment of the Russian Language in the Map of the World.” 2002.

Kazakov, R. B. (Moscow). “New Local History.” 2004.

Ket’ko, S. M. (Cheliabinsk). “Socio-Cultural Changes in the Consciousness of Children: The Determinant and Motivational Irkutsk. Sergei Trubetskoi house. (Photo: William Brumfield) Functions of Advertisements.” 2004. Kirzhaeva, V. P. (Saransk, Dialogue Between Cultures Khalturina, D. A. (Moscow). Republic of Mordoviia). “The (Based on the Materials of the “Intercultural Adaptation in the Interrelations of Secular and Tambov Region).” 2003. Russian Megapolis: Socio-Spatial Ecclesiastical Power in the Sphere Aspect.” 2004. of Education in Russia at the End Kormina, Z. V. (St. Petersburg). of the Eighteenth to the “Alcohol in Traditional Russian Khizrieva, G. A. (Makhachkala). Nineteenth Century: The Regional Culture: Norms and Anomalies.” “Muslim Identity in Russia: Aspect (In the Materials of the 2002. Regional Versions.” 2002. Volga Province).” 2002. Kostiashkova, I. V. (Kaliningrad). Khristoforov, I. A. (Lukhovitsy, Kiselev, S. B. (St. Petersburg). “The Historical-Cultural Legacy of Moskovskaia oblast’). “Ethnic Identity of the Western Prussia and Formation of “Constructed Image: Russian Contemporary Population of the Historical Consciousness of Peasantry in Social Thought and Northwestern and Western Kaliningrad.” 2002. Governmental Politics From 1870 Russia.” 2003. Through the Beginning of the Kuleshov, E. V. (St. Petersburg). 1880s.” 2003. Kliaus, V. L. (Moscow). “Poetic “Contemporary Military Folklore of the Elderly Population Subculture: Social Structure, Khristoforov, I. A. (Lukhovitsy, of Trans-Baikal and Russian Ust’ as Ritual, Folklore.” 2003. Moskovskaia oblast’). Historical-Cultural Legacy in “Government Politics and Society: Interethnic Dialogue.” 2004. Kushkova, A. N. (St. Petersburg). Conservative Programs for the “Everyday Conflict in Economic Modernization of Russia Klimov, I. A. (Ul’ianovsk). “Actors Contemporary Russian Villages: (Second Quarter of the and Interpreters: Models of Collective Ideas and Social Nineteenth Century Through the Legitimacy of New Socio-Cultural Practices.” 2003. Beginning of the Twentieth Practices in Contemporary Century).” 2004. Russia.” 2002. Lapshina, I. K. (Vladimir). “Achieving the Idea of Cross- Kirillina, A. V. (Ivanovo). “‘Our’ Konchakov, R. B. (Tambov). “The Cultural Dialogue in the and ‘Foreign’ in National Identity: Contribution of Foreigners to the Formation of Russian Education.” The Experience of Gender Development of Culture in the 2002. Analysis (in the Materials of Russian Provinces in the Russian and German Culture).” Nineteenth Through the Laptun, V. I. (Saransk, Republic of 2002. Beginning of the Twentieth Mordoviia). “The Interrelations of Centuries in the Context of Secular and Ecclesiastical Power 127

30 YEAR REPORT | CENTERS FOR ADVANCED STUDY AND EDUCATION Lur’e, M. L. (St. Petersburg). Musaeva, V. I. (St. Petersburg). “Contemporary Military “National-Cultural Autonomy as a Subculture: Social Structure, View of National Self- Ritual, Folklore.” 2003. Determination: Historical Higher education is our connection Experience and Perspectives (in Lur’e, S. V. (St. Petersburg). “New the Materials of Northwest with the future. It is in institutions of Russian Nationalism as a Socio- Russia).” 2002. higher education where the best Cultural Project and the Spontaneously Appearing Models Nikonenko, S. V. (St. Petersburg). minds of every culture and country ask of Interethnic Relations.” 2004. “Comparative Analysis of Imaginative Perceptions of the questions that will lead to Malovichko, S. I. (Stavropol’). Cultural Traditions.” 2004. “advances in social, scientific and gov- “New Local History.” 2004. Okol’nishnikova, I. I. ernmental policies, and the develop- Markasova, E. V. (St. Petersburg). (Cheliabinsk). “Socio-Cultural “The Rural Correspondents’ Changes in the Consciousness of ment of science and philosophy—the Movement: The Social Children: The Determinant and kinds of breakthroughs that will Communication Experiment and Motivational Functions of its Results.” 2002. Advertisements.” 2004. advance a nation. Martynenko, A. V. (Saransk, Oparina, T. A. (Moscow). Republic of Mordoviia). “Foreigners in Russia from the Vartan Gregorian “Orthodox Christianity and Islam Sixteenth Through the President, Carnegie Corporation of New York in the Territory of Mordoviia: Seventeenth Centuries. Essays on Problems of Dialogue (End of the Historical Biography and 2003 Nineteenth Through the Twentieth Genealogy.” 2003. in the Sphere of Education in Centuries).” 2003. Russia at the End of the Ovchinnikov, M. V. (Cheliabinsk). Eighteenth to the Nineteenth Minakov, A. I. (Voronezh). “Socio-Cultural Changes in the Century: The Regional Aspect (In “Government Politics and Society: Consciousness of Children: The the Materials of the Volga Conservative Programs for the Determinant and Motivational Province).” 2002. Economic Modernization of Russia Functions of Advertisements.” (Second Quarter of the 2004. Lazareva, N. E. (Cheliabinsk). Nineteenth Century Through the “Socio-Cultural Changes in the Beginning of the Twentieth Paneiakh, E. L. (Khabarovsk). Consciousness of Children: The Century).” 2004. “Culturally Distinctive Features in Determinant and Motivational Transborder Economic Interactions: Functions of Advertisements.” Mineeva, S. V. (Kurgan). “Russian Regional Aspects (Using the 2004. Hagiography: Sources and Examples of Khabarovsk and St. Traditions.” 2002. Petersburg).” 2002. Levkievskaia, E. E. (Moscow). “Ukrainians Through Russian Eyes: Mishankina, N. A. (Tomsk). “The Pen’kovskaia, U. A. (Pervoural’sk, The Evolution of Ethno-Cultural Metaphoric Fragment of the Sverdlovskaia oblast’). “Poetic and Language Stereotypes.” Russian Language in the Map of Folklore of the Elderly Population 2003. the World.” 2002. of Trans-Baikal and Russian Ust’ as Historio-Cultural Legacy in a Liubzhin, A. I. (Moscow). Morozova, E. A. (Rasskazovo). Dialogue with Interethnic “‘Rossiada’ and the European “The Contribution of Foreigners Cultures.” 2004. Epic Traditions.” 2004. to the Development of Culture in the Russian Provinces in the Petrov, A. E. (Moscow). “The Lizunov, P. V. (Severodvinsk, Nineteenth Through the Evolution of Historical Memory: Arkhangelskaia oblast’). “The Beginning of the Twentieth Interpretations and Understanding Stock Market and Stock Market Centuries in the Context of of Images of the Kulikovsky Battle Legislation in Russia in the Dialogue Between Cultures in the Historical Consciousness of Nineteenth Century.” 2002. (Based on the Materials of the the Community.” 2002. 128 Tambov Region).” 2003.

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER Poberezhnikov, I. V. Riabov, O. V. (Ivanovo). “‘Our’ and (End of the Nineteenth Through (Ekaterinburg). “Spatial Dynamics ‘Foreign’ in National Identity: The the Twentieth Centuries).” 2003. of Modernization: Theoretical- Experience of Gender Analysis (in Methodological and Historical the Materials of Russian and Shkarovskii, M. V. (St. Aspects.” 2002. German Culture).” 2002. Petersburg). “The Religious Communities of Pre-Baltic Persons Poloznev, D. F. (Yaroslavl’). Rogacheva, E. I. (Vladimir). in Northwest Russia at the End of “Municipal Income in the “Achieving the Idea of Cross- the Nineteenth to the Beginning Seventeenth to the First Quarter Cultural Dialogue in the Formation of the Twenty-First Centuries: of the Eighteenth Century: The of Russian Education.” 2002. Mutual Influence and the Regional Experience in a System Historical-Cultural Legacy.” 2002. of Values of the Transition Period Romanenko, I. M. (St. from the Middle Ages to the New Petersburg). “Comparative Shuvaeva, V. V. (Volgograd). Time (in the Materials of Analysis of Imaginative “Interregional Research on the Yaroslavl’).” 2002. Perceptions of Cultural Organizational Culture of State Traditions.” 2004. Service.” 2003. Porshneva, O. S. (Nizhnii Tagil). “Interdisciplinary Methods for Rumiantseva, M. F. (Moscow). Solodiankina, O. I. (Cherepovets). Research of Historical “New Local History.” 2004. “Cross Cultural Dialogue in the Anthropology.” 2002. Activities of Foreign Governesses Sablina, S. G. (Novosibirsk). in Russia.” 2004. Pril’, L. N. (Tomsk). “The “Barriers to Intercultural Mentality of Microsocieties: Ways Communication in Contemporary Solomeshch, I. M. (Petrozavodsk). of Reflecting Objectively on Russia.” 2003. “Social and Intercultural Forms of Culture (Using Material Adaptation of Ethnic Groups in from the Old Believers Collections Sadovskaia, O. N. (St. the New City.” 2002. TOKM).” 2002. Petersburg). “New Russian Nationalism as a Socio-Cultural Sotnikov, A. O. (St. Petersburg). Proskuriakov, M. R. (St. Project and the Spontaneously “Comparative Analysis of Petersburg). “Russian Mentality in Appearing Models of Interethnic Imaginative Perceptions of Terms of the Theories of Self- Relations.” 2004. Cultural Traditions.” 2004. Organization.” 2002. Saprokhina, G. I. (Moscow). Stepanov, V. L. (Moscow). Pugacheva, M. G. (Moscow). “Intercultural Adaptation in the “Preconditions for the Monetary “The Legacy of Soviet Sociology: Russian Megapolis: Socio-Spatial Reforms of S. I. Witte: Politics of Preservation, Investigation, and Aspect.” 2004. the Ministry of Finance, 1881- Usage.” 2002. 1892.” 2003. Sedov, P.V. (St. Petersburg). Rakachev, V. N. (Krasnodar). “Cultural Traditionalism of the Stepanov, V. L. (Moscow). “Phenomenon of National- Appointment System (Kormleniia) “Government Politics and Society: Cultural Associations in Krasnodar in the Middle Ages and its Conservative Programs for the Krai: Sociological Analysis.” 2004. Modernization under Peter I.” Economic Modernization of Russia 2002. (Second Quarter of the Nineteenth Remnev, A. V. (Omsk). “Imperial Century Through the Beginning of Ideology of the Russian Shcherbinin, P. P. (Tambov). “‘The the Twentieth Century).” 2004. Movement to the East in the War Factor’ in Everyday Culture in Nineteenth to the Beginning of the Russian Provinces in the Strekalova, N. V. (Tambovskaia the Twentieth Century: In Search Nineteenth through the Beginning oblast’). “The Contribution of of a Geopolitical Orientation.” of the Twentieth Century (Based Foreigners to the Development of 2002. on Materials from the Black Sea Culture in the Russian Provinces in Center).” 2002. the Nineteenth Through the Rezanova, Z. I. (Tomsk). “The Beginning of the Twentieth Metaphoric Fragment of the Shilov, N. V. (Saransk, Republic or Centuries in the Context of Russian Language in the Map of Mordoviia). “Orthodox Christianity Dialogue Between Cultures the World.” 2002. and Islam in the Territory of (Based on the Materials of the Mordoviia: Problems of Dialogue Tambov Region).” 2003. 129

30 YEAR REPORT | CENTERS FOR ADVANCED STUDY AND EDUCATION Supriaga, S. V. (Kursk). Titova, T. A. (Kazan’). “The Vovina, V. G. (St. Petersburg). “Reflection in the Language of Dialogue of Cultures and “A.A. Shakhmatova’s Scientific Traditional Folklore of the Sociocultural Adaptations of School: The Less Explored Pages Interaction of Cultures (The Ethnic Minorities in Contemporary of History.” 2002. Category of ‘Our/Not Our’; Multiethnic Society.” 2004. Resistance to Outside Influence).” Zagoskin, D. V. (Tomsk). “The 2002. Tumanova, O.A. (Vladimir). Mentality of Microsocieties: Ways “Achieving the Idea of Cross- of Reflecting Objectively on Supriaga, S. V. (Kursk). “Poetic Cultural Dialogue in the Forms of Culture (Using Material Folklore of the Elderly Population Formation of Russian Education.” from the Old Believers Collections of Trans-Baikal and Russian Ust’ as 2002. TOKM).” 2002. Historical-Cultural Legacy in Interethnic Dialogue.” 2004. Usacheva, V. V. (Tambov). Zavialova, T. G. (Novosibirsk). “Intercultural Adaptation in the “The Role of Traditional Culture in Svobodny, F. K. (Barnaul, Altaiskii Russian Megapolis: Socio-Spatial the Social Life and International krai). “The Legal Awareness of Aspect.” 2004. Contacts of Contemporary Young Criminals.” 2002. China.” 2002. Vasiliev, M. I. (Novgorod Velikii). Taran, R. A. (St. Petersburg). “Local Holidays within the System Zelikova, I. A. (Khabarovsk). “Comparative Analysis of of the Celebratory Culture of the “Culturally Distinctive Features in Imaginative Perceptions of Russian People: Traditions and the Transborder Economic Cultural Traditions.” 2004. Present Day.” 2002. Interactions: Regional Aspects (Using the Examples of Temnitskii, A. L. (Moscow). “The Viner, B. E. (St. Petersburg). “The Khabarovsk and St. Petersburg).” Interaction of Soviet and Post- Transition to Other Ethnic 2002. Soviet Factors in the Formulation Religions as an Invitation to Ethnic of Economic Conduct of the Youth Identity (From Modern Material in Transformation of Russia.” 2002. St. Petersburg).” 2002.

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KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER CONFERENCES

The Kennan Institute sponsors an extensive program of meetings on topics relating to Russia and the former Soviet Union, seeking to function as a non-partisan forum in which experts from the academic community, government, business, and the media can engage in informed dialogue and share new research findings on the region. The following kinds of meetings are sponsored by the Institute:

• Noon Discussions: one-hour meetings usually devoted to current developments in Russia and the successor states to the Soviet Union. • Seminars and Colloquia: two-hour meetings in which scholars, journalists, and foreign visitors present and discuss recent research in depth. • Informal Discussions: meetings of Woodrow Wilson Center, Kennan Institute, and East European Studies scholars and staff addressed by resident scholars, staff, or visitors on works-in-progress concerning a wide range of Russian, Soviet, and East European topics. • Conferences and Workshops: one- to three-day gatherings at which leading experts explore specialized topics in Eurasian studies.

Early on, the Institute established noon discussions and colloquia formats for its public meetings; these formats remain effective to this day. Although noon discussions have migrated from Wednesdays to Tuesdays to Mondays, where they have remained for the past 17 years, they have always been dedicated to topics on current and historical affairs that bring academic and government specialists together in the same place to share insights and information. Seminars are devoted to longer presentations of new research findings, generally with a commentator reacting to the speaker’s written text. Conferences and workshops continue to serve the field of Russian/NIS studies by bringing experts from around the world together to explore topics in depth. The Kennan Institute cosponsors many conferences and colloquia with the other divisions of the Woodrow Wilson Center in order to integrate scholarship on different regions of the world and offer comparative perspectives on the politics and society of Russia and the former Soviet Union. Today, joint activities of the Center’s various programs concentrate on the areas of governance, religion, health, environment, and comparative urban studies—issues that are clearly of current and historical interest throughout the former Soviet Union. The following is a list of conferences and workshops sponsored by the Kennan Institute from 1974–2004. A complete list of all Kennan Institute meetings is available in the Institute’s previous annual reports. 131

30 YEAR REPORT | CONFERENCES 8 JANUARY 1976 Associate Professor of History, Political Science, Massachusetts Conference Bowling Green State University. Institute of Technology; Jan Triska, “THE SECOND ECONOMY OF Robert O. Crummey, Associate Professor of Political Science, THE USSR: HOW BIG IS IT? Professor of History, University of Stanford University. HOW IMPORTANT IS IT? California, Davis; Brenda Meehan- WHERE IS IT GOING?” Waters, Assistant Professor of “East-West Trade” Cosponsored by the American History, University of Rochester; Ed A. Hewett, Assistant Professor Association for the Advancement Bruce Menning, Assistant of Economics, University of Texas, of Slavic Studies. Professor of History, Miami Austin; Marshall Shulman, University; Daniel T. Orlovsky, Director, Russian Institute, Chair: Gregory Grossman, Assistant Professor of History, Columbia University. Professor of Economics, University Southern Methodist University; of California, Berkeley. Borivoj Plavsic, Assistant Professor 24–25 MARCH 1977 Aron Katzenelenboigen, Visiting of History, Harvard University; Conference Professor of Economics, University Stephen Sternheimer, Assistant “SOVIET POLITICS AND LIFE of Pennsylvania; Leon Lipson, Law Professor of Political Science, DURING THE EARLY COLD School, Yale University; Judith Ann Boston University; George Yaney, WAR, 1946–53” Thornton, Professor of Economics, Professor of History, University of University of Washington; Vladimir Maryland, College Park. “The Political System during G. Treml, Professor of Economics, the Cold War” Duke University. 16 NOVEMBER 1976 Jeremy Azrael, Professor of Conference Political Science, University of 26 MARCH 1976 “THE FUTURE OF SOVIET Chicago; Jerry F. Hough, Conference AGRICULTURE” Professor of Political Science, “THE TWENTY-FIFTH PARTY Chairs: Dick Clark, U.S. Senator, Duke University. CONGRESS IN MOSCOW” Iowa; James R. Millar, Professor of Economics, University of Illinois, Cosponsored by the U.S. “Soviet Society during the Department of State. Urbana-Champaign. Douglas Diamond, Chief, Cold War” Igor Birman, Silver Spring, USSR/East European Division, John A. Armstrong, Professor of Maryland; Herbert Levine, Office of Economic Research, Political Science, University of Professor of Economics, University Central Intelligence Agency; D. Wisconsin; Sheila Fitzpatrick, of Pennsylvania; Marshall Gale Johnson, Professor of Assistant Professor of History, Shulman, Director, Russian Economics, University of Chicago. Columbia University; Robert A. Institute, Columbia University. Commentator: Elizabeth Clayton, Lewis, Professor of Geography, Professor of Economics, University Columbia University, and Fellow, 7–8 MAY 1976 of Missouri, St. Louis. Kennan Institute. Conference “U.S. CORRESPONDENTS IN 23–25 FEBRUARY 1977 “Soviet Economy during the MOSCOW AND COVERAGE Conference Cold War” OF SOVIET AFFAIRS IN THE “SOVIET-AMERICAN RELA- Arcadius Kahan, Professor of AMERICAN PRESS” TIONS IN THE LATE 1970s” Economics and History, University Daniel Field, Syracuse University; Cosponsored by the American of Chicago; Vladimir G. Treml, Harrison E. Salisbury, The New Association for the Advancement Professor of Economics, Duke York Times; Theodore Shabad, of Slavic Studies. University. Editor, Foreign Desk, The New York Times; Henry Shapiro, Former “Soviet-American Arms “Soviet Science, Education, UPI Correspondent, Moscow. Control Negotiations” and Culture during the Cold William Potter, Fellow, Arms War” 15–17 SEPTEMBER 1976 Control and Disarmament Vera S. Dunham, Professor of Conference Program, Stanford University; Slavic Languages, City University “THE RUSSIAN BUREAU- Herbert Scoville, Washington, D.C. of New York; Loren R. Graham, CRATIC TRADITION” Professor of History, Columbia Chairs: Walter M. Pintner, “Eurocommunism and the University; Ernest R. May, Professor of History, Chair, Cornell New Europe” Professor of History, Harvard 132 University; Don K. Rowney, William E. Griffith, Professor of

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER University; Harrison E. Salisbury, Commentator: Wesley Fisher, Chair: Norton Dodge, Professor Diplomatic Correspondent, The Professor of Sociology, Columbia of Economics, University of New York Times. University. Maryland, College Park. John Bowlt, Associate Professor of 27–29 SEPTEMBER 1977 “The Soviet Worker and Russian Languages and Conference Society” Literatures, University of Texas, “PROBLEMS OF INDUSTRI- Chair: Peter Osnos, Foreign Austin; Igor Golomstock, Art AL LABOR IN THE USSR” Editor, The Washington Post. Historian and Critic; Alison Hilton, Walter D. Connor, Chair, East Assistant Professor of Art History, “The Labor Economics of the European/USSR Program, Foreign University of Indiana; Janet USSR” Service Institute; Vera S. Dunham, Kennedy, Professor of Art History, Chair: Glenn Watts, President, Professor of Slavic Languages and University of Indiana; Alek Communications Workers of Literature, Queens College, City Rapoport, Leningrad and San America. University of New York; Arcadius Francisco. Janet Chapman, Professor of Kahan, Professor of Economics, Economics, University of University of Chicago. 14 APRIL–19 MAY 1978 Pittsburgh; Murray Feshbach, Chief, Commentator: Everett Kassalow, Conference USSR Population, Employment, Professor of Economics, University “THE USSR AND THE and R&D Branch, Foreign of Wisconsin, Madison. SOURCES OF SOVIET Demographic Analysis Division, POLICY” U.S. Department of Commerce. “Soviet Trade Unions and Organizations Affecting Labor Commentator: David Granick, “The Political System” in the National Arena” Professor of Economics, University Millicent Fenwick, U.S. Chair: Abraham Brumberg, Office of Wisconsin, Madison. Representative, New Jersey; of External Research, U.S. Michel Tatu, Le Monde, Paris. “Trade Unions at the Factory” Department of State. Phillip Grossman, Central Chair: William Hewitt, John Deere “The Apparatus of Power” Intelligence Agency; Alex Pravda, Foundation. Grey Hodnett, Central Intelligence Lecturer in Politics, University of Rensselaer W. Lee III, Senior Agency; Peter Osnos, The Reading. Research Analyst, Mathematica, Washington Post. Inc.; Bernice Madison, Professor Commentator: Vernon Aspaturian, Professor of Political of Social Welfare, San Francisco “Soviet Society in Transition” Science, Pennsylvania State State University, and Fellow, James H. Billington, Director, University. Kennan Institute; Blair A. Ruble, Woodrow Wilson Center; Ph.D. candidate, Department of Alexander Dallin, Stanford “Soviet Trade Unions in the Political Science, University of University and Fellow, Kennan International Arena” Toronto. Institute; Murray Feshbach, U.S. Chair: Renato Mieli, Secretary- Commentator: David Lane, Department of Commerce; Robert General, Centro Etude Senior Lecturer in Sociology, Kaiser, The Washington Post; Richerchesu Problemi Economico- Emmanuel College, Cambridge. Allen Kassof, International Sociali, Milan. Research and Exchanges Board. “Soviet Workers on the Job Roy Godson, Assistant Professor of Government, Georgetown and at Home” “The Soviet Economy” University; Benjamin Martin, Chair: William Winpisinger, Marshall Goldman, Wellesley Carnegie Endowment for President, International College; Russian Research Center, International Peace. Association of Machinists and Harvard University; Gregory Aerospace Workers. Grossman, University of California, 16 OCTOBER 1977 Gail W. Lapidus, Associate Berkeley; Jacob Javits, U.S. Conference Professor of Political Science and Congress; Herbert S. Levine, Sociology, University of California, “CONTEMPORARY ART IN University of Pennsylvania; Glenn Berkeley; Mervyn Matthews, THE USSR” Watts, Communications Workers Senior Lecturer in Sociology, Cosponsored by the American of America, AFL-CIO. University of Surrey, United Association forthe Advancement Kingdom; Aaron Vinokur, of Slavic Studies and “The Soviet Armed Forces” Professor of Sociology, Haifa the Cremona Foundation. Thomas J. Downey, U.S. University, Israel. Congress; Roman Kolkowicz, 133

30 YEAR REPORT | CONFERENCES Center for Arms Control and Scholar, Kennan Institute; Walter of Windsor, Canada; Egon International Security, University D. Connor, Chair, East European- Neuberger, Professor of of California, Los Angeles; Paul H. USSR Program, Foreign Service Economics, State University of Nitze, U.S. State Department and Institute; Martin Dewhirst, New York, Stony Brook; Marton U.S. SALT Delegation; William E. Lecturer in Slavonic Languages, Tardos, Institute for Economic and Odom, U.S. Army, National University of Glasgow, United Market Research, Budapest; Laura Security Council; William Y. Smith, Kingdom; John Dunlop, Assistant D’Andrea Tyson, Assistant U.S. Air Force, Joint Chiefs of Professor of History, Oberlin Professor of Economics, University Staff. College; William H. Luers, U.S. of California, Berkeley. Department of State; Dimitry “Soviet Relations with Pospielovsky, Professor of History, Country Studies III Communist States” University of Western Ontario; Morris Bornstein, Professor of Richard T. Davies, former U.S. Ronald G. Suny, Associate Economics, University of Ambassador to Poland, and Guest Professor of History, Oberlin Michigan. Scholar, Kennan Institute; Richard College; Nils Udgaard, Löwenthal, Free University of Aftenposten, Oslo; S. Enders International Trade Berlin; Klaus Mehnert, Technical Wimbush, Rand Corporation. Ed A. Hewett, Assistant Professor University, Aachen, Federal of Economics, University of Texas, Republic of Germany; Harrison E. 24–26 SEPTEMBER 1978 Austin; C. W. Lawson, Professor of Salisbury, The New York Times; Conference Economics, School of Humanities Helmut Sonnenfeldt, School for “THE IMPACT OF INTERNA- and Social Sciences, University of Advanced International Studies, TIONAL ECONOMIC DIS- Bath, United Kingdom. Johns Hopkins University. TURBANCES ON THE Policy Issues “Soviet Policy toward the SOVIET UNION AND WEST- Jeremy Azrael, Professor of Third World and the USA” ERN EUROPE” Political Science, University of William G. Hyland, School of Chair: Egon Neuberger, Professor Chicago; Alexandre Bennigsen, Foreign Service, Georgetown of Economics, State University of Professor of History, University of University; Edward M. Kennedy, New York, Stony Brook. Chicago; Steven Burg, Assistant U.S. Senator, Massachusetts; Professor of Political Science, William H. Luers, U.S. Department Theoretical Models I University of Chicago; Murray of State; Stephen Rosenfeld, The Peter Kenen, Professor of Feshbach, Chief, USSR Population, Washington Post; Malcolm Toon, Economics, Princeton University; Employment and R&D Branch, U.S. Ambassador to Moscow. Laura D’Andrea Tyson, Assistant Foreign Demographic Analysis Professor of Economics, University Division, U.S. Department of 9–10 JUNE 1978 of California, Berkeley; Thomas Commerce; Richard Frye, Professor Conference Wolf, Professor of Economics, of Near Eastern Languages and “POLITICAL IMPLICATIONS Ohio State University. Civilization, Harvard University; OF CONTEMPORARY RUSS- Andrzej Korbonski, Professor of Theoretical Models II Political Science, University of IAN NATIONALISM” Edward Ames, Professor of California, Los Angeles; Theodore Chairs: Abraham Brumberg, Economics, State University of Shabad, Editor, Foreign Desk, The Office of External Research, U.S. New York, Stony Brook; Richard New York Times; Sarah M. Terry, Department of State, and Guest Portes, Institute for International Professor of Political Science, Tufts Scholar, Kennan Institute; Walter Economic Studies, Stockholm. University; William Zimmerman, D. Connor, Chair, East European- Director, Center for Russian and USSR Program, Foreign Service Country Studies I East European Studies, University Institute. Steven Rosefielde, Associate of Michigan. John A. Armstrong, Professor of Professor of Economics, University Political Science, University of of North Carolina, Chapel Hill. 16–17 NOVEMBER 1978 Wisconsin; Gerald Brooke, Conference Lecturer in Russian Studies, Country Studies II “ART AND SOCIETY IN Polytechnic Institute of Central Alan A. Brown, Professor of NINETEENTH-CENTURY London, United Kingdom; Economics, University of Windsor, Abraham Brumberg, Office of Canada; Zbigniew Fallenbuchl, RUSSIA” External Research, U.S. Professor of Economics, University Cosponsored by the University of 134 Department of State, and Guest Minnesota, with support from the

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER American Association for the “The Emergence of a Advancement of Slavic Studies Corporate Spirit among and the Committee on Russian Entrepreneurs: The Institutional Cooperation. Late Imperial Period” Held at the University of Boris V. Anan’ich, Professor of Minnesota in conjunction with the History, Leningrad State opening of an exhibition based on University; and Short-Term paintings and objects in Soviet Scholar, Kennan Institute; John museums. Armstrong, Professor of Political Science, University of Wisconsin; John E. Bowlt, Associate Professor Fred Carstensen, Assistant of Slavic Languages, University of Professor of History, University of Texas, Austin; Alison Hilton, Virginia; Olga Crisp, Professor of Assistant Professor of Fine Arts, Slavonic and East European Indiana University; Janet Kennedy, Studies, University of London, and Assistant Professor of Fine Arts, Short-Term Scholar, Kennan Indiana University; Paul Schaffer, A Institute; Arcadius Kahan, La Vieille Russie, New York; Albert Professor of Economics, University Schmidt, Professor of History, of Chicago; Ruth A. Roosa, Irkutsk. Synagogue. (Photo: William Brumfield) University of Bridgeport; S. Russian Institute, Columbia Frederick Starr, Secretary, Kennan University. Institute; Theofanis G. Stavrou, International Communication Professor of History, University of “The Post-Revolutionary Agency; S. Frederick Starr, Minnesota; Joshua C. Taylor, Period” Secretary, Kennan Institute. Director, National Collection of Gregory Guroff, U.S. International Alexandre Bennigsen, Director of Fine Arts; Elizabeth Kirdl Communication Agency; Roy Studies, École des Hautes Études Valkenier, Columbia University. Laird, Professor of Political en Sciences Sociales, Paris, and Science, University of Kansas; Fellow, Kennan Institute; James 16–17 NOVEMBER 1978 Betty Laird, Professor of Political Critchlow, Board for International Conference Science, University of Kansas. Broadcasting; Murray Feshbach, “ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND Chief, USSR Population, ECONOMIC INNOVATION “The Contemporary Period: Employment and R&D Branch, New Departures” Foreign Demographic Analysis IN RUSSIA AND THE USSR” David Granick, Professor of Division, U.S. Department of Chair: Cyril E. Black, Director, Economics, University of Commerce; William Griffith, Center of International Studies, Wisconsin, Madison, and Fellow, Massachusetts Institute of Princeton University. Kennan Institute; Gregory Technology; Jerry F. Hough, Duke Joseph Berliner, Professor of Grossman, Professor of University; Firuz Kazemzadeh, Economics, Brandeis University; Economics, University of Professor of History, Yale William Blackwell, Professor of California, Berkeley. University; David Libaridian, Ph.D. History, New York University; Fred candidate, Department of History, Carstensen, Assistant Professor of “Organizing for Innovation in University of California, Los History, University of Virginia; the 1970s” Angeles; Mary Matossian, Gregory Guroff, U.S. International Paul Cocks, Arms Control University of Maryland; Gertrude E. Communication Agency. Program, Stanford University. Schroeder, Professor of Economics, University of Virginia; Ronald Shaw, “The Origins of Russian 15 MAY 1979 Associate Professor of History, Entrepreneurship” Conference Oberlin College; Vladimir G. Treml, Samuel H. Baron, Professor of Duke University; S. Enders History, University of North “THE SOVIET CAUCASUS” Wimbush, Rand Corporation. Carolina; Evsey Domar, Professor Cosponsored by the U.S. of Economics, Massachusetts International Communication 21–25 AUGUST 1979 Institute of Technology; Walther Agency. Conference Kirchner, Professor Emeritus of History, University of Delaware. Chairs: Gregory Guroff, Chief, “RUSSIAN AMERICA” Soviet and East European Unit, Sitka, Alaska. Cosponsored by the Office of Research, U.S. American Historical Association. 135

30 YEAR REPORT | CONFERENCES Nikolai N. Bolkhovitinov, Institute of Geography, University of Simes, Director, Soviet Policy of History, Moscow; Svetlana G. Kansas; Marshall Goldman, Studies, Center for Stategic and Fedorova, Institute of Professor of Economics, Harvard International Studies, Georgetown Ethnography, Moscow; James University; Ed A. Hewett, University; S. Frederick Starr, Gibson, Professor of Geography, Professor of Economics, University Secretary, Kennan Institute. York University, Ontario; Howard of Texas, Austin; Robert G. Kushner, Professor of History, Jensen, Professor of Geography, 19 DECEMBER 1979 Concordia University, Montreal; Syracuse University; Allan L. Kretz, Conference Rosa Liapunova, Institute of Professor of Economics, Purdue “SOVIET HOUSING AND Ethnography, Leningrad; Raisa University; Victor Mote, Professor URBAN DESIGN” Makarova, Moscow State of Geography, University of Cosponsored by the U.S. Historical Archival Institute; Houston; Theodore Shabad, Department of Housing and Richard A. Pierce, Professor of Editor, Foreign Desk, The New Urban Development. History, Queens University, York Times; Arthur Wright, Andrew Assur, Chief Scientist, U.S. Kingston, Canada; Winston Professor of Economics, Purdue Army Cold Regions Research and Sarafian, Professor of History, University. Engineering Laboratory; Timothy Oxnard College; Anatole J. Colton, Professor of Political Senkevitch, Associate Professor of 16 OCTOBER 1979 Economy, University of Toronto; Architecture, University of Conference George J. Demko, Professor of Maryland, College Park; Mary E. “POPULAR CULTURE IN THE Geography, Ohio State University; Wheeler, Professor of History, SOVIET UNION” William Diskant, Executive Vice- North Carolina State University. Cosponsored by the U.S. President, American Hydrotherm Department of State. Corporation; Alexander Garvin, 3–5 SEPTEMBER 1979 City Planning Commission, New Conference Vera S. Dunham, Professor of York City; Henry W. Morton, “SOVIET-AMERICAN WRIT- Slavic Languages, Queens Professor of Political Science, ERS’ CONFERENCE” College, New York; Vladimir Queens College, City University of Cosponsored by the Charles F. Frumkin, Professor of German and New York; Robert E. Philleo, Kettering Foundation and the Russian, Oberlin College; Vladimir Chief, Concrete Branch, U.S. Army Union of Writers of the USSR. Shlapentokh, Professor of Corps of Engineers; Thomas Held at Pitsunda on the Black Sea Sociology, Michigan State Poulsen, Professor of Geography, in the USSR. University; S. Frederick Starr, Central European Studies Center, Secretary, Kennan Institute; Portland State University; Robert Chairs: Norman Cousins, Nikolai Richard Stites, Professor of Ramsey, Vice President, Leo Daly Fedorenko. History, Georgetown University. Company; Michael Rywkin, Participants: Grigol Abashidze, Professor of Political Science, City Grigory Baklanov, James Baldwin, 3 DECEMBER 1979 College of New York; David Segal, John Cheever, James Dicke, Conference Professor of City and Regional Francine Du Plessix Gray, Daniil “THE SOVIET UNION Planning, Harvard University; Granin, Stanley Kunitz, Felix TODAY” Charles C. Thiel Jr., Assistant Kuznetsov, Harrison E. Salisbury, Moderator: Bill Monroe, Associate Director, Natural and Vladimir Soloukhin. Moderator, “Meet the Press,” Technical Hazards Office, Federal NBC. Emergency Management Agency; OCTOBER 1979 Walter D. Connor, Chair, East Jack Underhill, Program Analysis Conference European–USSR Program, Foreign Specialist, U.S. Department of “THE IMPACT OF SOVIET Service Institute; Murray Housing and Urban Development. MINERAL RESOURCES ON Feshbach, Chief, USSR 24–26 JANUARY 1980 THE WORLD ECONOMY” Population, Employment, and Conference Cosponsored by the Association R&D Branch, Foreign of American Geographers and the Demographic Analysis Division, “THE SECOND ECONOMY National Science Foundation. U.S. Department of Commerce; OF THE USSR” Fellow, Kennan Institute; Sam Cosponsored by the National Brenton M. Barr, Professor of Ramer, Assistant Professor of Council for Soviet and East Geography, University of Calgary, History, Tulane University, and European Research. 136 Canada; Leslie Dienes, Professor Fellow, Kennan Institute; Dimitri K.

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER Chair: Gregory Grossman, Fischer, McGill University; Ed A. University, of California, Berkeley, Professor of Economics, University Hewett, Associate Professor of and Fellow, Wilson Center. of California, Berkeley. Economics, University of Texas, Austin; Kalman Rupp, Research 4–5 APRIL 1980 “Ideology and Law” Associate, Center for Policy Conference Chair: Herbert Block, Washington, Studies, Columbia University; “SOVIET NATURAL D.C. Jonathan Unger, Assistant Professor RESOURCES IN THE WORLD George Ginsburgs, Rutgers of East Asian Culture and ECONOMY” University; Leon Lipson, Professor Sociology, University of Kansas; Jan Cosponsored by the Association of Law, Yale University; Stanislaw Vanous, Professor of Economics, of American Geographers. Pomorski, Professor of Law, University of British Columbia. Rutgers University; Robert Sharlet, Chair: Robert G. Jensen, Union College; Judith Ann “Economic Effects and Professor of Geography, Syracuse Thornton, Professor of Economics, Implications” University. University of Washington. Chair: Leon Lipson, Professor of Holland Hunter, Professor of Law, Yale University. Economics, Haverford College; “Macro-Foundations of the Jan Adam, University of Calgary; Victor Mote, Chair, Department of Second Economy and Igor Birman, Consultant, Geography, University of Houston; Corruption” Washington, D.C.; Morris Theodore Shabad, Editor, Foreign Chair: John P. Hardt, Assistant Bornstein, University of Michigan; Desk, The New York Times; Allen Director for Senior Specialists, Gertrude Schroeder Greenslade, S. Whiting, Professor of Political Congressional Research Service, University of Virginia; Gur Ofer, Science, University of Michigan. U.S. Library of Congress. Professor of Economics, Hebrew Aron Katzenelenboigen, University of Jerusalem; Aaron “Soviet Foreign Trade in University of Pennsylvania; Vinokur, Professor of Sociology, Natural Resources” Michael Marrese, Professor of Haifa University. Lawrence Brainard, Vice President, Economics, Northwestern Bankers Trust Company; Ed A. University; Joyce Pickersgill, “Social and Political Hewett, Associate Professor of Professor of Economics, California Implications” Economics, University of Texas, State University, Fullerton; Peter Chair: Herbert S. Levine, Austin; Martin Kohn, Central Wiles, Professor of Economics, Professor of Economics, University Intelligence Agency; Arthur London School of Economics and of Pennsylvania. Wright, Chair, Department of Political Science. Zygmunt Bauman, Professor of Economics, University of Sociology, University of Leeds; Connecticut. “Particular Studies: USSR” Walter D. Connor, Chief, East Chair: Judith Ann Thornton, European USSR Program, Foreign “The Energy Factor” Professor of Economics, University Service Institute; Grey Hodnett, Robert Campbell, Professor of of Washington. Director of Soviet Studies, Central Economics, Indiana University; Keith Bush, Radio Liberty Intelligence Agency; Kenneth Leslie Dienes, Professor of Research, Munich; Gregory Jowitt, Professor of Political Geography, University of Kansas; Grossman, Professor of Science, University of California, Arthur Meyerhoff, Consulting Economics, University of Berkeley; Dimitri K. Simes, Center Geologist, Tulsa; Jonathan Stern, California, Berkeley; Dennis for Strategic and International Conaut & Associate, Ltd., London. O’Hearn, Ph.D. candidate, Studies, Georgetown University; Economics, University of Ronald G. Suny, Oberlin College. 24–25 APRIL 1980 Michigan; Susan Rose-Ackerman, Conference Yale University; Konstantin Simis, “Concluding Session” Consultant, Washington, D.C. Chair: Abraham S. Becker, Rand “NATIONALISM AND Corporation. SOCIAL CHANGE IN TRAN- “Particular Studies: Eastern Bruno Contini, Professor of SCAUCASIA” Europe, China” Economics, University of Turin; Cosponsored by the American Chair: Abram Bergson, Harvard Michael Marrese, Professor of Association for the Advancement University. Economics, Northwestern of Slavic Studies. Anita Chan, Assistant Professor of University; John M. Montias, East Asian Culture and Sociology, Professor of Economics, Yale Chair: Ronald G. Suny, Professor University of Kansas; Lewis A. University; John T. Noonan, Jr., of History, Oberlin College. 137

30 YEAR REPORT | CONFERENCES “The Roots of Caucasian Civilization” Alexandre Bennigsen, Director of Studies, École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales, Paris, and University of Chicago; Nina Garsoian, Columbia University; Peter Golden, Rutgers University; Robert W. Thomson, Harvard University.

“Russian Rule and Caucasian Society” George Bournoutian, Columbia University; L. Hamilton Rhinelander, St. Thomas University; Ronald G. Suny, Oberlin College.

“Nationalism and Socialism Taltsy (Irkutsk Region). Log post house. (Photo: William Brumfield) among the Christian Caucasians” Richard Hovannisian, University of Fairbanks, Jr., Yale University; the Center for Public Policy, California, Los Angeles; Gerard J. Mary Matossian, University of University of Houston. Libaridian, American Armenian Maryland, College Park; William International College; Anahide Ter G. Rosenberg, University of “Agriculture in the Minassian, Centre d’Études sur Michigan; Robert C. Tucker, Prerevolutionary Era” L’URSS, France; Ronald G. Suny, Princeton University. Chair: Robert C. Stuart, Rutgers Oberlin College. University. “Transcaucasia since Stalin” Paul R. Gregory, University of “Nationalism and Socialism Alexandre Bennigsen, Director of Houston; Mark Harrison, among the Muslim Peoples” Studies, École des Hautes Études University of Warwick; Arcadius Audrey Altstadt, University of en Sciences Sociales, Paris; and Kahan, University of Chicago; Chicago; Alexandre Bennigsen, University of Chicago; Gertrude James R. Millar, University of Director of Studies, École des Schroeder Greenslade, University Illinois; S. G. Wheatcroft, Hautes Études en Sciences of Virginia; Brian Silver, Michigan University of Birmingham. Sociales, Paris; University of State University; Theodore Shabad, Chicago; Chantal Lemercier- The New York Times; Robert C. “Agriculture in the Early Quelquejay, Centre d’Études sur Tucker, Princeton University. Soviet Period” L’URSS, France; Tadeusz Chair: Joseph S. Berliner, Swietochowski, Monmouth 6–7 FEBRUARY 1981 Brandeis University. College. Briefing Mark Harrison, University of “A BRIEFING FOR THE Warwick; Arcadius Kahan, “Revolution and the Quest for AMERICAN PRESS ON THE University of Chicago; James R. Millar, University of Illinois; S. G. Independence” SOVIET UNION: ITS FUTURE Artin Arslanian, St. Olaf College; Wheatcroft, University of AND THE FORTHCOMING Richard G. Hovannisian, University Birmingham; Eugene Zaleski, of California, Los Angeles; Firuz PARTY CONGRESS” Centre National de la Récherche Kazemzadeh, Yale University; Chair: Abbott Gleason, Secretary, Scientifique, Paris. Peter Kenez, University of Kennan Institute. California, Santa Cruz, and Fellow, “Analysis of the Soviet Rural Kennan Institute; Ronald G. Suny, 13–14 APRIL 1981 Community” Oberlin College. Conference Chair: Anton F. Malish, U.S. “THE SOVIET RURAL Department of Agriculture. “Transcaucasia and Stalinism” ECONOMY” Alfred Evans, California State Stephen Blank, University of Cosponsored by the U.S. University, Fresno; Gertrude 138 California, Riverside; Charles Department of Agriculture and Schroeder Greenslade, University

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER of Virginia; Barbara Severin, U.S. International Communication Robert Tucker, Professor of Politics, Central Intelligence Agency; Agency. Princeton University; Robert C. Vladimir G. Treml, Duke University. Frederick Barghoorn, Yale Williams, Professor of History, University; Richard Combs, U.S. Washington University, St. Louis. “Contemporary Soviet State Department; Grey Hodnett, Agriculture: Basic Research I” Central Intelligence Agency; Jerry “The Reshaping of Man” Chair: Paul R. Gregory, University F. Hough, Duke University; Edward Jeffrey Brooks, Assistant Professor of Houston. Keenan, Harvard University; Daniel of History, University of Chicago; Clark J. Chandler, Economic Matuszewski, International Linda Gerstein, Professor of Consulting Services; Elizabeth M. Research and Exchanges Board; S. History, Haverford College; Peter Clayton, University of Missouri, St. Enders Wimbush, Rand Juviler, Professor of Political Louis; Vladimir G. Treml, Duke Corporation; Alexander Yanov, Science, Barnard College; Peter University; Michael L. Wyzan, University of California, Berkeley. Kenez, Professor of History, Wake Forest University. University of California, Santa Cruz; “Round Table: Implications of Richard Taylor, Lecturer of Politics, “Contemporary Soviet Great Russian Nationalism for University College of Swansea. Agriculture: Basic Research II” Soviet and American Foreign Chair, James R. Millar, University Policy” “Revolutionary Values and of Illinois. Mark Garrison, Brown University; Morality” Clark J. Chandler, Economic Arkady Shevchenko, Washington, Barbara Evans Clements, Consulting Services; Elizabeth M. D.C.; Strobe E. Talbott, Time. Associate Professor of History, Clayton, University of Missouri, St. University of Akron; Beatrice Louis; Frank A. Durgin, University 18–19 MAY 1981 Farnsworth, Associate Professor of of Southern Maine; Kenneth R. Conference History, Wells College; George Gray, North Texas State University; “THE FORMATIVE YEARS Kline, Professor of Philosophy, Michael L. Wyzan, Wake Forest OF SOVIET CULTURE” Bryn Mawr College; Richard University. Cosponsored by the American Stites, Associate Professor of Association for the Advancement History, Georgetown University, “Soviet Agriculture: Changing of Slavic Studies and and Fellow, Kennan Institute. Trends and Prospects” Georgetown University. Chair, Robert C. Stuart, Rutgers “Hagiography and University. Chairs: Abbott Gleason, Iconoclasm” Daniel L. Bond, Stanford Research Secretary, Kennan Institute; Peter James McClelland, Professor of Institute; Frank A. Durgin, Kenez, Professor of History, History, University of Nebraska; University of Southern Maine; University of California, Santa Sidney Monas, Professor of History Alfred B. Evans, California State Cruz; Richard Stites, Associate and Slavic Languages, University University; Donald W. Green, Professor of History, Georgetown of Texas, Austin; Richard Stites, Chase Manhattan Bank; Everett University, and Fellow, Woodrow Associate Professor of History, M. Jacobs, University of Sheffield; Wilson Center. Georgetown University; Nina Valentin Litvin, University of Tumarkin, Associate Professor of Alabama. “Approaches to Soviet History, Wellesley College. Culture” 8 MAY 1981 Sheila Fitzpatrick, Professor of “Art and Revolution” Conference History, University of Texas; John Bowlt, Professor of Slavic “RUSSIAN NATIONALISM IN Abbott Gleason, Secretary, Languages, University of Texas, THE USSR” Kennan Institute; David Joravsky, Austin; Lars Kleberg, Professor of Cosponsored by the U.S. Professor of History, Northwestern Slavic Literature, University of International Communication University; Daniel Orlovsky, Stockholm; Anatole Kopp, Agency. Assistant Professor of History, Professor of Architecture, Southern Methodist University. University of Paris VIII; Christine Chairs: Gregory Guroff, Chief, Lodder, Lecturer in Fine Arts, Soviet and East European Unit, “Bolshevism as Culture” University of St. Andrews, Office of Research, U.S. William Rosenberg, Professor of Scotland; S. Frederick Starr, Vice International Communications History, University of Michigan; President for Academic Affairs, Agency; Steven Grant, Soviet Jutta Scherrer, Professor of Russian Tulane University, and former Affairs Analyst, Office of Research, History, University of Paris VIII; Secretary, Kennan Institute. 139

30 YEAR REPORT | CONFERENCES “Comparing Cultural 14 JANUARY AND 4 MARCH Opening Remarks Revolutions” 1983 James H. Billington, Director, Maurice Meisner, Professor of Conference Woodrow Wilson Center; John History, University of Wisconsin, “THE SOVIET UNION IN Glad, Secretary, Kennan Institute; Madison, and Fellow, Wilson THE 1980s” David Nalle, former Deputy Center. Cosponsored by the U.S. Associate Director for Education Information Agency. and Cultural Affairs, U. S. 18 SEPTEMBER 1981 Information Agency, and former Conference Chair: Helmut Sonnenfeldt, Guest Guest Scholar, Kennan Institute. “OPENING SESSION OF Scholar, Brookings Institution. THE SOVIET-AMERICAN Panel I Moderator: James Critchlow, CONFERENCE ON THE “Soviet Politics and Society” Chair: Robert Byrnes, Director, Board for International RUSSIAN LANGUAGE” Broadcasting. Alexandre Cosponsored by the National Distinguished Professor of History, Indiana University. Bennigsen, Director of Studies, Endowment for the Humanities; École des Hautes Études en the American Council of Teachers Murray Feshbach, Senior Research Scholar, Center for Population Sciences Sociales, Paris, and for- of Russian; the Ministry of Higher mer Fellow, Kennan Institute; Paul and Specialized Secondary Research, Georgetown University; Thane Gustafson, Research Goble, Analyst, Foreign Broadcast Education of the USSR; and the Information Service; Timur University of Maryland, and in Associate, Rand Corporation; Gail Lapidus, Chair, Center for Slavic Kocaoglu, Research Scholar, cooperation with George Mason National Center of Scientific University; the Pushkin Institute of and East European Studies, University of California, Berkeley. Research, Paris; David the Russian Language, Moscow; Montgomery, Brigham Young and the Woodrow Wilson Center. “Cultural and Intellectual Life” University; Azade Ayse Rorlich, Associate Professor of History, “Perspectives on Maurice Friedberg, Chair, Department of Slavic Languages University of Southern California; Contemporary Russian Mehmen Saray, University of Language” and Literatures, University of Illinois. Istanbul; M. Nazif Shahrani, Pitzer V. V. Ivanov, Academy of Sciences College. of the USSR; V. G. Kostomarov, Director, Pushkin Institute. “The USSR and the World Outside” Panel II Chair: Cyril E. Black, Director, Moderator: Nancy Lubin, U.S. 22 OCTOBER 1981 Office of Technology Assessment. Conference Center of International Studies, Princeton University, and Fellow, Murray Feshbach, Senior Research “YUGOSLAVIA AFTER TITO” Kennan Institute. Scholar, Center for Population and Cosponsored by the U.S. Seymour Goodman, Professor of Research, Georgetown University; International Communication Magnetic Information Systems, Firuz Kazemzadeh, Yale University; Agency. University of Arizona; Ed A. Daniel Matuszewski, Associate Hewett, Senior Fellow, Brookings Director, International Research Dennis Bennett, Analyst, Central Institution; Robbin Laird, Political and Exchanges Board; Michael Intelligence Agency; Steven Burg, Scientist, Washington, D.C.; Rywkin, Professor of Russian, City Professor of Political Science, Dimitri K. Simes, Director, Soviet College of New York; Theodore Brandeis University; Donald and East European Research Shabad, Editor, Soviet Geography, Green, Vice President, Chase Program, Johns Hopkins Columbia University; Mobin Manhattan Bank; James Seroka, University. Shorish, University of Illinois, Professor of Political Science, Urbana-Champaign. Southern Illinois University; Paul 10–11 MARCH 1983 Shoup, Professor of Political Conference Evening Program Science, University of Virginia; Walter B. Denny, Professor of Art “THE STUDY OF CENTRAL Slobodan Stankovic, Analyst, History, University of Radio Free Europe; Laura ASIA” Massachusetts, Amherst. D’Andrea Tyson, Professor of Cosponsored by the Washington Economics, University of Center of the Asia Society and the Panel III California, Berkeley. Middle East Institute. Moderator: Paul Henze, Resident 140 Consultant, RAND Corporation,

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER and former Fellow, Wilson Center. British Broadcasting Corporation; International University, Miami; Edward Allworth, Professor of Maurice Friedberg, Head of Barbara Anderson, Associate Central Asian Languages and Department of Slavic Languages Professor of Sociology, Brown Literatures, Columbia University, and Literatures, University of University; Peter R. Craumer, and former Guest Scholar, Wilson Illinois, Urbana-Champaign. Ph.D. candidate in Geography, Center; A. J. E. Bodrogligeti, Columbia University; Robert A. University of California, Los “Science and Scholarship” Lewis, Professor of Geography, Angeles; Sherwood Demitz, U.S. Marianna Tax Choldin, Research Columbia University, and former Information Agency; Alvin Director, Russian and East Fellow, Kennan Institute; Ronald Kapusta, Special Assistant for European Center, University of Liebowitz, Ph.D. candidate in Soviet Nationalities, Bureau of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign; Yuri Geography, Columbia University; Intelligence and Research, U.S. Yarim-Agaev, Professor of Physics, Richard H. Rowland, Associate Department of State; Denis Sinor, Stanford University. Professor of Geography, California Director, Uralic and Inner-Asian Commentator: Linda Lubrano, State College, San Bernadino; National Resource Center, Indiana American University. Michael P. Sacks, Professor of University. Sociology, Trinity College; Lee “Culture and Ideology” Schwartz, Ph.D. candidate in Summary Vassily Aksyonov, Novelist, Geography, Columbia University; S. Enders Wimbush, Director, Washington, D.C.; Andrei Brian D. Silver, Professor of Society for Central Asian Studies. Sinyavsky, Professor of Russian Political Science, Michigan State Rapporteur: Rosemarie Literature, University of Paris, University. Crisostomo, Bureau of the Sorbonne; Vladimir Voinovich, Census, U.S. Department of novelist, Stockdorf, Federal 1–3 DECEMBER 1983 Commerce. Republic of Germany. Conference Commentators: Yuri Bregel, “FOREIGN POLICY FORUM Indiana University; Max Gross, “Mass Media” FOR CONGRESSIONAL Defense Intelligence Agency; Valery Golovskoy, University of STAFF MEMBERS: EXAMIN- Kemal Karpat, University of Michigan; Ilya Suslov, Wisconsin; Gail W. Lapidus, Writer/Editor, America Illustrated, ING A BROADER U.S.-SOVI- University of California, Berkeley. U.S. Information Agency; Boris ET AGENDA” Zaks, former editor, Novyi mir. Cosponsored by the Stanley 2–3 MAY 1983 Foundation, Muscatine, Iowa. Conference “Performing Arts” Held at Airlie House, Warrenton, “SOVIET DIRECTION OF Alexander Gershkovich, Fellow, Virginia. CREATIVE AND INTELLEC- Russian Research Center, Harvard University; Ilya Rudiak, theater and Opening Remarks TUAL ACTIVITY” film director, Chicago; Solomon Herbert J. Ellison, Secretary, Cosponsored by the U.S. Volkov, music critic and author, Kennan Institute; C. Maxwell Department of State. USSR. Stanley, President, Stanley Foundation. Opening Remarks Concluding Remarks William Griffith, Ford Professor of James H. Billington, Director, Marianna Tax Choldin, University Political Science, Massachusetts Woodrow Wilson Center; of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign; Institute of Technology; Adjunct Marianna Tax Choldin, Conference Maurice Friedberg, University of Professor of Diplomatic History, Co-Director and Research Illinois, Urbana-Champaign. Fletcher School of Law and Director, Russian and East Diplomacy; George F. Kennan, European Center, University of 27 MAY 1983 former U.S. Ambassador to the Illinois, Urbana-Champaign; Conference USSR and Yugoslavia, and Chair, Maurice Friedberg, Conference “RUSSIAN AND SOVIET Academic Council, Kennan Co-Director and Head of Institute; Peter Reddaway, Senior CENSUSES” Department of Slavic Languages Lecturer in Political Science, Cosponsored by the National and Literatures, University of London School of Economics and Council for Soviet and East Illinois, Urbana-Champaign. Political Science; and Fellow, European Research and Florida Kennan Institute. International University. “Soviet Control of Domestic Discussion Leaders: Roger Kanet, Ralph S. Clem, Professor of and Foreign Writing” Professor of Political Science, Leonid Finkelstein, Journalist, International Relations, Florida 141

30 YEAR REPORT | CONFERENCES University of Illinois; Murray Georgetown University; Loren R. Wiarda, Director for Hemispheric Feshbach, Senior Research Graham, Professor of History of Studies, American Enterprise Scholar, Center for Population Science, Massachusetts Institute Institute. Research, Georgetown University; of Technology; Paul Josephson, and former Fellow, Kennan Research Associate, 15 MARCH 1984 Institute; Angela Stent, Associate Massachusetts Institute of Conference Professor of Government, Technology; Mark Kuchment, “SOVIET FOREIGN POLICY: Georgetown University. Research Associate, Russian AFGHANISTAN, THE MID- Research Center, Harvard DLE EAST, AND AFRICA” 19 JANUARY 1984 University; Linda Lubrano, Cosponsored by the U.S. Conference Professor of Soviet Studies, Information Agency. American University; Bruce “SOVIET FOREIGN POLICY: Chair: Helmut Sonnenfeldt, Senior Parrott, Assistant Professor of WESTERN EUROPE AND Fellow, Brookings Institution. Soviet Studies, School of ARMS CONTROL” Moderator: Robert Neumann, Advanced International Studies, Cosponsored by the United States Chair for the American/Saudi Johns Hopkins University; Susan Information Agency. Roundtable. Solomon, Professor of Political Alexander Alexiev, Researcher for Science, University of Toronto. Chair: Helmut Sonnenfeldt, Guest the Political Science Department, Scholar, Brookings Institution. Rand Corporation; Henry S. 2 MARCH 1984 Moderator: Arnold Horelick, Bradsher, Intelligence Analyst, Conference Senior Staff Member, Rand Central Intelligence Agency; John Corporation. “SOVIET FOREIGN POLICY: Campbell, Senior Fellow, Council Hannes Adomeit, Foundation for ASIA AND LATIN AMERICA” on Foreign Relations; Chester A. Political Science and Politics, Cosponsored by the U.S. Crocker, Assistant Secretary of the Ebenhausen, Federal Republic of Information Agency. Bureau of African Affairs, U.S. Germany; Vernon Aspaturian, Department of State; Karen Evan Pugh Professor of Political Chair: Helmut Sonnenfeldt, Senior Dawisha, Guest Scholar, Science, Pennsylvania State Fellow, Brookings Institution. Brookings Institution; Melvin University; Lynn E. Davis, Moderator: William E. Griffith, Goodman, Acting Chief of Policy Professor of Military Strategy, Professor of Political Science, Analysis Division, Central National War College; Stephen Massachusetts Institute of Intelligence Agency; Zalmay Larrabee, Director of Studies, Technology. Khalilzad, Assistant Professor of Institute for East-West Security Harry Gelman, Senior Staff Political Science, Columbia Studies; David Lowenfeld, IAS Member, RAND Corporation; University; Daniel Pipes, Lecturer Fellow, Council on Foreign Hiroshi Kimura, Professor of on History, Harvard University; Relations; Edward L. Rowny, Chair, Political Science, Hokkaido Alvin Rubinstein, Professor of U.S. Start Delegation; Stephen University; William Leogrande, Political Science, University of Shaffer, U.S. Information Agency; Professor of Political Science, Pennsylvania. Angela Stent, Associate Professor American University; Kenneth of Government, Georgetown Lieberthal, Professor of Political 12–13 APRIL 1984 University. Science, University of Michigan; Conference Constantine Menges, Special “QUALITY OF LIFE IN THE Assistant to the President and 24–25 FEBRUARY 1984 SOVIET UNION” Senior Director for Latin American Conference Cosponsored by the U. S. Affairs, National Security Council; “SOVIET SCIENCE AND Department of State, the Greve Douglas Pike, Director, Indochina TECHNOLOGY: EYEWIT- Foundation, the Volkswagen Studies Project, Institute of East Foundation, and Queens College, NESS ACCOUNTS” Asian Studies, University of City University of New York. Cosponsored by Harvard California, Berkeley; Stephen University and the Massachusetts Sternheimer, Soviet Affairs Moderators: Herbert J. Ellison, Institute of Technology. Analyst, Central Intelligence Secretary, Kennan Institute; Horst Agency; Jiri Valenta, Coordinator, Herlemann, Senior Research Mark Adams, Professor of History Soviet and East European Studies, Associate, University of Würzburg. and Sociology of Science, Department of National Security Marjorie Mandelstam Balzer, University of Pennsylvania; Harley Affairs, Naval Postgraduate Fellow, Russian Research Center, 142 Balzer, Professor of History, School, Monterey; Howard

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER Harvard University; Robert Foreign Service Officer, U.S. Belknap, Professor of Russian Department of State. Literature, Columbia University; Charles Gati, Professor of Political Igor Birman, editor, Russia; Keith Science, Union College; Bernard Bush, Director of Central Guetta, Correspondent, Le Research, Radio Liberty Division, Monde; Marvin Jackson, Professor Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty, of Economics, Arizona State Inc.; Herbert J. Ellison, Secretary, University; Christopher Jones, Kennan Institute; Horst Associate Professor of Political Herlemann, Senior Research Science, University of Washington; Associate, University of Würzburg; Vojtech Mastny, Professor of Hans-Herman Höhmann, Research International Relations, Boston Associate, Federal Institute for University; Sidney Ploss, Soviet East European and International Affairs Analyst, U.S. Department Studies, Cologne; Peter Juviler, of State; Roman Szporluk, Professor of Political Science, Professor of History, University of Barnard College; Friedrich Michigan; Sarah M. Terry, Kuebart, Senior Research Associate Professor of Political Associate, University of Bochum; Science, Tufts University. Bernice Madison, Professor Emeritus of Social Welfare, San 18–19 MAY 1984 Taltsy (Irkutsk Region). Buriat yurt. (Photo: William Brumfield) Francisco State University; Mervyn Conference Matthews, Professor of Sociology, “THE WARSAW PACT AND University of Surrey; Henry W. THE QUESTION OF COHE- Remington, Professor of Political Morton, Chair, Department of Science, University of Missouri, SION” Political Science, Queens College, Columbia. Cosponsored by the International City University of New York; Security Studies Program, Wilson Stephen Rapawy, Branch Chief, “The Warsaw Pact Forces: Center, and with the support of Center for International Research, Fragmentation and the Harvard University Russian U.S. Department of Commerce; Reintegration” Research Center, the U.S. Seymour Rosen, Senior Moderator: George Kamoff- Departments of State and Comparative Education Specialist, Nicolsky, Retired, Department of Defense, the Ford Foundation U.S. Department of Education; National Defense, Ottawa. and the Robert Wood Johnson, Jr. Gertrude E. Schroeder, Professor Robert Hutchings, Special Charitable Trust. of Economics, University of Assistant to the President, Radio Virginia; Stephen Sternheimer, Free Europe/Radio Liberty, Inc.; Introductions Affairs Analyst, Central Christopher D. Jones, Associate Herbert J. Ellison, Secretary, Intelligence Agency; Wolfgang Professor of International Studies, Kennan Institute; George Kamoff- Teckenberg, Professor of University of Washington; Peer H. Nicolsky, Retired, Department of Sociology, University of Kiel; Lange, Professor of Political National Defense, Ottawa; Jed C. Vladimir G. Treml, Professor of Science, Foundation for Political Snyder, Research Associate, Economics, Duke University; Jack Science and Politics, Munich. International Security Studies Underhill, Program Evaluation Program, Wilson Center. Officer, U.S. Department of “The National Armies: Facade Housing and Urban Development. or a Reality? A Case Study of “The Warsaw Pact System: Poland” Soviet Integration Policies and 24 APRIL 1984 Moderator: Robin Alison National Attitudes” Conference Remington, Professor of Political Moderator: Herbert J. Ellison, Science, University of Missouri, “SOVIET FOREIGN POLICY: Secretary, Kennan Institute. Columbia. EASTERN EUROPE” Hélène Carrère-d’Encausse, Abraham Brumberg, Washington, Cosponsored by the United States Professor of Government, Institute D.C.; Dale Herspring, Deputy Information Agency. of Political Science, University of Director, Office of East European Paris; Teresa Rakowska- and Yugoslav Affairs, U.S. Chair: Helmut Sonnenfeldt, Senior Harmstone, Fellow, Russian Department of State; Teresa Fellow, Brookings Institution. Research Center, Harvard Rakowska-Harmstone, Russian Moderator: Francis Meehan University; Robin Alison 143

30 YEAR REPORT | CONFERENCES Research Center, Harvard “U.S.–Soviet Exchanges” “Language Training Exchange University. R. Mark Palmer, Deputy Assistant Programs” Secretary for European Affairs, Daniel Davidson, Director, USSR “A Case Study of Romania” U.S. Department of State; Programs, American Council of Moderator: Robin Alison Claiborne Pell, U.S. Senator, Teachers of Russian; Jan Perkowski, Remington, Professor of Political Rhode Island; Timothy Wirth, U.S. Chair, Russian Language Program Science, University of Missouri, Representative, Colorado. Consortium, Council on Columbia. International Education Exchange; Walter Bacon, Assistant Professor “Government Science and John Skillman, Deputy Executive of Political Science, University of Technology Exchanges” Director, Council on International Nebraska; Aurel Braun, Professor Erick Erickson, Executive Secretary, Education Exchange. of Political Science, University of U.S.-Soviet Agricultural Toronto; Christopher D. Jones, Agreement, U.S. Department of 15–18 AUGUST 1984 Associate Professor of International Agriculture; John Geraghty, Senior Conference Studies, University of Washington. International Affairs Program “SOVIET/CUBAN STRATEGY Specialist, U.S. Department of IN THE THIRD WORLD “The Soviet Union, the GDR, Housing and Urban Development; AFTER GRENADA” and the Warsaw Pact” Kurt Heinrich, Office of Moderator: Aurel Braun, International Relations, National Professor of Political Science, Bureau of Standards; Peter Henry, Opening and Introduction University of Toronto. Director, Office for China, U.S. Sherman Blandin, Chair, National Christopher D. Jones, Associate Department of Health and Human Security Affairs, Naval Professor of International Studies, Services; John Metzler, Postgraduate School, Monterey; University of Washington; John International Relations Specialist, Robert Shumaker, Superintendent, Keliher, Legislative Assistant, U.S. Department of Energy; Ned Naval Postgraduate School, Office of U.S. Representative Ostenso, Director, Office of Sea Monterey; Jiri Valenta, Associate Dave McCurdy; Johannes Küppe, Grant and Extramural Programs, Professor and Coordinator, Soviet Head of Office of All German National Oceanographic and and East European Studies, Questions, Bonn. Atmospheric Affairs; Pierre Department of National Security Perrolle, Acting Section Head for Affairs, Naval Postgraduate 26–27 JUNE 1984 Special Programs, National School, Monterey; Vernon Conference Science Foundation; Bernard Walters, Ambassador at Large, “U.S.-SOVIET EXCHANGES” Ramundo, Chief, International U.S. Department of State. Cooperation Division and Introductions Secretariat, U.S. Department of “Grenada: Linkages and Impact on Central America, James H. Billington, Director, Transportation; Gary Waxmonsky, the Caribbean, and Africa” Wilson Center; Herbert J. Ellison, Executive Secretary, U.S.–USSR Moderator: Susan Percell, Senior Secretary, Kennan Institute. Environmental Protection Agency; John Zimmerman, Office of Soviet Fellow, Council on Foreign “Academic and Scholarly Union Affairs, U.S. Department of Relations. Exchanges” State. Michael Clough, Coordinator of African Studies, Department of Allen Kassof, Executive Director, National Security Affairs, Naval International Research and “U.S.–Soviet Exchanges” Postgraduate School, Monterey; Exchanges Board; Julian Ronald Reagan, President, United Georges A. Fauriol, Fellow, MacDonald, Program Officer, States of America. Caribbean Studies Program, USSR/Eastern Europe, Council for Georgetown University; Colin International Exchange of “Leadership and Non- Legum, journalist, observer; Scholars; Laurence Mitchell, Staff Specialist Exchanges” Anthony Maingot, Professor of Director on USSR/Eastern Europe, Michael Brainerd, Director, Citizen Sociology and Anthropology, National Academy of Sciences; Exchange Council; Stephen Hayes, Florida International University; Alex M. Shane, Director, Director, AFS Richard Millet, Director of History, International Programs, State International/Intercultural Southern Illinois University; University of New York, Albany; Progams; Edward Luck, President, Howard Wiarda, Director for Leon Twarog, Director, Midwest United Nations Association; Phillip Hemispheric Studies, American Universities Consortium for Stewart, Associate, Kettering Enterprise Institute. 144 International Activities, Inc. Foundation.

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER Luncheon Speaker National Security Studies, University; Joseph S. Berliner, Winston Lord, President, Council National Security Council; Richard Professor of Economics, Brandeis on Foreign Relations. Pipes, Professor of History, University; Robert W. Campbell, Harvard University; Jiri Valenta, Professor of Economics and “Grenada and East-West Associate Professor and Director of Russian and East Relations” Coordinator, Soviet and East European Institute, Indiana Moderator: Jiri Valenta, Associate European Studies, Department of University; Herbert S. Levine, Professor and Coordinator, Soviet National Security, Naval Professor of Economics, University and East European Studies, Postgraduate School, Monterey; of Pennsylvania. Department of National Security Virginia Valenta, Monterey, Affairs, Naval Postgraduate California. “Macroeconomic School, Monterey. Stabilization” George Liska, Professor of Conclusions Irwin L. Collier, Professor of International Studies, Johns Moderator: Alexander George, Economics, University of Houston; Hopkins University; Charles Professor of Political Science, Donald Green, Economic Maynes, Editor, Foreign Policy; W. Stanford University. Group/Eastern Europe, Chase Bruce Weinrod, Director of Charles H. Fairbanks, Deputy Manhattan Bank; David Howard, Foreign Policy and Defense Assistant Secretary for Human Board of Governors, International Studies, Heritage Foundation; Rights and Humanitarian Affairs, Finance Division, Federal Reserve Dov Zakheim, Assistant U.S. Department of State; System; Janos Kornai, Professor of Undersecretary of Defense for Margaret Daly Hayes, Professional Economics, Harvard University; Policy Resources, U.S. Staff Member, Committee on and Institute of Economics, Department of Defense. Foreign Relations, U.S. Senate; Budapest; Michael Marrese, Sally Shelton, Consultant, Professor of Economics, “Grenada and the Soviet International Business Government Northwestern University; Richard Allies: Cuba and the WTO Counselors, New York. Portes, Director, Center for Members” Economic Policy, University of Moderator: Vernon V. Aspaturian, Luncheon Speaker London; Marton Tardos, Institute Evan Pugh Professor of Political Constantine Menges, Special of Economics, Budapest; Laura Science, Pennsylvania State Assistant, to the President and D’Andrea Tyson, Professor of University. Senior Director for Latin American Economics, University of Jorge Dominguez, Professor of Affairs, National Security Council. California, Berkeley; Jan Vanous, Government, Harvard University; Wharton Econometric Forecasting Mark Falcoff, Resident Fellow, 18 OCTOBER 1984 Associates; Leyla Woods, American Enterprise Institute; Conference Department of Economics, Charles Gati, Professor of Political “THE SOVIET UNION AND University of California, Berkeley. Science, Union College; EASTERN EUROPE IN THE “Structural Adjustment and Condoleezza Rice, Assistant WORLD ECONOMY” Professor of Political Science, Foreign Trade” Cosponsored by the Joint Stanford University. Morris Bornstein, Professor of Committee on Eastern Europe of Economics, University of the American Council of Learned Luncheon Speaker Michigan; Josef van Brabant, Societies and the Social Science Tom Farer, Distinguished United Nations, New York; Josef Research Council, the Professor of Law, Rutgers School C. Brada, Professor of Economics, International Research and of Law. Arizona State University; Keith Exchanges Board, the Stanley Crane, RAND Corporation; H. Foundation, and the U.S. “Lessons and Impact of Stephen Gardner, Professor of Department of State. Grenada on the Soviet Economics and Finance, Baylor This conference was held in honor Alliance System” University; Marie Lavigne, Centre of Professor Franklyn D. Holzman. Moderator: Herbert J. Ellison, Tolbiac, University of Paris, Secretary, Kennan Institute. Panthéon-Sorbonne; Carl H. Chair: Herbert J. Ellison, Vernon Aspaturian, Evan Pugh McMillan, Director, Institute for Secretary, Kennan Institute. Professor of Political Science, Soviet and East European Studies, Conference Moderators: Abram Pennsylvania State University; Carleton University, Ottawa; J. Bergson, George F. Baker, Jack F. Matlock, Jr., Special Michael Montias, Institute for Professor Emeritus of Economics, Assistant to the President for Social and Policy Studies, Yale Russian Research Center, Harvard 145

30 YEAR REPORT | CONFERENCES University; Egon Neuberger, Henryk Baran, Associate Professor Studies, Institute of Soviet and Professor of Economics, State of Russian, State University of New East European Studies, Chinese University of New York, Stony York, Albany; Charlotte Douglas, Academy of Sciences. Brook; Jan Vanous, Wharton Dia Art Foundation; Vladimir Econometric Forecasting Markov, Professor of Slavic Panel II: “Development Associates, Inc. Languages and Literatures, Patterns in Siberia and the University of California, Los Soviet Far East, Part 1” “Economic Reform” Angeles; Stephen Rudy, Assistant John P. Hardt, Associate Director Ellen Comisso, Professor of Professor of Slavic Languages, for Senior Specialists, Political Science, University of New York University; Ronald Vroon, Congressional Research Service, California, San Diego; Gregory Associate Professor of Russian, Library of Congress; Jin Hui, Grossman, University of California, University of Pennsylvania. Deputy Director, Institute of Berkeley; Ed A. Hewett, Senior Soviet and East European Studies, Fellow, Brookings Institution; Jerry Performance: Khlebnikov’s Chinese Academy of Sciences. F. Hough, Professor of Political Zangezi Science, Duke University, and Thomas Bogdan, Tenor; Michael Panel III: “Development Fellow, Kennan Institute; Paul Pugliesi, Percussion; Paul Schmidt, Patterns in Siberia and the Marer, Professor of International Speaker, Dia Art Foundation. Soviet Far East, Part 2” Business, Indiana University; Dong Bainan, Economist, Shanghai Márton Tardos, Institute of 29 OCTOBER 1985 Institute of International Studies; Economics, Budapest. Conference Murray Feshbach, Research “U.S.-PRC CONFERENCE Professor of Demography, Center “Foreign Trade Systems and ON ECONOMIC DEVELOP- for Population Research, the External Environment” Georgetown University. MENT IN THE USSR” Josef van Brabant, United Cosponsored by the International Nations, New York; Zbigniew Panel IV: “Political Research and Exchanges Board Fallenbuchl, Professor of Implications of Soviet and the U.S. Information Agency. Economics, University of Windsor; Economic Developments and Elizabeth Goldstein, Federal Prospects” Opening Remarks Reserve Bank of New York; David Jeremy R. Azrael, Senior Political James H. Billington, Director, M. Kemme, Professor of Scientist, RAND–UCLA Center for Wilson Center; Jin Hui, Deputy Economics, University of North the Study of Soviet International Director, Institute of Soviet and Carolina, Greensboro; Roland Behavior; Liu Guangqing, Chief, East European Studies, Chinese Kuchel, U.S. Department of State; Department of East European and Academy of Social Sciences; Head Paul Marer, Professor of Soviet Studies, Shanghai Institute of the Chinese Delegation; Allen International Business, Indiana for International Studies; Shen H. Kassof, Executive Director, University; Urszula Plowiec, Foreign Jinfu, Section Chief, Soviet and International Research and Trade Research Institute, Warsaw; East European Studies, Institute of Exchanges Board. Gordon Tullock, Center for Public Contemporary International Choice, George Mason University; Relations, Chinese Academy of Panel I: “The Soviet Thomas A. Wolf, Researcher, Sciences; Zhang Liexiong, Fellow, Economy” International Monetary Fund. Section of Soviet Relations with Guo Chuanling, Deputy Chief, Foreign Countries, Institute of Section of Soviet and East 28 OCTOBER 1985 Soviet and East European Studies, European Studies, Institute of Conference and Performance Chinese Academy of Social Contemporary International Sciences; Chen Pingling, Deputy “A CELEBRATION ON THE Relations, Chinese Academy of Chief, Section of Soviet and East 100TH ANNIVERSARY OF Sciences; Jiang Chun-Ze, Deputy European Studies, Institute of THE BIRTH OF VELIMIR Chief, Comparative Economics Contemporary International Section, Institute of World KHLEBNIKOV” Studies, Chinese Academy of Economics and Politics, Chinese Cosponsored by the American Sciences; Lin Shichang, Deputy Academy of Sciences; Ed A. Association for the Advancement Director, Institute of Soviet and Hewett, Senior Fellow, Brookings of Slavic Studies; the Dia Art East European Studies, Shanghai Institution; Herbert S. Levine, Foundation, New York; Harvard Academy of Social Sciences and Professor of Economics, University University Press; and the Institute East China Normal University; Mei of Pennsylvania; Lu Nanquan, of Modern Russian Culture. Yei, Ph.D. candidate, Soviet 146 Section Chief, Soviet Economic

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER Studies Program, Columbia Association for Trade with the Panel V University; Delegation Escort and Soviet Union and Socialist Sergei Davydov, Associate Interpreter; Donald Zagoria, Countries of Europe, Tokyo; Shiro Professor of Russian, Bryn Mawr Professor of Political Science, City Shimamura, Soviet Analyst, College; Petr V. Palievskij, University of New York. Nomura Research Institute, Tokyo. Assistant Director, A. M. Gorky Institute of World Literature, 5–6 NOVEMBER 1985 20–21 JANUARY 1986 Moscow; Irwin Weil, Professor of Conference Conference Slavic Languages and Literatures, “U.S.-JAPANESE SPECIAL- “PUSHKIN: THE SHORTER Northwestern University. ISTS ON THE USSR” PROSE WORKS” Cosponsored by the International Cosponsored by the A. M. Gorky 28 and 30 JANUARY, 5 FEB- Research and Exchanges Board Institute of World Literature and RUARY 1986 and the U.S. Information Agency. the International Research and Conference Exchanges Board. “CONFERENCE ON U.S.- Panel I: “Prospects for the SOVIET RELATIONS FOR Soviet Economy” Panel I VISITING DIPLOMATS AND Ed A. Hewett, Senior Fellow, Donald Fanger, Professor of Slavic SCHOLARS” Brookings Institution; Herbert S. Languages and Literatures, Cosponsored by the U.S. Levine, Professor of Economics, Harvard University; Charles A. Information Agency and the University of Pennsylvania; Kiichi Moser, Professor of Slavic Visitor Program Service of the U.S. Mochizuki, Senior Economic Languages and Literatures, Department of State. Analyst, Slavic Research Center, George Washington University; Hokkaido University, Sapporo. Vladimir R. Shcherbina, Assistant Panel I: “ U.S.-Soviet Director, A. M. Gorky Institute of Relations” Panel II: “Development World Literature, Moscow; Head Herbert J. Ellison, Professor of Patterns in Siberia and the of the Soviet Delegation. History, University of Washington, Soviet Far East” and Former Secretary, Kennan Murray Feshbach, Research Panel II Institute; Stuart Goldman, Analyst, Professor of Demography, Center Vadim Medish, Professor of Congressional Research Service, for Population Research, Russian, American University; Library of Congress; Robert Georgetown University; John P. Stephanie Sandler, Assistant Osgood, Christian A. Herter Hardt, Associate Director for Professor of Russian, Amherst Professor of American Foreign Senior Specialists, Congressional College. Policy and Co-Director, Security Research Service, Library of Studies Program, School of Congress. Panel III Advanced International Studies, Raisa V. Iyezuitova, Senior Johns Hopkins University; former Panel III: “Soviet Policy in East Research Associate, Institute of Member, Policy Planning Staff, Asia” Russian Literature, Pushkin House, U.S. Department of State; Peter Jeremy R. Azrael, Senior Political Leningrad; Andrej Kodjak, Reddaway, Secretary, Kennan Scientist, RAND–UCLA Center for Professor of Slavic Languages and Institute. the Study of Soviet International Literatures, New York University; Behavior; Tsuyoshi Hasegawa, Leslie O’Bell, Associate Professor Panel II: “Soviet Economic and Soviet Analyst, Slavic Research of Slavic Languages, University of Political Conditions and Soviet Center, Hokkaido University, Texas, Austin. Foreign Policy-Making” Sapporo; Jerry F. Hough, James Dusko Doder, former Moscow B. Duke Professor of Political Panel IV Bureau Chief, The Washington Science, Duke University; Guest Svyatoslav I. Belza, Junior Post; and Fellow, Kennan Institute; Scholar, Brookings Institution; Research Associate, A. M. Gorky John P. Hardt, Associate Director Hisao Kanamori, President, Institute of World Literature, for Senior Specialists, Japanese Economic Research Moscow; Vera Z. Borkovec, Congressional Research Service, Center, Tokyo; Hiroshi Kimura, Associate Professor of Languages Library of Congress; Richard Director, Slavic Research Center, and Foreign Studies, American Kaufman, Senior Staff Member, Hokkaido University, Sapporo; University; Caryl Emerson, Joint Economic Committee, U.S. Kazuo Ogawa, Senior Economist Assistant Professor of Russian Congress; Judith Thornton, and Director, Department of Literature, Cornell University. Professor of Economics, University Economic Studies, Japan 147

30 YEAR REPORT | CONFERENCES of Washington, and Fellow, Analyst, Economic Research Research Service, U.S. Kennan Institute. Service, U.S. Department of Department of Agriculture; Alec Agriculture; Vernon Ruttan, Nove, Professor of Economics, Panel III: “Foreign Policy Issues Professor of Agricultural University of Glasgow; Philip in U.S.–Soviet Relations” Economics, University of Raup, Professor of Agriculture and Raymond Garthoff, Senior Fellow, Minnesota, St. Paul; Lung Fai Land Economics, University of Brookings Institution; Mark N. Wong, Professor of Agricultural Minnesota, St. Paul; Karl-Eugen Katz, Research Associate, Kennan and Applied Economics, Wädekin, Professor of Eastern Institute; Robert Litwak, Senior University of Minnesota, St. Paul. European and International Associate, International Security Agriculture, Justus-Liebig Studies Program, Woodrow Panel IV: “Primary Labor University, Federal Republic of Wilson Center. Organization” Germany; Michael L. Wyzan, Karen Brooks, Assistant Professor Associate Professor of Economics, 3–4 APRIL 1986 of Agriculture Economics, Illinois State University. Conference University of Minnesota, St. Paul; “SOVIET AGRICULTURE AND Don Van Atta, Assistant Professor Concluding Session FOOD SYSTEMS IN COMPAR- of Government, Hamilton Kenneth R. Gray, Associate College; Karl-Eugen Wädekin, Professor of Economics, North ATIVE PERSPECTIVE” Professor of Eastern European Texas State University. and International Agriculture, Panel I: “The Soviet System Justus-Liebig University, Federal 18–19 SEPTEMBER 1986 for Borrowing Information Republic of Germany. Conference about Foreign Agricultural Economics and Technology” “SOVIET CINEMA: IMAGE- Panel V: “Agricultural Kenneth R. Gray, Associate MAKING AND SOCIAL Resources and Crop Systems” Professor of Economics, North IMPACT” Peter Craumer, Department of Texas State University; Everett Geography, Columbia University; Jacobs, Professor of Economics, Panel I: “Policies, Realities, Philip Micklin, Professor of University of Sheffield, United and Aesthetics in Early Soviet Geography, Western Michigan Kingdom; Valentin Litvin, Cinema” University. Professor of Russian Studies, Herbert C. J. Marshall, Professor Defense Language Institute; Emeritus of Performing Arts, Panel VI: “Soviet Pricing” Vernon Ruttan, Professor of Southern Illinois University; Karen Brooks, Assistant Professor Agricultural Economics, University Annette Michelson, Professor of of Agricultural Economics, of Minnesota, St. Paul. Cinema Studies, New York University of Minnesota, St. Paul; University; Kristin Thompson, Michael L. Wyzan, Associate Panel II: “Rural Standard of Honorary Fellow, Department of Professor of Economics, Illinois Living and Demography” Communication Arts, University of State University. Al Evans, Professor of Political Wisconsin, Madison. Science, California State University, Panel VII: “Food Provision and Fresno; Gertrude Schroeder Panel II: “Ideology, Popular Processing” Greenslade, Professor of Culture and Society” Kenneth R. Gray, Associate Economics, University of Virginia; Richard Taylor, Lecturer in Politics Professor of Economics, North Carol Nechemias, Assistant and Russian Studies, University Texas State University; Barbara Professor of Public Policy, College of Swansea, United Severin, Analyst, Central Pennsylvania State University; Kingdom; Joseph Troncale, Intelligence Agency; Ihor Robert Stuart, Professor of Assistant Professor of Russian, Stebelsky, Professor of Economics, Rutgers University. University of Richmond; Denise Geography, University of Windsor, Youngblood, Assistant to the Canada. Panel III: “Cross-National Executive Director, American Empirical Surveys of Soviet Association for the Advancement Panel VIII: “Evaluation and Agricultural Productivity and of Slavic Studies. Implications of Foreign Investment” Socialist Experience” Folke Dovring, Professor of Panel III: “Soviet Cinema and Nancy Cochrane, Analyst, U.S. Agriculture and Land Economics, History” Department of Agriculture; Ed University of Illinois, Urbana- Chair: Vladimir Baskakov, Director, Cook, Analyst, Economic 148 Champaign; Robert Koopman, All-Union Institute of Film Art,

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER USSR. Assistant Professor of Film Studies, Director, Institute of Social and James H. Billington, Director, University of Arizona; Françoise Economic Problems of Foreign Wilson Center; Marc Ferro, Director Navailh, École des hautes études Countries, Ukrainian Academy of of Studies, École des hautes Études en Sciences Sociales, Paris. Sciences. en Sciences Sociales, Paris. Panel VII: “The Cinema of the Panel II: “1941–1945: Extent Panel IV: “Roundtable Republics” and Limits of Wartime Discussion on Exchanges and Sylvie Dallet, École des hautes Cooperation” Coproduction” études en Sciences Sociales, Paris; Warren Kimball, Professor of Ales Adamovich, playwright and Karen Jaehne, Film Critic, History, Rutgers University; Victor screenwriter, USSR; Vladimir Washington, D.C.; Lino Micciche, Malkov, Section Chief, Institute of Baskakov, Director, All-Union Director, International Festival of World History, Academy of Institute of Film Art, USSR; Wesley New Cinema, Rome. Sciences of the USSR; Head of the Fisher, Secretary to the Soviet Delegation; Vojtech Commission with the USSR of the Panel VIII: “Cinema of the Mastny, Professor of International American Council of Learned 1920s: Aesthetics and Relations, Boston University. Societies, International Research Ideology” and Exchanges Board; Anna Vance Kepley, Associate Professor Panel III: 1945–1955: Postwar Lawton, Associate Professor of of Film Studies, University of Difficulties” Russian Literature and Film, Purdue Wisconsin, Madison; Vlada Petric, Aleksei M. Filitov, Institute of University; Former Fellow, Kennan Professor of Film Studies, Harvard General History, Academy of Institute; Conference Director; University; Eric Smoodin, Assistant Sciences of the USSR; David Kenneth Locker, President, Armand Professor of Literature; Director of Holloway, Professor of Political Hammer Productions; Peter Cinema Studies, American Science, Stanford University; Reddaway, Secretary, Kennan University. Robert C. Tucker, Professor Institute; Ken Wlaschin, Director of Emeritus of International Studies Programming, American Film Film Screening and Politics, Princeton University. Institute. “Scarecrow” (1983) Director, Rolan Bykhov; Screenwriters, Panel IV: “1955–1965: New Film Screening Vladimir Bykhov and Rolan Approaches” “Come and See” (1985) U.S. pre- Bykhov. Robert Bowie, Dillon Professor miere; Director, Elem Klimov; Emeritus of International Affairs, Screenwriters, Ales Adamovich 22–23 SEPTEMBER 1986 Harvard University; Vladimir O. and Elem Klimov. Conference Pechatnov, Section Chief, Institute “OVERALL HISTORY OF of the U.S.A. and Canada, Introduction SOVIET-AMERICAN RELA- Academy of Sciences of the USSR; Ales Adamovich, playwright and William Taubman, Bertrand Snell TIONS” screenwriter, USSR. Professor of Political Science, Amherst College; Conference Opening Remarks Panel V: “Cinema of the Director. Chair: James H. Billington, 1980s: Part I” Director, Wilson Center. Giovanni Buttafava, Editor, Panel V: “1965–1975: The Rise Peter Reddaway, Secretary, L’Espresso, and film critic, Rome; of Détente” Kennan Institute; William Herbert Eagle, Associate Pavel T. Podlesny, Institute of the Taubman, Bertrand Snell Professor Professor of Russian Literature and USA and Canada, Academy of of Political Science, Amherst Film Studies, University of Sciences of the USSR; Walter College, and Conference Director. Michigan; Alexander Gershkovich, Stoessel, Former U.S. Fellow, Harvard Research Center, Ambassador to the USSR; Adam Panel I: “1933–1941: and Research Scholar, Kennan B. Ulam, Director, Russian Background to Wartime Institute. Research Center, Harvard Cooperation” University. Haslam Jonathan, Professor of Panel VI: “Cinema of the History, Stanford University; Arthur 1980s: Part II” Panel VI: “1975–1986: New M. Schlesinger Jr., Albert John Dunlop, Associate Director Problems and Possibilities” Schweitzer Professor of and Senior Fellow, Hoover Raymond Garthoff, Senior Fellow, Humanities, City University of Institution; Valery S. Golovskoy, Brookings Institution; Yurii M. New York; Arnold N. Shlepakov, 149

30 YEAR REPORT | CONFERENCES Mel’nikov, Institute of World Panel II: “Success and Failures Kennan Institute; Conference Economy and International in Soviet Policy toward Director; Shirin Tahir-Kheli, Relations, Academy of Sciences of Marxist Revolutions in the Director, Near Eastern and South the USSR. Third World since 1917” Asian Affairs, National Security S. Neil MacFarlane, Assistant Council. Panel VII: “Concluding Professor of Government, Session: Overall Lessons for University of Virginia; Stephen Panel VIII. “The USSR and the Future” Sestanovich, Director of Policy Leftist Movements in Central Seweryn Bialer, Director, Russian Development, National Security America” Research Institute on International Council. W. Raymond Duncan, Change, Columbia University; Distinguished Teaching Professor John Lewis Gaddis, Professor of Panel III: “Soviet Support of of Political Science, State History, Ohio University; Vladimir Third World Revolutions: University of New York, Brockport; V. Sogrin, Section Chief, Institute Political and Ideological Robert Leiken, Senior Associate, of Social and Economic Problems Instruments” Carnegie Endowment for of Foreign Countries, Ukrainian Herbert J. Ellison, Professor of International Peace. Academy of Sciences. History, University of Washington, and former Secretary, Kennan Panel IX: “Marxist-Leninist Other Participants: Veniamin V. Institute; Robert Litwak, Senior Insurgencies in the Third Alekseev, Senior Researcher, Research Associate, International World: Historical U.S. Institute of History, Philology and Security Studies Program, Responses” Philosophy, Siberian Division, Woodrow Wilson Center. Robert Osgood, Christian A. Academy of Sciences of the USSR; Herter Professor of American Rakhima Aminova, Deputy Chief, Panel IV: “Soviet Support for Foreign Policy and Co-Director, Institute of History, Uzbek Third World Marxist Regimes: Security Studies Program, School Academy of Sciences; Grant A. Military Assistance” of Advanced International Avetsian, Director, Institute of Wayne P. Limberg, Chief, Foreign Studies, Johns Hopkins History, Armenian Academy of Political Division, Office of Soviet University; former Member, Sciences; Sergei V. Listikov, and East European Research, Policy Planning Staff, U.S. Institute of World History, Bureau of Intelligence and Department of State; William J. Academy of Sciences of the USSR; Research, U.S. Department of Taylor, Chief Executive Officer, Yuri A. Poliakov, Deputy Chief, State; Rajan Menon, Assistant Center for Strategic and Institute of History of the USSR, Professor of Political Science, International Studies, Academy of Sciences of the USSR; Lehigh University. Georgetown University. Vladimir A. Stepanov, Chief Inspector, Department of Foreign Panel V: “Power or Pawn? The Conclusion and Discussion Relations, Presidium of the USSR. Soviet Role in Vietnam” Paul Henze, Resident Consultant, Daniel S. Papp, Professor and Rand Corporation; Mark N. Katz, 25–26 SEPTEMBER 1986 Director of the School of Social Research Associate, Kennan Conference Sciences, Georgia Institute of Institute, and Conference “THE USSR AND MARXIST Technology; Gareth Porter, Director. REVOLUTIONS” Associate Professor, School of Justice and International Service, 10–12 FEBRUARY 1987 Opening Remarks American University. Conference Peter Reddaway, Secretary, “THE LEGACY OF Kennan Institute. Panel VI: “The USSR and SOLIDARITY” Lusophone Africa” Timothy Garton Ash, Foreign Panel I: “Soviet Policy in the David Ottoway, Diplomatic Affairs Editor, Spectator Third World: A Net Correspondent, Washington Post; (London); and Fellow, Wilson Assessment” Karen L. Puschel, Foreign Affairs Center; Manuel Azcarate, Editor, Raymond Garthoff, Senior Fellow, Analyst, Office of Soviet Affairs, El Pais (Madrid); Seweryn Bialer, Brookings Institution; William E. U.S. Department of State. Director, Research Institute on Griffith, Ford Professor of Political International Change, Columbia Science, Massachusetts Institute Panel VII: “The USSR and University; Zbigniew Brzezinski, of Technology. Southern Arabia” Center for Strategic and 150 Mark N. Katz, Research Associate, International Studies,

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER Washington, D.C.; George Fritz Ermarth, Special Assistant to Edward L. Warner III, Research Kolankiewicz, Lecturer in the President and Senior Director, Associate, RAND Corporation. Sociology, University of Essex; European and Soviet Affairs, Zdzislaw Najder, Radio Free National Security Council; Rose E. Panel III: “Arms Control Liberty/Radio Free Europe, Inc. Gottemoeller, Research Associate, Policy” RAND Corporation; Dale R. Matthew A. Evangelista, Assistant 9–10 JUNE 1987 Herspring, Deputy Director of Professor of Political Science, Symposium Security Analysis, U.S. University of Michigan; Douglas J. “THE SECOND SOVIET- Department of State; Ed A. MacEachin, Director of Soviet AMERICAN SYMPOSIUM Hewett, Senior Fellow, Brookings Analysis, Central Intelligence Institution; Bruce B. Parrott, Agency; John Van Oudenaren, ON RUSSIAN CLASSICAL Director of Soviet Studies, School Member, Policy Planning Staff, LITERATURE: TURGENEV’S of Advanced International U.S. Department of State; Edward POETICS” Studies, Johns Hopkins University; L. Warner III, Research Associate, This conference was one of a Cynthia Roberts, Professor of Rand Corporation; David A. series of symposia on classical Political Science, Hunter College; Ochmanek, Research Associate, Russian literature cosponsored by Jack Snyder, Associate Professor RAND Corporation. the Gorky Institute ofWorld of Political Science, Columbia Literature, The USSR Academy of University; Peter Wiles, Professor 20–22 MARCH 1988 Sciences, the International Emeritus of Economics, University Conference Research and Exchanges Board of London; Marc Zlotnik, Chief, “GERMAN-AMERICAN CON- and the American Council of Leadership Politics Branch, Office FERENCE ON THE GOR- Learned Societies. of Soviet Analysis, Central BACHEV REFORM Intelligence Agency. Elizabeth Cheresh Allen, Yale PROGRAM: ITS IMPACT ON University; V. A. Chalmaev, writer, Panel II: “Soviet Military SOVIET AND EAST EURO- Moscow; A. P. Chudakov, Gorky Policy” PEAN POLICIES” Institute of World Literature, Francis Fukuyama, Senior This conference was cosponsored Moscow; Donald Fanger, Harvard Researcher, RAND-UCLA Center by the East European Program of University; Robert Jackson, Yale for the Study of Soviet the Wilson Center, the Deutsche University; David Lowe, Vanderbilt International Behavior; Raymond Gesellschaft für Osteuropakunde, University; Dale Peterson, L. Garthoff, Senior Fellow, and the American Association for Amherst College; P. G. Pustovoit, Brookings Institution; Dennis M. the Advancement of Slavic Moscow State University; V. D. Gormley, Research Analyst, Pacific Studies. Funding was provided by Skvoznikov, Gorky Institute of Sierra Research Corporation; the German Marshall Fund of the World Literature, Moscow; Dmitrii Stanley Kober, Senior Research United States, the Ford Urnov, Gorky Institute of World Fellow, Hudson Institute; Mark N. Foundation, and the U.S. Literature, Moscow. Katz, International Affairs Congress. Consultant, Washington, D.C.; 21–23 SEPTEMBER 1987 Benjamin Lambeth, Senior Panel I: “The Historical and Conference Researcher, RAND-UCLA Center Ideological Context” “DYNAMICS OF SOVIET for the Study of Soviet Arnold Buchholz, Federal Institute DEFENSE POLICY” International Behavior; Robert S. for Eastern and International Litwak, Secretary, International Studies, Cologne; Timothy Panel I: “Context of Soviet Security Studies Program, Wilson Colton, University of Toronto Defense Policy” Center; Michael MccGwire, Senior [Professor Colton’s paper was read Jeremy R. Azrael, Senior Fellow, Brookings Institution; in his absence]; Ernst Kux, Neue Researcher, RAND-UCLA Center Phillip M. Petersen, Assistant for Zürcher Zeitung. for the Study of Soviet Europe and the Soviet Union to International Behavior; Lawrence Director of Policy Support Panel II: “Communist Reform Caldwell, Professor of Political Programs, Office of the Secretary Programs Outside the USSR” Science, Occidental College, and of Defense; Notra Trulock III, Southeast Europe: Franz-Lothar Senior Researcher, RAND Research Analyst, Pacific Sierra Altmann, Südost-Institut, Munich; Corporation; Robert Campbell, Research Corporation; Peter Aurel Braun, University of Toronto; Distinguished Professor of Vigor, Professor Emeritus, Royal Georg Brunner, Institut für Economics, Indiana University; Military Academy, Sandhurst; Ostrecht, Cologne University; John 151

30 YEAR REPORT | CONFERENCES Lampe, East European Program, Sheehy, Radio Liberty, Munich. University; Edward Reisman, U.S. Woodrow Wilson Center. Department of State; Francis Eastern Europe and China: Steven Panel VIII: “Implications for Thomson, University of Antwerp. Goldstein, Smith College; Fred Foreign Policy” Oldenburg, Federal Institute for Hannes Adomeit, Science and Panel III: “The Church in the Eastern and International Studies, Politics Foundation, Ebenhausen; Imperial Period” Cologne; Aleksandr Smolar, Alexander Dallin, Stanford Gary Marker, State University of Centre National de la Récherche University; John Herbst, National New York, Stonybrook; Theofanis Scientifique, Paris. Security Council. Stavrou, University of Minnesota; Reginald Zelnik, University of Dinner Address Panel IX: “Conclusions and California, Berkeley. Lt. Gen. William Odom, Director, Prospects” National Security Agency. Chair: Peter Reddaway, Kennan Panel IV: “The Russian Institute. Religious Revival of the Late Panel III: “The Politics of Roundtable Discussants: Oskar Nineteenth and Early Gorbachev’s Reform Program” Anweiler, Ruhr University, Twentieth Centuries” Dawn Mann, Center for Strategic Bochum; Aurel Braun, University Stephen Batalden, Arizona State and International Studies, of Toronto; George Brunner, University; Bernice Rosenthal, Washington, D.C.; Boris Meissner, Institute for Ostrecht, Cologne Fordham University; Paul Valliere, Cologne University; Sidney Ploss, University; Gail Lapidus, University Butler University. U.S. Department of State; Arkady of California, Berkeley. Shevchenko, consultant, Panel VIII: “The Church in Washington, D.C. 26–28 MAY 1988 Belorussia and the Ukraine” Conference Bohdan Bociurkiw, Carlton Panel IV: “Glasnost: The “THE MILLENNIUM OF University, Ottawa; Jaroslaw Media and Culture” CHRISTIANITY IN RUS’: THE Pelenski, University of Iowa; John Jane Leftwich Curry, University of Reshetar, University of Washington; IMPACT OF CHRISTIANITY Santa Clara; Jan Krauze, Le Frank E. Sysyn, Harvard University. Monde; Vladimir Padunov, ON THE HISTORY OF THE Kennan Institute; Wolfgang EASTERN SLAVS” Panel IX: “The Impact of Schlott, University of Bremen. This conference was coordinated Christianity on Ukrainian and with the conferences “The Belorussian Culture” Panel V: “The Economy” Millennium of the Baptism of Rus’,” Thomas Bird, Queens College, Hermann Clement, Osteuropa organized by the Library of City University of New York; Paul Institut, Munich; Hans-Herman Congress, and “The Role of Magosci, Univerity of Toronto; Höhmann, Federal Institute for Christianity in the History of Russian Guy Picarda, Francis Skaryna Eastern and International Studies, Culture,” organized by the Belorussian Library, London. Cologne; Karl-Eugen Wädekin, University of California, Berkeley. Justus-Liebig University, Starzach- Panels V–VII were hosted by the Panel X: “The Church in the Bierlingen; Peter Wiles, Kennan Library of Congress. Funding for Contemporary Soviet Union” Institute; Anders Åslund, Kennan the May 1988 Kennan Institute con- John Dunlop, The Hoover Institute. ference was provided by the Ford Institution; Jane Ellis, Keston Foundation and the U.S. Congress. College, United Kingdom; Dimitry Panel VI: “Society and Law” Pospielovsky, University of Oskar Anweiler, Education Panel I: “The Church in Kievan Western Ontario. Institute, Ruhr University, Bochum; Rus’” Richard Dobson, U.S. Information Fairy von Lilienfeld, University of Concluding Remarks Agency; Gail Lapidus, University Erlangen, West Germany; Paul Peter Reddaway, Secretary, of California, Berkeley; Dietrich Hollingsworth, University of Kennan Institute. Loeber, Kiel University, Hamburg; California, Berkeley; Donald Maria Los, Kennan Institute. Ostrowski, Harvard University. 3–14 DECEMBER 1989 Conference Panel VII: “Nationalities” Panel II: “The Church in the “SOVIET GEORGIA IN 1989” Mark Beissinger, University of Muscovite Period” Cosponsored by the College of Wisconsin, Madison; Paul Goble, Richard Hellie, University of Arts and Sciences, George Mason 152 U.S. Department of State; Ann Chicago; Edward Keenan, Harvard University.

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER Panel I: “Tbilisi: Spring 1989” Professor, George Mason Panel III: “Forging the Ruth Baron, Physicians for Human University; Alexander van Goren- Socialist Polity in the 1920s Rights; Jordania Redjeb, Long Shulkin, President, The Georgian- (I)” Island University; Dodona Kiziria, American Medical and Economic Chair: Vladimir N. Brovkin, Associate Professor, Indiana Development Corporation; Archil Assistant Professor of University; Archil Koboladze, Koboladze, Ministry of Health of Government, Oberlin College. Advisor to the Minister of Health the Georgian SSR; Darrel Slider, Viktor P. Danilov, Researcher, of the Georgian SSR.; Ronald East-West Center, Duke Institute of History of the USSR, Suny, Professor of History, University. Academy of Sciences of the USSR; University of Michigan. Nicholas Riasanovsky, Professor of 5–7 MAY 1990 History, University of California, Panel II: “Media Responses: Conference Berkeley; Neil B. Weissman, Tbilisi and Moscow” “REFORM IN RUSSIAN AND Professor of History, Dickinson Kim Braithwaite, independent SOVIET HISTORY: ITS College. scholar; Irakli Pagava, Deputy MEANING AND FUNCTION” Minister of Health of the Panel IV: “Forging the Socialist Georgian SSR.; Yaacov Ro’i, Polity in the 1920s (II)” Panel I: “The Traditions of Professor of Government, Tel Reform in Late Imperial Chair: Patricia Herlihy, Associate Aviv University, and Visiting Russia” Professor of History, Brown Professor, Georgetown University. Chair: Theodore Taranovski, University; Eldar Shengelaia, Film Jeffrey Brooks, Associate Research Associate, Kennan Studio Kartuli Plimi, Tbilisi; Professor of History, University of Institute. Apolon Silagadze, Professor, Minnesota; Ben Eklof, Associate Boris V. Anan’ich, Researcher, Tbilisi State University. Professor of History, Indiana Institute of History of the USSR University; Peter Kenez, Professor (Leningrad Section), Academy of Panel III: “Georgia: Present of History, University of California, Sciences of the USSR; Valentina G. and Future.” Santa Cruz; Daniel Orlovsky, Chernukha, Researcher, Institute Edward Gudava, Executive Professor of History, Southern of History of the USSR (Leningrad Director, Center for Democracy in Methodist University. Section), Academy of Sciences of the USSR; Steven Jones, Assistant the USSR; Terence Emmons, Professor of Russian Studies, Panel V: “Stalinism and the Professor of History, Stanford Mount Holyoke College; Irakli Challenges of Pluralism University; Daniel Field, Professor Pagava, Deputy Minister of Health (1956–64) (I)” of History, Syracuse University; of the Georgian SSR. Chair: Dorothy Atkinson, Larisa G. Zakharova, Professor of Executive Director, American History, Moscow State University. Panel IV: “Ethnic Conflicts Association for Advancement of within Georgia” Slavic Studies. Panel II: “Autocracy and the Kim Braithwaite, independent Challenges of Robert V. Daniels, Professor of scholar; Steven Jones, Assistant Constitutionalism (1906–14)” History, University of Vermont; Professor of Russian Studies, Vitalii S. Lel’chuk, Senior Chair: Ben Eklof, Associate Mount Holyoke College; Dodona Researcher, Institute of History of Professor of History, Indiana Kiziria, Associate Professor, the USSR, Academy of Sciences of University. Indiana University; Archil the USSR; Peter Reddaway, Joseph Bradley, Visiting Associate Koboladze, Advisor to the Professor of Political Science, Professor of History, Georgetown Minister of Health of the Georgian George Washington University. University; Avenir P. Korelin, S.S.R.; Irakli Pagava, Deputy Researcher, Institute of History of Minister of Health of the Georgian Panel VI: “Stalinism and the the USSR, Academy of Sciences of S.S.R.; Yaacov Ro’i, Tel Aviv Challenges of Pluralism the USSR; David A. J. Macey, University, and Visiting Professor, (1956–64) (II)” Professor of History, Middlebury Georgetown University; Ronald Chair: Daniel Field, Professor of College; David M. McDonald, Suny, Professor of History, History, Syracuse University. Assistant Professor of History, University of Michigan. Giulietto Chiesa, Moscow University of Wisconsin, Madison; Correspondent, L’Unita; Carl Alfred J. Rieber, Professor of Panel V: “The Official and Linden, Professor of Political History, University of Pennsylvania. Not-So-Official Economy” Science, George Washington Michael Alexeev, Associate University; William Taubman, 153

30 YEAR REPORT | CONFERENCES Professor of Political Science, Alabama, with financial support Sciences; Amherst College. from the W. Alton Jones Valerii Ponomarëv, USSR Academy Foundation, the Soros Foundation of Sciences. Panel VII: “The Fourth Russian and the Woodrow Wilson Center. Revolution” Panel V: “Perspectives and Chair: Peter Kenez, Professor of Panel I: “The Origins of Conclusions” History, University of California, Modern Russian Foreign Chair: Hugh Ragsdale, Professor Santa Cruz. Policy” of History, University of Alabama. Dorothy Atkinson, Executive Chair: Mark H. Teeter, Research Viktor Kumanëv, Corresponding Director, American Association for Associate, Kennan Institute. Member, USSR Academy of Advancement of Slavic Studies; Evgenii Anisimov, Senior Sciences; Alfred J. Rieber, Iurii M. Baturin, Researcher, Researcher, Institute of History of Professor of History, University of Institute of State and Law, the USSR, USSR Academy of Pennsylvania. Academy of Sciences of the USSR; Sciences, Leningrad, and Jeffrey Hahn, Professor of Political Research Scholar, Kennan 27–30 NOVEMBER 1990 Science, Villanova University; Institute; Hugh Ragsdale, Conference Sergei B. Stankevich, People’s Professor of History, University of “UPDATE: EASTERN Deputy of the USSR, Member, Alabama. EUROPE AND THE USSR” Committee on Legislation, Cosponsored by the Smithsonian Legality, and Public Order of the Panel II: “Russia and the Institution National Associate Supreme Soviet of the USSR; Western Borderlands in the Program. Robert Tucker, Emeritus Professor Eighteenth and Nineteenth of Politics, Princeton University; Centuries” Opening Address Marc Zlotnik, Adjunct Professor of Chair: Theodore Taranovski, Blair A. Ruble, Director, Kennan Soviet Studies, School of Professor of History, University of Institute; Hedrick Smith, Advanced International Studies, Puget Sound, Washington. Journalist, Author, and Fellow, Johns Hopkins University. Hans Bagger, Professor of Johns Hopkins Foreign Policy Slavonic and East European Institute. Panel VIII: “Concluding Studies, University of Session: Comments and Copenhagen; Robert Jones, Chair, Panel I: “Current Discussion” History Department, University of Developments in the USSR” Chair: Blair A. Ruble, Director, Massachusetts, Amherst; David Panel Discussion: Harley Balzer, Kennan Institute. MacKenzie, Professor of History, Director, Russian Area Studies Viktor P. Danilov, Researcher, University of North Carolina, Program, Georgetown University; Institute of History of the USSR, Greensboro. Robert Hoffmann, Assistant Academy of Sciences of the USSR; Secretary for Research, Daniel Orlovsky, Professor of Panel III: “Russia and the Smithsonian Institution; Andrus History, Southern Methodist Concert System” Park, Professor of History and University; Sergei B. Stankevich, Chair: Hugh Ragsdale, Professor Philosophy, Presidium Member, People’s Deputy of the USSR, of History, University of Alabama. and Acting General Scientific Member, Committee on David Goldfrank, Professor of Secretary, Estonian Academy of Legislation, Legality, and Public History, Georgetown University; Sciences, Tallinn; and Fellow, Order of the Supreme Soviet of Vladlin Sirotkin, Diplomatic Woodrow Wilson Center; David the USSR; Theodore Taranovski, Academy of the Foreign Ministry Powell, Fellow, Harvard Russian Research Associate, Kennan of the USSR. Studies Center; Blair A. Ruble, Institute; Robert C. Tucker, Director, Kennan Institute. Emeritus Professor of Politics, Panel IV: “Russian Foreign Princeton University. Policy toward America and Panel II: “Current the Far East” Developments and Future 17–18 OCTOBER 1990 Chair: Mark H. Teeter, Research Prospects for Eastern Europe” Conference Associate, Kennan Institute. Panel Discussion: Gary Lee, “THE TRADITIONS OF IMPE- Nikolai Bolkhovitinov, Senior Correspondent and former RIAL RUSSIAN FOREIGN Scientific Researcher, Institute of Moscow Bureau Chief, The General History, USSR Academy POLICY” Washington Post; John Lampe, of Sciences, Moscow; Anatolii Cosponsored by the Kennan Professor of History, University of Ignat’ev, USSR Academy of 154 Institute and the University of Maryland, College Park; Gale

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER Stokes, Professor of History, Rice (INVESP), Caracas, Venezuela; Atkinson, Executive Director, University, and Fellow, Woodrow Aleksandr Sizonenko, Chief American Association for the Wilson Center; Sharon Wolchik, Researcher, Institute of Latin Advancement of Slavic Studies; Director, Russian and Eastern America, USSR Academy of Rodolfo Cerdas Cruz, University of European Studies, George Sciences, Moscow; Jiri Valenta, Costa Rica; Eugenio Draschner, Washington University. Professor of Political and Public Columbia University; Kenneth Affairs, School of International Gray, Chief, Centrally Planned Panel III: “Journalism and Studies, University of Miami. Economies Branch, Economic Personal Experience” Research Service, U.S. Panel Discussion: Peter Jennings, Panel II: “Teaching Soviet Department of Agriculture; Lytton Anchor, “World News Tonight,” Studies in Latin America and L. Guimaraes, University of ABC; Lawrence Lichty, Director, the Caribbean: Bibliography, Brasília; Nancy Lubin, Associate Media Studies Project, Woodrow Research, Seminars, Subjects” Professor of History, Carnegie- Wilson Center; Endre Marton, for- Anthony Bryan, University of the Mellon University, and Fellow, mer Diplomatic Correspondent; West Indies, Trinidad and Tobago; Woodrow Wilson Center; Paulo Kati Marton, journalist and author. Thomaz G. Costa, Coordinator, César Nascimento, Catholic Strategic Studies Program — University of Rio de Janeiro; Smithsonian Exhibition CEFARHAE, Brasilia; James Millar, Lenina Pomeranz, University of “Moscow: Treasures and Director, Sino-Soviet Institute, Sao Paulo; Wolfgang Pordzik, Traditions:” Tour of major exhibi- Elliot School of International Konrad Adenaur Foundation; tion of Russian art dating from the Affairs, George Washington Carlos A. Romero, Instituto 15th to the 20th centuries, organ- University; Boris Yopo, Programa Venezalano de Estudios Sociales y ized by the Smithsonian Institution di Soguimiento de las Politicas Politicos, Caracas; Blair A. Ruble, Traveling Exhibition Service Exteriores Latinoamericanas Director, Kennan Institute; Joseph (SITES) and the U.S.S.R. Ministry (PROSPEL), Santiago. S. Tulchin, Director, Latin of Culture. American Program, Woodrow Panel III: “Perestroika and Wilson Center; Wayne Smith, Panel IV: “The Cultural Beyond: The Soviet Challenge Johns Hopkins School of Perspective” in the Nineties” Advanced International Studies; Ivan Sanders, Professor of Cole Blasier, Director, Hispanic Thad Winieckie, University of Hungarian and East European Division, Library of Congress; Miami. Literature, Columbia University; Eusebio Mujal León, Professor of Ori Z. Soltes, Professor of Jewish Government, Georgetown 30–31 JANUARY 1991 Studies, Cleveland College of University; Herbert S. Levine, Workshop Jewish Studies. Professor of Economics and Co- “COMPARATIVE SOCIALIST Director, Joseph H. Lauder Institute REFORM: CAUSES OF 22–23 JANUARY 1991 of Management and International CHANGE IN SOCIALIST Conference Studies, University of Pennsylvania, COUNTRIES” “SOVIET STUDIES IN LATIN and President, American Cosponsored by the Kennan AMERICA AND THE Association for the Advancement of Slavic Studies; Augusto Varas, Institute, the Asia Program, and CARIBBEAN” Faculted Latinoamericana de the East European Program of the Cosponsored by the Kennan Ciencias Sociales (FLASCO); Sergo Woodrow Wilson Center, the Institute and the Latin American Mikoyan, Editor-in-Chief, Latinskaia Royal Institute of International Program of the Woodrow Wilson Amerika, Institute of Latin America, Affairs, Chatham House, London, Center. USSR Academy of Sciences, and the Asia Pacifc Foundation of Moscow, and Fellow, Woodrow Japan, with funding provided by Panel I: “The Soviet Union, Wilson Center; Andrés Serbìn, the Sasakawa Peace Foundation. Latin America, and the Director, Instituto Venezalano de Caribbean: Competing Views” Estudios Sociales y Politicos Panel I Margarita M. Balmaceda, (INVESP), Caracas. Chair: Seizaburo Sato, Acting Department of Politics, Princeton Executive Director, International University; Sofía Hernàndez Panel IV: “Workshop: What Institute for Global Peace, Tokyo, Màrmol, Centro de Estudios Shall be Done? Leninism or and Professor of Political Science, Europeos, Havana, Cuba; Carlos Nationalism?” University of Tokyo. A. Romero, Instituto Venezalano Panel Discussion: Dorothy Nicholas Lardy, Professor of de Estudios Sociales y Politicos 155

30 YEAR REPORT | CONFERENCES International Studies, The Henry Graduate Studies, Department of 14–16 MARCH 1991 M. Jackson School of Sociology, Princeton University; Conference International Studies, University Blair A. Ruble, Director, Kennan “THE SOVIET UNION ON of Washington; Neil Malcolm, Institute. THE BRINK: IMPLICATIONS Director, Soviet Studies FOR U.S. POLICY” Programme, The Royal Institute of Panel V Annapolis, Maryland. International Affairs, Chatham Chair: Gilbert Rozman, Professor Cosponsored by the Kennan House, London; Akihito Tanaka, and Director of Graduate Studies, Institute and The Stanley Institute of Oriental Culture, Department of Sociology, Foundation, Muscatine, Iowa. University of Tokyo. Princeton University. Seizaburo Sato, Acting Executive Opening Remarks Panel II Director, International Institute for Robert E. Blackwell Jr., National Chair: Gilbert Rozman, Professor Global Peace, Tokyo, and Intelligence Officer for the USSR, and Director of Graduate Studies, Professor of Political Science, Central Intelligence Agency. Department of Sociology, University of Tokyo; Gerald Segal, Princeton University. Senior Research Associate, Soviet Panel I: “The Economy” Judy Batt, Lecturer, Center for Studies Programme, The Royal Murray Feshbach, Research Russian and East European Institute of International Affairs, Professor of Demography, Studies, University of Birmingham, Chatham House, London; Brantly Georgetown University; Peter B. England; Thomas Bernstein, Womack, Professor, Department Maggs, Corman Professor of Law, Professor, East Asian Institute, of Political Science, Northern College of Law, University of Columbia University; Tsuyoshi Illinois University. Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Hasegawa, Professor, Slavic Research Center, Hokkaido Panel VI Panel II: “Leadership” University, Sapporo. Chair: Gerald Segal, Senior Peter Hauslohner, Member, Policy Research Associate, Soviet Planning Staff, U.S. Department of Panel III Studies Programme, The Royal State; Blair A. Ruble, Director, Chair: Gerald Segal, Senior Institute of International Affairs, Kennan Institute. Research Associate, Soviet Chatham House, London. Studies Programme, The Royal Barry Buzan, Professor of Panel III: “Nationalities” Institute of International Affairs, International Studies, University of Daria Fane, Political Analyst, Chatham House, London. Warwick, England; Edwina Bureau of Intelligence and Takayuki Ito, Professor, Slavic Moreton, Diplomatic Editor, The Research, U.S. Department of Research Center, Hokkaido Economist, London; Tatsumi State; Andrus Park, Professor of University, Sapporo; Daniel Okabe, Professor, Faculty of Law, History and Philosophy, Presidium Nelson, Foreign Policy Issues Tokyo Metropolitan University. Member and Acting Scientific Coordinator, Office of the Majority Secretary, Estonian Academy of Leader, U.S. House of Panel VII Sciences, Tallinn; and Fellow, Representatives; Thomas Chair: Mary Brown Bullock, Woodrow Wilson Center. Remington, Professor of Political Director, Asia Program, Woodrow Science, Emory University. Wilson Center. Panel IV: “Arms Control and Takayuki Ito, Professor, Slavic Foreign Policy” Panel IV Research Center, Hokkaido Lynn E. Davis, Research Fellow, Chair: Seizaburo Sato, Acting University, Sapporo; Nicholas Foreign Policy Institute, Johns Executive Director, International Lardy, Professor of International Hopkins University; Michael Institute for Global Peace, Tokyo, Studies, The Henry M. Jackson Mandlebaum, Christian Herter and Professor of Political Science, School of International Studies, Professor of American Foreign University of Tokyo. University of Washington; Gilbert Policy, Nitze School of Advanced Peter Ferdinand, Director, Asia- Rozman, Professor and Director of International Studies, Johns Pacific Programme, The Royal Graduate Studies, Department of Hopkins University; Bruce Parrott, Institute of International Affairs, Sociology, Princeton University; Director, Soviet Studies Chatham House, London; Shigeki Gerald Segal, Senior Research Department, Nitze School of Hakamada, Visiting Fellow, Associate, Soviet Studies Advanced International Studies, Foreign Policy Institute, Princeton Programme, The Royal Institute of Johns Hopkins University; University; Gilbert Rozman, International Affairs, Chatham Alexander R. Vershbow, Director, 156 Professor and Director of House, London.

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER Office of Soviet Union Affairs, U.S. Department of State.

27–29 MAY 1991 Conference “CULTURAL CONTACT AND INTERACTION: RUSSIA AND JAPAN, 1868–1926” Sapporo, Japan. Cosponsored by the Kennan Institute, the Japan Organizing Committee, the International House of Japan, the Northern Regions Center (Sapporo, Japan), and the Asia Program of the Woodrow Wilson Center, with the support of the Japan World Exposition Commemorative Fund, the Japan Foundation, the Nissho Iwai Eniseisk. Church of the Savior, Savior Monastery. (Photo: William Brumfield) Foundation, and the Woodrow Wilson Center, and the coopera- Panel II: “Russian Literature University, Sapporo; Tomiko tion of Hokkaido, Sapporo City, and the Evolution of Japanese Yanagi, Professor of Russian the Federation of Economic Literary Language” Literature, Waseda University, Organizations of Japan, and the Chair: Ryohei Yasui, Professor of Tokyo. USSR Academy of Sciences, with Russian Literature, Waseda additional funding provided by University, Tokyo. Evening Reception Tokyo Electric Power Co., Ltd., Lydia Gromkovskaia, Chief Hosted by Takahiro Yokomichi, Mitsui and Co., Sumitomo Researcher, Modern Japanese Governor of Hokkaido, and Chemical Co., Ltd., Toshiba Literature, Institute of Oriental Nobuo Katsura, Mayor of Corporation, Sony Corporation, Studies, Moscow; Kazuhiro Sapporo. Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd., Hatano, Assistant Professor of Toyota Motor Corporation, The Russian Literature, Osaka Panel IV: “The Russian and Daiei Inc., Nomura Securities Co. University of Foreign Studies; Japanese Theatre” Ltd., The Sanwa Bank, Ltd., Natsuki Kunimatsu, Associate Chair: Yoshie Inoue, Lecturer, Mitsubishi Corporation, Tokyo Gas Professor, St. Andrews University, School of Literature, Hosei Company, Ltd., and Oji Paper, Co. Osaka; Janet Walker, Associate University, Tokyo. Ltd. Professor of Japanese and Nina Anarina, Researcher, History Comparative Literature, Rutgers of Japanese Theater, Institute of Panel I: “Historical University. Art Studies, Moscow; Shinko Introductions” Matsumoto, theatre historian and Chair: Teruyuki Hara, Director, Panel III: “The Russian and author, The History of Theatrical Slavic Research Center, Hokkaido Japanese Novel” Philosophy in the Meiji Era; J. University, Sapporo. Chair: Kennosuke Nakamura, Thomas Rimer, Professor of Toshiyuki Akizuki, Curator, Professor of Russian Language Japanese Language and Hokkaido University Library, and Literature, Hokkaido Literature and Chairman, Sapporo; Vladislav Goregliad, University, Sapporo. Department of Hebrew and East Professor of Japanese History and Paul Anderer, Dean, Graduate Asian Languages and Literatures, Literature, Leningrad State School of Arts and Sciences, and University of Maryland, College University, and Chief Researcher, Professor of East Asian Languages Park. The Institute of Oriental Studies, and Cultures, Columbia Leningrad Branch; Tsuguo University; Toyofusa Kinoshita, Panel V: “Images of Japan in Togawa, Professor of Russian Professor of Russian Literature, Russia and of Russia in History, Sophia University, Tokyo; Chiba University; Tetsuo Japan” Haruki Wada, Professor of Russian Mochizuki, Associate Professor, Chair: Theodore Taranovski, History, University of Tokyo. Slavic Research Center, Hokkaido Professor of History, University of 157

30 YEAR REPORT | CONFERENCES Puget Sound, Washington. Panel I Rozman, Professor and Director of Ikuo Kameyama, Associate Chair: Seizaburo Sato, Acting Graduate Studies, Department of Professor of Russian Studies, Executive Director, International Sociology, Princeton University; Tokyo University of Foreign Institute for Global Peace, Tokyo, Seizaburo Sato, Acting Executive Studies; Toshiharu Omuka, and Professor of Political Science, Director, International Institute for Associate Professor, Institute of University of Tokyo. Global Peace, Tokyo, and Art and Design, University of Peter Ferdinand, Director, Asia- Professor of Political Science, Tsukuba, Ibraki; Elizabeth Pacific Programme, The Royal University of Tokyo. Swinton, Curator, Worcester Institute of International Affairs, Museum, Massachusetts. Chatham House, London; Hiroshi Panel IV Kimura, Professor, Slavic Research Chair: Peter Ferdinand, Director, Panel VI: “Cultural Contacts Center, Hokkaido University, Asia-Pacific Programme, The and Value Systems” Sapporo; Gilbert Rozman, Royal Institute of International Chair: Konstantin Logachëv, Professor and Direcor of Graduate Affairs, Chatham House, London. Member, Secretariat, Office of Studies, Department of Sociology, Thomas Bernstein, Professor, East the Patriarch of the Russian Princeton University. Asian Institute, Columbia Orthodox Church, Moscow. University; Nicholas Lardy, Takeo Kuryuzawa, Associate Panel II Professor of International Studies, Professor, Hokkaido University, Chair: Neil Malcolm, Director, The Henry M. Jackson School of Sapporo; Mitsuo Naganawa, Soviet Studies Programme, The International Studies, University of Professor of Russian Thought, Royal Institute of International Washington; Tatsumi Okabe, Yokohama National University; Affairs, Chatham House, London. Professor, Faculty of Law, Tokyo Douglas Weiner, Assistant Milan Hauner, Director, East Metropolitan University. Professor of History, University of European Studies, Woodrow Arizona, and Research Scholar, Wilson Center; Takayuki Ito, Panel V Kennan Institute. Professor, Slavic Research Center, Chair: Seizaburo Sato, Acting Hokkaido University, Sapporo; Executive Director, International Panel VII: Summary Session Paul Lewis, Professor, Faculty of Institute for Global Peace, Tokyo, Chair: Blair A. Ruble, Director, Social Sciences, The Open and Professor of Political Science, Kennan Institute. University, Milton Keyes, England. University of Tokyo. Boris Egorov, Chief Researcher, Shigeki Hakamada, Visiting Fellow, Modern Russian Literature and Panel III Foreign Policy Institute, Princeton Literary Criticism, Institute of Chair: Gilbert Rozman, Professor University; Tsuyoshi Hasegawa, History of the USSR, USSR and Director of Graduate Studies, Professor, Slavic Research Center, Academy of Sciences, Leningrad; Department of Sociology, Hokkaido University, Sapporo; Neil Susumu Nagayo, Assistant Princeton University. Malcolm, Director, Soviet Studies Professor, Waseda University, Seizaburo Sato, Acting Executive Programme, The Royal Institute of Tokyo; Yoshikazu Nakamura, Director, International Institute for International Affairs, Chatham Professor of Russian Literature, Global Peace, Tokyo, and House, London; Thomas Hitotsubashi University, Tokyo. Professor of Political Science, Remington, Professor, Political University of Tokyo; John Phipps, Science Department, Emory 16–18 OCTOBER 1991 The Royal Institute of International University. Workshop Affairs, Chatham House, London; “COMPARATIVE SOCIALIST Brantly Womack, Professor of Panel VI REFORM” Political Science, Northern Illinois Chair: Gilbert Rozman, Professor Cosponsored by the Kennan University. and Director of Graduate Studies, Institute, the Asia Program, and Department of Sociology, the East European Program of Evening Discussion Princeton University. the Woodrow Wilson Center, the Moderator: Mary Brown Bullock, Judy Batt, The Royal Institute of Royal Institute of International Director, Asia Program, Woodrow International Affairs, Chatham Affairs, Chatham House, London, Wilson Center. House, London; John Lampe, and the Asia Pacific Association Judy Batt, The Royal Institute of Professor of History, University of of Japan, with funding provided International Affairs, Chatham Maryland, College Park; Daniel by the Sasakawa Peace House, London; Tatsumi Okabe, Nelson, Carnegie Endowment for Foundation. Professor, Faculty of Law, Tokyo International Peace, Washington, 158 Metropolitan University; Gilbert D.C.

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER 20–22 NOVEMBER 1991 Akihito Tanaka, Institute of Richard Dobson, Social Science Conference Oriental Culture, University of Analyst, United States Information “COMPARATIVE SOCIALIST Tokyo. Agency; Gail Kligman, Research REFORM: GLOBAL IMPACT” Associate, Institute for Evening Reception International Studies, University of Cosponsored by the Kennan Guest Speaker: Jack Spence, California, Berkeley, and Visiting Institute, East European Studies, Director of Studies, Royal Institute Professor, Department of and the Asia Program of the of International Affairs, Chatham Anthropology, Stanford University; Woodrow Wilson Center; the House, London. David Powell, Associate, Russian Royal Institute of International Research Center, Harvard Affairs, Chatham House, London; Panel III: “Theory” University; Sharon Wolchik, and the Asia Pacific Association of David Bachman, University of Professor of Political Science, Japan; with funding provided by Washington; Tsuyoshi Hasegawa, Institute for European, Russian, the Sasakawa Peace Foundation. Professor, Slavic Research Center, and Eurasian Studies, George Opening Session. Hokkaido University, Sapporo, and Washington University. Visiting Professor, University of Ivo Banac, Professor of Balkan and California; Nicholas Lardy, Panel II: “Health” East European History, Yale Professor of International Studies, Chair: John Lampe, Director, East University. The Henry M. Jackson School of European Studies, Woodrow Panel I: “Regional Variations” International Studies, University of Wilson Center. Washington; Margot Light, Nicholas Eberstadt, Senior Fellow, Peter Ferdinand, Head, Asia- London School of Economics; American Enterprise Institute; Pacific Programme, The Royal Gilbert Rozman, Professor and Murray Feshbach, Professor of Institute of International Affairs, Director of Graduate Studies, Demography, Center for Chatham House, London; Arpad Princeton University; Jack Snyder, Population Research, Georgetown Goncz, President of Hungary; Professor of Political Science, University; Mark Field, Professor, John Lampe, Director, East Columbia University. Russian Research Center, Harvard European Studies, Woodrow University; Stanley Kabala, Senior Wilson Center; Tatsumi Okabe, 20–22 FEBRUARY 1992 Research Fellow, Center for Professor of Law, Tokyo Conference Hazardous Materials Research, Metropolitan University; Brantly University of Pittsburgh; Nancy Womack, Professor of Political “THE SOCIAL LEGACY OF Lubin, Associate Professor of Science, Northern Illinois COMMUNISM” History, Carnegie-Mellon University. Cosponsored by The Institute for European, Russian, and Eurasian University. Panel II: “Global Impact” Studies and the Russian and East Luncheon Session Mary Brown Bullock, Director, European programs of George Guest Speaker: Amitai Etzioni, Asia Program, Woodrow Wilson Washington University and the University Professor, George Center; Vojin Dimitryevic, Kennan Institute and East Washington University; Founding Professor, Belgrade University; European Studies of the Woodrow Editor, The Responsive François Godement, Institut Wilson Center. Community; Editor, Studies in Français des Récherches Socio-Economics; and Director, Internationales, France; Takayuki Opening Lecture Society for the Advancement of Ito, Professor, Slavic Research Zbigniew Brzezinski, Counselor, Socio-Economics. Center, Hokkaido University, Center for Strategic and Sapporo; Hiroshi Kimura, International Studies, and Robert Panel III: “Poverty and Professor, International Research E. Osgood Professor of American Unemployment” Center for Japanese Studies, Foreign Policy, Nitze School of Chair: Blair A. Ruble, Director, Sapporo; Peter Nailor, Provost, Advanced International Studies, Kennan Institute, Woodrow Gresham College; Seizaburo Johns Hopkins University. Wilson Center. Sato, Acting Executive Director, Walter Connor, Professor of International Institute for Global Panel I: “Youth, Family, and Political Science, Boston Peace, Tokyo, and Professor of Gender” University; James Millar, Director, Political Science, University of Chair: James Millar, Director, Institute for European, Russian, Tokyo; Gerald Segal, Institute for European, Russian, and Eurasian Studies, George International Institute of and Eurasian Studies, George Washington University; William Strategic Studies, London; Washington University. 159

30 YEAR REPORT | CONFERENCES Moskoff, Professor of Economics Professor of Sociology, Department of Ethnology and Anthropology, and Business, Lake Forest of Community Health Sciences, Russian Academy of Sciences, College. Michigan State University. Moscow.

Panel IV: “Crime, Deviance, Panel I: “Russians Beyond 5–7 NOVEMBER 1992 and Privilege” Russia” Conference Chair: Maya Latynski, Program Ramazan Gadzhimuradovich “NEW DEMOCRACY AND Associate, East European Studies, Abdulatipov, Chairman, Chamber LOCAL GOVERNANCE” Woodrow Wilson Center. of Nationalities, and Deputy, Cosponsored by the Kennan John Kramer, Professor of Political Russian Federation Supreme Institute and East European Science, Mary Washington Soviet; Tat’iana Marchenko, Studies of the Woodrow Wilson College; David Powell, Associate, Institute of Culture, Moscow; Emil Center and the Social Science Russian Research Center, Harvard Abramovich Payin, Ethno-Political Research Institute of the University University; Andrea Sanjian, Research Center, Foreign Policy of Hawaii. Professor of Political Science, Association, Moscow. Bucknell University; Louise Shelley, Session I: “Country Reports” Chair and Professor, Department of Panel II: “Attitudes, Opinions, Chair: Krzysztof Ostrowski, Kelles- Justice, Law, and Society, School of and Behavior” Krauz Foundation, Warsaw. Public Affairs, American University. Leokadiia Mikhailovna Drobizheva, Head, Department of Session II: “Methodology” Panel V: “Ethnicity” Social-Psychological Problems of Chair: Henry Teune, Department Chair: Gail Kligman, Research Interethnic Relations, Institute of of Political Science, University of Associate, Institute for Ethnology and Anthropology, Pennsylvania. International Studies, University of Russian Academy of Sciences, California, Berkeley, and Visiting Moscow; Natal’ia Evdokimova, Session III: “Local Leadership Professor, Department of Institute of Sociology, St. and Leadership Values” Anthropology, Stanford University. Petersburg, and Visiting Chair: Aleksandra Jasinska-Kania, Marjorie Mandelstam Balzer, Researcher, University of Institute of Sociology, Warsaw Professor of Sociology, Pittsburgh; Lev Gudkov, Center of University. Georgetown University; Peter Public Opinion Studies, Moscow; Juviler, Professor of Political Aleksandr Susokolov, Institute of Session IV: “Looking Ahead” Science, Barnard College, National Issues of Education, Chair: Betty Jacob, Social Science Columbia University; John Lampe, Moscow. Research Institute, University of Director, East European Studies, Hawaii. Woodrow Wilson Center; Dan Panel III. “Russians in Participants: Juri Avdeev, Abele, Research Associate, Kennan Successor Republics, Part I” Vladivostok Council of Deputies, Institute; Maria Todorova, Professor Nikolai Churilov, Institute of Vladivostok, Russian Federation; of History, Rice University. Sociology, Ukrainian Academy of Antal Bohm, Institute for Political Sciences; Vladas Gaidis, Institute Science, Hungarian Academy of Concluding Session of Sociology, Lithuanian Academy Sciences, Budapest; Olexandr Speaker: Joseph Berliner, of Sciences; Vladimir Solonari, Boukhalov, Institute for Scientific Professor, Russian Research Deputy, Moldavian Republic Innovations, Kyiv; Jane Center, Harvard University. Parliament. Grischenko, Sociological Research Center, Belarus State University, 19–20 MAY 1992 Panel IV: “Russians in Minsk; Betty M. Jacob, Social Conference Successor Republics, Part II” Science Research Institute, “RUSSIAN MINORITIES IN Boris Grushin, Director, Vox Populi University of Hawaii; Aleksandra THE FORMER SOVIET Public Opinion Research Service, Jasinska-Kania, Institute of Moscow; Sergei Nikolaev, EMPIRE” Sociology, Warsaw University; Tashkent University; Sergei Cosponsored by Michigan State Vladimir Kostiushev, Institute of Vasil’evich Sirotkin, Deputy and University and the Soros Sociology, Russian Academy of Member, Constitutional Foundation of New York. Sciences, St. Petersburg; Arvydas Commission, and Member, Matulionis, Lithuanian Institute of Committee of Human Rights, Opening Session Philosophy, Vilnius; Krzysztof Russian Federation Supreme Blair A. Ruble, Director, Kennan Ostrowski, Kelles-Krauz Soviet; Galina Soldatova, Institute 160 Institute; Vladimir Shlapentokh, Foundation, Warsaw; Henry

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER Teune, Department of Political of Modern Armenian History, Columbia University; Erik Science, University of University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; Hoffmann, State University of New Pennsylvania. Roman Szporluk, Harvard York, Albany; Jerry Hough, Duke University. University; Andrew Janos, 1992–1993 University of California, Berkeley; Workshop Series Workshop II: “Society” Amy Knight, Library of Congress “RETHINKING SOVIET 25 September 1992 and Woodrow Wilson Center; Gail STUDIES” Barbara Anderson, University of Lapidus, University of California, Chaired by Blair A. Ruble, Michigan; Harley Balzer, Berkeley; Mary McAuley, Oxford Director, Kennan Institute, and Georgetown University; Michael University; Daniel Orlovsky, Daniel Orlovsky, Professor and Burawoy, Professor of Sociology, Southern Methodist University; Chair, Department of History, University of California, Berkeley; Andrus Park, Estonian Academy of Southern Methodist University. Walter Connor, Boston Univeristy; Sciences; Peter Reddaway, This workshop series, funded by Richard Dobson, United States George Washington University; the Ford Foundation of New York, Information Agency; Gregory Thomas Remington, Professor of examined the assumptions and Freidin, Stanford University; Liah Political Science, Emory methodologies of Soviet Studies Greenfeld, Harvard University; University; Robert Sharlet, Union with a view toward learning from James Heinzen, University of College; Peter Solomon, past errors and defining the Pennsylvania; Eugene Huskey, University of Toronto; Peter parameters of future research on Stetson University; David Joravsky, Stavrakis, University of Vermont the region. Listed below are the Northwestern University; Moshe and Kennan Institute; Stepan complete series of workshops Lewin, Professor of History, Sulakshin, Representative of held at the Kennan Institute in University of Pennsylvania; Boris Russian Federation President 1992 and 1993. Mironov, Institute of Russian Yeltsin, Tomsk Region, Siberia; History, Russian Academy of Elizabeth Teague, Radio Free Workshop I: “Nationalities” Sciences, St. Petersburg; Joan Europe/Radio Liberty Research 24 July 1992 Neuberger, University of Texas, Institute, Munich. Marjorie Mandelstam Balzer, Austin; Daniel Orlovsky, Southern Georgetown University; Kingsley Methodist University; Alfred Workshop IV: “Economics” M. DeSilva, Professor of Sri Rieber, University of Pennsylvania 23 October 1992 Lankan History, University of and Woodrow Wilson Center; Michael Alexeev, Indiana Peradeniya, Sri Lanka; and Fellow, Lewis Henry Siegelbaum, University; Daniel Berkowitz, Woodrow Wilson Center; John Michigan State University; Brian University of Wisconsin; Joseph Dunlop, Stanford University; Paul Silver, Michigan State University; Berliner, Harvard University; John Goble, Carnegie Endowment for Ronald Suny, University of Burkett, University of Rhode Island International Peace; Michael Michigan; Mark Von Hagen, and Kennan Institute; Christopher Khodarkovsky, Loyola University, Columbia University; Charters Clague, Professor of Economics, Chicago; Nancy Lubin, Carnegie- Wynn, University of Texas, Austin. University of Maryland; Richard Mellon University; Martha Brill Ericson, Columbia University; Olcott, Professor of Political Workshop III: “Politics” Stanley Fisher, Massachusetts Science, Colgate University; 9 October 1993 Institute of Technology; Paul Daniel Orlovsky, Southern Gabriel Almond, Professor Gregory, University of Houston; Methodist University; Robert Emeritus of Political Science, Gregory Grossman, University of Orttung, University of California, Stanford University; Donna Bahry, California, Berkeley; Philip Los Angeles; Teresa Rakowska- Professor of Political Science, Hanson, University of Harmstone, Carleton University; University of California, Davis; Birmingham; Franklyn Holzman, Toivo Raun, Indiana University; Harley Balzer, Georgetown Tufts University; David Lipton, Alfred Rieber, University of University; Nina Belyaeva, World Institute for Development Pennsylvania and Woodrow Interlegal Research Center, Economics Research, Helsinki; Wilson Center; Mark Saroyan, Moscow; Gyorgy Bence, Michael Marrese, International Harvard University; Nodar University of Budapest; George Monetary Fund; James Millar, Simonia, Institute of World Breslauer, University of California, Professor of Economics and Economy and International Berkeley; Yitzhak Brudny, Yale Director, Institute for European Relations, Moscow; Gale Stokes, University; Timothy Colton, Russian and Eurasian Studies Rice University; Ronald Grigor Harvard University; Jeffrey Hahn, George Washington University; Suny, Alex Manoogian Professor Villanova University; Joel Hellman, Beth Mitchneck, University of 161

30 YEAR REPORT | CONFERENCES Arizona; William Moskoff, Lake Comparative Literatures, Yale Session II: “Capitalism in Forest College; Daniel Orlovsky, University; Edith Clowes, Purdue Russia?” Southern Methodist University; University; Nancy Condee, Chair: Blair A. Ruble, Director, Thomas Richardson, Yale Associate Professor of Slavic Kennan Institute. University; John Roemer, Languages and Literatures, Il’ia Baskin, Member, Russian University of California, Davis; University of Pittsburgh; Dan Federation Presidential Advisory Peter Rutland, Wesleyan Davidson, American Council of Council on Entrepreneurship; Iurii University; Michael Spagat, Brown Teachers of Russian, Washington Lvov, President, St. Petersburg University; Robert Stuart, Rutgers D.C.; Michael Flier, Harvard Bank; S. Frederick Starr, President, University; Judith Thornton, University; George Gerbner, Oberlin College. University of Washington; Vladimir Professor Emeritus, The Annenberg Treml, Duke University. School, University of Pennsylvania; Session III: “Spirituality in Helena Goscilo, University of Today’s Russia” Workshop V: “Foreign Policy” Pittsburgh; Peter Kenez, University Chair: James H. Billington, 5 February 1993 of California, Santa Cruz; George Librarian of Congress. Alexander Dallin, Stanford Mihaychuk, Georgetown University; Iurii Kariakin, Member, Russian University; William Fuller, U.S. Daniel Orlovsky, Southern Federation Presidential Advisory Naval War College; David Methodist University; Vladimir Council, Moscow; Edward Holloway, Professor of Political Padunov, University of Pittsburgh; Keenan, Professor of History, Science, Stanford University; Cathy Popkin, Columbia University; Harvard University; Ernst Robert Hutchings, U.S. Jennifer Rayport, University of Neizvestny, sculptor, Moscow and Department of State; Mark Katz, Chicago; Peter Rollberg, George New York; Mikhail Tolstoy, Deputy George Mason University; Ronald Washington University; Richard and Member, Committee on Linden, University of Pittsburgh; Stites, Professor of History, International Affairs, Russian Robert Litwak, Woodrow Wilson Georgetown University; Tony Swift, Federation Supreme Soviet, and Center; Allen Lynch, University of Kennan Institute; Jane Taubman, Head, Organization of Virginia; Jack Matlock, Harriman Amherst College; Victor Terras, Compatriots. Institute; John Mearsheimer, Brown University; Isolde Thyret, Professor of Political Science, Kennan Institute; William Todd III, Session IV: “The Future of University of Chicago; Rajan Harvard University; Theodore Democracy in Russia” Menon, Lehigh University; Daniel Weeks, Kennan Institute; Josephine Chair: Vladimir Pechatnov, Orlovsky, Southern Methodist Woll, Howard University; Dean S. Embassy of the Russian Federation University; Daniel Nelson, Old Worth, University of California Los in the United States. Dominion University; Ilya Prizel, Angeles; Viktor Yuzefovich, Library Gennadii Alferenko, Chairman of Johns Hopkins University; Morton of Congress. the Board, Foundation for Social Schwartz, U.S. Department of Innovations; Pëtr Gladkov, Institute State; Stephen Sestanovich, Center 15 JANUARY 1993 of the USA and Canada, Russian for Strategic and International Conference Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Studies; Dina Spechler, Indiana “AMERICA AND THE and President, Russian Science University; Angela Stent, RUSSIAN FUTURE” Foundation; Martin Malia, Georgetown University; William Cosponsored by the Embassy of Professor of History, University of Taubman, Amherst College; the Russian Federation in the California, Berkeley; Valerii Pissigin, Vladimir Toumanoff, National United States; the Foundation for Member, Russian Federation Council for Soviet and East Social Innovations Moscow-New Presidential Advisory Council, and European Research; Fumio Uda, York; and the Kennan Institute. Vice President, League of Sophia University, Tokyo; Sam Held at the Embassy of the Russian Cooperatives and Entrepreneurs. Wells, Woodrow Wilson Center. Federation, Washington D.C. 8–10 FEBRUARY 1993 Workshop VI: “Culture” Session I: “Russia and America Workshop 26 February 1993 in the Future” “ADVANCED WORKSHOP Daniel Alexandrov, Institute of the Chair: Blair A. Ruble, Director, IN POST-SOVIET STUDIES: History of Science and Technology, Kennan Institute. ANTHROPOLOGICAL AND St. Petersburg, and Kennan James H. Billington, Librarian of SOCIOLOGICAL Institute; Robert Belknap, Columbia Congress; Vladimir P. Lukin, PERSPECTIVES” University; Katerina Clark, Associate Ambassador of the Russian Cosponsored by the Social 162 Professor, Department of Federation to the United States.

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER Science Research Council (SSRC) Robert Huber, Vice President, of New York. IREX, Washington D.C.

Session I: “Problems and Session VI: “The Ambiguous Issues of Nationalism” Role of History in the Post- Muriel Atkin, Department of Soviet States” History, Georgetown University; Muriel Atkin, Department of Robert Huber, Vice President, History, Georgetown University; International Research and Marjorie Mandelstam Balzer, Exchanges Board (IREX), Department of Sociology, Washington, D.C.; Igor Krupnik, Georgetown University; Susan Department of Anthropology, Bronson, Program Associate, Smithsonian Institution. SSRC, New York; Michael Herzfeld, Department of Session II: “Defining Social Anthropology, Harvard University. Movements” Muriel Atkin, Department of Session VII: “Transformations History, Georgetown University; of Identity: Ethnicity, Robert Huber, Vice President, Nationality, Gender, Class, IREX, Washington D.C.; Igor Age” Krupnik, Department of Marjorie Mandelstam Balzer, Anthropology, Smithsonian Department of Sociology, Institution. Georgetown University; Susan Bronson, Program Associate, Session III: “The SSRC, New York; Michael Methodological Morass: How Herzfeld, Department of Krasnoiarsk. Roman Catholic church. (Photo: to Measure Change” Anthropology, Harvard University; William Brumfield) Susan Bronson, Program Igor Krupnik, Department of Associate, Social Science Anthropology, Smithsonian James H. Billington, Librarian of Research Council (SSRC), New Institution. Congress; Charles Ellis, John York; Robert Huber, Vice Wiley & Sons and Chairman of the President, IREX, Washington D.C.; 9–10 MARCH 1993 Board, Association of American Blair A. Ruble, Director, Kennan Conference Publishers; Iaroslav Isaevych, Institute. “PUBLISHING AND BOOK Institute of Ukrainian Studies, CULTURE IN RUSSIA AND Academy of Sciences of Ukraine; Session IV: “Competing Vladimir Grigor’ev, Vagrius THE NEW STATES: Ideologies in the New Nation- Publishers; Eric J. Schwartz, Office States” CHALLENGES FOR THE of the Registrar of Copyrights, Susan Bronson, Program WEST” Library of Congress; Eric H. Smith, Associate, SSRC, New York; Cosponsored by PUBWATCH, International Intellectual Property Robert Huber, Vice President, New York, The Center for the Alliance; Vladimir Stabnikov, IREX, Washington D.C.; Nancy Book, Library of Congress; The Russian PEN Centre. Lubin, Department of History, Soros Foundation, New York; and Carnegie-Mellon University, and the Kennan Institute. Panel II: “New Western Fellow, U.S. Institute of Peace. Initiatives” Introductory Remarks Moderator: Philip Altbach, Session V: “Is There a Homo John Y. Cole, Center for the Book, Comparative Education Center, Soveticus? And Where Does Library of Congress; Peter B. State University of New York, He/She Live?” Kaufman, PUBWATCH, New York; Buffalo. Marjorie Mandelstam Balzer, Blair A. Ruble, Director, Kennan Dan Davidson, American Council Department of Sociology, Institute. of Teachers of Russian; Stephen Georgetown University; Susan Heyneman, The World Bank; Bronson, Program Associate, Panel I: “A Time of Troubles” William J. Lofquist, U.S. SSRC, New York; Michael Moderator: Peter B. Kaufman, Commerce Department; Frank Herzfeld, Department of PUBWATCH, New York. Method, Agency for International Anthropology, Harvard University; Vitaly Babenko, Text Publishers; Development. 163

30 YEAR REPORT | CONFERENCES Panel III: “Information about Professor of History, Baruch Professor of History, University of Books in Russia” College, City University of New California, Berkeley. Moderator: Edward Kasinec, York; Richard Wortman, Professor Slavic and Baltic Division, New of History, Columbia University. Concluding Session York Public Library Chair: Isabell Hull, Professor of Gennadii B. Kazuminov, Knizhnoe Session III: “Visions of Empire: History Cornell University. Jane obozrenie; Mikhail Levner, Library Ideals and Representations” Burbank, Associate Professor of of Congress, Moscow Office; Irene Chair: Frank Sysyn, Director, Peter History, University of Michigan; M. Steckler, Special Assistant to Jacyk Center for Ukrainian Nancy Shields Kollmann, Associate the Librarian of Congress Historical Research, University of Professor of History, Stanford (Russia/CIS Projects). Alberta. University; Richard Stites, Professor James Cracraft, Professor of of History, Georgetown University; Dinner Reception History, University of Illinois; and Reginald E. Zelnik, Professor of Keynote Speaker: Vassily Andrew Kahn, Don of Slavic History, University of California, Aksyonov, writer, Washington D.C. Literature, Oxford University, Berkeley. (Members Coordinating England. Committee Planning Workshop on Panel IV: “Commercial Reconstructing the History of Opportunities in Russia and Session IV: “Institutions of Imperial Russia Social Science the New States” Empire: Colonial Service and Research Council New York.) Moderator: Andrew Nurnberg, Colonial Culture Part I” Andrew Nurnberg Associates. Chair: Daniel Brower, Professor of 22–24 SEPTEMBER 1993 Charles Clark, International History, University of California, Conference Publishers Copyright Council; Davis. “SOVIET-JAPANESE RELA- Martin Levin, Cowan Liebowitz & Michael Khodarkovsky, Assistant TIONS 1920s–1940s: TWO Professor of History, Loyola Latman; Andrew Nurnberg, WORLD VISIONS” Andrew Nurnberg Associates; University, Chicago; Yuri Slezkine, Cosponsored by the Kennan Gleb Uspensky, Vagrius Publishers Assistant Professor of History, Institute; the University of and the Task Force Against Book University of California, Berkeley. Pittsburgh; The International Piracy in Russia. House of Japan Tokyo; and Session V: “Institutions of American University. 9–11 SEPTEMBER 1993 Empire: Colonial Service and Workshop Colonial Culture Part II” Introductory Remarks Chair: Michael Stanislawski, “VISIONS INSTITUTIONS Chair: Charles Blitzer, Director, Nathan J. Miller Professor of AND EXPERIENCES OF Woodrow Wilson International Jewish History, Columbia IMPERIAL RUSSIA: WORK- Center for Scholars. University. J. Thomas Rimer, Professor of SHOP I” Thomas Barrett, Ph.D. candidate, Japanese Literature and Theatre, Sponsored by the Program on the Department of History, and Chair, Department of East Soviet Union and its Successor Georgetown University; Austin Asian Languages and Literatures, States, Social Science Research Jersild, Ph.D. candidate, University of Pittsburgh; Masaru Council, New York. Department of History, University Tamamoto, Advanced Research of California, Davis. Session I: “Introductory Fellow, Program on U.S.-Japan Relations, Center for International Remarks” Session VI: “Institutions of Affairs, Harvard University; Haruki Jane Burbank, Associate Professor Empire: Provincial and City Wada, Professor of Russian of History, University of Michigan. Institutions” History, University of Tokyo. Chair: Louise McReynolds, Session II: “Visions of Empire: Associate Professor of History, Panel I: “Overview of Soviet- Imperial Family Court and University of Hawaii. Japanese Relations Patriarchy” Douglas Smith, Ph.D. candidate, 1920s–1940s” Chair: Reginald E. Zelnik, University of California, Los Chair: Mary Bullock, Director, Asia Professor of History, University of Angeles; Richard Stites, Professor Program, Woodrow Wilson California, Berkeley. of History, Georgetown University; Center. Allison Katsev, Ph.D. candidate, Donald Thumim, Ph.D. candidate, Edwin O. Reischauer, Institute of Department of History, Stanford Department of History, Harvard Japanese Studies, Harvard University; Cynthia Whittaker, University; Reginald E. Zelnik, 164 University; Testyua Sakai, Visiting

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER Scholar; Haruki Wada, Professor of Union, Tokyo; Masaru Tamamoto, Moscow; Adjunct Professor, Russian History, University of Advanced Research Fellow, Russian Area Studies Program, Tokyo; David Wolff, Assistant Program on U.S.-Japan Relations, Georgetown University; and Professor, Department of Center for International Affairs, Adjunct Professor, Department of Sociology, Princeton University. Harvard University; Shinji Yokote, Russian and East European Associate Professor, Faculty of Law Studies, Nitze School of Panel II: “The Cultural and Politics, Keio University, Tokyo. Advanced International Studies, Dimension” Johns Hopkins University; Blair A. Chair: Blair A. Ruble, Director, Panel V: “Territorial Disputes Ruble, Director, Kennan Institute; Kennan Institute. and Military Interaction” James Allen Smith, Executive Eric Gangloff, Associate Executive Chair: Gilbert Rozman, Professor Director, The Howard Gilman Director, Japan-U.S. Friendship and Director of Graduate Studies, Foundation, New York; author, Commission, Washington D.C.; Department of Sociology, The Idea Brokers; and author, Lydia Gromkovskaia, Chief Princeton University. institutional histories of The Researcher, Modern Japanese Bruce Cumings, Professor of Brookings Institution and The Literature, Institute of Oriental History, University of Chicago; Center for Strategic and Studies, Moscow, and former Stuart Goldman, Specialist in International Studies. Short-Term Scholar, Kennan Russian Affairs, Congressional Commentator: Brad Roberts, Institute; Aleksandr Zhukov, Research Service, Library of Editor, The Washington Quarterly. Researcher, Department of Congress; Konstantin Sarkisov, Japanese Studies, Institute of Director, Center for Japanese Panel II. Chair: James Allen Oriental Studies, Moscow. Studies, and Deputy Director, Smith, Executive Director, The Institute of Oriental Studies, Howard Gilman Foundation, New Panel III: “Russia Looks to Moscow. York. Japan” Roundtable Discussion: “The Chair: Stephen Kotkin, Assistant Concluding Session Structure and Function of Professor, Department of History, Speaker: J. Thomas Rimer, American Independent Research Princeton University. Professor of Japanese Literature Institutes.” Mikiso Hane, Szold Distinguished and Theatre, and Chair, Service Professor of History, Knox Department of East Asian Panel III. Chair: Blair A. Ruble, College; Kirill Razlogov, Director, Languages and Literatures, Director, Kennan Institute. Scientific Research Institute of University of Pittsburgh. Nina Belyaeva, President, Culture, Moscow; Nobuo Interlegal Research Center, Shimotomai, Visiting Scholar, 12 NOVEMBER 1993 Moscow; Adjunct Professor, Harvard Russian Research Center, Workshop Russian Area Studies Program, Harvard University; Semën “CONSULTING ON THE Georgetown University; and Verbitskii, independent scholar, POLICY OF REFORM: A Adjunct Professor, Department of Maryland, and former Senior Russian and East European WORKSHOP FOR NEW Researcher, Institute of Oriental Studies, Nitze School of Studies, Moscow. RUSSIAN THINK TANKS” Advanced International Studies, Cosponsored by the Kennan Johns Hopkins University; Panel IV: “Japan Looks to Institute; Interlegal Research Center Vyacheslav Igrunov, Director, Russia” Moscow; and Interlegal USA Inc., Institute of Humanitarian-Political Chair: J. Thomas Rimer, Professor New York; with funding provided Studies, Moscow; Head of Japanese Literature and by the Eurasia Foundation Information Department, Russian Theatre, and Chair, Department of Washington, D.C. and the Samuel Federation Committee on East Asian Languages and Rubin Foundation New York. National Policy; and Contributor, Literatures, University of Session I of the workshop, held at 20th Century and Peace; Anatoly Pittsburgh. the Kennan Institute, was followed Kovler, Senior Researcher, Germaine Hoston, Professor of by a series of meetings held at vari- Interlegal Research Center, Political Science, University of ous think tanks in Washington D.C. Moscow; Director, Center for California, San Diego; Daizo Comparative Law, Institute of Takahashi, independent researcher Session I State and Law, Russian Academy and Representative, Association for of Sciences, Moscow; and Head, the Documentation of the Lives of Panel I. Nina Belyaeva, President, Political Parties and Political Japanese Interned in the Soviet Interlegal Research Center, Marketing Desk, Russian Academy 165

30 YEAR REPORT | CONFERENCES of Management, Administration Nationalities (Goskomfederatsiia), Panel III: “Nationalism and of the President of the Russian Moscow. Nationalities” Federation; Vladimir Lepëkhin, Chairman: Robert Huber, Vice Director, Russian Institute, Panel I: “The Parts and the President, International Research Moscow; Coordinator, Russian Whole: An Uneasy and Exchanges Board (IREX), Association of Political Experts Relationship” Washington, D.C. and Advisors; and Member of the Chairman: Sergio Arzeni, Magomedsalikh Magomedovich Board “Institute of Economist and Principal Gusaev, Chairman, State Development” Foundation, Administrator, Organization for Committee on National Policy and Moscow; Gleb Pavlovsky, Editor- Cooperation and Development Foreign Relations, Republic of in-Chief, 20th Century and (OECD), Paris. Dagestan; Yuri Mikhailovich Peace, Moscow; Co-Director, Gregorio Arena, Department of Konev, Deputy Head, Tyumen Analytical Center “20th Century Juridical Science, University of Oblast’ Administration; Irina and Peace;” and Senior Adviser Trento; Philip Hanson, University Sergeevna Kuznetsova, Deputy (former President), PostFactum of Birmingham; Sergei Head, Kalinigrad Oblast’ News Agency, Moscow; Georgy Nikolaevich Semakov, Chief, Administration; Riccardo Satarov, INDEM (Information Department on Subjects of the Scartezzini, Department of Social Science for Democracy), Center Federation, Goskomfederatsiia, Theory, History, and Research, for Applied Political Studies, Moscow; Zhan Terent’evich University of Trento; Roberto Moscow; Director-General, Toshchenko, Head, Department of Toniatti, Department of Juridical Russian Socio-Political Center, Analysis, Prognosis, and Science, University of Trento; Moscow; and Member, Operational Response, Sergei Ivanovich Popov, Deputy Presidential Council of the Goskomfederatsiia Moscow; Director, Department of Social Russian Federation. Salvatore Zecchini, Chairman, Problems, and Chief, Department Department of Assistance to of Interethnic Relations and 11–12 FEBRUARY 1994 Eastern Europe Organization for Relations with Social Conference Cooperation and Development Organizations, Stavropol Oblast’ “REGIONAL EXPERIENCES (OECD), Paris. Administration; Vitalii Filipovich IN RUSSIA AND IN ITALY” Zhuravlev, Chairman, Committee Trento Italy. Cosponsored by Panel II: “Local Societies, on Nationalities Policy, Rostov Provincia Autonoma Di Trento; Policies, Economies” Oblast’ Administration. Biblioteca per l’Autonomia; Chairman: Bruno Dallago, International Research & Department of Economics, Panel IV: “Round Table: Russia Exchanges Board; University of University of Trento. and Italy Experiences Trento; European Association for Sergio Arzeni, Economist and Compared” Comparative Economic Studies; Principal Administrator, OECD, Chairman: Blair A. Ruble, Director, Goskomfederatsiya (Russian State Paris; Giuseppe Carullo, Faculty of Kennan Institute. Committee on the Federation and Economics and Commerce, Giorgio Conetti, Institute of Nationalities); Kennan Institute; University of Ancona; Gianfranco International Law, University for and the Organization for Cerea, Department of Economics, the Study of Trieste; Zsuzsanna Economic Cooperation and University of Trento; Viacheslav Hargitai, European Bank for Development. Nikolaevich Egorov, Chairman, Reconstruction and Development, Committee on Nationalities, London; Mikhail Valentinovich Opening Addresses Confessional Questions, and Savva, Chief, Department of Gianni Bazzanella, President of Relations with Social Nationalities and Migration, the Autonomous Province of Organizations, Ulyanovsk Oblast’ Krasnodar Oblast’ Administration; Trento; Bruno Dallago, Administration; Bruno Grancelli, Dmitrii Viktorovich Zhitin, Deputy Department of Economics, Department of Social Politics, Chief, Department of Migration, University of Trento; Robert University of Trento; Anatolii Leningrad Oblast’ Administration. Huber, Vice President, Iakovlevich Kuzminskii, Chairman, International Research and Committee on Nationalities Policy, Conclusions Exchanges Board (IREX), Kemerov Oblast’ Administration; Blair A. Ruble, Director, Kennan Washington, D.C.; Valerii Maurizio Mistri, Department of Institute; Valerii Nikiforovich Nikiforovich Shamshurov, Deputy Economic Science, University of Shamshurov, Deputy Chairman, Chairman, Russian State Padua. Goskomfederatsiia, Moscow. 166 Committee on the Federation and

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER 16–18 MAY 1994 Petersburg; John Stubbs, Program Tulane University; Antony French, Conference Director, World Monuments Fund. Professor, Department of “HISTORIC PRESERVATION: Geography, University College, ISSUES CONFRONTING Panel III: “Multiple Cultures, London; Blair A. Ruble, Director, Multiple Heritages” Kennan Institute; Aleksandr EASTERN EUROPE Discussion Leader: Samuel Vysokovskii, Department Chief, AND RUSSIA” Gruber, Director, Jewish Heritage Institute of the Theory of Radziejowice Poland. Council, World Monuments Fund. Architecture and City Planning, and Cosponsored by the Woodrow Lester Borley, Secretary General, Director, Polis-3 Consulting Firm. Wilson International Center for Europa Nostra, Edinburgh; John Scholars Federal Conference Maciuika, Department of Panel VII: Conclusions Fund; the Kennan Institute Architecture, College of Discussion Leader: Blair A. Ruble, Endowment Fund; the Woodrow Environmental Design, University Director, Kennan Institute. Wilson/Kennan Institute Moscow of California, Berkeley; Father Alumni Association; and the Polish Georgii Mitsov, Priest, Church of 24–29 JULY 1994 Committee of the International the Ascension of Christ, Pskov Conference Council of Museums (ICOM). Oblast’; Leonid Raputov, Senior “LAW, POLITICS, ECONO- Researcher, History of Architecture MY, THE MASS MEDIA, AND Opening Addresses Department, Moscow NATIONAL RELATIONS” Grigorii Kaganov, Leading Architectural Institute. Scientific Worker, Institute of the Cosponsored by the Moscow School of Political Studies, the Theory of Architecture and City Panel IV: “Church and State Council of Europe, the Ministry of Planning, Moscow; Wojciech and Historic Preservation: A Foreign Affairs of Russia, the Kowalski, Professor of View from the Media” Foreign and Commonwealth International Law, University of Discussion leader: Feliks Office of Great Britain, the Silesia; Blair A. Ruble, Director, Razumovskii, Co-Creative Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Kennan Institute. Producer, Artistic Broadcasting France, and the Center for Liberal Program “Fate of Russia,” and Conservative Policy, Russia; Panel I: “Maintaining A Sense Moscow. of National Heritage” with support provided by the NIPEK Corporation Russia; the Discussion Leader: Wojciech Panel V: “Practical Problems MOST Group, Russia; SHH Kowalski, Professor of and Conflicting Interests” Moscow (an international law International Law, University of Discussion Leader: Blair A. Ruble, firm), Russia; the International Silesia. Director, Kennan Institute. Republican Institute, United Leszek Jodlinski, International Larisa Bannikova, General Director States; the Kennan Institute, Center of Culture, Krakow; of Historic Restoration, Novgorod; United States; and the Friedrich Richard Longstreth, Professor, Roger Lewis, Professor of Naumann Foundation, Germany. American Studies Program, Architecture, University of George Washington University; Maryland, and Columnist, The Opening Ceremony Feliks Razumovskii, Co-Creative Washington Post; André Meyer, Francis Richards, Minister, Embassy Producer, Artistic Broadcasting President, de la Commission of Great Britain in Russia; Richard Program “Fate of Russia,” Fédérale des Monuments Miles, Deputy Head of Mission, Moscow; Tat’iana Vasil’eva, Historiques, Lucerne; Aleksei Embassy of the United States in Director, Office of Cultural Affairs- Shchenkov, Leading Scientific Russia; Vladimir Lukin, Member Yaroslavl’ Oblast’ Administration. Worker, Institute of the Theory of and Chairman, Commission on Architecture and City Planning, International Affairs, Russian State Panel II: “Defining A Sense of Moscow; Tat’iana Vasil’eva, Duma; Viacheslav Bakhmin, Head, Place” Director, Office of Cultural Affairs, Directorate of International Discussion Leader: Grigorii Yaroslavl’ Oblast’. Kaganov, Leading Scientific Humanitarian and Cultural Cooperation, Ministry of Foreign Worker, Institute of the Theory of Panel VI: “Preservation Affairs of Russia; Arkadii Murashëv, Architecture and City Planning, Pluralism” Member, Russian State Duma, and Moscow. Discussion Leader: Blair A. Ruble, Chairman, Center for Liberal and Boris Nikolashchenko, Head of Director, Kennan Institute. Conservative Policy; Elena “Tsentr” Planning Studio, Institute William Brumfield, Professor, Nemirovskaya, Director, Moscow of the General Plan of the City, St. German/Slavic Department, School of Political Studies. 167

30 YEAR REPORT | CONFERENCES Opening Lecture Great Britain; Gennadii Burbulis, Skoptsov, Deputy General Dominique Moisi, Deputy Member, Russian State Duma, Manager and Member, Board of Director, Institute of International and President, “Strategiia” Directors, NIPEK Corporation, Relations, Paris, “Democracy and Center for Humanitarian and Russia; Sergei Zverev, Deputy International Policy.” Political Studies; Aleksandr General Director, MOST Group, Sogomonov, Institute of Russia; Mikhail Leontiev, First Politics: Part I Sociology, Moscow. Deputy Editor-in-Chief, Segodnia, Georgy Satarov, Advisor to Russia; and Andrew Cowley, Russian President Boris Yeltsin on Politics: Part V Moscow Correspondent, The Parliamentary and Public Otto von der Gablentz, German Economist, Great Britain. Organizations Matters, and Ambassador to Russia. Director, INDEM Center, Moscow; Politics and the Mass Media Aleksei Salmin, Member, Economics: Part II Bernard Ingham, former Press Presidential Council of Russia, and Vitalii Naishul, President, Institute Secretary to Prime Minister Director, Center for Political for the Study of the National Margaret Thatcher; Pilar Bonet, Technologies; Aleksandr Economy. Moscow Correspondent, El Pais, Sogomonov, Institute of Madrid; John Lloyd, Moscow Sociology, Moscow. Politics: Part VI Correspondent, Financial Times, Robert Putnam, Professor, Center London; Mikhail Leontiev, First Politics: Part II for International Affairs, Harvard Deputy Editor-in-Chief, Segodnia, Bernd Papenkort, Branch Chief, University; Alvaro Gil-Robles, Russia. Military Cooperation Plans and Professor, University of Madrid; Policy Division, NATO, Brussells; Aleksandr Sogomonov, Institute of Concluding Lecture Claus Offe, Professor, Center for Sociology, Moscow. Diana Pinto, historian, France. Social Politics, University of Bremen, Germany; Evgenii National Relations 8 SEPTEMBER 1994 Kozhokin, Director, Russian Center Ernest Gellner, Professor, Central Conference for Strategic Studies. European University, and King’s “CHINA AND CENTRAL College, Cambridge, United ASIA: ETHNIC, ECONOMIC, Law and the Mass Media Kingdom. AND POLITICAL INTERAC- Archibald Hamilton, Member of Parliament, House of Commons, Politics and Economics: Part I TIONS” Great Britain; Robert Tyrer, Chief Dufourcq Nicolas, Vice-General Cosponsored by the Asia Program of Staff, Office of United States Secretary, Saint-Simon and the Kennan Institute of the Senator William Cohen; Shirley Foundation, France; Anatolii Woodrow Wilson Center. Williams, Professor, Harvard Karpov, President, POLYEX Joint- University; Aleksandr Stock Company, Russia. Introduction and Welcome Sogomonov, Institute of Mary Brown Bullock, Director, Asia Sociology, Moscow. Economics: Part III Program, Woodrow Wilson Center. Vitalii Naishul, President, Institute Politics: Part III for the Study of the National Panel I: “Regional Historical David Blackman, Head, Division Economy; Aleksandr Sogomonov, Religious and Environmental for Central and Eastern Europe, Institute of Sociology Moscow. Legacies” European Parliament, Brussels; Chair: Stephen Dale, Professor of Aleksei Salmin, Member, Law and Economics History, Ohio State University. Presidential Council of Russia, and Marcia Levy, Office Head, Norton Pamela Crossley, Professor of Director, Center for Political Rose (law firm), Great Britain. History, Dartmouth College; Technologies. Thomas T. Allsen, Associate Politics and Economics: Part II Professor of History, Trenton State Economics: Part I Aleksandr Livshits, Head, Experts College; James Reardon- Blair A. Ruble, Director, Kennan Group under Russian President Anderson, Director of Asian Institute. Boris Yeltsin; Kakha Bendukhidze, Studies, School of Foreign Chairman, NIPEK Corporation, Service, Georgetown University; Politics: Part IV Russia, and Chairman, Board of Beatrice Manz, Associate Doug Henderson, Member of Directors, Bank of Industry and Professor of Middle Eastern and 168 Parliament, House of Commons, Commerce, Russia; Leonid Central Asian History, Tufts

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER University; Jonathan Lipman, Hawaii, Manoa; Sergei Gretsky, Department for Disarmament Associate Professor and Chair, Contract Researcher, United Studies, Institute of World Department of History, Mount States Information Agency; June Economy and International Holyoke College. Teufel Dreyer, Professor of Relations (IMEMO), Russian Political Science, University of Academy of Sciences, Moscow; Panel II: “Changing Patterns Miami, Florida; Graham E. Fuller, Andrzei Wroblewski, Editor-in- of Ethnic Identity” Senior Political Scientist, RAND Chief, Gazeta Bankova Warsaw; Chair: Benjamin Self, Program Corporation, Washington, D.C. and Shlomo Avineri, Professor of Associate, Asia Program, Political Science, Hebrew Woodrow Wilson Center. 1–4 OCTOBER 1994 University of Jerusalem. Linda Benson, Professor of History, Conference Oakland University Michigan; “EUROPE AND AMERICA: Working Group: “The Future Justin Rudelson, Assistant CHALLENGES AND OPPOR- of European Integration” Professor of Anthropology, Tulane Chair: Herman Van der Wee, TUNITIES” University; Shirin Akiner, Director, Professor of Economic History, Wolfsberg, Switzerland. Central Asia Research Forum, University of Leuven, Belgium. Cosponsored by the Woodrow School of Oriental and African Wilson International Center for Studies, University of London; Working Group: “Economic Scholars, the Wilson Center Jiger Janabel, Ph.D. candidate, Transition in Eastern Europe European Alumni Association; Committee on Inter-Asian and and Russia” L’Union de Banque Suisse (Union Altaic Studies, Harvard University; Chair: Andrzei Wroblewski, Editor- Bank of Switzerland); Federal Eden Naby, Associate Center for in-Chief, Gazeta Bankova, Department of Foreign Affairs, Middle Eastern Studies, Harvard Warsaw. Switzerland; Principality of University. Liechtenstein; Vontobel Holding Working Group: “Prospects AG; Winterthur Schweizerische Panel III: “Economic for European Security” Versicherungs Gesellschaft; Development” Chair: Samuel F. Wells Jr., Deputy Migros-Genossenschafts-Bund; Chair: Albert Keidel, Consultant, Director, Woodrow Wilson Center, Branco Weiss; Swissair; Eduard Country Operations Division, Washington, D.C. Keller, AG; Neue Zürcher Zeitung; China and Mongolia, World Bank TA-Media AG; ABB Corporate (International Bank for Working Group: “International Research; Oskar Reinhart Reconstruction and Migrations and Ethnic Collection “Am Römerholz” Development), Washington, D.C. Minorities” Winterthur; and the University of Melvyn Goldstein, J.R. Harkness Chair: Ivan Hannaford, Fellow, St. Gallen, Zurich. Professor of Anthropology, Case Faculty of Human Sciences, School Western Reserve University; Peter of Social Science, Kingston Opening Reception and Murrell, Professor of Economics, University, Surrey, United Kingdom. Welcome University of Maryland, College Charles Blitzer, Director, Woodrow Park; Boris Rumer, Research Working Group: “Europe’s Wilson International Center for Associate and Fellow, Russian Cultural Encounter with Scholars; Joseph Flom, Chairman, Research Center, Harvard America” Board of Trustees, Woodrow University; Stanley Toops, Chair: Yves-Henri Nouailhat, Wilson Center, and Partner, Assistant Professor of Geography, Professor of Modern History, Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & International Studies Program, University of Nantes, France. Flom, New York, New York; Ulrich Miami University, Ohio. Grete, Member, Group Executive Working Group: Board, Union Bank of Switzerland; Panel IV: “Regional Political “Development of Democratic Samuel F. Wells, Jr., Deputy Interactions” Institutions in Europe” Director, Woodrow Wilson Center. Chair: A. Doak Barnett, Professor Chair: Vladislav Zubok, Senior Emeritus of China Studies, Nitze Scholar, National Security Plenary Session School of Advanced International Archives, Washington, D.C. Anna Balletbò, Member of Studies, Johns Hopkins University. Parliament, Spain, and Professor, Dru Gladney, Associate Professor Evening Lecture Autonomous University of of Asian Studies, East-West Speaker: Stuart E. Eizenstat, U.S. Barcelona; Aleksei Arbatov, Center, School of Hawaiian, Asian, Ambassador to the European Member of Parliament, Russian and Pacific Studies, University of Union. State Duma, and Head, 169

30 YEAR REPORT | CONFERENCES Other participants: Roger Danchev, Department of Woodrow Wilson Center; Petr Absalom, Education International Relations, University Mares, Institute of International Consultant/Contract Assessor, of Keele, United Kingdom; Richard Politics, Charles University, Prague; Higher Education Funding, Davy, freelance writer, Oxford, Andrei Marga, Professor of Council for England, Sheffield, United Kingdom; Ingemar Dörfer, Contemporary Philosophy and United Kingdom; Konrad Adam, Special Adviser on Arms Control Vice-Rector, University of Cluj Correspondent, Frankfurter and Disarmament, Ministry of Napoca, Romania; Antoine Allgemeine Zeitung, Frankfurt; Foreign Affairs, Stockholm; David Maurice, Editor, Journal de Magda Adám, Professor of History, Englander, United Kingdom; Claire Génève, Geneva; Jacob Metzer, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Flom, Trustee, Fordham University, Department of Economics, Budapest; Elena Aga-Rossi, New York; Il’ia Gaiduk, Institute of Hebrew University of Jerusalem; Professor of Contemporary World History, Russian Academy of Silva Meznaric, Senior Researcher, History, University of L’Aquila, Sciences, Moscow; Zagorka Institute for Migration and Rome; Dvora Avineri, Director, Golubovi, Professor of Ethnicity Research, Humanities Divison of International Anthropology, Center for Expert Group, Slovenia; Sergo Agreements, Social Security Philosophy and Social Theory, Mikoyan, Institute for Peace Institute, Jersualem; Haim Avni, A. University of Belgrade; Gabriel Studies, Russian Academy of Harman Institute of Contemporary Gorodetsky, Russian and East Sciences, Moscow; Roger Jewry, Hebrew University of European Center, Tel Aviv Munting, School of Economic and Jerusalem; Aleksei Barabashev, University; Leonid Gozman, Social Studies, University of East Professor and Department Vice- Associate Professor of Social Anglia, United Kingdom; Jane Chairman, Philosophy of Natural Psychology, Moscow State Mutnick, Woodrow Wilson Center; Sciences, Moscow State University; Bozkurt Güvenç, Denise Nouailhat, Nantes, France; University; Vladimir Batiuk, Professor of Anthropology, Patrick O’Meara, Professor of Institute of the USA and Canada, Hacettepe University, Anakara; Russian, Trinity College, University Russian Academy of Sciences, Melda Güvenç, Anakara, Turkey; of Dublin; Peter Paczolay, Moscow; Darko Beki, Permanent Katalin Hanák, Budapest, Hungary; Counselor, Hungarian Mission of the Republic of Croatia Peter Hanák, Head, Department of Constitutional Court, Budapest; to the Council on Security and Modern History, Institute, Longin Pastusiak, Professor of Cooperation in Europe, (CSCE) Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Political Science, Polish Institute of Vienna; Guillaume Bertier de Budapest; Jan Havránek, Director, International Affairs, Warsaw, and Sauvigny, Paris, France; Geoffrey Institute of History, Charles Member of Parliament, Poland; Best, Senior Associate Member, University, Prague; Ricardo Emil Payin, Director, Center for St. Antony’s College, Oxford, Jagmetti, President, Federal Ethno-Political Studies, Foreign United Kingdom; Ivan Biani, Senate, Switzerland; Géza Policy Association, Moscow, and Professor of Macroeconomics, Jeszensky, Professor of History, Member, Presidential Council of University of Zagreb; Sergei Budapest University; Sylvia the Russian Federation; Michael Bobylëv, Professor of Economics, Kedourie, editor, United Kingdom; Pinto-Duschinsky, Senior Lecturer Moscow State University, and Dermot Keogh, Jean Monnet, in Government, Brunel University, Research Fellow, Institute of Professor, Department of Modern and Lecturer in Politics, Pembroke Economics, Russian Academy of History, University College, Cork, College, Oxford, United Kingdom; Sciences, Moscow; François Ireland; Lars Kleberg, Embassy of Shelley Pinto-Duschinsky, Oxford, Bondy, Political Editor, Schweiger Sweden in the Russian Federation, United Kingdom; Joze Pirjevec, Monatshefte, Zurich; Lilian Bondy, Moscow; Friedhelm Krüger- Universita degli Studi di Trieste Zurich, Switzerland; Mihai Botez, Sprengelm, German Ministry of Facolta di Lettere e Filosofia, Italy; Ambassador of Romania to the Justice, Bonn; Elsbeth Kux, Olav Riste, Institute for Defense United States, Washington, D.C.; Kuesnacht, Switzerland; Ernst Kux, Studies, Oslo; Wojciech Anna Cavalli, Florence, Italy; Professor of Political Science Roszkowski, Institute of Political Luciano Cavalli, Director, Center of Emeritus, St. Gallen University, Studies, Polish Academy of Political Sociology, University of Zurich; John Lampe, Director, East Sciences, Warsaw; Blair A. Ruble, Florence; Shahram Chubin, inde- European Studies, Woodrow Director, Kennan Institute, pendent researcher and consult- Wilson Center; Aryi Lapidoth, Woodrow Wilson Center; Ingelore ant, Geneva; Olga Crisp, Professor Jersulaem, Israel; Ruth Lapidoth, Rummel, University of Munich; Emeritus, School of Slavic and East Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Reinhardt Rummel, Research European Studies, University of Jerusalem; Robert Litwak, Director, Fellow, Stiftung Wissenschaft und 170 London, United Kingdom; Alex Division of International Studies, Politik Ebenhausen, Germany;

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER Annemie Schwarz, Bonn Germany; Exchanges Board (IREX), the Brezinski, Facultat fur Hans-Peter Schwarz, Seminar fur Kennan Institute, and the Wirtschaftwissenschaftern, Politische Wissenschaft University of Trento, Italy, with the Bergakademie, Freiberg; Sergei Rheinischen, Friedrich-Wilhems participation of the Ministry of Il’in, First Deputy Chairman of Universität, Bonn; Evgenii Nationalities and Regional Policy Administration, Ministry of Shershnev, Institute of the USA of the Russian Federation, the Nationalities and Regional Policy and Canada, Russian Academy of Center for Cooperation with of the Russian Federation; Sciences, Moscow; Magne Economies in Transition of the Giuseppe Folloni, Professor of Skodvin, Professor of History Organization for Cooperation and Economics, University of Trento; Emeritus, University of Oslo; Jerzy Security in Europe, the European Bruno Grancelli, Professor of Szacki, Professor of Sociology, Association for Comparative Social Politics, University of Trento. Warsaw University; Sergei Tagor, Economic Studies, and Informest, Senior Research Fellow in Political Italy. Panel III: “Company Networks Science, Institute of Latin America, and Industrial Districts” Russian Academy of Sciences, Opening Address Chairman: Peter Stavrakis, Senior Moscow; Elke Thiel, Senior Gianni Bazzanella, President, Associate, Kennan Institute, Research Associate, Stiftung Autonomous Province of Trento; Washington, D.C., and Associate Wissenschaft und Politik, Bruno Dallago, Professor of Professor of Political Science, Ebenhausen, Germany; Oleg Economics, University of Trento. University of Vermont. Troyanovskii, former Ambassador Sergio Arzeni, Organization for of the USSR to the United Nations, Panel I: “Forms of Federalism: Economic Cooperation and Moscow; Leopold Unger, Fiscal Federation and Development (OECD), Paris; Columnist, Le Soir, Brussels; Karl- Cooperative Federalism.” Vladimir Gryzlov, Head, Eugen Wädekin, former Professor Chairman: Aleksei Chubarenko, Department of the Ural-Volga of International and East European Head, Department of Relations Region, Department of Agrarian Policies, Justus-Liebig- with the Subjects of the Cooperation with Subjects of the Universität, Giessen, Germany; Federation, Presidential Federation, Presidential Sherrill Wells, Elliott School of Administration of the Russian Administration of the Russian International Affairs, George Federation. Federation; Maurizio Mistri, Washington University, Giorgio Brosio, Professor of Professor of Economics, University Washington, D.C.; Wlodzimierz Economics, University of Turin; of Padua; Douglas Lippoldt, Wesolowski, Institute of Gianfranco Cerea, Professor of Organization for Economic Philosophy and Sociology, Polish Economics, University of Trento; Cooperation and Development Academy of Sciences; Gerhard Anatolii Ushakov, Head, (OECD); Harvey Feigenbaum, Wettig, Senior Scholar, Federal Department of Budgets, Finance, Professor of Political Science, Institute for Eastern and and Investment Activity of the George Washington University. International Studies, Cologne; Regions, Ministry of Nationalities Karol Wolfke, Professor of and Regional Policy of the Russian Panel IV: “Regional International Law Emeritus, Federation; Alexander Neuber, Development, Institutions, University of Warsaw; Agnieszka European Bank for Reconstruction and Democracy” Wroblewski, Warsaw; Vincent von and Development, London. Chairman: Sergio Arzeni, Wroblewsky, editor and philoso- Organization for Economic pher, Berlin. Panel II: “Regional Policies” Cooperation and Development Chairman: Bernadine Joselyn, (OECD), Paris. 13–15 OCTOBER 1994 Senior Specialist for Professional Pëtr Nadolishnii, Head, Section on Conference Training Programs, International National Minorities and National- “COMPARATIVE PERSPEC- Research and Exchanges Board Cultural Autonomy, Department TIVES ON REGIONAL ECO- (IREX), Washington, D.C. of Nationality Affairs, Ministry of Monroe Newman, Chair, Nationalities and Regional Policy NOMIC DEVELOPMENT: Department of Economics, of the Russian Federation; Eliza LOCAL RESOURCES AND Pennsylvania State University; Willis, Assistant Professor, THE ROLE OF GOVERN- Aleksei Chubarenko, Head, Department of Political Science, MENTS” Department of Relations with the Grinnell College; Evgenii Iakushin, Trento. Cosponsored by the Subjects of the Federation, Economic Advisor, Section for Autonomous Province of Trento, Presidential Administration of the Interethnic Relations of the the International Research and Russian Federation; Horst Problems of the Northern Region, 171

30 YEAR REPORT | CONFERENCES Department of Interethnic Discussant: Vladimir Shlapentokh, Panel III: “The New Russian Relations, Ministry of Nationalities Professor of Sociology, Michigan Military: A Conflicted Threat” and Regional Policy of the Russian State University. William Odom, Director, National Federation; Jonathan Howes, Security Studies, Hudson Institute, Secretary, Department of 16–18 MARCH 1995 and Adjunct Professor, Yale Environment, Health, and Natural Congressional Staff Briefing University; Bruce Parrott, Director, Resources, State of North “THE UNITED STATES AND Russian Area and East European Carolina; Roberto Toniatti, THE NEW RUSSIA: HOW Studies Program, Nitze School of University of Trento. HIGH ARE THE STAKES?” Advanced International Studies, Johns Hopkins University. Cosponsored by the Kennan Panel V: “Round Table: Next Institute and the Stanley Steps in the Regional Panel IV: “The State of Foundation, Muscatine, Iowa. Economic Development Democracy in Russia” Project” Opening Lecture Leon Aron, E.L. Wiegand Fellow, Discussion Chair: Bruno Dallago, American Enterprise Institute for Ambassador Jack Matlock, Jr., Professor of Economics, University Public Policy Research; Blair A. Kathryn and Shelby Cullom Davis of Trento. Ruble, Director, Kennan Institute. Professor in the Practice of International Diplomacy, School of 7 NOVEMBER 1994 17 MARCH 1995 International and Public Affairs, Conference Conference Columbia University, and former “THE RUSSIAN POLITICAL U.S. Ambassador to the USSR. “THE CRISIS IN CHECHNYA ELITE TODAY” AND THE RUSSIAN FEDER- Cosponsored by the Kennan Panel I: “The Challenge of the ATION” Institute and Michigan State New Russia: Matching Policy Cosponsored by the Kennan University. with National Interests” Institute and the Russian Area Ariel Cohen, Salvatori Fellow in Studies Program of Georgetown Opening Remarks Russian and Eurasian Studies, University. Vladimir Shlapentokh, Professor, Heritage Foundation; John Sociology Department, Michigan Herbst, Director, Office of Panel I: “The Crisis in the North State University; Christopher Independent States and Caucasus and the Reaction in Vanderpool, Chairman, Commonwealth Affairs, U.S. the Ethnic Republics” Department of Sociology, Department of State; Michael Joan Eichrodt, Senior Michigan State University. Mandelbaum, Christian A. Herter Correspondent, Voice of America; Professor and Director, American John Colarusso, Professor of Discussion Panel Foreign Policy Program, Nitze Anthropology, McMaster Speaker: Olga Kryshtanovskaya, School of Advanced International University; Marjorie Mandelstam Chair, Department of Elite Studies, Johns Hopkins University, Balzer, Adjunct Professor of Studies, Institute of Sociology, and Director, Project on East-West Sociology, Georgetown University, Russian Academy of Sciences, Relations, Council on Foreign and Editor, Anthropology and Moscow. Relations; and Blair A. Ruble, Archeology of Eurasia; and Daniel Discussion leaders: Tat’iana Director, Kennan Institute. C. Matuszewski, President, Marchenko, Senior Fellow, International Research and Institute of Social and Economic Panel II: “Prospects for the Exchanges Board (IREX), Problems of the Population, New Russian Economy” Washington, D.C. Moscow; Galina Starovoitova, Co- James Millar, Director, Institute for Chair, Democratic Russia European, Russian, and Eurasian Panel II: “The Impact on Movement, Moscow; and Alla Studies, and Professor of Russia’s Regions” Yaroshinskaya, Member, International Affairs and Kathryn Stoner-Weiss, Assistant Presidential Council, Moscow. Economics, George Washington Professor of Political Science, University; John Sullivan, McGill University; James Hughes, Public Lecture Executive Director, Center for Professor, London School of Yuri Levada, Director, Center for International Private Enterprise Economics; and Angela Stent, Public Opinion Studies, Moscow; (CIPE), U.S. Chamber of Associate Professor of Vladimir Shubkin, Senior Fellow, Commerce. Government, Georgetown Institute of Sociology, Russian University. 172 Academy of Sciences, Moscow.

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER Panel III: “The Impact on Mark Field, Fellow, Russian “Sorgutneftegaz” Joint-Stock Russian Politics and Research Center, and Adjunct Company, Surgut, Khanti- International Relations” Professor, School of Public Health, Mansiisk Autonomous Okrug, Lilia Shevtsova, Deputy Director, Harvard University; Andrei Tiumen Oblast’; El’za Yakovleva, Institute for International Kazakov, Deputy Director, Institute Senior Specialist, Analytical Economic and Political Studies, for Complex Social Studies, Center, Office of the President of Moscow; Director, Center for Moscow; D.J. Peterson, Graduate the Sakha Republic (formerly Political Studies, Moscow; and Fellow, University of California, Yakutia), Yakutsk. Fellow, Woodrow Wilson Center; Los Angeles, and RAND Center Harley Balzer, Director, Russian for Eurasian Studies. Session IV: “Economics and Area Studies Program, and the Regions” Associate Professor of Dinner Reception Chair: Carl McMillan, Professor Government, Georgetown Welcoming Remarks: Larry Black, of Economics, Carleton University; and Peter Stavrakis, Director, Centre for Research on University. Senior Associate, Kennan Canadian-Russian Relations, Carol Clark, Assistant Professor Institute. Carleton University. of Economics, Trinity College, Keynote Speaker: Robert V. Hartford; Darrell Slider, Associate 12–13 MAY 1995 Daniels, Professor Emeritus of Professor, Department of Conference History, University of Vermont. Government and International “REGIONS IN RUSSIA” Affairs, University of South Ottawa, Canada. Cosponsored by Session III: “Developments in Florida; Beth Mitchneck, the Kennan Institute and the the Regions” Assistant Professor, Department Centre for Research on Canadian- Chair: Joan DeBardeleben, of Geography and Regional Russian Relations and the Institute Director, Institute of Central/East Development, University of of Central/East European and European and Russian Area Arizona. Russian Area Studies of Carleton Studies, Carleton University. University. Elena Boikova, student, Session V: “Nationality, University of Chemical Ethnicity, and Regional Welcoming Remarks Engineering, Moscow; Lidia Issues” Joan DeBardeleben, Director, Deliatitskaya, Head, Municipal Chair: Piotr Dutkiewicz, Institute of Central/East European Bureau of Social and Associate Professor of Political and Russian Area Studies, Psychological Assistance to Science, Carleton University. Carleton University. Families and Children of the City Oleg Zaznaev, Researcher, of Georgievsk, Stavropol Krai; Department of Political Science, Session I: “Politics and the Victor Khitrov, Principal Kazan’ State University; Cynthia Regions” Researcher, Stavropol Institute of Buckley, Assistant Professor of Chair: Peter Solomon, Professor Educational Development, Sociology, University of Texas, of Political Science, University of Stavropol Krai; Sergei Malakhov, Austin; Greg Poelzer, Assistant Toronto. Head, Sociological Center, Professor of Political Science, Don Rowney, Professor of History, Administration of Khanty- University of Northern British Bowling Green State University; Mansiisk Autonomous Okrug, Columbia. Aleksandr Galkin, Senior Khanti-Mansiisk, and Associate, Researcher, International Institute for Complex Social 25 OCTOBER 1995 Foundation for Socio-Economic Studies, Moscow; Tat’iana Conference and Political Studies, Gorbachev Maslova, Head, Laboratory of the “CULTURE AND CINEMA IN Foundation, Moscow; John Sociology of Education, SOVIET AZERBAIJAN, Stavropol Institute of Educational Young, Assistant Professor of 1900–1990” Political Science, University of Development, Stavropol Krai; Iurii Moskovskii, Scientific Northern British Columbia. I. “Sources and Characteristics Researcher, Sociological Center, of Azerbaijani National Russian Academy of Service, Session II: “Social and Identity” Office of the President of the Environmental Problems and Tadeusz Swietochowski, Professor, Russian Federation, Moscow; the Regions” Department of History and Elena Voronova, Head, Chair: Gennady Ozornoy, Anthropology, Monmouth Sociological Department, Assistant Professor of Geography, College; Evan Siegel, Adjunct Information Center, Carleton University. Lecturer, Department of 173

30 YEAR REPORT | CONFERENCES Mathematics, City University of clips from In a Certain Southern 24 JULY 1996 New York; Ronald G. Suny, City, 1970, and Devil in a Mirror, Conference Professor, Department of History, 1987. Shown at the 1995 annual “HEALTH AND MEDICAL University of Chicago. conference of the American CARE IN THE FORMER Association for the Advancement SOVIET UNION” II. “The Soviet Style in of Slavic Studies. Azerbaijani Cinema” Participants: Daniel Abele, Research Associate, Kennan Michael Smith, Assistant 3–5 JUNE 1996 Institute; Stephen M. Ayres, Dean Professor, Department of History, Conference Emeritus, School of Medicine, University of Dayton; Leila “COMMERCE AND CUL- Virginia Commonwealth Aliyeva, Director-General, TURE IN LATE IMPERIAL University; Edward J. Burger, Jr., Independent Center for Strategic RUSSIA” Director, Institute for Health Policy and International Studies, Baku, Moscow Analysis; Bruce Buscio, Air Force and USIA Regional Exchange Medical Intelligence Center; Scholar, Kennan Institute; Session I Kathryn Dickey Carol, Eli Lilly and Rakhman Badalov, Khazar Yuri Petrov, Head, Department of Company; Mark Field, Fellow, University, Baku. Contemporary History, Institute Russian Research Center, and Commentator: Henry of Russian History, Russian Adjunct Professor, School of Public Huttenbach, Professor, Academy of Sciences, Moscow; Health, Harvard University; Sandra Department of History, City Natalia Datieva, Art Critic, Gust, Office of the Special Advisor College of New York. Institute of Russian History, on Assistance to the NIS, U.S. Russian Academy of Sciences, III. Roundtable: “Azerbaijani Department of State; William Moscow; Galina Ulianova, Cinema and Culture after Hadad, President, Mir Researcher, Institute of Russian Perestroika” Pharmaceutical; Timothy Heleniak, History, Russian Academy of The World Bank, Jeni Klugman, Denise Youngblood, Associate Sciences, Moscow. The World Bank; Jeremiah Norris, Professor, Department of History, Harvard Medical International; University of Vermont; Karmit Session II Karen Peterson, Program Officer Zysman, Director and Founder, James West, Visiting Professor, for Russia and the NIS, Fogarty International Azerbaijani Research Middlebury College; Sergei International Center, National and Development Institute, Kalmykov, Researcher, Institute of Institutes of Health; George Washington, D.C.; Oktai Russian History, Russian Academy Schieber, The World Bank; P.J. Mirkasimov, Director, Yeni Film of Sciences, Moscow, Boris Simmons, Environmental Change Center, Baku; Ludmilla Pruner, Anan’ich, Senior Fellow, Institute and Security Project, Woodrow Associate Professor, Language of Russian History, Russian Wilson International Center for Studies Department, U.S. Naval Academy of Sciences, St. Scholars; Valery N. Soyfer, Academy. Petersburg; Sergei Lebedev, Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Researcher, Institute of Russian IV. Concluding Address George Mason University; Peter J. History, Russian Academy of Stavrakis, Deputy Director, Kennan Katerina Clark, Professor, Sciences, St. Petersburg; Sergei Institute. Department of Comparative Beliaev, Russian State Historical Literature,Yale University. Archives, St. Petersburg. 2–4 OCTOBER 1996 Screening I Conference Session III Arshin Mal Alan (Wares for Sale), “CENTER-REGION RELA- Patricia Herlihy, Associate 1945; clips from Legend of the TIONS IN RUSSIA: POLITI- Professor, Department of History, Maiden Tower (silent), 1924, and CAL, ECONOMIC, HISTORI- Brown University; John Norman, Ismet (silent), 1934. Shown at the Associate Professor, Department CAL, AND EDUCATIONAL 1995 annual conference of the of History, Western Michigan PERSPECTIVES” American Association for the University; Nikolai Filatov, Yaroslavl’, Russia. Cosponsored by Advancement of Slavic Studies. Professor, Nizhny Novgorod State the United States Information University; William C. Brumfield, Agency (USIA) and the Kennan Screening II Professor, German and Slavic Institute. Another Life (Drugaia zhizn’), Department, Tulane University. 1987, screenplay by Oscar award- Welcoming Remarks winner Rustam Ibragimbekov; 174 Vladimir Afanasyev, Rector,

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER Yaroslavl’ State Pedagogical Regional Exchange Scholar, President, Kennan Institute Alumni University; Blair Ruble, Director, Kennan Institute; Sergei Berkner, Association. Kennan Institute, Washington, Professor, Department of English, Part One: Aleksei Barabashev, D.C.; Michael Richards, Assistant Voronezh’ Pedagogical University, Professor and Deputy Director of Cultural Attaché, U.S. Embassy, and Fulbright alumnus; Aleksandr the Institute of State Management, Moscow; Aleksei Barabashev, Sungurov, President, St. Petersburg Moscow State University, and Professor and Deputy Director of Humanities and Political Science President, Kennan Institute Alumni the Institute of State Center “Strategy,” and former Association; Vladimir Afanasyev, Management, Moscow State USIA Regional Exchange Scholar, Rector, Yaroslavl’ State University, and President, Kennan Kennan Institute. Pedagogical University; Vera Institute Alumni Association. Rybakova, Head of the Yaroslavl’ Session II-B: “Republics in the Oblast’ Department of Education. Session I: “A Historical Look Composition of the Russian Part Two: Irina Novikova, Director at the Balance between the Federation” of the Intensive Teaching Center, Center and Regions in Russia” Chair: Aleksandr Sungurov, Yaroslavl’; Galina Dianskaya, Chair: Aleksandr Khodnev, President, St. Petersburg Deputy Director of the Russian Associate Professor and Head of Humanities and Political Science State Library for the Blind, the Department of General Center “Strategy,” and former Moscow. History, Yaroslavl’ State USIA Regional Exchange Scholar, Discussants: Tat’iana Ledeneva, Pedagogical University, and for- Kennan Institute. Head of the Department of mer Short-Term Scholar, Kennan Natalia Soyunen, Advisor, Judicial Foreign Languages and Literature, Institute. Department, Legislative Assembly Yaroslavl’ State Pedagogical Vyacheslav Serbinenko, Professor, of Karelia, Petrozavodsk, and for- University; Marina Pluzenskaya, Department of History of Russian mer USIA Regional Exchange Head of the Department of Philosophy, Russian State Scholar, Kennan Institute. Automation, Yaroslavl’ Regional Humanities University, Moscow, Scientific Library, and Assistant at and former USIA Regional Session III: “Regional the Department of Psychology, Exchange Scholar, Kennan Economic Resources: The Yaroslavl’ State Pedagogical Institute; Vitalii Startsev, Professor Fight for Control” University; Natalia Ivanova, and Head of the Department of Chair: Aleksei Barabashev, Assistant Professor, Department of Russian History, Russian State Professor and Deputy Director of Theory and History of Pedagogical University, St. the Institute of State Pedagogics, Yaroslavl’ State Petersburg, and former Short- Management, Moscow State Pedagogical University. Term Scholar, Kennan Institute; University, and President, Kennan Andrei Suslov, Associate Institute Alumni Association. Session V: Roundtable: “The Professor, Department of Russian Presentation by Vyacheslav Future of Russia—Center vs. History, Perm’ State Pedagogical Sidorov, Advisor on Economics to Regions” University, and former USIA the Mayor of Yaroslavl’. Viktor Shnirel’man, Researcher at Regional Exchange Scholar, Discussion: Nikolai Odintsov, the Institute of Ethnology and Kennan Institute. Deputy Director of the Yaroslavl’ Anthropology, Russian Academy Electromechanics Factory; Evgenii of Sciences, Moscow, and former Session II-A: “Political Elites Vodichev, Researcher, Institute of Guest Scholar, Woodrow Wilson and Their Regional Influence” History of the Siberian Division of Center; Irina Dezhina, Senior Chair: Sergei Baburkin, Professor, the Russian Academy of Sciences; Researcher of the Institute of Department of General History, Professor, Siberian Academy for Economy in Transition, Moscow, Yaroslavl’ State University, and for- State Service, Novosibirsk; and and former USIA Regional mer USIA Regional Exchange former Short-Term Scholar, Exchange Scholar, Kennan Scholar, Kennan Institute. Kennan Institute. Institute; Valerii Belil’tsev, Director Sergei Baburkin, Professor, of the Training Center TRIZ, Head Department of General History, Session IV: “Regionalism of of the Department of Voronezh’ Yaroslavl’ State University, and for- the Russian Educational High School of Entrepreneurs. mer USIA Regional Exchange System” Scholar, Kennan Institute; Tat’iana Chair: Aleksei Barabashev, Closing Remarks Samsonova, Associate Professor, Professor and Deputy Director of Aleksei Barabashev, Professor and Department of Sociology, Moscow the Institute of State Management, Deputy Director of the Institute of State University, and former USIA Moscow State University, and State Management, Moscow State 175

30 YEAR REPORT | CONFERENCES University, and President, Kennan and former Guest Scholar, Corporation, and the Kyiv Taras Institute Alumni Association. Woodrow Wilson Center; Bruce Shevchenko University Institute of Menning, Instructor and Foreign International Relations. 25–26 November 1996 Military Analyst, Strategic Studies Conference Division, Department of Joint and Panel I: “Defining Ukrainian “MARSHAL GEORGII Combined Operations, U.S. Army National Security” ZHUKOV—THE MAN AND Command and General Staff Volodymyr Byelashov, Counselor, College, Fort Leavenworth, and Ukrainian Embassy; Joseph HIS FATE” former Fellow, Woodrow Wilson McMillan, Head, Slavic States Cosponsored by the Embassy of Center; Dr. William Spahr, Col. Section, Office of the Assistant the Russian Federation and the (ret.), historian. Secretary of Defense; Werner Kennan Institute in commemora- Bauwens, Liaison Officer for tion of the 100th anniversary of 5–7 DECEMBER 1996 Belgium and Luxembourg, NATO. Marshal Georgii Zhukov’s birth. Workshop Discussant: Ihor Koval, Director, Organized in conjunction with the Institute of Social Sciences and Department of Defense, Office of “CIVIL SOCIETY, SOCIAL International Relations, Odessa International Commemorations. CAPITAL, AND DEVELOP- University. MENT IN EURASIA: WORK- Welcoming Remarks SHOP I” Panel II: “Political Security” Yuli M. Vorontsov, Ambassador of Participants: Paul Aligica, Ilya Prizel, Associate Professor, the Russian Federation to the Department of Philosophy, School of Advanced International United States. Bowling Green State University; Studies, Johns Hopkins University; Richard Ericson, Professor of Hryhoriy Nemyria, Vice Rector and Morning Sessions Economics, Columbia University; Dean, Graduate School, University “Origin and Early Career,” “Fate Robert Field, Department of of Kyiv-Mohyla Academy; Jose during the Purges,” “Zhukov as History, Bowling Green State Casanova, Chair, Department of Chief of the General Staff,” “The University; Gregory Grossman, Sociology, The New School for May 15, 1941 Directive, June 22, Professor of Economics, University Social Research; Dominique Arel, 1941, and Stalin’s Counter- of California, Berkeley; Jerry Assistant Professor, The Watson Attack.” Hough, Professor of Political Institute, Brown University. Science, Duke University; Jack Discussant: Peter Stavrakis, Afternoon Sessions Knight, Professor of Political Deputy Director, Kennan Institute. “Soviet Combat Losses,” “Zhukov Science, Washington University, St. and Khrushchev, 1957.” Louis; Edward McClennen, Panel III: “Political Security” Panelists: Ambassador Oleg Professor of Philosophy, Bowling Chair: Mark von Hagen, Director, Troyanovskii, Advisor to the Green State University; Julie Kay The Harriman Institute, Columbia Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Russian Mueller, Assistant Professor of University. Federation; Former Soviet History, Colby College; Douglass Paul Josephson, Resident Fellow, Ambassador to the United North, Professor of Economics, Dibner Institute for the History of Nations, Japan, and China, and Washington University, St. Louis; Science and Technology, former Guest Scholar, Woodrow Mancur Olson, Professor of Massachusetts Institute of Wilson Center; Dr. William Spahr, Economics, University of Maryland, Technology; Oles Smolansky, Col. (ret.), Historian; Gen. Vladimir College Park; William Rosenberg, Professor of International Lobov, Former Chief of the Professor of History, University of Relations, Lehigh University; Oleh General Staff of the Armed Forces Michigan; Don Rowney, Professor Havrylyshyn, Alternate Executive of the USSR; Dr. Anatoly of History, Bowling Green State Director, International Monetary Davidenko, First Deputy Director, University; Peter J. Stavrakis, Fund. Discussant: Carlos Pascual, Institute of Military History, Deputy Director, Kennan Institute. Director for Russian, Ukrainian, Russian Ministry of Defense. and Eurasian Affairs, National 8–9 MAY 1997 Security Council. Seminar at the Kennan Conference Institute “UKRAINIAN NATIONAL Keynote Speech Ambassador Oleg Troyanovskii, SECURITY” Hon. Lynn Davis, Under Secretary Advisor to the Ministry of Foreign Cosponsored by the Kennan for Arms Control and International Affairs, Russian Federation; Institute, The Harriman Institute of Security Affairs, Department of Former Soviet Ambassador to the Columbia Univesity, the RAND State. 176 United Nations, Japan, and China,

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER Panel IV: “Military Security” Professor, Department of History, Department of History, University Chair: Alexander J. Motyl, Deputy Yale University. of Delaware. Director, The Harriman Institute, Columbia University. Session I: “Biases and Session III: “Russian and Non- John Jaworsky, Assistant Lacunae” Russian: Nationalities and Professor, Department of Political Chairs: Andrea Graziosi, Senior Foreign Policy” Science, University of Waterloo, Researcher, Università di Napoli Chairs: Terry Martin, Assistant Canada; Andrew Weiss, Policy “Federico II” and Visiting Professor, Department of History, Planning Staff, Department of Professor, Department of History, Harvard University; and Silvio State; Georgii Derlugian, Senior Yale University; and Oleg Pons, Researcher, Contemporary Fellow, U.S. Institute of Peace, Khlevniuk, Svobodnaia Mysl’. History, Università di Bari, and Washington, D.C.; Stephen Presentations: Jonathan Bone, Deputy Director, Fondazione Cambone, Senior Fellow, Center Department of History, University Gramsci, Rome. for Strategic and International of Chicago; Michael David-Fox, Presentations: Peter Blitstein, Studies, Washington, D.C. Assistant Professor, Department of Ph.D. candidate, Department of Discussant: John Steinbruner, History, University of Maryland, History, University of California, Senior Fellow, The Brookings College Park; Jana Howlett, Berkeley; Gennady Bordiugov, Institution, Washington, D.C. Department of Slavonic Studies, Moscow State University; Anna Cambridge University, Project Cienciala, Professor, Department Panel V: Roundtable: “The Consultant and Editorial Board of History, University of Kansas; Future of Ukrainian-Russian Member, Archives of the Soviet Francine Hirsch, Ph.D. candidate, Relations” Communist Party and the Soviet Department of History, Princeton Chair: Ian Brzezinski, Legislative State; Terry Martin, Assistant University; Mark Kramer, Director, Assistant, Office of Senator Professor, Department of History, Harvard Project on Cold War William Roth. Harvard University; Larissa Studies, and Senior Associate, Sherman Garnett, Senior Rogovaia, Head, Sekretotdel, Davis Center for Russian Studies, Associate, Carnegie Endowment RTsKhIDNI; Jan Plamper, Harvard University; Matt Payne, for International Peace; Oleksandr Ph.D.candidate, Department of Assistant Professor, Department of Pavliuk, Associate Professor, Kyiv- History, University of California, History, Emory University; David Mohyla Academy; Alexander Rahr, Berkeley. Wolff, Director, Cold War Head of the Russian CIS Unit, International History Project, Forschungsinstitut der Deutschen Session II: “Special Sources” Woodrow Wilson Center. Gesellschaft für Aüswartige Chairs: Julie Hessler, Assistant Politik; Roman Solchanyk, Professor, Department of History, Session IV: “Old Sources and Research Associate, The RAND University of Oregon; and Peter Historiography versus the Corporation; Igor Torbakov, Holquist, Assistant Professor, New Sources” Researcher, Institute of History, Department of History, Cornell Chairs: Gennady Bordiugov, Russian Academy of Sciences, University, and former Title VIII- Moscow State University; and Moscow. Supported Research Scholar, David R. Shearer, Associate Kennan Institute. Professor, Department of History, 16–18 MAY 1997 Presentations: Golfo Alexopoulos, University of Delaware. Conference Assistant Professor, Department of Presentations: Andrea Graziosi, “ASSESSING THE NEW History, University of South Senior Researcher, Università di SOVIET ARCHIVAL Florida; Jochen Hellbeck, Napoli “Federico II,” and Visiting Assistant Professor, Department of Professor, Department of History, SOURCES” History/Michigan Society of Yale University; Julie Hessler, Yale University. Cosponsored by Fellows, University of Michigan; Assistant Professor, Department of the Kennan Institute, Yale Lidia Kosheleva, former Head, History, University of Oregon; University, Instituto Italiano per Gli Sekretotdel, RTsKhIDNI; Matthew Peter Holquist, Assistant Studi Filosofici, and Maison Des Lenoe, Assistant Professor, Professor, Department of History, Sciences De L’ Homme. Department of History, University Cornell University, and former of Arkansas, Little Rock; Jeffrey Title VIII-Supported Research Introduction Rossman, Ph.D. candidate, Scholar, Kennan Institute; Gaël Andrea Graziosi, Senior Department of History, University Moullec, Maître de Conférences, Researcher, Università di Napoli of California, Berkeley; David R. Institut d’Études Politiques, Paris, “Federico II” and Visiting Shearer, Associate Professor, and Chercheur Associé, Institute 177

30 YEAR REPORT | CONFERENCES Petersburg; Vyacheslav Serbinenko, Doctor of Philosophy, Professor, Russian State Humanitarian University, Department of National Philosophy, Moscow.

Plenary Session 2: “Historical Aspects of National Relations and International Experience” Chair: Viktor Shnirel’man, Doctor of History, Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology, Russian Academy of Sciences. Andrei Suslov, Assistant Professor, Department of History, Perm State Pedagogical University; Leonid Serebryanni, Doctor of Geography, Professor, Institute of Eniseisk. Church of the Dormition. (Photo: William Brumfield) Geography, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow; Liudmilla d’Histoire du Temps Présent; Presentation Popkova, Assistant Professor, Silvio Pons, Researcher, Sergei Arutiunov, Doctor of Samara State University. Contemporary History, Università History, Corresponding Member di Bari and Deputy Director, of the Russian Academy of Plenary Session 3: “Economic Fondazione Gramsci; Leslie Sciences, Institute of Ethnology Basis of the Development of Rimmel, Hoover Institution, and Anthropology, Russian National Relations among the Stanford University. Academy of Sciences. Components of the Russian Discussant: Emil Payin, Member Federation” Summation of the Presidential Council, Chair: Viktor Vereshchagin, Paul Bushkovitch, Professor, Adviser to the President of the Deputy Director, Expert Institute, Department of History, Yale Russian Federation. Moscow. University. Sergei Bobylev, Doctor of Plenary Session 1: “Historical Economics, Professor, Moscow 28–29 JUNE 1997 Aspects of National Relations State University; Natal’ia Vlasova, Conference and International Experience” Assistant Professor, Department of “NATIONAL RELATIONS IN Chair: Aleksandr Khodnev, Doctor Regional and Municipal Economy, THE RUSSIAN FEDERA- of History, Yaroslavl’ State Ural State University, Ekaterinburg; Vera Shamota, TION” Pedagogical University, Head of the Department of General Department of Foreign Economic Suzdal’, Russia. Cosponsored by History. Relations and Tourism, the United States Information Aleksandr Khodnev, Doctor of Administration of Vladimir Agency (USIA) and the Kennan History, Yaroslavl’ State Oblast’; Marina Korobeinikova, Institute. Pedagogical University, Head of Department of Perspective and International Development, Opening Remarks the Department of General History; Viktor Shnirel’man, Administration of the City of Blair Ruble, Director, Kennan Doctor of History, Institute of Vladimir. Institute, Edward Kulakowsky, Ethnology and Anthropology, Assistant Cultural Attaché, U.S. Russian Academy of Sciences; Plenary Session 4: “The Ethnic Embassy, Alexei Barabashev, Mikhail Rodionov, Doctor of Dimension of Federalism” Professor and Deputy Director of History, Peter the Great Museum Chair: Aleksandr Sungurov, the Institute of State of Anthropology and Ethnography President, St. Petersburg Management, Moscow State (Kunstkamera), Russian Academy Humanitarian and Politological University, and President, Kennan of Sciences, Head of the Center “Strategy.” Institute Alumni Association. Department of Ethnography of William Smirnov, Head of the 178 East Asia and South-East Asia, St. Department of Politological

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER Research, Institute of State and the Institute of State Management, Kennan Institute. Law, Moscow; Viktor Avksentiev, Moscow State University, and The Honorable Jane Floyd, U.S. Assistant Professor, Department of President, Kennan Institute Alumni Consul General, Vladivostok; The Philosophy, Stavropol State Association. Honorable Vladimir Kuznetsov, University; Zinaida Ryabikina, Consul General of the Russian Assistant Professor, Department of 5–7 SEPTEMBER 1997 Federation, San Francisco; Judy Psychology, Kuban State Conference Thornton, Professor of Economics, University; Grigory Kliucharev, “INTELLIGENCE AND THE University of Washington. Doctor of Philosophy, Professor, CUBAN MISSILE CRISIS: Moscow Institute of Power Session II: “The Current U.S., SOVIET, AND Energy; and Lead Researcher, Commercial Environment of Russian Independent Institute of CUBAN ASSESSMENTS” the Russian Far East; Social and National Problems, Attracting Foreign Trade and Center for Human Rights and Session I Investment: What Regional Democracy Studies, Moscow. Raymond L Garthoff, former Governments Can Do; Region- Special Assistant for Soviet Bloc Region Development of Roundtable: “The Influence of Political/Military Affairs, U.S. Commercial Ties with the RFE; National Relations on the Department of State; Timothy Breaking Ground in the RFE: Development of the Federal Naftali, Visiting Assistant Professor, Commercial Opportunities and State Structure and on the Department of History, and Olin Challenges; U.S. Socio-Political Realities of the Fellow, International Security Competitiveness: Asian and Russian Federation” Studies, Yale University; Domingo European Activity in the RFE.” Chair: Sergei Baburkin, Doctor of Amuchastegui, former Intelligence Moderator: Tanya Shuster, Senior History, Yaroslavl’ State Analyst, Cuban Ministry of Russia Specialist, BISNIS. Pedagogical University. External Affairs (MINREX). Eric Johnson, Associate, Anatoly Kezin, Doctor of CIS/Russia Practice Group, Philosophy, Professor, Moscow Session II Coudert Brothers; Elisa Miller, State University, Head of the Beth Fischer, Norman Paterson Editor/Publisher, Russian Far East Department of Philosophy and School of International Affairs, Update; Rich Steffens, Principal Methodology of Science, Moscow; Carleton University; James J. Commercial Officer, U.S. & Foreign Marat Salikov, Assistant Professor, Wirtz, Naval Postgraduate School, Commercial Service, Vladivostok. Department of Constitutional Law Monterey. and Head of the Department of Keynote Address International Relations, Ural State 25 SEPTEMBER 1997 The Honorable Viktor Ishaev, Law Academy, Ekaterinburg; Conference Governor, Khabarovsk Krai. Tat’iana Samsonova, Professor, “RUSSIAN FAR EAST BUSI- Department of National NESS FORUM” Panel Discussion and Philosophy, Russian State Co-organized by the Business Workshop: “Financing Trade Humanitarian University, Moscow; Information Service of the Newly and Investment Projects in the Sergei Baburkin, Doctor of History, Independent States (BISNIS) of the Russian Far East.” Yaroslavl’ State Pedagogical U.S. Department of Commerce Moderator: Chuck Becker, University; Andrei Makarychev, and the Kennan Institute. Director, U.S. Department of Department of History, University Sponsored by Steptoe & Johnson, Commerce Alaska Export of Nizhnii Novgorod; Valentina LLP and Russian Far East Update. Assistance Center. Kupriyanova, Assistant Professor Dan Stein, NIS Regional Director, and Scientific Secretary, Far East Session I: “Political and U.S. Trade and Development Academy of State Service, Economic Factors Impacting Agency (TDA); David Ciagne, Vice Khabarovsk; Tat’iana Yeremina, Business in the RFE. Center- President, The U.S.-Russia Director, Institute for Regional Region Policies: Developments Investment Fund (TUSRIF); Dean Education Development, Moscow; in Moscow and the View from Peterson, U.S. Senior Commercial Svetlana Orechova, Assistant the Regions; Russia’s Officer, European Bank for Professor, Department of Slavic Economic Reform Program: Reconstruction and Development and West European Philology, What Remains; Center-Region (EBRD), London; Cheryl Conlin, Moscow State Pedagogical Dynamics and Its Impact on Loan Officer, Ex-Im Bank; Zlata University; Aleksei Barabashev, Business in the RFE.” Degtjar, Vice President, Overseas Professor and Deputy Director of Moderator: Blair Ruble, Director, Banking, U.S. Bank. 179

30 YEAR REPORT | CONFERENCES Panel Discussion: “Realities of of Political Science, University of Peter A. Gorin, Williamsburg, VA; Doing Business in the Russian Connecticut; Edward McClennen, Asif A. Siddiqi, Department of Far East; Shipping and Regents Scholar, Bowling Green History, Carnegie-Mellon Tranportation; Customs and State University; Julie Kay Mueller, University; James J. Harford, Certification; Legal Ins and Assistant Professor, Department of Executive Director Emeritus, Outs of Doing Business in the History, Colby College; David American Institute of Aeronautics RFE.” O’Brien, Professor, Department of and Astronautics; Andrew J. Moderator: David Poritzky, U.S. Rural Sociology, University of Aldrin, TRW Components Russia Business Council. Missouri, Columbia; Nellie Hauke International and Department of Vlad Berzonsky, Russin & Vecchi, Ohr, Assistant Professor, Political Science, California State LLP, Vladivostok; Rusty Devereaux, Department of History, Vassar University, Long Beach. Director, Russian Projects, JORE College; Nicolai Petro, Associate Group; Andrew Wilson, General Professor, Department of Political Session II: “Space and the Manager, Links Ltd., Vladivostok. Science, University of Rhode International Geophysical Island; Lawrence Robertson, Year” Workshop: “Sakhalin Island: Assistant Professor, Graduate Chair: Derek Elliott, Department Recent Developments” School of International Studies, of History, Geography, and Moderator: Carol Vipperman, University of Miami; Richard Rose, Political Science, Tennessee State Foundation for Russian/American Professor and Director, Center for University. Economic Cooperation. the Study of Public Policy, Kenneth A. Osgood, Department Paula Freer, Manager, University of Strathclyde, of History, University of California, Government Affairs, USX Glasgow; William Rosenberg, Santa Barbara; Dwayne A. Day, Corporation (Sakhalin-II); Roger Professor, Department of History, Guggenheim Fellow, National Air VanZele, Exxon Ventures University of Michigan; Don and Space Museum; Rip Bulkeley, (Sakhalin-I); Dinty Miller, Director, Rowney, Professor, Department of Oxford, England. American Business Center, Yuzhno History, Bowling Green State Sakhalinsk. University; Eric Sievers, Ph.D. can- Session III: “Immediate didate, Massachusetts Institute of Ramifications of Sputnik in the 26–27 SEPTEMBER 1997 Technology. United States” Workshop Chair: John Logsdon, Space “CIVIL SOCIETY, SOCIAL 30 SEPTEMBER–1 OCTOBER Policy Institute, George CAPITAL, AN DEVELOP- 1997 Washington University. Conference David L. Snead, Richmond, VA; MENT IN EURASIA: WORK- “RECONSIDERING SPUT- Eilene Galloway, Honorary SHOP II.” NIK: FORTY YEARS SINCE Director, International Institute of Participants: Peter Boettke, Space Law, and Trustee Emeritus, THE SOVIET SATELLITE” Associate Professor, Department International Academy of Cosponsored by the NASA of Economics and Finance, School Astronautics; Gretchen J. Van History Office, NASA of Business, Manhattan College; Dyke, Department of Political Headquarters Office of Policy and Sue Davis, Assistant Professor, Science, University of Scranton; Plans; National Air and Space Department of Political Science, J.A. Simpson, Enrico Fermi Museum, Smithsonian Institution; Grand Valley State University; Institute and Department of Space Policy Institute, George Richard Ericson, Department of Physics, University of Chicago. Economics and The Harriman Washington University; and the Kennan Institute. Institute, Columbia University; Session IV: “Immediate Stefanie Harter, Senior Research Ramifications of Sputnik— Keynote Speech Fellow, Bundesinstitut für International Perspectives” Walter A. McDougall, Professor of Internationale und Chair: Steven Dick, U.S. Naval History and International Osteuropäische Studien, Köln; Observatory. Relations, University of James Johnson, Professor, John Krige, Director, Centre de Pennsylvania. Department of Political Science, Recherche en Histoire des University of Rochester; Jack Sciences et des Techniques, Paris; Session I: “The Soviet Union Knight, Department of Political Guillaume de Syon, Albright and Sputnik” Science, Washington University, College; Lawrence S. Kaplan, Chair: Marcia Smith, Science NY; Christopher Marsh, Lecturer Director Emeritus, Lemnitzer Policy Research Division, and Ph.D. candidate, Department Center for NATO and European 180 Congressional Research Service.

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER Community Studies, Kent State Schimmelpenninck, Postdoctoral Combined Operations, U.S. Army University. Fellow, Olin Institute, Harvard Command and General Staff University; Gudrun Persson, Ph.D. College, Fort Leavenworth, and Day 2: Keynote Address candidate, London School of former Fellow, Woodrow Wilson Sergei Khrushchev, Watson Economics. Center. Institute, Brown University. David McDonald, Associate Panel Three Professor, Department of History, Session I: “Long-term Chair: Paul Kennedy, J. University of Wisconsin, Madison Consequences of Sputnik” Richardson Dilworth Professor of and former Short-Term Scholar, Chair: Robert Smith, Space History, Department of History, Kennan Institute; Dennis History Department, National Air Yale University. Showalter, Professor, Department and Space Museum. E. Willis Brooks, Associate of History, Colorado College; Lt. Roald Sagdeev, East-West Space Professor, Department of History, Gen. William Odom (Ret.), Senior Science Center, University of University of North Carolina; Fellow and Director, National Maryland; Cathleen S. Lewis, Jacob Kipp, Senior Analyst, Security Studies, Hudson Institute, Department of Space History, Foreign Military Studies Office, Washington, D.C. National Air and Space Museum; Fort Leavenworth; Robert William P. Barry, Department of Baumann, Historian, Combat 7–9 NOVEMBER 1997 Political Science, U.S. Air Force Studies Institute, U.S. Army Conference Academy; John A. Douglass, Command and General Staff “INVENTING THE SOVIET University of California, Santa College, Fort Leavenworth. UNION: LANGUAGE, Barbara, and Berkeley Center for POWER, AND REPRESENTA- Studies in Higher Education; Panel Four Glenn P. Hastedt, Department of Chair: Blair A. Ruble, Director, TION, 1917–1945” Political Science, James Madison Kennan Institute. Bloomington, Indiana. University. David Rich, Staff Historian, U.S. Cosponsored by the Kennan Department of Justice, and for- Institute, the International 31 OCTOBER–1 NOVEMBER mer Title VIII-Supported Research Research and Exchanges Board 1997 Scholar, Kennan Institute; John (IREX) and the Russian and East Conference Steinberg, Assistant Professor, European Institute, Indiana University, Bloomington. “REFORMING THE TSAR’S Department of History, Georgia ARMY” Southern University, and former Title VIII-Supported Research Panel I: “Ideology and the Cosponsored by Yale Propaganda of Health” International Security Studies Scholar, Kennan Institute; Bruce Menning, Instructor and Foreign Moderator: Ben Nathans, and the Smith-Richardson Assistant Professor, Department of Foundation. Military Analyst, Strategic Studies Division, Department of Joint and History, Indiana University. Combined Operations, U.S. Army Frances Bernstein, Postdoctoral Panel One Fellow, Department of the History Chair: David Goldfrank, Professor, Command and General Staff College, Fort Leavenworth, and of Science, Medicine, and Department of History, Technology, Johns Hopkins Georgetown University. former Fellow, Woodrow Wilson Center. University; Paula A. Michaels, Paul Bushkovitch, Professor, Assistant Professor, Department of Department of History, Yale History, University of Iowa. University; Dmitrii Oleinikov, Panel Five Editor, Rodina, Moscow. Mark von Hagen, Director, Harriman Institute, Columbia Panel II: “Narratives of Marxism and Regicide” Panel Two University; David Jones, Adjunct Professor, Russian Research Moderator: Jeff Wasserstrom, Chair: David McDonald, Associate Associate Professor, Department Professor, Department of History, Center of Nova Scotia, Dalhousie University, Halifax. of History, Indiana University. University of Wisconsin, Madison, Lisa A. Kirschenbaum, Assistant and former Short-Term Scholar, Panel Six Professor, Department of History, Kennan Institute. West Chester University; Lars T. Oleg Airapetov, Instructor, Chair: Bruce Menning, Instructor and Foreign Military Analyst, Lih, independent scholar, Department of History, Moscow Montreal. State University, and Short-Term Strategic Studies Division, Scholar, Kennan Institute; David Department of Joint and 181

30 YEAR REPORT | CONFERENCES Panel III: “Bolshevik Theater Department of History, University Professor, Department of Political and Spectators” of Kentucky, Lexington. Science, Northeast Oklahoma Moderator: Alexander State University; Marjorie Rabinowitch, Professor, Panel VII: “Soviet Mandelstam Balzer, Research Department of History, Indiana Representations: Memoirs, Professor, Center for Eurasian, University. Folk Music, and Photography” Russian, and East European Julie Anne Cassiday, Assistant Moderator: Nyusya Milman, Studies, Georgetown University; Professor, Department of Russian, Assistant Professor, Department of Michael J. Bradshaw, Human Williams College; Lynn Mally, Slavic Languages and Literatures, Geographer, School of Associate Professor, Department Indiana University, Bloomington. Geography, University of of History, University of California, Susannah L. Smith, Ph.D. candi- Birmingham, Edbaston, England; Irvine; James von Geldern, date, College of Liberal Arts, Cynthia Buckley, Assistant Associate Professor, Department University of Minnesota; Barbara Professor, Department of of Russian, Central and East Walker, Assistant Professor, Sociology, University of Texas, European Studies, Macalester Department of History, University Austin; Andrei Degtyarev, College. of Nevada, Reno; Erika Wolf, Associate Professor, Department Ph.D. candidate in History of Art, of Political Science, Moscow Panel IV: “Didactic Texts: University of Michigan. School of Social and Economic Journals and History Books” Sciences; Vladimir Gel’man, Moderator: Tom Ewing, Assistant Panel VIII: “Discourses of Lecturer in Russian Politics, Professor, Department of History, Power, Nationalism, and European University at St. DePauw University. Modernity” Petersburg; Kathryn Hendley, David Brandenberger, Ph.D. can- Moderator: Amy Nelson, Assistant Professor, Law School didate, Department of History, Assistant Professor, Department of and Department of Political Harvard University; Matthew History, Virginia Polytechnic Science, University of Wisconsin, Lenoe, Assistant Professor, Institute and State University. Madison; Grigory Ioffe, Associate Department of History, University Michael S. Gorham, Assistant Professor, Department of of Arkansas, Little Rock. Professor, Department of Russian, Geography, Radford University; University of Florida; (in absentia) Andrei Makarychev, Director, Panel V: “The Healthy and the Donald J. Raleigh, Professor, Center for Socio-Political and Injured Body” Department of History, University International Studies, Nizhny Moderator: Kenneth Slepyan, of North Carolina, Chapel Hill; Novgorod; Beth Mitchneck, Associate Professor, Department Mark D. Steinberg, Assistant Assistant Professor, Department of of History, Transylvania University, Professor, Department of History, Geography and Regional Lexington. University of Illinois. Development, University of Barbara Keys, Ph.D. candidate, Arizona; Nicolai Petro, Assistant Department of History, Harvard Keynote Address Professor, Department of Political University; Anna Krylova, Ph.D. Sheila Fitzpatrick, Bernadotte E. Science, University of Rhode candidate, Department of History, Schmitt Professor of Modern Island; Nancy Popson, Program Johns Hopkins University. Russian History, Department of Associate, Kennan Institute; History, Chicago University. Lawrence Robertson, Assistant Panel VI: “Socialist Realism, Professor, Graduate School of Ideology, and the Language of Final Discussion and International Studies, University of Celebration” Concluding Remarks Miami; Steven Solnick, Assistant Moderator: David L. Ransel, Moderators: Choi Chatterjee, Professor, Department of Political Director, Russian and East Assistant Professor, Department of Science, Columbia University; European Institute, and Professor, History, California State University, Blair Ruble, Director, Kennan Department of History, Indiana Los Angeles; Karen Petrone, Institute; Kathryn Stoner-Weiss, University, Bloomington. Assistant Professor, Department of Assistant Professor, Center of Choi Chatterjee, Assistant History, University of Kentucky, International Studies, Princeton Professor, Department of History, Lexington. University; Natal’ia Vlasova, California State University, Los Associate Professor, Department Angeles; Katerina Clark, Professor, 22–24 JANUARY 1998 of Regional and Municipal Department of Comparative Workshop Economics, Ural State Economic Literature, Yale University; Karen “REGIONAL RUSSIA I” University, Ekaterinburg. 182 Petrone, Assistant Professor, James Alexander, Assistant

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER 8–9 MAY 1998 Introduction Human Development and Family Workshop Michael Nolan, Social Science Studies, University of Missouri. “REGIONAL RUSSIA II” Unit Leader and Director of James Alexander, Assistant International Programs, College of Session IV Professor, Department of Political Agriculture, Food and Natural Richard Rose, Professor, Centre for Science, Northeast Oklahoma Resources, University of Missouri; the Study of Public Policy, State University; Michael J. Blair Ruble, Director, Kennan University of Strathclyde, Scotland. Bradshaw, Human Geographer, Institute; David O’Brien, Professor, School of Geography, University Department of Rural Sociology, Conclusion. of Birmingham, Edbaston, University of Missouri. Daryl Hobbs, Professor, England; Cynthia Buckley, Department of Rural Sociology, Assistant Professor, Department of Session I University of Missouri. Sociology, University of Texas, David Macey, Professor, Freeman Austin; Vladimir Gel’man, Lecturer International Center, Middlebury 22 JUNE 1998 in Russian Politics, European College; Charles Timberlake, Conference University at St. Petersburg; Professor, Department of History, “POST-SOVIET OR EURO- Grigory Ioffe, Associate Professor, University of Missouri. PEAN UKRAINE? POLITI- Department of Geography, CAL, ECONOMIC, AND Session II Radford University; Jodi Koehn, SOCIAL PERSPECTIVES” Program Specialist, Kennan David O’Brien, Professor, Kyiv, Ukraine. Sponsored by the Institute; Andrei Makarychev, Department of Rural Sociology, United States Information Agency. Director, Center for Socio-Political University of Missouri; Maria Organized by the Kennan Institute and International Studies, Nizhny Amelina, Research Associate, The and the Pylyp Orlyk Institute for Novgorod; Beth Mitchneck, World Bank. Democracy, Kyiv. Assistant Professor, Department of Critique and Discussion. Don Rowney, Professor, Geography and Regional Opening Remarks Development, University of Department of History, Bowling Gregory John Orr, Cultural Arizona; Nicolai Petro, Assistant Green State University. Attaché, U.S. Embassy, Kyiv; Professor, Department of Political Nancy Popson, Program Science, University of Rhode Session III Associate, Kennan Institute; Island; Nancy Popson, Program Valeri Pastiorkovski, Laboratory Markian Bilynskyj, Director, Pylyp Associate, Kennan Institute; Chief, Institute for Socio- Orlyk Institute for Democracy. Lawrence Robertson, Assistant Economic Studies of Population, Professor, Graduate School of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow; Stephen Wegren, “Foundations of Democracy in International Studies, University of Ukraine” Miami; Steven Solnick, Assistant Associate Professor, Department Chair: Oleksandr Pavliuk, Professor, Department of Political of Political Science, Southern Associate Professor, Department Science, Columbia University; Methodist University; Stefan of History, University of Kyiv- Blair Ruble, Director, Kennan Zhurek, Assistant Director, Mohyla Academy; Senior Institute; Natal’ia Vlasova, Kennedy School of Government, Research Associate, Institute of Associate Professor, Department Harvard University. EastWest Studies; former USIA of Regional and Municipal Regional Exchange Scholar, Economics, Ural State Economic Session IV Kennan Institute; and Member, University, Ekaterinburg. Larry Dershem, Postdoctoral Research Associate, Department of Kennan Institute Advisory Council. Vira Vovk, Senior Research Fellow, 11–13 MAY 1998 Rural Sociology, University of Institute of Sociology, Kyiv; Viktor Conference Missouri; Cynthia Buckley, Assistant Pasysnychenko, Associate “SOCIAL CAPITAL IN RURAL Professor, Department of Sociology, University of Texas, Professor, Department of Politics RUSSIA” Austin; Margaret Paxson, Ph.D. and Sociology, Kharkiv Columbia, Missouri. Cosponsored candidate, Department of Pedagogical University, and for- by the University of Missouri- Anthropology, l’Universite de mer USIA Regional Exchange Columbia, the Institute for Socio- Montreal, and Short-Term Scholar, Scholar, Kennan Institute; Natalya Economic Studies of the Russian Kennan Institute. Kovalchuk, Postdoctoral Fellow, Academy of Sciences, and the Critique and Discussion. Faculty of Philosophy and Culture, Kennan Institute. Jean Ispa, Professor, Department of Kyiv Taras Shevchenko University. 183

30 YEAR REPORT | CONFERENCES “Education ‘under’ Transition Institute Alumni Association; and Center for Eurasian, Russian, and and Education ‘for’ Transition” former USIA Regional Exchange East European Studies, Chair: Antonina Badan, Associate Scholar, Kennan Institute; Blair Georgetown University. Professor, Kharkiv Polytechnic Ruble, Director, Kennan Institute; Gregorii Vainshtein, Lead University. Janet Demiray, Branch Public Research Associate, Institute for Oleksandr Demyanchuk, Affairs Officer, Department of Comparative Social-Political Postdoctoral Studies Fellow, Social Exchanges, U.S. Information Studies, IMEMO, Russian University of Kyiv-Mohyla Service, United States Consulate, Academy of Sciences, Moscow; Academy, and former USIA St. Petersburg. Denis Dragunskii, Journalist, Itogi Regional Exchange Scholar, magazine, Moscow, and Peace Kennan Institute; Igor Solomadin, “Philosophical Basis and Fellow, United States Institute of Director, Laboratory for Historical Conditions for the Peace; Natalia Dinello, Adjunct Humanitarian Education, Kharkiv; Appearance and Lecturer, Department of Tetyana Koshmanova, Research Development of the Concept Sociology, Center for Russian and Fellow, Department of Pedagogy, of Civil Society” East European Studies, University University of L’viv. Chair: Aleksei Barabashev, of Pittsburgh, and former Title Professor, Institute of State VIII-Supported Research Scholar, “Prospects for Ukraine’s Management, Moscow State Kennan Institute; Mira Bergelson, Future” University; President, Kennan Assistant Professor, Department of Chair: Nancy Popson, Program Institute Alumni Association; and Foreign Languages, Moscow Associate, Kennan Institute. former Research Scholar, Kennan State University; Natalia Olha Nosova, Associate Professor, Institute. Savicheva, Program Director, Department of Economic Theory, Boris Mironov, Professor and Lead IREX, Moscow; Viktor Kharkiv State Polytechnic Research Associate, Institute of Vereshchagin, Deputy Director, University, and former USIA Russian History, Russian Academy Expert Institute, Moscow; Regional Exchange Scholar, of Sciences, St. Petersburg, and Member, Advisory Board of the Kennan Institute; Vladimir Dubovik, former Fellow, Woodrow Wilson Kennan Institute Alumni Associate Professor, Department of Center; Alla Sevastianova, Association; and former USIA International Relations, Odessa Professor and Head, Department Regional Exchange Scholar, State University; Deputy Director of Native History, Ryazan State Kennan Institute; Tat’iana and Senior Research Fellow, Pedagogical University, and former Samsonova, Assistant Professor, Odessa Center for International USIA Regional Exchange Scholar, Department of Sociology, Studies; and former USIA Regional Kennan Institute; Vladimir Gutorov, Moscow State University, and for- Exchange Scholar, Kennan Professor and Department Head, mer USIA Regional Exchange Institute; Olena Shostko, Faculty Department of Political Science, St. Scholar, Kennan Institute; Member, Ukrainian State Law Petersburg State University; Elena Liudmilla Popkova, Assistant Academy, Kharkiv. Rutkevich, Senior Research Professor, Department of Foreign Associate, Institute of Sociology, History, Samara State University, 30 JUNE–2 JULY 1998 Russian Academy of Sciences, and Director, Center for General Conference Moscow; Anatoly Kulik, Senior Research; Andrei Suslov, Senior “CIVIL SOCIETY: HISTORI- Research Associate, Institute of Research Associate, Perm State CAL AND PHILOSOPHICAL Scientific Information on Social Pedagogical University, and for- Sciences, Moscow; Vladimir mer USIA Regional Exchange ROOTS, REAL PRACTICE, Arshinov, Head, Department of Scholar, Kennan Institute; Evgenii AND PERSPECTIVES” Philosophy, Sociology, Politology, Vodichev, Lead Research Pushkin, Russia. Cosponsored by and Social History, Russian State Associate, Siberian Branch of the the United States Information Science Foundation, and Head, Institute of History, Russian Agency and the Russian Laboratory of Methodology of Academy of Sciences, Humanities Science Foundation, Interdisciplinary Research, Institute Novosibirsk; Consultant, Moscow. of Philosophy, Russian Academy of European Union TACIS Sciences, Moscow. Monitoring and Evaluation Introductory Remarks Program, and former Short-Term Aleksandr Sungurov, President, St. “Civil Society in Russia: Scholar, Kennan Institute; Vladimir Petersburg Humanities and Political Problems and Factors of Iakimets, Senior Researcher, Science Center “Strategy;” Stabilization” Research Institute for Systems 184 Member, Advisory Board, Kennan Chair: Harley Balzer, Director, Analysis, Russian Academy of

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER Sciences, Moscow, and former Scholar, Kennan Institute; Valentina Short-Term Scholar, Kennan Kuprianova, Scientific Secretary, Institute. Far East Academy of State Service, Khabarovsk; Viktoria Romanova, “Mutual Cooperation Assistant Professor, Department of between Society and Power: Twentieth-Century Political History, Conflict or Partnership?” Khabarovsk State Pedagogical Chair: Aleksandr Khodnev, Head, University; Sergei Baburkin, Department of History, Yaroslavl’ Professor, Department of Universal State Pedagogical University; History, Yaroslavl’ State Member, Advisory Board, Kennan Pedagogical University, and former Institute Alumni Association; and USIA Regional Exchange Scholar, former Short-Term Scholar, Kennan Institute. Kennan Institute. William Smirnov, Head, Center of 28 OCTOBER–1 NOVEMBER Political Science Studies, Institute 1998 for State and Law, Russian Conference Academy of Sciences, Moscow; “THE USES AND MISUSES Vice President, Russian OF LOCAL HISTORY” Association of Political Science; Prague, Czech Republic. Member, Russian Presidential Coordinated by East European Commission on Human Rights; Studies, Woodrow Wilson Center, Member, Advisory Board, Kennan and the Central European Institute Alumni Association; and University. former Short-Term Scholar, Kennan Institute; Aleksandr Krasnoiarsk. Church of the Intercession. Introductory Remarks (Photo: William Brumfield) Sungurov, President, St. Blair Ruble, Director, Kennan Petersburg Humanities and Institute; Jiri Musil, Professor, St. Petersburg Panel Political Science Center Central European University; Chair: Ilia Outekhine, Department “Strategy”; Member, Advisory Robert Ponichtera, Research of Ethnography, European Board, Kennan Institute Alumni Associate, East European Studies, University at St. Petersburg. Association; and former USIA Woodrow Wilson Center. Regional Exchange Scholar, Ilia Outekhine, Department of Kennan Institute; Amir Keynote Lecture Ethnography, European University at St. Petersburg; Aleksandr Khisamutdinov, Historian and Brian Ladd, Fellow, American Sekatskii, Professor, Department Senior Lecturer, Vladivostok State Academy in Berlin. University of Economics and of Philosophy, State University of Service. Prague Panel St. Petersburg; Grigorii Golosov, Associate Professor, Faculty of Chairs: Jiri Musil, Professor, Political Sciences and Sociology, “Perspectives of Develoment Central European University; European University at St. of Civil Society: National and Robert Ponichtera, Research Petersburg. Regional Aspects” Associate, East European Studies, Chair: Blair Ruble, Director, Woodrow Wilson Center Washington, D.C. Panel Kennan Institute. Cynthia Paces, Assistant Professor, Chair: Howard Gillette, Professor, Sergei Arutiunov, Head, Department of History, College of Department of American Studies, Department of Caucasus Research, New Jersey; Bruce Garver, George Washington University. Institute of Ethnology and Professor, Department of History, Howard Gillette, Professor, Anthropology, Russian Academy of University of Nebraska, Omaha. Sciences, Moscow, and former Department of American Studies, Short-Term Scholar, Kennan Keynote Lecture George Washington University; John Vlach, Professor, American Institute; Ildus Ilishev, Senior Viktor Shnirel’man, Doctor of Studies and Anthropology, Associate, Institute of History, History and Leading Researcher, George Washington University; Language, and Literature, Ufa Institute of Ethnology and Cornelia Spencer Love, Southern Scientific Center, Russian Academy Anthropology, Russian Academy Oral History Program, University of Sciences, Bashkortostan, and for- of Sciences, Moscow. mer USIA Regional Exchange of North Carolina. 185

30 YEAR REPORT | CONFERENCES Commentary: Pep Subiros, inde- Director, Environmental Change Coordinator, Environmental pendent scholar and Senior and Security Project, Woodrow Epidemiology Project, Harvard Fellow, Barcelona Institute for Wilson Center. School of Public Health. Humanities. Donald Bradley, Technical Group Manager, Batelle/Pacific “The Military and its Concluding Discussion and Northwest National Laboratories; Management of the Planning Session Lev A. Fedorov, Director, Union Environment” Chairs: Robert Ponichtera, for Chemical Safety, Moscow; D.J. Moderator: D.J. Peterson, Research Associate, East Peterson, Resident Consultant, Resident Consultant, International European Studies, Woodrow International Studies Group, Studies Group, RAND Wilson Center; Blair Ruble, RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, Corporation, Santa Monica, CA, Director, Kennan Institute. CA, and Public Policy Scholar, and Public Policy Scholar, Woodrow Wilson Center. Woodrow Wilson Center. Concluding Comments Ted Grochowski, Director, John J. Czaplicka, Fellow, Lunch Address European Programs, NUKEM, International Research Center for Gary Vest, Principal Assistant Frankfurt; Paul Childress, Cultural Sciences, Vienna. Deputy Under Secretary of Manager, Commercial and Defense for Environmental International Programs, B&W 9–10 NOVEMBER 1998 Security, Department of Defense. Services Inc., Lynchburg, VA; Conference Thomas Nilsen, Program “THE TOXIC LEGACY OF “Regional Perspectives on Manager, Russian Studies Group, THE COLD WAR IN THE Clean-up and Bellona Foundation, Oslo; Nils Redevelopment” Bøhmer, Physicist, Russian Studies FORMER SOVIET UNION: Moderator: Blair Ruble, Director, Group, Bellona Foundation, Oslo. ASSESSING Kennan Institute. CONDITIONS/FINDING Oleg Lystopad, Kyiv Ecological Lunch Address SOLUTIONS” and Cultural Center and Deputy Sverre Stub, Deputy Director Cosponsored by the Editor, Zeleny svit, Kyiv; Boris General, Norwegian Royal Environmental Change and Preobrazhenskii, Chief of Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Oslo. Security Project and the Cold War Laboratory, Pacific Institute of International History Project of the Oceanography, Far Eastern Concluding Remarks Woodrow Wilson Center; Office of Branch of the Russian Academy of Geoffrey D. Dabelko, Director, Population, U.S. Sciences, Vladivostok; Margaret Environmental Change and Agency for International Williams, Coordinator, Bering Sea Security Project, Woodrow Development; Population Fellows Ecoregion, World Wildlife Wilson Center; D.J. Peterson, Program, University of Michigan; Federation, and Editor, Russia Resident Consultant, and the Ploughshares Fund. Conservation News, Washington, International Studies Group, D.C.; Sergei Ponomarenko, Co- RAND Corporation, Santa Welcoming Remarks Director, Laboratory of Ecological Monica, CA, and Public Policy Geoffrey D. Dabelko, Director, Designs, Moscow. Scholar, Woodrow Wilson Environmental Change and Center. Security Project, Woodrow Wilson “The Impact on Communities Center. and the Role of NGOs” 13–14 JANUARY 1999 Moderator: Christian Ostermann, Conference Conference Overview Director, Cold War International “SOCIAL CONDITIONS AND D.J. Peterson, Resident Consultant, History Project, Woodrow Wilson HUMAN RIGHTS IN RUS- International Studies Group, RAND Center. SIA’S REGIONS” Corporation, and Public Policy Kaisha Atakhanova, Director, Cosponsored by the Henry M. Scholar, Woodrow Wilson Center; Karaganda EcoCenter, Jackson Foundation and Human Francis Macy, Director, Center for Kazakhstan; Paula Garb, Associate Rights Watch, New York. Safe Energy, Earth Island Institute, Adjunct Professor, School of San Francisco. Social Ecology, University of Introduction California, Irvine; Jennifer Adibi, Ludmila Alexeeva, Chair, Moscow “The Landscape of the Toxic Director, EcoBridge Environmental Helsinki Group. Legacy” Program, CEC International 186 Moderator: Geoffrey D. Dabelko, Partners, NY, and Project

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER Panel I: “Women’s Rights and Deputy Director, Human Rights Jodi Koehn, Program Specialist, Family Issues” Watch, Helsinki. Kennan Institute; Andrei Moderator: Joseph Dresen, Father Robert Drinan, Professor of Makarychev, Director, Center for Program Assistant, Kennan Law, Georgetown University Law Socio-Political and International Institute. Center; Lauren Homer, President, Studies, Nizhny Novgorod; Nicolai Clementine Fujimura, Assistant Law & Liberty Trust; Larry Uzzell, Petro, Assistant Professor, Professor, Department of Editor, Keston News Service, Department of Political Science, Language Studies, U.S. Naval Moscow. University of Rhode Island; Nancy Academy; Martina Vandenberg, Popson, Senior Program Research Associate, Women’s Panel V: “U.S. Policy Associate, Kennan Institute; Rights Division, Human Rights Ramifications of Social Lawrence Robertson, Assistant Watch, New York. Conditions and Human Rights Professor, Graduate School of in the Russian Federation” International Studies, University of Panel II: “Impact of Restricted Moderator: Joseph Dresen, Miami; Blair Ruble, Director, and Forced Population Program Assistant, Kennan Kennan Institute; Kathryn Stoner- Movements” Institute. Weiss, Assistant Professor, Center Moderator: Joseph Dresen, John Finerty, Staff Adviser, for International Studies, Princeton Program Assistant, Kennan Commission on Security and University; Natal’ia Vlasova, Institute. Cooperation in Europe; Anthony Associate Professor, Department Arthur Helton, Director, Forced Godfrey, Russian Affairs Officer, of Regional and Municipal Migration Projects, Open Society U.S. Department of State. Economics, Ural State Economic Institute, New York; Svetlana University, Ekaterinburg. Gannushkina, Co-Chair, Civic Lunch Keynote Address Assistance Committee, and Elena Bonner, Chairman, Andrei 11–14 MARCH 1999 Program Head, “Migrant Rights Sakharov Foundation. Conference Network,” the “Memorial” Human Introduction: Lara Iglitzin, “BEYOND STATE CRISIS? Rights Center, Moscow. Executive Director, Henry M. THE QUEST FOR THE EFFI- Jackson Foundation. CACIOUS STATE IN AFRICA Lunch Keynote Address Yuri Orlov, Senior Scientist, 23–24 JANUARY 1999 AND EURASIA” Newman Laboratory, Cornell Workshop Madison, Wisconsin. Cosponsored by the Kennan Institute, the Africa University, and Honorary “REGIONAL RUSSIA III” Studies Program, Global Studies Chairman of the International Organized by the Kennan Institute Program, and Center for Russia, Helsinki Federation for Human and the Moscow School of Social East Europe, and Central Asia, Rights. and Economic Sciences. University of Wisconsin, Madison; the Minnesota/Stanford/Wisconsin Panel III: “Expressions of James Alexander, Assistant MacArthur Consortium for Nationalism in Russia at the Professor, Department of Political International Peace and Regional Level: Ethnic Science, Northeast Oklahoma Cooperation; the International Rivalries Exposed” State University; Michael J. Institute, University of Wisconsin, Moderator: Joseph Dresen, Bradshaw, Human Geographer, Madison; Ford Foundation, Program Assistant, Kennan School of Geography, University Moscow, Nairobi, and Lagos; and Institute. of Birmingham, Edbaston, the U.S. Institute of Peace. Mark Beissinger, Professor, England; Cynthia Buckley, Department of Political Science, Assistant Professor, Department of Part I: “The Crisis of the State University of Wisconsin, Madison, Sociology, University of Texas, in Africa and Eurasia” and former Fellow, Woodrow Austin; Vladimir Gel’man, Lecturer Wilson Center; Aleksandr Osipov, in Russian Politics, European Session 1: “Imperial State Program Manager, the University at St. Petersburg; Legacies and the Crisis of the “Memorial” Human Rights Center, Kathryn Hendley, Assistant Post-Imperial State” Moscow. Professor, School of Law, and Chair: Crawford Young, H. Edwin Associate Professor, Department Young Professor, Department of Panel IV: “Regional of Political Science, University of Political Science, University of Implementation of the Federal Wisconsin, Madison; Grigory Ioffe, Wisconsin, Madison. Law Governing Religions” Associate Professor, Department Mark Beissinger, Professor, Moderator: Rachel Denber, of Geography, Radford University; 187

30 YEAR REPORT | CONFERENCES Department of Political Science, Bratton, Professor, Department of Commentators: Aili Tripp, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Political Science, Michigan State Assistant Professor, Department of and former Fellow, Woodrow University. Political Science, University of Wilson Center, and Crawford Wisconsin, Madison; Olga Young, H. Edwin Young Professor, Session 4: “Militaries, Militias, Zdravomyslova, Institute of Department of Political Science and Collapsed States” Socioeconomic Population University of Wisconsin, Madison; Chair: Stephen Stedman, Senior Studies, Moscow. Bogumil Jewsiewicki, Professor, Research Scholar, Center for Department of History, Laval International Security and Arms Session 7: “State Crisis and the University, Quebec. Control, Stanford University. Mobilization of Cultural Commentators: Valerie Bunce, Charles Fairbanks, Jr., Director, Difference” Professor, Department of Central Asia-Caucasus Institute, Chair: Francis Deng, Senior Government, Cornell University; School of Advanced International Fellow, The Brookings Institution, David Abernethy, Professor, Studies, Johns Hopkins University; Washington, D.C. Department of Political Science, William Foltz, H.J. Heinz Professor Allen Buchanan, Professor, Stanford University. of African Studies and Political Department of Philosophy, Science, Yale University. University of Arizona; David Laitin, Session 2: “The Breakdown of Commentator: I. William Professor, Department of Political State Institutions” Zartman, Jacob Blaustein Science, University of Chicago. Chair: Mark Beissinger, Professor, Professor of International Commentators: Rotimi Suberu, Department of Political Science, Organizations and Conflict Professor, Department of Political University of Wisconsin, Madison, Resolution, and Director of African Science, University of Ibadan; and former Fellow, Woodrow Studies, School of Advanced Robert Kaiser, Associate Professor, Wilson Center. International Studies, Johns Department of Geography, Vadim Volkov, European Hopkins University. University of Wisconsin, Madison. University at St. Petersburg; William Reno, Assistant Professor, Session 5: “Strategies of Part II: “Beyond State Crisis?” Department of Political Science, Personal Survival and Adaptation Florida International University. in Dysfunctional States” Session 8: “Can Weberian States Commentators: Jibrin Ibrahim, Chair: Vadim Volkov, European Be Reconstructed in Africa and Ahmadu Bello University; Georgii University, St. Petersburg. Eurasia?” Derlugian, Assistant Professor, Michael Kennedy, Associate Chair: Gail Lapidus, Senior Fellow, Department of Sociology, Professor, Department of Institute for International Studies, Northwestern University. Sociology, and Director, Center Stanford University. for Russian and East European Ghia Nodia, Fellow, Session 3: “Democratization, Studies, University of Michigan; Wissenschaftskolleg, Berlin, and Economic Transition, and the Peter Ekeh, Chair, Department of Chairman, Caucasian Institute for Crisis of the State” African-American Studies, State Peace, Democracy, and Chair: Valerie Bunce, Professor, University of New York, Buffalo. Development, Georgian Academy Department of Government, Commentators: Michael of Sciences, Tbilisi; David Cornell University. Schatzberg, Professor, Holloway, Director, Institute of Michael McFaul, Senior Associate, Department of Political Science, International Studies, Stanford Carnegie Endowment for University of Wisconsin, Madison. University; Stephen Stedman, International Peace, and Assistant Senior Research Scholar, Center Professor, Department of Political Session 6: “Gender and the for International Security and Science, Stanford University; Crisis of the State” Cooperation, Stanford University. Jennifer Widner, Associate Chair: Joy Kwesiga, Political Commentators: Timothy Colton, Professor, Department of Political Science Department, Makerere Professor, Davis Center for Russian Science, and Senior Associate University. Studies, Harvard University, and Research Scientist, Center for Maria Nzomo, Institute of René Lemarchand, Emeritus Political Studies, University of Diplomacy and International Professor, Department of Political Michigan. Studies, University of Nairobi; Science, University of Florida. Commentators: M. Steven Fish, Cynthia Buckley, Assistant Associate Professor, Department Professor, Department of Session 9: “The Stalled Wave of of Political Science, University of Sociology, University of Texas, Democratization” 188 California, Berkeley; Michael Austin. Chair: Jibrin Ibrahim, Department

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER of Political Science, Ahmadu Bello Vladimir Popov, Visiting Professor, Panel I University. Institute of European and Russian Lauren O’Connell, Associate Richard Joseph, Asa Griggs Studies, Carleton University. Professor, Department of Art Candler Professor, Department of History, Ithaca College; Pamela Political Science, Emory Session 12: “External Economic Kachurin, Research Fellow, Davis University; Lilia Shevtsova, Senior Institutions and the Crisis of the Center, Harvard University; Associate, Carnegie Endowment State” Elizabeth C. English, Ph.D. candi- for International Peace, Moscow, Chair: Peter Ekeh, Chair, date, School of Architecture, and former Fellow, Woodrow Department of African-American University of Pennsylvania; Anna Wilson Center; Anatoly Khazanov, Studies, State University of New Sokolina, independent scholar, Professor, Department of York, Buffalo. New York City. Anthropology, University of Peter Stavrakis, Associate Wisconsin, Madison. Professor, Department of Political Panel II Commentators: Olexiy Haran, Science, University of Vermont. Greg Castillo, Ph.D. candidate, Department of Political Science, Commentator: Peter Rutland, Department of Architecture, Kyiv-Mohyla Academy; Michael Professor, Department of University of California, Berkeley; Chege, Associate Professor, Government, Wesleyan University. Christina Kiaer, Assistant Professor, Department of Political Science, Department of Art History and University of Florida. Session 13: “State Coherence Archaeology, Columbia University; and Interstate Relations” Roann Barris, Instructor, Eastern Session 10: “The Management Chair: Crawford Young, H. Edwin Illinois University; Konstantin of Cultural Diversity in the Young Professor, Department of Akinsha, Contributing Editor, Context of State Crisis” Political Science, University of ARTnews, New York City. Chair: David Laitin, Professor, Wisconsin, Madison. Department of Political Science, Donald Rothchild, Professor, Keynote Address University of Chicago. Department of Political Science, Grigori Sternine, Professor, State Francis Deng, Senior Fellow, The University of California, Davis; Institute for Art Historical Brookings Institution, Washington, Charles King, Assistant Professor, Research, Moscow. D.C.; Gail Lapidus, Senior Fellow, Department of Government, and Institute for International Studies, Ion Ratiu Chair of Romanian Panel III Stanford University. Studies, Georgetown University. Aleksandra Shatskikh, Senior Commentators: Sergei Arutiunov, Commentators: Edmund Keller, Research Scholar, State Institute for Head, Department of Caucasus Professor, Department of Political Art Historical Research, Moscow; Research, Institute of Ethnology Science, University of California, Charlotte Douglas, Professor, and Anthropology, Moscow; Los Angeles; Leila Aliyeva, Visiting Department of Russian and Slavic Masipula Sithole, Professor of Scholar, Program in Soviet and Studies, New York University; Erika Political Science, University of Post-Soviet Studies, University of Wolf, Assistant Professor, Zimbabwe. California, Berkeley, and Vice Department of Art and Art History, President, Center for Strategic Wayne State University; Jennifer Session 11: “State Coherence Studies, Baku. Cahn, Ph.D. candidate, University and Economic Transition” of Southern California. Chair: Lilia Shevtsova, Senior 9–10 APRIL 1999 Associate, Carnegie Endowment Conference Closing Remarks for International Peace, Moscow, “RUSSIAN MODERNISM: Blair Ruble, Director, Kennan and former Fellow, Woodrow METHODS AND MEANING Institute; Jane Sharp, Assistant Wilson Center. IN THE POST-SOVIET ERA” Professor, Department of Art and Peter Lewis, Professor, School of Archaeology, University of Cosponsored by the Department International Service, American Maryland, College Park, and of Art History and Archaeology of University; Kathryn Hendley, Member, Kennan Institute the University of Maryland and the Assistant Professor, School of Law, Advisory Council. Graham Foundation for Advanced and Associate Professor, Studies in the Fine Arts. Department of Political Science, 4–6 MAY 1999 University of Wisconsin, Madison. Workshop Keynote Address Commentators: Gaspar Munishi, Catherine Cooke, Professor, Open “RURAL RUSSIA WORK- Professor of Public Policy, University, Cambridge. SHOP II” University of Dar-es-Salaam; Cosponsored by the Kennan 189

30 YEAR REPORT | CONFERENCES Institute and the Missouri- Rostov State University, Woodrow Russian Academy of Sciences, and Columbia College of Agriculture, Wilson Center/Kennan Institute former USIA Regional Exchange Food, and Natural Resources. Alumni Association, U.S. Scholar, Kennan Institute. Information Agency, and the Jessica Allina-Pisano, Yale Russian Humanities Science “Regions and the Federal University; Maria Amelina, The Foundation. The Conference is Center: Towards a New Type World Bank; Cynthia Buckley, dedicated to the 250th anniver- of Interrelations” Assistant Professor, University of sary of the city of Rostov-on-Don. Vladimir Kostiuchenko, Head, Texas, Austin; Larry Dershem, Territorial Federal Treasury University of Missouri, Columbia; Welcoming Remarks Administration, Rostov Region; Dennis Donahue, University of Aleksandr Popov, Chairman, Xenofont Sanukov, Professor and Texas, Austin; Ethel Dunn, Legislative Assembly, Rostov Head, Department of Regional Highgate Road Social Science Region; John Brown, Cultural History, Mari State University, and Research Station, Berkeley; Attaché, United States Embassy, former USIA Regional Exchange Grigory Ioffe, Associate Professor, Moscow; Blair Ruble, Director, Scholar, Kennan Institute. Department of Geography, Kennan Institute. Radford University; Zemfira “Sociopolitical and Economic Kalugina, Department of Social Opening Presentation Problems of Russian Regions” Problems, Institute of Economics Aleksandr Popov, Chairman, Grigory Alumurzaev, Chairman, and Industrial Engineering, Legislative Assembly, Rostov Economic Council of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Zvi Region. Association of Southern Russian Lerman, The World Bank; David Cities, Roston-on-Don; Elena Macey, Middlebury College; “Regions and the Federal Tiuriukanova, Senior Researcher, Christopher Marsh, Connecticut Center: Towards New Types Institute for Socio-Economic College; James Millar, Director, of Interrelation” Population Studies, Russian Institute for European, Russian, Moderator: Steven Solnick, Academy of Sciences, Moscow, and Eurasian Studies, George Assistant Professor, Department of and former USIA Regional Washington University; Liesl L. Political Science, Columbia Exchange Scholar, Kennan Gambold Miller, University of University. Institute. California, Los Angeles; David Denis Dragunskii, Adviser, “Voice O’Brien, Russian Village Project, of Russia” political party, Moscow; “Regions and the Federal University of Missouri, Columbia; Emil Payin, Director, Center of Center: Towards a New Type Valery Patsiorkovsky, Insitute for Ethnopolitical and Regional of Interrelations” Socio-Economic Studies of the Studies, Moscow, and former Moderator: William Smirnov, Population, Russian Academy of Guest Scholar, Woodrow Wilson Head, Center of Political Science Sciences; Margaret Paxson, Center. Studies, Institute for State and Department of Anthropology, Law, Russian Academy of l’Universite de Montreal; Nancy “Sociopolitical and Economic Sciences, Moscow; Vice President, Popson, Senior Program Problems of Russian Regions” Russian Association of Political Associate, Kennan Institute; Blair Moderator: Andrei Neshchadin, Science; Member, Russian A. Ruble, Director, Kennan Executive Director, Expert Presidential Commission on Institute; Igor Volgine, Novosibirsk Institute, Moscow. Human Rights; Chair, Advisory State Univesity; James Warhola, Natal’ia Vlasova, Assistant Board, Kennan Institute Alumni University of Maine; Stephen Professor, Department of Regional Association; and former Short- Wegren, Southern Methodist and Municipal Economics, Ural Term Scholar, Kennan Institute. University; Betty Wells, Ohio State State Economic University, Nikolai Bondar, Head, University. Ekaterinburg; Aleksei Alekseev, Department of Municipal Law, Senior Researcher, Institute of Rostov State University, Member 2–4 JULY 1999 Economics and Organization of of the Legislative Assembly of the Conference Industrial Production, Siberian Rostov Oblast’; Tat’iana “REGIONS OF RUSSIA: Branch of the Russian Academy of Samsonova, Assistant Professor, INTERRELATIONS AND Sciences, Novosibirsk, and former Department of Sociology, USIA Regional Exchange Scholar, Moscow State University, and for- DEVELOPMENT (AN INTER- Kennan Institute; Larisa Loginova, mer USIA Regional Exchange DISCIPLINARY APPROACH)” Senior Researcher, Institute of the Scholar, Kennan Institute. 190 Rostov-on-Don. Cosponsored by Economy, Siberian Branch of the

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER “Sociopolitical and Economic of the Kennan Institute Alumni Problems of Russian Regions” Association; and former USIA Moderator: Aleksei Barabashev, Regional Exchange Scholar, Deputy Director, Institute of Public Kennan Institute. Administration and Social Studies, Vasily Gatashov, Deputy Director, Moscow State University; Institute of Retraining and Skills Chairman of Scholarly Exchanges, Improvement of Social Sciences Alumni Association “Professionals and Humanities Teachers, Rostov for Cooperation”; and former State University, Rostov-on-Don; Research Scholar, Kennan Institute. Sergei Arutiunov, Head, Ivan Kurilla, Assistant Professor, Department of Caucasus Department of Regional Studies Research, Institute of Ethnology and International Relations, and Anthropology, Russian Volgograd State University, and Academy of Sciences, Moscow, former USIA Regional Exchange and former Short-Term Scholar, Scholar, Kennan Institute. Kennan Institute.

“Regions and the Federal “Elections and Political Parties Center: Towards a New Type at the Regional Level” Tomsk. Wooden house, Shishkov Street 10. (Photo: of Interrelations” Moderator: Denis Dragunskii, William Brumfield) Andrei Suslov, Senior Research Adviser, Sociopolitical Bloc, Associate, Perm State “Voice of Russia,” Moscow, and Advisory Board, Kennan Institute Pedagogical University, and for- Alumnus, Salzburg Seminar. Alumni Association; and former mer USIA Regional Exchange William Smirnov, Head, Center of USIA Regional Exchange Scholar, Scholar, Kennan Institute; Political Science Studies, Institute Kennan Institute; Ludmila Aleksandr Khodnev, Head, for State and Law, Russian Sukhorukova, Assistant Professor, Department of History, Yaroslavl’ Academy of Sciences, Moscow; Rostov State Pedagogical State Pedagogical University; Vice President, Russian University. Member, Advisory Board, Kennan Association of Political Science; Institute Alumni Association; and Member, Russian Presidential “Elections and Political Parties former Short-Term Scholar, Commission on Human Rights; at the Regional Level” Kennan Institute. Chair, Advisory Board, Kennan Sergei Baburkin, Professor, Institute Alumni Association; and Department of Universal History, “Sociopolitical and Economic former Short-Term Scholar, Yaroslavl’ State Pedagogical Problems of Russian Regions” Kennan Institute; Andrei University, and former USIA Evgenii Vodichev, Lead Research Neshchadin, Executive Director, Regional Exchange Scholar, Associate, Siberian Branch of the Expert Institute, Moscow; Viktor Kennan Institute; Anatoly Kulik, Institute of History, Russian Vereshchagin, Deputy Director, Senior Research Associate, Academy of Sciences, Expert Institute, Moscow; Institute of Scientific Information Novosibirsk; Consultant, Member, Advisory Board, Kennan on Social Sciences, Moscow, and European Union TACIS Institute Alumni Association; and Alumnus, International Research Monitoring and Evaluation former USIA Regional Exchange and Exchanges Board. Program, and former Short-Term Scholar, Kennan Institute. Scholar, Kennan Institute; Vladimir “Regional Problems of Iakimets, Senior Research Fellow, “Regional Problems of Education.” Institute for System Analysis, Education.” Ildus Nurgaliev, American Russian Academy of Sciences, and Moderator: Aleksandr Khodnev, International Education Services former Public Policy Scholar, Head, Department of History, “Harmony,” and Alumnus, IREX; Woodrow Wilson Center. Yaroslavl’ State Pedagogical Viktoria Tuzlukova, Assistant University; Member, Advisory Professor, Department of Foreign Discussion: “The North Board, Kennan Institute Alumni Languages, Rostov State Caucasian Region: Association; and former Short- Pedagogical University; Irina Ethnopolitical Processes” Term Scholar, Kennan Institute. Rozina, Assistant Professor, Moderator: Viktor Vereshchagin, Olga Safronenko, Head, Department of Foreign Deputy Director, Expert Institute, Department of English Language, Languages, Rostov State Moscow; Member, Advisory Board Rostov State University; Member, Pedagogical University. 191

30 YEAR REPORT | CONFERENCES 5–6 JULY 1999 Member, Advisory Board of the Jodi Koehn, Program Specialist, Conference Kennan Institute Alumni Kennan Institute; Andrei “SIMILARITIES AND DISSIM- Association; and former USIA Makarychev, Director, Center for ILARITIES OF THE TRANSI- Regional Exchange Scholar, Socio-Political and International Kennan Institute; Pavlo Kutuev, Studies, Nizhny Novgorod, and TIONAL PERIOD IN Assistant Professor, Kyiv-Mohyla USIA Regional Exchange Scholar, UKRAINE AND RUSSIA: Academy; Aleksandr Tsipko, Kennan Institute; Nicolai Petro, POLITICAL, ECONOMIC, Secretary-in-Chief, Program Assistant Professor, Department of AND SOCIAL PROSPECTS” Commission “Otchestvo”, Political Science, University of Kyiv. Sponsored by the United Moscow, and former Fellow, Rhode Island; Nancy Popson, State Information Agency. Woodrow Wilson Center; Stepan Senior Program Associate, Kennan Pavljuk, Institute of Ethnology, Institute; Lawrence Robertson, Welcoming Remarks National Academy of Sciences of Assistant Professor, Graduate Mary Kruger, Counselor for Press Ukraine, Lyiv. School of International Studies, and Cultural Affairs, U.S. Embassy, University of Miami; Blair Ruble, Kyiv; Nancy Popson, Senior Session III Director, Kennan Institute; Regina Program Associate, Kennan Chair: Olexiy Haran, Center for Smyth, Assistant Professor, Institute. National Security Studies, Kyiv. Department of Political Science, William Smirnov, Head, Center of Pennsylvania State University; Session I Political Science Studies, Institute Steven Solnick, Assistant Chair: Nataliya Belitser, Pylyp for State and Law, Russian Professor, Department of Political Orlyk Institute for Democracy, Academy of Sciences, Moscow; Science, Columbia University; Kyiv. Vice President, Russian Natal’ia Vlasova, Associate Igor Burakovskyi, Kyiv-Mohyla Association of Political Science; Professor, Department of Regional Academy; Viktor Supian, Vice Member, Russian Presidential and Municipal Economics, Ural Director, Institute for U.S. and Commission on Human Rights; State Economic University, Canada, Moscow; Olexiy Haran, Chair, Advisory Board, Kennan Ekaterinburg. Center for National Security Institute Alumni Association; and Studies, Kyiv; Emil Payin, Director, former Short-Term Scholar, 23–26 SEPTEMBER 1999 Center for Ethnopolitic and Kennan Institute; Olena Conference Regional Studies, Foreign Policy Lazorenko, National Institute for “STALIN AND THE COLD Association, Moscow, and former Strategic Studies, Kyiv, and former WAR” Guest Scholar, Woodrow Wilson USIA Regional Exchange Scholar, Cosponsored and organized by Center. Kennan Institute. the Kennan Institute, the Cold War International History Project Session II 27–28 AUGUST 1999 of the Woodrow Wilson Center, Chair: William Smirnov, Head, Workshop and Russian and East European Center of Political Science “REGIONAL RUSSIA IV” Studies, Yale University. In collab- Studies, Institute for State and James Alexander, Assistant oration with The Institute of Law, Russian Academy of Professor, Department of Political General History, Russian Academy Sciences, Moscow; Vice Science, Northeast Oklahoma of Sciences; and the Stalin Era President, Russian Association of State University; Marjorie and Archives Research Project, Political Science; Member, Mandelstam Balzer, Research University of Toronto. With finan- Russian Presidential Commission Professor, Center for Eurasian, cial support from: The John D. on Human Rights; Chair, Russian, and East European and Catherine T. MacArthur Advisory Board, Kennan Institute Studies, Georgetown University; Foundation and the Smith Alumni Association; and former Michael J. Bradshaw, Human Richardson Foundation. Short-Term Scholar, Kennan Geographer, School of Institute. Geography, University of Opening Remarks Yuri Baturin, Yuri Gagarin Birmingham, Edbaston, England; Cosmonauts Training Center, Cynthia Buckley, Assistant Keynote Speech Moscow, and former Research Professor, Department of Scholar, Kennan Institute; Kyrylo Sociology, University of Texas, Panel I: “Stalin and the Turn to Lukerenko, German Press Agency, Austin; Grigory Ioffe, Associate ‘Cold War’ (Late 1944 to Early Kyiv; Viktor Vereshchagin, Deputy Professor, Department of 1947)” 192 Director, Expert Institute, Moscow; Geography, Radford University;

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER Panel II: “Stalin and the Persak, Polish Academy of Abbott Gleason Intensification of the Cold War Sciences; Silvio Pons, Researcher, Peter Reddaway (Early 1947–Late 1949)” Contemporary History, Universita di S. Frederick Starr Bari, and Deputy Director, Panel III: “Late Stalin and the Fondazione Gramsci; Janos Rainer, Soviet/Russian Foreign Specter of World War III Institute for the History of the 1956 Ministers: (Spring 1950 to March 1953)” Hungarian Revolution; David Aleksandr Bessmertnykh Reynolds, Department of History, Andrei Kosyrev Panel IV/Roundtable: “The Cambridge University; Fernande Many Faces of Josef Stalin” Scheid, Department of History, Yale Russian Ambassadors: Participants: Ivo Banac, Bradford University; Elke Scherstjanoi, Yuri Ushakov Durfee Professor of History, Yale Institute for Contemporary History, Anatolii Dobrynin University; Aleksandr O. Chubarian, Potsdam; William Taubman, Yuri Dubinin Russian Academy of Sciences; Professor of Political Science, Vladimir Lukin Natalia I. Egorova, Russian Amherst College; Robert C. Tucker, Yuli Vorontsov Academy of Sciences. John Professor Emeritus of Politics, Gaddis, Robert A. Lovett Professor Princeton University; Ruud van Dijk, Institute of USA and Canada of Military and Naval History, Yale Department of History, Dickinson Studies Directors: University; Il’ia Gaiduk, Researcher, College; Vladimir K. Volkov, Sergei Rogov Institute of World History, Russian Institute of Slavic and Balkan Georgy Arbatov Academy of Sciences, Moscow; Studies, Russian Academy of Leonid Gibianski, Russian Academy Sciences; Kathryn Weathersby, for- Co-Chairs: of Sciences; Jonathan Haslam, mer Title VIII-Supported Research Archer Daniels Midland Company, Fellow and Assistant Director of Scholar, Kennan Institute; David Mercator Corporation, The SUN Studies, Centre of International Wolff, International Affairs Fellow, Group. Studies, Cambridge University; Council on Foreign Relations; David Holloway, Professor of Vladislav Zubok, Senior Scholar, Vice-Chairs: Political Science, Stanford National Security Archive, ACCESS Industries, Inc.; Akin, University; Chen Jian, Associate Washington, D.C. Gump, Strauss, Hauer & Feld; Professor, Department of History, Baker and Botts L.L.P.; The Boeing Southern Illinois University; Mark OCTOBER 4, 1999 Company; The Coca-Cola Kramer, Director, Harvard Project KENNAN INSTITUTE 25TH Company; Conoco, Inc.; First on Cold War Studies, and Senior ANNIVERSARY DINNER Medical Group, Inc.; Ford Motor Associate, Davis Center for Russian Chairman: Robert S. Strauss; Company; General Motors Studies, Harvard University; Jochen Honorary Chairman: Christopher Foundation; Ms. Katherine Laufer, Center for Contemporary Kennan. Graham; Mr. Donald M. Kendall; Research; Melvyn Leffler, The Kennan Family; S.A. Louis- Department of History, University of Honorary Host Committee: Dreyfus Corporation; Lukoil, USA; Virginia; Geir Lundestad, Professor Secretaries of State: MIC Industries, Inc.; The U.S.- of History, University of Oslo, and James A. Baker, III Russia Investment Fund. Norwegian Nobel Institute; Eduard Warren Christopher Mark, U.S. Air Force History Office; Lawrence S. Eagleburger Host Committee: Carol Avins; Vojtech Mastny, Cold War Alexander M. Haig, Jr. Chevron; The Eurasia Foundation; International History Project, Henry A. Kissinger ICN Pharmaceuticals, Inc.; Hon. Woodrow Wilson Center, and William Pierce Rodgers Eugene K. Lawson; David National Security Archives; G. George P. Shultz Rockefeller; Sarah Carey; Esther Murashko, Russian Academy of Coopersmith; Exxon Corporation; Sciences; Norman Naimark, Fellow, U.S. Ambassadors: IREX; Lockheed Martin Hoover Institution; Robert and Arthur Hartman Corporation; Trust for Mutual Florence McDonnell Professor of Jack Matlock Understanding; Schuyler Chapin; East European Studies; and Malcolm Toon Hon. Paula J. Dobriansky; Richard Chairman, Department of History, D. Jacobs; Occidental Petroleum; Stanford University; Vladimir Kennan Institute Directors: The U.S.-Russia Business Council. Naumov; Vladimir Pechatnov, Blair A. Ruble MGIMO, and former Fellow, Herbert Ellison Featuring a twenty-five year retro- Woodrow Wilson Center; Krzysztof John Glad spective on non-traditional 193

30 YEAR REPORT | CONFERENCES Russian Art, by the Kolodzei Art Political Science Studies, Academy of Sciences, Kyiv; Foundation. Institute for State and Law, Oleksandr Motsya, Head of Russian Academy of Sciences, Department, Institute of Welcome Moscow; Vice President, Russian Archeology, Ukrainian National Robert S. Strauss, Chairman, Association of Political Science; Academy of Sciences, Kyiv; U.S.-Russian Business Council, Member, Russian Presidential Evgeny Holovakha, Head of and former U.S. Ambassador to Commission on Human Rights; Department, Institute of the Russian Federation; Lee H. Chair, Advisory Board, Kennan Sociology, Kyiv. Hamilton, Director, Woodrow Institute Alumni Association; and Wilson Center; George F. former Short-Term Scholar, DECEMBER 2, 1999 Kennan, Professor Emeritus, Kennan Institute; Igor Klyamkin, Conference Institute for Advanced Study, Head, Analytical Center, Public “U.S.-RUSSIAN RELATIONS Princeton; former Fellow, Opinion Foundation, Moscow, ON THE EVE OF THE MIL- Woodrow Wilson Center; and for- and former Guest Scholar, LENNIUM” mer U.S. Ambassador to the Woodrow Wilson Center; Cosponsored by the World Affairs Soviet Union. Aleksandr Tsipko, Leading Council, Lockheed Martin, and Researcher, Institute of Enron. Evening presentations International Economic and Steven Alan Bennett, Esq., Vice- Political Studies, Moscow, and Welcoming Remarks Chairman, Woodrow Wilson former Fellow, Woodrow Wilson Lee Hamilton, Director, Woodrow Center Board of Trustees; Blair A. Center; Oleksiy Haran, Professor, Wilson Center. Ruble, Director, Kennan Institute; Kyiv-Mohyla Academy; Sergei Joseph A. Cari, Jr., Esq., Makeev, Head of Department, Keynote Address Chairman, Woodrow Wilson Institute of Sociology, Ukrainian Leon S. Fuerth, National Security Center Board of Trustees. National Academy of Sciences, Advisor, Office of the Vice Kyiv; Aleksandr Kpylenko, President of the United States. Keynote address Advisor on Legal Issues to the James A. Baker, III, former U.S. Chairman of the Verkhovna Panel Discussion Secretary of State. Rada, Kyiv. Moderator: Peter W. Rodman, Director, National Security OCTOBER 22–24, 1999 Ethnopolitical Subproject Programs, Nixon Center. Working Group Leokadia Drobizheva, Head, Celeste Wallander, Associate Sector of Socio-Psychological “RUSSIAN-UKRAINIAN DIS- Professor, Department of Problems of Interethnic CUSSION GROUP” Government, Harvard University; Relations, Institute of Golitsyno, Russia Robert Kaiser, Associate Editor Ethnography and Anthropology, and Senior Correspondent, The Russian Academy of Sciences, Economic Subproject Washington Post; Ambassador Moscow; Emil Payin, Director, Sergei Aleksashenko, President, Frank Wisner, Vice Chairman, Center for Ethnopolitical and Independent Foundation External Affairs, American Regional Studies, Moscow, and “Development,” Moscow; Viktor International Group (AIG); former Guest Scholar, Woodrow Vereshchagin, Deputy Director, Suzanne Massie, author, Blue Hill, Wilson Center; Sergei Expert Institute, Moscow, and for- Maine; Michael H. Haltzel, Sokolovski, Senior Researcher, mer ECA Regional Exchange Professional Staff Member, Senate Department of Ethnoecology, Scholar, Kennan Institute; Viktoria Committee on Foreign Relations. Glikova, Leading Researcher, Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology, Russian Academy Institute of Management Training, Concluding Address of Sciences, Moscow, and former Moscow; Igor Burakovskyi, Anatolii Adamishin, former ECA Regional Exchange Scholar, Professor, Kyiv-Mohyla Academy; Minister, Russian Federation Kennan Institute; Nataliya Olha Nosova, Assistant Professor, Ministry for CIS Countries Belitser, Director, Center for Kharkiv State Polytechnic Cooperation; former Ambassador Pluralism, Pylyp Orlyk Institute of University, and former ECA of the Russian Federation to the Democracy, Kyiv; Aleksandr Regional Exchange Scholar, United Kingdom and Italy; and Maiboroda, Head, Department Kennan Institute. Public Policy Scholar, Woodrow of Ethnopolitology, Institute of Wilson Center. Political Subproject Politology and National 194 William Smirnov, Head, Center of Interrelations, Ukrainian National

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER MARCH 31–APRIL 1, 2000 Lilia Sagitova, Senior Researcher, International Institute of Sociology; Conference Institute of History, Kazan; Raisa Vladas Gaidis, Director, Market and “ETHNICITY AND SOCIAL Kuzmina, Deputy Rector, Yakutsk Opinion Research Center, Vilmorus MOBILITY IN THE University; Elvina Vinogradova, Ltd., Vilnius; Petar-Emil Mitev, Head, Sector of Social Research of President, Bulgarian Sociological REPUBLICS OF THE RUSS- Regional Administration, and Association, Sofia. IAN FEDERATION” Professor, Department of Social Cosponsored by the Center for Work and Sociology, Orenburg Day Two: Eurasian, Russian, and East State Agrarian University, Chair: Blair Ruble, Director, European Studies, Georgetown Orenburg. Kennan Institute. University (CERES), and IREX. Yuri Levada, Director, All-Union Session IV Center of Public Opinion Studies Session I Chair: Donna Bahry, Professor, (VTSIOM), Moscow; Vladimir Chair: Harley Balzer, Director, Department of Political Science, Yadov, Director, Institute of Center for Eurasian, Russian, and Vanderbilt University. Sociology, Russian Academy of East European Studies, Venaly Amelin, Chief, Department Sciences, Moscow; Grigorii Georgetown University, and for- of Interethnic Relations, Orenburg Kertman, Analyst, The Fund of mer Title VIII-Supported Research Oblast’ Administration; Ildar Public Opinion, Moscow; Vladimir Scholar, Kennan Institute. Gabdrafikov, Deputy Head, Shlapentokh, Professor, Leokadia Drobizheva, Chair, Ethnological Research Center, Department of Sociology, Department of Sociology and Department of the Peoples of the Michigan State University; Vladimir Interethnic Relations, Institute of Urals, Ufa Scientific Center, Ufa; Paniotto, Director, Kyiv Ethnography and Sociology, Anatoly Bravin, Deputy Minister International Institute of Sociology; Russian Academy of Sciences; on Nationalities, the Republic of Vladas Gaidis, Director, Market and Viktoria Koroteyeva, Senior Sakha (Yakutia). Opinion Research Center, Vilmorus Researcher, Department of Ltd., Vilnius; Aleksandr Gurevich, Sociology and Interethnic APRIL 17–18, 2000 Visiting Scholar, School of Relations, Institute of Conference Journalism, University of California, Ethnography and Sociology, “FEARS AND HOPES IN Berkeley; Petar-Emil Mitev, Russian Academy of Sciences; POST-COMMUNIST SOCIETY President, Bulgarian Sociological Galina Soldatova, Senior Research Association, Sofia. Fellow, Institute of Ethnology and ENTERING THE 21ST CEN- Anthropology, Russian Academy TURY: INTENSITY AND MAY 4, 2000 of Sciences, Moscow. IMPACT ON SOCIAL LIFE” Conference “WOMEN IN CENTRAL Session II Day One: ASIA: A TURN OF THE CEN- Chair: Majorie Mandelstam Balzer, Chair: Blair Ruble, Director, Research Professor, Center for Kennan Institute. TURY PERSPECTIVE” Eurasian, Russian, and East Vladimir Shlapentokh, Professor, Cosponsored by the Middle East European Studies, Georgetown Department of Sociology, Project, Woodrow Wilson Center. University, and former Title VIII- Michigan State University; Vladimir Supported Research Scholar, Yadov, Director, Institute of Welcome Kennan Institute. Sociology, Russian Academy of Haleh Esfandiari, Consulting Lubov Ostapenko, Senior Sciences, Moscow; Yuri Levada, Director, Middle East Project, Research Fellow, Institute of Director, All-Union Center of Public Woodrow Wilson Center; Blair Ethnology and Anthropology, Opinion Studies (VTSIOM), Ruble, Director, Kennan Institute. Russian Academy of Sciences; Moscow; Grigorii Kertman, Klara Hallik, Senior Lecturer, Analyst, The Fund of Public Panel I: “Retrospective: Are Institute of International and Social Opinion, Moscow; Eric Shiraev, Women Better Off? The Studies, Tallin; Rosalinda Musina, Research Associate, Institute for Soviet Past and the Uncertain Head, Department of Ethnology, European, Russian, and Eurasian Present” Institute of History, Kazan. Studies, George Washington Chair: Nancy Popson, Deputy University; Vladislav Zubok, Senior Director, Kennan Institute. Session III Fellow, National Security Archive, Nancy Lubin, President, JNA Chair: Blair Ruble, Director, George Washington University; Associates, Inc., Washington, Kennan Institute. Vladimir Paniotto, Director, Kyiv D.C.; Kathleen Kuehnast, Mellon Foreign Area Fellow, Library of 195

30 YEAR REPORT | CONFERENCES Congress, and former Title VIII- Panel I: “Forging Ties with Taras Voznyak, Director, Supported Research Scholar, Ukraine: Experience of Department of International Kennan Institute; Deniz Kandiyoti, Diplomacy” Relations, L’viv City Council; Reader, Department of Chair: James Clem, Executive Mykhailo Hrodzynskyi, Head of Development Studies, School of Director, Ukrainian Research Department of Geoecology, Kyiv Oriental and African Studies, Institute, Harvard University. Taras Shevchenko University, and University of London. Stephen Burant, Editor, Secretary’s Visiting Fulbright Professor, Morning Intelligence Summary, Dartmouth College. Panel II: “Islam and Women in Bureau of Intelligence and Central Asia: Scenarios of the Research, U.S. Department of Panel IV: “Crossing Borders: Past and Present” State; Vasil Hudak, Senior Vice NGOs, Think Tanks, and Chair: Haleh Esfandiari, President, EastWest Institute Education/Culture” Consulting Director, Middle East Prague Center; William Crowther, Chair: Nadia Diuk, Senior Project, Woodrow Wilson Center. Associate Professor, Department Program Officer for Central and Martha Olcott, Senior Associate, of Political Science, University of Eastern Europe and the New Carnegie Endowment for North Carolina, Greensboro. Independent States, National International Peace, Washington, Endowment for Democracy, D.C.; Muriel Atkin, Professor of Panel II: “Ukraine and Central Washington, D.C. History, George Washington Europe: The Role of Andrii Deshchytsia, Senior University; Simona Wexler, International Organizations” Ukrainian Program Officer, Program Associate, Division of Chair: Roman Szporluk, Director, Poland-America-Ukraine International Studies, Ukrainian Research Institute, Cooperation Initiative, Kyiv; Environmental Change and Harvard University. Sharon Wolchik, Professor, Security Project, Woodrow Wilson Fraser Cameron, Head of Political Department of Political Science Center. Section, Delegation of the and International Affairs, The European Commission, George Washington University; Panel III: “Implications for Washington, D.C.; Serhiy Jerzy Axer, Professor of Classics Tomorrow” Korsunsky, National Coordinator and Head of the Center for Chair: Valerie Estes, Gender of Ukraine for the Central Studies on the Classical Tradition Advisor, Bureau for Europe and European Initiative, Ministry of in Poland and East-Central Eurasia, USAID, Washington, D.C. Foreign Affairs of Ukraine, Kyiv; Europe, Warsaw University. Shirin Akiner, Lecturer, Central and Jennifer Moroney, NATO Fellow Inner Asian Studies, School of and Ph.D. recipient, University of Panel V: “Minorities and Oriental and African Studies, Kent at Canterbury; Sheryl Diaspora Relations” University of London; Paula Grossman, Officer in Charge of Chair: Sabina Crisen, Program Newberg, International Ukraine, Moldova, and Belarus Associate and Editor, East Consultant; Dinora Azimova, Desk, USAID, Washington, D.C. European Studies, Woodrow Head, Department of Wilson Center. International Relations, University Keynote Speech Charles King, Assistant Professor, of World Economy and Kostyantyn Gryshchenko, School of Foreign Service and Diplomacy, Tashkent, and Short- Ambassador of Ukraine to the Department of Government, Term Scholar, Kennan Institute. United States. Georgetown University; Timothy Snyder, Academy Scholar, Center MAY 18–19, 2000 Panel III: “Crossing Borders: for International Affairs, Harvard Conference Regional Initiatives” University; Sherrill Stroschein, “UKRAINE AND CENTRAL Chair: Ian Brzezinski, Staff Ph.D. recipient, Columbia EUROPE: MULTI-LEVEL NET- Member, Senate Foreign Relations University; Alexander Duleba, Director, Research Center, Slovak WORKS AND INTERNA- Committee. Myroslava Lendel, Associate Foreign Policy Association, TIONAL RELATIONS Professor, Department of Political Bratislava. Cosponsored by East European Science, Uzhgorod State Studies of the Woodrow Wilson University; Serhiy Gakman, Head Luncheon Speaker Center, and the Ukrainian of Department for Nationalities, Igor Burakovskyi, Professor, Research Institute, Harvard Migration, Religion, and Department of Economics, Kyiv- University. International Relations, Regional Mohyla Academy. 196 Administration, Chernivtsi Oblast’;

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER Panel VI: Wrap-up Roundtable of Russian History, Russian Professor, Department of Russian Chair: Blair Ruble, Director, Academy of Sciences, and former History, Ryazan State Pedagogical Kennan Institute, Woodrow Guest Scholar, Woodrow Wilson University, and former ECA Wilson Center. Center. Regional Exchange Scholar, Roman Szporluk, Director, Kennan Institute; Aleksandr Ukrainian Research Institute, Session II: “Concepts and Margolis, General Director, Harvard University; Nadia Diuk, Categories of Historical International Charitable Fund for Senior Program Officer for Central Regional Analyses” the Rescue of Petersburg- and Eastern Europe and the New Chairs: Stephen Kotkin, Director, Leningrad. Independent States, National Program in Russian Studies, Nadezhda Sereda, Assistant Endowment for Democracy; Princeton University; Vladimir Professor, Department of Russian Margarita Balmaceda, Assistant Kozlov, Chairman, Department of History, Tver State University; Professor, School of Diplomacy Regional History and Regional Vladimir Shishkin, Department and International Relations, Seton Studies, Historical Archives Chief, Institute of History, Russian Hall University. Institute, Russian State Humanities Academy of Sciences, Siberian University, Moscow. Division, and former Short-Term JUNE 19–20, 2000 Olga Tomazova, Research Fellow, Scholar, Kennan Institute; Conference Museum of Ethnography, St. Valentina Ryzhenko, Assistant “METHODOLOGY OF Petersburg; Vsevolod Bagno, Professor, Department of Modern REGIONAL HISTORICAL Chairman, Department of Russian History and Comparative Russian and Historiography, Omsk State STUDIES: RUSSIAN AND International Literature, Institute University; Andrei INTERNATIONAL of Russian Literature, Russian Nepomnyashchy, Assistant EXPERIENCE” Academy of Sciences; Gleb Professor, Department of Cosponsored by the Open Lebedev, Director, St. Petersburg Ukrainian History, Tavichesky Society Institute-St. Petersburg Branch of the Russian Scientific National University; Marina Branch; Baltic Humanities Research Institute of Culture and Mokhnacheva, Assistant Professor, Foundation, St. Petersburg; Union Natural Heritage. Ukrainian History Department, of Regionalists of Russia, Tavrichesky National University. Moscow; and the Program in Session III: “Regional History Russian Studies, Princeton and Regional Consciousness” Session V: “Regional Research University. Chairs: Arsenii Roginsky, in Russian and International Chairman of the Board, Memorial; Historiography” Session I: “General Aleksandr Kobak, Director, Chairs: Alla Sevastianova, Theoretical Problems of Education Program, Open Society Professor, Department of Russian Regional Historical Research” Institute, St. Petersburg. History, Ryazan State Pedagogical Chairs: Sigurd Shmidt, Chairman, Valentina Korzun, Department University, and former ECA Archeological Commission, Head, Contemporary Russian Regional Exchange Scholar, Russian Academy of Sciences, History, Omsk State University; Kennan Institute; Aleksandr Moscow; Aleksandr Kobak, Evgeny Ermolin, Assistant Margolis, General Director, Director, Education Program, Open Professor, Department of Cultural International Charitable Fund for Society Institute, St. Petersburg. Studies, Yaroslavl State the Rescue of Petersburg- Sigurd Shmidt, Chairman, Pedagogical University; Lev Lurye, Leningrad. Archeological Commission, Director of Studies, St. Petersburg Viacheslav Kozliakov, Senior Russian Academy of Sciences, Classical Gymnasium; Vladimir Research Fellow, State Archives, Moscow; Stephen Kotkin, Director, Abashev, Assistant Professor of Yaroslavl’ Oblast’; Larisa Program in Russian Studies, Russian Literature, Perm State Sizintseva, Senior Research Princeton University; Alla University; Aleksei Mosin, Fellow, Kostromo Museum and Sevastianova, Professor, Research Fellow, Central Scientific Nature Preserve; Aleksandr Department of Russian History, Library, Urals Branch of the Pashkov, Assistant Professor, Ryazan State Pedagogical Russian Academy of Sciences. Department of Pre-Revolutionary University, and former ECA Russia, Petrozavodsk State Regional Exchange Scholar, Session IV: “Regional Studies University; Izabella Ulanovskaya, Kennan Institute; Boris Anan’ich, in Russian and International member, Writers Union, St. Head Research Fellow, St. Historiography” Petersburg. Petersburg Branch of the Institute Chairs: Alla Sevastianova, 197

30 YEAR REPORT | CONFERENCES Session VI: “The Role of Opening statements former ECA Regional Exchange Russian Universities in the Oleg Gumeniuk, Vice-Governor, Scholar, Kennan Institute; Tatiana Development of Regional Irkutsk Oblast’; Sergei Shishkin, Garmaeva, Scientific Secretary, Historical Research” Deputy Chairman, Legislative Baikal Institute of Environmental Chairs: Vladimir Shishkin, Assembly, Irkutsk Oblast’; Blair A. Management, Siberian Branch of Department Chief, Institute of Ruble, Director, Kennan Institute; the Russian Academy of Sciences, History, Russian Academy of Aleksandr Smirnov, Rector, Irkutsk Ulan-Ude, and former ECA Sciences, Siberian Division, and State University. Regional Exchange Scholar, former Short-Term Scholar, Kennan Institute; Viktor Diatlov, Kennan Institute; Vladimir Kozlov, Plenary Session Lecturer, Department of World Chairman, Department of Chair: Blair A. Ruble, Director, History and International Regional History and Regional Kennan Institute. Relations, Irkutsk State University; Studies, Historical Archives Participants: William Smirnov, Sergei Sokolovski, Senior Institute, Russian State Humanities Head, Center for Political Science Research Fellow, Department of University, Moscow. Studies, Institute for State and Ethnic Ecology, Institute of Ethnic Vladimir Kozlov, Chairman, Law, Russian Academy of Studies and Anthropology, Department of Regional History Sciences, Moscow; Vice President, Russian Academy of Sciences, and Regional Studies, Historical Russian Political Science Moscow, and former ECA Archives Institute, Russian State Association; Member, Russian Regional Exchange Scholar, Humanities University, Moscow; Presidential Human Rights Kennan Institute. Valentina Korzun, Department Commission; Chairman, Kennan Head, Contemporary Russian Institute Alumni Association Session II: “The Russian History, Omsk State University; Advisory Council; and former Economy: Regional and Valentina Ryzhenko, Assistant Short-Term Scholar, Kennan International Aspects” Professor, Department of Modern Institute; Emil Payin, Director, Chair: Olga Butorina, Head, Russian History and Center for Ethno-Political Studies, Department of Economic Historiography, Omsk State Foreign Policy Association, Integration, Institute of Europe, University. Moscow, and former Guest Russian Academy of Sciences, Scholar, Woodrow Wilson Center; Moscow. Internet Presentations Olga Butorina, Head, Department Participants: Aleksei Alekseev, Igor Larionov, Ph.D. candidate, of Economic Integration, Institute Senior Research Fellow, Institute Department of Philosophy, St. of Europe, Russian Academy of of Economy and Industrial Petersburg State University; Peter Sciences, Moscow; Andrei Suslov, Engineering, Russian Academy of Greenfeld, Director, Computer Senior Research Associate, Perm Sciences, Siberian Branch, Firm “Alt-Soft,” St. Petersburg. State Pedagogical University, and Novosibirsk, and former ECA former ECA Regional Exchange Regional Exchange Scholar, Concluding Discussion and Scholar, Kennan Institute. Kennan Institute; Tatiana Ershova, Remarks Senior Lecturer, Department of Chairs: Aleksandr Kobak, Director, Session I: “The Ethno-Political Economics, Rostov-on-Don State Education Program, Open Society Dimension of Russian University, and former ECA Institute, St. Petersburg; Stephen Federalism” Regional Exchange Scholar, Kotkin, Director, Program in Chair: Emil Payin, Director, Center Kennan Institute; Vladimir Russian Studies, Princeton for Ethno-Political Studies, Matveenko, Senior Research University. Foreign Policy Association, Fellow, St. Petersburg Institute of Moscow, and former Guest Economics and Mathematics, JUNE 24–25, 2000 Scholar, Woodrow Wilson Center. Russian Academy of Sciences, and Conference Participants: Olga Volkogonova, Assistant Professor, Department of “RUSSIA IN THE 21ST CEN- Assistant Professor, Department of Economics, European University, TURY: PROBLEMS AND PER- Philosophy and Methodology of St. Petersburg; Oleg Shenderov, Sciences, Moscow State Senior Lecturer, Baikal Institute of SPECTIVES” University, and former ECA Business and Management, Irkutsk, Russia. Cosponsored by Regional Exchange Scholar, Irkutsk State University; Nadezhda the Baikal Institute of Business Kennan Institute; Larisa Ruban, Bikalova, Advisor, Committee on and International Management, Head, Department of Personnel the Problems of the Northern Irkutsk State University. Policies, Ministry of Nationalities, Regions, Russian State Duma, and 198 Russian Federation, Moscow, and former ECA Regional Exchange

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER Scholar, Kennan Institute; Natal’ia Term Scholar, Kennan Institute; Short-Term Scholar, Kennan Vlasova, Assistant Professor, Lidiia Nikolenko, Assistant Institute. Department of Regional and Professor, Department of Participants: Denis Dragunskii, Municipal Economics, Ural State Pedagogy, Pskov State Director, National Project Institute, Economic University, Pedagogical Institute; Olga Moscow; Anatoly Kulik, Senior Ekaterinburg; Irina Dumova, Safronenko, Chair, English Research Fellow, Institute for Head, Department of Regional, Language Department, Rostov Information on Social Sciences, Economic and Social Problems, State University; Member, Kennan Russian Academy of Sciences, Irkutsk Scientific Center Presidium, Institute Alumni Association Moscow; Olga Malinova, Lecturer, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy Advisory Council; and former ECA Department of Philosophy, of Sciences; Gennady Regional Exchange Scholar, Moscow State Institute of Konstantinov, Consultant, World Kennan Institute; Sergei Diatlov, Electronic Engineering, and for- Bank, Irkutsk; and Andrei Professor of General Economic mer Short-Term Scholar, Kennan Onkhotoev, Head of Special Theory, St. Petersburg State Institute; Olga Gnatiuk, Professor, Programs, Baikal Institute of University of Economics and Department of Political Science, Business and International Finance, and former Short-Term St. Petersburg State Technical Management, Irkutsk State Scholar, Kennan Institute; Grigory University; Anatoly Krasikov, University; Aleksei Kotovich, Kliucharev, Director, Center for Director, Center for Social and Engineer, Department of Regional Information Technology, Russian Religious Research, Institute of Economics and Social Problems, Independent Institute of Social Europe, Russian Academy of Presidium, Siberian Branch, and Nationality Problems; Ivan Sciences, Moscow, and former Russian Academy of Sciences, Kurilla, Assistant Professor, Guest Scholar, Woodrow Wilson Irkutsk; Iurii Voronin, Lecturer, Department of Regional Studies Center; Vladimir Iakimets, Senior Department of Modern Russian and International Relations, Research Fellow, Institute of History, Irkutsk State University; Volgograd State University; System Analysis, Russian Academy Vladimir Kachalin, Senior Research Member, Kennan Institute Alumni of Sciences, Moscow, and former Fellow, Institute of World Association Advisory Council; and Guest Scholar, Woodrow Wilson Economy and International former ECA Regional Exchange Center; Nikolai Shtykov, Senior Relations, Russian Academy of Scholar, Kennan Institute; Tat’iana Lecturer, Department of Sciences, Moscow; Aleksandr Samsonova, Associate Professor Philosophy, Political Science, and Khodnev, Professor, Department of Political Sociology, Moscow Sociology, Irkutsk State University; of History, Yaroslavl State State University, and former ECA Aleksandr Sungurov, President, St. Pedagogical Institute; Member, Regional Exchange Scholar, Petersburg Humanities and Kennan Institute Alumni Advisory Kennan Institute; Margarita Political Science Center, Council; and former Short-Term Shiverskikh, Dean, Department of “Strategy”, and former ECA Scholar, Kennan Institute. Business and Management, Regional Exchange Scholar, Irkutsk State University. Kennan Institute; Viktor Session III: “Education in Vereshchagin, Deputy Director, Russia: Present and Future” Session IV: “Democracy Expert Institute, Moscow, and for- Chair: Ivan Kurilla, Assistant and/or a Strong State” mer ECA Regional Exchange Professor, Department of Regional Chairs: Aleksandr Sungurov, Scholar, Kennan Institute. Studies and International President, St. Petersburg Relations, Volgograd State Humanities and Political Science Roundtable University; Member, Kennan Center, “Strategy”, and former Chair: William Smirnov, Head, Institute Alumni Association ECA Regional Exchange Scholar, Center for Political Science Advisory Council; and former ECA Kennan Institute; and William Studies, Institute for State and Regional Exchange Scholar, Smirnov, Head, Center for Political Law, Russian Academy of Kennan Institute. Science Studies, Institute for State Sciences, Moscow; Vice President, Participants: Svetlana Garmash, and Law, Russian Academy of Russian Political Science Assistant Professor, Department of Sciences, Moscow; Vice President, Association, Member, Russian Literature, Taganrog State Russian Political Science Presidential Human Rights University; Evgenii Vodichev, Association, Member, Russian Commission; Chairman, Kennan Senior Research Fellow, Institute Presidential Human Rights Institute Alumni Association of History, Siberian Branch, Commission; Chairman, Kennan Advisory Council; and former Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute Alumni Association Short-Term Scholar, Kennan Novosibirsk, and former Short- Advisory Council; and former Institute. 199

30 YEAR REPORT | CONFERENCES Participants: Olga Butorina, Director, Kennan Institute; Nancy District Legislative Council, Head, Department of Economic Popson, Deputy Director, Kennan Kharkiv. Integration, Institute of Europe, Institute. Russian Academy of Sciences, Session Opening Remarks Moscow; Irina Dumova, Head, Session I: Politics Robert Post, Cultural Attaché, U.S. Department of Regional, Chairs: Vladimir Dubovik, Embassy, Kyiv. Economic and Social Problems, Director, Center for International Irkutsk Scientific Center Presidium, Research, Odesa State University, Session II: Economics Siberian Branch, Russian Academy and former ECA Regional Chair: Iryna Prybytkova, Professor, of Sciences; Emil Payin, Director, Exchange Scholar, Kennan University of Kyiv-Mohyla Center for Ethno-Political Studies, Institute, and Tetiana Hardashuk, Academy, and Director, NaUKMA Foreign Policy Association, Senior Researcher, Philosophy Center for Ukrainian Population Moscow, and former Guest Institute, Ukrainian National Study. Scholar, Woodrow Wilson Center; Academy of Sciences, Kyiv. Participants: Olena Onypchenko, Aleksandr Sungurov, President, St. Participants: Olena Lazorenko, Chief Analyst, Policy Project, Kyiv; Petersburg Humanities and Chief Consultant, Ukrainian Olha Nosova, Researcher, Political Science Center, National Security and Defense Department of Economic Theory, “Strategy”, and former ECA Council, National Institute for Kharkiv State Polytechnic Regional Exchange Scholar, Strategic Research, Kyiv, and for- University, and former ECA Kennan Institute; Ivan Kurilla, mer ECA Regional Exchange Regional Exchange Scholar, Assistant Professor, Department of Scholar, Kennan Institute; Evgen Kennan Institute; Iryna Lylyk, Regional Studies and International Smotrytskyi, Associate Professor, General Director, Ukrainian Public Relations, Volgograd State Ukrainian Institute of Municipal Organization “Ukrainian University; Member, Kennan Management and Business, Marketing Association,” Kyiv. Institute Alumni Association Dnipropetrovsk Affiliate, and Advisory Council; and former ECA Halyna Bondar, participant, Session III: Education Regional Exchange Scholar, Tempus-Tacis Project, Chair: Viktor Susak, Junior Kennan Institute. Dnipropetrovsk; Serhiy Riabov, Researcher, Institute of Historic Professor, Department of Political Research, Lviv Ivan Franko 15–17 SEPTEMBER 2000 Science, University of Kyiv- National University, and former Conference Mohyla Academy, and Director, ECA Regional Exchange Scholar, “CONTEMPORARY Institute for Civic Education; Kennan Institute. Participants: UKRAINE: POLITICAL, ECO- Viktor Pasysnychenko, Associate Volodymyr Tytov, Professor and Professor, Department of Political Chair, Department of Logic, NOMIC, AND SOCIAL Science and Sociology, Kharkiv Yaroslav Mudryi National Legal ASPECTS OF DEVELOP- Pedagogical University, and for- Academy, Kharkiv; Valentyna MENT” mer ECA Regional Exchange Gnuskina, secondary school Odesa, Ukraine. Cosponsored by Scholar, Kennan Institute; Maryna teacher, Dnipropetrovsk; Serhiy the Institute for International Shapovalenko, Associate Kurbatov, Chair, Foreign Relations, Odesa State University; Professor, Department of Economic Relations Sector, the U.S. Ukraine Foundation, the Philosophy and Political Science, Ukrainian Academy of Banking, Pylyp Orlyk Institute for University of Interior, Kharkiv; Sumy; Igor Solomadin, Chief, Democracy, Kyiv, and Bureau of Ihor Koval, Director, Institute for Laboratory for Dialectical Educational and Cultural Affairs of Social Sciences, Odesa State Education in the Humanities, the U.S. Department of State. University, and former ECA Private High School “Ochag,” Regional Exchange Scholar, Kharkiv. Opening Remarks Kennan Institute; Vladimir Aleksandr Prokopenko, Deputy Dubovik, Director, Center for Session IV: Social Aspects Mayor, Odesa; Vasyl Popkov, Vice- International Research, Odesa Chair: Serhiy Riabov, Professor, Rector for International Affairs, State University, and former ECA Department of Political Science, Odesa State University; Vladimir Regional Exchange Scholar, University of Kyiv-Mohyla Dubovik, Director, Center for Kennan Institute; Tetiana Academy, and Director, Institute International Research, Odesa Hardashuk, Senior Researcher, for Civic Education. State University, and former Philosophy Institute, Ukrainian Participants: Iryna Prybytkova, Regional Exchange Scholar, National Academy of Sciences, Professor, University of Kyiv- 200 Kennan Institute; Blair A. Ruble, Kyiv; Serhiy Kasyanov, Member, Mohyla Academy, and Director,

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER NaUKMA Center for Ukraine Population Study; Tetyana Klynchenko, Senior Researcher, Institute for Political and Ethnosocial Research, Ukrainian National Academy of Sciences, Kyiv; Viktor Susak, Junior Researcher, Institute of Historic Research, Lviv Ivan Franko National University, and former ECA Regional Exchange Scholar, Kennan Institute; Olga Kutsenko, Associate Professor, Department of Sociology, Kharkiv National University, and General Director, Regional Center for Socioeconomic and Political Research; Liudmyla Pavliuk, Assistant Professor, Department of Tomsk. Wooden house, Shishkov Street 14. (Photo: William Brumfield) Journalism, Lviv Ivan Franko State University; Pavlo Bosiy, Vice-Rector for International Relations, Featuring a performance by the Brandeis University; Anna Krylova, Pedagogical Academy, Kirovohrad. Kozlov International Dance Youth Assistant Professor, Department of Ensemble. History, University of South OCTOBER 18, 2000 Carolina. ANNUAL DINNER OCTOBER 19, 2000 Respondent: Joseph S. Berliner, Chairman: Max M. Kampelman, Conference Professor Emeritus, Department of Chairman, Institute for the Study “THE HISTORY OF SOVIET Economics, Brandeis University. of Diplomacy, Georgetown STUDIES: A CONVERSATION Session 3: “Soviet Studies in University. BETWEEN GENERATIONS” Retrospect (Roundtable)” Patron: Access Industries. Cosponsored by the Cold War Chair: Christian Ostermann, Benefactor: Archer Daniels International History Project, Director, Cold War International Midland Corporation. Woodrow Wilson Center. Hosts: American International History Project, Woodrow Wilson Center. Group; International Research and Session 1: “Institutional Howard Brick, Professor, Exchanges Board; Jordan Origins of Soviet Studies” Department of History, Industries. Chair: David Engerman, Assistant Washington University; Abbott Professor, Department of History, Gleason, Professor, Department of Welcome Brandeis University. History, Brown University, and for- Yuri Ushakov, Ambassador of the Barry Katz, Professor, School of mer Secretary, Kennan Institute; Russian Federation to the United Design and School of Humanities, Abraham Brumberg, former Editor, States; Len Blavatnik, President, California College of Arts and Problems of Communism; Francis Access Industries, New York. Crafts; Betty Dessants, Assistant X. Sutton, former Chairman of the Professor, Department of History, Board, Social Science Research Presentations Florida State University. Council, New York. Max M. Kampelman, Chairman, Respondent: Marshall Shulman, Institute for the Study of Adlai E. Stevenson Professor of DECEMBER 6–7, 2000 Diplomacy, Georgetown International Relations Emeritus, Conference University; Lee Hamilton, Director, Columbia University. Woodrow Wilson Center, Blair “WORKSHOP ON URBAN Ruble, Director, Kennan Institute. Session 2: “Soviet Studies and GOVERNANCE IN MAJOR the History of American Ideas” WORLD CITIES” Concluding Remarks Chair: Blair Ruble, Director, Cosponsored by the Comparative Yuri Ushakov, Ambassador of the Kennan Institute. Urban Studies Project and the Russian Federation to the United David Engerman, Assistant Latin American Program, States. Professor, Department of History, Woodrow Wilson Center. 201

30 YEAR REPORT | CONFERENCES Welcome and Introduction Opening Remarks Session III: “Responses to the Joseph S. Tulchin, Director, Latin Allen Weinstein, President, Restructuring: International American Program, Woodrow Center for Democracy, Community: General Wilson Center; Blair Ruble, Washington, D.C.; Blair A. Ruble, Participant Discussion” Director, Kennan Institute; Richard Director, Kennan Institute; Co-Chairs: Gary Waxmonsky, U.S. Stren, Professor, Department of Aleksei Yablokov, President, Executive Secretary, U.S.-Russian Political Science, University of Center for Russian Environmental Environmental Committee, Office Toronto, and Fellow, Woodrow Policy, Moscow. of International Activities, Wilson Center. Environmental Protection Agency, Session I: “Recent and Aleksei Yablokov, President, Workshop I: “Structures of Restructuring of the Russian Center for Russian Environmental Governance” Federation’s Environmental Policy, Moscow. K.C. Sivaramakrishnan, Professor, Agencies: What Really Centre for Policy Research, New Happened” Session IV: “Green Movement Delhi; Koffi Attahi, Director, Co-Chairs: Blair A. Ruble, and Environmental Problems National Office of Technical and Director, Kennan Institute; Gary in Russia: Current Situation” Development Studies, Cote Waxmonsky, U.S. Executive Co-Chairs: Allen Weinstein, D’Ivoire; Serhiy Maksymenko, Secretary, U.S.-Russian President, Center for Democracy, Institute for East West Studies, Environmental Committee, Office Washington, D.C. and Aleksei Kyiv; Ronald Vogel, Professor, of International Activities, Yablokov, President, Center for Department of Political Science, Environmental Protection Russian Environmental Policy, University of Louisville. Agency; and Aleksandr Moscow. Kosarikov, Deputy, State Duma of Aleksei Yablokov, President, Workshop II: “Democratic the Russian Federation. Center for Russian Environmental Transition Issues in Demosthenes J. Peterson, Policy, Moscow; Vladimir Governance” Associate Policy Analyst, The Zakharov, Director, Center for Steven Friedman, Director, Centre RAND Corporation, Santa Russian Environmental Policy, for Policy Studies, South Africa; Monica, CA; Aleksei Yablokov, Moscow; Evgeny Schwartz, Vyacheslav Glazychev, Professor, President, Center for Russian Director for Conservation, World Moscow Architecture Institute; Environmental Policy, Moscow; Wildlife Fund, Moscow; Natalia Aleksandr Vysokovskii, Head of Evgeny Schwartz, Director for Mironova, Director, Movement for Department, Research Institute of Conservation, World Wildlife Nuclear Safety, Cheliabinsk; Architectural Theory and Urban Fund, Moscow. Sergei Bobylev, Chair, Economics Planning, Moscow. of Natural Resources Exploitation, Session II: “Responses to the Department of Economics, Workshop III: “Participation Restructuring: Russian Moscow State University; Simon and Social Inclusion” Environmental Organizations” Avaliani, Head, Department of Maria Elena Ducci, Professor, Co-Chairs: Allen Weinstein, Communal Hygiene, Ministry of Pontifica Universidad Catolica, President, Center for Democracy, Public Health, Russian Federation, Chile; Aprodicio Laquian, Washington, D.C. and Aleksei Moscow; Murray Feshbach, Professor Emeritus, University of Yablokov, President, Center for Senior Scholar, Woodrow Wilson British Columbia; Evelyn Levy, Russian Environmental Policy, Center. Professor, Catholic University of Moscow. Sao Paolo. Vladimir Zakharov, Director, Session V: “Prospects and Center for Russian Environmental Challenges for International MARCH 1–2, 2001 Policy, Moscow; Evgeny Cooperation: General Conference Schwartz, Director for Discussion” “THE ENVIRONMENTAL SIT- Conservation, World Wildlife Co-Chairs: Gary Waxmonsky, U.S. UATION IN RUSSIA: PROB- Fund, Moscow; Aleksandr Nikitin, Executive Secretary, U.S.-Russian Director, Coalition for Environmental Committee, Office LEMS AND PROSPECTS” Environment and Human Rights, of International Activities, Cosponsored by the Center for St. Petersburg, and Captain, Environmental Protection Agency; Democracy, Washington, D.C.; the Russian Navy, Retired; Natalia and Vladimir Zakharov, Director, Center for Russian Environmental Mironova, Director, Movement Center for Russian Environmental Policy, Moscow; and the U.S. for Nuclear Safety, Cheliabinsk. Policy, Moscow. 202 Environmental Protection Agency.

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER MARCH 29–APRIL 2, 2001 date, High Performance Learning Contemporary Issues Fellow, and BLACK SEA REGIONAL Communities Project, University of graduate student, Diplomatic POLICY SYMPOSIUM California, Berkeley; Samuel Academy of Ukraine, Kyiv. Whitt, Ph.D. candidate, Cosponsored by the Title VIII Department of Political Science, Session V: “Environmental Program of the U.S. Department Vanderbilt University. Discussant: Security in the Black Sea of State, The Starr Foundation, Dennis O’ Brien, Director, Institute Region” the International Research and for Energy Economics and Policy, Discussion Leader: Boian Koulov, Exchanges Board, Washington, and Chair Professor for Energy Adjunct Professor of Political D.C. (IREX), and East European Economics and Business, Geography, Elliott School, George Studies, Woodrow Wilson Center. University of Oklahoma. Washington University. Welcoming remarks Sibel Sezer, Guest Lecturer of Slide Show Presentation International Relations, Bilgi Mark Pomar, President, IREX, and Fredrik Hiebert, Director, Black University, Istanbul; Mary former Guest Scholar, Woodrow Sea Trade Project, University of Matthews, Ph.D. candidate, Wilson Center; Michael Van Pennsylvania. Department of Political Science, Dusen, Deputy Director, Woodrow University of Georgia; Jessica Wilson Center; W. Kendall Myers, Session III: “Interethnic Trelogan, Ph.D. candidate, Acting Director, INR/RES, U.S. Relations and Religious Issues Institute of Classical Archeaology Department of State. of the Black Sea Region” and Center for Space Research, Opening Presentation Discussion Leader: Charles King, University of Texas; Vanessa Von Assistant Professor of Foreign Struensee, Visiting Professor, Bruce Kunihom, Vice Provost for Service and Government, Donetsk State University. Academic and International Georgetown University, and for- Affairs, Duke University. mer Short-Term Scholar, Kennan APRIL 18, 2001 Session I: “Integration of the Institute. Conference Black Sea Countries: Mica Hall, Assistant Professor of “POSITIONING CENTRAL Interregional and Intraregional Russian, Medina Joint Language ASIAN WOMEN: ARE THEY Center, Department of Defense; Aspects” DESTINED TO BE SECOND Steven Roper, Assistant Professor Discussion Leader: James Millar, of Political Science, Eastern Illinois CLASS CITIZENS?” Director, Institute for European, University; Howard Eissenstat, Cosponsored by the Middle East Russian, and Eurasian Studies, Ph.D. candidate, Department of Project, Woodrow Wilson Center. George Washington University, History, University of California, Washington, D.C. Los Angeles; Sean Pollock, Ph.D. Welcoming Remarks Melanie Ram, Program Officer, candidate, Department of History, Haleh Esfandiari, Director, Middle Japan International Cooperation Harvard University. East Project, Woodrow Wilson Agency, Washington, D.C.; Bruce Center. Kuniholm, Vice Provost for Session IV: “Security, Military, Academic and International Affairs and Migration Issues of the Panel I: “Politics and Identity at Duke University; Jennifer Black Sea Region” of Central Asian Women” Moroney, Associate, DFI Discussion Leader: Bruce Chair: Nancy Popson, Deputy International, Washington, D.C.; Kuniholm, Professor of History and Director, Kennan Institute. NATO Research Fellow, Public Policy and Vice Provost for David Abramson, Postdoctoral Washington, D.C.; and former Academic and International Fellow, Watson Institute, Brown Short-Term Scholar, Kennan Affairs, Duke University. University; Nayereh Tohidi, Institute. Robert Krikorian, Ph.D. candidate, Assistant Professor, Department of Women’s Studies, California State Session II: “Economic and Department of Near Eastern Languages and Civilizations, University, Northridge; Raushan Trade Development of the Nauryzbaeva, Coordinator, Law Black Sea Region” Harvard University; Susan Davis, Director of International Programs, Reform Program, Soros Discussion Leader: Boyko Nitzov, American Political Science Foundation, Kazakhstan. Associate Director, Institute for Association, Washington, D.C.; Energy Economics and Policy, Ronald Bobroff, Visiting Professor, Panel II: “Informal Economy Sarkeys Energy Center, University Department of History, Duke and Central Asian Women” of Oklahoma. University; Sergei Kuzmenko, IREX Chair: Kathleen Kuehnast, Kristen Ghodsee, Ph.D. candi- 203

30 YEAR REPORT | CONFERENCES Research Associate, George Fellow in Politics, Culture, and Indiana University; Dianne Post, Washington University, and former Identity, Watson Institute, Brown Gender Specialist Liaison, ABA- Title VIII-Supported Research University; Elena Gapova, CEELI, Moscow. Scholar, Kennan Institute. Associate Professor and Director, Cynthia Werner, Assistant Center for Gender Studies, Session VI: “Foreign Professor, Department of European Humanities University, Assistance” Anthropology, Texas A&M Minsk; Katherine Graney, Assistant Armine Ishkanian, Ph.D. recipient, University; Jeni Klugman, Lead Professor of Government, Department of Anthropology, Economist, PREM Network, World Skidmore College. University of California, San Bank; Anita Wright, Program Diego; Rebecca Kay, Lecturer, Assistant, Woodrow Wilson Center. Session II: “Marketization, Russian Culture, Politics, and Employment, and the Informal Society, Institute for Central and Panel III: “Is there a Sector” East European Studies, University Feminization of NGOs and Susan Crate, Ph.D. candidate, of Glasglow. Civil Society Occurring in Curriculum in Ecology, University Central Asia?” of North Carolina, Chapel Hill; MAY 25–27, 2001 Chair: Muriel Atkin, Associate Cynthia Werner, Assistant Alumni Conference Professor, Department of History, Professor, Department of “POLITICAL, ECONOMIC, George Washington University. Anthropology, Texas A&M AND SOCIAL DEVELOP- Andrea Berg, Ph.D. candidate, University. MENT OF UKRAINE: Institute for Development Research and Development Session III: “Political Activism REGIONAL PROSPECTS” Policy, Ruh-University, Bochum, and Civil Society” Cosponsored by the Pylyp Orlyk Germany; Kate Watters, Director Andrea Berg, Ph.D. candidate, Institute for Democracy, Kyiv, the of Programs, Initiative for Social Islamic Sciences, Institute of U.S.-Ukraine Foundation, the Action and Renewal, Washington, Development Research and Kharkiv Center for Education D.C.; Muazama Burkhanova, Policy, Ruh-University, Bochum, Initiatives, and the Bureau of Senior Scientist, Department of Germany; Julie Hemment, Educational and Cultural Affairs, Geography and Ecology, Assistant Professor, Department of U.S. Department of State. Academy of Sciences of the Anthropology, University of Republic of Tajikistan. Massachusetts, Amherst; Liudmilla Opening Statement Popkova, Associate Professor, Valeriy Meshcheryakov, Vice APRIL 19–21, 2001 Department of History, and Rector, V.N. Karazin Kharkiv State Workshop Director, Gender Studies Center, University. “THE ROLE OF WOMEN IN Samara State University, and for- Panel I: “Problems of POST-COMMUNIST TRANSI- mer Regional Exchange Scholar, Kennan Institute; Nayereh Tohidi, Ukraine’s Regionalization” TIONS” Assistant Professor, Department of Chair: Olena Lazorenko, Chief Cosponsored by the Title VIII Women’s Studies, California State Analyst, Council for National Program, U.S. State Department. University, Northridge. Security and Defense, Institute for Strategic Research, Kyiv, and for- Introduction and Welcoming Session IV: “Health and Safety mer Regional Exchange Scholar, Remarks Net” Kennan Institute. Blair A. Ruble, Director, Kennan Michele Rivkin-Fish, Assistant Volodymyr Anderson, Chair, Institute; Nancy Popson, Deputy Professor, Department of Medical Economic and Social Geography, Director, Kennan Institute; Carol Anthropology, University of Odesa State University, and for- Nechemias, Associate Professor of Kentucky; Tetyana Zhurzhenko, mer Regional Exchange Scholar, Public Policy, Penn State University, Postdoctoral Research Fellow, Kennan Institute; Myroslava Harrisburg; Kathleen Kuehnast, Kharkiv National University, and Antonovych, Associate Professor, Research Associate, George Fellow, Institute for Human Law Faculty, University of Kyiv- Washington University, and former Sciences, Vienna. Mohyla Academy; Serhiy Title VIII-Supported Research Kurbatov, Director, International Scholar, Kennan Institute. Session V: “Violence and Relations Office, Ukrainian Trafficking” Academy of Banking, Sumy; Session I: “Identity and Janet Johnson, Ph.D. candidate, Maryna Shapovalenko, Chair, Nation-Building” Department of Political Science, Philosophy and Political Science, 204 David Abramson, Postdoctoral

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER University of Internal Relations, Senior Research Fellow, Institute Academy of Sciences, Moscow; Kharkiv, and IREX Alumna; of Ethnology, National Academy Vice President, Russian Political Volodymyr Fesenko, Chair of of Sciences, Kyiv; Liudmyla Science Association; Vice- Applied Sociology, Kharkiv State Pavliuk, Assistant Professor and Chairman, Russian Presidential University, Associate Professor, Chair of Mass Media Language, Human Rights Commission; Department of Sociology; Olena Department of Journalism, Lviv Chairman, Kennan Institute Lazorenko, Chief Analyst, Council State University; Serhiy Alumni Association Advisory for National Security and Defense, Rymarenko, Senior Research Council; and former Short-Term Institute for Strategic Research, Fellow, Institute for Political and Scholar, Kennan Institute; Vasily Kyiv, and former Regional Ethnonational Research, National Tarakanov, Prorector, Volgograd Exchange Scholar, Kennan Academy of Sciences, Kyiv. State University; Natalia Institute. Mitoussova, Assistant on Cultural Panel IV: “Regional Aspects of Issues, U.S. Embassy, Moscow; Panel II: “Education in Ukraine’s Economic Atiq Sarwari, Program Associate, Ukraine: Regional Context” Development” Kennan Institute. Chair: Serhiy Riabov, Chair, Chair: Igor Burakovskyi, Chief Department of Political Science, Analyst, Institute for East-West Plenary Session University of Kyiv-Mohyla Studies, Kyiv. Tatiana Ershova, Assistant to the Academy. Olha Nosova, Assistant Professor Rector, Rostov-on-Don State Bohdan Shunenych, Chair, and Chair, Economic Theory, Economic University, and former Applied Linguistics, Lviv State Kharkiv State Polytechnical Regional Exchange Scholar, Polytechnical University; Olena University, and former Regional Kennan Institute; William Smirnov, Kanishchenko, Associate Professor Exchange Scholar, Kennan Head, Department of Political and Chair, Industrial Marketing, Institute; Valeriy Kokot’, Executive Science, Institute of State and Kyiv State Polytechnical Institute; Director, Center for Research and Law, Russian Academy of Eugene Medresh, Director, Private Exchanges, Scientia Vinces, Sciences, Moscow; Vice President, Gymnasium “Ochag,” Kharkiv; Slavutych; Svitlana Slava, Russian Political Science Igor Solomadin, Chief, Associate Professor, Department Association; Vice-Chairman, Humanitarian Dialogical of Economics, Management, and Russian Presidential Human Rights Education Laboratory, Private Marketing, Uzhgorod State Commission; Chairman, Kennan Gymnasium “Ochag,” Kharkiv; University; Igor Burakovskyi, Chief Institute Alumni Association Olena Ivanova, Professor, Analyst, Institute for East-West Advisory Council; Sergei Department of Psychology, and Studies, Kyiv. Arutiunov, Corresponding Chair, General Psychology, Kharkiv Member, Russian Academy of State University; Serhiy Riabov, Concluding Session: Sciences, Moscow; Head, Professor and Chair, Department “Methodological Problems Department of Caucasian Studies, of Political Science, University of and Peculiarities of Panel Institute of Ethnology and Kyiv-Mohyla Academy. Conferences.” Anthropology, Russian Academy of Sciences, and former Short- Panel III: “Ethnopolitical JUNE 22–24, 2001 Term Scholar, Kennan Institute; Problems of Ukraine’s State Conference Aleksandr Kubyshkin, Professor, Development” “RUSSIA 2001: NEW TEN- Department of Regional Studies Chair: Serhiy Rymarenko, Senior DENCIES OF POLITICAL, and International Relations, Research Fellow, Institute for Volgograd State University. ECONOMIC, AND SOCIAL Political and Ethnonational Research, National Academy of DEVELOPMENT” Session I: “National Economy: Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv. Volgograd, Russia. Cosponsored Increase or Decrease of State Viktor Susak, Research Associate, by Volgograd State University and Functions” Lviv State University Institute for the Bureau of Educational and Chair: Tatiana Ershova, Assistant Historic Research, and former Cultural Affairs, U.S. Department to the Rector, Rostov-on-Don Regional Exchange Scholar, of State. State Economic University, and Kennan Institute; Tetiana former Regional Exchange Hardashuk, Senior Research Opening Statements Scholar, Kennan Institute. Fellow, Ukrainian Institute of William Smirnov, Head, Aleksei Alekseev, Senior Research Philosophy, National Academy of Department of Political Science, Fellow, Institute of the Economy Sciences, Kyiv; Antonina Kolodii, Institute of State and Law, Russian and Industrial Engineering, 205

30 YEAR REPORT | CONFERENCES Russian Academy of Sciences, “Strategy,” and former Regional Grigory Kliucharev, Professor and Siberian Branch, Novosibirsk, and Exchange Scholar, Kennan Director, Scientific Center for former Regional Exchange Institute; Sergei Baburkin, Information Technology and Scholar, Kennan Institute; Professor, Department of History, Continuous Studies, Russian Aleksandr Ogarkov, Lecturer and Yaroslavl State Pedagogical Independent Institute of Social Deputy Head, Department of University, former Regional and National Problems, Moscow; General and Special Exchange Scholar and Galina Olga Leontovich, Lecturer, Management, Volgograd Starovoitova Fellow, Kennan Department of English Philology, Academy of Public Administrative Institute; Viktor Vereshchagin, and Director, Center of American Service; Tatiana Zelentsova, Deputy Director, Expert Institute, Studies, Volgograd State Researcher, Volgograd State Moscow, and former Regional Pedagogical University; Olesya University; Olga Klyushkina, Exchange Scholar, Kennan Khudaeva, Teacher of English, Research Fellow, Institute of Institute; Olga Malinova, Docent Omsk State Pedagogical Sociology, Russian Academy of and Professor, Department of University; Olga Safronenko, Sciences, Moscow, and former Philosophy, Moscow State Chair, English Language Regional Exchange Scholar, Institute of Electronic Technology, Department, Rostov-on-Don Kennan Institute. and former Short-Term Scholar, Pedagogical University; Member, Kennan Institute; Vladimir Kennan Institute Alumni Advisory Session II: “Political and State Iakimets, Leading Research Council; and former Regional Transformation: New Fellow, Institute of System Exchange Scholar, Kennan Tendencies” Analysis, Russian Academy of Institute; Ruslan Kharullin, Chairs: Vladimir Iakimets, Leading Sciences, Moscow, and former Professor, Department of Social Research Fellow, Institute of Guest Scholar, Woodrow Wilson Pedagogics, Moscow State Social System Analysis, Russian Center; Maria Tysiachniouk, Head, University; Feliks Glazyrin, Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Department of Ecological Professor and Dean, Department and former Guest Scholar, Sociology, Center of Independent of Law, Volgograd State Woodrow Wilson Center, and Sociological Studies, and former University; Tat’iana Samsonova, William Smirnov, Head, Short-Term Scholar, Kennan Professor, Department of Department of Political Science, Institute. Sociology, Moscow State Institute of State and Law, Russian University, and former Regional Academy of Sciences, Moscow; Session III: “Education Exchange Scholar, Kennan Vice President, Russian Political Reform: Pros and Cons” Institute. Science Association; Vice- Chairs: Tat’iana Samsonova, Chairman, Russian Presidential Professor, Department of Session IV: “Russian Regions: Human Rights Commission; Sociology, Moscow State Modern Dynamics” Chairman, Kennan Institute University, and former Regional Chairs: Ivan Kurilla, Lecturer and Alumni Association Advisory Exchange Scholar, Kennan Chair, Department of Regional Council; and former Short-Term Institute, and Olga Safronenko, Studies and International Relations, Scholar, Kennan Institute. Chair, English Language Volgograd State University; Aleksandr Polunov, Lecturer, Department, Rostov-on-Don Member, Kennan Institute Russian Department of State Pedagogical University; Member, Alumni Advisory Council; and for- Administration, Moscow State Kennan Institute Alumni Advisory mer Regional Exchange Scholar, University, and former Regional Council, former Regional Kennan Institute; and Larisa Exchange Scholar, Kennan Exchange Scholar, Kennan Loginova, Senior Research Fellow, Institute; Nikolai Omel’chenko, Institute, and IREX Alumna. Institute of the Economy and Professor and Dean, Department Aleksandr Khodnev, Professor and Industrial Engineering, Russian of Philosophy and Social Chair, Department of World Academy of Sciences, Siberian Technologies, Volgograd State History, Yaroslavl State Branch, Krasnoyarsk, and former University, and Fulbright Alumnus; Pedagogical University and for- Regional Exchange Scholar, Andrei Suslov, Docent, Perm State mer Short-Term Scholar, Kennan Kennan Institute. Pedagogical University, and for- Institute; Irina Dezhina, Senior Pavel Smolyansky, Director, mer Regional Exchange Scholar, Research Fellow, Institute of the Information and Analytical Center, Kennan Institute; Aleksandr Economy of the Transition Period, Volgograd Academy of Public Sungurov, President, St. and former Regional Exchange Administration Service, Volgograd; Petersburg Humanities and Scholar, Kennan Institute; Andrei Nadezhda Bikalova, First Class 206 Political Science Center Ivashev, Tomsk State University; Advisory, Gosduma Federal

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER Assembly of the Russian European Studies of the School Michael Wachtel, Professor, Federation, and former Regional of Foreign Service; the Department of Slavic Languages Exchange Scholar, Kennan Institute; Department of Art, Music, and and Literatures, Princeton Larisa Loginova, Senior Research Theater; and the Center for Peace University; Peggy Troupin, inde- Fellow, Institute of the Economy and Security Studies of the pendent scholar, New York. and Industrial Engineering, Russian School of Foreign Service, Academy of Sciences, Siberian Georgetown University. Panel II: “Osip Mandelstam: Branch, Krasnoyarsk, and former Biographical Considerations” Regional Exchange Scholar, Introduction by Symposium Ellen Chances, Professor, Kennan Institute; Evgenii Vodichev, Chair Department of Slavic Languages Head, Group of Analyses of Harley Balzer, Director, Center for and Literatures, Princeton Scientific and Technical Policy; Eurasian, Russian, and East University; Oleg Lekmanov, Leading Research Fellow, Institute European Studies, Georgetown Professor, Department of of History, Russian Academy of University. Literature, Moscow State Sciences, Siberian Branch, University; Andrei Ustinov, inde- Novosibirsk; Member, Interregional Panel 1 pendent researcher, San Committee on Strategic, Economic, Chair: Michael Brown, Director, Francisco. Social, and Humantitarian Studies Center for Peace and Security under the Presidiums of the Ural Studies, School of Foreign Panel III: “Mandelstam and Siberian Branches, Russian Service, Georgetown University. Archives in Princeton and Academy of Sciences; Expert, Vladislav Zubok, Associate Elsewhere” Department of Monitoring of Professor of History, Temple Nina Shapiro, Slavic “Tasis,” Program of the European University; Jeffrey Brooks, Bibliographer, Princeton Union; and former Short-Term Professor of History, John Hopkins University; Sofia Bogatyreva, Scholar, Kennan Institute; Mikhail University; Andrew Bennett, Member, Mandelstam Society, Anipkin, Lecturer and Chair, Associate Professor, Department Moscow; Pavel Nerler, Vice Sociology and Psychology of Government, Georgetown President, Mandelstam Society, Management, Volgograd Academy University. Moscow; Marina Sokolova, of Public Administration Service, President, Mandelstam Society, and Coordinator, Association Panel 2: Moscow; Vladimir Litvinov, “Professionals for Cooperation,” Chair and Speaker: Alison Hilton, Member, Mandelstam Society, Volgograd Branch; Ivan Kurilla, Professor and Chair, Department Moscow; Sergei Vasilenko, Lecturer and Chair, Department of of Art, Music and Theater, Member, Mandelstam Society, Regional Studies and International Georgetown University. Moscow; Elena Alexeeva, inde- Relations, Volgograd State Konstantin Akinsha, art critic, art pendent scholar, Princeton. University; Member, Kennan historian, and Adviser in Chief, Institute Russian Alumni Advisory Research Project for Art and Panel IV: “Mandelstam’s Council; and former Regional Archives, New York; Alexander Poetics” Exchange Scholar, Kennan Institute; Roytburd, artist and Participant of Ksana Blank, Lecturer, Viktor Pilipenko, Lecturer, Venice Biennale 2001. Department of Slavic Languages Volgograd Academy of State and Literatures, Princeton Administration Service; Sergei Exhibit: “Creating the Enemy: University; Boris Gasparov, Golunov, Senior Lecturer, Images of America in Soviet Professor, Department of Slavic Department of Regional Studies Cold War Propaganda” Languages, Columbia University; and International Relations, Yurii Freidin, Vice President, Volgograd State University. OCTOBER 6–7, 2001 Mandelstam Society, Moscow; Conference Andrew Reynolds, Assistant SEPTEMBER 20, 2001 “THE LEGACY OF OSIP Professor, Department of Slavic Symposium MANDELSTAM” Languages and Literatures, “CREATING THE ENEMY: Cosponsored by the Department University of Wisconsin, Madison; IMAGES OF AMERICA IN of Slavic Language and Literature, Stuart Goldberg, Visiting Professor, Department of Russian SOVIET COLD WAR PROPA- Princeton University. Studies, Davidson College; Nancy GANDA” Panel I: “Remembering Pollak, Associate Professor, Cosponsored by the Center for Department of Russian Literature, Eurasian, Russian, and East Nadezhda Iakovlevna Mandelstam” Cornell University. 207

30 YEAR REPORT | CONFERENCES Panel V: “Mandelstam’s Institute; Frederick Kempe, Editor- Johnson, Ph.D. candidate, Poetics: Dialogue with in-Chief, Wall Street Journal Department of Political Science, Predecessors and Europe; Stephan Kux, Senior Indiana University; Kathleen Contemporaries” Lecturer on Political Science, Kuehnast, Research Associate, Charles E. Townsend, Chairman, University of Zurich; Jerzy Institute of Russian, European, Department of Slavic Language Macków, Lecturer, Faculty of and Eurasian Studies, George and Literatures, Princeton Cultural Studies, European Washington University, and former University; Mikhail Gasparov, University-Viadrina, Frankfurt; Title VIII-Supported Research Professor, Department of Alexander J. Motyl, Associate Scholar, Kennan Institute; Carol Literature, Russian State Professor of Political Science and Nechemias, Associate Professor of Humanities University; Julia Deputy Director, Center for Public Policy, Coordinator of Zarankin, Ph.D. candidate, Global Change and Governance, Public Policy, Member of Steering Department of Comparative Rutgers University; Blair A. Ruble, Committee for the Women’s Literature, Princeton University; Director, Kennan Institute; Lilia Studies Program, Penn State, Nikolai Bogomolov, Professor, Shevtsova, Senior Associate, Harrisburg, and former Short-Term Department of Literature, Moscow Carnegie Endowment for Scholar, Kennan Institute; State University. International Peace, Moscow; Liudmilla Popkova, Associate Angela Stent, Director, Center for Professor, History Department, Panel VI: “Mandelstam’s Eurasian, Russian, and East and Director, Gender Studies Poetics: Dialogue with European Studies, Georgetown Center, Samara State University, Contemporaries and University; Dmitri Trenin, Deputy and former Regional Exchange Successors” Director, Carnegie Endowment for Scholar, Kennan Institute; Dianne Olga Peters Hasty, Associate International Peace, Moscow; Post, Gender Specialist Liasion, Professor, Department of Slavic Celeste Wallander, Director and ABA-CEELI, Moscow; Michele Languages and Literatures, Senior Fellow, Russia and Eurasia Rivkin-Fish, Visiting Professor, Princeton University; Aleksandr Program, Center for Strategic and Department of Anthropology, Kobrinsky, Professor, Department International Studies; Marc University of Michigan; Nayereh of Literature, St. Petersburg State Zlotnik, Senior Analyst, Office of Tohidi, Associate Professor, Herzen University; Nina Russian and European Analysis, Department of Women’s Studies, Khrushcheva, Professor, The New Central Intelligence Agency. California State University, School University; Michael Eskin, Northridge, and Title VIII- Director of Undergraduate Studies, NOVEMBER 1, 2001 Supported Research Scholar, Center for Comparative Literature Workshop Kennan Institute; Cynthia Werner, and Society, Columbia University. “THE ROLE OF WOMEN IN Assistant Professor, Department of POST-COMMUNIST TRANSI- Anthropology, Texas A&M OCTOBER 19–20, 2001 University; Tetyana Zhurzhenko, TIONS” Workshop Postdoctoral Research Fellow, Cosponsored by the Title VIII Department of Anthropology, “INTEGRATING RUSSIA Program, U.S. State Department INTO EUROPE” Kharkiv National University. Cosponsored by the Carnegie Participants: David Abramson, NOVEMBER 6–7, 2001 Corporation and Rutgers Postdoctoral Fellow, American Conference University. Association for the Advancement of Science, Washington, D.C.; “ENVIRONMENT AND Participants: Leonid Bershidsky, Susan Crate, Ph.D. candidate, HUMAN RIGHTS IN THE Editor-in-Chief, Vedomosti; University of North Carolina, RUSSIAN FEDERATION” Bojana Blagojevic, Research Chapel Hill; Elena Gapova, Cosponsored by the Center for Assistant Center for Global Associate Professor and Director, Democracy, Washington, D.C.; Change and Governance, Rutgers Center for Gender Studies, Trust for Mutual Understanding; University; Pilar Bonet, journalist, European Humanities University, Center for Russian Environmental El Pais; Joseph Dresen, Program Minsk; Katherine Graney, Assistant Policy, Moscow; Kennan Institute; Associate, Kennan Institute; Philip Professor of Government, and the Environmental Change Hanson, Professor of the Political Skidmore College; Armine and Security Project, Wilson Economy of Russia and Eastern Ishkanian, Research Fellow, Center. Europe, University of Birmingham; Institute of Slavic, East European, Arnold Horelick, Co-Director, U.S.- and Eurasian Studies, University of Opening Remarks 208 Russia Dialogue Project, Aspen California, Berkeley; Janet Allen Weinstein, President and

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER CEO, The Center for Democracy, Andrei Lebedev, Senior Advisor, Washington, D.C.; Aleksei Human Rights Commission of the Yablokov, President, Center for Russian Federation, Moscow; Russian Environmental Policy, Aleksei Yablokov, President, Moscow; and Blair Ruble, Director, Center for Russian Environmental Kennan Institute. Policy, Moscow; Ludmila Komogortseva, Chair, Union for Session I: “Environment, Chemical Safety, Bryansk; Doug Human Rights, and Civil Norlen, Policy Director, Pacific Society in Russia” Environment and Resource Chair: Aleksei Yablokov, Center, Washington, D.C. President, Center for Russian Environmental Policy, Moscow. Session IV: “International Oleg Mironov, Human Rights Dimension of Environmental Commissioner of the Russian Human Rights” Federation; Vladimir Zakharov, Chair: Blair A. Ruble, Director, Director, Center for Russian Kennan Institute. Environmental Policy, Moscow; Oleg Mironov, Human Rights Ernest Partridge, Lecturer- Commissioner of the Russian Tomsk. Church of the Resurrection. (Photo: Consultant, Environmental and Federation; Aleksei Yablokov, William Brumfield) Applied Ethics, University of President, Center for Russian California, Riverside. Environmental Policy, Moscow; Aleksandr Nikitin, Director, Bellona Participants: David Abramson, Session II: “The Environmental Foundation-Russia; Director, Postdoctoral Fellow, American and Human Rights Coalition: Coalition for Environment and Association for the Advancement Constituencies, Cooperation Human Rights, St. Petersburg; and of Science, Washington, D.C.; and Challenges” Galina Starovoitova Fellow, Andrea Berg, Ph.D. candidate, Chair: Allen Weinstein, President Kennan Institute; Maureen Islamic Sciences, Institute of and CEO, The Center for Greenwood, Advocacy Director for Development Research and Democracy, Washington, D.C. Europe, Amnesty International Policy, Ruh-University, Bochum, Aleksandr Nikitin, Director, USA; Carl Mitchell, Deputy Chief, Germany; Susan Crate, Ph.D. can- Bellona Foundation-Russia; Environmental and Natural didate, University of North Director, Coalition for Resources Division, Bureau for Carolina, Chapel Hill; Elena Environment and Human Rights, Europe and Eurasia, U.S. Agency Gapova, Associate Professor and St. Petersburg; and Galina for International Development. Director, Center for Gender Starovoitova Fellow, Kennan Studies, European Humanities Institute; Ernest Chernyi, Closing Remarks University, Minsk; Katherine Chairman, Coalition for Aleksei Yablokov, President, Graney, Assistant Professor, Environment and Human Rights, Center for Russian Environmental Department of Government, Moscow; Yuri Vdovin, Deputy Policy, Moscow; Allen Weinstein, Skidmore College; Armine Chairman, Citizen Control, St. President and CEO, The Center Ishkanian, Research Fellow, Petersburg; Joshua Handler, Ph.D. for Democracy, Washington D.C.; Institute of Slavic, East European, candidate, Program on Science and Blair A. Ruble, Director, and Eurasian Studies, University of and Global Security, Princeton Kennan Institute. California, Berkeley; Janet University; Alice Hengesbach, Johnson, Ph.D. candidate, Russian Program Associate, ISAR: FEBRUARY 7–8, 2002 Department of Political Science, Initiative for Social Action and Workshop Indiana University; Kathleen Renewal in Eurasia. “THE ROLE OF WOMEN IN Kuehnast, Research Associate, POST-COMMUNIST TRANSI- Institute of Russian, European, Session III: “Environmental and Eurasian Studies, George TIONS” and Human Rights Law in Washington University; former Cosponsored by the Title VIII Russia: Status and Title VIII-Supported Research Program, U.S. State Department, Implementation” Scholar, Kennan Institute; and the Mary W. Harriman Chair: Vladimir Zakharov, Director, Member, Kennan Institute Foundation, and Federal Center for Russian Environmental Advisory Council; Carol Conference Funds from the Policy, Moscow. Nechemias, Associate Professor of Woodrow Wilson Center. 209

30 YEAR REPORT | CONFERENCES Public Policy, Coordinator of Florida, St. Petersburg; Shannon MARCH 22–23, 2002 Public Policy, Member of Steering O’Lear, Professor, Department of Workshop Committee for the Women’s Geography, University of Illinois, “MULTI-CULTURAL Studies Program, Penn State, Urbana-Champaign; Keely LEGAICES IN RUSSIA, Harrisburg; Liudmilla Popkova, Lange, Ph.D. candidate, UKRAINE, AND BELARUS” Associate Professor, History Department of Government, Cosponsored by the Title VIII Department; Director, Gender University of Notre Dame; Kelly Program. Studies Center, Samara State McMann, Postdoctoral University; and former Regional Researcher, Davis Center, Organizers: Dominique Arel, Exchange Scholar, Kennan Harvard University; Carolyn Assistant Professor, Watson Institute; Dianne Post, Gender Kissane, Adjunct Professor, Institute, Brown University; Nancy Specialist Liasion, ABA-CEELI, Department of International and Popson, Deputy Director, Kennan Moscow; Nayereh Tohidi, Transcultural Studies, Teachers Institute; and Blair A. Ruble, Associate Professor, Department College, Columbia University. Director, Kennan Institute. of Women’s Studies, California State University, Northridge, and Session II Participants: Mikhail Alexseev, Title VIII-Supported Research Discussion Leader: Blair A. Ruble, Assistant Professor, Political Scholar, Kennan Institute; Director, Kennan Institute. Science Department, San Diego Cynthia Werner, Assistant Participant: Bahman Aghai Diba, State University, and former Title Professor, Department of Consultant in International Affairs, VIII-Supported Research Scholar, Anthropology, Texas A&M Will E. Beheman and Associates, Kennan Institute; Helen Faller, University. Houston. Ph.D. candidate, Department of MARCH 14–17, 2002 Session III Anthropology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; Elise Symposium Discussion Leaders: Bruce Giuliano, Visiting Fellow, Kroc “CASPIAN SEA REGIONAL Kuniholm, Vice Provost for Institute for International Peace, Academic and International POLICY SYMPOSIUM” University of Notre Dame, and for- Affairs, Duke University; Mark Cosponsored by the International mer Title VIII-Supported Short- Katz, Professor, Department of Research and Exchanges Board, Term Scholar, Kennan Institute; Government and Politics, George Washington, D.C. Dmitry Gorenburg, Director, Mason University; Gerard Russian and East European Libaridian, Visiting Professor, Dinner Programs, Center for Naval Department of History, University Mark Pomar, President, Analyses; Katherine Graney, of Michigan, Ann Arbor. International Research and Assistant Professor, Government Participants: Cynthia Werner, Exchanges Board; Blair Ruble, Department, Skidmore College; Assistant Professor, Department of Director, Kennan Institute. Yoshiko Herrera, Assistant Anthropology, Texas A&M Professor, Government University; Adam Stulberg, Session I Department, Harvard University, Assistant Professor, Sam Nunn Discussion Leaders: Gerard and former Short-Term Scholar, School of International Affairs, Libaridian, Visiting Professor of Kennan Institute; Alexandra Georgia Institute of Technology; History, University of Michigan, Hrycak, Assistant Professor, Michael Reynolds, Ph.D. candi- Ann Arbor; Doug Blum, Department of Sociology, Reed date, Department of History/Near Professor, Department of College; Steven Seegal, Ph.D. can- Eastern Studies, Princeton Political Science, Providence didate, Russian and European University; Erica Johnson, Co- College; Roger Kangas, History Department, Brown Director and Managing Editor of Professor, Department of Central University; Oxana Shevel, Ph.D. Eurasia Policy Studies, The Asian Studies, College of candidate, Department of National Bureau of Asian International and Security Government, Harvard University; Research, Seattle; Robert Ware, Studies at the George C. Catherine Wanner, Assistant Associate Professor, Department Marshall European Center for Professor, Department of History of Philosophy, Southern Illinois Strategic Studies, Garmisch- and Religious Studies Program, University, Edwardsville. Partenkirchen, Germany. Pennsylvania State University; Paul Participants: Mary Matthews, Session IV: Roundtable Werth, Assistant Professor, Assistant Professor, Department Department of History, University Discussion Leader: Blair A. Ruble, of Environmental Science and of Nevada, Las Vegas, and former 210 Policy, University of South Director, Kennan Institute.

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER Title VIII-Supported Research Panel III: “Understanding the Russian Ministry of Defense. Scholar, Kennan Institute. Underlying Social Aspects of Discussants: J. Bruce Amstutz, for- Soviet and Post-Soviet Russia” mer U.S. Charge d’Affaires, MARCH 27–28, 2002 Chair: Kari Johnstone, Ph.D. recip- Afghanistan, U.S. Department of Conference ient, University of California, State; Andrew Bennett, Professor, “U.S. ASSESSMENTS OF Berkeley, and Title VIII-Supported Department of Government, THE SOVIET AND POST- Research Scholar, Kennan Institute. Georgetown University; Odd Arne Westad, Reader, International SOVIET ECONOMY: Panelists: Yuri Levada, Editor-in- Chief, Russian Public Opinion History, London School of LESSONS LEARNED AND Monitor Bimonthly, Moscow; Economics. NOT LEARNED” Judyth Twigg, Associate Professor, Cosponsored by Office of Net Department of Political Science Session II: “Roundtable: The Assessment, U.S. Department of and Public Administration, Virginia Politics of the Afghanistan Defense. Commonwealth University. War in Washington” Discussants: Arthur Miller, Chair: Robert Hathaway, Director, Panel I: “Revisiting the Professor, Department of Political Asia Program, Woodrow Wilson Estimates and Analyses of the Science, University of Iowa; Richard Center. Soviet Era” Dobson, Research Analyst, Russia, Panelists: Charles Wilson, former Chair: Blair A. Ruble, Director, Ukraine, and Commonwealth U.S. Congressman and President, Kennan Institute. Branch, Office of Research, U.S. Wilson Associates, LLC, Panelists: Nikolai Petrakov, Department of State. Washington D.C.; Jerrold Schecter, Director, Market Economy President, Schecter Institute, Russian Academy of Keynote Address Communications, Washington, Sciences, Moscow; Abraham James Schlesinger, Chairman, D.C., and former Member, National Becker, Senior Economist, MITRE Corporation, McLean, VA, Security Council; Thomas Thorton, Emeritus, RAND, Santa Monica. and Senior Advisor, Lehman Adjunct Professor, Department of Discussants: Igor Birman, inde- Brothers, Washington, D.C. Political Science, John Hopkins pendent scholar, Washington, D.C.; University; Elie Krakowski, Senior Robert Campbell, Distinguished APRIL 29–30, 2002 Fellow, American Foreign Policy Professor Emeritus, Department of Conference Council, Washington, D.C.; Peter Economics, Indiana University. “TOWARDS AN INTERNA- Tomsen, Professor, Center for TIONAL HISTORY OF THE Afghanistan Studies, University of Panel II: “Assessments of Nebraska at Omaha. Russian Reform Programs” WAR IN AFGHANISTAN” Chair: Blair Ruble, Director, Cosponsored by The George Session III: “War and Kennan Institute. Washington University Cold War Withdrawal” Group, and the Cold War Panelists: Mikhail Zadornov, Chair: Raymond Garthoff, Guest International History Project and Deputy, Russian State Duma; Mark Scholar, Foreign Policy Studies Asia Program, Woodrow Wilson Medish, Partner, Public Law and Program, Brookings Institution, Center. Policy Practice, Akin Gump, Washington, D.C. Strauss, Hauer, & Feld, LLP, Panelists: Lester Grau, Military Opening Remarks. Washington, D.C. Analyst, Foreign Military Studies Lee H. Hamilton, Director, Discussants: Peter Reddaway, Office, Fort Leavenworth; Anatoly Woodrow Wilson Center. Professor of Political Science and Chernyaev, Senior Fellow, International Affairs, Elliot School Gorbachev Foundation, Moscow; Session I: “New Evidence on of International Affairs and Vladislav Zubok, Associate the Crisis and the Invasion, Department of Political Science, Professor, Department of History, 1978–80” George Washington University, Temple University. Chair: Thomas Blanton, Executive and former Secretary, Kennan Discussants: Selig Harrison, Director, National Security Archive. Institute; Anders Åslund, Senior Director, National Security Panelists: Svetlana Savranskaya, Associate, Carnegie Endowment Program/Center for International Research Fellow, National Security for International Peace, Policy, and Senior Scholar, Archive; Todd Rosa, Ph.D. candi- Washington, D.C., and former Woodrow Wilson Center; Peter date, Department of History, Title VIII-Supported Research Tomsen, Professor, Center for George Washington University; Scholar, Kennan Institute. Afghanistan Studies, University of Aleksandr Lyakhovsky, Historian, Nebraska at Omaha. 211

30 YEAR REPORT | CONFERENCES Session IV: “Roundtable: The Novgorod State University and Panel I: “Establishment of Intelligence War” the Bureau of Educational and Russian Identity” Chair: Marin Strmecki, Vice Cultural Affairs, U.S. Department Chair: Emil Payin, Director, Center President and Director of Programs, of State. for Ethnopological and Regional The Smith Richardson Foundation, Studies, INDEM Foundation, Westport, CT. Opening Statements Moscow, and former Galina Panelists: Raymond Garthoff, Anatoly Gavrikov, President, Starovoitova Fellow on Human Guest Scholar, Foreign Policy Novgorod State University; Blair Rights and Conflict Resolution, Studies Program, Brookings A. Ruble, Director, Kennan Kennan Institute. Institution, Washington, D.C.; Milt Institute; Mikhail Prusak, Olga Manilova, Docent and Bearden, former Analyst, Central Governor, Novgorod Region. Professor, Department of Intelligence Agency; Charles Philosophy, Moscow State Cogan, Senior Research Associate, Plenary Session Institute of Electronic Technology, Intelligence and Policy Program, Denis Dragunskii, Director, and former Short-Term Scholar, JFK School of Government, National Project Institute, Kennan Institute; Revekka Harvard University; George Cave, Moscow; Emil Payin, Director, Voulfovich, Associate Professor, Analyst, Iran Task Force, U.S. Army. Center for Ethnopological and Department of Public Discussants: Steve Coll, Managing Regional Studies, INDEM Administration and Civil Service, Editor, The Washington Post, Foundation, Moscow, and former Northwestern Academy for Public Jerrold Schecter, President, Galina Starovoitova Fellow on Administration, St. Petersburg, Schecter Communications, Human Rights and Conflict and former Regional Exchange Washington, D.C., and former Resolution, Kennan Institute; Scholar, Kennan Institute; Ruslan Member, National Security Council. Irina Ignateva, Professor, Kharullin, Professor, Department Philosophy Department, of Social Pedagogics, Moscow Session V: “The War in Novgorod State University; and State Social University, and IREX Afghanistan: Regional Aleksei Barabashev, Deputy Alumnus. Dimensions” Dean, Public Administration Chair: William Green Miller, Department, Institute of Public Panel II: “Globalism and Senior Policy Scholar, Woodrow Administration and Social Integration” Wilson Center. Studies, Moscow State Chair: Vladimir Iakimets, Leading Panelists: Alexander Alexiev; inde- University; Chairman of Scholarly Research Fellow, Institute for pendent businessman, Exchanges, Alumni Association Systems Analysis, Russian Washington, D.C.; M. Hassan “Professionals for Cooperation;” Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Kakar, independent researcher, San and former Research Scholar, and former Guest Scholar, Diego; Neamatollah Nojumi, Kennan Institute. Woodrow Wilson Center. Scholar, Fletcher School of Law and Valery Patsiorkovsky, Professor Diplomacy, Tufts University; Dennis Roundtable: “The and Laboratory Chief, Institute for Kux, author, Washington, D.C., and Methodology of the Study of Socio-Economic Studies of the former Fellow, Woodrow Wilson Identity” Population, Russian Academy of Center; Jim Hershberg, Associate Chair: Denis Dragunskii, Director, Sciences, Moscow; Olga Butorina, Professor, Department of History National Project Institute, Head, Department of Economic and International Affairs, George Moscow. Integration, Institute of Europe, Washington University. Yulii Stavropolskii, Docent, Russian Academy of Sciences, Discussants: Atiq Sarwari, Program Psychology Department, Saratov Moscow; Evgenii Vodichev, Associate, Kennan Institute, State University, and former Leading Research Fellow, Institute George Cave, Analyst, Iran Task Regional Exchange Scholar, of History, Siberian Branch, Force, U.S. Army. Kennan Institute; Aleksandr Russian Academy of Sciences, Polunov, Docent, Department of Novosibirsk, and former Short- JULY 4–5, 2002 State Administration, Moscow Term Scholar, Kennan Institute; Conference State University, and former Larisa Loginova, First Deputy of “IDENTITY PROBLEMS: Regional Exchange Scholar, the Chair, Krasnoyarsk Regional MAN AND SOCIETY ON Kennan Institute; Konstantin Division of the Federal Branch of Zavershinski, Docent, Department the Central Bank of Russia, and THE THRESHOLD OF THE of Philosophy, Novgorod State former Regional Exchange THIRD MILLENIUM” University. Scholar, Kennan Institute; Ludmila 212 Novgorod. Cosponsored by Pravikova, Docent, Chair of West

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER European Languages and Organization “Focus,” Moscow; JULY 8–9, 2002 Cultures, Pyatigorsk State Vladimir Boiko, Associate Workshop Linguistics University, and Professor, Department of World “INTEGRATING RUSSIA Fulbright Alumna; Iulia Semenova, History, Chief of Laboratory, INTO EUROPE” student, Law Department, Barnaul State Pedagogical Brussels. Cosponsored by Novgorod State University. University; Aleksandr Petrov, Carnegie Corporation of New Senior Research Fellow, Center for York and Rutgers University. Panel III: “Confessional North American Studies, Institute Aspects of Russian Identity” of World History, Moscow, and Participants: Bojana Blagojevic, Chair: Anatoly Krasikov, Professor former Regional Exchange Research Assistant Center for and Director, Center for Social and Scholar, Kennan Institute; Mikhail Global Change and Governance, Religious Studies, Institute of Pelipas, Professor of History and Rutgers University; Pilar Bonet, Europe, Russian Academy of Head of Modern and journalist, El Pais; Sophia Sciences, Moscow, and former Contemporary History, Tomsk Clement, Member, Delegation of Guest Scholar, Woodrow Wilson State University. Strategic Affairs, French Ministry Center. of Defense; Joseph Dresen, Anatoly Krasikov, Professor and Panel V: “The Dialogue on Program Associate, Kennan Director, Center for Social and Identity in Multi-Cultural Institute; Philip Hanson, Professor Religious Studies, Institute of Societies” of the Political Economy of Russia Europe, Russian Academy of Chair: Aleksei Barabashev, & Eastern Europe, University of Sciences, Moscow, and former Deputy Director, Institute of Public Birmingham; Frederick Kempe, Guest Scholar, Woodrow Wilson Administration and Social Studies, Editor-in-Chief, Wall Street Center; Guzel Ibneeva, Professor, Moscow State University; Journal Europe; Ania Krok- Department of History, Kazan Chairman of Scholarly Exchanges, Paszkowska, Research Fellow, State University; Natalia Alumni Association “Professionals Robert Schuman Centre, Baskakova, Director, Multimedia for Cooperation;” and former European University Institute, Studio, Novgorod State University; Research Scholar, Kennan Florence, Italy; Stephan Kux, Grigory Kliucharev, Professor and Institute. Senior Lecturer on Political Head of Department, Inna Kovaleva, Associate Science, University of Zurich; Independent Institute of Complex Professor, Department of Civil and Rajan Menon, Monroe J. Social Studies, Russian Academy Commercial Law, Novgorod State Rathbone Professor, Department of Sciences, Moscow;. Dimitri University; Viktor Shnirel’man, of International Relations, Lehigh Melnikov, post-graduate student, Leading Research Fellow, Institute University; Alexander J. Motyl, Department of World History, of Ethnology and Anthropology, Associate Professor of Political Novgorod State University; Elena Russian Academy of Sciences, Science, Deputy Director; Center Smilianskaya, Associate Professor, Moscow, and former Guest for Global Change and Russian State Humanitarian Scholar, Woodrow Wilson Center; Governance, Rutgers University; University, Moscow, and former Irina Ushanova, Novgorod State Elena Nemirovskaya, Director, Regional Exchange Scholar, University; Natalia Ivanova, Moscow School of Political Kennan Institute; Elena Amosova, Associate Professor, Yaroslavl’ Studies; Oleksander Pavliuk, Associate Professor, Department State Pedagogical University; Senior External Cooperation of World History, Novgorod State Viktor Ivanitski, Professor and Officer, Office of the Secretary University. Dean, Department of Romance- General, OSCE, Vienna; Germanic Philology, Novgorod Alexander Rahr, Program Director, Panel IV: “Migration and State University; Elena Zhukova, Krber Unit, German Council on Cultural Identity” Docent and Head of the English Foreign Relations, Berlin; Blair A. Chair: Revekka Voulfovich, Language Department, Novgorod Ruble, Director, Kennan Institute; Associate Professor, Department State University; Vladimir Iakimets, Yuri Senokosov, Director, for Public Administration and Civil Leading Research Fellow, Institute Publishing Program, Moscow Service, Northwestern Academy for Systems Analysis, Russian School of Political Studies; Lilia for Public Administration, St. Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Shevtsova, Senior Associate, Petersburg, and former Regional and former Guest Scholar, Carnegie Endowment for Exchange Scholar, Kennan Woodrow Wilson Center; Lidiia International Peace, Moscow; Institute. Nikolenko, Assistant Professor, Angela Stent, Director, Center for Davlat Khudonazarov, film direc- Department of Pedagogy, Pskov Eurasia, Russian, and East tor, and Advisor, Humanitarian State Pedagogical Institute. European Studies, Georgetown 213

30 YEAR REPORT | CONFERENCES University; Dmitri Trenin, Deputy Academy; Tetyana Klynchenko, Historic Studies, Lviv National Director, Carnegie Endowment for Senior Research Fellow, Institute University, and former Regional International Peace, Moscow; for Political and Ethnonational Exchange Scholar, Kennan Celeste Wallander, Director and Studies, National Academy of Institute. Senior Fellow, Russia and Eurasia Sciences of Ukraine; Mykhailo Program, Center for Strategic and Hrodzynskyi, Professor, Kyiv Session III: “Political International Studies, Washington, National University. Development in Ukraine D.C.; Jan Zielonka, Associate Today” Professor, Department of Political Chair: Olena Lazorenko, Head, Chair: Oleksandr Demyanchuk, and Social Sciences, European Political Analysts’ Group, Associate Professor, National University Institute in Florence, International Consulting University of Kyiv-Mohyla Italy. Company, and former Regional Academy, and former Regional Exchange Scholar, Kennan Exchange Scholar, Kennan SEPTEMBER 13–15, 2002 Institute. Institute. Conference Tamara Denysova, Senior Oleksandr Fisun, Associate “UKRAINE IN THE MODERN Research Fellow, Institute of Professor, Kharkiv National WORLD” Literature, National Academy of University, and former Regional Yalta. Cosponsored by the U.S. Sciences of Ukraine; Oleksandr Exchange Scholar, Kennan Embassy in Ukraine, The Bureau Demyanchuk, Associate Professor, Institute; Yuriy Rarog, Deputy of Educational and National University of Kyiv-Mohyla Director, Interregional Academy of Cultural Affairs, United States Academy, and former Regional Personnel Management; Olena Department of State, and the Exchange Scholar, Kennan Lazorenko, Head, Political Pylyp Orlyk Institute for Institute; Serhiy Klepko, Vice Analysts’ Group, International Democracy. Rector, Poltava Regional Institute Consulting Company, and former of Postgraduate Pedagogical Regional Exchange Scholar, Opening Statements Education; Iryna Berezovska, Kennan Institute; Serhiy Riabov, Oleksandr Fisun, Chair, Kennan Associate Professor, Ternopil’ Professor, National University of Institute Ukrainian Alumni State Technical University. Kyiv-Mohyla Academy; Ivanna Advisory Council; Blair A. Ruble, Ibrahimova, Doctorate Fellow, Director, Kennan Institute; and Session II: “Geostrategic Ukrainian Academy of Public Paul Hacker, Cultural Affairs Dilemmas of Ukraine in the Administration, Office of the Officer, U.S. Embassy in Ukraine. Context of Post-September President of Ukraine; Ilko 2001 Changes in International Kucheriv, Deputy Chief of Party, Session I. “Ukraine Facing Relations” Partnership for a Transparent Social, Ethnic, and Cultural Chair: Ivan Pankevych, Associate Society, A Project of USAID, and Aspects of Globalization” Professor, Lviv National University. former Short-Term Scholar, Chair: Viktor Zablotskii, Reporter, Ihor Koval, Director, Institute of Kennan Institute. Television News Service, TV Social Sciences, Odesa National Broadcasting Company 1+1, and University, and former Regional Session IV: “The Strategy of former Regional Exchange Exchange Scholar, Kennan Ukraine’s Economic Scholar, Kennan Institute. Institute; Viktor Zablotskii, Development under Current Serhiy Rymarenko, Senior Reporter, Television News Service, Geo-Economic Competition” Research Fellow, Institute of TV Broadcasting Company 1+1, Chair: Mykhailo Hrodzynskyi, Political and Ethnonational and former Regional Exchange Professor, Kyiv National University, Studies, National Academy of Scholar, Kennan Institute; Serhiy and Fulbright Program Alumnus. Sciences of Ukraine; Olha Fedunyak, Teacher/Fellow, School Ihor Rybalchenko, Head, Office of Filippova, Doctorate Fellow, of Slavonic and East-European Analysis and Development, Kharkiv National University, and Studies, University College of National Aerospace University; former Regional Exchange London; Ivan Pankevych, Volodymyr Anderson, Associate Scholar, Kennan Institute; Associate Professor, Lviv National Professor, Head, Laboratory of Antonina Kolodii, Senior Research University; Viktor Pasysnychenko, Geo-Information Systems, Odesa Fellow, Institute of Folk Studies, Associate Professor, Kharkiv State National University, and former National Academy of Sciences of Pedagogical University, and for- Regional Exchange Scholar, Ukraine; Myroslava Antonovych, mer Regional Exchange Scholar, Kennan Institute; Iryna Novak, Associate Professor, National Kennan Institute; Viktor Susak, Senior Research Fellow, Institute 214 University of Kyiv-Mohyla Research Fellow, Institute of of Industrial Economy, National

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER Academy of Sciences of Ukraine; Werth, Assistant Professor, History Senokosov, Director, Publishing Nataliya Medzhybovska, Associate Department, University of Program, Moscow School of Professor, Odesa State Economic Nevada, Las Vegas, and former Political Studies; Angela Stent, University. Title VIII-Supported Research Director, Center for Eurasian, Scholar, Kennan Institute. Russian, and East European Roundtable Discussion: Studies, Georgetown University; “Ukraine between the JANUARY 16–17, 2003 Elizabeth Teague, Researcher, Parliamentary and Presidential Working group Ministry of Defence, United Elections” “INTEGRATING RUSSIA Kingdom; Marc Zlotnik, Senior Chair: Antonina Kolodii, Senior INTO EUROPE” Analyst, Office of Russian and Research Fellow, Institute of Folk Berlin, Germany. Cosponsored by European Analysis, Central Studies, National Academy of the German Council on Foreign Intelligence Agency. Sciences of Ukraine. Relations. FEBRUARY 28–MARCH 1, NOVEMBER 15–16, 2002 Organizers: Bojana Blagojevic, 2003 Title VIII Research Workshop Research Assistant, Center for Title VIII Research Workshop “MULTI-CULTURAL LEGA- Global Change and Governance, “CONTEMPORARY AND CIES IN RUSSIA AND Rutgers University; Joseph HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVES UKRAINE” Dresen, Program Associate, ON CONFLICT IN THE FOR- Organizers: Dominique Arel, Kennan Institute; Alexander MER SOVIET UNION” Assistant Professor, Watson Motyl, Associate Professor of Organizers: Mark Katz, Professor Institute, Brown University; Nancy Political Science, Deputy Director, of Government and Politics, Popson, Deputy Director, Kennan Center for Global Change and Department of Public and Institute; Blair A. Ruble, Director, Governance, Rutgers University; International Affairs, George Kennan Institute. Blair Ruble, Director, Kennan Mason University, and former Title Institute; Lilia Shevtsova, Senior VIII-Supported Research Scholar, Participants: Mikhail Alexseev, Associate, Carnegie Moscow Kennan Institute; Jennifer Giglio, Associate Professor, Political Center. Program Associate, Kennan Science Department, San Diego Institute. State University, and former Title Participants: Pilar Bonet, journal- VIII-Supported Research Scholar, ist, El Pais, Moscow; Philip Participants: Blair Ruble, Director, Kennan Institute; Helen Faller, Hanson, Professor of the Political Kennan Institute; Margarita Ph.D. candidate, Department of Economy of Russia & Eastern Balmaceda, Assistant Professor, Anthropology, University of Europe, University of Birmingham; School of Diplomacy and Michigan, Ann Arbor; Elise Frederick Kempe, Editor-in-Chief, International Relations, Seton Hall Giuliano, Assistant Professor, Wall Street Journal Europe; Ania University; Jennifer Cash, Ph.D. Political Science Department, Krok-Paszkowska, Research candidate, Department of University of Miami; Dmitry Fellow, Robert Schuman Centre, Anthropology, Indiana University; Gorenburg, Director of Russian European University Institute, Michele Commercio, Ph.D. candi- and East European Programs, Florence; Stephan Kux, Senior date, Department of Political Center for Naval Analyses, Lecturer on Political Science, Science, University of Alexandria, VA; Katherine Graney, University of Zurich; Jerzy Pennsylvania; Debra Javeline, Assistant Professor, Government Mackow, Chair of Comparative Assistant Professor, Department of Department, Skidmore College; Politics, University of Regensburg; Political Science, Rice University; Alexandra Hrycak, Assistant Rajan Menon, Monroe J. Mary Matthews, Assistant Professor, Department of Rathbone Professor, Department Professor, Department of Sociology, Reed College, and for- of International Relations, Lehigh Environmental Science and Policy, mer Title VIII-Supported Short- University; Elena Nemirovskaya, University of South Florida, St. Term Scholar, Kennan Institute; Director, Moscow School of Petersburg; Margaret Paxson, Oxana Shevel, Ph.D. candidate, Political Studies; Oleksander Senior Associate, Kennan Department of Government, Pavliuk, Senior External Co-opera- Institute; Michael Reynolds, Ph.D. Harvard University; Catherine tion Officer, Office of the candidate, Department of Near Wanner, Assistant Professor, Secretary General, OSCE, Vienna; Eastern Studies, Princeton Department of History and Alexander Rahr, Program Director, University, and Fellow, Olin Religious Studies Program, Körber Unit, German Council on Institute for Strategic Studies, Pennsylvania State University; Paul Foreign Relations, Berlin; Yuri 215

30 YEAR REPORT | CONFERENCES National Resources Center, former Title VIII-Supported Indiana University. Research Scholar, Kennan Participants: Eric McGlinchey, Institute; and member, Kennan Postdoctoral Scholar, Center for Institute Advisory Council; William Russian, East European and Fierman, Director, Inner-Asian and Eurasian Studies, Stanford Uralic National Resources Center, University; Jonathan Zartman, Indiana University. Ph.D. candidate, Graduate School Participants: Amanda Wooden, of International Studies, University Assistant Professor, Department of of Denver. Political Science, Northeastern Illinois University; Regine Spector, Session II Ph.D. candidate, Department of Speaker: Roger Kangas, Political Science, University of Professor, Department of Central California, Berkeley; Mark Asian Studies, College of Johnson, Assistant Professor, International and Security Studies Department of History, Colorado at the George C. Marshall College. European Center for Strategic Tomsk. Wooden house, Tatar district. (Photo: William Studies, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Session VI Brumfield) Germany. Discussion Leader: John Schoeberlein, Director, Program Weatherhead Center for Session III on Central Asia and the Caucasus, International Affairs, Harvard Discussion Leaders: John Harvard University. University; Erika Weinthal, Schoeberlein, Director, Program Participant: Kyle Evered, Assistant Assistant Professor, Department of on Central Asia and the Caucasus, Professor, Department of Political Science, Tel Aviv Harvard University; Kathleen Geography and Geology, Illinois University. Kuehnast, Research Associate, State University. Institute for European, Russian MARCH 13–16, 2003 and Eurasian Studies, George Session VII Symposium Washington University; former Speaker: John Schoeberlein, “CENTRAL ASIA AND ITS Title VIII-Supported Research Director, Harvard Program on Scholar, Kennan Institute; and Central Asia and the Caucasus, NEIGHBORS” member, Kennan Institute Harvard University. Cosponsored by IREX, Advisory Council. Washington, D.C., The Starr Participants: Michael Rouland, MARCH 28–29, 2003 Foundation, Washington, D.C., Ph.D. candidate, Department of Symposium the Middle East Project and Asia History, Georgetown University; Program, Woodrow Wilson “CAPITALS BY DESIGN: Irinia Liczek, Ph.D. candidate, Center. ARCHITECTURE, THE ARTS, Department of Political Science, AND PUBLIC SPECTACLE IN New School University. Dinner ST. PETERSBURG AND Mark Pomar, President, Session IV WASHINGTON, D.C., International Research and Speaker: Dru Gladney, Professor, 1703–2003” Exchanges Board; Blair Ruble, Departments of Anthropology Georgetown University and Director, Kennan Institute. and Asian Studies, University of Hillwood Museum and Gardens. Hawaii at Manoa. Cosponsored by Georgetown Session I University and Hillwood Museum Discussion Leaders: Roger Session V and Gardens. Kangas, Professor, Department of Discussion Leaders: Dru Gladney, Central Asian Studies, College of Professor, Departments of Welcome and Keynote International and Security Studies, Anthropology and Asian Studies, Address George C. Marshall European University of Hawaii at Manoa; James Cracraft, Professor and Center for Strategic Studies, Kathleen Kuehnast, Research University Scholar, Department Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Associate, Institute for European, History, University of Illinois at Germany; William Fierman, Russian and Eurasian Studies, Chicago. Director, Inner-Asian and Uralic 216 George Washington University;

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER Session I: “Designing and Russie; The Boeing Company; Moscow. Cosponsored by the Building Capitals” ConocoPhillips; J. Murray Logan; Carnegie Moscow Center. Chair: Blair Ruble, Director, Moncrief Oil International, Inc.; Kennan Institute. PetroAlliance Services Company; Organizers: Bojana Blagojevic, Panelists: Howard Gillette, AO VimpelCom. Research Assistant, Center for Professor, Department of History, Global Change and Governance, Rutgers University; Ewa Berard, JUNE 11, 2003 Rutgers University; Joseph Researcher, National Center for Conference Dresen, Program Associate, Scientific Research, Paris. “THE ISLAMIZATION OF Kennan Institute; Blair Ruble, CENTRAL ASIA: POLITICS, Director, Kennan Institute; Yuri Session II: “Cultural Senokosov, Director, Publishing ECONOMICS, AND Institutions and Public Program, Moscow School of Spectacles” SOCIETY” Political Studies; Lilia Shevtsova, Chair: Karen Kettering, Associate Cosponsored by the Asia Program Senior Associate, Carnegie Curator for Russian Art, Hillwood and Middle East Project, Moscow Center. Museum and Gardens, Woodrow Wilson Center. Washington, D.C. Participants: Pilar Bonet, journal- Panelist: Richard Stites, Professor, Participants: Robert Hathaway, ist, El Pais, Moscow; Philip Department of History, Director, Asia Program, Woodrow Hanson, Professor of the Political Georgetown University and former Wilson Center; Haleh Esfandiari, Economy of Russia & Eastern Fellow, Woodrow Wilson Center. Director, Middle East Project, Europe, University of Birmingham; Woodrow Wilson Center; Shireen Ania Krok-Paszkowska, Research Session III: “Defining New Hunter, Director, Islam Program, Fellow, Robert Schuman Centre, Cultures in the Modern Era” Center for Strategic and European University Institute, Chair: Alison Hilton, Chair, International Studies, Washington, Florence; Stephan Kux, Senior Department of Art, Music and D.C.; Pauline Jones Luong, Lecturer on Political Science, Theater, Georgetown University, Assistant Professor, Department of University of Zurich; Jerzy Mackow, and former Short-Term Scholar, Political Science, Yale University; Chair of Comparative Politics, Kennan Institute. John Schoeberlein, Director, University of Regensburg; Elena Panelists: James Miller, Professor, Harvard Program on Central Asia Nemirovskaya, Director, Moscow Department of American Studies, and the Caucasus, Harvard School of Political Studies; George Washington University; University; Atiq Sarwari, Program Oleksander Pavliuk, Senior Alla Rosenfeld, Senior Curator, Associate, Kennan Institute; External Co-operation Officer, Russian and Soviet Nonconformist Stephen Heyneman, Professor, Office of the Secretary General, Art, The Jane Voorhees Zimmerli International Education Policy, OSCE, Vienna; Angela Stent, Art Museum, Rutgers University. Vanderbilt University; Kathleen Director, Center for Eurasian, Kuehnast, Research Associate, Russian, and East European Session IV: Roundtable Institute for Russian, European Studies, Georgetown University; Discussion and Eurasian Studies, George Elizabeth Teague, Researcher, Washington University; former Ministry of Defense, United MAY 22, 2003 Title VIII-Supported Research Kingdom; Dmitri Trenin, Deputy Scholar, Kennan Institute; and ANNUAL DINNER Director, Carnegie Endowment for member, Kennan Institute Chairman: James C. Langdon, Jr., International Peace, Moscow; Jan Advisory Council; Nazif Shahrani, Partner, Akin Gump Strauss Hauer Zielonka, Professor of Political Chair, Department of Near & Feld LLP, Washington, D.C.; Co- Science, European University Eastern Languages and Cultures Chairman: Len Blavatnik, Institute, Florence. and Professor of Anthropology Chairman, Access Industries and Middle East and Central Speaker: Richard N. Haass, JULY 4–6, 2003 Asian Studies, Indiana University, Director, Office of Policy Planning, Alumni Conference and former Fellow, Woodrow U.S. Department of State. “RUSSIA AND THE EURO- Wilson Center. PEAN UNION” Underwritten by Access Industries. JUNE 27–28, 2003 Kaliningrad. Cosponsored by Dinner Patrons: Akin Gump Workshop Kaliningrad State University and Strauss Hauer & Feld LLP, Vanco the Bureau of Educational and “INTEGRATING RUSSIA Energy Company. Cultural Affairs, U.S. Department Dinner Sponsors: A La Vieille INTO EUROPE” of State. 217

30 YEAR REPORT | CONFERENCES Opening Remarks Woodrow Wilson Center; Lidiia Volgograd State University, and Vladimir Bryushinkin, Pro-rector, Nikolenko, Assistant Professor, former Regional Exchange Kaliningrad State University, Department of Pedagogy, Pskov Scholar, Kennan Institute. Director, Baltic CASE; Blair A. State Pedagogical Institute; Irina Ruble, Director, Kennan Institute Dezhina, Leading Research Panel II: “Economic Fellow, Institute of Economics of Interrelations of Russia and Plenary Session the Transitional Period, Moscow, the European Union” Olga Butorina, Sector Head, and former Regional Exchange Chair: Olga Butorina, Sector Center for European Integration, Scholar, Kennan Institute; Tatyana Head, Center for European Institute of Europe, Russian Tregubova, Professor and Integration, Institute of Europe, Academy of Sciences, Moscow; Director, Laboratory of Russian Academy of Sciences, Yuri Matochkin, Chair, Standing International Vocational Training, Moscow. Committee on Economic Policy, Institute of Pedagogics and Aleksandr Khodnev, Professor and Kaliningrad Regional Duma; Emil Psychology of Vocational Training, Director, World History Payin, Director, Center for Russian Academy of Education, Department, Yaroslavl’ State Xenophobia and Extremism Kazan’; Natalia Ivanova, Assistant Pedagogical University, and for- Studies, Institute of Sociology, Professor, Yaroslavl’ State mer Regional Exchange Scholar, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pedagogical University; Andrei Kennan Institute; Irina Skvortsova, Moscow, and former Galina Makarychev, Professor, Assistant Professor, International Starovoitova Fellow on Human Department of International Relations Department, Urals State Rights and Conflict Resolution, Relations and Politology, Nizhnii Economic University, Kennan Institute; Aleksei Novgorod Linguistic University, Yekaterinburg; Igor’ Alikperov, Barabashev, Deputy Dean, Public former Regional Exchange Associate Professor, Economic Administration Department, Scholar, Kennan Institute; Andrei Theory Department, Urals State Institute of Public Administration Suslov, Assistant Professor, Perm Pedagogical University, and Social Studies, Moscow State State University, and former Yekaterinburg; Natal’ia Vlasova, University, and former Title VIII- Regional Exchange Scholar, Associate Professor, Department Supported Research Scholar, Kennan Institute; Tat’iana of Regional and Municipal Kennan Institute; Eugenijus Samsonova, Professor, Sociology Economy, Urals State Economic Chlivickas, Director, Training Department, Moscow State University, Yekaterinburg; Evgenii Center, Ministry of Finance, University, and former Regional Krassinets, Head, Laboratory of Vilnius, Lithuania. Exchange Scholar, Kennan Social Demography, Institute of Institute; Olga Malinova, Leading Socioeconomic Population Panel I: “Cultural Links, Research Fellow, Department of Problems, Russian Academy of Integration of Science and Political Science, Institute of Sciences, Moscow, and former Education” Scientific Information in Social Regional Exchange Scholar, Chairs: Olga Malinova, Senior Sciences, Russian Academy of Kennan Institute; Larisa Loginova, Research Fellow, Department of Sciences, Moscow; Grigory First Deputy Chair, Regional Political Sciences, Institute of Kliucharev, Professor, Head of Division of Federal Commission Scientific Information in Social Department, Institute of Complex on Securities, Krasnoyarsk, and Sciences, Russian Academy of Social Studies, Russian Academy former Regional Exchange Sciences, Moscow, and former of Sciences, Moscow; Denis Scholar, Kennan Institute; Galina Short-Term Scholar, Kennan Dragunskii, Director, National Ulianova, Senior Research Fellow, Institute; Denis Dragunskii, Project Institute, Moscow; Anatoly Institute of Russian History, Director, National Project Institute, Krasikov, Professor and Director, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow. Center for Social and Religious Moscow, and former Regional Evgenii Vodichev, Chief Research Studies, Institute of Europe, Exchange Scholar, Kennan Fellow, Institute of History, Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute; Tamara Izmest’eva, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy Moscow, and former Guest Senior Research Fellow, History of Sciences, Novosibirsk, and for- Scholar, Woodrow Wilson Center; Department, Moscow State mer Short-Term Scholar, Kennan Boris Lanine, Professor, All-Russian University; Svetlana Doilidova, Institute; Vladimir Iakimets, State Tax Academy, Moscow, and Expert-Consultant, Social Leading Research Fellow, Institute former Regional Exchange Organization “Association of for Systems Analysis, Russian Scholar, Kennan Institute; Ivan Businesswomen of Russia”, Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Kurilla, Assistant Professor, Pro- Svetlogorsk. 218 and former Guest Scholar, rector on International Relations,

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER Roundtable: “Kaliningrad: Director, Woodrow Wilson Center; Chair: Donald A. Ritchie, Status Quo and Perspectives” Craig Manson, Assistant Secretary, Associate Historian, Senate Chair: Andrei Makarychev; Department of the Interior; John Historical Office Professor, Department of Fowler, Executive Director, Cindy Kelly, President, Atomic International Relations and Advisory Council on Historic Heritage Foundation; Paul Politology, Nizhnii Novgorod State Preservation, The White House; Lusignan, Historian, National Linguistic University, and former Carol D. Shull, Keeper, National Register of Historic Places, Regional Exchange Scholar, Register of Historic Places, National Park Service; Frank Tims, Kennan Institute. National Park Service. Director of Public Affairs, Cold Solomon Ginzburg, Leader, Right War Veterans Association; Mark Wing Union, Kaliningrad Regional Panel I: “International Vogl, National Chairman, Cold Duma; Gennady Fedorov, Professor Scholarship in the Making: War Veterans Committee, and Head, Department of Toward a New Cold War American Veterans; Troy Wade, Economic and Social Geography History” Chairman, Nevada Alliance for and Geopolitics, Kaliningrad State Chair: Melvyn Leffler, Stettinius Defense, Energy and Business. University, and Baltic CASE Staff Professor of American History, Member; Aleksandr Sungurov, University of Virginia. Slide Presentation and President, “Strategia” Center, St. Tom Blanton, Director, National Reception: “Capturing the Petersburg, and former Regional Security Archive; Chen Jian, C.K. Bomb: the Nuclear Weapons” Exchange Scholar, Kennan Institute; Professor of Chinese American Paul Shambroom, photographer; Vladimir Kuzin, Consultant, Relations, Miller Center, and Robert Del Tredici, photographer. Standing Committee on Economic Professor, Department of History, Policy, Kaliningrad Regional Duma; University of Virginia; Hope Introduction and Opening Irina Vershinina, Ombudsman, Harrison, Assistant Professor of Remarks Kaliningrad Region; Viktor History and International Affairs, William Taubman, Bertrand Snell Koshelev, Deputy Head, Division George Washington University; Professor of Political Science, on Space Planning and Roger Lotchin, Professor, Amherst College; Advisory International Contacts, Baltic City Department of History, University Committee Chair, Cold War District, Kaliningrad; Valentina of North Carolina. International History Project; and Zosimenko, Chair, Social former Fellow, Woodrow Wilson Organization; Olga Novosad, Panel II: “Preservation, Center; Joel Hefley, Head, Department of Information Interpretation and Representative, United States Services, Kaliningrad Regional Department of Defense and Congress. Duma; Evgeny Vinokurov, NASA Properties” researcher, Kaliningrad. Chair: Michael Devine, Director, Panel IV: “Approaches to Cold Truman Museum and Library. War Museums” SEPTEMBER 8–9, 2003 Dave Berwick, Manager, Army Chair: Francis Gary Powers, Jr., Conference Program, Advisory Council on founder, Cold War Museum. “COLD WAR MEMORY: Historic Preservation; David Dan Holt, Director, Eisenhower INTERPRETING THE PHYSI- Guldenzopf, Chief, Cultural Presidential Library and Museum, Resources Branch, Base Abilene, KS; Jeffrey Engel, CAL LEGACY OF THE COLD Operations Support Division, US Professor, Department of History, WAR” Army Environmental Center; University of Pennsylvania; Sue Cosponsored by the Cold War Rebecca Welch, Historian, Office Lamie, Historian, National Park International History Project, of the Secretary of Defense Service, Minuteman Missile Woodrow Wilson Center; The Cold Historical Office; Roger Launius, National Historic Site, SD; Doug War Museum, Fairfax, VA; The Chair, Division of Space History, Lantry, Research Historian, United Association of Air Force Misileers, National Air and Space Museum; States Air Force Museum, Dayton, Breckenridge, CO; The German Jay Thomas, Head, Navy Cultural OH; Art Wolf, Director, Atomic Historical Institute, Washington, Resources Office; Janelle Warren- Testing Museum, Las Vegas, NV. DC; The Harry S. Truman Library, Findley, Co-Director, Graduate Independence, MO. Program in Public History, Arizona Panel V: “International State University. Museum Projects” Welcome and Opening Chair: Bernd Schaefer, Research Remarks Panel III: “Honoring Service, Fellow, German Historical Lee H. Hamilton, President and Interpreting the Past” Institute, Washington, DC. 219

30 YEAR REPORT | CONFERENCES Leonid A. Obukhov, Director, The Faculty of Law, University of Kyiv- Department of English and Gulag Museum at Perm-36, Mohyla Academy; Markian American Literature, Kyiv National Russia; Anne Kaminsky, Executive Bilynskyj, Vice President and Linguistic University, and former Director, Foundation for Coming Director of Field Operations Regional Exchange Scholar, to Terms with the East German (Ukraine), U.S.-Ukraine Kennan Institute; Ihor Solomadin, Dictatorship, Germany; Axel Foundation; Alden Craddock, Doctoral Fellow, Department of Klausmeier, Assistant Professor, Assistant Professor, Division of Theory of Culture and Philosophy Department of Conservation Teaching and Learning, Bowling of Science, Kharkiv National Studies, Brandenburg University Green State University; Olexiy University; Olha Homilko, Senior of Technology, Germany; Karl Haran, Professor, Political Science Research Fellow, Institute of Kleve, Curator and Head of Department and Director, Center Philosophy, National Academy of Research, Norwegian Aviation for National Security Studies, Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv; Museum, Norway; Romulus University of Kyiv-Mohyla Antonina Badan, Associate Rusan, Director, Center for the Academy; former Regional Professor and Chair, Department Study of Communism, Bucharest, Exchange Scholar, Kennan of Business Foreign Language, Romania. Institute; and member, Kennan Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute; Institute Advisory Council; Liudmyla Bordyuk, Associate Panel VI: “Preservation, Antonina Kolodii, Senior Research Professor, Department of Applied Interpretation and Fellow, Institute of Ethnology, Linguistics, Lviv Polytechnic Department of Energy National Academy of Sciences of National University; Tamara Properties” Ukraine, and Fulbright-Kennan Denysova; Senior Research Fellow, Chair: Skip Gosling, Chief Research Scholar, Kennan Institute of Literature, National Historian and Federal Prservation Institute; Myroslav Marynovych, Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Officer, Department of Energy. Vice Rector for External Affairs Kyiv; Olena Ivanova, Chair, Gary Hartman, Cultural Resource and Director, Institute of Religion Department of General Management Coordinator, and Society, Ukrainian Catholic Psychology, Kharkiv National Department of Energy, Oak Ridge University; Nadia McConnell, University; Olha Filippova, Operations Office, Oak Ridge, President, U.S.-Ukraine Associate Professor, Department TN; Kris Mitchell, Department of Foundation, Margaret Paxson, of Social Sciences, National Energy, Pantex Facility, Amarillo, Senior Associate, Kennan Pharmaceutical University, Kharkiv; TX; Gene Weisskopf, B Reactor Institute; Nancy Popson, Senior former Regional Exchange Museum Association, Richland, Associate, Kennan Institute; Scholar, Kennan Institute, and WA. Vsevolod Rechytskiy, Associate member, Ukrainian Alumni Professor of Constitutional Law, Advisory Council, Kennan Tour of the International Spy National Law Academy of Ukraine, Institute; Ivanna Ibrahimova, Museum and Presenations Kharkiv. Doctoral Fellow, Ukrainian Peter Earnest, Executive Director, Academy of State Administration The International Spy Museum; SEPTEMBER 18–21, 2003 of the President of Ukraine, Kyiv; Dennis Barrie, President, The Conference Serhiy Rymarenko, Senior Malrite Company; Kathy Coakley, “UKRAINE—THE PROBLEM Research Fellow, Institute of Vice President of Exhibition OF IDENTITY: INDIVIDUALS, Political and Ethnonational Development, The International Studies, National Academy of THE ECONOMY, AND Spy Museum. Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv; Victor SOCIETY” Susak, Assistant Professor, SEPTEMBER 18–19, 2003 L’viv Department of History and Theory Workshop of Sociology, Lviv National Session I: “Multiculturalism in “LEADERSHIP AND ETHICS University; former Regional Ukraine” IN UKRAINE” Exchange Scholar, Kennan Chairs: Mykhailo Hrodzynskyi, Kyiv Institute; and member, Ukrainian Cosponsored by the U.S.-Ukraine National University; Olena Foundation. Alumni Advisory Council, Kennan Lazorenko, Chief, Consulting- Institute; Tetyana Balabushevych, Analytical Group, League of Participants: Vera Andrushkiw, Associate Professor, University of Professional Women, and former Kyiv-Mohyla Academcy; Oleksandr Project Director, Community Regional Exchange Scholar, Partnerships Project, U.S.-Ukraine Konovets, Professor, Kyiv National Kennan Institute. University, Liudmyla Pavliuk, Foundation; Myroslava Nataliya Vysotska, Professor, 220 Antonovych, Associate Professor, Assistant Professor, Department of

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER Mass Media Language, Lviv Sociology and Social Work, Lviv Welcoming Remarks National University; Nataliya Polytechnic National University. Blair Ruble, Director, Kennan Belitser, Research Fellow, Pylyp Institute; Andrei Kortunov, Orlyk Institute for Democracy, Session III: “Economics in President, ISE Center (Information. Kyiv; Nelli Pobeda, Professor, Ukraine” Scholarship. Education.), Moscow Chair, Department of Sociology, Chair: Mykhailo Kirsenko, Odesa National University. Professor, University of Kyiv- “Introduction: What are the Mohyla Academy. CASEs?” Session II: “The Political Iryna Novak, Senior Research Chair: Blair Ruble, Director, System of Ukraine” Fellow, Institute of Industry Kennan Institute. Chair: Nataliya Belitser, Research Economy, National Academy of Deana Arsenian, Senior Program Fellow, Pylyp Orlyk Institute of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv; Officer, International Peace and Democracy, Kyiv. Mykhailo Borysov, Senior Lecturer, Security Project Carnegie Serhiy Riabov, Professor, Department of Theoretical Corporation of New York; Robert Department of Political Science, Economy, Odesa National Huber, President, National University of Kyiv-Mohyla University; Olha Nosova, Chair, Council for Eurasian and East Academy; Oleksandr Fisun, Department of Economic Theory, European Research; Andrei Associate Professor, Department National University of Internal Kortunov, President, ISE Center of Political Science, Kharkiv Affairs, Kharkiv, and former (Information. Scholarship. National University; former Regional Exchange Scholar, Education.), Moscow; John Regional Exchange Scholar, Kennan Institute; Nataliya Slocum, Co-Director, Initiative in Kennan Institute; and Chair, Medzhybovska, Associate the Russian Federation and Post- Ukrainian Alumni Advisory Professor, Odesa State Economic Soviet States, John D. and Council, Kennan Institute; Olena University; Olha Pyshchulina, Catherine T. MacArthur Lazorenko, Chief, Consulting- Senior Consultant, National Foundation. Analytical Group, League of Institute of Strategic Studies of Professional Women, and former the President of Ukraine, Kyiv; “Siberia and the Russian Far Regional Exchange Scholar, Yuriy Kaliukh, Senior Research East” Kennan Institute; Volodymyr Fellow, Institute of Applied and Chair: Stephen Kotkin, Professor, Fesenko, President, Penta Center System Analysis of the National Department of History, and of Applied Political Studies; Academy of Sciences and the Director, Program in Russian Oleksandr Zaitsev, Associate Ministry of Education of Ukraine, Studies, Princeton University. Professor, Department of Kyiv, and former Regional Vladimir Baranovsky, Deputy Ukrainian History, Ukrainian State Exchange Scholar, Kennan Director, Institute of World Lumber University, Lviv; Maryna Institute; Oleksandr Vyshniakov, Economy and International Shapovalenko, Associate Associate Professor, Odesa Relations, Russian Academy of Professor, Department of National Law Academy, and for- Sciences, Moscow; Tatiana Philosophy and Political Science, mer Regional Exchange Scholar, Skrynnikova, Professor of History National University of Internal Kennan Institute. and Chair, Department of Culture Affairs, Kharkiv; Mykhailo and Art Studies, Insitute for Kirsenko, Professor, University of SEPTEMBER 30–OCTOBER 1, Mongolian, Buddhist, and Tibetan Kyiv-Mohlya Academy; Serhiy 2003 Studies, Institute of Oriental Fedunyak, Associate Professor, Conference Studies, Russian Academy of Department of Political Science “THE INTEGRATION OF Sciences, Irkutsk and Chair, Irkutsk and Sociology, Chernivtsi National RUSSIA INTO THE INTERNA- CASE Academic Council. Univeristy; Olena Yatsunska, TIONAL ACADEMIC COM- Discussant: Nancy Ries, Associate Associate Professor, Department Professor, Department of of Political Science and Sociology, MUNITY: PERSPECTIVES Anthropology, and Director, Peace Mykolayiv Educational and FROM RUSSIAN EDUCA- Studies Program, Colgate Research Center, Odesa National TION AND SCHOLARSHIP” University. University, and former Regional Cosponsored by the ISE Center Exchange Scholar, Kennan (Information. Scholarship. “Cultural Communications Institute; Mykhailo Hrodzynskyi, Education.), Moscow, and the and Tolerance” Professor, Kyiv National University; National Council for Eurasian and Chair: Maria Carlson, Professor, Larysa Klymanska, Associate East European Research. Department of Slavic Languages Professor, Department of and Literature, and Courtesy 221

30 YEAR REPORT | CONFERENCES Professor, Department of History, Department of Social Economics, ISE Center (Information. University of Kansas. Geography and Geopolitics, Scholarship. Education.), Elena Ishchenko, Associate Kaliningrad Sate Univeristy, and Moscow. Professor, Department of Director, Baltic CASE. Robert Huber, President, Philosophy, Voronezh State Discussant: Dan Davidson, Co- National Council for Eurasian University, and Voroznezh CASE Founder and President, and East European Research; Coordinator; Maxim Khomiakov, Ammerican Councils for Blair Ruble, Director, Kennan Director, Institute of Tolerance and International Education: Institute; Gerson Sher, President Comparative Studies in World ACTR/ACCELS, and Professor, and Executive Director, Civilian Civilization, Urals State University, Departments of Russian and Research and Development and Director, Urals CASE; Sergey Second Language Acquisition, Foundation; Tatiana Zhdanova, Kropotov, Professor of Cultural Bryn Mawr College. Co-Director, Initative in the Studies, Urals State University, and Russian Federation and Post- Scientific Director, Urals CASE. “The Future of Russian Soviet States, and Director, Discussant: Nancy Condee, Education and Scholarship” Moscow Office, John D. and Director, Graduate Program for Chair: Robert Huber, President, Catherine T. MacArthur Cultural Studies, University of National Council for Eurasian and Foundation. Pittsburgh. East European Research. Harley Balzer, Associate OCTOBER 8, 2003 “The Nature of Russian Professor, Department of Conference Political Power in Regional Government and International “SPATIAL DIMENSIONS OF Perspectives” Affairs, and Associate Faculty POVERTY IN EASTERN Chair: Jeffrey Hahn, Professor, Member, Department of History, EUROPE AND THE NEWLY Department of Political Science, Georgetown University; former and Director, Russian Area Studies Title VIII-Supported Research INDEPENDENT STATES” Concentration, Villanova Scholar, Kennan Institute; and Cosponsored with the University. member, Kennan Institute Comparative Urban Studies Artem Rykun, Associate Professor Advisory Council; Mark Johnson, Project, Woodrow Wilson Center. and Deputy Chair, Department of Associate Professor, Department Sociology, Tomsk State of History, Colorado College; Welcome Pedagogical University; Galina Andrei Kortunov, President, ISE Blair A. Ruble, Director, Kennan Lashkova, Associate Professor, Center (Information. Scholarship. Institute. Department of Philology, Saratov Education.), Moscow; Mikhail State University, and Chair, Strikhanov, Deputy Minister, “Perspectives on Urban Department of Foreign Ministry of Education of the Poverty” Languages, Saratov Institute of Russian Federation; William Julia Szalai, Head, Department of Business and Information Zimmerman, Professor, Social Policy and Social History, Technology. Department of Political Science, Institute of Sociology, Hungarian Discussant: Robert Orttung, and Research Scientist, Center for Academy of Sciences; Stephen Associate Research Professor, Political Studies, University of Crowley, Associate Professor, Transnational Crime and Michigan. Politics Department, Oberlin Corruption Center, American College. University. Lunch with Keynote Remarks Lee H. Hamilton, President and “Strategies for Poverty “Russia and the West” Director, Woodrow Wilson Alleviation” Chair: Angela Stent, Professor, International Center for Scholars; Elizabeth McKeon, Labor Market Department of Government, and Vartan Gregorian, President, and Social Transition Specialist, Director, Center for Eurasian, Carnegie Corporation of New Europe and Eurasia Bureau, U.S. Russian, and East European York; Mikhail Strikhanov, Deputy Agency for International Studies, Georgetown University. Minister, Ministry of Education of Development; Ellen Hamilton, Sergey Devyatkin, Associate the Russian Federation. Urban Specialist, World Bank; Professor and Chair, Department Anastassia Alexandrova, Project of Philosophical Anthropology, “How Russian Education and Manager, Urban Economics Novgorod State University, and Scholarship Can be Integrated Institute, Moscow. Director, Novgorod CASE; into Global Education Space” 222 Gennady Fedorov, Chair, Chair: Andrei Kortunov, President,

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER OCTOBER 16–17, 2003 Kivler, Analyst, Office of Russian University of Paris-X, Naterre. Title VIII Research Workshop and Eurasian Analysis, Bureau of Elizabeth Teague, Researcher, “CONTEMPORARY AND Intelligence and Research, U.S. Ministry of Defence, United HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVES Department of State; John Kingdom; Ania Krok-Paszkowska, Machado, Analyst, Office of Research Fellow, Robert Schuman ON CONFLICT IN THE FOR- Russian and Eurasian Analysis, Centre, European University MER SOVIET UNION” Bureau of Intelligence and Institute, Florence; Jan Zielonka, Workshop organizer: Mark Katz, Research, U.S. Department of Robert Schuman Centre, Professor of Government and State; Harold Rhode, Analyst, U.S. European University Institute, Politics, Department of Public and Department of Defense; Kate Florence; Stephan Kux, Senior International Affairs, George Watters, Co-founder, Crude Lecturer on Political Science, Mason University, and former Title Accountability, Alexandria, VA. University of Zurich; Rajan Menon, VIII-Supported Research Scholar, Monroe J. Rathbone Professor, Kennan Institute. OCTOBER 16–17, 2003 Department of International Conference Relations, Lehigh University; Participants: Margarita “INTEGRATING RUSSIA Alexander Rahr, Program Director, Balmaceda, Assistant Professor, INTO EUROPE” Koerber Unit, German Council on School of Diplomacy and Co-sponsored with the University Foreign Relations, Berlin; International Relations, Seton Hall of Paris-X, Naterre Alexander Motyl, Associate University, and Associate, Davis Paris Professor of Political Science and Center for Russian Studies and Deputy Director, Center for Ukrainian Research Institute, Introductory remarks Global Change and Governance, Harvard University; Jennifer Cash, Alexander Motyl, Associate Rutgers University. Ph.D. recipient, Department of Professor of Political Science and Anthropology, Indiana University; Deputy Director, Center for NOVEMBER 5–6, 2003 Michele Commercio, Ph.D. candi- Global Change and Governance, Conference date, Department of Political Rutgers University. “ISLAM IN RUSSIA: HISTO- Science, University of Pennsylvania; RY, POLITICS, AND Debra Javeline, Assistant Professor, “French, German, and Department of Political Science, CULTURE” American Perspectives on Rice University; Mary Matthews, Cosponsored by the Middle East Russia-Europe-US Relations” Assistant Professor, Department of Project, Woodrow Wilson Center Chair: Wanda Dressler, Professor, Environmental Science and Policy, University of Paris-X, Naterre University of South Florida, St. Welcoming Remarks Sophia Clement, Institut des Petersburg; Michael Reynolds, Michael Van Dusen, Deputy Sciences Politiques, Paris; Fellow, Olin Institute for Strategic Director, Woodrow Wilson Alexander Rahr, Program Director, Studies, Weatherhead Center for International Center for Scholars. Koerber Unit, German Council on International Affairs, Harvard Foreign Relations, Berlin; Rajan University. “Historical Development of Menon, Monroe J. Rathbone Islam in Russia” Professor, Department of Discussants: Murray Feshbach, Talib Saidbaev, Advisor to the International Relations, Lehigh Senior Scholar, Woodrow Wilson Head Mufti, Spiritual University. Center; Gene Fishel, Senior Administration of Muslims of Discussants: Dov Lynch, Research Analyst, Office of Russian and Russia; Robert Crews, Assistant Fellow, Institute for Security Eurasian Analysis, Bureau of Professor of History, Stanford Studies, Paris; Jutta Scherrer, Intelligence and Research, U.S. University, and former Title VIII- Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Department of State; Candy Supported Research Scholar, Sciences Sociales, Paris; Armand Green, Program Officer, Office of Kennan Institute. Clesse, Director, Luxembourg International Energy and Institute for European and Commodities Policy, Economic “Political Islam and the War in International Studies; Jaques Bureau, U.S. Department of State; Chechnya” Sapir, Ecole des Hautes Etudes en William Hill, Head of Mission, John Dunlop, Senior Fellow, Sciences Sociales, Paris. Organization for Security and Hoover Institution; Aleksei Cooperation in Europe, Moldova, Malashenko, Deputy Director, Presentations of the working and former Public Policy Scholar, Carnegie Moscow Center. group Woodrow Wilson Center; Kelly Chair: Wanda Dressler, Professor, 223

30 YEAR REPORT | CONFERENCES America; and the U.S.-Ukraine Foundation

“Famine—Known and Unknown” Chair: Blair A. Ruble, Director, Kennan Institute. Yuri Shapoval, Center for Historical and Political Studies, Institute of Political and Ethnonational Studies, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv; James Mace, Professor of Political Science, National University of Kyiv-Mohyla Academy; Abbott Gleason, Senior Fellow, Watson Institute for International Studies, and Professor, Department of History, Brown University.

“International Reception of the Ukrainian Famine” Chair: Nadia Diuk, Director, Central Europe and Eurasia, National Endowment for Democracy. Gene Fishel, Senior Analyst, Bureau of Intelligence and Research, Office of Russian and Eurasian Analysis, U.S. Department of State; Leonard Leshuk, independent researcher, Washington, D.C.

“Famine as a Weapon and Lessons for Prevention of Genocide, Atrocities, and Ethnic Cleansing” Chair: Kathleen Kuehnast, Research Associate, Institute for Tomsk. Wooden house, Belinsky Street 19. (Photo: William Brumfield) Russian, European and Eurasian Studies, George Washington itle VIII- “Emergence of Islamic College; Radik Amirov, Head of University; former T Identity Among Russian Press Service, Russian Council of Supported Research Scholar, Muslims” Religious Affairs. Kennan Institute; and Member, Kennan Institute Advisory Council. Shireen Hunter, Director, Islam Frank Chalk, Professor, Program, Center for Strategic and NOVEMBER 13, 2003 Department of History, and Co- International Studies; Rustem Conference Director, Montreal Institute for Shukurov, Associate Professor of “THE UKRAINIAN MAN- Genocide and Human Rights History, Moscow State University. MADE FAMINE OF Studies, Concordia University, 1932–1933” “Introduction of Islam into Montreal; David Marcus, inde- Cosponsored by the Embassy of Political and Public Life” pendent researcher, San Ukraine to the United States; the Francisco; Gregory Stanton, Kate Graney, Assistant Professor Ukrainian Congress Committee of President, Genocide Watch. 224 of Government, Skidmore

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER Conclusion Title VIII-Supported Research FEBRUARY 27, 2004 Paula Dobriansky, Under Scholar, Kennan Institute. Conference Secretary of State for Global “REFORMISM IN RUSSIAN Affairs, U.S. Department of State. FEBRUARY 23, 2004 ISLAM: PAST AND PRE- Conference SENT” Film Screening at the “HEALTH CRISIS: HIV/AIDS Moscow Embassy of Ukraine to the IN DEVELOPING WORLD Cosponsored by the Institute of United States CITIES” Oriental Studies, Russian “Famine 33,” Directed by Oles Cosponsored with the Academy of Sciences, Moscow. Yanchuk. Comparative Urban Studies Project and Environmental Introductory Remarks NOVEMBER 14–15, 2003 Change and Security Project, Anatoly Egorin, Deputy Director, Title VIII Research Workshop Woodrow Wilson Center. Institute of Oriental Studies, “MULTICULTURAL LEGACIES Russian Academy of Sciences, IN RUSSIA AND UKRAINE” Introductory Remarks Moscow. Workshop Organizers: Joseph Tulchin, Co-director, Dominique Arel, Associate Comparative Urban Studies “Reformism in Russian Islam: Professor, School of Political Project, and Director, Latin Historical Aspects” Studies, University of Ottawa; America Program, Woodrow Farid Assadulin, Head, Blair A. Ruble, Director, Kennan Wilson Center. Department of Science and Institute. Relations with Public Services, Participants: Mikhail Alexseev, “Global Resources: HIV/AIDS Moscow Mufti Office; Mikhail Associate Professor, Political in Urban Areas” Roshchin, Senior Researcher, Science Department, San Diego Chair: Marcos Cueto, Fellow, Institute of Oriental Studies, State University; Helen Faller, Woodrow Wilson Center. Russian Academy of Sciences, Ph.D. candidate, Department of Alexandria Panehal, Director, Moscow; Dmitry Arapov, Dean, Anthropology, University of Office of Urban Programs, USAID; Department of History, Moscow Michigan, Ann Arbor; Elise Arachu Castro, Director, Institute State University. Giuliano, Assistant Professor, for Health and Social Justice, Political Science Department, Partners in Health; Ronald “Reformism in Russian Islam: University of Miami, and former MacInnis, Technical Advisor, Prospects” Title VIII-Supported Short-Term USAID; Nina Schuler, Urban Lyubov’ Goryaeva, Senior Scholar, Kennan Institute; Dmitry Poverty Specialist, Urban Researcher, Institute of Oriental Gorenburg, Director of Russian Development Unit, World Bank. Studies, Russian Academy of and East European Programs, Sciences, Moscow; Sharif Shukurov, Center for Naval Analyses, “National Level and Head, Department of Comparative Alexandria, VA, and Fellow, Community-Based Cultural Studies, Institute of Woodrow Wilson Center; Approaches to HIV Oriental Studies, Russian Academy Alexandra Hrycak, Assistant Prevention” of Sciences, Moscow; Leonid Professor, Department of Chair: Ellen Brennan-Galvin, Syukiainen, Professor and Leading Sociology, Reed College, and for- Lecturer and Senior Research Researcher, Institute of State and mer Title VIII-Supported Short- Scholar, Environment School, Law, Russian Academy of Sciences, Term Scholar, Kennan Institute; Yale University. Moscow; Rafael Khakimov, State Steven Seegel, Ph.D. candidate, Paulo Lyra, HIV/AIDS Advisor to the President of the Russian and European History Communications Advisor, World Republic of Tatarstan, and Director, Department, Brown University; Health Organization; Sue Simon, Institute of History of Tatarstan, Oxana Shevel, Ph.D. candidate, Associate Director, International Kazan; Sergei Gardirovsky, Chief Department of Government, Harm Reduction Development Advisor to the Plenipotentiary Harvard University; Catherine Program, Open Society Institute; Representative of the President of Wanner, Assistant Professor, Lane Porter, Advisor, the Russian Federation, Volga Department of History and International Health Law and Federal Distirct, Nizhny Novgorod. Religious Studies Program, Human Rights, The Futures Pennsylvania State University; Paul Group International/POLICY Closing Remarks Werth, Assistant Professor, History Project. Vladimir Alpatov, Deputy Director, Department, University of Institute of Oriental Studies, Nevada, Las Vegas and former 225

30 YEAR REPORT | CONFERENCES Russian Academy of Sciences, Participants: Beth Admiraal, Religion and World Affairs, Moscow. Professor of Political Science, Assistant Professor, Department Lynchburg College; Peter L. of International Relations, Boston MARCH 25, 2004 Berger, University Professor University; Lawrence Uzzell, KENNAN INSTITUTE Emeritus, Director, Institute on President, International Religious ANNUAL DINNER Religion and World Affairs, and Freedom Watch; Philip Walters, National Press Club Professor of Sociology and Head of Research, Keston Theology, Boston University; Institute, Oxford, England; James Speaker: The Honorable Colin L. James Billington, Librarian of Warhola, Professor of Political Powell, Secretary of State Congress and former Director, Science, University of Maine; Woodrow Wilson Center; Andrej Zubov, Professor of Honorary Co-Chairs: The Archpriest Vsevolod Chaplin, Philosophy, Moscow State Honorable Madeleine Albright; Vice-chairman, Department of Institute of International The Honorable James A. Baker III; External Church Relations, Relations. The Honorable Warren Moscow Patriarchate of the Christopher; The Honorable Jim Russian Orthodox Church, Russia; MARCH 25–28, 2004 Collins; The Honorable Lawrence Wallace Daniel, Dean, College of Symposium S. Eagleburger; The Honorable Arts and Sciences, Baylor “2004 CAUCASUS REGION- Alexander M. Haig, Jr.; The University; Brigit Farley, Associate AL POLICY SYMPOSIUM” Honorable Arthur Hartman; The Professor of History, Washington Sheperdstown, WV Honorable Henry A. Kissinger; State University, Tri-Cities; Perry Cosponsored by the International The Honorable Jack F. Matlock, Glazner, Assistant Professor, Research and Exchanges Board, Jr.; The Honorable Robert S. School of Education, Baylor Washington, D.C. Strauss; The Honorable George P. University; Nicholas Gvosdev, Shultz; The Honorable Malcolm Executive Editor, The National Opening Dinner Toon; The Honorable Yuri V. Interest, Senior Fellow, Institute Speaker: B. Lynn Pascoe, Deputy Ushakov. for Strategic Studies, The Nixon Assistant Secretary for European Center, and Senior Fellow, and Eurasia Affairs, U.S. Dinner Chairman: The Honorable Institute for Religion and Public Department of State. Thomas R. Pickering Policy; Kimmo Kääriäinen, Dinner Co-Charis: Len Blavatnik; Research Institute of the Presentations James C. Langdon, Jr. Evangelic Lutheran Church of Discussion Leaders: Douglas Benefactors: Access Industries, Finland; Vyacheslav Karpov, Blum, Professor, Department of Inc.; Akin Gump Strauss Hauer & Professor of Sociology, Western Political Science, Providence Feld; The Boeing Company; BP; Michigan University; Ann College; Jamsheed Choksy, Lukoil; The Sputnik Group; Kleimola, Professor of History, Professor, Department of Central VimpelCom University of Nebraska, Lincoln; Eurasian Studies, Indiana Patrons: Alfa-Bank; Chevron Gregory Kliucharev, Academic University, Bloomington; Paula Texaco; The Kennan Family; The Secretary, Institute of Complex Garb, Associate Director of Scowcroft Group Sociological Research, Russian International Studies and Sponsors: A La Vieille Russie; Academy of Science, Moscow; Associate Adjunct Professor, Baker & Botts LLP; ExxonMobil; Zoe Knox, Research Associate, Department of Anthropology, Moncrief Oil International School of Languages, Cultures University of California, Irvine; and Linguistics, Monash Gerard Libaridian, Visiting MARCH 25–26, 2004 University, Australia; Christopher Professor, Department of History, Workshop Marsh, Director of Asian Studies University of Michigan, Ann and Professor of Political Science, “ORTHODOXY AND THE Arbor; Nayereh Tohidi, Research Baylor University; Inna Naletova, CONSTRUCTION OF CIVIL Associate, Center for Near Ph.D. candidate, Boston Eastern Studies, University of SOCIETY AND DEMOCRACY University; Irina Papkov, Ph.D. California, Los Angeles; Associate IN RUSSIA” candidate, Department of Professor, Department of Cosponsored by the Institute on Government, Georgetown Women’s Studies, California State Religion and World Affairs, Boston University; Margaret Paxson, University, Northridge; and for- University and the College of Arts Senior Associate, Kennan mer Title VIII-Supported Research and Science, Baylor University. Institute; Elizabeth Prodromou, Scholar, Kennan Institute. 226 Associate Director, Institute on

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER Presenters: Walter Comins- Languages, Pepperdine mer Regional Exchange Scholar, Richmond, Adjunct Assistant University, and Title VIII- Kennan Institute; and Member, Professor, Department of German Supported Research Scholar, Russian Alumni Advisory Council, and Russian, Occidental College; Kennan Institute; Timothy Kennan Institute; Margaret Kyle Evered, Assistant Professor, Heleniak, Project Officer, UNICEF Paxson, Senior Associate, Kennan Department of Geography and Innocenti Research Centre, Institute; Anna Poplavko, U.S. Geology, Illinois State University; Florence, Italy, and former Title Embassy Official. Elizabeth Frombgen, Assistant VIII-Supported Research Scholar, Professor, Department of Political Kennan Institute; Seema Iyer, Plenary Session Science, Hastings College; Faculty Lecturer, Department of Anatolii Adamishin, Senior Nariman Gasimoglu, Fulbright City and Regional Planning, Research Fellow, Institute of Visiting Scholar from the Republic University of Pennsylvania; Idil Europe, Russian Academy of of Azerbaijan, Georgetown Izmirli, Ph.D. candidate, Institute Sciences, Moscow, and former University; Julie George, M.A. for Conflict Analysis and Public Policy Scholar, Woodrow candidate, Department of Resolution, George Mason Wilson Center; Denis Dragunskii, Government, University of Texas, University; Anthony Kolb, Ph.D. Director, National Project Institute, Austin; Armine Ishkanian, Lecturer, candidate in Environmental Moscow, and Editor in Chief, Centre for Civil Society, London Sciences and Engineering, Kosmopolis. School of Economics; Asbed Univeristy of North Carolina, and Kotchikian, Postdoctoral candi- Operational Research Film Screening date, Department of Political Coordinator, Medecins Sans “Russian America,” directed by Science, Boston University; Eric Frontiers, Tashkent, Uzbekistan; Evgenii Borzov. Lepisto, Ph.D. candidate, Andrei Korobkov, Assistant Teacher’s College, Columbia Professor, Department of Political Section I: “Cultural-Moral University; Daniel Moses, Lecturer, Science, Middle Tenessee State Foundations of Russian- Department of Social Studies, University; Eric Lohr, Assistant American Relations” Harvard University; Matthew Professor of History, American Chairs: William Smirnov, Professor Schmidt, Ph.D. candidate, University; Ruth Mandel, Lecturer, and Chair, Department of Political Department of Government, Department of Anthropology, Science, Institute of State and Georgetown University; Erik Scott, University College London, and Law, Russian Academy of Program Manager, Center for the former Title VIII-Supported Short- Sciences, Moscow, and former Study of Transnational Crime and Term Scholar; Margaret Paxson, Galina Starovoitova Fellow on Corruption, American Unviersity; Senior Associate, Kennan Human Rights and Conflict Christoph Stefes, Assistant Institute; J. Otto Pohl, Ph.D. can- Resolution, Kennan Institute; Professor, Department of Political didate, Department of History, Ol’ga Volkogonova, Professor, Science, University of Colorado, School of Oriental and African Department of Management, Denver. Studies, University of London; Moscow State University, and for- Andrew Robarts, Ph.D. candidate, mer Regional Exchange Scholar MARCH 28–29, 2004 Department of History, and Short-Term Scholar, Kennan Title VIII Research Workshop Georgetown University; Peter Institute; Liudmilla Popkova, “IMMIGRATION, FORCED Sinnott, Adjunct Assistant Associate Professor, Department MIGRANTS, AND REFUGEES Professor of International Affairs, of Foreign History, Samara State Harriman Institute, Columbia University. IN CENTRAL EURASIA” University, Erin Trouth, Program Ol’ga Volkogonova, Professor, Workshop Organizers: Cynthia Assistant, Kennan Institute. Department of Management, Buckley, Associate Professor, Moscow State University, and for- Department of Sociology, JUNE 2–4, 2004 mer Regional Exchange Scholar University of Texas, Austin; Blair A. Alumni Conference and Short-Term Scholar, Kennan Ruble, Director, Kennan Institute. Golitsyno, Russia Institute; Artur Demchuk, Associate Professor, Department Participants: Rafis Abazov, “RUSSIAN-AMERICAN of Philosophy, Moscow State Adjunct Lecturer, Harriman RELATIONS IN THE CON- University; Larisa Nikovskaia, Institute, Columbia University; TEXT OF GLOBALIZATION” Head Research Fellow, Institute of Bruce Adams, Professor of History, Sociology, Russian Academy of University of Louisville; Alexander Opening Remarks Sciences; Aleksandr Romashov, Diener, Assistant Professor, Center Aleksandr Kubyshkin, Professor, Assistant Professor, Cheliabinsk for International Studies and Volgograd State University; for- 227

30 YEAR REPORT | CONFERENCES Novosibirsk State Institute for Continuing Education and Retraining of Education Workers.

Section II: “Russian-American Relations through the Lens of History” Chairs: Denis Dragunskii, Director, National Project Institute, Moscow, and Editor in Chief, Kosmopolis; Ivan Kurilla, Associate Professor and Ph.D. candidate, Department of Area Studies and International Relations, Volgograd State University, and former Regional Exchange Scholar, Kennan Institute. Ivan Kurilla, Associate Professor and Ph.D. candidate, Department of Area Studies and International Relations, Volgograd State Kolarovo (Tomsk Region). Church of the Savior. (Photo: University, and former Regional William Brumfield) Exchange Scholar, Kennan Institute; Vasilii Vanchugov, State Pedagogical University; Regional Exchange Scholar, Professor, Department of History Liudmilla Popkova, Associate Kennan Institute; Nikita Pokrovskii, of Philosophy, and Vice-Dean of Professor, Department of Foreign Professor, Higher School of School of Humanities and Social History, Samara State University; Economics, Moscow; Grigory Sciences, Russian State People’s Aleksandr Altunian, Vice-Dean, Kliucharev, Professor and Chair, Friendship University; Viktoriia Department of Journalism, Department of Issues of Zhuravleva, Associate Professor, International University, Moscow, Uninterrupted Education and Department of General History, and former Regional Exchange Information Technology, Institute Russian State Humanities Scholar, Kennan Institute; Tat’iana of Complex Social Research, University; Svetlana Tret’iakova, Iakushkina, Ph.D. candidate, Russian Academy of Sciences, Associate Professor, Department Department of History of Foreign Moscow; Marina Karaseva, of Psychology and Pedagogy, St. Literature, St. Petersburg State Professor, P. I. Tchaikovsky State Petersburg State University of University; Galina Alekseeva, Head Conservatory, Moscow; Viktor Maritime Technology; Aleksandr of Academic Research Karandashev, Professor, Petrov, Senior Research Fellow, Department, State Memorial Department of General and Institute of World History, Russian Museum of Lev Tolstoy, and former Pedagogical Psychology, Academy of Sciences, and former Regional Exchange Scholar, Volgagrad State Pedagogical Regional Exchange Scholar, Kennan Institute; Ol’ga University; Sherri McCarthy, Kennan Institute; Oleg Ken, Chistiakova, Chair, Department of Professor, Volgagrad State Instructor and Academic the Humanities, Kuban State Pedagogical University, St. Secretary, European University, University, Novorossiisk; Anatoly Petersburg State University, and St. Petersburg, and former Krasikov, Director, Center for Social University of North Arizona; David Regional Exchange Scholar, and Religious Studies, Institute of O’Brien, Professor, University of Kennan Institute; Oleg Riabov, Europe, Russian Academy of Missouri, Columbia, and Valerii Professor, Ivanovo State Sciences, Moscow, and former Patsiorkovskii; Anna Polukhina, University; Olga Bolshakova, Galina Starovoitova Fellow on Senior Instructor, Department of Research Fellow, Institute for Human Rights and Conflict Social Sciences and Technologies, Scientific Information in the Resolution, Kennan Institute; Iulii Marii State Technical University, Social Sciences, Russian Stavropol’skii, Assistant Professor, Ioshkar-Ola; Ruben Agavelian, Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Department of Psychology, Saratov Chair, Department of Special and former Regional Exchange 228 State University, and former Education and Psychology, Scholar, Kennan Institute;

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER Aleksandr Kubyshkin, Chair, USA and Canada, Russian State Economic University; Ol’ga Department of Area Studies and Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Shlykova, Professor, Department of International Relations, and former Regional Exchange Virtual Communications, Moscow Volgograd State University; Boris Scholar, Kennan Institute; Igor’ State University of Culture and Art; Lanine, Professor of Philosophy, Alikperov, Associate Professor, Svetlana Tikhonova, Consultant on All-Russian State Tax Academy Department of Economic Theory, Public Affairs, Piatigorsk State and Russian Academy of Urals State Pedagogical Linguistics University; Vladimir Education, and former Regional University; Rozaliia Ibragimova, Boiko, Director, Laboratory of Exchange Scholar, Kennan Associate Professor, Ivanovo State Russia and the East, and Associate Institute; Aleksandr Okun’, University; Vladimir Lobovikov, Professor, Barnaul State Associate Professor, Department Professor and Head Research Pedagogical University; Ol’ga of Foreign History, Samara State Fellow, Division of Law, Institute of Iakovleva, Senior Instructor, University; Iuliia Khmelevskaia, Philosophy and Law, Ural Division, Department of Social Psychology, Associate Professor, Department Russian Academy of Sciences, Omsk State University; Vladimir of World History, Cheliabinsk Ekaterinburg; Igor’ Tiukhov, Iakimets, Head Research Fellow, State University; Vladimir Deputy Chair, Department of Institute of Systems Analysis, Kostornichenko, Lecturer, Renewable Energy Resources and Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute for Retraining and the Electrification of Agriculture, Moscow, former Regional Continuing Education of All-Russian Institute for the Exchange Scholar, Kennan Institute, Teachers in the Humanities and Electrification of Agriculture, and Member, Russian Alumni Social Sciences, Moscow State Moscow; Anatolii Maslak, Vice- Advisory Council, Kennan Institute; University, and former Regional Rector for Scientific Research, Tat’iana Klepikova, Associate Exchange Scholar, Kennan Slaviansk-na-Kubani State Professor, Irkutsk State Technical Institute; Boris Shpotov, Head Pedagogical Institute; Dmitrii University. Research Fellow, Institute of Galkin, Associate Professor, World History, Russian Academy Department of Theory and History Session V: “The War on of Sciences, Moscow; Natalia of Culture, Tomsk State University. Terrorism: Russian and Reshetova, Ph.D. candidate, American Approaches” Institute of Russian History, Session IV: “Cooperation and Chairs: Emil Payin, Director, Center Russian Academy of Sciences, Conflict in the Post-Soviet for the Study of Xenophobia and Rostov-na-donu, and former Space” Extremism, Institute of Sociology, Short-Term Scholar, Kennan Chairs: Vladimir Iakimets, Head Russian Academy of Sciences, and Institute. Research Fellow, Institute of former Galina Starovoitova Fellow Systems Analysis, Russian Academy on Human Rights and Conflict Session III: “Geopolitical and of Sciences, Moscow, former Resolution, Kennan Institute; Sergei Economic Aspects of Regional Exchange Scholar, Baburkin, Professor, Department of Contemporary Russian- Kennan Institute, and Member, World History, Yaroslavl’ State American Relations” Russian Alumni Advisory Council, Pedagogical University, and former Chairs: Viktor Supian, Professor Kennan Institute; Revekka Regional Exchange Scholar, and Deputy Director, Institute of Voulfovich, Professor, Department Kennan Institute. the USA and Canada, Russian of State and Municipal Emil Payin, Director, Center for the Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Management, Northwestern Study of Xenophobia and and former Regional Exchange Academy of State Service, St. Extremism, Institute of Sociology, Scholar, Kennan Institute; Olga Petersburg; former Regional Russian Academy of Sciences, and Butorina, Head of Sector, Center Exchange Scholar, Kennan Institute, former Galina Starovoitova Fellow for European Integration, Institute and Member, Russian Alumni on Human Rights and Conflict of Europe, Russian Academy of Advisory Council, Kennan Institute. Resolution, Kennan Institute; Sergei Sciences, Moscow. Revekka Voulfovich, Professor, Baburkin, Professor, Department of Valerii Konyshev, Senior Lecturer, Department of State and Municipal World History, Yaroslavl’ State St. Petersburg State University; Management, Northwestern Pedagogical University, and former Olga Butorina, Head of Sector, Academy of State Service, St. Regional Exchange Scholar, Center for European Integration, Petersburg; former Regional Kennan Institute; Aleksandr Institute of Europe, Russian Exchange Scholar, Kennan Institute, Khodnev, Professor and Chair, Academy of Sciences, Moscow; and Member, Russian Alumni Department of World History, Viktor Supian, Professor and Advisory Council, Kennan Institute; Yaroslavl’ State Pedagogical Deputy Director, Institute of the Natal’ia Vlasova, Professor, Urals University, and former Regional 229

30 YEAR REPORT | CONFERENCES Exchange Scholar, Kennan Institute; Reference Guide for Conservation Panel 4: “Integration vs. Liudmila Petrova, lawyer, St. and Development. Isolation—Northeast Asia’s Petersburg City Collegium of Approach to Russia” Lawyers; William Smirnov, Professor Panel 2: “RFE-Asia Energy Trade Chair: Robert Hathaway, Director, and Chair, Department of Political as an Engine of Integration: Not Asia Program, Woodrow Wilson Science, Institute of State and Law, a Done Deal” Center. Russian Academy of Sciences, Chair: Paul Rodzianko, Senior Vice Gilbert Rozman, Musgrave Moscow, and former Galina President, Access Industries, Inc. Professor of Sociology, Princeton Starovoitova Fellow on Human Shawn McCormick, Vice President, University; Elizabeth Wishnick, Rights and Conflict Resolution, International Affairs, TNK-BP; Research Associate, Weatherhead Kennan Institute; Andrei Suslov, Michael Bradshaw, Professor and East Asian Institute, Columbia Senior Research Fellow, Institute of Head, Department of Geography, University; Daniel B. Poneman, History and Archeology, Ural University of Leicester; Marshall Principal, Scowcroft Group. Division of the Russian Academy of Goldman, Kathryn W. Davis Sciences, Perm; Liudmila Erokhina, Professor of Soviet Economics, SEPTEMBER 16–19, 2004 Lead Researcher, Vladimir Center Wellesley College, and Associate Alumni Conference for the Study of Crime; Natal’ia Director, Davis Center for Russian “UKRAINE’S NATIONAL Ivanova, Associate Professor, and Eurasian Studies, Harvard SECURITY” Department of Psychology, University; Nicholas Eberstadt, Chernihiv, Ukraine Yaroslavl’ State Pedagogical Henry Wendt Chair in Political University; Petr Vaganov, Professor, Economy, American Enterprise Opening Session Department of Ecological Institute. Blair A. Ruble, Director, Kennan Geography, St. Petersburg State Institute; Dolores Highlander, University. Concluding remarks Deputy Cultural Affairs Officer, Jeffrey L. Miller, Senior Vice U.S. Embassy to Ukraine; Marta JULY 22–23, 2004 President and Head of Export Bohachevsky-Chomiak, Director, Conference Finance, Export-Import Bank of Fulbright Exchange Program in “RUSSIA IN ASIA—ASIA IN the United States. Ukraine; Viktor Tkanko, Deputy RUSSIA: ENERGY, ECONOM- Chair, Chernihiv Regional State Day 2: Asia and its Russian ICS, AND REGIONAL RELA- Administration; Volodymyr Boiko, Neighbor TIONS” Director, Center for Advanced Training of Public Officials, Cosponsored with the Asia Introductory remarks Program, Woodrow Wilson Center. Chernihiv; Serhiy Lepiavko, Robert Sutter, Visiting Professor, Professor, Chernihiv State Department of Government, Pedagogical University, and Chair, Day 1: The Russian Far East in Georgetown University, and for- Asia Siver Institute of Regional Studies; mer National Intelligence Officer Volodymyr Kovalenko, Chair, for East Asia and the Pacific, U.S. Department of History, Chernihiv Introductory Remarks National Intelligence Council. Gene Lawson, President, U.S.- State Pedagogical University; Russia Business Council. Oleksandr Fisun, Associate pro- Panel 3: “Customers, fessor, Kharkiv National University; Competitors, and Partners— Panel 1: “Conditions and former Regional Exchange Energy Relations in Northeast Scholar, Kennan Institute; and Prospects in the Russian Far Asia and Russia” East” Chair, Ukrainian Alumni Advisory Chair: Robert Manning, Senior Council, Kennan Institute. Chair: Blair A. Ruble, Director, Counselor, Energy, Technology Kennan Institute. and Science Policy, Office of Alexander Fedorovsky, Head of Panel I: “Social Factors of Policy Planning, U.S. Department Ukraine’s National Security” Section, Pacific Studies, Institute of State. of World Economy and Chair: Serhiy Fedunyak, Associate James Dorian, international ener- Professor, Department of Political International Relations, Moscow; gy economist, Washington, D.C.; Robert Orttung, Associate and Social Sciences, Chernivtsi Joseph Ferguson, Director of National University Research Professor, Transnational Northeast Asia Studies, National Crime and Corruption Center, Kolodii, Senior Research Fellow, Bureau of Asian Research; John Department of Contemporary American University; Josh Newell, Fetter, President, FSI Energy. author, The Russian Far East: A Ethnology, Institute of Ethnology, 230 National Academy of Sciences of

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER Ukraine, L’viv, and former Research Center, Odesa National Iryna Novak, Senior Research Fulbright-Kennan Institute University, and former Regional Fellow, Institute of Demography Research Scholar, Kennan Exchange Scholar, Kennan and Social Studies, National Institute; Nataliya Belitser, Institute; Yuriy Shepetukha, Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Research Fellow, Pylyp Orlyk Senior Research Fellow, Kyiv; Serhiy Slukhai, Associate Institute for Democracy, Kyiv; International Research and Professor, Taras Shevchenko Kyiv Liudmyla Pavliuk, Assistant Training Center of Information National University; Liubov Bohun, Professor, Department of Technologies and Systems of the Associate Professor, Odesa Journalism, Lviv National National Academy of Sciences Institute of Business and Law; University, Yuriy Kalyukh, Senior and Ministry of Education of Andriy Kovalenko, Senior Research Fellow, Institute of Ukraine, Kyiv, and former Research Fellow, Council of Applied and System Analysis, Regional Exchange Scholar, Studies of Ukraine’s Productive National Academy of Sciences of Kennan Institute. Forces, National Academy of Ukraine, Kyiv, and former Regional Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv; Tetiana Exchange Scholar, Kennan Panel III: “External Factors in Hardashuk, Senior Research Institute; Viktor Stepanenko, Ukraine’s National Security” Fellow, Institute of Philosophy, Department Chair, Institute of Chair: Viktor Stepanenko, National Academy of Sciences of Sociology, National Academy of Department Chair, Institute of Ukraine, Kyiv; Oleksandr Zahniy, Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, and for- Sociology, National Academy of Doctoral Fellow, Council of mer Fulbright-Kennan Institute Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, and for- Studies of Ukraine’s Productive Research Scholar, Kennan mer Fulbright-Kennan Institute Forces, National Academy of Institute; Ivanna Ibrahimova, Research Scholar, Kennan Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv. Doctoral Fellow, National Institute. Academy of State Government, Serhiy Fedunyak, Associate Roundtable Discussion: “The Office of the President of Ukraine, Professor, Department of Political Concept of National Security Kyiv. and Social Sciences, Chernivtsi of Ukraine” National University; Serhiy Chair: Antonina Kolodii, Senior Panel II: “State and Political Lepiavko, Professor, Chernihiv Research Fellow, Department of Factors of Ukraine’s National State Pedagogical University, and Contemporary Ethnology, Institute Security” Director, Siver Institute of of Ethnology, National Academy Chair: Ivanna Ibrahimova, Regional Studies; Serhiy Kurbatov, of Sciences of Ukraine, L’viv, and Doctoral Fellow, National Associate Professor, Sumy State former Fulbright-Kennan Institute Academy of State Government, University; Oleksandr Vyshniakov, Research Scholar, Kennan Office of the President of Ukraine, Associate Professor, Odesa Institute. Kyiv. National Law Academy, and for- Oleksandr Fisun, Associate pro- mer Regional Exchange Scholar, OCTOBER 29–31, 2004 fessor, Kharkiv National Kennan Institute; Viktor Conference University; former Regional Pasisnychenko, Associate INTELLIGENTSIA: RUSSIAN Exchange Scholar, Kennan Professor, Department of Social AND SOVIET SCIENCE ON Institute; and Chair, Ukrainian and Political Science, Kharkiv THE WORLD STAGE, Alumni Advisory Council, Kennan State Pedagogical University, and Institute; Maryna Shapovalenko, former Regional Exchange 1860–1960 Associate Professor, Department Scholar, Kennan Institute; Cosponsored by the University of of Philosophy and Political Volodymyr Novik, Director, Georgia. Science, National University of Department for Nationalities and Athens, GA Internal Affairs, Kharkiv; Olena Migration, Kyiv City Lazorenko, independent Administration, and former Short- Welcome researcher, Kyiv, and former Term Scholar, Kennan Institute. Betty Jean Craige, Director, Regional Exchange Scholar, Center for Humanities and Arts, Kennan Institute; Myroslava Panel IV: “Economic Factors University of Georgia; Margaret Antonovych, Doctoral Fellow, of Ukraine’s National Paxson, Senior Associate, Kennan Associate Professor, University of Security” Institute; Loren R. Graham, Kyiv-Mohyla Academy; Olena Chair: Myroslava Antonovych, Professor of the History of Yatsunska, Associate Professor, Doctoral Fellow, Associate Science, Massachusetts Institute Department of Social and Political Professor, University of Kyiv- of Technology. Sciences, Mykolayiv Training and Mohyla Academy. 231

30 YEAR REPORT | CONFERENCES Omsk. Tobolsk Gate, Omsk Fortress. (Photo: William Brumfield)

Panel I Hopkins University; Nathan Dibner Institute, Massachusetts Simon Werrett, Assistant Professor Brooks, Professor, Department of Institute of Technology. of History, University of History, New Mexico State Washington; Konstantin Ivanov, University; Olga Elina, Institute for Panel VII Tula State Pedagogical University; the History of Science and Susan Smith-Peter, Professor, Joseph Bradley, Professor of Technology, Russian Academy of Department of History, College of History, University of Tulsa. Sciences, Moscow. Staten Island/CUNY; Benjamin Nathans, Associate Professor of Panel II Lunch Lecture History, University of Pennsylvania. Elizabeth Hachten, Department of Jonathan Coopersmith, Associate History, University of Wisconsin- Professor, Department of History, Panel VIII Madison; Kirill Rossiyanov, Texas A&M University Trude Maurer, Professor, Institute for the History of Science Department of Philosophy, and Technology, Russian Academy Panel V Universitat Gottingen, Germany; of Sciences, Moscow; Lloyd Anna Krylova, Assistant Professor, Baichun Zhang, Institute for Ackert, Library Intern, Yale Department of History, Duke History of Natural Sciences, University. University; Olival Freire, Jr., China; Elizabeth Bishop, Lecturer, Professor, Federal University of Department of History, University Panel III Bahia, Salvador, Brazil, and of Texas at Austin. Olga Valkova, Institute for the Visiting Scholar, Dibner Institute, History of Science and Massachusetts Institute of Panel IX Technology, Russian Academy of Technology. Elizabeth English, Associate Sciences, Moscow; Elizabeth Professor, College of Haigh, Professor of History, St. Panel VI Engineering, Louisiana State Mary’s University. James T. Andrews, Associate University; Chris Bissell, Professor Professor of History, Iowa State of Telematics and Head, Panel IV University; Asif A. Siddiqi, Ph.D. Department of Information and Daniel Todes, Professor, History of candidate, Department of History, Communications Technologies, Medicine Department, Johns Carnegie Mellon University; Slava Open Univeristy, UK; Sonja 232 Gerovitch, Research Affiliate, Schmid, Ph.D. candidate, Science

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER and Technology Studies, Cornell Regional Exchange Scholar, Emeritus, Department of History, University. Kennan Institute; Alex Pravda, University of Washington, and for- Director, Russian and Eurasian mer Secretary, Kennan Institute. NOVEMBER 8, 2004 Studies Centre, St. Antony’s Seminar College, Oxford University; Reports from Panel Co-Chairs: RUSSIA’S REENGAGEMENT Alexander Rahr, Program Director, Russian Studies in the 21st WITH THE WEST: Korber Unit, German Council on Century Foreign Relations, Berlin; Blair A. Stephen E. Hanson, Associate TRANSFORMATION AND Ruble, Director, Kennan Institute; Professor, Department of Political INTEGRATION IN A NEW Yuri Senokosov, Director, Publishing Science, and Director, Russian, ERA Program, Moscow School of East European, and Central Asian Chatham House, London Political Studies; Lilia Shevtsova, Studies Program, Jackson School Cosponsored by the Royal Senior Associate, Carnegie of International Studies, University Institute of International Affairs, Moscow Center; Angela Stent, of Washington; Patricia Cloherty, the Center for Global Change and National Intelligence Officer for Investment division, Delta Capital; Governance, Rutgers University, Russia and Eurasia, National Angela Stent, National and the Department of Politics, Intelligence Council, and Director, Intelligence Officer for Russia and University of Glasgow. Center for Eurasian, Russian, and Eurasia, National Intelligence East European Studies, Council, and Director, Center for Roy Allison, Head, Russia and Georgetown University; Elizabeth Eurasian, Russian, and East Eurasia Programme, Royal Teague, Researcher, Ministry of European Studies, Georgetown Institute of International Affairs, Defense, United Kingdom; Jan University; Gerson Sher, Founding UK; Deana Arsenian, Senior Zielonka, Professor of Political President and Advisory Council Program Officer, International Science, European University Member, Civilian Research and Peace and Security Project, Institute, Florence. Development Foundation; Andrei Carnegie Corporation of New Kortunov, President, ISE-Center York; Bojana Blagojevic, Research NOVEMBER 17–20, 2004 (Information. Scholarship. Assistant, Center for Global Conference Education.), Moscow. Change and Governance, Rutgers THE RUSSIAN STUDIES University; Pilar Bonet, correspon- SYMPOSIUM: OPENING Breakout Session #1: dent, El Pais, Moscow, and former Discussion Moderated by DOORS IN THE DECADE Research Scholar, Kennan Panel Co-Chairs Institute; Sophia Clement, AHEAD Blair A. Ruble, Director, Kennan Institute of Political Science, Paris; Seattle, WA Institute; Patricia Cloherty, Joseph Dresen, Program Associate, Cosponsored by the Russian, East Investment Division, Delta Capital; Kennan Institute; Philip Hanson, European, and Central Asian Angela Stent, National Professor of the Political Economy Studies Program, University of Intelligence Officer for Russia and of Russia & Eastern Europe, Washington; the Henry M. Eurasia, National Intelligence University of Birmingham; Stephan Jackson Foundation; the Institute Council, and Director, Center for Kux, Senior Lecturer on Political for Russian-American Economic Eurasian, Russian, and East Science, University of Zurich; Cooperation; and the Title VIII European Studies, Georgetown Margot Light, Professor of Program of the U.S. Department University; Gerson Sher, Founding International Relations, London of State. President and Advisory Council School of Economics; Jerzy Member, Civilian Research and Mackow, Chair of Comparative Opening Lecture Development Foundation. Politics, University of Regensburg; Jack F. Matlock, Jr., former U.S. Alexander Motyl, Associate Ambassador to the USSR. Breakout Session #2: Key Professor of Political Science and Problems for Russian Studies Deputy Director, Center for Global Welcome and Introductions Angela Stent, National Change and Governance, Rutgers Anand Yang, Director, Jackson Intelligence Officer for Russia and University; Elena Nemirovskaya, School of International Studies, Eurasia, National Intelligence Director, Moscow School of Political University of Washington; Lara Council, and Director, Center for Studies; Oleksandr Pavliuk, Senior Iglitzin, Executive Director, Henry Eurasian, Russian, and East External Co-operation Officer, M. Jackson Foundation; Blair A. European Studies, Georgetown Office of the Secretary General, Ruble, Director, Kennan Institute; University; Patricia Cloherty, OSCE, Vienna, and former Herbert J. Ellison, Professor investments, Delta Capital; Blair 233

30 YEAR REPORT | CONFERENCES A. Ruble, Director, Kennan Institute; Brookings Institution; George President, ISE-Center Andrei Kortunov, President, ISE- Kolt, former Analyst, CIA; George (Information. Scholarship. Center (Information. Scholarship. Russell, Russell 20-20. Education.), Moscow. Education.), Moscow; Gerson Sher, Founding President and Advisory Reports from Panel Co-Chairs: Open Discussion: “Where Do Council Member, Civilian Research “How Should Russia We Go From Here?” and Development Foundation. Specialists Influence Policy?” Herbert J. Ellison, Professor Angela Stent, National Emeritus, Department of History, Public Welcome Intelligence Officer for Russia and University of Washington, and for- Stephen E. Hanson, Associate Eurasia, National Intelligence mer Secretary, Kennan Institute; Professor, Department of Political Council, and Director, Center for Aleksei Arbatov, Corresponding Science, and Director, Russian, East Eurasian, Russian, and East Member, Academic Council, European, and Central Asian European Studies, Georgetown Institute for World Economics and Studies Program, Jackson School of University. International Studies (IMEMO), International Studies, University of Moscow; Robert Huber, President, Washington. Reports from Panel Co-Chairs: National Council on Eurasian and “The Challenge of Fundraising East European Research, and for- “Russian Studies Then and and Funding Priorities in the mer Guest Scholar, Woodrow Now: Personal Stories and U.S. and Russia” Wilson Center; Andrei Illiaronov, Case Studies” Blair A. Ruble, Director, Kennan Advisor to the President of the Strobe Talbott, President, Institute; Andrei Kortunov, Russian Federation.

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KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER PUBLICATIONS

The Institute and the Woodrow Wilson Center are philosophically and operationally committed to broad dissemination of the research they sponsor by means of:

Books: commercially-published studies on specialized topics, including research monographs and essay collections.

Reference Volumes: commercially published reference guides to archives and resources in the United States and abroad.

Conference Reports: summaries of major conferences, often including a collection of the papers presented at conference sessions.

Special Reports: booklets that summarize research findings intended for general dissemination or document the history of the Institute and its programs.

Kennan Briefs: short, policy-relevant reports by workshop participants and resident scholars.

Occasional Papers: reports on completed research projects or works in progress. Submitted by resident scholars and visiting speakers, these papers are normally longer than standard journal articles and are aimed primarily at an audience of specialists. An average of 4-6 Occasional Papers are published each program year.

Meeting Reports: single-page summaries of those Institute meetings and talks of greatest rele- vance to the general public and the policymaking community. Once produced for almost all lectures held at the Institute, the Institute now publishes two such reports for each month in which public events are held at the Institute.

Publications in Moscow and Kyiv: The Kennan Moscow and Kennan Kyiv Projects maintain their own publications programs, publishing books, conference materials, and reports in Russian and Ukrainian. In 2002, the Kennan Moscow Project began publishing a biannual academic journal entitled Vestnik Instituta Kennana, which features reports from Kennan Institute events in Russia, articles by Kennan alumni, and interviews with prominent figures. Vestnik Instituta Kennana has become The Kennan Moscow Project’s most important publication. A similar journal is planned for the Kennan Kyiv Project in the upcoming year.

With the exception of books and reference volumes, all Institute publications are offered to the public free of charge and are routinely distributed to individuals, university libraries, and 235

30 YEAR REPORT | PUBLICATIONS companies throughout the United States, Europe, Russia, and other states in the region. Many Occasional Papers and Meeting Reports are also available on the Institute’s web site. Meeting Reports are the heart of the Institute’s publication program. Together with the Institute’s monthly Calendar, in 2004 these reports were received by a readership that exceeded 6,400. This readership includes scholars and other researchers at universities and research institutions worldwide, as well as U.S. government officials and professionals such as lawyers and businessmen. Far and above the most popular publication the Institute produces, Meeting Reports are used widely in college classrooms in the United States and serve to keep scholars and professionals throughout the United States, Europe, Latin America, Asia, Russia, Ukraine, and other successor states to the USSR, in touch with current research in the field.

Books

Beissinger, Mark R. and Brumfield, William Craft, Boris V. Perspectives. Ames, IA: Iowa Crawford Young, eds. Beyond Anan’ich, and Yuri A. Petrov, State University Press, 1990.** State Crisis? Postcolonial Africa eds. Commerce in Russian Urban and Post-Soviet Eurasia in Culture 1861–1914. Washington, Hahn, Jeffrey W., ed. Regional Comparative Perspective. D.C.: Woodrow Wilson Center Russia in Transition: Studies from Washington, D.C.: Woodrow Press; and Baltimore, MD: Johns Yaroslavl’. Washington, D.C.: Wilson Center Press; and Hopkins University Press, 2001. Woodrow Wilson Center Press; Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins and Baltimore, MD: Johns University Press, 2001. Brumfield, William Craft and Hopkins University Press, 2001. Blair A. Ruble, eds. Russian Billington, James H. Russia in Housing in the Modern Age: Herlemann, Horst, ed. Quality of Search of Itself. Washington, D.C.: Design and Social History. New Life in the Soviet Union. Boulder, Woodrow Wilson Center Press; York, NY: Cambridge University CO: Westview Press, 1987.** and Baltimore, MD: Johns Press, 1993. Hopkins University Press, 2004. Hughes, Robert P., and Olga Czaplicka, John J. and Blair A. Raevsky-Hughes, eds. Christianity Black, Larry; Joan Ruble eds. with Lauren Crabtree, and the Eastern Slavs. Volume I: DeBardeleben; and Peter J. Composing Urban History and the Slavic Cultures in the Middle Stavrakis, eds. Beyond the Constitution of Civic Identities. Ages. Berkeley, CA: California Monolith: The Emergence of Washington, D.C.: Woodrow Slavic Studies XVI, University of Regionalism in Post-Soviet Russia. Wilson Center Press; and California Press, 1993.** Washington, D.C.: Woodrow Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins Wilson Center Press; and University Press, 2003. Kahan, Arcadius and Blair A. Baltimore, Maryland: Johns Ruble, eds. Industrial Labor in the Hopkins University Press, 1997. Ellison, Herbert J., ed. Japan and U.S.S.R. New York, NY: Pergamon the Pacific Quadrille: The Major Press, 1979. ** Bonet, Pilar. Figures in a Red Powers in East Asia. Boulder, CO: Landscape. Washington, D.C.: Westview Press, 1987. Kalicki, Jan H., and Eugene K. Woodrow Wilson Press; and Lawson, eds. Russian-Eurasian Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins Gleason, Abbott, Peter Kenez, Renaissance? U.S. Trade and University Press, 1993. and Richard Stites, eds. Investment in Russia and Eurasia. Bolshevik Culture: Experiment Washington, D.C.: Woodrow Brumfield, William C., ed. and Order in the Russian Wilson Center Press, and Reshaping Russian Architecture: Revolution. Bloomington, IN: Stanford, CA: Stanford University Western Technology, Utopian Indiana University Press, 1985. Press, 2003. Dreams. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press, 1990. Gray, Kenneth R., ed. Soviet Katz, Mark, ed. The USSR and 236 Agriculture: Comparative Marxist Revolutions in the Third

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER World. Cambridge, England: Rozman, Gilbert; Seizaburo Shnirel’man, Viktor A., Who Gets University of Cambridge Press, Sato; and Gerald Segal, eds. the Past? Competition for 1990. Dismantling Communism: Ancestors among Non-Russian Common Causes and Regional Intellectuals in Russia. Kuehnast, Kathleen and Carol Variations. Washington, D.C.: Washington, D.C.: Woodrow Nechemias, eds. Post-Soviet Woodrow Wilson Center Press; Wilson Center Press; and Women Encountering Transition: and Baltimore, MD: Johns Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins Nation-Building, Economic Hopkins University Press, 1992.** University Press, 1995. Survival, and Civic Activism. Washington, D.C.: Woodrow Ruble, Blair A., Money Sings: The Starr, S. Frederick, ed. Russia’s Wilson Center Press; and Changing Politics of Urban Space American Colony. Durham, NC: Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins in Post-Soviet Yaroslavl’. Duke University Press, 1987. University Press, 2004. Washington, D.C.: Woodrow Wilson Center Press; and Suny, Ronald Grigor, ed. Millar, James R. and Sharon L. Cambridge, England: Cambridge Transcaucasia: Nationalism and Wolchik, eds. The Social Legacy of University Press, 1995. Social Change. Ann Arbor, MI: Communism. Washington, D.C.: Michigan Slavic Publications, Woodrow Wilson Center Press; and Ruble, Blair A., Second 1983. ** Cambridge, England: Cambridge Metropolis: Pragmatic Pluralism in University Press, 1994. Gilded Age Chicago, Silver Age Taranovski, Theodore, ed. Moscow, and Meiji Osaka. Reform in Modern Russian O’Brien, David J., and Stephen K. Washington, D.C.: Woodrow History. Washington, D.C.: Wegren, eds. Rural Reform in Post- Wilson Center Press; and New Woodrow Wilson Center Press; Soviet Russia. Washington, D.C.: York, NY: Cambridge University and Cambridge, England: Woodrow Wilson Center Press; and Press, 2001. Cambridge University Press, 1995. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2002. Ruble, Blair A., Second Valenta, Jiri, and Herbert J. Metropolis: Pragmatic Pluralism in Ellison, eds. Grenada and Orlovsky, Daniel, ed. Beyond Gilded Age Chicago, Silver Age Soviet/Cuban Policy: Internal Soviet Studies. Washington, D.C.: Moscow, and Meiji Osaka (paper- Crisis and U.S./OECS Woodrow Wilson Center Press, back edition). Washington, D.C.: Intervention. Boulder, CO: 1995. Woodrow Wilson Center Press; Westview Press, 1986.** and Baltimore, MD: Johns Parrott, Bruce, ed. The Dynamics Hopkins University Press, 2004. Zhuk, Sergei I. Russia’s Lost of Soviet Defense Policy. Reformation: Peasants, Washington, D.C.: Woodrow Ruble, Blair A., Jodi Koehn, and Millenialism, and Radical Sects in Wilson Center Press, 1990. Nancy Popson, eds. Fragmented Southern Russia and Ukraine, Space in the Russian Federation. 1830-1917. Washington, D.C.: Ragsdale, Hugh, ed. Imperial Washington, D.C.: Woodrow Woodrow Wilson Center Press; Russian Foreign Policy. Wilson Center Press; and and Baltimore, MD: Johns Washington, D.C.: Woodrow Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins Hopkins University Press, 2004. Wilson Center Press; and University Press, 2001. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press, 1993. Schimmelpenninck van der Oye, David and Bruce W. Menning, Rimer, J. Thomas, ed. A Hidden eds. Reforming the Tsar’s Army: Fire: Russian and Japanese Military Innovation in Imperial Encounters, 1868–1926. Russia from Peter the Great to the Washington, D.C.: Woodrow Revolution. Washington, D.C.: Wilson Center Press; and Stanford, Woodrow Wilson Center Press; CA: Stanford University Press, and New York, NY: Cambridge 1995. University Press, 2004.

** Publication no longer in print. 237

30 YEAR REPORT | PUBLICATIONS Reference Volumes

Bashkina, Nina, et al, eds. The Washington, D.C.: Woodrow the Soviet Union: The Academy United States and Russia: The Wilson Center Press; and of Sciences of the USSR and the Beginning of Relations, Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins Academies of Sciences of the 1765–1815. Washington, D.C.: University Press, 1994. Union Republics. Robert Mdivani, U.S. Government Printing Office, Viktor Pliushchev, Vadim 1980. (Also published in Russian Grant, Steven A., and John H. Milshtein, comps. Armonk, NY: in the USSR). ** Brown, eds. The Russian Empire M.E. Sharpe Inc., 1985.** and Soviet Union: A Guide to Grant, Steven A., ed. Scholars’ Manuscripts and Archival Teeter, Mark H., Robert Mdivani, Guide to Washington, D.C. for Materials in the United States. Viktor Pliushchev, Blair A. Ruble, Russian/Soviet Studies. Boston, MA: G.K. Hall & Co., Lev Skvortsov, and Wesley Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian 1981. ** Fisher, eds. A Scholars’ Guide to Institution Press, 1977. ** Humanities and Social Sciences in Grimsted, Patricia Kennedy, A the Soviet Successor States: The Grant, Steven A., Scholars’ Handbook for Archival Research Academies of Sciences of Russia, Guide to Washington, D.C. for in the USSR. Washington D.C.: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Russian/Soviet Studies: The Baltic Kennan Institute and International Estonia, Georgia, Kazakhstan, States, Byelorussia, Central Asia, Research and Exchanges Board, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldavia, Russia, Transcaucasia, 1989.** Moldova, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, the Ukraine. 2d ed., rev. Bradford Ukraine, and Uzbekistan. Armonk, P. Johnson and Mark H. Teeter, Ruble, Blair A., et al, eds. Soviet NY: M.E. Sharpe, Inc., 1993. eds. Washington, D.C.: Research Institutes Project, 3 Smithsonian Institution Press, vols., and Supplement to Volumes Zlotnik, Marc D., ed. A Scholars’ 1983. ** I & II. Washington, D.C.: Guide to Sources of Support for Woodrow Wilson International Research in Russian and Soviet Grant, Steven A., Scholars’ Center for Scholars, 1980-81. ** Studies. Washington, D.C.: Guide to Washington, D.C., for Kennan Institute, 1979. ** Russian, Central Eurasian, and Ruble, Blair A. and Mark H. Baltic Studies. 3d ed., rev. Teeter, eds. A Scholars’ Guide to William E. Pomeranz, ed. Humanities and Social Sciences in

Conference Reports

Conference on the Study of Toward Prevention of Future U.S.-Soviet Exchanges. Central Asia. Washington, D.C.: Grenadas. Washington, D.C.: Washington, D.C.: Woodrow Woodrow Wilson International Woodrow Wilson International Wilson International Center for Center for Scholars, 1983. ** Center for Scholars, 1984.** Scholars, 1985.**

Evolving Patterns in U.S.-Soviet Soviet Military Presence in East The USSR and Marxist Revolutions Relations, 1933–1986. Asia and the Pacific: Implications in the Third World. Washington, Washington D.C.: Woodrow for Future Western Policy. D.C.: Woodrow Wilson Wilson International Center for Washington, D.C.: Woodrow International Center for Scholars, Scholars, 1987.** Wilson International Center for 1987.** Scholars, 1985.** German-American Papers on the The Warsaw Pact and the Gorbachev Reform Program. The Soviet Union and Eastern Question of Cohesion. Washington, D.C.: Kennan Europe in the World Economy. Washington, D.C.: Woodrow Institute, 1989.** Washington, D.C.: Woodrow Wilson International Center for Wilson International Center for Scholars, 1985.** Soviet/Cuban Strategy in the Scholars, 1986.** 238 Third World after Grenada:

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER Special Reports

Abele, Daniel, Soviet Scholars at Braichevska, Olena; Halyna Kennan, George F., On Russian the Kennan Institute, 1975–1991, Volosiuk; Olena Malynovska; Society and U.S.-Soviet Relations. 1st ed. Washington, D.C.: Yaroslav Pylynskyi; Nancy Washington, D.C.: Woodrow Woodrow Wilson International Popson; and Blair A. Ruble. Wilson International Center for Center for Scholars, 1991.** Nontraditional Immigrants in Kyiv. Scholars, 1987. Washington, D.C.: Woodrow Abele, Daniel and Thomas Wilson International Center for Raynes, Evan. A., ed. Mahalek, comps. Soviet Scholars Scholars, 2004. Contemporary Soviet Society: at the Kennan Institute, Values and Lifestyles. Washington, 1975–1991, 2d ed. Washington, Clem, James and Nancy Popson, D.C.: Woodrow Wilson D.C.: Woodrow Wilson eds. Ukraine and Its Western International Center for Scholars, International Center for Scholars, Neighbors. Washington, D.C.: 1986.** 1992.** Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, 2001. Raynes, Evan A., ed. An Abele, Daniel and Tuija Paunio, Introduction to Soviet Cinema. comps. Directory of the Kennan Culture/Kultura: Russian Influences Washington, D.C.: Woodrow Institute, 1975–1992. Washington, on American Performing Arts and Wilson International Center for D.C.: Woodrow Wilson Sports. Washington, D.C.: Scholars, 1987. International Center for Scholars, Woodrow Wilson International 1992. Center for Scholars, 2004. Richmond, Yale, Soviet-American Cultural Exchanges: Ripoff or Architecture and the New Urban Kennan, George F., On Russian Payoff? Washington, D.C.: Environment: Influences on Diplomacy in the 19th Century Woodrow Wilson International Modernism in Russia and the and the Origins of World War I. Center for Scholars, 1984.** USSR. Washington, D.C.: Washington, D.C.: Woodrow Woodrow Wilson International Wilson International Center for Center for Scholars, 1988. Scholars, 1986.

Kennan Briefs

Graney, Kate, “Democratization Tohidi, Nayereh, “Women, and Gender Politics in Post- Democratization, and Islam in Soviet Russia: The View from Post-Soviet Azerbaijan.” July Tatarstan,” Kate Graney. August 2002. 2002. Werner, Cynthia, “The Rise of Ishkanian, Armine, “Making Non-Consensual Bride International NGO Partnerships Kidnapping in Kazakhstan: Work: Lessons from an American- Developing a Culturally-Informed Armenian Collaboration.” August and Gender-Sensitive Response.” 2002. August 2002.

Johnson, Janet Elise, and Dianne Post, “Violence against Women in Post-Soviet States: Ingali (Omsk Region). Log house. (Photo: Foreign Assistance Makes a William Brumfield) Difference.” August 2002.

** Publication no longer in print. 239

30 YEAR REPORT | PUBLICATIONS Occasional Papers

#1. The Structure and #12. The National Politics of #25. Leningrad: A Political Composition of the Soviet Labor Policy: The Soviet History, 1934-53, Kenneth A. Industrial Labor Force, Murray Government’s Role in Allocating Kerst (1977). Feshbach (1977). Its Labor Force, Philip Grossman (1977). #26. Fonvizin, Russia, and Europe, #2. Recent Trends in the Soviet Charles A. Moser (1978). Industrial Wage Structure, Janet #13. Spontaneous Workers’ G. Chapman (1977). Activity in the Soviet Union, Alex #27. Chapter XIII from “An Pravda (1977). Introduction to Nineteenth- #3. The Role of the Factory Trade Century Russian Slavophilism.” A Union Committee in Defense of #14. The International Activities of Study in Ideas, Volume III, by K. Workers’ Legal Rights, Blair A. the Soviet Trade Unions, S. Aksakov, Peter K. Christoff Ruble (1977). Benjamin Martin (1977). (1976).

#4. The Role of the Factory Trade #15. Models of Socialist #28. Interdependence and/or Union Committee in Agriculture: The Soviet Case in Security? A Soviet Dilemma, Administration of Welfare Historical Perspective, James R. Walter Clemens (1977). Benefits, Bernice Madison (1977). Millar (1976). #29. The Social Background of #5. Workers and Technical #16. Comparative Output and Stalinism, Moshe Lewin (1977). ** Management in the USSR, Productivity of U.S. and Soviet Rennselaer W. Lee, III (1977). Agriculture, Douglas B. Diamond #30. Dumping Oils: Soviet Art (1976). Sales and Soviet-American #6. The Female Industrial Labor Relations, 1928–1933, Robert C. Force: Dilemmas, Reassessments, #17. Theory and Practice of Williams (1977). and Options in Current Policy Soviet Collective Agriculture, D. Debates, Gail W. Lapidus (1977). Gale Johnson (1975). #31. Soviet Income Maintenance Programs in the Struggle against #7. Income of Families of Soviet #18. The Politics of Achieving Poverty, Bernice Madison (1978.) Workers: Economic Normative Meaningful Arms Control, and Sociological Aspects, Aaron Herbert Scoville, Jr. (1977). #32. The Second Currency in the Vinokur (1977). Soviet Union: On the Use of #19. Coping with MIRV in a MAD Checks in “Valuta-Rubles” by #8. The Soviet Worker at Home: World, William C. Potter (1977). Soviet Citizens, Dietrich Andre A Sociological Perspective, Loeber (1978). Mervyn Matthews (1977). #20. Diversity in Unity: Eurocommunism and the Soviet #33. Russia as a Great Power, #9. The Soviet Worker: Social Union, Jan F. Triska (1977). 1709–1856: Reflections on the Stratification and Political Problem of Relative Perceptions, Walter Connor #21. Survey of American Backwardness, with Special (1977). Reportage on the Soviet Union, Reference to the Russian Army Daniel Field (1976). ** and Russian Society, Walter M. #10. The Industrial Workers in the Pintner (1978). Soviet Union: Some of Their #22. Troublemakers in Uniform, Social Problems, Arcadius Kahan Vera S. Dunham (1977). #34. The USSR and the Sources of (1977). Soviet Policy (1978). #23. Labor for Farm and Factory, a) The USSR and the USA, #11. Absenteeisms: Moods 1945-53, Arcadius Kahan William G. Hyland around the Waning Theme of the (1977). ** b) The USSR and the Third World, Worker as Hero in Recent Soviet William H. Luers Literature, Vera S. Dunham #24. The Westward Expansion of c) The USSR and Ruling (1977). the USSR, John A. Armstrong Communist Parties, Klaus 240 (1977). Mehnert

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER d) The Internal Role of the #41. Internal and External Balance #52. Socializing for Modernization Soviet Military, Roman in a Centrally Planned Economy, in a Multi-Ethnic Elite, John A. Kolkowicz Richard Portes (1978). Armstrong (1978). e) Soviet Military Capabilities: Status and Trends, W. Y. Smith #42. The Impact of External #53. Notes on Entrepreneuership f) The Domestic Economy, Economic Disturbances on the in Russia and the “Russification” Gregory Grossman Internal Politics of Eastern of Foreign Enterprise, Walther g) The Soviet Union and the Europe: The Polish and Hungarian Kirchner (1978). World Economy, Herbert S. Cases, Sarah Meiklejohn Terry Levine and Andrzej Korbonski (1978). #54. Organizing for Innovation in h) Population and Manpower the 1970s, Paul Cocks (1978). Trends in the USSR, Murray #43. The Energy Crisis, Western Feshbach “Stagflation,” and the Evolution #55. Foreign Participation in i) Soviet Attitudes and Values: of Soviet-East European Russian Economic Life: Notes on Current Perspectives, Alexander Relations: An Initial Assessment, British Enterprise, 1865–1917, Dallin William Zimmerman (1978). Fred V. Carstensen (1978). j) Soviet Attitudes and Values: Prospects for the Future, James #44. The Impact of External #56. The Party as Manager and H. Billington Economic Disturbances on Poland Entrepreneur, Gregory Grossman k) The Apparatus of Power, Jerry since 1971, Zbigniew M. (1978). F. Hough Fallenbuchl (1978). #57. Notes on Jewish #35. The Human Sciences as a #45. The Impact of Global Entrepreneurship in Tsarist Russia, Self-Defeating and Subversive Stagflation on the Hungarian Arcadius Kahan (1978). Venture, David Joravsky (1978). Economy, Alan Brown and Marton Tardos (1978). #58. Management of Agricultural #36. The International Estates in Tsarist Russia, Transmission of Economic #46. Economic Policy of the 1861–1914, Olga Crisp (1978). Disturbances: A Framework for Tsarist Government and Comparative Analysis, Laura Entrepreneurship in Russia at the #59. The Scientific-Technological D’Andrea Tyson and Peter P. End of the 19th and Beginning of Revolution: Economic to Scientific Kenen (1978). the 20th Century, B. V. Anan’ich Determinism? Cyril E. Black (1979). (1978). #37. The Sensitivity of the Soviet #60. The Caucasus Region and Economy to Foreign and #47. Economic Innovation and Relations with the Central Domestic Economic Shocks, Economic Management, David Government, Firuz Kazemzadeh Steven Rosefielde (1978). Granick (1978). (1979).

#38. External Inflation, the #48. The Soviet Farm Manager as #61. Azerbaidzhan, Alexandre Balance of Trade and Resource an Entrepreneur, Roy A. Laird Bennigsen (1979). Allocation in Small Centrally and Betty A. Laird (1978). Planned Economies, Thomas A. #62. Transcaucasia within the Wolf (1978). #49. Entrepreneurs and Economy of the USSR: A Entrepreneurship in Preliminary Assessment, Gertrude #39. The Soviet-Type Economy as Sixteenth–Seventeenth Century E. Schroeder (1979). a Generator of Economic Russia, Samuel H. Baron (1978). Disturbances, Colin Lawson and #63. Soviet Armenia, Gerard J. Peter Wiles (1978). #50. The Red/Expert Debate: Libaridian (1979). Continuities in the #40. The Impact of External State/Entrepreneur Tension, #64. Soviet Georgia in the Economic Disturbances on Gregory Guroff (1978). Seventies, Ronald Grigor Suny Yugoslavia: Theoretical and (1979). Empirical Explorations, Laura #51. Russian Industrialists during D’Andrea Tyson and Egon World War I: The Interaction of #65. U.S.-Soviet Trade: Can It Be Neuberger (1978). Economics and Politics, Ruth A. Salvaged? Should It Be? Arthur T. Roosa (1978). Downey (1979). 241

30 YEAR REPORT | PUBLICATIONS #66. Little Known Bibliographic A. Preobrazhenskii (1979), in Russian Empire, 1826–32, George and Archival Materials on Russian Russian. A. Bournoutian (1980). America, Richard A. Pierce (1979). #78. Labor Markets in the USSR, #92. The Turkic Peoples and #67. The Russian-American David Granick (1979). Caucasia, Peter B. Golden Company and the Imperial (1980). Government, Mary E. Wheeler #79. The Expansion of Soviet (1979). Science, Blair A. Ruble (1980). #93. Nationalism and Social Class in the Russian Revolution: The #68. Economic Foundations of #80. Reflections on the Planning Cases of Baku and Tiflis, Ronald Russian America, Winston of Old and New Cities in the Grigor Suny (1980). Sarafian (1979). USSR, Jack A. Underhill (1979). #94. Economic Development and #69. The Architecture and #81. Urban Forms and Political Reform in Baku: The Settlements of Russian America, Infrastructure in the Soviet Union, Response of the Azerbaidzhani Anatole Senkevitch, Jr. (1979). Thomas M. Poulsen (1979). Bourgeoisie, Audrey Altstadt (1980). #70. Russian Dependence upon #82. Housing in Central Asia: the Natives of Russian America, Demography, Ownership, #95. Mikoyan, Stalin, and the James R. Gibson (1979). Tradition. The Uzbek Example, Struggle for Power in Michael Rywkin (1979). Transcaucasia, 1919–22, Stephen #71. The United States, Russia, Blank (1980). and Russian-America, Howard I. #83. Building Materials and Kushner (1979). Components, Robert E. Philleo #96. National Consciousness and (1979). Political Orientations in #72. Russian Expansion in Siberia Azerbaijan, 1905–20, Tadeusz and America: Critical Contrasts, #84. USSR Practices in Heat and Swietochowski (1980). James R. Gibson (1979). Power Supply, William Diskant (1979). #97. The Origins of Caucasian #73. How the Russians Became Civilization: The Christian Interested in the “Unknown” #85. Soviet Building Design and Component, R. W. Thomson Shores of the American Construction, Robert R. Ramsey (1980). Northwest, B. P. Polevoi (1979). (1979). #98. Viceroy Vorontsov’s #74. Relations between the Tsarist #86. Soviet Construction under Administration of the Caucasus, L. Government and the Russian- Difficult Climatic Conditions, H. Rhinelander (1980). American Company in Andrew Assur (1979). 1857–1867, A. I. Martynov #99. Caucasian Armenia between (1979), in Russian and English. #87. Recent Reforms in the Soviet Imperial and Soviet Rule: The Housing Construction Process, Interlude of National #75. Russian America and Henry W. Morton (1979). Independence, Richard G. International Relations from the #88. Modeling Housing Demand Hovannisian (1980). 18th to the First Half of the 19th for Soviet Cities, David Segal #100. The Transformation of Centuries, N. N. Bolkhovitinov (1979). Armenian Society under Stalin, (1979), in Russian. Mary Kilbourne Matossian #89. The Political Economy of (1980). #76. Russian America in the Soviet New Towns, Timothy J. Personal Archival Collections of Colton (1979). #101. Transcaucasia Since Stalin: Leaders of the Russian-American The Economic Dimension, Company (Ivan Kuskov, Kirill #90. The Emergence of Political Gertrude Schroeder Greenslade Khlebnikov, Ferdinand Wrangel), Society in Georgia, Ronald (1980). S. G. Fedorova (1979), in Russian. Grigor Suny (1980). #102. Population Redistribution #77. Documents on Alaska and #91. The Population of Persian and the Ethnic Balance in the Russian-American Company in Armenia Prior to and Immediately Transcaucasia, Brian D. Silver 242 the Collection of G. V. Iudin, A. Following its Annexation to the (1980).

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER #103. Azerbaijan: The Foreign #115. Regional Dimensions of the from the Ukraine, Kenneth R. Influences, Chantal Lemercier- “Second Economy” in the USSR, Gray (1981). Quelquejay (1980). Gertrude Schroeder Greenslade (1980). #128. The Effects of the Private #104. Britain and the Sector on the Labor Behavior of Transcaucasian Nationalities dur- #116. Books in the Soviet Second Soviet Collective Farmers, Clark ing the Russian Civil War, Artin H. Economy, Keith Bush (1980). Chandler (1981). Arslanian (1980). #117. The Second Economy of #129. Production Functions and #105. Iran and Caucasia, Nina G. Rural China, Anita Chan and Soviet Agriculture: Differences in Garsoian (1980). Jonathan Unger (1980). Technology by Type of Farm, Michael L. Wyzan (1981). #106. Revolution and Liberation #118. Enforcement of Law and in the Programs of the the Second Economy, Stanislaw #130. Rural Living Standards in Dashnaktsutine, 1892 and 1907, Pomorski and George Ginsburgs the Soviet Union, Gertrude E. Gerard J. Libaridian (1980). (1980). Schroeder (1981).

#107. Nationalisme et Socialisme #119. Beria, His Enemies, and #131. Why Did NEP Fail? Mark dans le Mouvement Their Georgian Clienteles, Harrison (1981). Révolutionnaire Arménien, 1949–1953, Charles H. 1887–1912, Anahïde Ter Fairbanks, Jr. (1980). #132. Two Views on Soviet Minassian (1980), in French. Collectivization of Agriculture, #120. The Western Borderlands James R. Millar (1981). #108. Second and First of the Russian Empire, Economies and Economic 1710–1870, Edward Thaden #133. Contradictions of Reforms, Igor Birman (1980), in (1980). Revolution: Juvenile Crime and Russian. Rehabilitation, Peter H. Juviler #121. The Origins of the Soviet (1981). #109. Private Entrepreneurs and Press, Peter Kenez (1980). the Communist Political Machine: #134. The Civil War as a A Hungarian Case Study, Kalman #122. Moscow’s Moves in the Formative Experience, Sheila Rupp (1980). Direction of the Gulf: So Near Fitzpatrick (1981). and Yet So Far, Karen Dawisha #110. Corruption in a Soviet-Type (1981). #135. The Provisional Economy: Theoretical Government and Its Cultural Considerations, J. M. Montias #123. Demography and Soviet Work, Daniel Orlovsky (1981). and Susan Rose-Ackerman Society: Social and Cultural (1980). Aspects, Murray Feshbach #136. The Cultural Revolution, (1981). David Joravsky (1981). #111. The Second Economy and Corruption at the District Level, #124. Agro-Industrial Complexes: #137. Lenin’s Bolshevism as a Konstantin Simis (1980). Recent Structural Reform in the Culture in the Making, Robert C. USSR Rural Economy, Valentin Tucker (1981). #112. Repressed Inflation and Litvin (1981). Price Controls in the Soviet #138. Discontinuity in the Spread Household Sector, Joyce #125. A Reevaluation of Soviet of Popular Print Culture, Pickersgill (1980). Agricultural Production in the 1917–1927, Jeffrey Brooks 1920s and 1930s, S. G. (1981). #113. The Second Economy in Wheatcroft (1981). Consumer Goods and Services, #139. Theater and Revolution: Dennis O’Hearn (1980). #126. Changes in the Soviet From Cult to Proletkul’t, Lars Model of Rural Transformation, Kleberg (1981). #114. Private Foreign Exchange Alfred Evans, Jr. (1981). Markets in Eastern Europe and #140. The Birth of the New Soviet the USSR, Jan Vanous (1980). #127. Improved Agricultural Woman, Barbara Evans Location? Econometric Evidence Clements (1981). 243

30 YEAR REPORT | PUBLICATIONS Green, James H. Seroka, Paul Shoup, and Laura D’Andrea Tyson (1981).

#158. Solution in Afghanistan: From Swedenization to Finlandization, Jagat Singh Mehta (1981).

#159. The End of Ethnic Integration in Southern Central Asia, Edward Allworth (1981).

#160. The Performance of the Soviet Economy: Past, Present, and Future, Franklyn D. Holzman (1982).

#161. The Paperscape: A View from the Flag Tower of the Smithsonian Institution Building. An Attempt at Introspection; or Omsk. Cossack Cathedral of St. Nicholas. (Photo: William Brumfield) How Some Stack of Paper Turns into a Russian Novel, Vassily Aksyonov (1982). #141. Village Women Experience #149. Housing for the Masses, the Revolution, Beatrice Anatole Kopp (1981). #162. Dialectics in Contemporary Farnsworth (1981). Soviet Philosophy, James P. #150. The Utopian and the Scanlan (1982). #142. Films without Film: The Heroic: Divergent Paths to the Birth Pangs of Soviet Cinema, Communist Ideal, James C. #163. The Soldiers’ Plebiscite: Richard Taylor (1981). McClelland (1981). Soviet Power and the Committee Revolution at the Front, #143. Myth and Authority in Early #151. Artists and Bureaucrats, October–November, 1917, Allan Soviet Culture, Robert C. Christine Lodder (1981). ** K. Wildman (1982). Williams (1981). #152. Utopia and Experiment in #164. Moscow: Urban Politics and #144. Lenin and the Freedom of the Russian Revolution: Some Policy under Stalin, Timothy J. the Press, Peter Kenez (1981). Preliminary Thoughts, Richard Colton (1982). Stites (1981). #145. The Origins of Soviet #165. Issues and Nonissues in Ethics, George Kline (1981). #153. Soviet Afghanistan, Henry Russian Social History and S. Bradsher (1981). Historiography, 1890s–1920s, #146. The Myth of Lenin during Michael Confino (1983). the Civil War Years, Nina #154. Economy and Family in the Tumarkin (1981). USSR, Joseph S. Berliner (1981). #166. Stalin: The Disloyal Patron? T. H. Rigby (1983). #147. Iconoclasm in the Russian #155. Soviet Planning: Evolution Revolution: Destroying and in 1965-80, F. I. Kushnirsky #167. Politics of Soviet Preserving the Past, Richard (1982). Industrialization: Vesenkha and its Stites (1981). Relationship with Rabkrin, #156. Russia and the West, Ilya 1929–30, Sheila Fitzpatrick (1983). #148. Constructivism and Early Serman (1981), in Russian. Soviet Fashion Design, John E. #168. The Nationality Problem Bowlt (1981). #157. Yugoslavia after Tito, and the Soviet Future, Gail 244 Steven L. Burg, Donald W. Lapidus (1983).

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER #169. Stalinism versus #183. Soviet Policy in the Traditional Model, Ed A. Hewett Bolshevism? A Reconsideration, Caribbean and Central America: (1984). Robert C. Tucker (1984). Opportunities and Restraints, Howard J. Wiarda (1984). #195. Soviet Theatre in Transition, #170. Leonard Bertram Schapiro Alma H. Law (1985). (1908–1983): An Intellectual #184. Soviet Policy in the Memoir, Peter Reddaway Caribbean Basin: The Grenada #196. Dilemmas and Directions in (1984). Case Study, Jiri Valenta and Soviet Force Development Policy, Virginia Valenta (1984). William E. Odom (1985). #171. The Realities and Dilemmas in Polish-Soviet #185. The Soviet Union in the #197. Tolstoy’s Aesthetics and the Economic Relations, Jan Middle East, John C. Campbell Modern Idiom in Art, Frank R. Chowaniec (1984). (1984). Silbajoris (1985).

#172. Prospects for Afghanistan, #186. The Role of the Soviet #198. Eastern Europe: Fifty Years Zalmay Khalilzad (1984). Military in National Security of Changes and Constraints, Decisionmaking, Harriet Scott George W. Hoffman (1985). #173. Eastern Europe and the Fast (1984). Future of the Soviet Empire, #199. Experimental Production Vojtech Mastny (1984). #187. Economic Stringency, and R & D in the USSR, Gordon Political Succession, and Stability B. Smith (1985). #174. The Polish Crisis and the in Eastern Europe, Sarah USSR, Sidney I. Ploss (1984). Meiklejohn Terry (1984). #200. The Militarization of Socialism in Russia, 1902–1946, #175. Burdens and Benefits of the #188. The Defense Council in Robert V. Daniels (1985). Soviet Empire in Eastern Europe, Soviet Leadership Decision- Charles Gati (1984). Making, Ellen Jones (1984). #201. Is There Censorship in the Soviet Union? Valery S. #176. Regional Implications of #189. Fifty Years of Diplomatic Golovskoy (1985). the Soviet Invasion of Relations between the United Afghanistan, Melvin A. States and the Union of Soviet #202. The Politics of Religion in Goodman (1984). Socialist Republics, James the Ukraine: The Orthodox Billington, George F. Kennan, Church and the Ukrainian #177. Soviet Perspectives in and Anatoly Dobrinin (1984). Revolution, 1917–1919, Bohdan Western Europe, Hannes R. Bociurkiw (1985). Adomeit (1984). #190. Conceptualizing Political Participation in the USSR: Two #203. The Archival Legacy of the #178. The Economics and Politics Decades of Debate, Jeffrey Hahn Soviet Ukraine: Problems of of Soviet Economic Relations with (1984). Tracing the Documentary Western Europe, Angela E. Stent Records of a Divided Nation, (1984). #191. The Quality of Life in the Patricia Kennedy Grimsted Soviet Union. A Conference (1986). #179. U.S.-Soviet Global Rivalry Report, Herbert J. Ellison, and Western Europe, Vernon V. Bradford P. Johnson, and Evan #204. Recent Soviet Archival Aspaturian (1984). A. Raynes (1984). Literature: A Review and Preliminary Bibliography of #180. USSR-Japan Relations, #192. Soviet Policies on Dissent Selected Reference Aids, Patricia Hiroshi Kimura (1984). and Emigration: The Radical Kennedy Grimsted (1986). Change of Course since 1979, #181. The Present Stage in Sino- Peter Reddaway (1984). #205. Selected Bibliography of Soviet Relations, Harry Gelman Sources on Soviet Agriculture, (1984). #193. Soviet Schoolteachers and Kenneth R. Gray (1986). Moscow, Larry Holmes (1984). #182. Southeast Asia, the USSR, #206. Patterns of Property and Vietnam, Douglas Pike #194. Soviet Central Planning: Devolution among Ukrainian (1984). Probing the Limits of the Peasants in Kiev and Kharkiv 245

30 YEAR REPORT | PUBLICATIONS Provinces, 1861–1900, Christine #219. More Power to the Soviets? Matthew Evangelista D. Worobec (1986). The Poti Experiment and Changes d) Continuity and Change in in City Government, Darrell Soviet Military Doctrine since the #207. Economic Relations Slider (1987). Early 1960s, Raymond Garthoff between the Soviet Union and e) Conflict inside the Soviet Czechoslovakia in the 1980’s, #220. The Blagovest Theme in Military: Effect on Defense Policy, Franz-Lothar Altmann (1986). Russian Music, Edward V. Rose Gottemoeller Williams (1987). d) The Soviet Economy and #208. Gorbachev’s Revolutionary Soviet National Security, Ed Changes, Ernst Kux (1986). #221. Inner Migrations: Iurii Hewett Trifonov’s Last Stories, Josephine f) Soviet Views and Policies #209. Is the Soviet Union Really a Woll (1987). toward the Use of Military Power Threat to Asia? Thomas W. in the Third World, Mark Katz Robinson (1986). #222. Nikolai Zabolotsky’s and Robert Litwak Utopian Vision, Darra Goldstein g) Soviet Views and Policies #210. Anti-Soviet Insurgencies: (1987). toward World War, Michael Growing Trend or Passing Phase, MccGwire Mark N. Katz (1986). #223. The Soviet Rock Scene, h) Soviet Views and Policies Pedro Ramet and Sergei toward Theater War in Europe, #211. Soviet Azerbaijan Today: Zamascikov (1988). Philip Petersen and Notra The Problems of Group Identity, Trulock Tadeusz Swietochowski (1986).** #224. Time, Backward! Memory i) Conventional Arms Control: and the Past in Soviet Russian Soviet Approaches and #212. Soviet Policy toward Syria, Village Prose, Kathleen Parthé Objectives, Edward Warner and 1976–1986: Factionalism and the (1988). David Ochmanek Limits of Influence, Pedro Ramet (1986). #225. The Taganka: Russian #231. Funny Things Are Political Theater, 1964–84, Happening on the Way to the #213. Cinema and the Russian Alexandr Gershkovich (1988). Bakhtin Forum, Nina Perlina Avant-Garde: Aesthetics and (1989). Politics, Anna Lawton (1986). #226. Trends in Soviet Policies for Developing Water Resources, #232. Soviet Wage Policy and #214. Evidence of Aesopian David Tolmazin (1988). Distribution Debates, Hans Aage Language in the Writings of (1989). Joseph Stalin, Robert Himmer #227. Soviet-Latin American (1987). Economic Relations, Ruben #233. The Millenium of Russia’s Berrios (1988). First Perestroika: The Origins of a #215. Popular Piety, Local Kievan Glass Industry under Initiative, and the Founding of #228. Death and Dying in Early Prince Vladimir, Thomas S. Women’s Religious Communities Modern Russia, Daniel H. Kaiser Noonan (1989). in Russia, 1764–1907, Brenda (1988). Meehan-Waters (1987). #234. The Poetics of Ivan #229. Lessons of U.S.-Soviet Turgenev (1989). #216. Red-Collar Crime: Elite Relations, Seweryn Bialer a) Turgenev the Master Crime in the USSR and Poland, (1989). ** Carpenter: Framing Andrei Maria Los (1987). Kolosov, Elizabeth Cheresh Allen #230. Soviet Defense Policy: A b) The Influence of Dostoevsky #217. Marxism and Conference Report (1989). and Chekhov on Turgenev’s Totalitarianism: Rudolf Hilferding a) Civil-Military Relations and the Fathers and Sons, Donald Fanger and the Mensheviks, Andre Formulation of Defense Policy, c) The Ethics of Vision: Turgenev’s Liebich (1987). Jeremy Azrael “Execution of Tropmann” and b) Soviet Geopolitical Strategy Dostoevsky’s View of the Matter, #218. Migration and Agricultural and Military Power, Lawrence Robert L. Jackson Develpopment in Soviet Central Caldwell d) The Dialectics of Turgenev’s Asia, Gregory Gleason (1987). c) Change and Continuity in Ottsy i deti, David A. Lowe 246 Soviet Arms Control Policy, e) The Completion of A

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER Sportsman’s Sketches: Turgenev’s #246. Independent Research #257. Political Parties in Western Parting Word, Dale E. Peterson Centers in the Humanities and Siberia, August 1991–October Social Sciences in the Former 1993: A Comparative Analysis, #235. Conserving the Past in USSR, Aleksei Titkov, Natalia Grigorii Golosov (1994). Soviet Cities, R. A. French Evseeva, and Igor Pshichkov (1990). (1992), in Russian. #258. Siberia’s Academic Complex: The History of an #236. Mothering, Medicine, and #247. Speeches of Egor Kuz’mich Experiment, Evgenii Vodichev Infant Mortality in Russia: Some Ligachëv at the Kennan Institute, (1994). Comparisons, David L. Ransel Fall 1991, Egor Kuz’mich (1990). Ligachëv (1992). #259. Issues of Historical Preservation in Central Europe #237. Transition to Democracy in #248. Herbert Hoover’s Brush with and Russia, conference proceed- the USSR: Ending the Monopoly Bolshevism, Bertrand M. ings (1994). of Power and the Evolution of Patenaude (1992). New Political Forces, Giulietto #260. Lord of the Manor: Boris Chiesa (1990). #249. Moscow and Regional Yeltsin in Sverdlovsk Oblast’, Pilar Security Proposals for the Middle Bonet (1995). #238. Strategies of Sobriety: East, Galia Golan (1992). Temperance Movements in #261. Stillborn Environments: The Russia, 1880–1914, Patricia #250. The Russian Revolutionary New Soviet Town of the 1960s Herlihy (1990). Movement of the Nineteenth and Urban Life in Russia Today, Century as Contemporary History, Aleksandr Vysokovskii (1995). #239. Looking Back at Alfred E. Senn (1993). Sovietology: An Interview with #262. Neo-Idealist Philosophy in William Odom and Alexander #251. George Kennan (The Elder) the Russian Liberation Movement: Dallin, Daniel Abele (1990). in the Russian Press, 1871–1991, The Moscow Psychological an annotated bibliographical Society and Its Symposium, #240. SDI and Defensive index in the Russian language, “Problems of Idealism,” Randall Doctrine: The Evolving Soviet Efim Melamed (1993). Poole (1996). Debate, Stephen Blank (1991). #252. America and the Russian #263. Maxim M. Litvinov and #241. Sovietology: From Future. Transcript of a January Soviet-American Relations, Stagnation to Perestroika? A 1993 Russian conference cospon- 1918–1946, Hugh Phillips (1996). Decade of Doctoral Research in sored by the Kennan Institute and Soviet Politics, Peter Rutland the Embassy of the Russian #264. Zhirinovsky as a Nationalist (1991). Federation in the United States “Kitsch Artist,” Sergei Kibalnik (1993). (1996). #242. Dynamics of the Soviet Illicit Drug Market, Rennselaer #253. Invisibile Transcendence, #265. Russia’s “Unreal Estate”: Lee (1991). Peter Rollberg (1993). Cognitive Mapping and National Identity, Kathleen Parthé (1997). #243. Relativistic Patterns in #254. State Building in Post- Totalitarian Thinking: An Inquiry Soviet Russia: The Chicago Boys #266. Public Opinion Surveys and into the Language of Soviet and the Decline of Administrative Political Culture in Post-Soviet Ideology, Mikhail Epstein (1991). Capacity, Peter J. Stavrakis Russia, Frederic J. Fleron, Jr., (1993). Jeffrey Hahn, William Reisinger #244. Stalinism As I Saw It, Sergo (1997). Mikoyan (1992). #255. An Architectural Survey of St. Petersburg, 1840–1916, #267. Defense Conversion: The #245. Mental Stereotypes of William Craft Brumfield (1994). Intersection of Russia’s National Homo Soveticus as Reflected in Security with Management Architectural and Industrial #256. Russian and American Think Concerns, Lori Coakley, William Design, I. Zarinskaia, E. Tanks: An Initial Survey, James Graves III, and Linda M. Randall Pavlovskaia, and J. Rozin (1992). Allen Smith, et al. (1994). (1997). 247

30 YEAR REPORT | PUBLICATIONS Omsk. Morozov Emporium & Volga-Kama Bank of Commerce . (Photo: William Brumfield)

#268. The Future of Ukrainian- Russian Orthodox Church in the #284. The 1999 OSCE Istanbul Russian Relations, Sherman American West, 1890–1910, Summit Decisions on Moldova Garnett, Oleksandr Pavliuk, Brigit Farley (2000). and Georgia: Prospects for Alexander Rahr, Roman Implementation, conference pro- Solchanyk, Igor Torbakov, and #277. George Kennan and the ceedings (2002). Ian Brzezinski (1997). Russian Empire: How America’s Conscience Became an Enemy of #285. St. Petersburg’s Courtyards #269. The Agrarian “Strike” of Tsarism, Helen Hundley (2000). and Washington’s Alleys: 1932–33, D’Ann Penner (1998). Officialdom’s Neglected #278. When the Cold War Did Neighbors, Blair A. Ruble (2003). #270. The Russian Provincial City: Not End: The Soviet Peace Key Elements of the Structure of Offensive of 1953 and the #286. Conflict in Kyrgyzstan? Life, Vladimir Vaguine (1998). American Response, Jeffrey Michele E. Commercio (2004). Brooks (2000). #271. Russian Regions in #287. Political Passivity and Expanding Europe: The Pskov #279. Uzbekistan and the Russia’s Health Crisis, Debra Connection, Mikhail Alexseev Challenges of Creating a Regional Javeline (2004). and Vladimir Vaguine (1998). Security System within Central Asia, Nazokat A. Kasymova #288. Stakeholder Inclusion in #272. Structures of Russian Political (2001). Caspian Basin Natural Resource Discourse on Nationality Problems: Management, Mary M. Anthropological Perspectives, #280. The Question of Russo- Matthews (2004). Sergei Sokolovski (1999). Ukrainian Unity and Ukrainian Distinctiveness in Early Modern #289. Myths and Mysticism: Islam #273. Leaving the Past Behind: Ukrainian Thought and Culture, and Conflict in the North The Russian Presidential Elections Zenon E. Kohut (2001). Caucasus: A Longitudinal of 1996, Hugh Phillips (1999). Perspective, Michael A. Reynolds #281. Ten Years after the Breakup: (2004). #274. Russia and the Kennan Institute Meeting Reports, Recomposition of Power: The 1991–2001 (2001). #290. Whose House is Moldova? Paradigm beyond the Dream of Hospitality as a Model for Ethnic the “Good State,” Peter J. #282. Remembering Adam Ulam, Relations, Jennifer R. Cash Stavrakis (2000). Abbott Gleason, Angela Stent, (2004). and Nina Tumarkin (2002). #275. Ukraine 1998: Parliamentary #291. Ukraine’s Energy Policy and Election Exit Poll, Ilko Kucheriv #283. U.S. Assessments of the U.S. Strategic Interests in Eurasia, and Elehie Skoczylas (2000). Soviet and Post-Soviet Russian Margarita M. Balmaceda (2004). Economy: Lessons Learned and #276. Circuit Riders to the Slavs Not Learned, conference pro- and Greeks: Missionary Priests ceedings (2002). 248 and the Establishment of the

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER Meeting Reports

1983–1984 Program Year: Boiter, Albert, freelance Congressional Research Service, researcher, Washington, D.C., Library of Congress, “East-West Fleischhauer, Ingeborg, Research “Soviet and East European Laws Economic Relations” (28 February Grantee, Foreign Office, Federal on Religion” (19 July 1985) 1985) Republic of Germany, and the Fritz-Thyssen Foundation, Bonn; Brzezinski, Zbigniew, Senior Herspring, Dale, Deputy Director, and Short-Term Grantee, Kennan Advisor, Center for Strategic and Office of East European and Institute, “Was There a German International Studies, Yugoslav Affairs, U.S. Department Question in Tsarist Russia?” (6 Georgetown University; of State, “Soviet-East European May 1984) Mackintosh, Malcolm, Assistant Military Relations”** Secretary, The Cabinet Office, Gelman, Harry, Senior Staff Whitehall, London, “The USSR Hutchings, Robert, Special Member, Rand Corporation, “The and the United States in East Assistant to the President, Radio Legacy of the Brezhnev Era: Asia” (21 March 1985)** Free Europe/Radio Liberty Underlying Assumptions about Research Institute, Munich, the Soviet Relationship with Clemens, Walter C., Jr., “Soviet Policy in Eastern Europe” America in the World Arena” (1 Professor of Political Science, (6 February 1985) March 1984)** “Globalistika: The Soviet Union and Global Issues” (8 May 1985) Kaiser, Robert G., Associate Hough, Jerry, Professor of Editor, The Washington Post, Political Science, Duke University, Cobb, Tyrus W., Director for “Russia Ten Years after Russia: “Debates on Soviet Foreign Soviet and West European Affairs, The People and the Power” (3 Policy” (12 September 1984) National Security Council, “Soviet October 1984) Policy toward Western Europe” Petrov, Vladimir, Professor of (27 February 1985) Katz, Mark N., Research Scholar, International Relations, Institute Kennan Institute, “Soviet Policy for Sino-Soviet Relations, George Feshbach, Murray, Research toward the Arabian Peninsula” (17 Washington University, “Sino- Professor of Demography, April 1985) Soviet Relations” (25 September Georgetown University, “Medical 1984) Problems in the Soviet Military” Kaufman, Richard, Assistant (27 March 1985) Director of General Counsel, Joint Shanin, Teodor, Head, Economic Committee, U.S. Department of Sociology, Fierman, William, Assistant Congress, “Estimates of Soviet University of Manchester, United Professor of Political Science, Defense Spending” (1 May 1985)** Kingdom, and Fellow, Kennan University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Institute, “Russia in 1905–1907: “Soviet Power and Central Asian Kennan, George F., Professor Revolution as a Moment of Truth” Youth” (20 February 1985) Emeritus, Institute for Advanced (16 July 1984) Study, Princeton; Honorary Garrard, John, Professor of Chairman, Academic Council, Van den Berg, Ger, Senior Russian Literature, University of Kennan Institute; and former U.S. Documentation Officer for East Arizona, and Fellow, Kennan Ambassador to the Soviet Union European Law, Faculty of Law, Institute, “Book Hunger in the and Yugoslavia, “Russian University of Leiden, Netherlands, USSR” (9 January 1985) Diplomacy in the 19th Century “Analyzing Soviet Legal Statistics” and the Origins of World War I” (27 September 1984) Goble, Paul, Soviet Affairs (2 April 1985) Analyst, Office of Analysis for the 1984–1985 Program Year: Soviet Union and Eastern Europe, Kusin, Vladimir, Deputy Director, U.S. Department of State, “New Research and Analysis Bekic, Darko, Research Scholar, Soviet Views of Nations and Department, Radio Free Kennan Institute, “Soviet Policy Nationalities” (17 October 1984) Europe/Radio Liberty Research toward the Balkans” (26 June Institute, Munich; Jan 1985) Hardt, John P., Senior Specialist Weydenthal, Senior Analyst, for Soviet Economics, RFE/RL; and Elizabeth Teague, 249

30 YEAR REPORT | PUBLICATIONS Political Analyst, RFE/RL, “The Shipler, David K., Foreign Wettig, Gerhard, Deputy Head Soviet Union and Eastern Europe: Correspondent, The New York of Foreign Policy Research, Forty Years after Yalta” (22 May Times, and Guest Scholar, Federal Institute for Eastern and 1985) Brookings Institution, “Soviet International Affairs, Cologne, Political Culture and Soviet Views Federal Republic of Germany, Morton, Henry W., Professor of of the United States” (22 May “Basic Trends of Soviet Security Political Science, Queens College, 1985)** Policy” (9 October 1984) “Problems of the Contemporary Soviet City” (13 March 1985) Smith, Gordon, Associate Wettig, Gerhard, Deputy Head Professor of Government and of Foreign Policy Research, Odom, William E., Assistant International Studies, University of Federal Institute for Eastern and Chief of Staff for Intelligence, U.S. South Carolina, “Experimental International Affairs, Cologne, Army, “Soviet Force Development Production in the USSR” (6 March and Fellow, Kennan Institute, Policy” (30 January 1985) 1985) “Soviet Foreign Policy and the INF Controversy” (25 April 1985) Ramet, Pedro, Assistant Professor Sodaro, Michael, Assistant of Political Science, Henry M. Professor of International Affairs Wettig, Gerhard, Deputy Head Jackson School of International and Political Science, George of Foreign Policy Research, Studies, University of Washington, Washington University, “The Federal Institute for Eastern and “The Soviet Presence in Syria” (31 Soviet Union and the Two International Affairs, Cologne, October 1984) Germanies” (7 November 1984) and Fellow, Kennan Institute; and David Yost, Associate Professor Roberts, Walter R., Executive Swietochowski, Tadeusz, of National Security Affairs, Naval Director, U.S. Board for Professor of History, Monmouth Postgraduate School, Monterey, International Broadcasting, “The College, “Soviet Azerbaijan “The Soviet Union and the Information Revolution and the Today” (6 May 1985) Western Alliance since December Communist World” (12 June 1983” (23 January 1985) 1985) Thomas, John R., Program Officer for Eastern Europe and Zlotnik, Marc, Soviet Affairs Ruble, Blair A., Assistant Director, the USSR, Office of Cooperative Analyst, Foreign Broadcast National Council for Soviet and Science and Technology, U.S. Information Service, “The Politics East European Research, “Policy Department of State, “The of the 27th Party Congress” (14 Innovation in Leningrad” (9 April Militarization of the Soviet November 1984) 1985)** Academy of Sciences” (15 May 1985) 1985–1986 Program Year: Scammell, Michael, Freelance Writer, Surrey, England, and Urnov, Dmitry Mikhailovich, A. Altmann, Franz-Lothar, Senior Fellow, Kennan Institute, M. Gorky Institute of World Researcher, Osteuropa Institut, “Chasing a Legend: The Literature, Moscow, “Soviet Munich, and Research Scholar, Biographer in Search of the Real Publication of American Literature Kennan Institute, “The Polish Solzhenitsyn” (11 September and the Publishing Industry in the Crisis and East-West Trade” (2 1985)** USSR” (29 April 1985) October 1985)

Scanlan, James P., Professor of Volsky, Victor, Director, Institute Amundsen, Kirsten, Professor of Philosophy, Ohio State University, of Latin America, Academy of Government, California State “The New Red Gospel: Soviet Sciences of the USSR; and Cole University, Sacramento, “Soviet Ideology and the Revised Party Blasier, Professor of Political Policy toward the Nordic States” Program” (18 September 1985)** Science, University of Pittsburgh, (6 November 1985) “Soviet Research on Latin America Seton-Watson, Hugh, Professor and the Caribbean” (5 June 1985) Atkin, Muriel, Associate Professor Emeritus, University of London, of History, George Washington “The Theory and Practice of Warner, Edward L., Senior University, “The Soviet View of Soviet Nationalities Policy: Defense Analyst, Rand Islam” (16 April 1986) Questions for Study” (24 October Corporation, “A Proposal for 1984) START Negotiations” (30 March Berezhkov, Valentin, Editor in 250 1985) Chief, SShA (USA), Institute of the

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER U.S.A. and Canada, Academy of Kennan Institute; and Ed A. University, “The Soviet Union and Sciences of the USSR, Moscow, Hewett, Senior Fellow, Brookings the Third World” (23 April 1986) “U.S.-Soviet Relations III: A Soviet Institution, “Soviet Economic View” (3 February 1986) Policy under Gorbachev” (12 Misiunas, Romuald J., December 1985) Researcher, Trumbull Associates, Birman, Igor, President, Ltd., “Lithuania Today” (21 May Foundation for Soviet Studies, Kim, Georgii, Acting Director, 1986) “The State of the Soviet Institute of Oriental Studies, Economy” (28 May 1986) Moscow, “Problems of Peace and Parrott, Bruce B., Acting Director Security in Asia and the Pacific” of Soviet Studies, School of Duncan, W. Raymond, (15 May 1986) Advanced International Studies, Distinguished Teaching Professor, Johns Hopkins University, “The State University of New York, Kiser, John, President, Kiser Politics of Soviet Defense Brockport, and Scholar-in- Research, Inc., “How Good is Our Spending” (23 October 1985) Residence, Central Intelligence Knowledge of Soviet Agency, “Soviet-Cuban Relations” Technology?” (13 November Reddaway, Peter, Secretary, (12 February 1986) 1985) Kennan Institute, “How Great is Gorbachev’s Personal Power?” (3 Garthoff, Raymond, Senior Lee, William T., Senior September 1986) Fellow, Brookings Institution, Substantive Expert, Defense “U.S.-Soviet Relations IV: An Intelligence Agency, “Soviet Simons, Thomas W., Jr., Senior Academic View” (5 February 1986) Defense Expenditures, Scholar, Foreign Service Institute, 1970–1985” (16 October 1985) and Former Director, Office of Goodman, Melvin, Professor of Soviet Union Affairs, U.S. International Studies, National Limberg, Wayne P., Chief, Department of State, “U.S.-Soviet War College, “Gorbachev’s Regional Policy Branch, Office of Relations II: An Administration American Problem” (24 Soviet Analysis, Central View” (22 January 1986)** September 1986) Intelligence Agency, “Gorbachev’s East Asian Policy” (20 November Smolansky, Oles, Professor of Guroff, Gregory, Deputy 1985) International Relations, Lehigh Coordinator, President’s U.S.- University, “The USSR and the Soviet Exchange Initiative, U.S. Lubin, Nancy, Project Director, Iran-Iraq War” (17 September Information Agency, “The Current International Security and 1986) Cultural Scene in Moscow” (11 Commerce Program, Office of June 1986) Technology Assessment, U.S. Theen, Rolf H.W., Professor of Congress, “U.S.-Soviet Political Science, Purdue Hough, Jerry F., James B. Duke Cooperation in Space” (5 March University, “Current Reformist Professor of Political Science, 1986) Thinkers in the USSR” (10 Duke University, and Guest September 1986) Scholar, Brookings Institution, Majal-Leon, Eusebio, Associate “Recent Transformation in Soviet Professor of Government, Tornudd, Klaus, Under-Secretary Ideology” (9 April 1986) Georgetown University, “Soviet- of State for Political Affairs, Latin American Relations” (4 April Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Koenig, Franz Cardinal, Vienna, 1986) Helsinki, “Soviet-Finnish “The Church and East-West Relations” (4 June 1986) Relations” (25 April 1986) Matlock, Jack F., Jr., Special Assistant to the President for Urban, Joan Barth, Associate Kohn, Martin, Economic Analyst, National Security Affairs, and Professor of Political Science, Office of Soviet Analysis, Central Senior Director of European and Catholic University of America, Intelligence Agency; John P. Soviet Affairs, National Security “Moscow and the Italian Hardt, Associate Director for Council, “U.S.-Soviet Relations I: Communist Party under Senior Specialists, Congressional An Administration View” (18 Gorbachev” (30 April 1986) Research Service, Library of December 1985) Congress; Judith Thornton, Valenta, Jiri, Director of Soviet, Professor of Economics, University Menon, Rajan, Assistant Professor East European and Strategic of Washington, and Fellow, of International Relations, Lehigh Studies, University of Miami, “The 251

30 YEAR REPORT | PUBLICATIONS Sandinistas in Power” (4 Dowty, Alan, Professor of Alberta, Canada, “Chernobyl and December 1985) Government and International Soviet Nuclear Energy” (10 Relations, University of Notre December 1986) Waxmonsky, Gary, Executive Dame, “Control of Emigration Secretary, President’s U.S.-USSR from the USSR” (18 February 1987) Murphy, W. Patrick, Jr., Staff Environmental Agreement, U.S. Assistant, Federal Judicial Center, Environmental Protection Agency, Dunlop, John B., Associate and former Research Scholar, “U.S.-Soviet Environmental Director and Senior Fellow, Kennan Institute, “The Soviet Cooperation” (19 March 1986) Hoover Institution on War, Campaign against Unearned Revolution, and Peace, Stanford Income” (2 October 1986) Woll, Josephine, Associate University, and Research Scholar, Professor of Russian Language Kennan Institute, “Soviet Film Prizel, Ilya, Visiting Assistant and Literature, Howard University, under Gorbachev” (5 May 1987) Professor of Government, and Research Scholar, Kennan University of Virginia, “The Soviet Institute, “The Soviet Writer and Goldberg, Andrew, Director, Union and Latin America” (27 the State” (18 June 1986) Crisis Management Project, May 1987) Center for Strategic and 1986–1987 Program Year: International Studies, Washington, Ramet, Pedro, Research Scholar, D.C., “Soviet Nuclear War Kennan Institute, and Assistant Balzer, Harley D., Research Strategy” (5 November 1986)** Professor, Henry M. Jackson Associate, Department of History School for International Studies, and Russian Area Studies, Gottemoeller, Rose E., Research University of Washington, Georgetown University, and for- Associate, Rand Corporation, “Factional Politics in Soviet-Syrian mer Research Scholar, Kennan “Soviet Civil-Military Relations” (3 Relations” (14 January 1987) Institute, “Recent Soviet June 1987) Education Reforms” (29 October Reddaway, Peter, Secretary, 1986) Hammer, Darrell P., Professor of Kennan Institute, “Current Soviet Political Science, Indiana Policies on Human Rights” (25 Billington, James H., Director, University, Bloomington, March 1987)** Woodrow Wilson Center, “The “Gorbachev and Russian Millennium of Christianity in Nationalism” (10 June 1987) Rice, Condoleezza, Assistant Russia” (10 June 1987) Professor of Political Science, Huber, Robert, Staff Consultant, Stanford University, and Bond, Daniel L., Research Foreign Affairs Committee, U.S. International Affairs Fellow, Director for Developing and Congress, “Soviet Views of the Council on Foreign Relations, Centrally Planned Economies, U.S. Congress” (11 March 1987) “Military Policy under Gorbachev” Wharton Econometric Forecasting (13 May 1987) Associates, “Soviet Foreign Trade Kennan, George F., Professor Reforms” (19 November 1986) Emeritus, Institute for Advanced Stephan, John J., Professor of Study, Princeton; Honorary History, University of Hawaii, and Brumfield, William C., Associate Chairman, Academic Council, former Short-Term Scholar, Professor of Slavic Languages, Kennan Institute; and former U.S. Kennan Institute, “The Soviet Tulane University, “Russian Views Ambassador to the Soviet Union Border Patrol” (20 January 1987) of American Architecture, and Yugoslavia, “Russian Society 1870–1914” (24 June 1987) and U.S.-Soviet Relations” (13 Tarasulo, Isaac, Consultant, November 1986) International Studies Center, Inc., Collias, Karen A., Historian, and former Short-Term Scholar, Policy Studies Division, Office of Kux, Ernst, Foreign Editor, Neue Kennan Institute, “Soviet the Historian, U.S. Department of Zeurcher Zeitung, and former Television under Gorbachev” (7 State, “Patriotism and Soviet Guest Scholar, Wilson Center, January 1987) Identity” (4 March 1987) “Gorbachev’s Asia Policy” (26 November 1986)** Thatcher, Gary, Staff Daly, John, London School of Correspondent, Christian Science Slavonic and East European Marples, David R., Research Monitor, “Challenges to American Studies, “Russian Sea Power, Associate, Canadian Institute of Reporters in Moscow” (3 252 1827–1841” (18 March 1987) Ukrainian Studies, University of December 1986)

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER Thomas, John R., Program Studies, “New Directions in Khotin, Leonid, Editor, Abstracts Officer for Eastern Europe and Soviet Studies” (24 February of Soviet and East European the USSR, Office of Cooperative 1988) Emigré Periodical Literature, “The Science and Technology, U.S. Soviet Enterprise Director” (2 May Department of State, “Soviet Bohlen, Celestine, Former 1988) Science under Gorbachev” (15 Moscow Correspondent, The October 1986) Washington Post, and Editor, Matlock, Jack F., Jr., U.S. Outlook Section, The Washington Ambassador to the USSR, “Jack F. Van Oudenaren, John, Member, Post, “Newspaper Reporting from Matlock on U.S.-Soviet Relations” Policy Planning Staff, U.S. Moscow” (9 May 1988) (24 February 1988) Department of State, “Gorbachev and Western Europe” (21 January Burlatskii, Fëdor, Chairman, Nove, Alec, Professor Emeritus of 1987) Department of Political Economics, University of Glasgow, Philosophy, Academy of Social Scotland, “Reforming Soviet Woll, Josephine, Associate Sciences of the CPSU Central Agriculture” (3 November 1987) Professor of Russian, Howard Committee, and Guest Scholar, University, and former Research Kennan Institute, “Comparisons Padunov, Vladimir, Visiting Scholar, Kennan Institute, between Khrushchev and Associate Professor of Russian, “Cultural Liberalization in Kennedy” (9 September 1988) Wheaton College, and Short-Term Moscow” (4 February 1987) Scholar, Kennan Institute, “Soviet Brown, Archie, Fellow and Cultural Perestroika” (18 July Zlotnik, Marc, Chief, Leadership Lecturer in Soviet Institutions, St. 1988) Politics Branch, Office of Soviet Antony’s College, Oxford Analysis, Central Intelligence University, “Soviet Economic and Ploss, Sidney, Intelligence Agency, “Gorbachev’s Political Reform” (2 November Research Analyst, U.S. Opposition” (29 April 1987) 1987) Department of State, “The Twilight of Perestroika?” (11 1987–1988 Program Year: Cox, Michael, Lecturer, January 1988) Department of Political Science, Abalkin, Leonid, Economic Queen’s University, Belfast, and Rogger, Hans, Professor of Adviser to Mikhail Gorbachev, Visiting Professor, Department of History, University of California, and Director, Institute of Political Science, College of Los Angeles, and Member, Economics, Academy of Sciences William and Mary, “George F. Academic Council, Kennan of the USSR, “Restructuring the Kennan and the Cold War” (4 Institute, “Origins of the ‘Russian Soviet Economy” (13 March 1988) April 1988) Menace’” (7 December 1987)

Åslund, Anders, Former First Dobson, Richard, Research Rougle, William, Research Secretary, Embassy of Sweden, Analyst, Soviet and East European Scholar, Kennan Institute, “Latin Moscow, and Research Scholar, Branch, United States Information American Literature in the USSR” Kennan Institute, “Radical Reform Agency, and former Research (23 May 1988) in the USSR: 1985–1988” (11 July Scholar, Kennan Institute, 1988) “Problems among Soviet Youth” Ruble, Blair A., Staff Associate, (18 April 1988) Social Science Research Council, Aspaturian, Vernon, Director, New York, and Member, Center for Soviet and Slavic Area Feshbach, Murray, Research Academic Council, Kennan Studies; Professor of Political Professor of Demography, Institute, “The Changing Face of Science, Pennsylvania State Georgetown University, “Glasnost Leningrad” (23 November 1987) University; and Member, and Health Issues in the USSR” (5 Academic Council, Kennan October 1987) Shakeri, Khosrow, Research Institute, “The Soviet Foreign Scholar, Kennan Institute, “Iranian Policy Apparatus” (16 November Field, Mark B., Professor of Communism and the USSR” (8 1987) Sociology, Boston University and February 1988) Fellow, Russian Research Center, Atkinson, Dorothy, Executive Harvard University, “Soviet Infant Simon, Gerhard, Associate Director, American Association for Mortality” (9 November 1987) Professor, Federal Institute for the Advancement of Slavic Eastern and International Studies, 253

30 YEAR REPORT | PUBLICATIONS Cologne, Federal Republic of Ethnic Conflict in the USSR” (23 Sagdeev, Roald, Former Director, Germany, “The Russian Orthodox January 1989) Institute for Space Research, Church before 1917” (14 Academy of Sciences of the December 1987) Hardt, John, Senior Specialist in USSR, Moscow, “Perestroika and Soviet Economics, Congressional the Scientific Intelligentsia” (16 Taranovski, Theodore, Research Research Service, Library of November 1988) Associate, Kennan Institute, Congress, “Commercial Relations “Reform under Alexander II and under Perestroika” (28 November Sakharov, Andrei, Member, Gorbachev” (12 September 1988) 1988) Presidium, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, and Deputy, USSR Torke, Hans-Jaochim, Professor Hough, Jerry, Professor of Congress of People’s Deputies, of History, Free University of Political Science and Policy “Andrei Sakharov on Soviet Berlin, Germany, and Visiting Science, Duke University, Society” (14 November 1988) Member, Institute for Advanced “Totalitarianism Revisited” (24 Study, Princeton, “Absolutism in April 1989) Starr, S. Frederick, President, Russian History” (25 April 1988) Oberlin College, and former Korotich, Vitalii, Editor, Ogonëk, Secretary, Kennan Institute, 1988–1989 Program Year: Moscow, “Documenting Soviet “Informal Groups and Political History” (19 January 1989) Culture” (9 December 1988) Afanas’ev, Iurii, Rector, Historical- Archival Institute, Moscow State Linden, Ronald, Director, Center Suny, Ronald Grigor, Professor of University, “Glasnost’ in Archives for Russian and East European History, and Director, Armenian and Historiography” (6 October Studies, University of Pittsburgh, Studies Program, University of 1988) and former Research Scholar, Michigan, “Class and Nationality Kennan Institute, “Soviet- in the Russian Revolution” (30 Alexeeva, Ludmila, freelance Romanian Relations” (6 February May 1989) journalist, and former Research 1989) Scholar, Kennan Institute, Tikhonov, Vladimir, Academician, “Informal Associations in the Menon, Rajan, Associate All-Union Academy of Agricultural USSR” (24 October 1988) Professor of Political Science, Sciences, Moscow, “Agricultural Lehigh University, and former Reform in the USSR” (17 February Bassin, Mark, Assistant Research Scholar, Kennan 1989) Professor of Geography, Institute, “Soviet Security Policy in University of Wisconsin, Northeast Asia” (3 April 1989) Tolstaia, Tat’iana, writer, Moscow, Madison, and former Research “Politics and the Literary Process” Scholar, Kennan Institute, Rand, Robert, Adjunct Scholar, (15 November 1988) “Russian Views of Siberia” (12 Department of Russian and East December 1988) European Studies, Indiana Vaksberg, Arkadii, Special University, and Research Scholar, Correspondent, Literaturnaia Demko, George, The Kennan Institute, “Legal Reform gazeta, “Aspects of Soviet Legal Geographer of the United States, within Soviet Courtrooms” (27 Reform” (11 April 1989) U.S. Department of State, “The March 1989) Geography of Soviet Wortman, Richard, Professor of Urbanization” (31 October 1988) Reddaway, Peter, Professor of History, Harriman Institute, Political Science, George Columbia University, “Symbolism Gleason, Abbott, Professor of Washington University, and for- of Russian Churches and History, Brown University, and former Program Secretary, Kennan Monuments” (17 October 1989) mer Secretary, Kennan Institute, Institute, “How Secure Is “Political Agendas of Gorbachev?” (12 June 1989) 1989–1990 Program Year:* ‘Totalitarianism’” (27 February *Meeting reports were assigned vol- 1989) Remington, Thomas, Associate ume numbers as of the 1989–1990 Professor of Political Science, program year. Goble, Paul, Special Assistant for Emory University, “Socialist Nationalities Affairs, Office of Pluralism under Gorbachev” (20 Vol. VII No. 1 Intelligence and Research, U.S. October 1988) Loren R. Graham, Professor of 254 Department of State, “Managing History, Massachusetts Institute of

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER Technology, “Beyond Vol. VII No. 8 Vol. VII No. 14 Containment: A New Era in U.S.- Andrei Sinyavsky, Russian writer, Gary Lee, former Moscow Bureau Soviet Scientific Relations” (25 literary critic, former political pris- Chief, The Washington Post, and September 1989) oner, and Professor of Russian former Guest Scholar, Woodrow Language and Literature, Wilson Center, “Talking Across Vol. VII No. 2 University of Paris-Sorbonne, Russia” (9 May 1990) Richard Pipes, Frank B. Baird, Jr. “Russian Nationalism and Professor of History, Russian Russophobia” (9 January 1990) Vol. VII No. 15 Research Center, Harvard Leonid Bordin; Pavel Gorelov; University, “French and Russian Vol. VII No. 9 Stanislav Kuniaev; Viktor Revolutions Compared” (10 John Evans, Foreign Service Likhonosov; Oleg Mikhailov; October 1989) Officer, U.S. Department of State; Sviatoslav Rybas; and Ernst Cox Fellow; and Guest Scholar, Safanov, writers and editors, Vol. VII No. 3 Woodrow Wilson Center, Russia, “Russian Nationalism and Konstantain Albasheev; Victor “Exploring the ‘Ottomanization’ Anti-Semitism” (17 April 1990) Astaf’ev; Pavel Bunich; and Metaphor” (5 February 1990) Galina Semënova, Deputies, USSR Vol. VII No. 16 Congress of People’s Deputies, Vol. VII No. 10 Elena Zelinskaia, political activist, “Soviet Deputies: A Range of Yuri Levada, Section Chief for Leningrad, “Inside Leningrad Views” (26 October 1989) Theory, All-Union Center for the Politics” (15 May 1990) Study of Public Opinion, Moscow, Vol. VII No. 4 “Soviet Society at a Crossroads” Vol. VII No. 17 Vladimir Petrov, Emeritus (6 February 1990) Yuri Baturin, Senior Researcher, Professor of International Affairs, Institute of State and Law, USSR George Washington University, Vol. VII No. 11 Academy of Sciences, and “Behind the Scenes: Stalin, Mao Vida Johnson, Associate Research Scholar, Kennan Zedong, and the Korean War” (6 Professor of Russian, Tufts Institute, “Glasnost’ Struggles: An November 1989) University, “Recent Trends in Insider’s Account” (11 July 1990) Soviet Cinema” (20 February Vol. VII No. 5 1990) Vol. VII No. 18 Galina Starovoitova, People’s Giulietto Chiesa, Moscow Deputy, USSR Congress of Vol. VII No. 12 Correspondent, L’Unita, Italy, and People’s Deputies, and Guest Viacheslav Briukhovetsky, Fellow, Woodrow Wilson Center, Scholar, Woodrow Wilson Center, Member, Grand Council, Popular “The 28th Party Congress” (23 “Soviet Legislator Proposes Movement of Ukraine for August 1990) Nationalities Plan” (27 November Restructuring (RUKH), and Head, 1989) Department of Literary Theory, 1990–1991 Program Year: Institute of Literature, Ukrainian Vol. VII No. 6 Academy of Sciences; Elena Vol. VIII No. 1 Larisa Kislinskaia, Stepanova, Professor of Stanislav Shatalin, Member, Correspondent, Tass, and Shelley, Philosophy, Ural Polytechnical Mikhail Gorbachev’s Presidential Louise, Chair and Professor, Institute, Sverdlovsk; and Giorgi Council, “Shatalin on the Shatalin Department of Justice, Law, and Gachechiladze, literary critic, rep- Plan” (2 October 1990) Society, School of International resentative, Rustaveli Society, Service, The American University, Tbilisi, “Nationalism and Politics Vol. VIII No. 2 “Crime, Police, and Soviet in Three Soviet Regions” (27 Mark Von Hagen, Associate Society” (14 November 1989) February, 7 March, 9 March 1990) Professor of History, Columbia University, and Associate Director, Vol. VII No. 7 Vol. VII No. 13 Harriman Institute, “Proletarian Fëdor Burlatskii, Chairman, Nicolai Petro, Fellow, Sparta” (1 October 1990) Subcommittee on Humanitarian, International Affairs, Council on Scientific, and Cultural Foreign Relations and Special Vol. VIII No. 3 Cooperation, Supreme Soviet Assistant for Policy, Office of Ahmet Ali Arslan, Chief Committee on International Soviet Affairs, U.S. Department of Washington Correspondent, Affairs, “Political Change in the State, “Russian Nationalism as a Turkiye Daily, Istanbul, and author, Soviet Union” (5 December 1989) Political Force” (2 May 1990) The Struggle of Azerbaijan on the 255

30 YEAR REPORT | PUBLICATIONS Path to Democracy; and Samvel Vol. VIII No. 9 Vol. VIII No. 15 Shahmuratian, People’s Deputy, James Millar, Director, Sino- Anders Åslund, Director, Armenian Supreme Soviet, and Soviet Institute, George Stockholm Institute of Soviet and editor, The Sumgait Tragedy, Washington University, “Era of East European Economics, and “Armenia and Azerbaijan” (6 Radical Economic Reform Over” former Research Scholar, Kennan November 1990) (28 January 1991) Institute, “Economic Collapse Expected in 1991” (22 April 1991) Vol. VIII No. 4 Vol. VIII No. 10 Stephen Sestanovich, Director, Mel Goodman, Professor of Vol. VIII No. 16 Soviet and East European International Security, National Evgenii Anisimov, Senior Studies, Center for Strategic and War College, Washington, D.C., Researcher, Institute of History of International Studies, “Inventing “A Policy of Strategic Retreat” (4 the USSR, Academy of Sciences the Soviet National Interest” (5 February 1991) of the USSR, Leningrad, and November 1990) Research Scholar, Kennan Vol. VIII No. 11 Institute; and Richard Pipes, Vol. VIII No. 5 Bert Patenaude, Research Frank B. Baird, Jr., Professor of Yuri Butchenko, Member, Scholar, Kennan Institute, History, Russian Research Center, Coordinating Council, Kuzbass “American Famine Relief Effort Harvard University, “Russia in Union of Workers, and editor, Recalled” (19 February 1991) Search of New National Ethos” Kuzbasskie vedomsti, “The (14 May 1991) Independent Workers’ Vol. VIII No. 12 Movement” (27 November 1990) Andrus Park, Professor of History Vol. VIII No. 17 and Philosophy; Presidium Murray Feshbach, Research Vol. VIII No. 6 Member; Acting General Scientific Professor, Department of Alexander Yakovlev, Head, Secretary, Estonian Academy of Demography, Georgetown Department of Theory and Sciences, Tallinn; and Fellow, University, and former Fellow, Sociology of Criminal Law, Woodrow Wilson Center, “Empire Woodrow Wilson Center; Nancy Institute of State and Law, USSR in Crisis” (25 February 1991) Lubin, Associate Professor of Academy of Sciences, Moscow; History, Carnegie Mellon and Richard Schifter, Assistant Vol. VIII No. 13 University, and Fellow, Woodrow Secretary of State for Human Aleksandr Kollontai, Senior Wilson Center; and Aleksei Rights and Humanitarian Affairs, Research Fellow, Department of Yablokov, Deputy Chairman, U.S. Department of State, Pacific Studies, Institute of World Committee on Ecology and “Assessing Perestroika” (6 Economy and International Rational Use of Resources, USSR December 1990) Relations, Moscow; Herbert Supreme Soviet, and Scientific Levine, Professor of Economics, Advisor to Russian President Boris Vol. VIII No. 7 University of Pennsylvania; J. Yeltsin, “Environmental Alexander Rahr, Research Thomas Rimer, Professor of Devastation on a Monumental Analyst, Radio Free Europe/Radio Japanese Language and Scale” (Spring/Summer 1991) Liberty Research Institute, Literature, University of Maryland; Munich, and Fellow, Institute for and Gilbert Rozman, Professor of Vol. VIII No. 18 East-West Security Studies, New Sociology, Princeton University, Mark Teeter, Research Associate, York, “Democratic Opposition at “Soviet-Japanese Relations: Kennan Institute “The Soviet the Crossroads” (14 January Prospects for Change” (10 April Coup: Impressions of an 1991) 1991) Eyewitness” (21 August 1991)

Vol. VIII No. 8 Vol. VIII No. 14 1991–1992 Program Year: Renssalaer Lee, President, Global Sergo Mikoyan, Editor, Latinskaia Advisory Services, Alexandria, Amerika, Institute of Latin Vol. IX No. 1 Virginia; and Louise Shelley, America, USSR Academy of Olzhas Suleimenov, Co- Chair and Professor, Department Sciences, Moscow, and Fellow, Chairman, Committee on of Justice, Law, and Society, Woodrow Wilson Center, Legislation and the Observance School of Public Affairs, American “Regional Conflicts and of Legality and Law and Order, University, “Narcotics Trafficking Superpower Relations” (15 April USSR Supreme Soviet; Chairman, in the USSR” (17 January 1991) 1991) Kazakhstan Union of Writers; and 256 President, Nevada-Semipalatinsk

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER Anti-Nuclear Movement, Vol. IX No. 8 “Independence is Not Enough” Elena Bonner, Human Rights (26 September 1991) Activist, Moscow “Self- Determination the Answer?” (14 Vol. IX No. 2 January 1992) Paul H. Nitze, Diplomat-in- Residence, Paul H. Nitze School Vol. IX No. 9 of Advanced International Dale Herspring, Adjunct Studies, Johns Hopkins University, Professor of Political Science, “Power with Republics, Not Georgetown University, and Center” (30 September 1991) Fellow, Woodrow Wilson Center, “The Commonwealth and the Vol. IX No. 3 Military” (3 February 1992) Fëdor Burlatskii, former Editor, Literaturnaia gazeta, and Guest Vol. IX No. 10 Omsk. A.S. Kabalkin house. (Photo: William Scholar, Woodrow Wilson Center, Martha Brill Olcott, Professor of Brumfield) “Democrats to Use Authoritarian Political Science, Colgate Measures?” (7 November 1991) University, and Carnegie Fellow, Philosophy, Ukrainian Academy of Center on East-West Trade, Duke Sciences, Kyiv, and writer-in-resi- Vol. IX No. 4 University, “The Decolonization of dence, Pennsylvania State Egor Kuz’mich Ligachëv, Member, the USSR” (10 February 1992) University; and George Politburo of the Central Committee Mihaychuk, Assistant Professor of of the Communist Party of the Vol. IX No. 11 Russian, Georgetown University, Soviet Union (1985–1990); Zbigniew Brzezinski, Counsellor, “Cultural Restoration in Ukraine” Member, Central Committee Center for Strategic and (16 April 1992) Secretariat (1983–1990); and International Studies, and Member, Central Committee of the Osgood Professor of American Vol. IX No. 15 CPSU (1976–1990), “Perestroika in Foreign Policy, Nitze School for Ghia Nodia, Head, Department Retrospect” (14 November 1991) Advanced International Studies, of Political Philosophy, Georgian Johns Hopkins University, Academy of Sciences, Tbilisi, and Vol. IX No. 5 “Unrealistic Expectations a Research Scholar, Kennan Pilar Bonet, Chief Moscow Danger” (20 February 1992) Institute; and Michael Haltzel, Correspondent, El Pais, Madrid, Director, West European Studies and Research Scholar, Kennan Vol. IX No. 12 Program, Woodrow Wilson Institute; and Alex Pravda, Yakov Luria, Professor Emeritus, Center, “Nationalism in Post- Professor of Politics (Fellow), St. Institute of Russian Literature Communist States” (23 April Anthony’s College, Oxford (Pushkin House), Russian 1992) University, England, “The New Academy of Sciences, St. Political Elite in Russia” (6 Petersburg, and Fellow, Woodrow Vol. IX No. 16 December 1991) Wilson Center, “Tolstoy’s Nina Belyaeva, Co-founder and Philosophy of History” (12 March Director, Interlegal Research Vol. IX No. 6 1992) Center, Moscow; and Gleb Gordon Smith, Professor of Pavlovsky, Co-founder, Interlegal Government, University of South Vol. IX No. 13 Research Center, Moscow, and Carolina, “Procuracy Facing Mardo Soghomian, Director, Postfactum Information Extinction?” (9 December 1991) Correspondent, Radio Liberty, Agency, Moscow, “Law and “Politics in Armenia Today” (14 Politics in Russia” (1 May 1992) Vol. IX No. 7 April 1992) Dmitrii Radyshevskii, Reporter, Vol. IX No. 17 Moscow News, “Reporting on Vol. IX No. 14 Lev Simkin, Head, Legal Faculty, Religion in Russia” (13 January Oksana Zabuzhko, poet, and Law Academy of the Russian 1992) Research Associate, Institute of Ministry of Justice, and Short- 257

30 YEAR REPORT | PUBLICATIONS Term Scholar, Kennan Institute, Vol. X No. 6 Vol. X No. 12 “Legal Reform in Russia Today” (2 Susan Clark, Research Analyst, Alec Nove, Professor Emeritus of June 1992) Institute of Defense Analysis, Political Science, Glasgow Alexandria, Virginia, “Security University, Scotland, “Investment: Vol. IX No. 18 Priorities and the Slavic States” (7 A Theoretical and Practical Michael Confino, Samuel Rubin December 1992) Problem” (16 February 1993) Professor of Russian and East European History, Tel Aviv Vol. X No. 7 Vol. X No. 13 University; and Martin Miller, Lidiia Grafova, journalist, Kirill Yankov, Chairman, Professor of Russian History, Duke Literaturnaia gazeta; human rights Economic Reform Committee, University, “Learning from the activist; and founder and Co- Moscow Oblast’ Soviet of Present about the Past?” (15 June Chairman, Civic Assistance, People’s Deputies, and Visiting 1992) “Russian Refugees a Blessing in Fellow, National Forum Disguise?” (1 December 1992) Foundation, Washington D.C., 1992–1993 Program Year: “Regional Economic Vol. X No. 8 Development Thwarted” (6 April Vol. X No. 1 Natal’ia Kutovenko, Director, 1993) Stephen Foye, Senior Research Library Information Center, Analyst, RFE/RL Research International Banking Institute, St. Vol. X No. 14 Institute, Munich, “Russian Army Petersburg; and Harold Leich, Paul Henze, Resident Consultant, Marches Right” (29 September Russian/Soviet Area Specialist Rand Corporation, Washington 1993) Librarian, Library of Congress, D.C.; Rouben Adalian, Director, “Russian Libraries Hit Hard Academic Affairs, Armenian Vol. X No. 2 Times” (9 December 1992) Assembly of America; Gela Boris Grushin, Director, Vox Charkviani, Chief Advisor to Populi Public Opinion Research Vol. X No. 9 Georgian Head of State Eduard Service, Moscow, “Public Opinion Semën Verbitskii, independent Shevardnadze; Tedo Japaridze, Polls Not the Full Story” (5 scholar, and former Senior National Security Advisor of the October 1992) Researcher, Institute of Oriental Republic of Georgia; Jeyhun Studies, Moscow, “Russian- Mollazade, Political Counselor, Vol. X No. 3 Japanese Relations: A New Embassy of Azerbaijan in the Louise Shelley, Professor of Foreign Policy Ballgame” (1 United States; and Hafiz Justice, Law, and Society, February 1993) Peshaev, Ambassador of the American University, “Soviet Republic of Azerbaijan to the System on Trial?” (26 October Vol. X No. 10 United States, “Caucasus: Ethnic 1992) Viktor Yuzefovich, independent Conflict and Economic Decline” musicologist, and former Fellow, (1 March 1993; 8 March 1993; 15 Vol. X No. 4 Woodrow Wilson Center; March 1993; 19 March 1993) Peter Stavrakis, Associate Mstislav Rostropovich, Professor of Political Science, Conductor, National Symphony Vol. X No. 15 University of Vermont, and Orchestra; and Anatolii Dust Muhammed Dust, Historian, Research Scholar, Kennan Smelianskii, Professor of Theater Institute of Oriental Studies, Institute, “Economic Reform: History, Moscow Art Theater Moscow, and Chairman, Politics Won’t Go Away” (2 Studio School, and Short-Term Democratic Party of Tajikistan in November 1992) Scholar, Kennan Institute, “Russia Exile, “Islamic Fundamentalism and America: The Cultural Not Driving Tajik Civil War” (6 Vol. X No. 5 Connection” (11 January 1993; 3 May 1993) Peter Rollberg, Assistant February 1993) Professor of Slavic Languages and Vol. 10 No. 16 Literatures, George Washington Vol. X No. 11 Emil Payin, Head, Group on University; and Josephine Woll, Alexander Yanov, Professor of Nationality Problems, Presidential Professor of Russian Literature, Political Science, Center for Council of the Russian Federation; Howard University, “A Generation European Studies, City University Director, Center for Ethno-Political of Intentional Outsiders” (4 of New York, “Collapse of a Studies, Foreign Policy December 1992) Civilization, Not an Economy” (8 Association, Moscow; and Guest 258 February 1993) Scholar, Woodrow Wilson Center,

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER “Russian Federation Facing Fate “Regions, Not Center, Will Drive Vol. XI No. 12 of USSR?” (17 August 1993) Economic Policy” (13 December Mark Pomar, Executive Director, 1994) Board for International 1993–1994 Program Year: Broadcasting, Washington, D.C., Vol. XI No. 7 and Guest Scholar, Woodrow Vol. X1 No. 1 Andrei Tsygankov, Assistant Wilson Center; and Marc Raeff, David Goldfrank, Associate Professor, Moscow Institute for Professor Emeritus of History, Professor of History, Georgetown International Relations, and Guest Columbia University, “Anatolii University, “Russia Back in the Scholar, Cold War International Koni and the Rule of Law in Great Concert” (4 October 1993) History Project, Woodrow Wilson Russia” (1 March 1994) Center, “Russia in Need of Vol. XI No. 2 Moderate Nationalism” (20 Vol. XI No. 13 Kathleen Parthé, Associate December 1993) William McCulloch, President, Professor, Department of Foreign Russian Development Corporation, Languages, Literatures, and Vol. XI No. 8 Washington, D.C., “Lack of Credit Linguistics, University of Alexander Rahr, Research Constrains Business in Russia” (14 Rochester, and former Research Analyst, Radio Free Europe/Radio March 1994) Scholar, Kennan Institute, Liberty Research Institute, “Russkost’ and the Russian Right” Munich; and Michael Dobbs, for- Vol. XI No. 14 (7 October 1993) mer Moscow Bureau Chief, The David Hoffman, Visiting Assistant Washington Post, and Research Professor of History, Cornell Vol. XI No. 3 Scholar, Kennan Institute, “Strong University, and former Short-Term Lynn Nelson, Associate Professor Presidency Guarantor of Scholar, Kennan Institute, of Sociology, Virginia Democracy in Russia?” (13 “Peasant Culture and Urban Commonwealth University; and January 1994) Migration in the 1930s” (21 Richard Kaufman, General March 1994) Counsel, Joint Economic Vol. XI No. 9 Committee, U.S. Congress, and Herman Schwartz, Professor of Vol. XI No. 15 Fellow, Woodrow Wilson Center, Constitutional Law, American Evgenii Vodichev, Adjunct “Shock Therapy the Right Choice University, “Ambiguous Record of Professor, Russian Area Studies for Russia?” (19 October 1993) Russian Constitutional Court” (3 Program, Georgetown University, January 1994) and former Short-Term Scholar, Vol. XI No. 4 Kennan Institute, “Science in Vera Tolz, Assistant Director, Vol. XI No. 10 Siberia: In Crisis but Not Dying” Analytic Research Department, Iurii Sigov, Journalist, Vek, (21 April 1994) Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty Moscow; and Hubert Humphrey Research Institute, Munich, Fellow, University of Maryland, Vol. XI No. 16 “Center Lacks Decentralization College Park, “Print Journalism in Thomas Bradley, Assistant Strategy” (1 November 1993) Post-Soviet Russia” (13 January Director, Region Three, AFL-CIO, 1994) and former Russia Country Vol. XI No. 5 Director, AFL-CIO, “Russian Labor Antony French, Visiting Professor, Vol. XI No. 11 Unions Independent, Not University of Minnesota, Bakhtiyar Tuzmukhamedov, Necessarily Free” (12 May 1994) Minneapolis; Visiting Professor, Head, Section on Public Macalester College, St. Paul; International Law, Russian Vol. XI No. 17 Senior Lecturer in Geography, Constitutional Court, and Frances Foster, Associate University College, London; and Assistant Professor of Professor of Law, Washington former Fellow, Woodrow Wilson International Law, Diplomatic University, St. Louis, “Russian Center, “People Outmaneuvered Academy of the Russian Ministry Legal Reform and the Case of the Planners” (15 November of Foreign Affairs; and Robert Izvestiia” (6 June 1994) 1993) Sharlet, Coordinator, Institution Building Rule of Law Program, Vol. XI No. 18 Vol. XI No. 6 ARD/Chechhi, Washington, D.C., Vladimir Mikhalev, Senior Erik Whitlock, Research Analyst, “New Round of Russian Research Fellow, Institute of Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty Constitutional Reform Begins” (15 World Economy and International Research Institute, Munich, February 1994) Relations, Russian Academy of 259

30 YEAR REPORT | PUBLICATIONS Sciences, and IREX Fellow, and Soviet Power” (12 December Supported Research Scholar, Harriman Institute, Columbia 1994) Kennan Institute, “Stalin Rejected, University. “Making Sense of then Supported Korean War” (13 Russian Economic Reform” (16 Vol. XII No. 7 March 1995) June 1994) Cynthia Buckley, Assistant Professor of Sociology, University Vol. XII No. 13 1994–1995 Program Year: of Texas, Austin, “Russia’s Elderly Andrea Graziosi, Researcher, Population Growing Rapidly” (5 Department of History and Vol. XII No. 1 December 1994) Theory of Public Economy, Ellen Hamilton, Program Officer University of Naples, Italy, and for the former Soviet Union, Free Vol. XII No. 8 former Research Scholar, Kennan Trade Union Institute, Akhmed Iskenderov, Editor-in- Institute, “War in Ukraine, Washington, D.C., “Status Chief, Voprosy istorii, Russian 1918–21, Only a Prelude” (24 Neighborhoods without a Academy of Sciences, and Chair, March 1995) Market” (17 October 1994) Department of World History, Russian University of People’s Vol. XII No. 14 Vol. XII No. 2 Friendship, “Severe Crisis of State Stephen Blank, Associate Padma Desai, Gladys and Roland Power in Russia” (8 December Professor, Strategic Studies Harriman Professor of 1994) Institute, U.S. Army War College, Comparative Economic Systems, “Anti-Democratic Forces Columbia University, “Democracy Vol. VII No. 9 Consolidate in Russia” (27 March and a Functioning Market? Yes, In Vladimir Boxer, Director, Political 1995) Time” (18 October 1994) Management, Organizing Committee, Democratic Choice Vol. XII No. 15 Vol. XII No. 3 Party of Russia, and Leonid Jack F. Matlock, Jr., Kathryn and Mehrdad Haghayeghi, Assistant Gozman, Member, Federal Shelby Cullom Davis Professor in Professor of Political Science, Executive Committee, Democratic the Practice of International Southwest Missouri State Choice Party of Russia; Associate Diplomacy, School of University, and Title VIII- Professor of Social Psychology, International and Public Affairs, Supported Research Scholar, Moscow State University; and for- Columbia University; former U.S. Kennan Institute, “Islam and mer Guest Scholar, Woodrow Ambassador to the USSR; and Politics in Central Asia” (24 Wilson Center and Short-Term member, Kennan Institute October 1994) Scholar, Kennan Institute, “Power Advisory Council, “Post-Soviet Lies in the Streets in Russia” (24 Russia: An Assessment” (1 May Vol. XII No. 4 January 1995) 1995) Sergei Shishkin, Professor of Law, Irkutsk State University, Siberia, Vol. XII No. 10 Vol. XII No. 16 and Visiting Fellow, Russian Lilia Shevtsova, Director, Center J. Michael Waller, Vice President, Research Center, Harvard for Political Studies, Moscow, and American Foreign Policy Council, University, “Russian Ruling Elite Fellow,Woodrow Wilson Center, Washington, D.C., “Russian Redividing Property Among “Post-Communist Transition Security Agencies Unreformed, Itself” (25 October 1994) Yields Social Fragmentation” (30 Unmonitored” (8 May 1995) January 1995) Vol. XII No. 5 Vol. XII No. 17 Raymond Struyk, Senior Fellow, Vol. XII No. 11 Leonid Polishchuk, Research Urban Institute, and Resident Mykola Riabchouk, Deputy Associate, Center for Director, Urban Institute Editor-in-Chief, Vsevit, Kyiv, and Institutional Reform and the Technical Cooperative Program, Fulbright Scholar, Pennsylvania Informal Sector, University of Moscow, “Housing Reform in State University, “Political, Not Maryland, College Park, Russia: Slow but Certain” (31 Ethnic, Identity Will Unite “Obstacles to Economic Reform October 1994) Ukraine” (9 March 1995) in Russia” (22 May 1995)

Vol. XII No. 6 Vol. XII No. 12 Vol. XII No. 18 Amir Weiner, Title VIII-Supported Kathryn Weathersby, Assistant Eugene Huskey, Associate Research Scholar, Kennan Professor of History, Florida State Professor of Political Science and 260 Institute, “World War II, Ukraine, University, and Title VIII- Director, Russian Studies, Stetson

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER University, “Weak Russian State Elections: Judgment of the Past” and Anthropology, Russian Expanding Exponentially” (12 (1 December 1995) Academy of Sciences; Viktoria June 1995) Koroteyeva, Senior Researcher, Vol. XIII No. 7 Institute of Ethnology and 1995–1996 Program Year: Sergei Baburkin, Assistant Anthropology, Russian Academy Professor of International of Sciences; and Galina Vol. XIII No. 1 Relations, Yaroslavl’ State Soldatova, Senior Researcher, John Armstrong, Professor Pedagogical University, and USIA Institute of Ethnology and Emeritus, Department of Political Regional Exchange Scholar, Anthropology, Russian Academy Science, University of Wisconsin, Kennan Institute, “The Use of of Sciences, “Nationalism and Madison, “Russia Reasserts itself Force by Russia and the United Russia’s Republics” (8 February as Great, not Super, Power” (25 States” (4 December 1995) 1996) September 1995) Vol. XIII No. 8 Vol. XIII No. 13 Vol. XIII No. 2 Stefan Hedlund, Director, Douglas Weiner, Associate Syarghei Martynau, Ambassador, Institute of Russian and East Professor, Department of History, Embassy of the Republic of European Studies, Uppsala University of Arizona, Tucson, and Belarus, “Challenges to University, Sweden, “Does former Research Scholar, Kennan Belarusian Security” (16 October Palermo Represent the Future of Institute; Valery Soyfer, 1995) Moscow?” (12 December 1995) Distinguished University Professor, George Mason University, Vol. XIII No. 3 Vol. XIII No. 9 “Soviet-Era Ecologists: Al Gore, Vice President of the Peter Rutland, Assistant Director, Beginnings of a Civil Society?” United States, “U.S. Needs New Research and Analysis (22 February 1996) Bipartisan Consensus on Russia” Department, Open Media (19 October 1995) Research Institute (OMRI), Prague, Vol XIII No. 14 and Associate Professor of Kimitaka Matsuzato, Doctor of Vol. XIII No. 4 Government, Wesleyan University, Law, Hokkaido University, and Frederick F. Travis, Acting “Crony Capitalism in Russia” (22 Visiting Scholar, Kathryn and President, John Carroll University, January 1996) Shelby Cullom Davis Russian and Hugh Ragsdale, Professor of Research Center, Harvard History, University of Alabama, Vol. XIII No. 10 University, “Regional Russian Tuscaloosa, “George Kennan and Roger Kangas, Research Analyst, Politics and Yeltsin’s American Experts on Russia” (9 Open Media Research Institute ‘Administrative Party’” (19 March November 1995) (OMRI), Prague, and Assistant 1996) Professor of Political Science, Vol. VIII No. 5 University of Mississippi, “Multi- Vol. XIII No. 15 Marc Garcelon, Postdoctoral Lateralism in Central Asia” (29 Olga Kryshtanovskaya, Head, Fellow, Department of Sociology, January 1996) Department of Elite Studies, University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Sociology, Russian and Title VIII-Supported Research Vol. XIII No. 11 Academy of Sciences; Director, Scholar, Kennan Institute, “Shock Mark Beissinger, Professor, Institute of Policy Studies, Therapy Produces Political Department of Political Science, Moscow; and Visiting Scholar, Capitalism” (13 November 1995) University of Wisconsin, Madison, Center for Eurasian, Russian, and and Fellow, Woodrow Wilson East European Studies, Vol. XIII No. 6 Center, “Understanding Georgetown University, “Wealthy Pilar Bonet, Moscow Nationalist Violence” (5 February Russians: Privilege and Power” (2 Correspondent, El Pais; and 1996) April 1996) Member, Kennan Institute Advisory Council, and Aleksandr Vol. XIII No. 12 Vol. XIII No. 16 Tsipko, Senior Expert, Institute of Leokadia Drobizheva, Head, Sergei Ayvazyan, Foreign Policy International Economic and Sector of Ethno-Sociology, Advisor to Russian Presidential Political Studies, Russian Institute of Ethnology and Candidate Gennady Zyuganov, Academy of Sciences, Moscow; Anthropology, Russian Academy Chairman of the Communist Party and Fellow, Woodrow Wilson of Sciences; Airat Aklaev, Senior of the Russian Federation, Center, “Russian Parliamentary Researcher, Institute of Ethnology “Zyuganov Aide Outlines Russian 261

30 YEAR REPORT | PUBLICATIONS Communist Party Platform” (16 Education in Russia” (1 October “The Course of Legal Reform in April 1996) 1996) Independent Ukraine” (9 January 1997) Vol. XIII No. 17 Vol. XIV No. 5 Juliet Johnson,, Research Fellow, Grace Kennan Warnecke, Vol. XIV No. 10 Foreign Policy Studies Program, President, SOVUS Business Daniel Rosenblum, Senior The Brookings Institution, Consultants, and Co-Project Program Coordinator, Free Trade Washington, D.C., “The Evolution Supervisor, Volkov International Union Institute, Washington, D.C., of the Russian Banking System” (6 Incubator and Training Center, “Wage Non-Payment in the for- May 1996) “Small Business in Russia and the mer Soviet Union” (13 January Role of Women” (28 October 1997) Vol. XIII No. 18 1996) Khrusrav Shambezoda, Lecturer, Vol. XIV Nos. 11 & 12 Department of Russian Vol. XIV No. 6 Douglass North, Professor, Language and Literature, Louise Shelley, Professor, Department of Economics, Dushanbe Pedagogical Department of Justice, Law, and Washington University, St. Louis; University, and USIA Regional Society, American University, and Mancur Olson, Distinguished Exchange Scholar, Kennan former Title VIII-Supported University Professor of Economics, Institute. “National Linguistic Research Scholar, Kennan University of Maryland; Jerry Policy in Tajikistan” (13 June Institute, “Privatization and Hough, Professor, Department of 1996) Organized Crime in Russia” (18 Political Science, Duke University; November 1996) Edward McClennen, Professor, 1996–1997 Program Year: Department of Philosophy, Vol. XIV No. 7 Bowling Green State University; Vol. XIV No. 1 Kathleen Smith, Assistant and Don Rowney, Professor, Gregory Castillo, Associate, Professor of Government, Department of History, Bowling Center for Environmental Design Hamilton College, “Looking Back Green State University, “Civil Research, University of California, on Stalin and His Victims” (2 Society in Russia” (6 December Berkeley, “Soviet Architecture and December 1996) 1996) the National Question” (13 May 1996) Vol. XIV No. 8 Vol. XIV No. 13 Stephen Hanson, Assistant Anders Åslund, Senior Associate, Vol. XIV No. 2 Professor of Political Science, Carnegie Endowment for Valerii Kriukov, Department University of Washington, and International Peace, and former Head, Institute of Economics, Title VIII-Supported Research Research Scholar, Kennan Russian Academy of Sciences, Scholar, Kennan Institute, “The Institute; and Timothy McDaniel, Novosibirsk, and Associate Role of Ideology in Russian Party Professor of Sociology, University Professor, Novosibirsk State Formation” (9 December 1996) of California at San Diego, University. “Economic “Achievements and Failures in Development of the Siberian Gas Vol. XIV No. 9 Russian Reform” (13 February Industry” (5 September 1996) Bohdan Futey, Judge, United 1997) States Court of Federal Claims; Vol. XIV No. 3 Vitaliy Boyko, Chair of the Vol. XIV No. 14 Clifford Gaddy, Research Supreme Court of Ukraine; David Hoffmann, Assistant Associate, The Brookings Volodymyr Stretovych, Professor, Ohio State University, Institution, Washington, D.C., Committee Chair, Verkhovna Rada and Title VIII-Supported Research “The Legacy of Russia’s Defense Committee on Law Policy and Scholar, “The Soviet Turn to Industrial Cities” (30 September Legal and Judicial Reform; Social Conservatism in the 1930s” 1996) Oleksandr Lavrynovych, (17 March 1997) Committee Deputy Chair, Vol. XIV No. 4 Verkhovna Rada Committee on Vol. XIV No. 15 Olga Safronenko, Chair, English Law Policy and Legal and Judicial Igor Zevelev, Head Research Language Department, Rostov Reform; and Viktor Shishkin, Associate Institute of World State University, and USIA Subcommittee Chair, Verkhovna Economy and International Regional Exchange Scholar, Rada Committee on Law Policy Relations, Moscow, and Fellow, 262 Kennan Institute, “Higher and Legal and Judicial Reform, Woodrow Wilson Center; and

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER Karen Dawisha, Professor, New Regional Elite” (29 “Ukraine: Challenges for 1998” Department of Government and September 1997) (12 January 1998) Politics, University of Maryland, College Park, “Russian Nation- Vol. XV No. 3 Vol. XV No. 10 Building and the New Diasporas” James Millar, Director, Institute Kathryn Stoner-Weiss, Assistant (17 April 1997) for European, Russian, and Professor of Politics and Eurasian Studies, George International Affairs, Princeton Vol. XIV No. 16 Washington University, University, “‘Local Heroes’ and Lev Freinkman, Consultant, “Convergence Theory and the Political Economy in Russia’s Russia Operations, The World End of Socialism” (6 October Regions” (22 January 1998) Bank, Washington, D.C., 1997) “Regional Subsidies in Russia” (21 Vol. XV No. 11 April 1997) Vol. XV No. 4 Nikolai Ivnitskii, Professor, David McDonald, Associate Institute of Russian History, Vol. XIV No. 17 Professor, Department of History, Russian Academy of Sciences, Alan Greenspan, Chairman, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Moscow, “The ‘Real Story’ of Board of Governors of the “Provincialism: Eighteenth- Collectivization and Federal Reserve System, “The Century Russia’s Gift to the Dekulakization” (9 December Embrace of Free Markets” (10 Future” (30 October 1997) 1997) June 1997) Vol. XV No. 5 Vol. XV No. 12 Vol. XIV No. 18 Dominique Arel, Assistant D.J. Peterson, Resident Robert Huber, Vice President, Professor, Watson Institute, Brown Consultant, International Studies International Research and University, “Elections in Ukraine: Group, RAND Corporation, Santa Exchanges Board (IREX), and Consolidation or Polarization” (3 Monica, “Russia’s Transition Guest Scholar, Kennan Institute, November 1997) Brings New Environmental “Is the Russian Duma a Real Problems” (2 February 1998) Parliament?” (16 June 1997) Vol. XV No. 6 Peter Kirkow, Political Vol. XV No. 13 1997–1998 Program Year: Economist, Centre for Russian Mikhail Mikhailovich Prussak, and East European Studies, Governor, Novgorod Oblast’, Vol. XV No. 1 University of Birmingham, “Regional Development: The Aleksandr Fursenko, Chairman, “Foreign Direct Investment in View from Novgorod” (2 March Division of History, Russian Russia’s Regions” (17 November 1998) Academy of Sciences, and former 1997) Fellow, Woodrow Wilson Center, Vol. XV No. 14 and Timothy Naftali, Visiting Vol. XV No. 7 Robert Freedman, President, Assistant Professor, Department Vladimir Dubovik, Associate Baltimore Hebrew University, of History, and Olin Fellow, Professor, Odesa State University, “Russian-Iranian Relations: A International Security Studies, and USIA Regional Exchange Tactical Alliance?” (9 March 1998) Yale University, and former Title Scholar, Kennan Institute, “U.S.- VIII-Supported Research Scholar, Ukraine Relations: Past, Present, Vol. XV No. 15 Kennan Institute, “The Cuban and Future” (2 December 1997) Vladimir Popov, Chairman, St. Missile Crisis and ‘One Hell of a Petersburg Union of Architects, Gamble’” (19 June 1997) Vol. XV No. 8 and Iurii Bocharov, Academician Justin Burke, Associate Director, in City Planning and Construction Vol. XV No. 2 Forced Migration Project, Open Sciences, Russian Academy of Heyward Isham, Vice President, Society Institute, New York, Architecture, Moscow, “St. Institute for EastWest Studies, “Language Policy and Citizenship Petersburg and Moscow in New York; Robert Orttung, in the former Soviet Union” (15 Transition” (6 November and 13 Senior Research Analyst, Institute December 1997) November 1997) for EastWest Studies, New York; and Peter Rutland, Associate Vol. XV No. 9 Vol. XV No. 16 Professor, Department of Carlos Pascual, Director of Albina Tretyakova-Birman, Government, Wesleyan University, Russian, Ukrainian, and Eurasian Resident U.S. Treasury Advisor to “Anatomy of a Dinosaur: Russia’s Affairs, National Security Council, the Russian Finance Ministry, and 263

30 YEAR REPORT | PUBLICATIONS Richard Curtin, Director, Surveys Waste Management in Russia” (19 John Tedstrom, Research Leader of Consumers, Survey Research October 1998) for Russian, Ukrainian, and Center, University of Michigan, Eurasian Affairs, RAND “Consumer Sentiment Index in Vol. XVI No. 5 Corporation, Washington, D.C., Russia Aids Policy-Makers” (26 David Satter, Senior Fellow, “U.S. Policy on Ukraine: Looking March 1998) Hudson Institute, and Visiting to the Future” (11 January 1999) Scholar, School for Advanced Vol. XV No. 17 International Studies, Johns Vol. XVI No. 11 Lynn Visson, Staff Interpreter, Hopkins University, “From Larissa Titarenko, Professor of United Nations, “Advantages ‘Criminal Communism’ to ‘Criminal Sociology, Belarus State and Challenges of Russian- Capitalism’” (9 November 1998) University, and Fellow, Woodrow American Marriages” (8 June Wilson Center, “Generations in 1998) Vol. XVI No. 6 Belarus” (25 January 1999) Donald Jensen, Associate Vol. XV No. 18 Director of Broadcasting, Radio Vol. XVI No. 12 Hugh Ragsdale, Professor Free Europe/Radio Liberty, Glenn Schweitzer, Director of the Emeritus of History, University of Prague, “Russia’s Economic Crisis Office for Central Europe and Alabama, and Mark Kramer, and the Ruling Elite” (16 Eurasia, National Research Director, Harvard Project on Cold November 1998) Council in Washington, D.C., War Studies, and Senior “The Future of Technology Associate, Davis Center for Vol. XVI No. 7 Development in Russia” (22 Russian Studies, Harvard Hope Harrison, Assistant February 1999) University, “Soviet Actions during Professor, Department of the Munich Crisis of 1938” (11 Government and Law, Lafayette Vol. XVI No. 13 June 1998) College, and Title VIII-Supported Miklos Kun, Professor of History, Research Scholar, and David Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE), 1998–1999 Program Year: Murphy, former CIA Station Budapest, and Mark Kramer, Chief, Berlin, 1954–61, “East Director, Harvard Project on Cold Vol. XVI No. 1 German Pressure on the Soviets War Studies, and Senior Oleksandr Rodnyansky, General to Build the Berlin Wall” (4 Associate, Davis Center for Director, Ukrainian TV broadcast- December 1998)** Russian Studies, Harvard ing company 1+1, “Media University, “Filling in the Blank Development in Ukraine” (21 Vol. XVI No.8 Spots of the Prague Spring” (23 September 1998) Anatol Shmelev, Researcher, February 1999) Russia/CIS Collection, Hoover Vol. XVI No. 2 Institution, Stanford University, Vol. XVI No. 14 Thane Gustafson, Director, and Title VIII-Supported Research Kathleen Smith, Assistant Cambridge Energy Research Scholar, and Vladimir Brovkin, Professor, Department of Associates, and Professor, NATO Research Fellow; Program Government, Hamilton College, Department of Government, Coordinator, United Research and Title VIII-Supported Research Georgetown University, “The Centers on Organized Crime in Scholar, Kennan Institute, Successes and Failures of Eurasia (UReCOrCE), American “Commemorative Holidays in Capitalism Russian-Style” (5 University; and former Title-VIII Post-Soviet Russia” (8 March October 1998) Supported Research Scholar, 1999) Kennan Institute, “The Legacy of Vol. XVI No. 3 White Foreign Policy” (15 Vol. XVI No. 15 William Green Miller, former December 1998)** Stephen Holmes, Professor, Ambassador to Ukraine and Public School of Law, New York Policy Scholar, Woodrow Wilson Vol. XVI No. 9 University; Professor, Department Center, “Building a Relationship Alfred Evans, Professor, of Politics, Princeton University; with Ukraine” (28 September Department of Political Science, and Editor-in-Chief, East 1998) California State University, Fresno, European Constitutional Review, “Relations between Local and “Rethinking Legal Reform Vol. XVI No. 4 Regional Governments” (7 Assistance to Russia” (15 April Thomas Jandl, Director, Bellona January 1999) 1999) 264 USA, Washington, D.C., “Nuclear Vol. XVI No. 10

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER Vol. XVI No. 16 Vol. XVI No.6 Lucan Way, World Bank Mikhail Alexseev, Assistant Consultant, Washington, D.C., Professor of Political Science, “State-Building and Appalachian State University, and Intergovernmental Finance in former Title VIII-Supported Ukraine” (20 April 1999) Research Scholar, Kennan Institute, “The North Caucasus Vol. XVI No. 17 Conflict and its Implications for John Glad, former Director, Russia” (18 November 1999) Kennan Institute, “Russian Communities Abroad” (3 May Vol. XVII No. 7 1999) Linda Randall, Associate Professor, College of Business Vol. XVI No. 18 Administration, and Chair, Tim Frye, Assistant Professor, Department of Management, Omsk. Log house. (Photo: William Brumfield) Department of Political Science, University of Rhode Island; Ohio State University, “Small Member, Kennan Institute Businesses in Russia: Property Advisory Council; and former Title International, Washington, D.C., Rights and Investment” (14 June VIII-Supported Research Scholar, “Enterprise Development for 1999) Kennan Institute, “Russian Women in Russia and Ukraine” Managers and Business Reform” (24 January 2000) 1999–2000 Program Year: (29 November 1999) Vol. XVII No. 12 Vol. XVII Nos. 1 & 2 Vol. XVII No. 8 Amy Knight, Visiting Lecturer, James A. Baker, III, former Mikhail Gorbachev, President of Department of Political Science, Secretary of State, “Moving Past Green Cross International and the Carleton University, and former ‘Who Lost Russia?’” (4 October International Foundation for Socio- Fellow, Woodrow Wilson Center, 1999) Economic and Political Studies, “Who Killed Kirov? ‘The Crime of former General Secretary of the the Century’” (24 February 2000) Vol. XVII No. 3 Communist Party of the Soviet Martha Merritt, Assistant Union, and former President of the Vol. XVII No. 13 Professor, Department of Soviet Union, “After the New Paul Christensen, Assistant Government, University of Notre World Order” (7 December 1999) Professor of Political Science, Dame, and former Title VIII- Syracuse University, “Left Politics Supported Short-Term Scholar, Vol. XVII No. 9 in Russia Today” (28 February Kennan Institute, “The State Andrew Wilson, Lecturer in 2000) Duma and Russian Politics” (4 Ukrainian Studies, School of October 1999) Slavonic and East European Vol. XVII No. 14 Studies, University College, Steven Solnick, Associate Vol. XVII No. 4 London, “Ukrainian National Professor of Political Science, Hilary Appel, Assistant Professor Identity: The ‘Other Ukraine’” (6 Columbia University, and former of Political Science, Claremont December 1999) Title VIII-Supported Research McKenna College, and Title VIII- Scholar, Kennan Institute, Supported Research Scholar, Vol. XVII No. 10 “Predictions for the Putin Kennan Institute, “The Role of Harley Balzer, Director, Center Presidency” (27 March 2000) Ideology in Privatization for Eurasian, Russian, and East Programs” (25 October 1999) European Studies, Georgetown Vol. XVII No. 15 University, and former Title VIII- Catherine Wanner, Senior Vol. XVI No. 5 Supported Research Scholar, Lecturer, Department of Taras Kuzio, Honorary Visiting Kennan Institute, “Russian Anthropology, Pennsylvania State Research Fellow, Stasiuk Program Education and National Security” University, “Holidays and Nation- on Contemporary Ukraine, (10 January 2000) Building in Ukraine” (20 March University of Alberta, “Nation- 2000) Building in Ukraine: A Growing Vol. XVII No. 11 Elite Consensus” (9 November Karen Sherman, Vice President Vol. XVII No. 16 1999) for Programs, Counterpart Leokadia Drobizheva, Chair, 265

30 YEAR REPORT | PUBLICATIONS Institute of Ethnography and Vol. XVIII No. 5 Wendt Chair in Political Economy, Anthropology, Russian Academy Joseph Berliner, Professor American Enterprise Institute, of Sciences, Moscow, and Emeritus, Department of Washington, D.C., “Russia’s Viktoria Koroteyeva, Senior Economics, Brandeis University; Demographic Crisis” (5 February Researcher, Institute of Robert Tucker, Professor 2001) Ethnography and Anthropology, Emeritus, Department of Politics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Princeton University; and Abbott Vol. XVIII No. 12 Moscow, “Social Status and Gleason, Professor, Department of Oleksandr Pavliuk, Kolarsky Ethnicity in Russian Republics” (3 History, Brown University, and for- Exchange Fellow, Canadian April 2000) mer Secretary, Kennan Institute, Institute of Ukrainian Studies; “Looking Back at the Origins of Visiting Scholar, Centre for Vol. XVII No. 17 Soviet Studies” (19 October 2000) Russian and East European Sergei Baburkin, Professor, Studies, University of Toronto; Department of History, Yaroslavl Vol. XVIII No. 6 Director, Kyiv Centre of the State Pedagogical University, and Alexandra Hrycak, Assistant EastWest Institute; and Advisory Galina Starovoitova Fellow on Professor of Sociology, Reed Council Member, Kennan Human Rights and Conflict College, “Women’s NGOs in Institute, “Ukraine’s Regional Resolution, Kennan Institute, Ukraine: A Tale of Two Publics” Politics: The Case of GUUAM” (12 “Human Rights in Russia” (12 (30 October 2000) February 2001) June 2000) Vol. XVIII No. 7 Vol. XVIII No. 13 Vol. XVII No. 18 Michael Bradshaw, Professor of Aleksandr Oslon, Director, Public Zbigniew Brzezinski, former Human Geography, University of Opinion Foundation, Moscow, “A National Security Adviser, “Russia Leicester, “Globalization and the Pollster’s Perspective on the Putin and a Post-Divided Europe” (19 Russian Transition” (6 November Phenomenon” (9 March 2001) July 2000) 2000) Vol. XVIII No. 14 2000–2001 Program Year: Vol. XVIII No. 8 Peter Reddaway, Professor of Emil Payin, Director, Center for Political Science and International Vol. XVIII No. 1 Ethnopolitical and Regional Affairs, George Washington Condoleezza Rice, Chief Foreign Studies, INDEM Foundation, University, and former Secretary, Policy Advisor to George W. Moscow, and Galina Starovoitova Kennan Institute, “Market Bush, “Leadership in a Changing Fellow on Human Rights and Bolshevism against Democracy” World” (27 April 2000) Conflict Resolution, Kennan (19 March 2001) Institute; and Michael Thumann, Vol. XVIII No. 2 journalist, Die Ziet, Moscow Vol. XVIII No. 15 Leon Fuerth, National Security Bureau, “Evolution of Center- Stephen Hanson, Associate Advisor to Vice President Al Gore, Periphery Relations” (1 December Professor, Department of Political “Russia’s Future and U.S. Policy” 2000) Science, University of Washington, (25 July 2000) and former Title VIII-Supported Vol. XVIII No. 9 Research Scholar, Kennan Institute, Vol. XVIII No. 3 Celeste Wallander, Senior “The Anti-Revolutionary Nikolai Bondar, Justice, Fellow, European Studies, Council Revolution in Russia” (2 April 2001) Constitutional Court of the on Foreign Affairs, “National Russian Federation, Security and Foreign Policy under Vol. XVIII No. 16 “Constitutional Development in Putin” (27 November 2000) Steven Levine, Mansfield Present-Day Russia” (26 Professor of Asia Pacific Studies, September 2000) Vol. XVIII No. 10 University of Montana; Aleksei Margaret Paxson, Title VIII- Voskressenski, Professor and Vol. XVIII No. 4 Supported Research Scholar, Head, Department of Asian Judyth Twigg, Assistant Professor, Kennan Institute, “Social Studies, MGIMO-University, Department of Political Science Organization and Exchange in Moscow, and former Regional and Public Administration, Virginia Rural Russia” (29 January 2001) Exchange Scholar, Kennan Commonwealth University, Institute; Jeanne Wilson, “Russian Health Care in Crisis” (2 Vol. XVIII No. 11 Associate Professor, Department 266 October 2000) Nicholas Eberstadt, Henry of Political Science, Wheaton

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER College; and Alexander Lukin, Academy, and former Title VIII- and Galina Starovoitova Fellow Visiting Fellow, Center for Supported Research Scholar, for Human Rights and Conflict Northeast Asian Policy Studies Kennan Institute, “Empowered Prevention, Kennan Institute, (CNAPS), Foreign Policy Studies, Victims: Moscow’s Homeless “The Development of Russian Brookings Institution, Washington, Children.” (24 October 2001) Civil Society” (14 January 2002) D.C., “The Prospects for a Sino- Russian Strategic Partnership.” Vol. XIX No. 5 Vol. XIX No. 11 (11 April 2001) S. Frederick Starr, Chairman, Sergei Kirienko, Presidential Central Asia-Caucasus Institute, Representative to the Volga Vol. XVIII No. 17 School of International Studies, District, “Russia’s Presidential Pavlo Bosy, Producer, Little Globe Johns Hopkins University, and for- Districts: A Representative’s View” Theater, Kirovohrad, and OSI mer Secretary, Kennan Institute, (30 January 2002) Research Fellow, New School “Long-Term Solutions in the University, New York, Afghan Region” (5 November Vol. XIX No. 12 “Contemporary Ukrainian Theater 2001) Mikhail Prussak, Governor, as Baroque Carnival” (1 May 2001) Novgorod Oblast, “Russia’s Vol. XIX No. 6 Presidential Districts: A Vol. XVIII No. 18 Nicholas Gvosdev, Executive Governor’s View” (7 February Jan Kalicki, Public Policy Scholar, Editor, The National Interest, and 2002) Woodrow Wilson Center, Associate Director, Institute of “Caspian Energy: Issues and Church-State Studies, Baylor Vol. XIX No. 13 Prospects” (14 May 2001) University, “Identity, Politics, and Leon Aron, Resident Scholar, Religion: Orthodoxy in Ukraine” American Enterprise Institute, 2001–2002 Program Year: (26 November 2001) Washington, D.C., “Self- Knowledge in Contemporary Vol. XIX No. 1 Vol. XIX Nos. 7&8 Russian Literature” (10 December Oleksiy Haran, Professor, David Abramson, Fellow, 2001) Department of Political Science, American Association for the University of Kyiv-Mohyla Advancement of Science, Vol. XIX No. 14 Academy, and ECA Regional Washington, D.C.; Armine James Goodby, Senior Research Exchange Scholar, Kennan Ishkanian, Research Fellow, Fellow, Massachusetts Institute of Institute, “The Power of the Left Institute of Slavic, East European, Technology, and Nonresident in Ukraine.” (18 June 2001) and Eurasian Studies, University Senior Fellow, Brookings of California, Berkeley; Kathleen Institution, Washington, D.C., Vol. XIX No. 2 Kuehnast, Research Associate, “Facing the New Russian Mark Katz, Professor of George Washington University, Challenge” (18 March 2002) Government and Politics, George and former Title VIII-Supported Mason University; former Title Research Scholar, Kennan Vol. XIX No. 15 VIII-Supported Research Scholar, Institute; and Michele Rivkin-Fish, Laada Bilaniuk, Assistant Kennan Institute; and former Visiting Professor, University of Professor of Anthropology, Research Associate, Kennan Michigan, “Women and Foreign University of Washington, and Institute, “The Uncertain Russian- Assistance in the NIS” (7 Shklar Research Fellow, Harvard Iranian Partnership.” (24 November 2001) Ukrainian Research Institute, September 2001) “Defining Surzhyk in Vol. XIX No. 9 Contemporary Ukraine” (11 Vol. XIX No. 3 Stacy Closson, former Ukraine March 2002) Robert Orttung, Editor in Chief, Country Director, Office of the Russian Regional Report, Secretary, U.S. Department of Vol. XIX No. 16 EastWest Institute, New York, Defense, “Euroatlantic Integration Sergei Yushenkov, co-chair of the “Putin’s Reforms and Russia’s and Military Reform in Ukraine” (7 “Liberal Russia” party and Governors.” (15 October 2001) January 2002) Deputy, Russian State Duma; Sergei Markov, Director, Political Vol. XIX No. 4 Vol. XIX No. 10 Research Institute, Moscow; and Clementine Fujimura, Associate Aleksandr Nikitin, Director, Elena Bonner, Chair, Andrei Professor, Department of Coalition for the Environment and Sakharov Foundation, Moscow, Language Studies, U.S. Naval Human Rights, St. Petersburg, “Foiled Attack or Failed Exercise? 267

30 YEAR REPORT | PUBLICATIONS A Look at Ryazan 1999” (24 April Vol. XX No. 5 “Chechnya: Anti-Terrorist 2002) Harley Balzer, Associate Operation or Human Rights Professor of Government, Disaster?” (6 January 2003) Vol. XIX No. 17 Georgetown University; former Sarah Lindemann, Open Society Title VIII-Supported Research Vol. XX No. 11 Fellow, Novosibirsk, “Grassroots Scholar, Kennan Institute; and Victor Yuzefovich, musicologist, Civil Society Development in member, Kennan Institute Washington, D.C.; Leonid Siberia” (8 April 2002) Advisory Council, “Russia’s Hrabovsky, composer, New York, Democratic Dilemmas.” (21 NY; Anne Swartz, Professor of Vol. XIX No. 18 October 2002) Music, Baruch College, City Vic Fisher, Professor of Public University of New York, and for- Affairs, University of Alaska, Vol. XX No. 6 mer Short-Term Scholar, Kennan Anchorage, and Director, Alaska Cynthia Buckley, Associate Institute, “The Russian Influence Chukotka Development Program, Professor of Sociology and on American Music.” (18 February “Alaska, Chukotka, and the Associate Director, Center for 2003) Oligarch Governor” (6 May 2002) Russian, East European, and Eurasian Studies, University of Vol. XX No. 12 2002–2003 Program Year: Texas, Austin; and former Title Frank Sysyn, Senior Fellow, VIII-Supported Short-Term Centre for Russian and East Vol. XX No. 1 Scholar, Kennan Institute, “Russia European Studies, University of Richard Dean, Partner and Head Counts: The 2002 Russian Toronto, and Director, Peter of Russia and Central Asia Census.” (18 November 2002) Jacyk Centre for Ukrainian Practice, Coudert Brothers LLP, Historical Research, University of “Reform in Russia and Kazakhstan Vol. XX No. 7 Alberta; Sergei Zhuk, Title VIII- and the U.S. Investor.” (3 June Robert Edelman, Professor of Supported Research Scholar, 2002) History, University of California- Kennan Institute, “The San Diego, Craig Masback, Chief Harmonization of Russian and Vol. XX No. 2 Executive Officer, U.S. Track and Ukrainian Textbooks.” (30 Kathleen Kuehnast, Research Field Association; Ken Dryden January 2003) Associate, Institute for European, President, Toronto Maple Leafs, Russian and Eurasian Studies, “The Russian Influence on Vol. XX No. 13 George Washington University; American Sport.” (12 December Martha Merritt, Assistant former Title VIII-Supported 2002) Professor of Political Science, Research Scholar, Kennan University of Notre Dame, and Institute; and member, Kennan Vol. XX No. 8 former Title VIII-Supported Institute Advisory Council; and Robert Crews, Title VIII- Research Scholar, Kennan Nora Dudwick, Senior Social Supported Research Scholar, Institute, “Presidential Scientist, World Bank, “Better a Kennan Institute, “Islam and the Accountability in Russia and the Hundred Friends than a Hundred Imperial Legacy in Russia and United States.” (17 March 2003) Rubles?” (6 June 2002) Central Asia.” (25 November 2002) Vol. XX No. 14 Vol. XX No. 3 Nadia Diuk, Director, Central Kathryn Stoner-Weiss, Assistant Vol. XX No. 9 Europe and Eurasia Section, Professor of Politics and Public Mehrdad Haghayeghi, Associate National Endowment for Affairs, Center of International Professor, Department of Political Democracy, “Post-Soviet Youth in Studies, Princeton University, Science, Southwest Missouri State Russia, Ukraine, and Azerbaijan.” “Putin’s Attempts at University and former Title VIII- (24 March 2003) Recentralization.” (6 June 2002) Supported Research Scholar, Kennan Institute, “Post-9/11 Vol. XX No. 15 Vol. XX No. 4 Security Dynamics in Central William Green Miller, Senior Pavlo Kutuev, Associate Asia.” (21 January 2003) Policy Scholar, Woodrow Wilson Professor of Sociology and Center and former U.S. Politics, University of Kyiv-Mohyla Vol. XX No. 10 Ambassador to Ukraine, “The Academy, “Super-Presidentialism, Matthew Evangelista, Professor, Possibilities for Democratic Rule Power and Scandal in Ukraine.” Department of Government, in Ukraine.” (31 March 2003) 268 (15 October 2002) Cornell University,

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER Vol. XX No. 16 in Central Asia: Competition for of Political Science, Director, Sergiy Komisarenko, President, Influence.” (23 September 2003) Center for Russian and East Ukrainian Institute for Peace and European Studies, University of Democracy, Kyiv, “Challenges Lie Vol. XXI No. 5-6 2003 Kansas, “Ukraine’s Political Ahead for Ukrainian Democracy.” “The Integration of Russia into Landscape and the 2004 (7 April 2003) the International Academic Presidential Elections.” (18 Community: Perspectives From December 2003) Vol. XXI No. 1 Russian Education and Suzanne Carbonneau, Professor Scholarship.” Conference report. Vol. XXI No. 12 2004 of Performance and (30 September–1 October 2003) David Hoffman, Foreign Editor, Interdisciplinary Studies in the The Washington Post, “Oligarchic Arts, George Mason University; Vol. XXI No. 7 2004 Capitalism in Putin’s Russia: The Camille Hardy, Principal “The Ukrainian Man-Made Khodorkovsky Case.” (27 January Researcher, Popular Balanchine Famine of 1932-1933.” 2004) Project, New York, and Senior Conference report. (13 November Critic, Dance Magazine; Suzanne 2003) Vol. XXI No. 13 2004 Farrell, Suzanne Farrell Ballet Pilar Bonet, Correspondent, El Company, The John F. Kennedy Vol. XXI No. 8 2004 Pais, Moscow Bureau, and former Center for the Performing Arts, “Islam in Russia: History, Politics Research Scholar, Kennan “Culture/Kultura: Russian and Culture.” Conference report. Institute, “Democracy in Russia: A Influences on American (5 November 2003) Virtual Reality?” (2 February 2004) Performing Arts: Dance.” (5 May 2003) Vol. XXI No. 9 2004 Vol. XXI No. 14 2004 Leslie Jacobson, Professor and David Engerman, Assistant Vol. XXI No. 2 Chair, Department of Theater, Professor, Department of History, Mark Johnson, Professor of George Washington University; Brandeis University, and former History, Colorado College, Andrei Malaev-Babel, Producing Title VIII-Supported Short-Term “Systemic Crises and Prospects Artistic Director, Stanislavsky Scholar, Kennan Institute, for Reform in Central Asia.” (2 Theater Studio; Sarah Kane, “Modernization from the Other June 2003) Artistic Associate, Stanislavsky Shore: American Intellectuals and Theater Studio, “Culture/Kultura: the Romance of Russian 2003–2004 Program Year: Russian Influences on American Development.” (19 February 2004) Performing Arts: Theater.” (10 Vol. XXI No. 3 2003 October 2003) Vol. XXI No. 15 2004 Marshall Goldman, Davis James Billington, Librarian of Professor of Russian Economics Vol. XXI No. 10 2004 Congress, and former Director, (Emeritus), Wellesley College, and Annette Michelson, Professor of Woodrow Wilson Center, Associate Director, Davis Center Cinema Studies, New York “Reflections on Orthodoxy and for Russian and Eurasian Studies, University; Naum Kleiman, the Construction of Civil Society Harvard University, “The Director, Moscow Cinema and Democracy in Russia.” (25 Piratization of Russia: Russian Museum, “Culture/Kultura: March 2004) Reform Goes Awry.” (1 May 2003) Russian Influences on American Performing Arts: Film.” (5 Vol. XXI No. 16 2004 Vol. XXI No. 4 2003 December 2003) Colin Powell, United States Peter Sinnott, Adjunct Assistant Secretary of State, “Three Professor of International Affairs, Vol. XXI No. 11 2004 Principles of Diplomacy.” (25 Harriman Institute, Columbia Taras Kuzio, Resident Fellow, March 2004) University; Mehrdad Haghayeghi, Centre for Russian and East Associate Professor of Political European Studies, and Adjunct Vol. XXI No. 17 2004 Science, Southwest Missouri State Professor, Department of Political Anatoly Krasikov, Director, University, and former Title VIII- Science, University of Toronto; Center of Social and Religious Supported Research Scholar, Rostyslav Pavlenko, Director of Studies, Institute of Europe, Kennan Institute; Nikolai Zlobin, Programs, School for Policy Russian Academy of Sciences, Director of Russian and Asian Analysis, University of Kyiv- Moscow, and Galina Starovoitova Programs, Center for Defense Mohyla Academy; Paul D’Anieri, Fellow on Human Rights and Information, “Security Dilemmas Associate Professor, Department Conflict Resolution, Kennan 269

30 YEAR REPORT | PUBLICATIONS Institute, “Religious Freedom as a Condition for Russia’s Revival in the 21st Century.” (6 April 2004)

Vol. XXI No. 18 2004 Tatiana R. Zaharchenko, Visiting Scholar, Environmental Law Institute, Washington, D.C., and Title VIII-Supported Research Scholar, Kennan Institute, “The Aarhus Convention Test: Environmentalists and Freedom of Information in Post-Soviet States.” (19 April 2004)

Tobolsk. Panorama of Lower District, with Churches of Archangel Michael and Nativity of the Virgin. (Photo: William Brumfield)

Kennan Moscow Project Publications

Books iza [Liberal Feminism in Russia Shtatov Ameriki [Russian- and the West: Comparative American Relations Following the Professionaly za sotrydnichestvo Analysis]. Moscow: 2000. Election of the New U.S. [Professionals for Cooperation], President]. Moscow: 2001. Volume 3. Moscow: Kennan Koldun i ved’ma v kontekste Moscow Project, 1999. russkoi kul’tyry 18 veka [Wizard Conference Reports and Witch in the Context of Professionaly za sotrydnichestvo Russian Culture in the 18th Regiony Rossii: vzaimodeistvie i [Professionals for Cooperation], Century]. Moscow: 2000. razvitie [Regions of Russia: Volume 4. Moscow: Kennan Interaction and Development]. Moscow Project, 2000. Mezhsektornoe sotsial’noe part- Moscow: 2001. nerstvo [Intersectoral Social Politicheskie i ekonomicheskie Rossiya-2001: novye tendetsii Partnership]. Moscow: 2001. preobrazovaniya v Rossii i politicheskogo, ekonomicheskogo Ukraine/ Politychni i Ekonomichni Liberal’nye interpretatsii problemy i sotsial’nogo razvitiya [Russia- Peretvorennia v Rosiyi i Ukraini natsyi i natsyonal’nykh prav v 2001: New Tendencies of [Political and Economic proshlom i nastoyashchem Political, Economic and Social Transformation in Russia and Development]. Moscow, 2002. [Liberal Interpretations of the Ukraine]. Moscow: Tri kvadrata, Problem of National Rights: Past 2003. Problemy identichnosti: chelovek i and Present]. Moscow: 2001. obshchestvo na poroge tretiego tysyacheletiya Seminar Booklets Rossiisko-amerikanskye [Problems of otnosheniya posle izbraniya novo- Identity: Man and Society on the eshold of the 3rd Millenium]. Liberal’nyi feminism v Rossii i na go prezidenta Soedinennykh Thr 270 Zapade: opyt sravnitel’nogo anal- Moscow, 2003.

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER Rossiia i Evropeyskiy Soiuz [Russia and the European Union]. Moscow, 2004.

Vestnik Instituta Kennana v Rossii [Herald of the Kennan Institute in Russia]

Volume 1, Spring 2002

Volume 2, Fall 2002

Volume 3, Spring 2003

Volume 4, Fall 2003

Volume 5, Spring 2004

Volume 6, Fall 2004

Tobolsk. Northeast tower, Sophia Court. (Photo: William Brumfield)

Kennan Kyiv Project Publications

Seminar Booklets “Netraditsiiny” mihranty v Kyivi Ukraina pislia parlametns’kykh [“Non-traditional” Immigrants in vyboriv: pohliad naperedodni Quo vadis, Ukraino? Problemy Kyiv]. Kyiv: 2000. [Ukraine after the Parliamentary formuvannia livoho tsentru pislia Elections: Perspective View]. Kyiv: prezydents’kykh vyboriv 1999 r. Nasha stolytsia—pohliad u 2002. [Quo vadis, Ukraine? The maibutnie [Our Capital—a Glance Problem of Formation of the into the Future]. Kyiv: 2001. Vybory vidbulysia! Chy zminy “Left Center” after the pochalysia? [Elections are Done! Presidential Elections of 1999]. Suchasna politychna sytuatsiia v Will Changes Commence?]. Kyiv: Kyiv: 1999. Ukraini: mizh Skhodom i 2002 Zakhodom [The Current Political Parlamentaryzm v Ukraini: proble- Situation in Ukraine: between East Vitchyzniana istoriia v shkolakh i my vidkrytosti, demokratyzatsii i and West]. Kyiv: 2001. vuzakh Ukrainy: ostannie desi- doviry [Parliamentarism in atyrichchia [Ukrainian History at Ukraine: Problems of Openness, Rozvytok hromadians’koi osvity v Schools and Universities: the Last Democratization, and Trust]. Kyiv: Ukraini [The Development of Civic Decade]. Kyiv: 2002. 2000. Education in Ukraine]. Kyiv: 2001. Movna sytuatsiia v Ukraini ta Pravi partii v Ukraini [The Right Humanitarna osvita v Ukraini dyskusii navkolo ukrains’koho Parties in Ukraine]. Kyiv: 2000. [Humanities Education in Ukraine]. pravopysu [The Language Kyiv: 2002. Situation in Ukraine and a

**Document out of print. 271

30 YEAR REPORT | PUBLICATIONS Discussion of Ukrainian of Crimean Repatriates into nomichni, sotsial’ni problemy Orthography]. Kyiv: 2002. Ukrainian Society]. Kyiv: 2004. rehionalizatsii [The Development of Ukraine in Regional Bahatokul’turnist’ i stanovlennia Perspektyvy politychnoyi struktu- Perspective: Political, Economic, suchasnoho demokratychnoho ryzatsiyi suspil’stva v umovakh and Social Problems of suspil’stva [Multiculturalism and pidgotovky i provedennya vyboriv Regionalization]. Kyiv: Kennan the Development of Modern Presydenta Ukrayiny [Prospects Kyiv Project and Stylos, 2002. Democratic Society]. Kyiv: 2003. for the Political Structuring of Society in the Context of Ukraina v Suchasnomu Sviti Ukrains’ko-rosiis’ke porubizhzhia: Presidential Elections]. Kyiv: 2004. [Ukraine in the Contemporary formuvannia sotsial’noho ta kul’- World]. Kyiv: Kennan Kyiv Project turnoho prostoru v istorii ta v Books and Stylos, 2003. suchasnii politytsi [Ukrainian- Russian Borderland: Formation of Perekhidnyi period v Ukraini ta v Ukraina—Problema identychnosti: a Social and Cultural Environment Rosii: polityka, ekonomika, liudyna, ekonomika, suspil’stvo in Historical Prospect and in etnosotsial’ni protsesy [The [Ukraine—The Problem of Contemporary Policy]. Kyiv: 2003. Transition Period in Ukraine and Identity: Population, Economics, Russia: Politics, Economics, and and Society]. Kyiv: Kennan Kyiv Ukraina v konteksti hlobal’nykh ta Ethnosocial Processes]. Kyiv: Project and Stylos, 2003. rehional’nykh transformatsii Kennan Kyiv Project, 1999. naprykintsi XX–na pochatku XXI “Netradytsiini” immihranty u Kyivi st. [Ukraine in the Context of Suchasna Ukraina: politychni, eko- [“Nontraditional” Immigrants in Global and Regional nomichni, i sotsial’ni aspekty Kyiv]. Kyiv: Kennan Kyiv Project Transformations at the End of the rozvytku [Contemporary Ukraine: and Stylos, 2003. XX–Beginning of the XXI Political, Economic, and Social Century]. Kyiv: 2003. Aspects of Development]. Kyiv: Natsional’na bezpeka Ukrayiny Kennan Kyiv Project, 2000. [National Security of Ukraine]. Problemy integratsiyi kryms’kykh Kennan Kyiv Project, 2004. repartiantiv v ukrayins’ke suspil’st- Rozvytok Ukrainy v rehional’nii vo [The Problems of Integration perspektyvi: politychni, eko-

272

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER FUNDING

The Kennan Institute is funded by both the public and private sectors. Public funding sources include the Woodrow Wilson Center’s annual congressional appropriation, the U.S. Department of State’s Program for Research and Training on Eastern Europe and the Independent States of the Former Soviet Union (Title VIII), the Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs of the U.S. Department of State, and the U.S. Embassies in Moscow and Kyiv. Private support for Institute programs has come from a variety of foundations, corporations, and individuals, as well as numerous academic and governmental organizations. Each year, a portion of the Institute’s operating income is also derived from its endowment, the George F. Kennan Fund. In its early years, in addition to funding from the Woodrow Wilson Center, the Institute pieced together support from corporations and individuals. Funding limitations, however, restricted the growth and activities of the Institute during its first decade. First created in 1983, the George F. Kennan Fund gives the Institute the much-needed flexibility to cover vital expenses and activities not supported by program-specific funding. The Friends of the Kennan Institute, a group of individuals concerned with the Institute’s future convened by George F. Kennan, launched an endowment campaign in the early 1980s in order to secure a solid financial base for the Institute. By the time the endowment campaign concluded in 1994, the fund totaled over $4 million, thanks to contributions from the Friends of the Kennan Institute, Institute alumni, foundations, corporations, and many, many private individuals. A challenge grant from the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation was instrumental in implementing the drive and allowed the Institute to significantly increase the total sum of the George F. Kennan Fund. The Kennan Institute’s endowment renders it less dependent on the vagaries of federal funding and the changeable political winds of Washington, D.C. Today, the endowment plays a critical role, giving the Institute the ability to support the research of deserving scholars, fund research conferences at the Kennan Institute and abroad, as well as support the Kennan Moscow and Kennan Kyiv Projects. Beginning in 1985, the Soviet-East European Research and Training Act of 1983 (the original name of the Title VIII program) provided funding to the Institute, allowing it to expand its fellowship, meetings, and publications programs. The U.S. Department of State’s Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs (formerly the U.S. Information Agency) has also provided significant funding for the Kennan Institute through its support of the Regional Scholar Exchange Program, Fulbright-Kennan Institute Research Scholarship Program, and Galina Starovoitova Fellowship on Human Rights and Conflict Resolution. In 2001, the Institute received a major grant from Carnegie Corporation of New York to begin the Centers for Advanced Study and Education (CASE) Program. The CASE program has become an important component of the Institute’s programming. 273

30 YEAR REPORT | FUNDING Kennan Institute Program Donors, 1975-2004

Alcoa Foundation The Cyrus Eaton The Andrew W. Mellon Sergievsky Charitable Foundation Foundation Trust Allied Chemical Foundation Richard Edson The Mellon Bank Smith H. Richardson Foundation Foundation American Can Company Englehard Minerals and Foundation Chemicals Corporation Meridian House Soros Fund International American Express Ettinger Foundation Sperry-Rand Corporation Foundation Mott Foundation The Eurasia Foundation U.S. Department of the ARAMCO Newmont Mining Army Exxon Education Corporation BankAmerica Foundation U.S. Department of the Foundation NL Industries Navy The Ford Foundation The Harry and Maribel Occidental Petroleum U.S. Department of State General Electric G. Blum Foundation Charitable Foundation, through the Title VIII Company Inc. Program (“Program for Bristol Myers German Marshall Fund Research and Training Open Society Institute Bureau of Educational of the United States on Eastern Europe and and Cultural Affairs of The Park Foundation the Independent States Mr. and Mrs. David the U.S. Department of of the former Soviet Granick Peat, Marwick, Mitchell, State Union”) and Company William and Mary Greve Irving Caesar U.S. Embassy to the Foundation PepsiCo Foundation, Foundation Russian Federation Inc. Mary W. Harriman Carnegie Corporation of U.S. Embassy to Ukraine Foundation Ploughshares Fund New York The United States W. Averell Harriman Walter Pozen The Carthage Information Agency Foundation Clarence Heller Radio Free University of Michigan Europe/Radio Liberty Caterpillar Tractor Hewlett-Packard The Thomas J. Watson Company Company Esther M. Ridder Foundation The Chase Manhattan IBM Corporation John D. Rockefeller III Westinghouse Electric Bank, N.A. Robert Wood Johnson The Rockefeller Fund The Coca-Cola 1962 Charitable Trust Foundation The Women’s Club of Company W. Alton Jones The Samuel Rubin Allentown Continental Grain Foundation Foundation Woodrow Wilson Company George F. Kennan Florence Sager International Center for Control Data Scholars Federal George F. Kennan Fund The Sasakawa Peace Corporation Appropriation Foundation L-M-P Fund Council on Foreign The Xerox Corporation Aaron Schecter Relations The John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur The Scherman John Deere Foundation Foundation Foundation, Inc. Dresser Industries, Inc. Markle Foundation The Schiff Foundation

274

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER Contributors to the George F. Kennan Fund, 1975-2004

A La Vieille Russie David Baker BoKom, Ltd., Chevron Interconsulting Daniel Abele Kathleen and Martin ChevronTexaco Baker Christina Bolton Access Industries Marianna Tax Choldin Elizabeth Ballantine Simon and Mariada Eleanor Adams Barbara Ann Chotiner Bourgin Odun Balogun Joseph Ajlouny Peter Christoff Nani Boyce Harley Balzer and Akin Gump Strauss Susan Clark Marjorie Mandelstam Alexander Boyle Hauer & Feld LLP Balzer Elizabeth Clayton BP Madeleine Albright Glenn Barlow Pat Cloherty Jeanine Braithwaite Alfa Bank William Barlow Edith Clowes Randy Bregman Helen Allen Samuel and Virginia The Coca-Cola Barbara Brooks Lyndon K. Allin Baron Company Deming Brown and Thad Alton Jay and Donna Bartlett Stephen F. Cohen and Glenora Brown Katrina vanden Heuvel American International David Barton Ellen Hotchkiss Brown Group, Inc. Julia Colton Mark Bassin Julie V. Brown Georgina F. Anderson (in Communication Workers Stephen and Sandra honor of Constance E. Wayles Browne of America Batalden Kennan Bradt) William Brumfield Byron Coney Leonid Bazilevich Anthony Anemone and Robert and Chantal Rachel Connell Vivian K. Pyle Nancy Bedford Buchanan Conoco, Inc. Dwayne O. Andreas F. Dieter Beintrexler Helen Watson Buckner ConocoPhilips Carol Lee Anschuetz Robert L. Belknap Sarah Burke Esther Coopersmith Archer Daniels Midland John Bell Robert F. Byrnes Company Jonathan Coopersmith Ruth Bell Robert Campbell John Armitage Kevin Covert Nina Belyaeva Jeffrey and Sandra Anthony Arnold Cow Hollow Foundation Marjorie Benton Canfield Mary Arnold Robert Croskey Nina Berberova Sarah Carey William Arnold Piers Cumberlege Stephen Bergen Alice Catherine Carls Harvey and Sandra Mark D’Anastasio Joseph S. Berliner Michael Cassella- Asher Blackburn Robert V. Daniels Harold and Ruth Berman Anders Cslund Jacqueline Cavalier Joseph J. Darby Eric Biddle, Jr. Brooke Astor CEC ArtsLink Mira Davidovski Kelly Biggs Laurence J. Aurbach Chadbourne & Parke LLP Dan Davidson Thomas E. Bird Carol Avins Mary Chaffin R.T. and Jean Davies Sally Blair Martha Awdziewicz Dorothy E. Chamberlain Moshe Decter Andrew Blane Donna Bahry (in honor of Constance Bernard K. Dehmelt Cole Blasier Kennan Bradt) Baker and Botts LLP Kevin Delany William Bodie Jonathan Chanis Adele Baker Gladys Krieble Delmas The Boeing Company Schuyler Chapin 275

30 YEAR REPORT | FUNDING Michael DiGiacomo David Fishman Daniel Good Susan Henderson (in honor of Constance Wesley M. Dixon, Jr. Ralph Fletcher, Jr. Seymour Goodman Kennan Bradt) Paula Dobriansky Michael S. Flier The Gordon Fund Catherine Henry Norton T. Dodge Ford Motor Company Gerald and Lillian Hans and Barbara Govorchin Walter M. Drzewieniecki Evan and Leman Fotos Heymann Katharine Graham Robert and Louise Clifford and Juanita Robert Himmer and Sally Dudley Foust Loren Graham Himmer Margaret T. Dunham (in Maurice Friedberg Philip L. Graham Edyth M. Holbrook honor of Constance Foundation Natalie and Werner Larry Holmes Kennan Bradt) Friedlander William Green Franklyn Holzman James A. Duran, Jr. Daryl P. Friedman Gertrude Greenslade Brian and Eszter Alexander Dzhaparidze Fund Raising Financial Charles and Lyubomira Horowitz Cyrus Eaton Foundation Management, Inc. Gribble Harold K. Hothschild Helaine Efron J.B. Fuqua Patricia Grimstead Foundation Elle Eljand FYI Resources Jay Haft Jeanette Kennan Hotchkiss Herbert J. Ellison Gregory and Ann Jeffrey Hahn Gagarin Huang Hsing Foundation Barbara Engel Halliburton Ziva Galili Robert and Lois Huber Laura Engelstein Roger and Sally Jeffrey Gallagher Hamburg Kendall Hubert Terrence English Patrice Gancie Walter and Catherine Blair Hunter The Eurasia Foundation Hanchett Gardiner, Kamya & ICN Pharmaceuticals Matthew Evangelista Associates, P.C Icon Solutions, Inc. Donna Evans Joseph and Ann John and Carol Garrard Harahan Pavel Ilyin John Evans Mark and Elizabeth Evelyn J. Harden International Research Exxon Corporation Garrison and Exchanges Board Ruth Harkin ExxonMobil Douglas and Paulette International Strategic Garthoff Mary W. Harriman F.J. Elsner North Studies Association Foundation America Ltd. Raymond L. Garthoff International Technology Chauncy and Edith Andrew Faber Bruce Gelb Harris John N. Irwin III David and Judith Falk General Motors A.A. and Donna Heyward Isham Vreneli Farber Philip and Nancy Gillette Hartman Betty Jacob Roger Felberbaum Larisa Glad Benjamin and Frauke Dan Jacobs Harvey Murray Feshbach Vyacheslav Glazychev Richard D. Jacobs Peter Hauslohner Daniel Field Abbott and Sarah Roman Jakubow Gleason Louise and Franklin Julie Finley Havlicek Robert James Gregory Gleason First Medical Group, Inc. John Hazard JKW Foundation William Gleason Lloyd Fischel Irwin Heine Anne H. Johnson Edward Goldberg George Uri Fischer Wayne and Mary Heiser Brad Johnson Goldman Sachs Walter Fischer Clarence E. Heller Robert Wood Johnson Val Golovskoy 276 Ralph T. Fisher, Jr. 1962 Charitable Trust

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER Rosemary Johnson Roger and Diane Koenker Jordan Industries George Kolt Pamela Jordan Korben International Peter Juviler Industrial and Fincancial Daniel Kaiser Corporation Jan Kalicki Igor and Vera Kosin Roger and Joan Kanet Krassimir Kostov Kansans for Kassebaum Mikhail Kouriatchev Allen H. Kassof Igor Koval Mark Katz A.W. and Judith Kremer Firuz Kazemzadeh Ruth and Jerry Kreuzer William Keasbey Robert Krieble Tobolsk. Church of the Elevation of the Cross. (Photo: William Donald M. Kendall Ladis and Jane Kristof Brumfield) Annelise Kennan Anya Kroth Edward Lozansky Andrew W. Mellon Christopher Kennan Olena Iwanna Kucyk Foundation Linda Lubrano George F. Kennan Michael and Martha Rajan Menon Lahana Lukoil Joan Kennan The Mercator Mrs. Gerard B. Lambert Paul and Mary Lydolph The Kennan Family Corporation Ronald Landa Robert and Ann Kent Kennan Michael and Michelle MacMaster Markel and Diana Larkins Merrese Nancy Kennan Michael Makwenko Edward and Holly Larsen Martha Merritt Karen Kennedy Maria Mackay Eugene Lawson Thomas Metts Thomas and Susan Silvana Malle Kenneley Gary Lazor Henry Michael Plato Malozemoff Vance and Betty Kepley William Lee MIC Industries, Inc. James I. Mandell Stephen Kerr Ilya Levin Richard and Sharon Miles David Manel Veselin and Lydia Kesich Michel Levine James and Gera Millar James and Becky Anatoly and Irina Moshe Lewin Jeffrey Miller Marcum Khazanov Ronald Liebowitz Robin Miller Murrey and Frances Mr. and Mrs. Robert Franklin Lindsay Marder William Green Miller Kleckner, Jr. Susan Linz Anne C. Martindell Richard Mills George and Virginia Kline Maury Lisann Jack F. Matlock, Jr. Tatiana Milovidova Jill and Edward Kline George Lister Daniel C. Matuszewski Milstein Family Foundation, Inc. Eliza K. Klose Lockheed Martin Sergey Matveev Kenneth Mitchell Kheryn Klubnikin J. Murray Logan James E. McCobb Beth Mitchneck Amy and Malcolm Rose London John McVickar Knight Sidney Monan S.A. Louis-Dreyfus Edgar and Emily Mead Stanley Kober Corporation Moncreif Oil International Edward Melanson David Lowe Kenneth F. Montgomery Abraham Melezin 277

30 YEAR REPORT | FUNDING Kathryn Moore PetroAlliance Services Lois Rice Jospeh and Barbara Company Sciacchitano Thomas Morelli Nathaniel Richmond Peter Pettibone The Scowcroft Group Victor Mote Yale Richmond The Philanthropic Erik Severeid The Mumford Family Alfred Rieber Collaborative Trust R.K. and Barbara Severin T.H. Rigby Elizabeth Pickering Jay and Joyce Mumford Robert Sharlet Jerome Rinkus Pilot Foundation Murphy Oil Company Evgeny Shchemelev Steven Robinson Raymond Platig Matthew Murray John and Judith Sheehan David Rockefeller Eugene Pohren National Committee on Sinclair Sheers Rockefeller Brothers Fund American Foreign Policy William Pomeranz Louise Shelley Richard and Jean Rodes Carol Nechemias Philip Pomper and Alice Leslie and Michael E. Pomper Robert and Lucy Rodes Leroy P. Nesbit Sherman Cathy Popkin Susan and Saul Leilani Newton Nobuo and Reiko Roenstreich Robert Post Shimotamai New York Community Hans and Claire Rogger Trust Angelika and Justin Vladimir Shlapentokh Powell Susan and Elihu Rose Barbara Norton Marshall D. and Collette Foundation Walter Pozen Shulman Occidental Petroleum Samuel Rosenthal John R. and Svetlana Raja Sidawi Robert P. Odell, Jr. Price William M. Roth Frank R. Silbajoris William E. Odom Marin Pundeff and Janet William Rougle John Simmons Charles Ofner Ziegler Gilbert and Marsha Darrell and Diane Slider Mr. and Mrs. George D. Quigley and Associates Rozman O’Neill Gordon Smith Samuel Rachlin Christine Ruane Abby and George O’Neill Polina Smith Hugh Ragsdale Blair A. Ruble Trust Theodore Smith Karen and Donald Dietrich and Marilyn Marlene Onulak Raliegh Rueschemeyer Elena Sokol Samuel and Alyne Robert Rand Russia House Associates Solomon Smith Barney Oppenheim C.W. Randell Andrea Rutherford Adam Sondey Ludmilla Orelup Clyde E. Rankin Maureen Ryan John and Sheila Sontag Alexander Papamarkou Gilbert Rappaport Takeshi Sakon Sovlink Boris Paretzkin Rudolph Rasin Richard Salomon Valery N. Soyfer Parker Drilling Company Anne Rassweiler Marideth Sandler Joshua and Ellen Spero Kathleen Parthé Philip and Marian Raup James Scanlan The Sputnik Group Chat Paterson Peter Reddaway Michael Schammel Frederick and Elizabeth Katherine Paxton Stafford Carl and Collette Reddel Albert and Kathryn Paul and Ellen Peachey Schmidt Herman and Carol Joyce Reed Susan Pearce Starobin Ann I. Schneider Steven W. Reiquam PepsiCo. Foundation, Inc. S. Frederick Starr Janet Schwartz Thomas and Nancy Etta Perkins Charles G. Stefan Remington Morton and Runa Margaret Pertzoff Schwartz Vladimir Steffel 278 Nicholas Riasanovsky

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER John J. Stephan Elizabeth Teague James Turner Irwin Weil Richard Stites John Tedstrom Judyth Twigg Mary and Leon Wheeler Donald B. Strauss Mark Teeter Richard Ullman Eston and Edith White Stephen P. Strickland Mike Telson Michael H. Van Dusen Julie A. Whitney Foundation Adam and Valerye Helen Teplitskaia William J. Vanden Heuvel Strochak Thomas P. Whitney Victor and Rita Terras Vanco Energy Company Robert D. Stuart Jr. Cynthia Whittaker Teton Petroleum Margaret van Schaack Foundation Company Allan Wildman Milos Velimirovic Rosemary Stuart Dean and Jane Eric and Alberta Willenz Thomas Venclova Gary Sullivan Thompson Robert C. Williams VimpelCom SUN Group of Judith Thornton Stanley B. Winters Companies Enzo Viscusi William Mills Todd III William Woehrlin Gerald Surh Mr. and Mrs. Ladislaus Kazuhiko and Tomoko von Hoffmann Sharon Wolchik Eleanor B. Sutter Togo Theodore and Angela World Affairs Council of Michael Swafford Albert and Donna Von Laue Washington, D.C. Tosches Anne Swartz Karl-Eugen Wädekin Christine Worobec Vladimir Toumanoff Frank E. Taplin Louis Wagner C. Ben Wright Donald W. Treadgold Antony Taquey Franklin Walker Dean S. Worth J.C. Troncale Charles Taquey Peggy Walker Edward Zebrowski James and Margaret Trott Theodore and Gislea Wallach Foundation Betty and Serge Taranovski Trust for Mutual Zenkovsky Understanding Thomas J. Watson Gael and Robert Tarleton William Zimmerman Robert Tucker Ted Weeks William and Jane Harold Zoslow Taubman Valerie Tumins Edmund Weiant Anonymous (10)

Contributors to the Robert H. Baraz Fund*

Kenneth and Claire David and Elizabeth Natalie T. Friedlander Peter A. Hauslohner Angevine Cayer Mr. and Mrs. Werner Edward Hurwitz George and Dorothy Dorothy E. Cheever Friedlander Curtis Kamman Avery Richard and Ruth Curl Robert and Jean German Mark Katz Cole Blaiser Eileen R. Dohn Jon and Selene Gibney Isabel G. Kulski William and Jane Black Robert and Louise Jon and Jennifer Karl and Martha Mautner Terrance and Sarah Byrne Dudley Glaudemans

279

30 YEAR REPORT | FUNDING STAFF

The achievements of the Kennan Institute’s first thirty years have been made possible by the dedication, enthusiasm, and competence of the Kennan Institute staff. The day-today operation of the Institute requires the concerted effort of a close-knit team to support the work of the scholars in residence; organize and plan meetings and conferences; write and edit the numerous publications produced each year; and assist individuals from the academic community, government, business, and the media who seek information on Russia, Ukraine, and the surrounding states. The six program secretaries and directors who have served at the Kennan Institute have duly followed the course set out by George F. Kennan: to give encour- agement and support to scholarship in the Russian field and to bring together the best minds of the academic community and the government as we seek to understand one of the greatest cultural and political phenomena of our time.

Program Secretaries and Directors

S. Frederick Starr, 1975–1980 Abbott Gleason, 1980–1982 John Glad, 1982–1983 Herbert J. Ellison, 1983–1985 Peter Reddaway, 1985–1988 Blair A. Ruble, 1989–

Administrative Staff

Daniel Abele, Research Ekaterina Alekseeva, Program John H. Brown, Research Associate, 1988–1996 Manager and Editor, Kennan Associate, 1975–1976 Moscow Project, 1993– Allison Abrams, Assistant Editor, Summer Brown, Program 1997–1999; Program Assistant, Scott R. Atkinson, Research Specialist, 2004– 1999–2000 Assistant, 1986–1987 Susan Burke, Secretary, Muhitdin Ahunhodjaev, Financial David Bair, Library Cataloguer, 1976–1977 Management Specialist, 1990–1996 Lisa Burnett, Library Assistant, 2002–2004 Donna Lea Berg, Library 1986–1987 Assistant, 1985–1986 Maura E. Cantrill, Program 280 Assistant, 1985–1987

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER Gladys A. Clearwaters, Program Bradford P. Johnson, Senior Sabrina (Joan) Palmer, Assistant, 1984–1986 Associate, 1983–1986 Administrative Assistant, 1977–1981 Lauren Crabtree, Fiscal Assistant, Pamela A. Jordan, Program 2000–2002 Assistant, 1985–1986 Murad Pateev, Technical Support, Kennan Moscow Project, 1992– David Crampton, Program Aide, Dmitrii Katsyznyi, Program 1984–1985 Assistant, Kennan Moscow Margaret Paxson, Senior Project, 1993–1999 Associate, 2002– Barbara L. Dash, Program Assistant, 1983–1984 Mark N. Katz, Research Vicki M. Penn, Program Assistant, Associate, 1984–1987 1983–1984 Stephen E. Deane, Editor, 1988–1991 J. Bruce Kellison, Program Aide, Irina Petrova, Office Manager, 1984–1985 Kennan Moscow Project, 1993– Gilbert S. Doctorow, Research Associate, 1975–1976 Jodi Koehn-Pike, Program William Pomeranz, Special Assistant, 1994–1996; Assistant Publications Editor, 1991–1992 F. Joseph Dresen, Secretary, Editor, 1996–1997; Program 1995–1996; Program Assistant, Nancy Popson, Program Specialist, 1997–1999; Editor, 1996–1999; Program Associate, Associate, 1996–1998; Senior 1999–2002; Program Associate, 1999– Program Associate, 1998–1999; 2002 Deputy Director, 1999–2003; Karin Ferren, Program Aide, Pavel Korolev, Program Officer, Senior Associate, 2003– 1985–1987 Kennan Moscow Project, 1999– Christine Potts, Research Wendy Foxwell, Conference Jennifer Krebs, Program Officer, Assistant, 1985–1987 Coordinator, 1984–1986 Kennan Moscow Project, Monique Principi, Program Thecla Frazier, Program Assistant, 1993–1996 Specialist, 1989–1997 2004 Robert Krikorian, Program Molly Pyle, Editor, 1986–1988 Jennifer Giglio, Secretary, Assistant 1996–1997 1998–1999; Program Assistant, Yaroslav Pylynskyi, Project Edita Krunkaityte, Program 1999–2001; Program Associate, Manager, Kennan Kyiv Project, Assistant, 2001– 2001– 1998– Galina Levina, Program Manager, William Gleason, Higher Evan A. Raynes, Editor, Kennan Moscow Project, 1991– Education Project Director, 2001 1984–1987 Renee Long, Secretary, 1998 Steven A. Grant, Research Steven W. Reiquam, Research Associate, 1975–1979 Catherine A. Love, Associate, 1986–1989 Administrative Assistant, Richard L. Green, Computer Angela Reno, Program Assistant, 1987–1989 Assistant, 1987 2000 Mary Beth McEvoy, Research Dorothea C. Hanson, Program Claudia Roberts, Secretary, 2003 Assistant, 1986–1987 Aide, 1984–1986 Blair A. Ruble, Conference Peggy McInerny, Editor, Valerye K. Hawkins, Conference Coordinator, 1977; Research 1991–1995 Coordinator, 1986–1987 Associate, 1977–1982 Larry G. McLellan, Program Zoe Heineman, Program Andrea C. Rutherford, Editor, Assistant, 1984–1987 Assistant, 1987–1989 1985–1989 Declan C. Murphy, Program Lisa R. Holt, Administrative Nataliya Samozvanova, Office Associate, 1986–1987 Assistant, 1986–1987 Manager, Kennan Kyiv Project, 2000– 281

30 YEAR REPORT | STAFF Atiq Sarwari, Program Assistant, 1997–2000; Program Associate, 2000–

Shelly Seaver, Program Assistant, 2001–2003

Michael E. Shaw, Research Associate, 1975–1976

Patricia Sheridan, Secretary, 1975–1977

Amy Smith, Program Assistant, 1990–1993

Julia Smith, Program Assistant, 1993–1996

Nichelle Spears, Secretary, 1990–1995

Peter J. Stavrakis, Deputy Director, 1994–1997

Carole Sterne, Secretary, 1989–1990

Terry Stopowski, Administrative Aide, 1977–1980

Rosemary Stuart, Administrative Assistant, 1980–1983

Eleanor Sutter, Research Associate, 1977–1979

Theodore Taranovski, Research Abalak (Tiumen Region) Bell tower and Church of St. Mary of Associate, 1987–1990; Acting Egypt, Zamensky Monastery. (Photo: William Brumfield) Director, January–May 1990 Janice Tuten, Program Clerk, Elizabeth White, Program Mark H. Teeter, Research 1984 Assistant, 1985–1986 Associate, 1979–1982; 1990–1991; Deputy Director, Stephanie E. Usry, Assistant Daniel Williams, Secretary, 1991–1994 Editor, 1984–1987 1988–1989

Anna Toker, Accountant, Kennan Weinberg, S. Todd, Field Annemarie Wollam, Program Moscow Project, 1996– Director, Kennan Moscow Project, Officer, 1991–1993 1991– Erin Trouth, Program Assistant, 2003– Nicholas Wheeler, Program Assistant, 2001–2003

282

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER Research Assistants and interns at the Kennan Institute perform a variety of academic tasks for the scholars and staff members to whom they are assigned. In practice, the intern program has proven genuinely beneficial for scholars and interns alike: the former receive considerable help in realizing their research projects and the latter acquire unique professional experience in the field, gaining a firsthand understanding of how a scholarly work is composed—in addition to the considerable benefits of the day-to-day scholarly life of the Institute, the Woodrow Wilson Center, and the Smithsonian Institution. Over the years the Institute has been fortu- nate in being able to draw a talented group of research assistants and interns from a broad range of academic and geographic backgrounds.

Research Assistants and Interns

1975–1979 Richard Johnson Robert Getz Amy J. Rutledge Nina Beck Deborah Kaple Ellen Gordon Emily Silliman Purnima M. Bhatt Melanie Kaye Natalia Kramer Lisa A. Thalacker Diana Blitz George Sevich Thomas Reichert P. Hartley Walsh Vladimir Brovkin Linda Stares Elizabeth White Patsy Cole 1981–1982 Patricia Stec Kenneth J. Dillon Dina Birman Meredith Taylor 1985–1986 Steven R. Dorr Vladimir Dubinsky Kristyn Turaj Daniel Abele Patricia Eames Richard Johnson Carolyn Zeller Stephen R. Adams Erick Erickson Deborah Kaple Naomi Azrieli Barbara L. Futterman Sharon Obley 1984–1985 Jane Baun Ann Griesse Roberta Rose Cynthia Armbrustmacher Karen Blount Michael Grow Cherie Settle Katherine Bushunow Valerie Borchardt James R. Heintze George Sevich Laura Cassedy William Burgess Kevin S. Hendzel Mark Coulbourn Marsha Casdorph Patricia E. Humphlett 1982–1983 Miranda Cox Vivian Chakarian Ellen V. Kessler Eleanor Adams Jonathan W. Daly Susan Conwell Hong N. Kim Vladimir Dubinsky Maureen Duffy Mark Coulbourn Richard Kistler Maureen Duffy Patricia Evers Miranda Cox Patricia Andrea Klein Roxana Heretz Amy Falk Jonathan W. Daly Patrick M. Mayerchak Richard Johnson Rachel Graham Karen Davis Paul Mazur Natalia Kramer Janna Gross Jane Dawson Louis A. Pitschmann George Malick, Jr. Alexander Guroff Maureen Duffy Enayetur Rahim Sharon Obley Milo Jones Patricia Evers Bonnie G. Rowan Roberta Rose Ruth Judson Naomi Feigenbaum Leslie Sternberg Rostyslav Serafimovich Jonathan T. Kamin Rachel A. Graham Elizabeth Zelensky Cherie Settle Donald Kirby Richard L. Green Steven Vornov Patrick LaCombe Janna Gross 1980–1981 Robin Lerner Anne D. Herr Miles Babington 1983–1984 Michelle Maynard Robert Janes Nina Beck Katherine Bushunow Wayne A. McDuffy Ruth Judson Bruce Boyer Maura Cantrill Mark Medish Sharon Kay Vladimir Dubinsky Karla Cruise Julie L. Moffett Sally Kux Nancy Fisher Maureen Duffy Grace Morsberger Robin Lerner Kevin Hendzel Russel Faeges Sheila O’Leary Martha Loerke 283

30 YEAR REPORT | STAFF Andrew S. Meier Center 1989–1990 Matthew Ryan Julie L. Moffett Mary Brodd Ermias Abebe Jennifer Senick Benjamin Nathans Lisa Burnett Alan Anderson Bryan Shoap Lauren O’Brien Vladimir Dragunsky David Bair Steven Whisnant Sheila O’Leary Toby Goodwin James Beach David Robison Maureen Greenwood Arthur Burris 1991–1992 Andrea Rutherford Thomas Hammack Mark Cameron Regina Alter Debra Kay Schroeder Stephen Hegarty Marilyn Megan Donnelly Charles Arndt Howard E. Trivers Galina Kashlinsky Rebecca Epstein David Baker Elizabeth White Michele Kelemen Stephen Garber Brad Bloye Katie Winter Sarah Klaus Ana Goskho Timothy Blythe Karen Kozora Sarah Hopkins Hilary Brandt 1986–1987 Andrea Littell Michele Kelemen Nairy Chaglasyan Naomi Azrieli Virginia Martin Gregory Lannon Thomas Clyde Lynn Marie Bell Paul Midford Collette Mazzucelli Karen Coggins Karen Blount Kim Moran Alexander Mishkin Kimberly Couranz Mary Brodd Christine Nairne Douglas Northrop Joan Deschapelles Stephanie Brown Olga Petrovich Andrew Rand Stephen Duall Andrew Crow William Pyle Zena Rosina Felicia Eversole Timothy M. Frye Michael Salzmann Sandra Shapiro Beth Gerard Toby Goodwin John H. Slusher Karen Sherman Johanna Granville Thomas Hammack Kathryn Sly Scott Silet Moshe Haspel Zoe Heineman Valerie Sperling John Swanson Jessica Holstein Anne Herr Shahrbanou Tadjbakhsh Steven Whisnant Jonathan Huyck Pamela A. Jordan Daniel Williams Mary Yntema Sneha Kapadia Galina Kashlinsky Sandra Yin Kimberly Kriger Sharon Kay Karmit Zysman 1990–1991 Robert Krikorian Sally Kux Ermias Abebe Jennifer Leslie Andrea Littell 1988–1989 Alan Anderson Joanna Levison Janine Ludlam Ermias Abebe Jason Antevil Thomas Mahalek Betsy Martin Rachelle Bailey Jacqueline Arrowsmith Michael Matola Virginia Martin James Beach Elizabeth Blackmon Keith McNaul Hassan Mneimneh Lisa Burchfield Charles Breckinridge Will Meritt Kim Moran Arthur Burris Sarah Despres Gina Ottoboni Benjamin Nathans Megan Donnelly Alexandra Don Konics Jeong Min Park Suzanne Panek Rebecca Epstein Stephen Garber Tuija Paunio John Phipps Patricia Hoskins Amy Gilman Joe Proctor David Robison Lori Hylton Rachel Hartstone Kurt Reichelt Lee Anne Savoia Galina Kashlinsky Moshe Haspel Andrew Remy Debra Kay Schroeder William Lyons Gregory Lannon Moreton Rolleston Kathleen Smith Joseph O’Brien Moira McDonald Alla Rutstien Shahrbanou Tadjbakhsh Barbara Pendzich Mark McEuen Shannon Schraub Sandra Yin Olga Petrovich Ralph T. Morgan Rachel Schucker Karmit Zysman Andrew Rand Scott Nadler Susanne Seifeldt Karen Sherman Hilary O’Neil Ellen Shapiro 1987–1988 Laura Wolfson Orysia Pylyshenko William Siegel Ermias Abebe Marcin Zmudzki Jeanine Roberts Helen Silverberg 284 William Horton Beebe- Zena Rosina Aaron Smith

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER Julia Taylor 1993–1994 David Habecker Shana Hansell Jennifer Thomas Panyin Akuffo Jonathan Hale Emily Hervert Will Walldorf Anne Alikonis Shana Hansell Sara Kirchhoff Kellam Warren Marianne Alves Stacey Hawkins Lisa Kolovich Matthew Zboray Deborah Berns Beverly Hoover Christopher Kushlis Susanna Bolle Benjamin Kelahan Caroline Loussouarn 1992–1993 David Burke Sara Kirchhoff Timothy Louzonis Anne Alikonis Denton Burnell Lisa Kocian Kara Madison Deborah Berns Thomas Cantrell Alexander Korovin Irina Magnis Timothy Blythe Elizabeth Davis Pamela Larsen William McKalip Susanna Bolle Amy Durham David Letteney Stephanie Meagher Thomas Cantrell Liubov Fortunova Matthew London Catherine Norman Bethany Carlick Jennifer Grollman Sean McCluskie Alison Pacuska Kim Couranz Lisa Kocian Nancy Mendrala Cynthia Pusey Jim Eddings Jodi Koehn Niels Nielsen Kimberley Righter Fritz Faerber Alexander Korovin Alison Pacuska Michael Russack Judith Finn Adrienne Lawson Caterina Panos Marc Rutman Sondra Govatski Yolanda LeRoy Avanti Alexandra Paul Emily Sanders Tammi Hayes David Letteney Stephanie Petras Jennifer Sartorius Lori Erin Hebert Matthew London Irene Porokhova Benjamin Sessions Sean Holloway Amy McVey Stephanie Reeke Jeannie Sklar Eric Huffman Nancy Mendrala Jon Rodeback Lajos Szaszdi John Keilman Galina Merson David Russell Paul Tibbets Matthew Keough Scott Milam Joanna Schemm Joseph Trapple Stacey King Zack Miller Joseph Schill Evelina Vainberg Robert Krikorian Katerina Mitrevski Shinjinee Sen Mark Webber Michael Lapides Nancy O’Neill Benjamin Sessions Monique Wilson Adrienne Lawson Christine Ritchie Leo Simmons Christina Wood Cynthia Lewis David Russell Joynette Straus Thomas Mahalek Joanna Schemm Jeffrey Thomas 1996–1997 Michael Matola Laura Sheahen Maia Anderson Douglas Mollenaur Jade Shiveley 1995–1996 Teresa Andrus Tracy Nichols Antonia Simeonova Karen Aguilera Anthony Baird Julie Olson Brian Sloyer Fatima Balbed Collin Brink Tuija Paunio Jeffrey Thomas Kimberly Bartlett Vasilios Christakis Joe Proctor Svetlana Tsalik Mark Behlert Paul Cummings Andrew Remy Kelleigh Varnum Mara Bolis Benjamin Davis Natalie Rustic Matthew Warshaw Michael Campbell Theresa Freese William Siegel Kristen Zier Vasilios Christakis Inna Golovakha-Hicks Alexander Sirotin Pranas Ciziunas Laura Hall Brian Sloyer 1994–1995 Jeff Cowgill Shana Hansell Julia Smith Panyin Akuffo Kenneth Cummings Emily Hervert Julia Tchernysh Kimberly Bartlett Benjamin Davis Michelle Kinman Sharon Vandivere Mark Behlert Douglas Divine Andrew Knight David Wallick David Burke Erin Doyle Jessica Kulak Joyce Warner Christopher Carty Inna Golovakha-Hicks Caroline Loussouarn Nadine Wormsbacher R. Brannan Cass Jonathan Hale Timothy Louzonis Matthew Zboray Ekaterina Dmitrieva Laura Hall Kara Madison 285

30 YEAR REPORT | STAFF Carrie McVickar Tyler Graden Abigail Bree Bacon Rachel Roseberry Julia Ondrejcekova James Griffin Sergei Bakumenko Assel Rustemova Benjamin Raiklin Anthony Lauren Marian Bassett Theresa Shepherd Kimberley Righter Dasha Migunov Andrew Bodrogligeti Scott Shrum Emily Sanders Cynthia Neil Joey Alton Bradley Stephanie Solywoda Jill Schwartz Michael Salak Amelia Lynn Brego Aubrey Stock William Shingleton Sarah Scannell Jane Buchanan Jennifer Syron Christopher Swader Dawn Seckler Bram Caplan Erin Trouth Mark Webber Padideh Tosti Valerie Chittenden Catherine Yusupov Christina Wood Naomi Wachs Terry Coleman Tracy Coleman 2002–2003 1997–1998 1999–2000 Laura Creswell Anita Ackermann Maia Anderson Stephanie Abdulin Corynn Cushman Jeffrey Barnett Jessica Bagdonis Sergei Bakumenko Michelle Girard Joseph Bould Natalia Baulina Sona Balanian Jonathan Hays Jamey Burho Edward Brooke Marian Bassett Warren Hedges Bram Caplan Mapi Buitano Natalia Baulina Douglas Hinkle Sapna Desai Paul Citrinn Lionel Beehner Matthew Jeanfreau Cristen Duncan Paul Cummings Kathleen Bell Lisa Khachaturian Adam Fuss Paul du Quenoy Toni Braun Ilya Leytes Anton Ghosh Camrin Emmons-White Bram Caplan William Maris Andrew Hay Alina Entin Valerie Chittenden Mary Frances Muzzi Chris Hrabe Theresa Freese Laura Creswell Olena Nikolayenko Olga Levitsky Alden Greene Corynn Cushman Martin Pachcinski Edward Marshall Desiree Hopkins Katherine Downey Eric Shank Peter Mattocks Andrew Konitzer Rachel Dubin Jennifer Simon Jamie Merriman Justin Kortanek Erin Epstein Stephanie Solywoda Janet Mikhlin Amanda Lahan Rachel Facey Aubrey Stock Curtis Murphy Elizabeth LeBras Michelle Girard Susan Sypko Anna Nikolaevsky Mikail Mamedov Jonathan Hays Grae Waters Mikhail Osipov Carrie McVickar Warren Hedges Elyssa Palmer Julia Ondrejcekova Emily Hervert 2001–2002 Irina Papkov Bobbi Paulson Jon Kakasenko Jeffrey Barnett Mark Polyak James Person Kate Kalmykov Andrew Bodrogligeti Rachel Roseberry Kimberley Righter Lisa Khachaturian Jane Buchanan Assel Rustemova Emil Sanamyan Jarom McDonald Bram Caplan David Salvo Jill Schwartz Cynthia Neil Erin Epstein Scott Shrum Sara Shields Anna O’Donnell Arthur Evans Gregory Shtraks William Shingleton Martin Pachcinski Adam Fuss Maria Sonevytsky Christopher Smith Anatoly Pinsky Anton Ghosh Erin Trouth Jeremy Snyder Heather Rice Kenneth Guy Gianfranco Varona Maria Sund Mathew Soniat Douglas Hinkle Kimberly Zenz Maureen Thorson Daria Vaisman Chris Hrabe Viktor Zikas Mihran Toumajan Christina Werth Olga Levitsky Brooks Wheeler Mario Major 2003–2004 1998–1999 Edward Marshall Jaime Atteniese Gabriel Coleman 2000–2001 Jamie Merriman Galina Belimenko 286 Paul du Quenoy Stephanie Abdulin Janet Mikhlin Jamey Burho

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER Philip Butler Natalya Grokh Elyssa Palmer Gregory Shtraks William Clark Brooks Hickman Sofia Plagakis Victoria Snigur Donna M. D’Aleo Conway Irwin Emily Resnick Maria Sonevytsky Miranda Der Ohanian Oksana Klymovych Stephen Rogers Erin Urban Sapna Desai Kiija Manty Caitlin Ryan Maria Vassilieva Adam Fuss Peter Mattocks Aaron Sander Ves Vorobyev

Robert H. Baraz Interns*

Gina Ottoboni, Shana Hansell, Paul du Quenoy, Jane Buchanan, 1991–1992 1995–1996 1998–1999 2002–2003

Thomas Mahalek, Mark Webber, Cynthia Neil, Adam Fuss, 1992–1993 1996–1997 1999–2000 2003–2004

Susanna Bolle, Kimberley Righter, Jon Kakasenko, Sofia Plagakis, 1993–1994 1997–1998 2000–2001 2004–2005

David Russell, Olena Nikolayenko, 1994–1995 2001–2002

*In 1991 the Kennan Institute established a research internship program in honor of the late Robert H. Baraz, former Director of the Office of Research and Analysis for the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe at the U.S. Department of State. 287

30 YEAR REPORT | STAFF INDEX

Adams, Mark, 142 Alekseev, Veniamin V., 141, 244 A Adams, Stephen R., 283 150 Almond, Gabriel, 161 Aage, Hans, 69, 246 Adibi, Jennifer, 186 Alekseeva, A. I., 115 Alpatov, Vladimir, 225 Aarrevaara, Timo Admiraal, Beth, 226 Alekseeva, Ekaterina, 1, Altbach, Philip, 163 Johannes, 69 Adomeit, Hannes, 142, 280 Alter, Regina, 284 Abakumov, A. I., 125 152, 245 Alekseeva, Galina Altmann, Franz-Lothar, Abalkin, Leonid, 253 Afanas’ev, Iurii, 254 Vasilevna, 69, 228 52, 151, 246, 250 Abashev, Vladimir, 197 Afanasyev, Vladimir, 174, Alekseeva, S. I., 118 Altunian, Aleksandr, 228 Abashidze, Grigol, 136 175 Aleshkovsky, Petr Altshuler, Mordechai, 70 Abashidze, Medea, 60 Aga-Rossi, Elena, 170 Markovich, 69 Altstadt, Audrey L., 70, Abashin, S. N., 118 Agafonov, Anton, 60 Aleshkovsky, Yuz, 69 138, 242 Abazov, Rafis, 227 Agavelian, Ruben, 228 Alexander, James, 182, Alumurzaev, Grigory, Abdoullaev, Kamoloudin Aguilera, Karen, 285 183, 187, 192 190 Najmudinovich, 60 Ahmedova, Fatimakhon, Alexander, John T., 69 Alves, Marianne, 285 Abdulatipov, Ramazan 69 Alexandrov, Daniel, 162 Amelin, Venaly, 195 Gadzhimuradovich, Ahunhodjaev, Muhitdin, Alexandrova, Anastassia, Amelina, Maria, 183, 190 160 280 222 Ames, Edward, 134 Abdulayev, Kamran, 60 Airapetov, Oleg, 69, 181 Alexeev, Michael, 153, Aminova, Rakhima, 150 Abdulin, Stephanie, 286 Akhmetova, G. F., 120 161 Amirov, Radik, 224 Abebe, Ermias, 284 Akhmitzianov, R. R., 118 Alexeeva, Elena, 207 Amosova, Elena, 213 Abele, Daniel, 160, 174, Akhundova, Irina, 69 Alexeeva, Ludmila, 52, Amstutz, J. Bruce, 211 239, 247, 275, 280, Akiner, Shirin, 169, 196 186, 254 Amuchastegui, 283 Akinsha, Konstantin, 41, Alexiev, Alexander, 142, Domingo, 179 Abernethy, David, 188 189, 207 212 Amundsen, Kirsten, 70, Abrahamian, Levon Akizuki, Toshiyuki, 157 Alexopoulos, Golfo, 69, 250 Hmayak, 60 Aklaev, Airat, 60, 261 177 Anan’ich, Boris, 13, 49, Abrams, Allison, 280 Akol’zina, M. K., 125 Alexseev, Mikhail A., 52, 70, 135, 153, 174, Abramson, David, 69, Aksyonov, Vassily, 41, 70, 210, 215, 225, 197, 236, 241 203,204, 208, 209, 53, 141, 164, 244 248, 265 Anarina, Nina, 157 267 Akuffo, Panyin, 285 Alferenko, Gennadii, 162 Anderer, Paul, 157 Absalom, Roger, 170 Albasheev, Konstantain, Aligica, Paul, 176 Anderson, Alan, 284 Ackermann, Anita, 286 255 Alikonis, Anne, 285 Anderson, Barbara, 141, Ackert, Lloyd, 232 Albright, David E., 69 Alikperov, Igor’, 218, 161 Adalian, Rouben, 258 Albright, Madelieine, 12, 229 Anderson, Sheldon, 70 Adam, Jan, 137 29, 226, 275 Aliyeva, Leila, 60, 174, Anderson, Maia, 285, Adam, Konrad, 170 Aldrin, Andrew J., 180 189 286 Adam, Magda, 170 Aleksandrov, Daniel Alken, Ib, 70 Anderson, Volodymyr, Adamishin, Anatolii, 48, Aleksandrovich, 52 Allen, Elizabeth Cheresh, 60, 204, 214 194, 227 Aleksashenko, Sergei, 151 Andreas, Dwayne O., Adamovich, Ales, 149 194 Allina-Pisano, Jessica, 38, 275 Adams, Bruce, 227 Alekseev, Aleksei, 60, 190 Andreev, Dmitry, 70 Adams, Eleanor, 275, 69, 190, 198, 205 Allison, Roy, 70, 233 Andrews, James T., 232 283 Alekseev, I. L., 118, 125 Allsen, Thomas T., 168 Andrianopolis, Andreas, 288 Adams, Laura, 69 Alekseev, S. A., 123 Allworth, Edward, 49, 48

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER Andrle, Vladimir, 70 Arutiunov, Sergei, 70, 206, 229, 261, 266 Barabashev, Aleksei, 35, Andrus, Teresa, 285 178, 185, 189, 191, Bachman, David, 159 53, 170, 175, 178, Andrushkiw, Vera, 220 205 Bachurina, O. N., 125 179, 184, 191, 212, Anemone, Anthony Arzeni, Sergio, 166, 171 Backman, Charles A., 71 213, 218 Alfred, 52, 70, 275 Ash, Timothy Garton, 150 Bacon, Abigail Bree, 286 Baran, Henryk, 146 Anikhovskii, S. E., 113, Aslund, Anders, 52, 152, Bacon, Walter, 144 Baranova, V. V., 113 120 211, 253, 256, 262, Badalov, Rakhman, 174 Baranovsky, Vladimir, Anipkin, Mikhail, 207 275 Badan, Antonina, 184, 221 Anisimov, Evgenii Aspaturian, Vernon V., 32, 220 Barber, John D., 71 Viktorovich, 52, 154, 133, 142, 145, 245, Bagdonis, Jessica, 286 Barghoorn, Frederick, 256 253 Bagger, Hans, 154 139 Anokhina, N. V., 118 Assadulin, Farid, 225 Bagno, Vsevolod, 197 Barnett, A. Doak, 169 Anoshko, O. M., 123 Assur, Andrew, 136, 242 Bahry, Donna, 161, 195, Barnett, Jeffrey, 286 Anschuetz, Carol, 70, 275 Astaf’ev, Victor, 255 275 Baron, Ruth, 153 Antevil, Jason, 284 Atakhanova, Kaisha, 186 Bailes, Kendall E., 71 Baron, Samuel H., 135, Antipin, P. V., 120 Atkin, Muriel, 163, 196, Bailey, Rachelle, 284 241, 275 Antonova, Viktoria, 60 204, 250 Bainan, Dong, 146 Barr, Brenton M., 136 Antonovych, Myroslava, Atkinson, Dorothy, 153, Bair, David, 280, 284 Barrett, Thomas, 71, 164 204, 213, 220, 231 154, 155, 253 Baird, Anthony, 285 Barrie, Dennis, 220 Antoshchenko, A. V., 115, Atkinson, Scott R., 280 Baker, Anita B., 71 Barris, Roann, 189 120 Attahi, Koffi, 202 Baker, David, 275, 284 Barry, Donald D., 71 Anweiler, Oskar, 152 Atteniese, Jamie, 286 Baker, George F., 145 Barry, William P., 181 Aparina, N. F., 117 Auerbach, Inge, 49 Baker III, James A., 193, Barsukova, S. I., 125 Appel, Hilary, 52, 265 Avaliani, Simon, 202 194, 226, 265 Bartlett, Kimberley, 285 Arakelian, F. A., 125 Avdeev, Juri, 160 Bakhmin, Viacheslav, Basargina, E. I., 120 Arant, Patricia, 70 Avetissian, Karine, 60 167 Bashkina, Nina, 238 Arapov, Dmitry,225 Avetsian, Grant A., 150 Baklanov, Grigory, 136 Baskakov, Vladimir, 148, Arbatov, Aleksei Avetisyan, Aram, 70 Bakradze, Ketevan, 71 149 Georgievich, 106, 169, Avineri, Dvora, 170 Bakumenko, Sergei, 286 Baskakova, Natalia, 213 234 Avineri, Shlomo, 169 Balabanova, E. S., 120 Baskin, Il’ia, 162 Arbatov, Georgy, 193 Avins, Carol J., 32, 193, Balabushevych, Tetyana, Bassett, Marian, 286 Arel, Dominique, 176, 275 220 Bassin, Mark, 53, 254, 210, 215, 225, 263 Avksentiev, Viktor, 35, 60, Balanian, Sona, 286 275 Arena, Gregorio, 166 179 Balbed, Fatima, 285 Batalden, Stephen, 152, Arkhipova, E. V., 118 Avni, Haim, 170 Baldwin, James, 136 275 Arkina, Svetlana, 70 Axer, Jerzy, 196 Balgamis, A. Deniz, 71 Batiuk, Vladimir, 61, 106, Armbrustmacher, Ayres, Stephen M., 174 Balina, Marina, 71 170 Cynthia, 283 Ayvazyan, Sergei, 261 Ball, Deborah Yarsike, 71 Batt, Judy, 156, 158 Armstrong, John A., 32, Azarenko, S. A., 118 Balletbo, Anna, 169 Batur-Vander Lippe, 132, 134, 135, 240, Azcarate, Manuel, 150 Balmaceda, Margarita Pinar E., 53, 71 241, 261 Azhgikhina, Nadezhda M., 155, 197, 215, Baturin, Iurii (Yuri) Armstrong, Tracy, 70 Il’inichna, 60 223, 248 Mikhailovich, 5, 35, Arndt, Charles, 284 Azimova, Dinora, 70, 196 Balogun, F. Odun, 52, 53, 54, 154, 192, 255 Arndt, Walter P., 41 Azrael, Jeremy R., 132, 275 Baulina, Natalia, 286 Aron, Leon, 172, 267 134, 146, 147, 151, Baloshina, N. I., 120 Bauman, Zygmunt, 137 Arora, Mandakini, 70 246 Balzer, Harley, 32, 142, Baumann, Robert, 181 Arrowsmith, Jacqueline, Azrieli, Naomi, 283, 284 154, 161, 173, 184, Baun, Jane, 283 284 195, 207, 222, 252, Bauwens, Werner, 176 Arsenian, Deana, 111, 265, 268, 275 Bazarov, A. A., 120 221, 233 Balzer, Marjorie Bazarov, E. I., 118 Arshinov, Vladimir, 184 B Mandelstam, 52, 71, Bazhanov, V. A., 112 Arslan, Ahmet Ali, 255 Babanin, Oleksandr, 60 142, 160, 161, 163, Bazzanella, Gianni, 166, Arslanian, Artin H., 138, Babenko, Vitaly, 163 172, 182, 192, 195, 171 243 Babington, Miles, 283 275 Beach, James, 284 Artem’eva, T. V., 112 Baburkin, Sergei, 47, 61, Banac, Ivo, 159, 193 Bearden, Milt, 212 Artemieva, Tat’iana, 60 175, 179, 185, 191, Bannikova, Larisa, 167 Beaven, Miranda, 71 289

30 YEAR REPORT | INDEX Bebler, Anton, 71 Berg, Donna Lea, 280 Bishop, Elizabeth, 232 Boettke, Peter, 180 Beck, Michael D., 71 Bergelson, Mira, 184 Bissell, Chris, 232 Bogatyreva, Sofia, 207 Beck, Nina, 283 Berger, Peter L., 226 Bittner, Stephen, 53 Bogdan, Thomas, 146 Becker, Abraham S., Bergson, Abram, 137, Black, Cyril E., 9, 32, 41, Bogdanov, K. A., 125 137, 211 145 135, 140, 241 Bogomolov, Nikolai, 208 Becker, Chuck, 179 Berkner, Sergei, 175 Black, Larry, 171, 236 Bohachevsky-Chomiak, Becker, Eliza, 71 Berkowitz, Daniel, 161 Black, Lydia T., 72 Marta, 230 Beebe-Center, William Berliner, Joseph S., 32, Blackman, David, 168 Bohlen, Celestine, 253 Horton, 284 41, 135, 138, 145, Blackmon, Elizabeth, Bohm, Antal, 160 Beehner, Lionel, 286 160, 161, 201, 244, 284 Bohmer, Nils, 186 Behlert, Mark, 285 266, 275 Blackwell, Robert E., Jr., Bohun, Liubov, 231 Beissinger, Mark, 41, Berns, Deborah, 285 156 Boiko, Vladimir, 213, 229 152, 187, 188, 236, Bernstam, Mikhail, 72 Blackwell, Stephen H., Boiko, Volodymyr, 230 261 Bernstein, David S., 106 72 Boikova, Elena ,173 Bekic, Darko, 53, 249 Bernstein, Frances L., Blackwell, William, 135 Boilard, Steve D., 72 Belavin, A. M., 115 53, 181 Blackwood, William Lee, Boiter, Albert, 249 Bel’gibaev, E. A,. 120 Bernstein, Lina, 72 72 Bolis, Mara, 285 Beliaev, Sergei, 174 Bernstein, Thomas, 156, Blagojevic, Bojana, 208, Bolkhovitinov, Nikolai Belich, I. V., 113 158 213, 215, 217, 233 Nikolaevich, 13, 49, Belil’tsev, Valerii, 175 Berrios, Ruben, 72, 246 Blagova, Tat’iana 136, 154, 242 Belimenko, Galina, 286 Bershidsky, Leonid, 208 Ilamonovna, 61 Bolle, Susanna, 285, 287 Belitser, Nataliya, 192, Bertash, A. V., 115, 125 Blake, Patricia, 49 Bol’shakov, A. G., 118 194, 221, 231 Bertier de Sauvigny, Blam, I. I., 117, 120 Bol’shakova, Olga, 72, Belkin, Aron Isaakovich, Guillaume, 170 Blandin, Sherman, 144 228 71 Bertsch, Gary K., 72 Blank, Ksana, 207 Bond, Daniel L., 139, Belknap, Robert L., 41, Berwick, Dave, 219 Blank, Stephen, 138, 252 143, 162, 275 Berzonsky, Vlad, 180 242, 247, 260 Bondar, Halyna, 200 Bell, Lynn Marie, 284 Besancon, Alain, 72 Blanton, Thomas, 211, Bondar’, L. D., 112 Bell, Kathleen, 286 Beshenkovsky, Eugene, 219 Bondar, Nikolai, 190, Belokurova, E. V., 112 72 Blasier, Cole, 72, 155, 266 Belyaeva, Nina, 151, Bessmertnykh, 250, 275 Bondy, Francois, 170 165, 257, 275 Aleksandr, 193 Blavatnik, Len, 36, 201, Bondy, Lilian, 170 Belza, Svyatoslav I., 147 Best, Geoffrey ,170 217, 226 Bone, Jonathan, 177 Bence, Gyorgy, 106, 161 Bethea, David M., 32 Bliakher, L. E., 125 Bonet, Pilar, 32, 53, 168, Bendukhidze, Kakha, Bhatt, Purnima M., 283 Blitstein, Peter, 177 208, 213, 215, 217, 168 Bialer, Seweryn, 150, Blitz, Diana, 283 233, 236, 247, 257, Benini, Roberta, 71 246 Blitzer, Charles, 164, 169 261, 269 Bennett, Andrew, 207, Bicanic, Ivan, 106 Bliznakov, Milka, 72 Boniece, Sally A., 72 211 Bikalova, Nadezhda, 61, Block, Herbert, 137 Bonner, Elena, 187, 257, Bennett, Dennis, 140 198, 206 Blount, Karen, 283, 284 267 Bennett, Helju, 71 Bilaniuk, Laada, 267 Bloye, Brad, 284 Borchardt, Valerie, 283 Bennett, Steven Alan, 2, Billington, James H., 2, Blum, Doug, 210, 226 Bordin, Leonid, 255 194 7, 9, 13, 14, 15, 16, Blythe, Timothy, 284, Bordiugov, Gennady, Bennigsen, Alexandre, 31, 133, 140, 141, 285 177 41, 134, 135, 138, 144, 146, 149, 162, Bobroff, Ronald, 203 Bordyuk, Liudmyla, 220 140, 241 163, 226, 236, 241, Bobrov, Igor, 61 Borkovec, Vera Z., 147 Benson, Linda, 169 245, 252, 269 Bobrovnikov, V. O., 118 Borley, Lester, 167 Berard, Ewa, 71, 217 Bilokin, Serhiy, 61 Bobylev, Sergei Bornstein, Morris, 134, Berberova, Nina N., 41, Bilynskyj, Markian, 183, Nikolaevich, 178, 202 137, 145 71, 275 220 Bocharov, Iurii, 263 Boronin, O. V., 120 Berezhkov, Valentin, 250 Binney, James William, Bochorishvili, Tinatin, 61 Borovskaya, Elena Berezhnaya, Lilya, 72 72 Bociurkiw, Bohdan R., Anatolievna, 61 Berezkina, E. S., 125 Bird, Thomas, 152, 275 41, 152, 245 Borrero, Mauricio, 72 Berezovich, E. L., 125 Birman, Dina, 283 Bodrogligeti, A.J.E., 141 Bortnevskii, Viktor, 72 Berezovska, Iryna, 214 Birman, Igor, 132, 137, Bodrogligeti, Andrew, Borysov, Mykhailo, 221 290 Berg, Andrea, 204, 209 143, 211, 243, 251 286 Bosiy, Pavlo, 201

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER Bosy, Pavlo, 267 Briker, Boris, 53 173, 182, 183, 187, Buwalda, Petrus, 106 Botez, Mihai, 170 Brink, Collin, 285 188, 190, 192, 227, Buzadzhi, Maria Boukhalov, Oleksandr, Bristol, Evelyn, 73 260, 268 Nikolaevna, 105 160 Bristow, Eugene K., 73 Buckley, Mary E. A., 73 Buzan, Barry, 156 Boulatov, Aleksandr, 61 Briukhovetsky, Budnitskii, O. V., 125 Bychkov, S. P., 123 Bould, Joseph, 286 Viacheslav, 255 Bugaeva, L. D., 125 Byelashov, Volodymyr Bournoutian, George A,. Brodd, Mary, 284 Buitano, Mapi, 286 ,176 138, 242 Brodersen, Per, 73 Bulanin, N. D., 117 Bykhov, Rolan, 149 Bowie, Robert, 149 Bronson, Susan, 110, Bulatov, A. O., 125 Bykhov, Vladimir, 149 Bowlt, John E., 73, 133, 163 Bulgakova, Ludmilla Bykov, A. I., 120 135, 139, 244 Brooke, Edward, 286 Alekseevna, 73 Byrnes, Robert F., 50, Boxer, Vladimir, 260 Brooke, Gerald, 134 Bulkeley, Rip, 180 173, 140, 275 Boyce, Nani, 73, 275 Brooks, E. Willis, 181 Bullock, Mary Brown, Boyer, Bruce, 283 Brooks, Jeffrey, 42, 139, 156, 158, 159, 164, Boyko, Vitaliy, 262 153, 207, 243, 248 168 C Brabant, Josef van, 145, Brooks, Karen, 148 Bunce, Valerie, 73, 188 Cahn, Jennifer, 189 146 Brooks, Nathan, 73, 232 Bunich, Pavel, 255 Cain, Michael, 74 Brada, Josef C., 145 Brosio, Giorgio, 171 Burakovskyi, Igor, 192, Caldwell, Lawrence, 151, Bradford, Bruce C., 73 Brovkin, Vladimir N., 53, 194, 196, 205 246 Bradley, Donald, 186 73, 153, 264, 283 Burant, Stephen, 196 Cambone, Stephen, 177 Bradley, Joey Alton, 286 Brower, Daniel R., 73, Burawoy, Michael, 161 Cameron, Fraser, 196 Bradley, Joseph, 153, 164 Burbank, Jane, 164 Cameron, Mark, 284 232 Brown, Alan A., 134, 241 Burbulis, Gennadii, 168 Campbell, John C., 142, Bradley, Thomas, 259 Brown, Andrew, 73 Burchfield, Lisa, 284 245 Bradshaw, Michael J., Brown, Archie, 253 Burg, Steven L., 134, Campbell, Michael, 285 182, 183, 187, 192, Brown, Bertram S., 106 140, 244 Campbell, Robert, 42, 230, 266 Brown, Deming B., 73, Burger, Edward J., Jr., 137, 145, 151, 211, Bradsher, Henry S., 49, 275 174 275 142, 244 Brown, Edward J., 73 Burgess, William, 283 Cantrell, Thomas ,285 Brady, Ros,e 36 Brown, John, 190 Burho, Jamey Cantrill, Maura E., 280, Braichevska, Olena, 239 Brown, John H., 238, Burke, David, 285 283 Brainard, Lawrence, 137 280 Burke, Justin, 263 Caplan, Bram Brainerd, Michael, 144 Brown, Julie V., 73 Burke, Susan, 280 Carbonneau, Suzanne, Braithwaite, Kim, 153 Brown, Michael, 207 Burkett, John P., 73, 161 269 Brandenberger, David, Brown, Stephanie, 284 Burkhanova, Muazama, Cardinal, Franz, 251 182 Brown, Summer ,1, 280 204 Carey, Sarah, 193, 275 Brandt, Hilary, 284 Brudny, Yitzhak, 161 Burlatskii, Fedor Cari, Joseph A., Jr., 2, Braslavskii, P. I., 123 Brumberg, Abraham, 49, Mikhailovich, 43, 253, 194 Bratton, Michael, 188 133, 134, 143, 201 255, 257 Carlick, Bethany, 285 Braun, Aurel, 144, 151, Brumfield, William Craft Burnell, Denton, 285 Carlson, Maria, 221 152 ,3, 53, 73, 167, 174, Burnett, Lisa, 280, 284 Carol, Kathryn Dickey, Braun, Toni, 286 236, 247, 252, 275 Burris, Arthur, 284 174 Bravin, Anatoly, 195 Brunner, George, 151, Buscio, Bruce, 174 Carrere-d’Encausse, Breckinridge, Charles, 152 Bush, Keith, 137, 143, Helene, 143 284 Bryan, Anthony, 155 243 Carstensen, Fred V., 135, Brednikova, O. E., 112 Bryushinkin, Vladimir, Bushkovitch, Paul, 178, 241 Bregel, Yuri, 141 218 181 Carty, Christopher, 285 Brego, Amelia Lynn, 286 Brzezinski, Ian, 177, 196, Bushunow, Katherine, Carullo, Giuseppe, 166 Brement, Hon. Marshall, 248 283 Carynnyk, Marco, 74 106 Brzezinski, Zbigniew, 9, Bussey, Charles J., 73 Casanova, Jose, 176 Brennan-Galvin, Ellen, 150, 159, 249, 257, Busza, Eva T., 53 Casdorph, Marsha, 283 225 266 Butchenko, Yuri, 256 Cash, Jennifer, 215, 223, Breslauer, George, 161 Buchanan, Allen, 188 Butler, Philip, 287 248 Breyfogle, Nicholas B., Buchanan, Jane, 286 Butorina, Olga, 198, Cass, R. Brannan, 285 73 Buchholz, Arnold, 151 200, 212, 218, 229 Cassedy, Laura, 283 Brezinski, Horst, 171 Buckley, Cynthia, 73, Buttafava, Giovanni, 149 291

30 YEAR REPORT | INDEX Cassella-Blackburn, Chlivickas, Eugenijus, Clements, Barbara 193, 275 Michael, 74, 275 218 Evans, 139, 243 Coopersmith, Jonathan, Cassiday, Julie, 74, 182 Chokheli, Aleksei, 74 Clesse, Armand, 223 232, 275 Castillo, Greg, 74, 189, Choksy, Jamsheed ,226 Cloherty, Patricia, 233, Cordesman, Anthony H., 262 Choldin, Marianna Tax, 275 106 Castro, Arachu, 225 74, 141, 275 Closson, Stacy, 267 Costa, Thomaz G., 155 Cavalli, Anna, 170 Choltaev, Zaindi, 47 Clough, Michael, 144 Coulbourn, Mark, 283 Cavalli, Luciano, 170 Chowaniec, Jan, 50, 245 Clowes, Edith W., 75, Couranz, Kimberly, 284, Cave, George, 212 Christakis, Vasilios, 285 162, 275 285 Ceh, Nick, 74 Christensen, Paul, 265 Clyde, Thomas, 284 Cousins, Norman, 136 Cerea, Gianfranco, 166, Christoff, Peter K., 42, Coakley, Kathy, 220 Cowgill, Jeff, 285 171 240, 275 Coakley, Lori, 247 Cowley, Andrew, 168 Chaglasyan, Nairy, 284 Christopher, Warren, Cobb, Tyrus W., 249 Cox, Michael, 253 Chaikhoutdinova, 193, 226 Cochrane, Nancy, 148 Cox, Miranda, 283 Goulnara, 41, 74 Chuanling, Guo, 146 Cocks, Paul, 135, 241 Crabtree, Lauren, 236, Chakarian, Vivian, 283 Chubarenko, Aleksei, Cogan, Charles, 212 281 Chalk, Frank, 224 171 Coggins, Karen, 284 Cracraft, James, 75, 164, Chalmaev, V.A., 151 Chubarian, Aleksandr, O. Cohen, Ariel, 172 216 Chan, Anita, 137, 243 111, 193 Cohen, Laurie, 75 Craddock, Alden, 220 Chances, Ellen, 207 Chubin, Shahram, 170 Colarusso, John, 172 Craige, Betty Jean, 231 Chandler, Andrea Susan, Chudakov, A.P., 151 Cole, John Y., 163 Crampton, David, 281 74 Chudinov, A. V., 118, Cole, Patsy, 283 Crane, Keith, 145 Chandler, Clark J., 139, 126 Coleman, Gabriel, 286 Crate, Susan, 204, 208, 243 Chulkov, O. A., 126 Coleman, Terry, 286 209 Chapin, Schuyler, 38, Chulos, Chris, 53 Coleman, Tracy, 286 Craumer, Peter R., 141, 193, 275 Chun-Ze, Jiang, 146 Coll, Steve, 212 148 Chaplin, Vsevolod, 226 Chung, Han-ku, 53, 74 Collias, Karen A., 252 Creswell, Laura, 286 Chapman, Janet G., Chunze, Jiang, 74 Collier, Irwin L., 145 Creuziger, Clementine 133, 240 Churilov, Nikolai, 160 Collins, Jim, 226 G.K., 54 Charina, O. I., 113 Ciagne, David, 179 Colton, Timothy J., 32, Crews, Robert, 54, 223, Charkviani, Gela, 258 Cienciala, Anna, 74, 177 42, 136, 151, 161, 268 Chase, William J., 74 Ciobanu, Ceslav, 48 188, 242, 244 Crisen, Sabina, 196 Chatterjee, Choi, 53, Citrinn, Paul, 286 Combs, Richard, 139 Crisostomo, Rosemarie, 182 Ciziunas, Pranas, 285 Comins-Richmond, 141 Chausskaia, O. A., 118 Clague, Christopher, 161 Walter, 227 Crisp, Olga, 75, 135, Chebanova, E. I., 125 Clark, Carol, 173 Comisso, Ellen, 146 170, 241 Cheever, John, 136 Clark, Charles, 164 Commercio, Michele, Critchlow, James, 75, Chege, Michael, 189 Clark, Dick, 132 215, 223, 248 135, 140 Chelysheva, I. V., 117 Clark, Katerina, 162, Condee, Nancy, 53, 162, Crocker, Chester A., 142 Cherniadeva, N. A., 115 174, 182 222 Cross, Sharyl, 75 Chernikov, M. V., 125 Clark, Susan, 258, 275 Conetti, Giorgio, 166 Crossley, Pamela, 168 Chernukha, Valentina G., Clark, Terry, 74 Confino, Michael, 42, Crow, Andrew, 284 153 Clark, William, 74 106, 244, 258 Crowley, Stephen F., 54, Chernyaev, Anatoly, 211 Clark, William, 287 Conlin, Cheryl, 179 75, 222 Chernyi, Ernest, 209 Clarke, J. Calvitt, III., 74 Conn, Phyllis, 75 Crowther, William, 196 Chernykh, M. A., 126 Clayton, Elizabeth M., Connor, Walter, D. 133, Cruise, Edwina Jannie, Chernysh, Irina, 74 42, 132, 139, 275 134, 136, 137, 159, 75 Cheron, George, 74 Clearwaters, Gladys A., 161, 240 Cruise, Karla, 283 Chetina, E. M., 115 281 Conte, Francis Rene, 50 Crummey, Robert O., Chevalier, Joan, 74 Clem, James, 196, 239 Contini, Bruno, 137 75, 132 Chiesa, Giulietto, 42, Clem, Ralph S., 74, 141 Conwell, Susan, 283 Cruz, Rodolfo Cerdas, 153, 247, 255 Clemens, Walter C., Jr., Cook, Ed, 148 155 Childress, Paul, 186 42, 240, 249 Cook, Linda J., 75 Cueto, Marcus, 225 Chistiakov, A. I., 126 Clement, Hermann, 152 Cooke, Catherine, 189 Cumings, Bruce, 165 Chistiakova, Ol’ga, 228 Clement, Sophia, 213, Cooper, Howard, 36 Cummings, Kenneth, 292 Chittenden, Valerie, 286 223, 233 Coopersmith, Esther, 285

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER Cummings, Paul, 285, Davy, Richard, 170 Devyatkin, Sergei, 22 Dolbilov, M. D., 112 286 Davydov, Sergei, 147 Dewhirst, Martin, 134 Domar, Evsey, 135 Curry, Jane Leftwich, Dawisha, Karen, 142, Dezhina, Irina Dominguez, Jorge, 145 152 243, 263 Gennadievna, 35, 61, Don Konics, Alexandra, Curtin, Richard, 264 Dawson, Jane, 283 175, 206, 218 284 Cushman, Corynn Day, Dwayne A., 180 D’iakova, T. A., 126 Donahue, Dennis, 190 Czaplicka, John J., 186, De Soto, Hermine G., 76 Diamond, Douglas B., Donnelly, Megan, 284 236 de Syon, Guillaume, 180 132, 240 Dordzhieva, E. V., 126 Dean, Richard, 268 Dianskaya, Galina, 175 Dorfer, Ingemar, 170 Deane, Stephen E., 281 Diatlov, Sergei Dorian, James, 230 D DeBardeleben, Joan, Alekseevich, 76, 199 Dorogon’ko, E. V., 113 173, 236 Diatlov, Viktor, 198 Dorr, Steven R., 283 Dabelko, Geoffrey D., Debreczeny, Paul, 75 Diatlova, E. V., 113 Dorzhigushaeva, O. V., 186 Degtiareva, M. I., 117 Diba, Bahman, Aghai, 123 Dale, Stephen, 168 Degtjar, Zlata, 179 210 Douglas, Charlotte, 146, D’Aleo, Donna M. Degtyarev, Andrew, 182 Dick, Steven, 180 189 Dallago, Bruno, 166, Dekanozov, Reginald, Dicke, James, 136 Douglass, John A., 181 171, 172 105 Dickinson, Sara, 76 Dovgal, Elena, 61 Dallet, Sylvie, 149 Dekel-Chen, Jonathan, Diener, Alexander, 54, Dovring, Folke, 148 Dallin, Alexander, 42, 75 227 Downey, Arthur T., 241 133, 152, 162, 241, Del Tredici, Robert, 219 Dienes, Leslie, 136, 137 Downey, Katherine, 286 247 Deliatitskaya, Lidia, 173 Dillon, Kenneth, J. 283 Downey, Thomas J., 133 Daly, John, 252 Dellenbrant, Jan Ake, 75 Dimitryevic, Vojin, 159 Dowty, Alan, 252 Daly, Jonathan W., 75, Demchuk, Artur, 227 Dinello, Natalia P., 54, Doyle, Erin, 285 283 Dement’eva, S. V., 120 184 Dragnich, Alex N., 76 Danchev, Alex, 170 Demidova, Olga, 68 Diskant, William, 136, Dragunskii, Denis, 184, Daniel, Wallace, 226 Demiray, Janet, 184 242 190, 191, 199, 212, Daniels, Robert V., 42, Demitz, Sherwood, 141 Diuk, Nadia, 33, 196, 218, 227, 228 153, 173, 245, 275 Demko, George J., 33, 197, 224, 268 Dragunsky, Vladimir, 284 D’Anieri, Pau,l 269 136, 254 Divine, Douglas, 285 Draschner, Eugenio, 155 Danilko, E. S., 115 Demyanchuk, Oleksandr Djalalov, Sandjar, 76 Dresen, F. Joseph, 1, Danilov, Viktor P., 153. P., 61, 184, 214 Djighitekov, Sadyrbek, 187, 208, 213, 215, 154 Denber, Rachel, 187 76 217, 233, 281 Danilovich, Alexander, 75 DenBeste-Barnett, Djin, Nodar, 54, 76 Dressler, Wanda, 223 Dash, Barbara L., 281 Michelle D., 75 Dmitriev, A. N., 126 Dreyer, June Teufel, 169 Dashkovskii, P. K., 113 Deng, Francis, 188, 189 Dmitrieva, Ekaterina, Drinan, Father Robert, Datieva, Natalia, 174 Denison, Michael, 75 285 187 Datsyshen, V. G., 120 Denny, Walter B., 140 Dmytryshyn, Basil, 76 Drobizheva, Leokadia Daugavet, A. B., 118 Denysova, Tamara, 214, Dobbs, Michael S., 54, Mikhailovna, 33, 160, David, Michael Z., 75 220 259 194, 195, 261, 265 David-Fox, Michael, 54, Der Ohanian, Miranda, Dobrenko, Evgeny, 76 Dronova, Natalia V., 76 177 287 Dobriakova, O. I., 126 Drummond, William J., Davidenko, Anatoly, 176 Derlugian, Georgii, 177, Dobriansky, Paula J., 76 Davidson, Daniel, 144, 188 193, 225, 276 Dryden, Ken, 268 163, 222, 275 Dershem, Larry, 183, 190 Dobrynin, Anatolii Dryzhakova, Elena, 54 Davies, Richard T., 50, Desai, Padma, 260 Fedorovich, 50, 193 du Quenoy, Paul, 286, 134 Desai, Sapna, 286, 287 Dobrynina, A. M., 115 287 Davis, Benjamin, 285 Deschapelles, Joan, 284 Dobson, Richard B., 54, Duall, Stephen, 284 Davis, Christopher, 75 Deshchytsia, Andrii, 196 76, 152, 159, 161, Dubin, Rachel, 286 Davis, Donald E., 75 DeSilva, Kingsley M., 211, 253 Dubinin, Yuri, 193 Davis, Elizabeth, 285 161 Doder, Dusko, 42, 50, Dubinsky, Vladimir, 283 Davis, Karen, 283 Despres, Sarah, 284 147 Dubovik, V. V., 126 Davis, Lynn E., 142, 156, Dessants, Betty A., 76, Dodge, Norton, 133, Dubovik, Vladimir, 61, 176 201 276 184, 200, 263 Davis, Susan, 75, 180, Devereaux, Rusty, 180 Doikov, Yuri, 76 Dubrovskaia, O. N., 126 203 Devine, Michael, 219 Doilidova, Svetlana, 218 Dubrovskii, D. V., 123 293

30 YEAR REPORT | INDEX Ducci, Maria Elena, 202 Egorova, Natalia I., 193 196, 203, 217 Fedorov, K. G., 117 Dudgeon, Ruth A., 76 Ehrhardt, John C., 77 Eskin, Michael, 208 Fedorov, Lev A., 186 Dudwick, Nora C., 54, Eichrodt, Joan, 172 Estes, Valerie, 196 Fedorova, Svetlana G., 268 Eisener, Reinhard, 77 Etkind, A. M., 126 136, 242 Duffy, Maureen, 283 Eissenstat, Howard, 203 Etkind, Aleksandr, 42 Fedorovsky, Alexander, Dufourcq, Nicolas, 168 Eizenstat, Stuart E., 169 Etzioni, Amitai, 159 230 Duleba, Alexander, 196 Ekeh, Peter, 188, 189 Evangelista, Matthew A., Fedotov, Mikhail, 68 Dumova, Irina, 199, 200 Eklof, A. Ben, 42, 153 151, 246, 268, 276 Fedunyak, Serhiy, 214, Dunajewski, Henri, 76 Elina, Olga, 232 Evans, Alfred B., Jr., 77, 221, 230, 231 Duncan, Cristen Elliott, Derek, 180 138, 139, 148, 243, Feifer, George, 77 Duncan, W. Raymond, Elliott, Mark, 77 264 Feigelson, Kristian, 78 150, 251 Ellis, Charles, 163 Evans, Arthur, 286 Feigenbaum, Harvey, Dunham, Vera S., 33, Ellis, Jane, 152 Evans, John, 50, 255, 171 132, 133, 136, 240 Ellison, Herbert J., 10, 276 Feigenbaum, Naomi, Dunlop, John B., 54, 19, 31, 32, 33, 36, Evdokimova, Natal’ia, 283 134, 149, 152, 161, 141, 142, 143, 144, 160 Fenwick, Millicent, 133 223, 252 145, 147, 150, 193, Evered, Kyle, 216, 227 Ferdinand, Peter, 156, Dunn, Dennis, J. 76 233, 234, 236, 237, Evers, Patricia, 283 158, 159 Dunn, Ethel, 190 245, 276, 280 Eversole, Felicia, 284 Ferguson, Joseph, 230 Dupouy, Herve, 76 Ely, Christopher D., 77 Evseeva, Natalia, 247 Ferren, Karin, 281 Durandin, Catherine, 77 Emadi, Hafizullah, 77 Ewing, Tom, 182 Ferro, Marc, 106, 149 Durgin, Frank A., 139 Emerson, Caryl, 147 Fesenko, Volodymyr, Durham, Amy, 285 Emmons, Terence, 32, 205, 221 Durkin, Andrew, 77 33, 153 F Feshbach, Murray, 42, Dushin, O. E., 112, 126 Emmons-White, Camrin, 48, 133, 134, 135, Facey, Rachel, 286 Duskin, Eric, 77 286 136, 140, 142, 146, Faeges, Russel, 283 Dust, Dust Muhammed, Engel, Barbara A., 42, 147, 156, 159, 202, Faerber, Fritz, 285 285 77, 276 223, 240, 241, 243, Fairbanks, Charles H., Dutkiewicz, Piotr, 173 Engel, Jeffrey, 219 249, 253, 256, 276 Jr., 138, 145, 188, Dynkin, Aleksandr A., 77 Engelstein, Laura, 42, Fetisova, E. N., 113 243 77, 276 Fetter, John, 230 Falcoff, Mark, 145 Engerman, David C., 77, Field, Daniel, 78, 132, Falk, Amy, 283 201, 269 153, 240, 276 E Falkenheim, Peggy L., Englander, David, 170 Field, Mark, 159, 173, Eagle, Herbert, 149 77 English, Elizabeth C., 77, 174, 253 Eagleburger, Lawrence Fallenbuchl, Zbigniew 189, 232 Field, Robert, 176 S., 193, 226 M., 134, 146, 241 English, Terrence, 36, Fierman, William, 216, Eames, Patricia, 283 Faller, Helen, 210, 215, 276 249 Earnest, Peter, 220 225 Entin, Alina, 286 Filatov, Nikolai, 174 Easter, Gerald M., 77 Fane, Daria, 156 Eptstein, Erin, 286 Filicheva, O. N., 115 Eberstadt, Nicholas, Fanger, Donald, 147, Epstein, Mikhail Filippov, S. I., 120 159, 230, 266 151, 246 Naumovich, 42 Filippova, Olha, 35, 61, Echevskaia, O. G., 115 Farer, Tom, 145 Epstein, Rebecca, 284 104, 214, 220 Eddings, Jim, 285 Farley, Brigit, 77, 226, Erickson, Erick, 144, 283 Filitov, Aleksei, M., 149 Edelman, Robert, 77, 268 248 Ericson, Richard, 33, Filiushkin, A. I., 112 Edemskii, Andrei Farnsworth, Beatrice, 77, 161, 176, 180 Finder, Susan A., 78 Borisovich, 106 139, 244 Erlich, Victor, 33 Finerty, John, 187 Edokov, A. V., 120 Farrell, Suzanne, 269 Ermachenko, I. O., 118, Finkelstein, Leonid, 141 Efimova, Alla, 77 Fast, Harriet Scott, 245 120 Finn, Judith, 285 Egorin, Anatoly, 225 Fauriol, Georges A., 144 Ermakova, E. E., 114 Firsov, Boris, 48 Egorov, Boris Fedorenko, Nikolai, 136 Ermarth, Fritz, 151 Fischer, Beth, 179 Fedorovich, 77, 158 Fedorov, A. A., 112 Ermolin, Evgeny, 197 Fischer, Lewis A., 137 Egorov, Sergei Fedorov, A. V., 117 Erokhina, Liudmila, 230 Fish, M. Steven, 188 Aleksandrovich, 77 Fedorov, Aleksandr, 61 Ershova, Tat’iana, 61, 77, Fishel, Gene, 223, 224 Egorov, Viacheslav Fedorov, Gennady, 219, 104, 198, 205 Fisher, Nancy, 283 Nikolaevich, 166 222 294 Esfandiari, Haleh, 195, Fisher, Stanley, 161

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER Fisher, Vic, 268 Frye, Richard, 134 Garrard, John, 42, 78, Gimon, T. V., 115 Fisher, Wesley, 133, 149, Frye, Timothy M., 265, 249, 276 Ginsburgs, George, 137, 238 284 Garrison, Mark, 139, 276 243 Fisun, Oleksandr, 35, 61, Fuerth, Leon S., 194, 266 Garsoian, Nina G., 138, Ginzburg, Solomon, 219 214, 221, 230, 231 Fujimura, Clementine, 243 Girard, Michelle Fitzpatrick, Sheila ,42, 78, 187, 267 Garthoff, Raymond L., Gitelson, Josef I., 79 132, 139, 182, 243, Fukuyama, Francis, 151 148, 149, 150, 151, Giuliano, Elise, 79, 210, 244 Fuller, Graham E., 169 179, 211, 212, 246, 215, 225 Fleischhauer, Ingeborg, Fuller, William, 162 251, 276 Glad, John, 10, 18, 31, 78, 249 Fursenko, Aleksandr Garver, Bruce, 185 140, 193, 265, 276, Fleron, Frederic J., Jr., Aleksandrovich, 106, Garvin, Alexander, 136 280 247 263 Gasimoglu, Nariman, Gladkova, E. V., 123 Flier, Michael S., 78, Fuss, Adam, 286, 287 227 Gladney, Dru, 169, 216 162, 276 Futey, Judge Bohdan, Gatashov, Vasily, 191 Gladyshev, A. V., 118, Flom, Claire, 170 262 Gati, Charles, 143, 145, 126 Flom, Joseph, 2, 169 Futterman, Barbara L., 245 Glasse, Antonia, 79 Floyd, Hon. Jane, 179 283 Gatrell, Peter, 78 Glazner, Perry, 226 Flynn, James T., 78 Fyne, Robert, 78 Gavrikov, Anatoly, 212 Glazychev, Vyacheslav Foglesong, David S., 78 Gefner, O. V., 126 Leonidovich, 50, 106, Folloni, Giuseppe, 171 Gekkina, E. N., 118 202, 276 Foltz, William, 188 G Gellner, Ernst, 168 Glazyrin, Feliks, 206 Fortunova, Liubov, 285 Gelman, Harry, 142, 245, Gleason, Abbott, 17, 32, Gabdrafikov, Ildar, 195 Foster, Frances, 259 249 33, 111, 138, 139, Gachechiladze, Giorgi, Fowler, John, 219 Gel’man, Vladimir, 182, 193, 201, 224, 236, 255 Fox, Martyna Agata, 78 183, 187 248, 254, 266, 280 Gaddis, John Lewis, Fox, Michael S., 78 Genieva, Ekaterina, 111 Gleason, Gregory W., 106, 150, 193 Foxwell, Wendy, 281 Gentile, Michael, 78 54, 79, 246, 276 Gaddy, Clifford, 262 Foye, Stephen, 258 George, Alexander, 145 Gleason, Walter, 79 Gaidis, Vladas, 160, 195 Frajlich-Zajac, Anna, 78 George, Julie, 227 Gleason, William, 48, Gaiduk, Il’ia, 61, 88, Frame, Murray, 78 Geraci, Robert P., 54, 78 276, 281 106, 170, 193 Francis, Peter, 36 Geraghty, John, 144 Glikova, Viktoria, 194 Gaiurova, I. A., 123 Frank, Stephen P., 54 Gerard, Beth, 284 Glomozda, Kostyantyn, Gakman, Serhiy, 196 Frazier, Thecla L., 1, 281 Gerbner, George, 162 68 Galkin, Aleksandr, 173 Freedman, Robert, 263 Gering, A. G., 118 Glukhaniuk, N. S., 123 Galkin, Dmitrii, 229 Freer, Paula, 180 Gerovitch, Slava, 232 Gnatiuk, Olga, 199 Galloway, Eilene, 180 Freese, Theresa, 285, Gershkovich, Alexander Gnezditskaia, Anastasia, Gangloff, Eric, 165 286 (Alexandr), 54, 79, 79 Gannushkina, Svetlana, Freidin, Gregory, 161 141, 149, 246 Gnolidze, Manana, 105 187 Freidin, Yurii, 161, 207 Gershkovich, T. B., 123 Gnuskina, Valentyna, Gapova, Elena, 204, Freire, Olival, Jr., 232 Gerstein, Linda, 139 200 208, 209 Freinkman, Lev, 263 Getz, Robert, 283 Goble, Paul, 140, 152, Gasparov, Boris, 207 French, R. Antony, 42, Geyer, Dietrich, 42 161, 249, 254 Gasparov, Mikhail, 208 167, 259 Ghodsee, Kristen, 203 Godement, Francois, Gentes, Andrew, 78 Friedberg, Maurice, 33, Ghosh, Anton, 289 159 Garb, Paula, 186, 226 78, 140, 141, 276 Gibianski, Leonid, 193 Godfrey, Anthony, 187 Garber, Stephen, 284 Frieden, Nancy M., 78 Gibson, James R., 136, Godson, Roy, 133 Garcelon, Marc E., 54, Friedgut, Theodore H., 242 Golan, Galia, 106, 247 261 78 Gidadhubli, R.G., 79 Goland, Yuri, 79 Gardirovsky, Sergei, 225 Friedman, Rebecca, 78 Giglio, Jennifer, 1, 215, Golbert, Rebecca, 79 Gardner, Stephen, 145 Friedman, Steven, 202 281 Gol’bert, V. V., 115 Garmaeva, K. Z.,120 Frierson, Cathy A., 54 Gil-Robles, Alvaro, 168 Goldberg, Andrew, 252 Garmaeva, Tat’iana, 62, Frolova, S. A., 126 Gilburd, Eleonory, 79 Goldberg, Stuart, 207 104, 198 Frombgen, Elizabeth, Gillette, Howard, 185, Golden, Peter B., 138, Garmash, Svetlana, 199 227 217 242 Garnett, Sherman, 177, Frumkin, Vladimir, 78, Gillette, Philip S., 79 Goldfrank, David, 154, 248 136 Gilman, Amy, 284 181, 259 295

30 YEAR REPORT | INDEX Goldman, Marshall, 133, Goscilo, Helena I., 55, Gregorian, Vartan, 110, Gusiev, Valentyn, 62 136, 230, 269 80, 162 114, 128, 222 Gust, Sandra, 174 Goldman, Stuart, 147, Goskho, Ana, 284 Gregory, Paul R., 138, Gustafson, Thane, 140, 165 Gosling, Skip, 220 139, 161 264 Goldstein, Darra, 55, 246 Gottemoeller, Rose E., Grenkevich, Leonid, 62 Gutorov, Vladimir, 184 Goldstein, Elizabeth, 151, 246, 252 Grete, Ulrich, 169 Guvenc, Bozkurt, 170 146 Govatski, Sondra, 285 Gretsky, Sergei, 169 Guvenc, Melda, 170 Goldstein, Melvyn, 169 Gozman, Leonid Griesse, Ann, 283 Guy, Kenneth, 286 Goldstein, Steven, 152 Iakovlevich, 80, 107, Griffin, James, 286 Gvosdev, Nicholas, 226, Golomstock, Igor, 79, 170, 260 Griffith, William E., 132, 267 133 Grachev, S. V., 126 135, 141, 142, 150 Golosov, G. V. (Grigorii Graden, Tyler, 286 Grigor’ev, Vladimir, 163 Vasilevich), 42, 79, Grafova, Lidiia, 80, 258 Grigor’eva, I. G., 113 H 120, 185, 247 Graham, Katharine, 36, Grigorichev, K. V., 114 Haass, Richard N., 217 Golovakha-Hicks, Inna, 193, 276 Grimsted, Patricia Habecker, David, 285 285 Graham, Loren R., 43, Kennedy, 238, 245 Hachten, Elizabeth A., Golovin, I. A., 123 44, 132, 142, 231, Grinevich, Vadim, 62 80, 232 Golovin, V. V., 120, 126 254, 276 Grischenko, Jane, 160 Hacker, Paul, 214 Golovina, R. V., 126 Graham, Rachel A., 283 Gritsenko, V., 123 Haerpfer, Christian, 43 Goloviznina, M. V., 118 Grancelli, Bruno, 80, Grochowski, Ted, 186 Hadad, William, 174 Goloviznina, Marina, 79 166, 171 Grokh, Natalya Hagenloh, Paul, 55 Golovskoy, Valery S., 79, Graney, Katherine, 204, Grollman, Jennifer, 285 Haghayeghi, Mehrdad, 141, 149, 245, 276 208, 209, 210, 215, Gromkovskaia, Lydia, 55, 260, 268, 269 Golubovi, Zagorka, 170 224, 239 157, 165 Hahn, Gordon M., 80 Golunov, Sergei, 207 Granick, David, 33, 43, Gross, Donald A., 80 Hahn, Jeffrey W., 80, Goncharov, I. M., 114 133, 135, 241, 242, Gross, Janna, 283 154, 161, 222, 236, Goncz, Arpad, 159 274 Gross, Max, 141 245, 247, 276 Gonzalez, Eloy Alberto Granin, Daniil, 136 Grossman, Gregory, 33, Haig, Alexander M., Jr., Ortega, 91 Grant, Bruce, 80 132, 133, 135, 137, 193, 226 Goodby, James, 267 Grant, Steven A., 139, 146, 161, 176, 241 Haigh, Elizabeth, 232 Goodman, Melvin A., 238, 281 Grossman, Phillip, 133, Hajibaev, Karim 142, 245, 256 Granville, Johanna, 80, 240 Aminjanovich, 62 Goodman, Seymour, 284 Grossman, Sheryl, 196 Hakamada, Shigeki, 156, 140, 276 Grau, Lester, 211 Grow, Michael, 283 158 Goodwin, Toby, 284 Graves, William III, 247 Gruber, Samuel, 167 Hale, Jonathan, 285 Gorbachev, Mikhail, 29, Gray, Francine du Grushin, Boris, 160, 258 Halfin, Igal, 80 265 Plessix, 136 Gryshchenko, Kostyantyn, Hall, Laura, 285 Gordon, Ellen, 283 Gray, Kenneth R., 80, 196 Hall, Mica, 203 Gore, Al, 261, 266 139, 148, 155, 236, Gryzlov, Vladimir, 171 Hallik, Klara, 195 Goregliad, Vladislav, 157 243, 245 Guangqing, Liu, 146 Halliwell, Martin, 81 Gorelov, Pavel, 255 Graziosi, Andrea, 55, Gudava, Edward, 153 Haltzel, Michael, 194, Goren-Shulkin, 177, 260 Gudkov, Lev, 160 257 Alexander van, 153 Green, Candy, 223 Gudziak, Borys, 80 Hamilton, Archibald, 168 Gorenburg, Dmitry, 43, Green, Donald W., 139, Guetta, Bernard, 143 Hamilton, Ellen, 222, 210, 215, 225 140, 145, 244 Guimaraes, Lytton L., 155 260 Gorham, Michael S., 182 Green, Richard L., 281, Guldenzopf, David, 219 Hamilton, Lee H., 2, 6, Gorin, Peter A., 180 283 Gulevich, O. A., 115 122, 194, 201, 211, Gorlin, Alice C., 79 Greene, Alden, 286 Gumeniuk, Oleg, 198 219, 222 Gorman, Robert, 80 Greenfeld, Liah ,161 Gurevich, Aleksandr, 195 Hammack, Thomas, 284 Gormley, Dennis M., 151 Greenfeld, Peter, 198 Gurevich, E. L., 126 Hammer, Darrell P., 252 Gorny, Michael, 80 Greenslade, Gertrude Guroff, Alexander, 283 Hammond, Thomas T., Gorodetsky, Gabriel, 43, Schroeder, 137, 138, Guroff, Gregory, 135, 81 80, 170 148, 242, 243, 276 139, 241, 251 Hanak, Katalin, 170 Gorokhova, R. I., 118 Greenspan, Alan, 263 Gurova, O. I., 115 Hanak, Peter, 170 Gorshkova, V. V., 126 Greenwood, Maureen, Gusaev, Magomedsalikh Handler, Joshua, 209 296 Goryaeva, Lubov’, 225 209, 284 Magomedovich, 166

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER Handrahan, Lori, 81 Hauslohner, Peter, 156, Hewett, Ed A., 132, 134, Horowitz, Brian J., 55, Hane, Mikiso, 165 276, 279 136, 137, 140, 146, 276 Hannaford, Ivan, 169 Havranek, Jan, 170 147, 151, 245, 246, Horrigan, Brenda L., 82 Hansell, Shana, 285, Havrylyshyn, Oleh, 176 251 Hoskins, Patricia, 284 287 Hawkins, Stacey, 285 Hewitt, William, 133 Hoston, Germaine, 165 Hansen, Robert, 107 Hawkins, Valerye K., 281 Heyneman, Stephen, Hough, Jerry F., 33, 43, Hanson, Dorothea C., Hay, Andrew, 286 163, 217 132, 135, 139, 146, 281 Hayes, Margaret Daly, Hickey, Michael C., 81 147, 161, 176, 241, Hanson, Philip, 161, 166, 145 Hickman, Brooks, 287 249, 251, 254, 262 208, 213, 215, 217, Hayes, Stephen, 144 Hiebert, Fredrik, 203 Hovannisian, Richard G., 233 Hayes, Tammi, 285 Highlander, Dolores, 230 138, 242 Hanson, Stephen E., 55, Hays, Jonathan, 286 Hill, William, 48, 223 Howard, David, 145 233, 234, 262, 266 Healy, Anne, 81 Hilton, Alison, 33, 81, Howes, Jonathan, 172 Hara, Teruyuki, 157 Hebert, Lori Erin, 285 133, 135, 207, 217 Howlett, Jana, 177 Haran, Oleksiy, 33, 62, Hedges, Warren, 286 Himmer, Robert, 81, Hrabe, Chirs, 286 189, 192, 194, 220, Hedlund, Stefan, 81, 261 246, 276 Hrabovsky, Leonid, 268 267 Hefley, Joel, 219 Hinkle, Douglas, 286 Hrodzynskyi, Mykhailo, Hardashuk, Tetiana, 200, Hegarty, Stephen, 284 Hirsch, Francine, 177 196, 214, 220, 221 205, 231 Heineman, Zoe, 281, Hobbs, Daryl, 183 Hrycak, Alexandra, 82, Hardy, Camille, 269 284 Hodnett, Grey, 133, 137, 210, 215, 225, 266 Harasymiw, Bohdan, 81 Heinrich, Kurt, 144 139 Huber, Robert, 50, 163, Harden, Evelyn J., 81, Heintze, James, R., 283 Hoffman, George W., 166, 221, 222, 234, 276 Heinzen, James, 81, 161 33, 245 252, 263, 276 Hardt, John P., 137, 146, Heleniak, Timothy, 55, Hoffman, David, 269 Hudak, Vasil, 196 147, 249, 251, 254 174, 227 Hoffmann, David, 55, Huffman, Eric, 285 Hargitai, Zsuzsanna, 166 Hellbeck, Jochen, 177 81, 259, 262 Hughes, Carol Bailey, 82 Haroutunian, Gayane, 62 Hellie, Richard, 152 Hoffmann, Erik P., 81, 161 Hughes, James, 172 Harriman, Pamela C., 38 Hellman, Joel S., 55, Hoffmann, Robert, 154 Hughes, Robert P., 236 Harris, James R., 55 161 Hohmann, Hans- Hui, Jin, 146 Harris, Jane Gary, 81 Helton, Arthur, 187 Herman, 50, 143, 152 Hull, Isabell, 164 Harris, Steven, 55 Hemment, Julie, 204 Hollingsworth, Paul, 152 Humphlett, Patricia E., Harrison, Hope M., 55, Henderson, Doug, 168 Holloway, David J., 107, 283 219, 264 Hendley, Kathryn, 43, 149, 162, 188, 193 Hundley, Helen S., 82, Harrison, Mark, 138, 243 55, 182, 187, 189 Holloway, Sean, 285 248 Harrison, Richard, 81 Hendzel, Kevin S., 283 Holmes, Larry E., 55, 82, Hunter, Holland, 137 Harrison, Selig, 211 Hengesbach, Alice, 209 245, 276 Hunter, Shireen, 224 Harter, Stefanie, 180 Henry, Peter, 144 Holmes, Stephen, 264 Huskey, Eugene, 82, Hartford, James J., 173 Henze, Paul B., 107, Holovakha, Evgeny, 194 161, 260 Hartman, Arthur, 193, 140, 150, 258 Holquist, Peter I., 55, Hutchings, Robert, 107, 226 Herbst, John, 152, 172 177 143, 162, 249 Hartman, Gary, 220 Heretz, Roxana, 283 Holstein, Jessica, 284 Huttenbach, Henry, 174 Hartstone, Rachel, 284 Herlemann, Horst, 81, Holt, Dan, 219 Hutton, Marcelline J., 82 Hasegawa, Tsuyoshi, 81, 142, 143, 236 Holt, Lisa R., 281 Huyck, Jonathan, 284 147, 156, 158, 159 Herlihy, Patricia, 43, 81, Holt, Ulle Viiroja, 82 Hyland, William G., 134, Hashim, Salahaddin, 50 153, 174, 247 Holzman, Franklyn D., 240 Haslam, Jonathan, 149, Herold, Richard, 36 43, 145, 161, 244, Hylton, Lori, 284 193 Herr, Anne D., 283, 284 276 Haspel, Moshe, 284 Herrera, Yoshiko, 81, Homer, Lauren, 187 Hassner, Pierre, 107 210 Homilko, Olha, 220 I Hastedt, Glenn P., 181 Hershberg, Jim, 212 Hoover, Beverly, 285 Iakimets, Vladimir, 35, Hasty, Olga Peters, 208 Herspring, Dale R., 43, Hopkins, Desiree, 286 48, 82, 184, 191, 199, Hatano, Kazuhiro, 157 143, 151, 249, 257 Hopkins, Sarah, 284 206, 212, 213, 218, Hathaway, Robert, 211, Hervert, Emily, 285, 286 Hopmann, Philip, 107 229 217, 230 Herzfeld, Michael, 163 Hoppe, Bert, 82 Iakovleva, I. I., 115 Hauner, Milan, 158 Hessler, Julie M., 55, Horelick, Arnold, 142, Iakovleva, Ol’ga, 229 Hausladen, Gary J., 81 177 208 297

30 YEAR REPORT | INDEX Iakushin, Evgenii, 171 Ivanitski, Viktor, 213 Jian, Chen, 193, 219 Kadyrov, S. K., 118 Iakushkina, Tat’iana, 228 Ivanov, Konstantin, 232 Jiarong, Yang, 82 Kaganov, Grigorii, 83, Ialovitsina, S. E., 123 Ivanov, V.V., 140 Jinfu, Shen, 146 167 Iangulova, L. V., 118 Ivanova, Natalia, 175, Jodlinski, Leszek, 167 Kahan, Arcadius, 43, Iankovskaia, G. A., 118 213, 218, 230 Johnson, Bradford P., 132, 133, 135, 138, Iargomskaia, N. B., 112 Ivanova, Olena, 205, 238, 245, 276, 281 236, 240, 241 Iarlikapov, A. A., 126 220 Johnson, D. Gale, 132, Kahn, Andrew, 164 Iaroshenko, S. S., 121 Ivashev, Andrei, 206 240 Kaiser, Daniel H., 43, 79, Iarov, S. V., 115 Ivlev, V. P., 126 Johnson, Donald Barton, 246, 277 Iarovenko, E. V., 113 Ivnitskii, Nikolai, 263 43 Kaiser, Robert, 55, 188 Iarzutkina, A. A., 115 Iyer, Seema, 227 Johnson, Eric, 179 Kaiser, Robert G., 133, Ibneeva, Guzel, 213 Iyezuitova, Raisa V., 147 Johnson, Erica, 210 194, 249 Ibragimova, Rozaliia, Izmest’eva, Tamara, 218 Johnson, James, 180 Kakar, M. Hassan, 212 229 Izmirli, Idil, 227 Johnson, Janet Elise, Kakasenko, Jon, 286 Ibrahim, Jibrin, 188 204, 208, 209 Kalabanov, A. N., 126 Ibrahimova, Ivanna, 214, Johnson, Juliet, 262 Kalashnikov, M. V., 118 220, 231 J Johnson, Mark S., 82, Kalashnikova, M. V., 199, Iglitzin, Lara, 187, 233 111, 216, 222, 269 123 Jackson, Marvin, 143 Ignat’ev, Anatolii, 154 Johnson, Richard, 283 Kalb, Judith, 83 Jackson, Robert L., 151, Ignateva, Irina, 212 Johnson, Vida, 255 Kalenskii, Valerii 246 Igrunov, Vyacheslav, 165 Johnstone, Kari, 55, 82, Georgievich, 50 Jacob, Betty M., 160, Il’in, Sergei, 171 211 Kalicki, Jan, 48, 236, 276 Ilishev, Ildus, 104 Jonas, Ted, 36 267, 277 Jacobs, Dan, 82, 276 Iliukha, O. P., 126 Jones, Christopher D., Kalimullin, T. R., 123 Jacobs, Everett M., 139, Illiaronov, Andrei, 234 143, 144 Kalinowska-Blackwood, 148 Ilyin, Pavel, 55, 276 Jones, David, 181 Izabela, 83 Jacobs, Richard D., 193, Imai, Yoshio, 82 Jones, Ellen, 245 Kaliuzhnov, N. V., 115 276 Ingham, Bernard, 168 Jones, Milo, 283 Kaliuzhnova, N. I., 121 Jacobson, Leslie, 269 Inoue, Yoshie, 157 Jones, Robert, 154 Kalmykov, Kate, 286 Jaehne, Karen, 149 Ioffe, Grigory, 182, 183, Jones, Steven, 153 Kalmykov, Sergei, 174 Jagmetti, Ricardo, 170 187, 190, 192 Jonson, Lena, 83 Kalugina, Zemfira, 190 Jakobson, Michael, 82 Iogman, Leonid Joravsky, David, 43, 139, Kalyanaram, Janabel, Jiger, 169 Genrikhovich, 105 161, 241, 243 Gurumurthy, 83 Janack, James, 82 Iouzina-Tarvainen, Jordan, Boris, 36, 201 Kalyukh, Yuriy, 62, 231 Jandl, Thomas, 264 Lioubov, 82 Jordan, Pamela A., 277, Kameyama, Ikuo, 158 Janes, Robert, 283 Irwin, Conway, 287 281, 284 Kamin, Jonathan T., 283 Janos, Andrew, 161 Irwin, Zachary, 82 Joselyn, Bernadine, 171 Kamisky, Anne, 220 Japaridze, Tedo, 258 Isaevych, Iaroslav, 163 Joseph, Richard, 189 Kamoff-Nicolsky, Jasinska-Kania, Isayev, Sergei Josephson, Paul, 142, George, 143 Aleksandra, 160 Aleksandrovich, 62 176 Kampelman, Max M., Javeline, Debra, 215, Ishaev, Hon. Viktor, 179 Jowitt, Kenneth, 137 201 223, 248 Isham, Hon. Heyward, Joyce, John M., 50 Kanamori, Hisao, 147 Javits, Jacob, 133 263, 276 Judson, Ruth, 283 Kandiyoti, Deniz, 196 Jaworsky, John, 177 Ishchenko, Elena, 222 Juviler, Peter H., 139, Kane, Sarah, 269 Jeanfreau, Matthew, 286 Ishkanian, Armine, 204, 143, 160, 243, 277 Kanet, Roger, 141 Jennings, Peter, 155 208, 209, 227, 239, Kangas, Denise M., 83 Jensen, Donald, 264 267 Kangas, Roger D., 83, Jensen, Robert G., 136, Iskenderov, Akhmed, 210, 216, 261 137 K 260 Kanishchenko, Olena, Jersild, Austin L., 55, Kääriäinen, Kimmo, 226 Ispa, Jean, 183 205 164 Kabala, Stanley, 159 Ito, Takayuki, 156, 158, Kapadia, Sneha, 284 Jervalidze, Liana, 62, Kabalina, Veronika, 62 159 Kaplan, Cynthia S., 83 104 Kachalin, Vladimir, 199 Iudel’son, A. V., 121 Kaplan, Lawrence S., Jeszensky, Geza, 170 Kachkin, A. V., 126 Iurchenkov, V. A., 118 180 Jewsiewicki, Bogumil, Kachurin, Pamela, 189 Iurina, E. A., 121 Kaple, Deborah, 283 188 Kadryzhanov, Rustem, 62 298 Ivanenko, G. S., 115 Kaplunovskii, A. P., 127

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER Kapusta, Alvin, 141 Kedourie, Sylvia, 170 Kharullin, Ruslan, 206, Kirkow, Peter, 263 Karabulatova, I. S., 114 Keenan, Edward, 50, 212 Kirsanov, N. O., 121 Karandakova, Irina, 83 139, 152, 162 Khazanov, Anatoly, 84, Kirschenbaum, Lisa, 181 Karandashev, Viktor, 228 Keidel, Albert, 169 189, 277 Kiselev, Aleksandr Karaseva, Marina, 228 Keilman, John, 285 Khisamutdinov, Amir, Arkadievich, 105 Kardinskaia, S. V., 123 Kelahan, Benjamin, 285 185 Kirsenko, Mykhailo, 62, Kariakin, Iurii, 162 Kelemen, Michele, 284 Khitrov, Viktor, 173 221 Karim, Mohammad Keliher, John, 144 Khizrieva, G. A., 127 Kirzhaeva, V. P., 127 Abdul, 83 Keller, Edmund, 189 Khlevniuk, Oleg, 177 Kiselev, S. B., 127 Karimov, Shamsiddin, 83 Keller, Shoshana, 83 Khmelevskaia, Iuliia, 229 Kiser, John, 251 Karklins, Rasma, 107 Kellison, J. Bruce, 281 Khodarkovsky, Michael, Kishko, M. V., 121 Karpat, Kemal, 141 Kelly, Cindy, 219 56, 161, 164 Kislinskaia, Larisa, 255 Karpov, Anatolii, 168 Kemme, David M., 146 Khodnev, Aleksandr, 35, Kissane, Carolyn, 84, Karpov, Vyacheslav, 226 Kempe, Frederick, 208, 68, 84, 175, 178, 185, 210 Karsh, Efraim, 83 213, 215 191, 199, 206, 218, Kisseleva, Irina, 84 Karuna, I. A., 117 Ken, Oleg, 62, 228 229 Kissinger, Henry A., 193, Kashlinsky, Galina, 83, Kendall, Donald M., 38, Khodzhaeva, E. A., 123 226 284 193, 277 Khomenko, Gryhoriy, 84 Kistler, Richard, 283 Kasianov, Georgii, 83 Kenen, Peter P., 134, Khomiakov, Maxim, 222 Kivler, Kelly, 223 Kasinec, Edward, 83, 241 Khomiakova, E. V., 123 Kiziria, Dodona, 153 164 Kenez, Peter, 33, 43, Khon, Martin, 251 Klaus, Sarah, 284 Kassalow, Everett, 133 138, 139, 153, 154, Khosueva, N. V., 119 Kleberg, Lars, 84, 139, Kassof, Allen H., 9, 33, 162, 236, 243, 244 Khotin, Leonid, 253 170, 243 133, 144, 146, 277 Kennan, Christopher, 2, Khristoforov, I. A., 127 Klebnikov, Paul, 84 Kasyanov, Serhiy, 200 36, 38, 193, 277 Khristoforova, O. B., 123 Kleiman, Naum, 269 Kasymova, Nazokat, 62, Kennan, Hon. George F., Khromova, A. V., 115 Klein, Patricia Andrea, 104, 248 4, 5, 7, 9, 14, 16, 25, Khrushchev, Sergei, 181 283 Katsev, Allison, 164 30, 31, 32, 33, 38, Khrushcheva, Nina, 208 Klenin, Emily, 84 Katsura, Nobuo, 157 107, 141, 194, 239, Khudaeva, Olesya, 206 Kelpko, Serhiy, 214 Katsyznyi, Dmitrii, 281 245, 249, 252, 273, Khudonazarov, Davlat, Klausmeier, Axel, 220 Katunin, D. A., 127 274, 277, 280 47, 50, 213 Kleimola, Ann, 226 Katz, Barry, 201 Kennedy, Edward M., Kiaer, Christina, 189 Klepikova, Tat’iana, 229 Katz, Mark N., 55, 148, 183 Kibalnik, Sergei A. , 62 Kleve, Karl, 220 150, 150, 151, 210, Kennedy, Janet, 83, 133, Kim, Byung-Yeon, 84 Kliaus, V. L., 127 215, 223, 236, 246, 135 Kim, Georgii, 251 Klier, J.D., 84 249, 267, 277, 279, Kennedy, Michael, 188 Kim, Hak-Joon, 108, 84 Kligman, Gail, 159, 160 281 Kennedy, Paul, 181 Kim, Hong N., 283 Klimontovich, Nikolai Katzenelenboigen, Aron, Keogh, Dermot, 170 Kimball, R. Alan, 84 Iurievich, 56 132, 137 Keough, Matthew, 285 Kimball, Warren, 149 Klimov, Elem, 149 Kaufman, I. S., 112 Kepley, Vance, 149 Kimura, Hiroshi, 142, Klimov, I. A., 127 Kaufman, Peter B., 163 Kerst, Kenneth A., 50, 147, 158, 159, 245 Kline, George, 139, 244 Kaufman, Richard, 43, 240 King, Charles, 84, 189, Kliucharev, Grigory, 179, 147, 249, 259 Kertman, Grigorii, 195 196, 203 199,206, 213, 218, Kaufman, Stuart, 83 Kessler, Ellen V., 283 King, Stacey, 285 226, 228 Kavrus, Nadezhda F., 83 Ket’ko, S. M., 127 Kinman, Michelle, 285 Klugman, Jeni, 174, 204 Kay, Rebecca, 204 Kettering, Karen, 217 Kinoshita, Toyofusa, 157 Klyamkin, Igor, 50, 194 Kay, Sharon, 283, 284 Keyes, Milton, 158 Kipp, Jacob, 181 Klymanska, Larysa, 221 Kaye, Melanie, 283 Keys, Barbara, 56, 182 Kirby, Donald, 283 Klymovych, Oksana, 287 Kazakov, A. A., 121 Kezin, Anatoly, 179 Kirby, Stuart, 84 Klynchenko, Tetyana, Kazakov, Andrei, 173 Khachaturian, Lisa, 286 Kirchhoff, Sara, 285 201, 214 Kazakov, R. B., 127 Khakimov, Rafael, 225 Kirchner, Walther, 84, Klyushkina, Olga, 104, Kazemzadeh, Firuz, 135, Khalilzad, Zalmay, 142, 135, 241 206 138, 140, 241, 277 245 Kirienko, Sergei, 267 Knight, Amy W., 43, Kazmina, Olga, 62 Khalturina, D. A., 127 Kirillina, A. V., 127 161, 265, 277 Kazuminov, Gennadii, B. Khamaneva, Natalia Kirillov, Yurii Vasilievich, Knight, Andrew, 285 164 Iurievna, 83 62 Knight, Jack, 176, 180 299

30 YEAR REPORT | INDEX Knight, Nathaniel, 56, 84 Konyshev, Valerii, 229 Koval’, O. A., 112 Kruessman, Thomas, 85 Knox, Zoe, 84, 226 Koopman, Robert, 148 Koval, Ihor N., 176, 200, Kruger, Mary, 192 Kobak, Aleksandr, 197, Kopp, Anatole, 43, 85, 214, 277 Kruger-Sprengel, 198 139, 244 Koval’, T. B.,124 Friedhelm, 170 Kober, Stanley, 151, 277 Korbonski, Andrzej, 134, Kovalchuk, Natalya, 183 Krunkaityte, Edita, 1, Koboladze, Archil, 153 241 Kovalenko, Andriy, 231 281 Kobyzov, R. A., 113, 121 Korelin, Avenir P., 153 Kovalenko, Volodymyr, Krupnik, Igor, 163 Kobrinsky, Aleksandr, 208 Kormina, Z. V., 124, 127 230 Krupyashkina, Svetlana, Kocaoglu, Timur, 140 Kornai, Janos, 145 Kovalev, S. I., 117 63 Kocheshkov, Gennadii N., Korobienikova, Marina Kovalev, V. A., 115, 121 Krylova, Anna, 182, 201, 63, 104 Nikolaevna, 105 Kovaleva, A. E., 121 232 Kochetkov, I. V., 115 Korobkov, Andrei, 227 Kovaleva, Inna, 213 Kryshtanovskaya, Olga, Kocian, Lisa, 285 Korolev, Pavel, 1, 281 Kovler, Anatoly, 165 50, 172, 261 Kodjak, Andrej, 147 Korolev, S. L., 121 Kowalski, Wojciech, 167 Kubyshkin, Aleksandr, Koehn (Kohen-Pike), Jodi, Korostelina, Carina Kozhokin, Evgenii, 168 35, 63, 205, 227, 229 183, 187, 192, 237, Valentinovna, 63 Kozliakov, Viacheslav, Kuchar, Martha, 85 281, 285 Koroteyeva, Viktoria, 195, 63, 197 Kuchel, Roland, 146 Kohls, Winifred A., 84 261, 266 Kozlov, Vladimir, 197, Kucheriv, Ilko, 85, 214, Kohn, Martin,137, 251 Korotich, Vitalii, 254 198, 201 248 Kohut, Zenon E., 248 Korovin, Alexander, 285 Kozlova, G. I., 113 Kuchment, Mark, 142 Kokot’, Valeriy, 205 Korsunsky, Serhiy, 196 Kozora, Karen, 284 Kudriashova, Elena, 63 Kolankiewicz, George, Kortanek, Justin, 286 Kozyrenko, N. E., 121 Kudriavtseva, M. O., 114 151 Kortunov, Andrei, 111, Kpylenko, Aleksandr, Kudrova, Irma, 86 Kolb, Anthony, 227 221, 222, 223, 234 194 Kuebart, Friedrich, 143 Kolkowicz, Roman, 133, Korusenko, M. A., 115 Krakowski, Elie, 211 Kuehnast, Kathleen, 33, 241 Korzun, V. P., 119, 197, Kramer, John, 160 56, 195, 203, 204, Kollmann, Nancy Shields, 198 Kramer, Mark, 177, 193, 208, 209, 216, 217, 164 Korzun, Valentina, 119, 264 224, 237, 267, 268 Kollontai, Aleksandr, 256 197, 198 Kramer, Natalia, 283 Kukhianidze, Aleksandr, Kolodii, Antonina, 35, 68, Kosarikov, Aleksandr, 202 Krasikov, Anatoly, 35, 47, 86 205, 214, 215, 220, Koshelev, Viktor, 219 49, 199, 213, 218, Kukushkin, Yurii 230, 231 Kolt, George, 234, 277 228, 269 Stepanovich, 50 Kolomak, Evgenia, 84 Koroteyeva, Viktoria, 195, Krasnow, Wladislaw, 85 Kulak, Jessica, 57, 285 Kolomak, E. A., 117 261, 266 Krassinets, Evgenii, 63, Kulakowsky, Edward, Kolonitski, Boris I., 63 Kosheleva, Lidia, 177 218 178 Kolosova, V. B., 114 Koshmanova, Tetyana, Kraus, Michael, 85 Kuleshov, E. V., 121, 127 Kolovich, Lisa, 285 184 Krauze, Jan, 152 Kulik, Anatoly, 184, 191, Kolpachnikov, V. V., 124 Kostiashkova, I. V., 127 Kravtsova, Olga, 63 199 Kolsto, Pal, 85 Kostiuchenko, Vladimir, Krawchenko, Bohdan, 85 Kulikowski, Mark, 86 Komisarenko, Sergiy, 269 190 Krebs, Jennifer, 281 Kumanev, Viktor, 154 Komogortseva, Ludmila, Kostiukovskii, Y. V., 115 Krementsov, Nikolai Kun, Miklos, 86, 264 209 Kostiushev, Vladimir, 160 Leonidovich, 43, 63 Kuniaev, Stanislav, 255 Kon, Igor Semenovich, Kostomarov, V.G., 140 Kretz, Allan L, 136. Kuniholm, Bruce, 203, 85 Kostornichenko, Vladimir, Krige, John, 180 210 Konchakov, R. B., 127 63, 229 Kriger, Kimberly, 284 Kunimatsu, Natsuki, 157 Kondrachin, Viktor I., 85 Kosyrev, Andrei, 193 Krikorian, Robert, 85, Kunitz, Stanley , 136 Kondratenko, Alexander, Kotchikian, Asbed, 227 203, 281, 284, 285 Kuppe, Johannes, 144 85 Kotkin, Stephen, 85, 165, Kritsberg, Roman Kuprianova, Valentina, Konev, Yuri Mikhailovich, 197, 198, 221 Yakovlevich, 105 185 166 Kotlova, T. B., 115 Kriukov, Valerii, 262 Kurbatov, Serhiy, 200, Konitzer (Konitzer- Kotovich, Aleksei, 199 Krivonsov, Alexander, 85 204, 231 Smirnov), Andrew, 56, Kotz, Samuel, 85 Krivova, Natalia, 63, 85 Kurbatova, M. V., 117 286 Koudinova, Elena Krok-Paszkowska, Ania, Kurganov, A. V., 115 Konovalov, A. B., 114 Yurievna, 85 213, 215, 217, 223 Kurilla, Ivan, 35, 63, 86, Konstantinov, Gennady, Koulov, Boian, 203 Kropotov, Sergey, 222 191, 199, 200, 206, 300 199 Kourylev, Aleksandr, 85 Krotov, Pavel, 85 207, 218, 228

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER Kuryuzawa, Takeo, 158 Lane, David , 86, 133 Lazzerini, Edward , 86 Levine, Herbert S., 132, Kushkova, A. N., 127 Langdon, James C., 36, Lebedev, Gleb, 197 133, 137, 145, 146, Kushlis, Christopher, 285 217, 226 Lebedev, Sergei, 174 147, 155, 241, 256 Kushner, Howard I., 136, Lange, Keely, 210 Lebedeva, N. M., 124 LeVine, Steven, 87, 266 242 Lange, Peer H., 143 LeBlanc, Ronald D., 86 Levison, Joanna, 284 Kushnirsky, F.I., 244 Lanine, Boris, 63, 104, LeBras, Elizabeth, 286 Levitsky, Olga, 286 Kusin, Vladimir, 249 218, 229 LaCombe, Patrick, 283 Levitt, Marcus C., 87 Kuteinikov, A. E., 113 Lankina, Tomila, 43 Ledeneva, Tat’iana, 175 Levkievskaia, E. E., 121, Kutovenko, Natal’ia, 258 Lankov, Andrei, 86 Ledonne, John P., 44 128 Kutsenko, Olga, 201 Lannon, Gregory, 284 Lee, Gary, 108, 154, 255 Levner, Mikhail, 164 Kutuev, Pavlo, 192, 268 Lantry, Doug, 219 Lee, Rensselaer W. III, Levontina, I. B., 124 Kux, Dennis, 212 Lapides, Michael, 285 240, 247, 256 Levy, Evelyn, 202 Kux, Elsbeth, 170 Lapidoth, Aryi, 170 Lee, William T., 251 Levy, Marcia, 168 Kux, Ernst, 50, 108, 151, Lapidoth, Ruth, 170 Leffler, Melvyn, 193, 219 Lewin, Moshe, 33, 44, 170, 246, 252 Lapidus, Gail W., 33, 44, Legters, Lyman, 86 161, 240, 277 Kux, Sally, 86, 283, 284 86, 133, 140, 141, Legum, Colin, 144 Lewis, Cathleen S., 181 Kux, Stephan, 208, 213, 152, 161, 188, 189, Lahan, Amanda, 286 Lewis, Cynthia, 285 215, 217, 223, 233 240, 244 Lehmann, Susan Lewis, Paul, 158 Kuzibaeva, Gulnara, 63 Lapshina, I. K., 127 Goodrich, 87 Lewis, Peter, 189 Kuzmenko, Sergei, 203 Laptun, V. I., 127 Leich, Harold, 258 Lewis, Robert A., 44, Kuzmina, Raisa, 195 Laquian, Aprodicio, 202 Leiken, Robert, 150 132, 141 Kuzminskii, Anatolii Lardy, Nicholas, 155, Lekhtsier, V. L., 112 Lewis, Roger, 167 Iakovlevich, 166 156, 158, 159 Lekmanov, Oleg, 207 Leytes, Ilya, 286 Kuzin, Vladimir, 219 Larionov, Igor, 198 Lel’chuk, Vitalii S., 153 L’Heureux, Marie-Alice, Kuzio, Taras, 265, 269 Larionova, A. S., 114 Lemarchand, Rene, 188 86 Kuznetsov, Felix, 136 Larrabee, Stephen, 142 Lemercier-Quelquejay, Li, Huichuan, 108 Kuznetsov, Hon. Larsen, Pamela, 285 Chantal, 138, 243 Liapunova, Rosa, 136 Vladimir, 179 Lashkevich, Anatoly, 68 Lendel, Myroslava, 87, Liarskaia, E. V., 114 Kuznetsov, Igor Lashkova, Galina, 222 196 Libaridian, David, 135 Valerievich, 63 Latov, I. V., 116 Lenoe, Matthew, 177, Libaridian, Gerard J., Kuznetsova, A. E., 124 Latova, N. V., 116, 124 182 138, 210, 226, 241, Kuznetsova, Irina Latynski, Maya, 160 Lensen, George A., 87 243 Sergeevna, 166 Latypov, Rachit, 68 Leogrande, William, 142 Libbey, James K., 87 Kuznetsova, O. B., 115 Latysheva, S. A., 116 Leon, Eusebio Mujal, Liber, George O., 87 Kwesiga, Joy, 188 Laufer, Jochen, 193 251 Lichty, Lawrence, 155 Kyrpenko, Pavlo, 68 Launius, Roger, 219 Leonard, Carol S., 87 Liczek, Irina, 216 Lauren, Anthony, 286 Leont’ev, A. A., 116 Lidzar’, T. A., 113, 124 Laurent, Eric, 108 Leont’eva, E. O., 116 Lieberthal, Kenneth, 142 L Lavigne, Marie, 86, 145 Leontiev, Mikhail, 168 Liebich, Andre L., 56, Lavrynovych, Oleksandr, Leontovich, Olga. 206 87, 246 Ladd, Brian, 185 262 Lepekhin, Vladimir, 166 Liebowitz, Ronald D., Laenen, Ria, 86 Law, Alma H., 44, 245 Lepiavko, Serhiy, 230, 56, 141, 277 Lagutina, I. N., 112 Lawson, Adrienne, 285 231 Lieven, Dominic C.B., 87 Laird, Betty A., 135, 241 Lawson, C.W., 134 Lepisto, Eric, 227 Liexiong, Zhang, 146 Laird, Robbin F., 140 Lawson, Colin, 241 Lerman, Zvi, 44, 190 Ligachev, Egor Kuz’mich, Laird, Roy A., 86, 135, Lawson, Eugene K., 193, Lerner, Robin, 283 247, 257 241 230, 236, 277 LeRoy, Yolanda, 285 Light, Margot, 159, 233 Laitin, David, 188, 189 Lawton, Anna, 44, 86, Leshuk, Leonard, 224 Lih, Lars T., 56, 181 Lakiza-Sachuk, Natalia, 149, 246 Leslie, Jennifer, 284 Likhonosov, Viktor, 255 49 Layton, Susan, 86 Letteney, David, 285 Lilienfeld, Fairy von, 152 Laloy, Jean L., 108 Lazarenko, Vladimir Levada, Yuri, 172, 195, Limanskaia, K. A., 119 Lambeth, Benjamin, 151 Evgenievich, 63 211, 255 Limberg, Wayne P., 150, Lamie, Sue, 219 Lazareva, N. E., 128 Levin, Martin, 164 251 Lampe, John, 152, 154, Lazorenko, Olena, 200, Levin, S. N., 117 Lincoln, William Bruce, 158, 159, 160, 170 204, 205, 214, 220, Levin, Victor, 44 87 Lane, Christel, 86 221, 231 Levina, Galina, 1, 281 Lindemann, Sarah, 268 301

30 YEAR REPORT | INDEX Linden, Carl, 153 Longstreth, Richard, 167 Lyons, William, 284 Malaev-Babel, Andrei, Linden, Ronald, 56, 162, Lopato, Marina Lyssova, Aleksandra, 88 269 254 Nikolaevna, 87 Lystopad, Oleg, 186 Malakhov, Sergei, 173 Lindenmeyr, Adele, 56 Lord, Winston, 145 Malashenko, Aleksei, Linz, Susan J., 87, 277 Los, Maria, 56, 152, 246 223 Lipina, Viktoria Ivanovna, Lotchin, Roger, 219 M Malcolm, Neil, 156, 158 63 Lotspeich, Richard H., 56 Malick, George, Jr., 283 MacDonald, Julian, 144 Lipman, Jonathan, 169 Loussouarn, Caroline, Malinov, A. V., 112 Mace, James, 224 Lipovetsky, Mark, 87 285 Malinova, O. I., 117 MacEachin, Douglas J., Lippoldt, Douglas, 171 Louzonis, Timothy, 285 Malinova, Olga, 88, 199, 151 Lipson, Leon , 132, 137 Love, Catherine A., 281 206, 218 Macey, David, 153, 183, Lipton, David A., 108, Love, Cornelia Spencer, Malish, Anton F., 138 190 161 185 Mal’kevich, T. I., 114 MacFarlane, S. Neil, 88, Liska, George, 145 Lowe, David A., 151, Malkov, Victor, 149 150 Listikov, Sergei V., 150 246, 277 Malle, Silvana, 88, 277 Machado, John, 223 Listvinov, Iurii Lowenfeld, David, 142 Mally, Lynn, 88, 182 MacInnis, Ronald, 225 Nikolaevich, 108 Lowenthal, Richard, 134 Malovichko, S. I., 128 Maciuika, John, 167 Littell, Andrea, 284 Lozan, Angela, 64 Malynovska, Olena, 88, MacKenzie, David, 154 Litvin, Valentin, 139, Lubin, Nancy, 44, 140, 239 Mackintosh, Malcolm, 148, 243 155, 159, 161, 163, Malysheva, S. I., 116, 249 Litvinov, Vladimir, 207 195, 251, 256, 121 Mackow, Jerzy, 215, 217, Litwak, Robert S., 148, Lubrano, Linda, 44, 141, Mamedov, Mikail, 286 233 150, 151, 162, 170, 142, 277 Mamontova, M. A., 119 Macy, Francis, 186 246 Luciano, Andrea, 87 Manchester, Laurie, 56, Madison, Bernice, 33, Liubzhin, A. I., 128 Luck, Edward, 144 88 44, 133, 143, 240 Livshits, Aleksandr, 168 Ludlam, Janine, 284 Mandel, Ruth, 56, 88, Madison, Kara, 285 Lizunov, P. V., 128 Ludwig, Jonathan Z., 87 227 Maggs, Peter B., 156 Ljunggren, Anna, 87 Luers, William H., 134, Mandelbaum, Michael, Magnis, Irina, 285 Lloyd, John, 168 240 172 Magosci, Paul R., 88, Lobanova, A. S., 116 Lukerenko, Kyrylo 192 Mania, Andrzej, 88 152 Lobov, Gen. Vladimir, Lukes, Igor, 87, 108 Mann, Dawn, 152 Magomedov, Arbakhan 176 Lukic, Reneo, 88 Manning, Robert, 230 K., 88 Lobovikov, Vladimir, 229 Lukin, Alexander, 267 Manson, Craig, 219 Mahalek, Thomas, 239, Locker, Kenneth, 149 Lukin, Vladimir P., 162, Manty, Kiija, 287 284, 285, 287 Lodder, Christine, 139, 167, 193 Manz, Beatrice, 168 Maiboroda, Aleksandr, 244 Lukoianov, I. V., 119 March, Luke, 88 194 Loe, Mary Louise, 87 Lundestad, Geir, 193 Marchenko, Tat’iana, Maingot, Anthony, 144 Loeber, Dietrich Andre, Luong, Pauline Jones, 160, 172 Mainicheva, Anna, 88 44, 87, 152, 240 217 Marcus, David, 224 Majal-Leon, Eusebio, Loerke, Martha, 283 Luria, Yakov Marder, Stephen R., 88 251 Lofquist, William J., 163 Solomonovich, 44, Marer, Paul, 146 Major, Ivan, 88 Lofstedt, Torsten, 87 257 Mares, Petr, 170 Major, Mario, 286 Logachev, Konstantin, Lur’e, M. L., 121, 128 Marga, Andrei, 170 Majors, Randy, 37 158 Lur’e, S. V., 121, 124, Margolis, Aleksandr, 197 Makarchenko, M. A., Logan, J. Murray, 37, 128 Maris, William, 286 116 217, 277 Lurye, Lev, 197 Mark, Eduard, 193 Makarova, N. I., 121 Loginov A. V., 124 Luryi, Yuri, I. 88, Markasova, E. V., 119, Makarova, Raisa, 136 Loginova, Larisa, 35, 63, Lvov, Arkady, 44 128 Makarova, V. I., 116 190, 206, 207, 212, Lvov, Iurii, 162 Marker, Gary, 152 Makarychev, Andrei, 64, 218 Lyakhovsky, Aleksandr, Markov, Sergei, 267 104, 179, 182, 183, Logsdon, John, 180 211 Markov, Vladimir, 146 187, 192, 218, 219 Lohr, Eric, 227 Lylyk, Iryna, 200 Marmol, Sofia Makeev, Sergei, 194 Lomashvili, Zurab, 87 Lynch, Allen, 162 Hernandez, 155 Makhmudova, Lola, 64 London, Matthew, 285 Lynch, Dov, 223 Marples, David R., 252 Maksymenko, Serhiy, Long, John W., 87 Lyra, Paulo, 225 Marrese, Michael, 137, 202 302 Long, Renee, 281 Lyons, Shawn, 88 145, 161

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER Marsh, Christopher, 180, Maurice, Antoine, 170 Medresh, Eugene, 205 Mihaychuk, George, 190, 226 May, Ernest R., 132 Medzhybovska, Nataliya, 162, 257 Marsh, Rosalind J., 89 Mayerchak, Patrick M., 215, 221 Mikeshin, M. I., 112 Marshall, Edward, 286 283 Meehan, Francis, 143 Mikhailov, Oleg, 255 Marshall, Herbert, 50, Maynard, Michelle, 283 Meehan-Waters, Brenda, Mikhailova, Liudmilla, 89 148 Maynes, Charles, 145 44, 132, 246 Mikhailova T. V., 124 Martin, Benjamin, 133, Mazo, Margarita, 44 Mehnert, Klaus, 134, Mikhalev, Vladimir 240 Mazur, Paul, 283 240 Vladislavovich, 64, Martin, Betsy, 284 Mazzucelli, Collette, 284 Mehta, Jagat Singh, 244 259 Martin, Terry, 177 McAuley, Alastair N., 89 Meier, Andrew S., 44, Mikhailov, Anatoly, 49 Martin, Virginia, 284 McAuley, Mary, 89, 161 284 Mikhel’, D. V., 119 Marton, Endre, 155 McCannon, John, 89 Meisner, Maurice, 140 Mikheyev, Dmitry F., 89 Marton, Kati, 155 McCarthy, Sherri, 228 Meissner, Boris, 152 Mikhlin, Janet, 286 Martynau, Syarghei, 261 MccGwire, Michael, Mekhonoshin, K. A., 116 Mikoyan, Sergo, 45, 155, Martynenko, A. V., 128 151, 246 Melamed, Efim 170, 247, 156 Martynov, A.I., 242 McClarnand, Elaine, 89 Iosifovich, 89, 247 Milam, Scott, 185 Martynov, M. I., 114 McClelland, James C., Melancon, Michael, 89 Miles, Richard, 167, 277 Marynovych, Myroslav, 89, 139, 244 Meleshkina, E. I., 119 Miliaeva, L. G., 121, 124 220 McClennen, Edward, Melnikov, Dimitri, 213 Millar, James R., 33, 45, Masback, Craig, 268 176, 180, 262 Mel’nikov, Iurii 132, 138, 139, 155, Maslak, Anatolii, 229 McCluskie, Sean, 285 Evgenievich,105 159, 161, 172, 190, Maslennikov, Nikita McConnell, Nadia, 220 Melnyczuk, Natalie, 89 203, 237, 240, 243, Igorevich, 89 McCormick, Shawn, 230 Melton, Edgar H., 56, 256, 263, 277 Maslova, Tat’iana, 173 McCulloch, William, 259 Mendrala, Nancy, 285 Miller, Arthur, 211 Maslovskaia, T. I., 112 McDaniel, Timothy, 262 Menges, Constantine, Miller, Dinty ,180 Maslinskii, K. A., 114 McDonald, David 142, 145 Miller, Elisa, 89, 179 Massell, Gregory J., 44 MacLaren, 89, 153, Menning, Bruce, 132, Miller, James, 217 Massie, Suzanne, 194 181, 263 176, 181, 237 Miller, Jeffrey L., 230, Mastny, Vojtech, 143, McDonald, Jarom, 286 Menon, Rajan, 57, 150, 277 149, 193, 245 McDonald, Moira, 284 162, 213, 215, 223, Miller, Liesl L. Gambold, Matich, Olga, 44 McDougall, Walter A., 251, 254, 277 190 Matlock, Hon. Jack F., 180 Merezhko, Oleksandr, 68 Miller, Martin, 258 Jr., 33, 38, 145, 162, McDuffy, Wayne A., 283 Meritt, Will, 284 Miller, Hon. William 172, 193, 226, 233, McEvoy, Mary Beth, 218 Merriman, Jamie Green, 48, 49, 212, 251, 253, 260, 277 McFaul, Michael, 188 Merritt, Martha L., 57, 264, 268, 277 Matochkin, Yuri, 218 McGlinchey, Eric, 216 89, 265, 268, 277 Miller, Zack, 285 Matola, Michael 284, McInerny, Peggy, 281 Merson, Galina, 285 Millet, Richard, 144 285 McKalip, William, 285 Meshcheryakov, Valeriy, Milman, Nyusya, 182 Matossian, Mary, 135, McKenzie, Kermit, 89 204 Milner, Boris 138, 242 McKeon, Elizabeth, 222 Messhtyb, N. A., 114 Zakharovich, 89 Matsumoto, Shinko, 157 McLellan, Larry G., 281 Method, Frank, 163 Milovanov, I. E., 124 Matsuzato, Kimitaka, McMillan, Carl H., 145, Metzer, Jacob, 170 Milshtein, Vadim, 238 261 173 Metzler, John, 144 Minachin, Viktor Matthews, Mary, 203, McMillan, Joseph, 176 Meyer, Andre, 167 Vasilievich, 89 210, 215, 223, 248 McNaul, Keith, 284 Meyerhoff, Arthur, 137 Minakov, A. I.,128 Matthews, Mervyn, 133, McNeal, Robert, 89 Meznaric, Silva, 170 Minassian, Anahide Ter, 143, 240 McReynolds, Louise, 89, Miagkov, Mikhail, 64 138, 243 Mattocks, Peter, 286, 164 Micciche, Lino, 149 Mineeva, S. V., 128 287 McVey, Amy, 285 Michaels, Paula A., 181 Miniankou, Rhyor, 89 Matulionis, Arvydas, 160 McVickar, Carrie, 286 Michelson, Annette, Minuchehr, Pardis, 89 Matuszewski, Daniel C., Mdivani, Robert, 238 148, 269 Mirkasimov, Oktai, 174 139, 140, 172, 277 Meagher, Stephanie, Mickiewicz, Ellen, 33 Mironenko, Sergei Matveenko, Vladimir, 285 Micklin, Philip, 148 Vladimirovich, 90 198 Mearsheimer, John, 162 Midford, Paul, 284 Mironov, Boris, 45, 161, Matveeva, N. V., 119 Medish, Mark, 211, 283 Mieli, Renato, 133 184 Matvienko, I. G., 116 Medish, Vadim, 147 Migunov, Dasha, 286 Mironov, Oleg, 209 303

30 YEAR REPORT | INDEX Mironova, Natalia, 202 Moskovskii, Iurii, 173 Nakamura, Yoshikazu, Nichols, Tracy, 285 Mishankina, N. A., 121 Mote, Victor, 136, 137, 158 Nielsen, Niels, 285 Mishkin, Alexander, 284 278 Naletova, Inna, 226 Nikitin, Aleksandr, 47, Misiunas, Romuald J., Motsya, Oleksandr, 194 Nalle, David, 50, 140 202, 209, 209, 267 90, 251 Motyl, Alexander J., Namikas, Lise, 90 Nikitin, M. D., 119 Mistri, Maurizio, 166, 171 177, 208, 213, 215, Napol’skikh, V. V., 124 Nikitina, I. A.,116 Mitchell, Carl, 209 223, 233 Nanquan, Lu, 146 Nikolaev, Nikolai Mitchell, Kris, 220 Moukhariamov, Nail Narskii, I. V., 116 Ippolitovich, 91 Mitchell, Laurence, 144 Midkhatovich, 64 Nascimento, Paulo Nikolaev, Sergei, 160 Mitchneck, Beth, 33, Moullec, Gael, 177 Cesar, 155 Nikolashchenko, Boris, 161, 173, 182, 183, Mueller, Julie Kay, 57, Nathans, Benjamin, 181, 167 277 72, 176, 180 232, 284 Nikolayenko, Olena, 286 Mitev, Petar-Emil, 195 Mukhametshin, R. M., Naumov, Vladimir, 193 Nikolayevsky, Anna, 286 Mitoussova, Natalia, 205 121 Nauryzbaeva, Raushan, Nikolenko, Lidiia, 199, Mitrevski, Katerina, 285 Munishi, Gaspar, 189 203 213, 218 Mitrovich, Gregory, 90 Munting, Roger, 90, 170 Navailh, Francoise, 149 Nikonenko, S. V., 128 Mitsov, Father Georgii, Murashev, Arkadii, 167 Nazarova, I. B., 121 Nikonova, O. I., 116 167 Murashko, G., 193 Nechaev, V. D., 121 Nikovskaia, Larisa, 227 Mneimneh, Hassan, 284 Murphy, Curtis, 286 Nechemias, Carol, 90, Nilsen, Thomas, 186 Mochizuki, Kiichi,147 Murphy, David, 264 148, 204, 208, 209, Nishimura, Megumi, 91 Mochizuki, Tetsuo, 157 Murphy, Declan C., 281 237, 278 Nitze, Hon. Paul H., Moffett, Julie L., 283, Murphy, W. Patrick, Jr., Nedd, Andrew, 91 134, 257 284 57, 252 Nefliasheva, N. A., 119 Nitzov, Boyko, 203 Moisi, Dominique, 168 Murrell, Peter, 169 Neil, Cynthia, 286 Nizhnikov, S. A., 112 Mokhnacheva, Marina, Musaev, V. I., 116 Neizvestny, Ernst, 162 Nodia, Ghia, 57, 188, 197 Musaeva, V. I., 128 Nekrich, Aleksandr M., 257 Mollazade, Jeyhun, 258 Musil, Jiri, 185 91 Nogmanov, A. I.,121 Mollenaur, Douglas, 285 Musina, Rosalinda, 195 Nelson, Amy, 182 Nojumi, Neamatollah, Mommsen-Reindl, Mutnick, Jane, 170 Nelson, Daniel, 156, 212 Margareta, 90 Muzzi, Mary Frances, 158, 162 Nolan, Michael, 183 Monas, Sidney, 139 286 Nelson, Lynn, 259 Noonan, John T., Jr., Moncrief, Richard W., 36 Myers, Gregory A., 90 Nemchenko, Irina, 64 137 Monroe, Bill, 136 Myers, W. Kendall, 203 Nemirovskaya, Elena, Noonan, Thomas S., 246 Montgomery, David C., Myshinskii, A. L., 124 167, 213, 215, 217, Norlen, Doug, 209 90, 140 233 Norman, Catherine, 285 Montias, John M., 137, Nemyria, Hyrhoriy, 176 Norman, John, 91, 174 243 N Nenashev, M. A., 114 Norris, Jeremiah, 174 Morales, Nick, 90 Nepomnyashchy, Andrei, North, Douglass, 176, Naby, Eden, 169 Moran, Kim, 284 197 262 Nadler, Scott, 284 Moreton, Edwina, 156 Nepomnyashchy, Northrop, Douglas, 284 Nadolishnii, Petr, 171 Morgan, Ralph T., 284 Catharine, 33 Nosova, Olha, 64, 104, Naftali, Timothy J., 57, Moroney, Jennifer D.P., Nerler, Pavel, 207 184, 194, 200, 205, 179, 263 90, 196, 203 Neshchadin, Andrei, 221 Naganawa, Mitsuo, 158 Morozova, E. A., 128 190, 191 Nossenko, Elena, E. 91 Nagayo, Susumu, 158 Morozova, Elena, 64 Nesmiianova, O. V., 124 Nouailhat, Denise, 170 Nagornaia, O. S., 116 Morsberger, Grace, 283 Nestik, T. A., 124 Nouailhat, Yves-Henri, Nailor, Peter, 159 Morris, Bernard S., 90 Neuber, Alexander, 171 169 Naiman, Anatoly Morton, Henry W., 136, Neuberger, Egon, 134, Novak, Iryna, 214, 221, Genrikhovich, 45, 90 143, 242, 250 146, 241 231 Naimark, Norman, 90, Moser, Charles A., 45, Neuberger, Joan, 57, Nove, Alec, 148, 253, 193 147, 240 161 258 Nairne, Christine, 284 Moses, Daniel, 227 Neumann, Robert, 142 Novik, Volodymyr, 91, Naishul, Vitalii, 168 Moses, Joel C., 90 Neumark, Noralyn, 91 231 Najder, Zdzislaw, 151 Mosin, Aleksei, 197 Newberg, Paula, 196 Novikova, A. A., 112, Nakamura, Kennosuke, Moskoff, William, 160, Newell, Josh, 230 117 157 304 162 Newman, Monroe, 171 Novikova, Elena, 64

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER Novikova, Irina, 175 Oleinik, A. N., 116 Zeinullaevna, 64 142, 151, 156, 172, Novikova, Natalia, 64, Oleinikov, Dmitrii, 91, Ottoboni, Gina, 284, 237, 251 104 181 287 Parsamov, V. S., 119 Novitsky, Valery, 64 Olson, Julie, 285 Ottoway, David, 150 Parthe, Kathleen, 33, 57, Novosad, Olga, 219 Olson, Mancur, 176, Ouimet, Matthew J., 57 92, 246, 247, 259, Novozhenina, I. V., 116 262 Ousmanova, Almira, 92 278 Nozhenko, M. V., 112 O’Meara, Patrick, 91, Outekhine, Ilia, 185 Partridge, Ernest, 209 Nurgaliev, Ildus, 191 170 Ovcharenko, Aleksandr Pascoe, B. Lynn, 226 Nuriyev, Elkan, 91 Omel’chenko, Nikolai, Ivanovich, 51 Pascual, Carlos, 176, Nurnberg, Andrew, 164 206 Ovchinnikov, M. V., 128 263 Nyblom, Kare, 91 Omuka, Toshiharu, 158 Ovsiannikov, I. V., 116 Pashina, O. A., 116 Nygren, Bertil, 91 Ondrejcekova, Julia, Owen, Thomas, 92 Pashkov, Aleksandr, 197 Nzomo, Maria, 188 286 Ozheredov, I. I., 116 Pashkov, Mikhail O’Neil, Hilary, 284 Ozornoy, Gennady, 173 Nikolaevich, 10 O’Neill, George D., 38, Pasko, Grigorii, 47 O 278 Pas’ko, O. N., 124 O’Neill, Nancy, 285 Pastusiak, Longin, 170 O’Bell, Leslie, 147 P Onesti, Sally J., 57 Pasysnychenko, Viktor, Obley, Sharon, 283 Paces, Cynthia, 185 Onkhotoev, Andrei, 199 64, 104, 183, 200, O’Brien, David, 183 Pachcinski, Martin, 286 Onypchenko, Olena, 214 O’Brien, Dennis, 203 Pachenkov, O. V., 121 200 Pateev, Murad, 281 O’Brien, Joseph, 284 Pacuska, Alison, 285 Oparina, T. A., 128 Patenaude, Bertrand M., O’Brien, Lauren, 284 Paczolay, Peter, 170 Orechova, Svetlana, 179 57, 92, 247, 256 Obukhov, Leonid, 220 Padunov, Vladimir, 92, Orekh, E. A., 119 Patico, Jennifer, 92 Ochmanek, David A., 152, 162, 253 Oritz, Edgar, 37 Patsiorkovsky, Valery, 151, 246 Pagava, Irakli, 153 Orlov, Yuri, 187 190, 212 Ochs, Michael, 91 Pak, Bella, 68, 97 Orlova, G. A., 119, 121 Patterson, Karl David, 92 O’Connell, Lauren, 189 Palievskij, Petr V., 147 Orlovsky, Daniel, 33, Paul, Avanti Alexandra, Odintsov, Nikolai, 175 Palmer, Elyssa, 287 132, 139, 153, 154, 285 Odom, William E., 134, Palmer, R. Mark, 144 161, 162, 237, 243 Paulson, Bobbi, 286 152, 172, 181, 245, Palmer, Sabrina (Joan), Orr, Gregory John, 183 Paunio, Tuija, 239, 284, 247, 250, 278 281 Orttung, Robert, 91, 285 O’Donnell, Anna, 286 Palmer, Scott W., 92 161, 222, 230, 263, Pautova, L. A., 121 Ofer, Gur, 50, 137 Panehal, Alexandria, 225 267 Pavlenko, Rostyslav, 269 Offe, Claus, 168 Paneiakh E. L., 128 Osakwe, Christopher, 91 Pavliuk, Liudmyla, 201, Ogarkov, Aleksandr, 106 Panek, Suzanne, 284 Osgood, Kenneth A., 205, 220, 231 Ogawa, Kazuo, 147 Paniotto, Vladimir, 195 180 Pavliuk, Oleksandr, 33, O’Hearn, Dennis, 243 Pankevych, Ivan, 214 Osgood, Robert, 147, 35, 64, 177, 183, 213, Ohr, Nellie Hauke, 91, Pankhurst, Jerry G., 92 150, 159 215, 217, 233, 248, 180 Panos, Caterina, 285 Osika, I. L., 116 266 Okabe, Tatsumi,156, Pantsov, Aleksandr Osinov, Valery Pavljuk, Stepan, 192 158, 159 Vadimovich, 92 Georgievich, 91 Pavlov, Ivan, 48 Okasheva, N. E., 124 Pantina, L. A., 124 Osnos, Peter, 133 Pavlova, Elena, 92 Okhotnikov, O. V., 124 Paparela, Ivo, 92 Osokina, Elena Pavlovskaia, E., 247 Okol’nishnikova, I. I., Papenkort, Bernd, 168 Aleksandrovna, 64 Pavlovsky, Gleb, 166, 128 Paperno, Irina, 92 Osipov, Aleksandr, 47, 257 Okudzhava, Bulat, 51 Paperny, Vladimir, 51 187, 286 Paxson, Margaret, 57, Okun’, Aleksandr, 229 Papkov, Irina, 226, 286 Osipov, Mikhail, 286 92, 183, 190, 215, Olcott, Martha Brill, 91, Papp, Daniel S., 92, 150 Ostapenko, Lubov, 195 220, 226, 227, 231, 161, 196, 257 Park, Andrus, 45, 154, Ostenso, Ned, 144 266, 281 Oldani, Robert W., 91 156, 161, 256 Ostermann, Christian, Payin, Emil Abramovich, Oldberg, Ingmar, 91 Park, Jeong Min, 284 186, 201 48, 108, 160, 170, Oldenburg, Fred, 152 Park, Lynda Yoon-Sun, Ostrovsky, Grigory, 92 178, 190, 192, 194, O’Lear, Shannon, 210 92 Ostrowski, Donald, 152 198, 200, 212, 218, O’Leary, Sheila, 283, Parker, John W., 49, 278 Ostrowski, Krzysztof, 160 229, 258, 266 284 Parrott, Bruce B., 45, Otarbaeva, Bakhytnur Payne, Matt, 177 305

30 YEAR REPORT | INDEX Pearl, Deborah L., 92 Petrova, Irina, 281 Pobeda, Nelli, 221 203, 204, 210 , 215, Pechatnov, Vladimir O., Petrova, Liudmila, 230 Poberezhnikov, I. V.,129 220, 237, 239, 281 45, 149, 162, 193 Petrovich, Olga, 284 Podlesny, Pavel T., 149 Pordzik, Carlos A., 155 Pelenski, Jaroslaw, 152 Petrusewicz, Mary, 57 Poe, Marshall T., 57 Poritzky, David, 180 Pelipas, Mikhail, 213 Petukhov, V. B., 124 Poelzer, Greg, 173 Porokhova, Irene, 285 Pell, Claiborne, 144 Philleo, Robert E., 136, Pohl, J. Otto, 227 Porshneva, O. S., 129 Pendzich, Barbara, 284 242 Pokrovskii, Nikita, 228 Porter, Gareth, 150 Pen’kovskaia, U. A., 128 Phillips, Hugh D., 93, Polansky, Patricia, 93 Porter, Lane, 225 Penn, Vicki M., 281 247, 248 Poletaev, D. V., 122 Portes, Richard, 134, Penner, D’Ann R., 57, Phillips, Laura L., 57 Poleva, I. V., 119 145, 241 248 Phipps, John, 158, 284 Polevoi, B.P., 242 Pospielovsky, Dimitry, Percell, Susan, 144 Picarda, Guy, 152 Poliakov, Yuri A., 150 93, 134, 152 Pereira, Norman G.O., Pickering, Thomas R., Polishchuk, Leonid, 260 Post, Dianne, 204, 208, 92 36, 226 Pollak, Nancy, 207 210, 239 Perekhval’skaia, E. V., Pickersgill, Joyce, 137, Pollock, Sean, 203 Post, Robert, 200, 278 114 243 Poloznev, D. F., 129 Potekhin, Aleksandr Perkowski, Jan L., 92, Pierce, Richard A., 136, Polukhina, Anna, 228 Vladimirovich, 65 144 242 Polunov, Aleksandr, 65, Potolov, Sergei, I. 93 Perlina, Nina ,45, 246 Pike, Douglas, 142, 245 206, 212 Potter, William C., 132, Perovic, Jeronim, 93 Pilipenko, Viktor, 207 Polyak, Mark, 286 240 Perrolle, Pierre, 144 Pimenov, Aleksei Pomar, Mark G., 51, Potts, Christine, 281 Persak, Krzysztof, 193 Vladimirovich, 65 203, 210, 216, 259 Poulsen, Thomas M., Person, James, 286 Pingling, Chen, 146 Pomeranz, Lenina, 155 136, 242 Persson, Gudrun, 181 Pinsky, Anatoly, 286 Pomeranz, William E., Povarnitsyn, Boris, 65 Pervova, Irina, 64 Pintner, Walter M., 45, 93, 238, 278, 281 Powell, Colin L., 2, 5, Peshaev, Hafiz, 258 132, 240 Pomorski, Stanislaw, 226, 269 Peshperova, I. I., 112 Pinto, Diana, 168 137, 243 Powell, David, 154, 159, Petersen, Philip, 246 Pinto-Duschinsky, Pomper, Philip, 45, 278 160 Petersen, Phillip M., 151 Michael, 170 Pond, Elizabeth, 33 Powers, Francis Gary, Jr., Peterson, Demosthenes Pinto-Duschinsky, Poneman, Daniel B., 36, 219 (D.J.), 173, 186, 202, Shelley, 170 230 Pozefsky, Peter C., 51 263 Pipes, Daniel, 142 Ponichtera, Robert, 185, Poznanski, Kazimierz, 93 Peterson, Dale E., 151, Pipes, Richard, 9, 145, 186 Pozdniak T. Z., 114 247 255, 256 Ponomarenko, Sergei, Pozniakov, Vladimir Peterson, Dean, 179 Pipko, Simona, 93 186 Vladimirovich, 108 Peterson, Karen, 174 Pirjevec, Joze, 93, 170 Ponomarev, Evgeni, 93 Pravda, Alex, 34, 93, Peterson, Ronald E., 93 Pishcheva, T. N., 119 Ponomarev, Valerii, 154 133, 233, 240, 257 Pethybridge, Roger, 93 Pishchikova, Kateryna, Pons, Silvio, 177, 178, Pravikova, Ludmila, 212 Petrakov, Nikolai, 211 93 193 Pravilova, Ekaterina, 68 Petras, Stephanie, 285 Pitschmann, Louis A., Poole, Randall A., 57, Preobrazhenskii, A.A., Petric, Vlada, 149 283 93, 247 242 Petro, Nicolai, 93, 180, Plagakis, Sofia, 287 Popkin, Cathy, 57, 162, Preobrazhenskii, Boris, 182, 183, 187, 192, Plakans, Andrejs, 108 278 186 255 Plamper, Jan, 177 Popkov, Vasyl, 200 Pretty, David, 93 Petrone, Karen, 182 Platt, Kevin M.F., 93 Popkova, Liudmila, 65, Priamikova, E. V., 119, Petrossian, Armen, 64 Plavsic, Borivoj, 132 178, 184, 204, 208, 122 Petrov, A. E., 116, 128 Pleshkov, Viktor, 65 210, 227, 228 Pril’, L. N., 129 Petrov, A. V., 122 Pliguzov, Andrei Popov, Aleksandr, 190 Principi, Monique, 281 Petrov, E. V., 122 Ivanovich, 65 Popov, Sergei Ivanovich, Prizel, Ilya, 162, 176, Petrov, Aleksandr, 65, Pliushchev, Viktor, 238 166 252 213, 228 Plokhii, Serhii, 93 Popov, Vladimir, 189, Proctor, Joe, 284, 285 Petrov, Yuri, 174, 236 Ploss, Sidney I., 143, 263 Prodromou, Elizabeth, Petrov, Nikolai 152, 245, 253 Popovsky, Mark, 45 226 Vladimirovich, 65 Plowiec, Urszula, 146 Popson, Nancy, 110, Prokopenko, Aleksandr, Petrov, Vladimir, 249, Pluzenskaya, Marina, 182, 183, 184, 187, 200 306 255 175 190, 192, 195, 200, Prokop’ev, V. N., 116

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER Proskuriakov, M. R., 129 Ramet, Pedro, 57, 94, Remnev, A. V., 119, 129 Rittersporn, Gabor Proskurina, Vera, 93 246, 250, 252 Remy, Andrew, 284, 285 Tamas, 51, 95 Pruner, Ludmilla, 174 Ramsey, Robert R., 136, Reno, Angela, 281 Rivkin-Fish, Michele, 51, Prussak, Mikhail 242 Reno, William, 188 95 Mikhailovich, 263, 267 Ramundo, Bernard, 144 Reshetar, John, 152 Roberts, Brad, 165 Prybytkova, Iryna, 200 Rand, Andrew, 284 Reshetova, Natalia, 94, Roberts, Claudia, 281 Pshichkov, Igor, 247 Rand, Robert, 57, 94, 229 Roberts, Cynthia, 151 Pucciarelli, Albert J., 93 254, 278 Resnick, Emily, 287 Roberts, Geoffrey, 95 Pugacheva, M. G., 129 Randall, Linda M., 34, Rethmann, Petra, 94 Roberts, Jeanine, 284 Pugliesi, Michael, 146 58, 247, 265 Retish, Aaron, 94 Roberts, Walter R., 250 Puliaevskaia, L. V., 119 Ransel, David L., 45, 94, Rewakowicz, Maria, 58 Robertson, Lawrence, Puschel, Karen L., 150 182, 247 Reynolds, Andrew, 207 95, 180, 182, 183, Pusey, Cynthia, 285 Rapawy, Stephen, 143 Reynolds, David, 193 187, 192 Pustovoit, P.G., 151 Rapoport, Alek, 133 Reynolds, Michael, 210, Robarts, Andrew, 227 Putnam, George F., 93 Raputov, Leonid, 167 215, 223, 248 Robinson, Harlow, 95 Putnam, Robert, 168 Rarog, Yuriy, 214 Rezanova, Z. I., 122, 129 Robinson, Thomas W., Pyle, Emily, 94 Rasizade, Alec, 94 Rhinelander, L. 246 Pyle, Molly, 281 Rassweiler, Anne, 94, Hamilton, 138, 242 Robison, David, 284 Pyle, William, 284 278 Rhode, Harold, 223 Rockefeller, David, 193, Pylynskyi, Yaroslav, 1, Ratanova, Maria, 94 Riabchouk, Mykola, 65, 278 239, 281 Raun, Toivo, 161 260 Rodeback, Jon, 285 Pylyshenko, Orysia, 284 Raup, Philip, 148, 278 Riabov, O. V., 129 Rodgers, William Pierce, Pyshchulina, Olha, 221 Raynes, Evan A., 239, Riabov, Oleg, 228 193 245, 281 Riabov, Serhiy, 200, 205, Rodionov, Mikhail Rayport, Jennifer, 162 214, 221 Anatolievich, 65, 178 Q Razeev, D. N., 112 Riasanovsky, Nicholas V., Rodman, Peter W., 194 Razlogov, Kirill, 165 34, 45, 153, 278 Rodnov, M. I., 124 Qualls, Karl D., 94 Razumovskii, Feliks, 167 Riazantsev, S.V., 117 Rodnyansky, Oleksandr, Reagan, Ronald, 144 Rice, Condoleezza, 145, 264 Reardon-Anderson, 252, 266 Rodzianko, Raul, 36, 230 R James, 168 Rice, Heather, 286 Roemer, John, 162 Raack, Richard C., 94 Rechytskiy, Vesevolod, Rich, David A., 58, 181 Rogacheva, E. I., 129 Rabinowitch, Alexander, 220 Rich, Elisabeth T., 94 Rogers, John M., 95 34, 182 Reddaway, Peter, 10, 20, Richards, Francis, 167 Rogers, Stephen Rabkin, Yakov M., 94 21, 31, 45, 141, 147, Richards, Michael, 175 Rogger, Hans ,34, 51, Radyshevskii, Dmitrii, 149, 150, 152, 153, Richardson, Robert, 94 253, 278 257 161, 193, 211, 245, Richardson, Thomas, Roginskaia, O. O., 116 Raeff, Marc, 259 251, 252, 254, 266, 162 Roginsky, Arsenii, 197 Raevsky-Hughes, Olga, 278, 280 Richardson, William, 94 Rogov, Sergei, 193 236 Redjeb, Jordania, 153 Richmond, Yale, 239, Rogovaia, Larissa, 177 Ragsdale, Hugh, 94, Redlich, Shimon, 94 278 Ro’i, Yaacov, 95, 153 154, 237, 261, 264, Reeke, Stephanie, 285 Rieber, Alfred J., 45, Rolin, A. N., 113 278 Reese, Roger R., 94 153, 154, 161, 278 Rollberg, Peter, 162, Rahim, Enayetur, 283 Reich, Walter, 45 Ries, Nancy, 221 247, 258 Rahr, Alexander, 177, Reichelt, Kurt, 284 Rigby, T. Harry, 45, 51, Rolleston, Moreton, 284 213, 215, 223, 233, Reichert, Thomas, 283 94, 244, 278 Romanenko, I. M., 129 248, 256, 259 Reiquam, Steven W., Righter, Kimberley, 285, Romaniecki, Leon, 95 Raiklin, Benjamin, 286 278, 281 286, 287 Romanova, Viktoria, 185 Rainer, Janos, 193 Reischauer, Edwin O., Rimashevskaya, Natalia Romashov, Aleksandr, Rakachev, V. N., 129 164 M., 94 227 Rakowska-Harmstone, Reisinger, William, 247 Rimer, J. Thomas, 157, Romero, Carlos A., 155 Teresa, 143, 161 Reisman, Edward, 152 164, 165, 237, 256 Roosa, Ruth A., 135, Raleigh, Donald J., 182 Remington, Robin Rimmel, Leslie, 178 241 Ram, Melanie, 203 Alison, 143, 144 Riste, Olav, 170 Roosevelt, Priscilla R., 58 Ramer, Samuel C., 45, Remington, Thomas, 94, Ritchie, Christine, 285 Roper, Steven, 203 136 158, 161, 254, 278 Ritchie, Donald A., 219 Rorlich, Azade Ayse, 140 307

30 YEAR REPORT | INDEX Rosa, Todd, 211 155, 156, 158, 159, Sartorius, Jennifer, 285 Rose, Richard, 180, 183 160, 161, 162, 163, S Sarty, Leigh, 96 Rose, Roberta, 283, 283 165, 165, 166, 167, Sablina, S. G., 129 Sarwari, Atiq, 1, 205, Rose-Ackerman, Susan, 168, 170, 172, 181, Sabol, Steven, 95 212, 217, 282 137, 243 190, 193, 194, 198, Sabonis-Chafe, Theresa, Satarov, Georgy, 166, Roseberry, Rachel, 286 200, 202, 204, 208, 96 168 Rosefielde, Steven, 134, 209, 210, 211, 212, Sacks, Michael P., 141 Sato, Seizaburo, 155, 241 213, 214, 215, 218, Sadovskaia, O. N., 129 156, 156, 158, 158, Rosen, Seymour, 143 222, 224, 225, 227, Safanov, Ernst, 255 158, 158, 159, 237 Rosenberg, William G., 230, 233, 234, 236, Safronenko, Olga, 35, Satter, David, 96, 264 138, 139, 176, 180 238, 239, 240, 242, 191, 199, 206, 206, Saul, Norman E., 96 Rosenblum, Daniel, 262 248, 278, 280, 281 262 Savicheva, Natalia, 184 Rosenfeld, Alla, 217 Rud’, N. P., 116 Sagdeev, Roald, 181 Savoia, Lee Anne, 284 Rosenfeld, Stephen, 134 Rudelson, Justin, 169 Sagitova, Lilia, 195 Savranskaya, Svetlana, Rosenthal, Bernice, 152 Rudiak, Ilya, 141 Saidbaev, Talib, 223 211 Rosenthal, Charlotte, 95 Rudy, Stephen, 146 Sakai, Testyua, 164 Savva, E. V., 124 Roshchin, Mikhail, 225 Ruffin, M. Holt, 95 Sakharov, Andrei, 187, Savva, M.V., (Mikhail Rosina, Zena, 284, 284 Rukkas, Andriy, 65 254, 267 Valentinovich), 124, Ross, Cameron, 95 Rumer, Boris, 169 Salak, Michael, 286 166 Rossiyanov, Kirill, 95, Rumiantseva, M. F., 112, Salikov, Marat, 179 Scammell, Michael, 45 232 129 Salisbury, Harrison E., Scanlan, James P., 45, Rossman, Jeffrey, 177 Rummel, Ingelore, 170 132, 133, 134, 136 96, 244, 278 Rostropovich, Mstislav, Rummel, Reinhardt, 170 Salmin, Aleksei, 168, Scannell, Sarah, 286 258 Rupp, Kalman, 137, 243 168 Scartezzini, Riccardo, Roszkowski, Wojciech, Rusan, Romulus, 220 Sal’nikova, A. A., 116, 166 170 Russack, Michael, 285 122 Schaefer, Bernd, 219 Roth, William M,. 38, Russell, David, 285, Salomon, Richard, 38, Schaffer, Paul, 135 278, 177 285, 287 278 Schaffer, Peter L., 36 Rothchild, Donald, 189 Russell, George, 234 Salvo, David, 286 Schaffner, Bradley, 96 Rothe, Linda O’Brien, 95 Rustemova, Assel, 286 Salzmann, Michael, 284 Schatzberg, Michael, Rotnem, Thomas E., 95 Rustic, Natalie, 285 Samozvanova, Nataliya, 188 Rougle, William, 58, Rutherford, Andrea C., 1, 281 Schecter, Jerrold, 211, 278 278, 284, 281 Samsonova, Tat’iana, 65, 212 Rouland, Michael, 216 Rutkevich, Elena 184 175, 179, 184, 190, Scheibert, Peter, 51 Rowan, Bonnie G., 283 Rutland, Peter, 162, 189, 199, 206, 206, 218 Scheid, Fernande, 193 Rowland, Richard H., 247, 261, 263 Samuelson, Lennart, 96 Schemm, Joanna, 285, 95, 141 Rutledge, Amy J., 283 Sanamyan, Emil, 286 285 Rowney, Don, 173, 176, Rutman, Marc, 285 Sander, Aaron, 287 Schenker, Alexander M., 180, 183, 262 Rutstien, Alla, 284 Sanders, Emily, 285, 96 Rowny, Edward L., 108, Ruttan, Vernon, 148, 148 286 Scherrer, Jutta, 45, 96, 142 Ryabikina, Zinaida, 179 Sanders, Ivan, 155 139, 223 Roytburd, Alexander, Ryan, Caitlin, 287 Sanders, J. Thomas, 96 Scherstjanoi, Elke, 193 207 Ryan, Matthew, 284 Sandler, Stephanie, 147 Schlesinger, James, 211 Rozin, J., 247 Rybakova, Vera, 175 Sainakov, N. A., 116 Schieber, George, 174 Rozina, Irina, 191 Rybalchenko, Ihor, 214 Sanjian, Andrea, 160 Schifter, Hon. Richard, Rozman, Gilbert, 108, Rybas, Sviatoslav, 255 Sanukov, Xenophont, 256 156, 158, 165, 230, Rychkova, Lyudmila, 95 65, 190 Schill, Joseph, 285 256 Rykun, Artem, 222 Sapir, Jaques, 223 Schimmelpenninck van Rozov, N. S., 122 Rymarenko, Serhiy, 68, Saprokhina, G. I., 129 der Oye, David, 96, Ruban, Larisa, 65, 198 205, 205, 214, 220 Sarafian, Winston, 136, 181 Rubins, Maria, 95 Rywkin, Michael, 136, 242 Schlesinger, Arthur M., Rubinstein, Alvin, 142 140, 242 Saray, Mehmen, 140 Jr., 149 Ruble, Blair A., 1, 13, 22, Ryzhenko, Valentina, Sarkisov, Konstantin, 165 Schlott, Wolfgang, 152 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 197, 198 Sarnov, Benedikt Schmid, Sonja, 232 28, 29, 30, 31, 34, Ryzhova, N. P., 114 Mikhailovich, 96 Schmidt, Albert, 135 308 110, 111, 133, 154, Saroyan, Mark, 161 Schmidt, Matthew, 277

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER Schmidt, Paul, 146 Senn, Alfred E., 96, 247 Shanin, Teodor, 46 Shevchenko, I. D., 122 Schoeberlein, John, 216, Senokosov, Yuri, 213, Shank, Eric Shevel, Oxana, 210, 216, 216, 217 215, 217, 233 Shapiro, Ellen, 284 215, 225 Schoppe, Siegfried, 96 Senyk, Yaroslav, 68 Shapiro, Gavriel, 97 Shevtsova, Lilia, 173, Schrader, Abby M., 96 Seppain, Helene, 96 Shapiro, Henry, 132 189, 208, 213, 215, Schraub, Shannon, 284 Serafimovich, Rostyslav, Shapiro, Nina, 207 217, 233, 260 Schroeder, Debra Kay, 283 Shapiro, Sandra, 284 Shichang, Lin, 146 284 Serbin, Andres, 155 Shapoval, Yuri, 224 Shields, Sara, 286 Schroeder, Gertrude E., Serbinenko, Vyacheslav, Shapovalenko, Maryna, Shil’nikova, I. V., 122 135, 143, 241, 243 175, 178 204, 231, 221, 220 Shilov, N. V., 129 Schucker, Rachel, 284 Serebryanni, Leonid, 178 Sharlet, Robert, 137, Shimamura, Shiro, 147 Schuler, Nina, 225 Sereda, Nadezhda, 197 161, 259, 278 Shimotomai, Nobuo, 51, Schwartz, Eric J., 163 Sergunin, A. A., 112 Sharov, S. A., 124 97, 165 Schwartz, Evgeny, 202 Serman, Ilya, 46, 244 Sharp, Jane, 34, 189 Shindo, Eiichi, 97 Schwartz, Herman, 259 Seroka, James H., 244, Shatalin, Stanislav, 255 Shingleton, William, Schwartz, Jill, 286, 286 140 Shatilov, A. B., 122 286, 286 Schwartz, Lee, 141 Sessions, Benjamin, 285, Shatrov, Mikhail Shipler, David K., 250 Schwartz, Morton, 51, 285 Filippovich, 51 Shipovalova, L. V., 112 162 Sestanovich, Stephen, Shatskikh, Aleksandra, Shiraev, Eric, 195 Schwarz, Annemie, 171 150, 162, 256 189 Shirazi, Habibollah Schwarz, Hans-Peter, Seton-Watson, Hugh, 51 Shaw, Denis J.B., 51 Abolhassan, 97 171 Settle, Cherie, 283, 283 Shaw, Michael E., 282 Shishkin, Sergei, 198, Schweitzer, Glenn, 264 Sevastianova, Alla Shaw, Ronald, 135 260 Scott, Erik, 227 Aleksandrovna, 66 Shcheblanova, V. V., 119 Shishkin, Viktor, 262 Scoville, Herbert, Jr., Sevela, Maria, 96 Shchennikova, L. V., 117 Shishkin, Vladimir 240, 132 Severin, Barbara, 139, Shchenkov, Aleksei, 167 Ivanovich, 97, 197, Scvortsova, Alla, 105 148, 278 Shcherbak, A. N., 117 198 Seaver, Shelly, 282 Sevich, George, 283, Shcherbina, Vladimir R., Shiveley, Jade, 285 Seckler, Dawn, 286 283 147 Shiverskikh, Margarita, Seddon, Joanna, 96 Sezer, Sibel, 203 Shcherbinin P. P., 129 199 Sedik, David J., 58 Shabad, Theodore, 132, Sheahen, Laura, 285 Shkarovskii, M. V., 129 Sedov, P.V., 129 134, 136, 137, 138, Shearer, David R., 177 Shlapentokh, Vladimir, Seegel, Steven, 225 140 Sheehy, Ann, 152 136, 160, 172, 172, Segal, David, 136, 242 Shabanov, Viktor, 96 Shelekasova, N. P., 119 195, 195, 278 Segal, Gerald, 156, 156, Shabaev, I. P., 116, 122 Shelley, Louise, 58, 160, Shlenov, Iurii, 111 156, 156, 159, 237 Shadrina, Iulia Ivanova, 255, 256, 258, 262, Shlepakov, Arnold N., Seifeldt, Susanne, 284 105 278 149 Sekatskii, Aleksandr, 185 Shaffer, Stephen, 142 Shelton, Sally, 145 Shlykova, Ol’ga, 229 Seleznev, A. G., 114, Shagalova, E. N., 116 Shenderov, Oleg, 198 Shmelev, A. D., 124 122 Shambroom, Paul, 219 Shengelaia, Eldar, 153 Shmelev, Anatol, 58, Selezneva, I. A., 114, Shahmuratian, Samvel, Shenine, Sergei, 66 264 122 256 Shepetukha, Yuriy, 66, Shmidt, Sigurd, 197, 197 Self, Benjamin, 169 Shahrani, Nazif M., 46, 231 Shnirel’man, Viktor, 108, Sella, Amnon, 51 140, 217 Shepherd, Theresa, 286 175, 178, 178, 185, Semakov, Sergei Shakeri, Khosrow, 58, 97 Sher, Gerson, 222, 233, 213, 237 Nikolaevich, 166 Shakh, M. I., 113 234 Shoap, Bryan, 284 Semenova, Galina, 255 Shalina, I. A., 117 Sheridan, Patricia, 282 Shorish, Mobin, 140 Semenova, Iulia, 213 Shambezoda, Khusrav Sherlock, Thomas, 97 Shostko, Olena, 184 Semenova, Svetlana Djamshedovich, 66, Sherman, Karen, 265, Shoup, Paul, 140, 244 Grigorievna, 96 262 284, 284 Showalter, Dennis, 181 Semenova, T. O., 124 Shamota, Vera Shershnev, Evgenii Shpotov, Boris, 229 Sen, Shinjinee, 285 Aleksandrovna, 105, Sergeevich, 108, 171 Shrayer, Maxim, D. 97 Senick-Goldstein, 178 Shevardnadze, Shrum, Scott, 286 Jennifer, 96 Shamshurov, Valerii Vakhtang, 97 Shternshis, Anna, 97 Senkevitch, Anatole, Jr., Nikiforovich, 166, 166 Shevchenko, Arkady, Shtraks, Gregory 136, 242 Shane, Alex M,. 144 139, 152 Shtykov, Nikolai, 199 309

30 YEAR REPORT | INDEX Shtyrkov, S. A., 117, 124 Simon, Sue, 161 Smirnova, T. B., 125 Solnick, Steven L., 58, Shubkin, Vladimir, 172 Simons, Hon. Thomas Smirnova, V. V., 122 182, 183, 190, 192, Shugurov, M. V., 125 W., Jr., 32, 34, 251 Smith, Aaron, 284 265 Shukurov, Rustem, 224 Simpson, J.A., 180 Smith, Amy, 282 Solodiankina, O. I., 129 Shukurov, Sharif, 225 Singelton, Seth, 98 Smith, Christopher, 286 Sologubov, A. M., 122 Shull, Carol D., 219 Sinnott, Peter, 227, 269 Smith, Douglas C., 98, Solomadin, Igor, 184, Shulman, Marshall D., 9, Sinor, Denis, 141 264 200, 205, 220 38, 132, 132, 201 Sinyavsky, Andrei, 43, Smith, Eric H., 163 Solomeshch, I. M., 129 Shultz, George P., 2, 141, 255 Smith, Gordon B., 98, Solomon, Peter, 161, 193, 226 Sirotin, Alexander, 285 245, 257, 278 173 Shumaker, David H., 97 Sirotkin, Sergei Smith, Hedrick, 154 Solomon, Susan Gross, Shumaker, Robert, 144 Vasil’evich, 160 Smith, James Allen, 165, 34 Shumilova, E. A., 125 Sirotkin, Vladlen, 154 165, 247 Solonari, Vladimir, 49, Shunenych, Bohdan, 205 Sithole, Masipula, 189 Smith, Jenny Leigh, 98 160 Shur, Leonid, 97 Sitran, Gino, 98 Smith, Julia, 282, 285 Soloukhin, Vladimir Shushkevich, Stanislav, Sivaramakrishnan, K.C., Smith, Kathleen, 262, Alekseevich, 51, 136 49 202 264, 284 Solov’eva, A. N., 117 Shuster, Tanya, 179 Sivertseva, Tamara, 98 Smith, Marcia, 180 Solov’eva, Z. R., 122 Shuvaeva, V. V., 129 Sizintseva, Larisa, 197 Smith, Michael, 174 Soltes, Ori Z., 155 Shuverova, Tatiana, 66 Sizonenko, Aleksandr, Smith, Robert, 181 Solywoda, Stephanie, Shvidkovsky, Dmitry, 97 155 Smith, Susannah L., 182 286 Sibley, Katherine A.S., 97 Skaggs, Philip Curtis, 98 Smith, Wayne, 155 Sonevytsky, Maria, 286, Siddiqi, Asif A., 180, 232 Skillman, John, 144 Smith, William Y., 134 287 Sidorov, Vyacheslav, 175 Sklar, Jeannie, 285 Smith-Peter, Susan, 232 Soniat, Mathew, 286 Sidorova, O. V., 119 Skoczylas, Elehie, 248 Smolansky, Oles, 176, Sonnenfeldt, Helmut, Siegel, Evan, 173 Skodvin, Magne, 171 251 134, 140, 142, 142, Siegel, Katherine, A.S. Skoptsov, Leonid, 168 Smolar, Aleksandr, 152 142, 143 97 Skrynnikova, Tatiana, Smolova, Tat’iana Sotnikov, A. O., 129 Siegel, William, 284, 221 Anatolievna, 66 Soyfer, Valery N., 174, 285 Skvortsov, Lev, 238 Smolyansky, Pavel, 206 261, 278 Siegelbaum, Lewis H., Skvortsova, Irina, 218 Smoodin, Eric, 149 Soyunen, Natalia, 35, 97, 161 Skvoznikov, V.D., 151 Smotrova, T. N., 125 66, 175 Sievers, Eric, 180 Slava, Svitlana, 205 Smyth, Regina, 192 Spagat, Michael, 162 Sigov, Iurii, 259 Slavgorodskaia, N. A., Snead, David L., 180 Spahr, William, 176 Sih, Julia Junzhi, 98 117 Snelbecker, David, 98 Spears, Nichelle, 282 Silagadze, Apolon, 153 Slavov, Atanas, 51 Snigur, Victoria, 287 Spechler, Dina, 162 Silbajoris, Frank R., 46, Slepyan, Kenneth, 182 Snyder, Jack, 151, 159 Spence, Jack, 159 245, 278 Slezkine, Yuri, 98, 164 Snyder, Jed C., 143 Spector, Regine, 216 Silet, Scott, 284 Slider, Darrell L., 58, Snyder, Jeremy, 286 Sperling, Valerie, 284 Silliman, Emily, 283 153, 173, 246, 278 Snyder, Timothy, 196 Stabnikov, Vladimir, 163 Silova, Iveta, 98 Slocum, John W., 98, Soboleva, Elena, 98 Stanislawski, Michael, Silver, Brian D., 141, 221 Sodaro, Michael, 250 164 242, 138, 161 Sloyer, Brian, 285, 285 Soffer, Olga, 98 Stankevich, Sergei B., Silverberg, Helen, 284 Slukhai, Serhiy, 231 Soghomian, Mardo, 257 154, 154 Simeonova, Antonia, Slusher, John H., 284 Sogomonov, Aleksandr, Stankovic, Slobodan, 285 Sly, Kathryn, 284 168 140 Simes, Dimitri K., 136, Smel’ianskii, Anatolii, Sogrin, Vladimir V., 150 Stanley, C. Maxwell, 141 137, 140 258 Sokolina, Anna, 189 Stanton, Gregory, 224 Simis, Konstantin, 137, Smilianskaia, Elena, 66 Sokolov, Andrei, 98 Stares, Linda, 283 243 Smirnov, Aleksandr, 198 Sokolova, Marina, 207 Starks, Tricia, 98 Simkin, Lev Semenovich, Smirnov, William, 35, 48, Sokolovski, Sergei, 66, Starovoitova, Galina 98, 257 178, 185, 190, 191, 194, 198, 248 Vasil’evna 5,12, 51, Simmons, Leo, 285 192, 192, 194, 198, Solchanyk, Roman, 177, 172, 255 Simmons, P.J., 174 199, 199, 205, 205, 248 Starr, S. Frederick, 7, 9, Simon, Gerhard, 98 206, 227, 230 Soldatova, Galina, 160, 9, 10, 15, 16, 17, 20, 310 Simon, Jennifer, 286 Smirnova, I. B., 122 195, 261 31, 31, 98, 135, 135,

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER 136, 136, 139, 162, Strauss, Robert S., 193, Sutter, Eleanor, 282, 279 Tardos, Marton, 134, 193, 267, 278, 280 194, 266 Sutter, Robert, 230 145, 146, 241 Startsev, Vitalii, 99, 175 Strekalova, N. V., 129 Sutton, Frances X., 201 Tatu, Michel, 133 Stavrakis, Peter J., 58, Stretovych, Volodymyr, Svetlov, R. V., 112 Taubman, Jane, 162, 99, 161, 171, 173, 262 Svobodny, F. K., 130 279 174, 176, 176, 189, Strikhanov, Mikhail, 111, Swader, Christopher, 286 Taubman, William, 99, 236, 247, 248, 258, 222, 222 Swafford, Michael S., 46, 149, 149, 153, 162, 282 Strmecki, Marin, 212 279 193, 219 Stavropolskii, Yulii, Strogova, E. A., 114 Swanson, John, 284 Taylor, Joshua C., 135 66,212 Stroschein, Sherrill, 196 Swartz, Anne, 99, 268, Taylor, Julia, 285 Stavrou, Theofanis G., Struyk, Raymond, 260 279 Taylor, Meredith, 283 135, 152 Stuart, Robert C., 148, Swietochowski, Tadeusz, Taylor, Richard, 99, 139, Stebelsky, Ihor, 99, 148 162, 138, 139 46, 99, 138, 173, 242, 148, 244 Stec, Patricia, 283 Stuart, Rosemary, 279, 246, 250 Taylor, William J., 150 Steckler, Irene M., 164 282 Swift, Eugene Anthony, Tchernysh, Julia, 285 Stedman, Stephen, 188 Stub, Sverre, 186 58, 162 Teague, Elizabeth, 161, Steeves, Paul, 99 Stubbs, John, 167 Swift, Mary Grace, 99 215, 217, 223, 233, Stefes, Christoph, 227 Stukanov, Alexei, 69 Swinton, Elizabeth, 158 249, 279 Steffens, Rich, 179 Stulberg, Adam, 210 Sypko, Susan Teckenberg, Wolfgang, Stein, Dan, 179 Suberu, Rotimi, 188 Syron, Jennifer, 286 143 Steinberg, John W., 58, Subiros, Pep, 186 Syrtypova, S. D., 122 Teeter, Mark H., 154, 181 Sukhorukova, Ludmila, Sysyn, Frank E., 58, 152, 238, 282, 99, 256, Steinberg, Mark D., 182 191 164, 268 279 Steinbruner, John, 177 Sukovata, Viktoria, 66, Syukiainen, Leonid, 225 Temnitskii, A. L., 130 Stent, Angela, 142, 162, 104 Szacki, Jerzy, 171 Terras, Victor, 34, 46, 99, 172, 208, 213, 215, Sulakshin, Stepan, 161 Szalai, Julia, 222 162, 279 217, 222, 233, 234, Suleimenov, Olzhas, 51, Szaszdi, Lajos, 285 Terry, Sarah Meiklejohn, 248 256 Szporluk, Roman, 143, 241, 245 Stepanenko, Viktor, 68, Sullivan, John, 172 161, 196, 197 Teune, Henry, 160, 161 231 Sumbadze, Nana, 99 Tev, D. B., 119 Stepanov, V. L., 122, Sund, Maria, 286 Thaden, Edward C., 46, 129, 129 Sunderland, Willard ,58, T 243 Stepanov, Vladimir, 150 99 Thalacker, Lisa A., 283 Tadjbakhsh, Shahrbanou, Stepanova, Elena, 255 Sungurov, Aleksandr, 35, Thatcher, Gary, 252 284, 284 Stephan, John J., 99, 66, 175, 178, 184, Theen, Rolf H.W., 99, Tagor, Sergei 279 185, 199, 200, 206, 251 Vladimirovich, 108, Stern, Jonathan, 137 219 Thiel, Charles C., Jr. 136 171 Sternberg, Leslie, 283 Suny, Ronald Grigor, Thiel, Elke, 171 Tahir-Kheli, Shirin, 150 Sterne, Carole, 282 241, 242, 153, 161, Thomas, Cheryl A., 99 Takahashi, Daizo, 165 Sternheimer, Stephen, 134, 137, 138, 161, Thomas, Hugh, 108 Talbott, Strobe, 139, 234 132, 142, 143 174, 237, 254 Thomas, Jay, 219 Tamamoto, Masaru, 164, Sternine, Grigori Supian, Viktor, 66, 192, Thomas, Jeffrey, 285, 165 Yure’vich, 189 229 285 Tanaka, Akihito, 156, Stewart, Philip, 144 Supriaga, S. V., 130, 130 Thomas, Jennifer, 285 159 Stites, Richard, 46, 99, Surh, Gerald D., 99, 279 Thomas, John R., 96, Tangalycheva, Rimma 136, 139, 162, 164, Surin, Aleksei 157, 164, 165, 237, Kamil’evna, 66 217, 236, 244, 279 Viktorovich, 99 256 Taplin, Frank E., 38, 279 Stockdale, Melissa, 99 Surkova, I. I., 119 Thompson, Kristin, 148 Tarakanov, Vasily, 205 Stoessel, Walter, 149 Susak, Viktor, 35, 66, 200, Thomson, Francis, 152 Taran, R. A., 130 Stock, Aubrey, 286 201, 205, 214, 220 Thomson, Robert W., Taranovski, Theodore, Stokes, Gale, 161, 155 Suslov, Andrei, 175, 178, 138 153, 154, 154, 157, Stoner-Weiss, Kathryn, 184, 191, 198, 206, Thornton, Judith, 34, 237, 254, 279, 282 58, 172, 182, 187, 218, 230 46, 132, 137, 137, Tarasov, I. N., 119 263, 268 Suslov, Ilya, 141 147, 162, 179, 251, Tarasulo, Isaac, 99, 252 Stopowski, Terry, 282 Susokolov, Aleksandr, 279 Taremi, Kamran, 99 Straus, Joynette, 285 160 Thorson, Maureen, 286 311

30 YEAR REPORT | INDEX Thorton, Thomas, 211 Tolz, Vera, 259 Troyanovskaya, Maria, Ulam, Adam B., 34, Thumann, Michael, 266 Tomashevskii, Andrei 52 149, 248 Thumim, Donald, 164 Mikhailovich, 100 Troyanovskii, Oleg Ulanovskaya, Izabella, Thurston, Robert W., 99 Tomazova, Olga, 197 Aleksandrovich, 52, 197 Thyret, Isolde, 58, 162 Tomsen, Peter, 211, 211 171, 176, 176 Ulianova, Galina, 67, 17, Tiapkina, O. A., 114, Toniatti, Roberto, 166, Trulock, Notra III, 151, 218 122 172 246 Umbach, Frank, 100 Tibbets, Paul, 285 Tonoyan, Tamara, 67, Trzeziak, Joanna, 100 Umland, Andreas, 100 Tikhomandritskaia, O. 105 Tsalik, Svetlana, 285 Underhill, Jack A., 136, A., 122 Toon, Malcolm, 134, Tsintsadze, Tamara, 67 143, 242 Tikhonov, Vladimir, 254 193, 226 Tsipko, Aleksandr Unger, Jonathan, 137, Tikhonova, Svetlana, 229 Toops, Stanley, 169 Sergeevich, 46, 192, 243 Timberlake, Charles, Torbakov, Igor, 67, 177, 194, 261 Unger, Leopold, 171 183 248 Tsyb, A. V., 113 Urban, Erin 287 Timofeev, Timur Toreev, V. B., 123 Tsygankov, Andrei, 259 Urban, Joan Barth, 251 Timofeevich, 51 Toritsin, Arkady, 100 Tucker, Ernest S., 100 Urnov, Dmitrii Timoshenko, Aleksandr Torke, Hans-Jaochim, Tucker, Robert C., 46, Mikhailovich, 151, 250 Sergeevich, 52 254 138, 139, 149, 154, Usachev, A. S., 117 Tims, Frank, 219 Tornudd, Klaus, 251 193, 243, 245, 266, Usacheva, V. V., 130 Titarenko, Larisa, G. 46, Toshchenko, Zhan 279 Ushakov, Anatolii, 171 100, 264 Terent’evich 166 Tulchin, Joseph S., 155, Ushakov, Yuri, 193, 201, Titarenko, I. I., 122 Tosti, Padideh, 286 202, 225 201, 226 Titkov, Aleksei, 247 Toumajan, Mihran, 286 Tullock, Gordon, 146 Ushakova, Anna Titov, V. N., 122 Toumanoff, Vladimir, Tumanik, E. N., 123 Valerievna, 105 Titova, T. A., 130 162, 279 Tumanov, Alexander N., Ushanova, Irina, 213 Titunik, Irwin R., 100 Townsend, Charles E., 100 Usmanov, Lyoma, 101 Tiukhov, Igor’, 229 208 Tumanova, O.A., 130 Uspensky, Gleb, 164 Tiurina, Elena Tran’kov, A. L., 117 Tumarkin, Nina, 139, Usry, Stephanie E., 282 Aleksandrovna, 100 Trapple, Joseph, 285 244, 248 Ustinov, Andrei, 207 Tiuriukanova, Elena, 66, Travis, Frederick F., 100, Turaj, Kristyn, 283 Uzzell, Larry, 187, 226 190 261 Turner, Patrick Michael, Tkach, Dmytro, 49 Tregubova, Tatyana, 218 100 Tkanko, Viktor, 230 Trelogan, Jessica, 203 Turovskaya, Maya, 46 V Tochitskaya, Irina Treml, Vladimir G., 132, Tursunov, Akbar, 100 Vafai, John, 49, 49 Eduardovna, 66, 105 135, 139, 143, 162 Tuten, Janice, 282 Vaganov, Petr, 101, 230 Toda, Yasushi, 100 Trenin, Dmitri, 208, 214, Tuzikov, A. R., 125 Vaguine, Vladimir, 67, Todd, William Mills III, 217 Tuzlukova, Viktoria, 191 248, 248 34, 162, 279 Tret’iakov, V. S., 123 Tuzmukhamedov, Vainberg, Evelina, 285 Todes, Daniel, 232 Tret’iakova, Svetlana, Bakhtiyar, 259 Vainshtein, Gregorii, 184 Todorova, Maria, 160 228 Twarog, Leon, 144 Vaisman, Daria, 286 Togawa, Tsuguo, 157 Tretyakova-Birman, Twigg, Judyth L., 100, Vaitekunas, Stasys, 101 Tohidi, Nayereh, 59, Albina, 263 211, 266, 279 Vaksberg, Arkadii, 254 203, 204, 208, 210, Trigubovich, N. V., 120 Tyrer, Robert, 168 Valenta, Jiri, 109, 142, 226, 239 Tripp, Aili, 188 Tysiachniouk, Maria, S. 144, 145, 155, 237, Toker, Anna, 1, 282 Triska, Jan F., 46, 132, 100, 206 245, 251 Tokhtakhodzhaeva, 240 Tyson, Laura D’Andrea, Valenta, Virginia, 145, Marfua Trivers, Howard E., 284 134, 134, 140, 145, 245 Saydumarovna, 67 Troncale, Joseph C., 241, 241, 244 Valkenier, Elizabeth Tolczyk, Dariusz, 100 148, 279 Tytov, Volodymyr, 200 Kridl, 101, 135 Tolmazin, David, 46, 246 Trott, Margaret A., 100, Valkova, Olga, 232 Tolochin, Igor 279 Valliere, Paul, 152 Vladimirovich, 67 Troupin, Peggy, 207 U Van Atta, Donald, 101, Tologonova, Aida Trouth, Erin, 1, 227, 282, Uda, Fumio, 162 148 Myzzakanova, 67 286 Udgaard, Nils, 134 van Brabant, Josef, 145, Tolstaia, Tat’iana, 254 Troyakova, Tamara, 67, Ukhvanov, Viktor, 67 146 312 Tolstoy, Mikhail, 162 105

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER Van den Berg, Ger, 249 Veselova, A. I., 117 von Weizsakker, Carl Ware, Robert, 210 Van der Wee, Herman, Vershbow, Alexander R., Friedrich, 109 Warhola, James, 190, 169 156 von Wroblewsky, 226 van Dijk, Ruud, 193 Vershinina, Irina, 219 Vincent, 171 Warnecke, Grace Van Dusen, Michael, Vest, Gary, 189 Vornov, Steven, 283 Kennan, 34, 262 203, 223, 279 Vigor, Peter, 151 Vorobyev, Ves, 287 Warner, Edward L. III, Van Dyke, Gretchen J., Viktorova, K. V., 114 Voronin, Iurii, 101, 199 151, 151, 246, 250 180 Viner, B. E., 130 Voronina, T. I., 120 Warner, Joyce, 285 Van Oudenaren, John, Vinkovetsky, Ilya, 101 Voronova, Elena, 173 Warren, Kellam, 285 59, 151, 253 Vinogradoff, Eugene, 101 Vorontsov, Yuli M., 176, Warren-Findley, Janelle, Vanchugov, Vasilii, 228 Vinogradoff, Janice, 101 193 219 Vandenberg, Martina, Vinogradov, Boris, 111 Voskressenski, Aleksei Warshaw, Matthew, 285 187 Vinogradova, Elvina, 195 Dmitrievich, 67, 266 Warth, Robert D., 102 Vander Lippe, John M., Vinokur, Aaron, 101, Voulfovich, Revekka, 35, Wass von Czege, 59 133, 137, 240 67, 212, 213, 229, 229 Andreas, 102 Vanderpool, Christopher, Vinokurov, E. I., 113 Vovina, V. G., 130 Wasserstrom, Jeff, 181 172 Vinokurov, Evgeny, 219 Vovk, Vira, 183 Waters, Grae, 286 VanDeveer, Stacy, 101 Vipperman, Carol, 180 Voznesenskii, Andrei Watson, Thomas J., 38, Vandivere, Sharon, 285 Vishlenkova, E. A., 120, Andreevich, 52 274, 279 Vanneman, Peter, 101 123 Voznyak, Taras, 196 Watters, Kate, 204, 223 Vanous, Jan, 137, 145, Visson, Lynn, 101, 264 Vroon, Ronald, 146 Watts, Glenn, 133, 133 146, 243 Vlach, John, 185 Vukolova, T. S., 117 Waxmonsky, Gary, 144, VanZele, Roger, 180 Vlasova, Natal’ia, 178, Vyskochil, A. A., 125 202, 202, 202, 252 Varas, Augusto, 155 182, 183, 187, 190, Vyshniakov, Oleksandr, Way, Lucan, 265 Vardys, V. Stanley, 101 192, 199, 218, 229 67, 221, 231 Wcislo, Frank, 102 Varlamov, Serhiy, 101 Vodichev, Evgenii, 101, Vysokovskii, Aleksandr, Weathersby, Kathryn, 59, Varna, Volodymyr, 67 175, 184, 191, 199, 102, 167, 202, 247 193, 260 Varnum, Kelleigh, 285 207, 212, 218, 247, Vysotska, Natalia, 67, 220 Webber, Mark, 285, 286, Varona, Gianfranco, 286 259 287 Varshavskaia, E. I., 117 Vogel, Heinrich, 34, 52 Weeks, Theodore R., 59, Vasary, Istvan, 47 Vogel, Ronald, 202 W 102, 162, 279 Vasilenko, Sergei, 207 Vogl, Mark, 219 Wegren, Stephen, 183, Wachs, Naomi, 286 Vasil’ev, D. V., 120 Voinovich, Vladimir 190, 237 Wachtel, Michael, 207 Vasiliev, M. I., 130 Nikolaevich, 47, 141 Weil, Irwin, 147, 279 Wada, Haruki, 157, 164, Vasil’eva, R. I., 114 Volgine, Igor, 190 Weinberg, S. Todd, 282 165 Vasil’eva, Tat’iana, 167, Volkogonova, Olga Weiner, Adam, 59 Wade, Rex, 102 167 Dmitrievna, 67, 101, Weiner, Amir, 59, 260 Wade, Troy, 219 Vasilkova, Larissa 198, 227 Weiner, Douglas R., 59, Wadekin, Karl-Eugen, Vasilievna, 67 Volkov, Solomon, 141 158, 261 47, 148, 148, 152, Vassilieva, Maria, 287 Volkov, Vadim, 188 Weinerman, Eli, 102 171, 279 Vaughan, Patrick, 101 Volkov, Vladimir, 109, Weinrod, W. Bruce, 145 Wagner, Louis, 279 Vdovin, Yuri, 209 193 Weinstein, Allen, 202, Walden, Janice Van Venclova, Tomas A., 47, Volodina, T. A., 113 208, 209, 209 Dyke, 37 279 Voloshina, T. N., 123 Weinthal, Erika, 216 Walker, Barbara, 182 Verbitskaia, Liudmila, Volosiuk, Halyna, 239 Weiss, Andrew, 177 Walker, Janet, 157 111 Volsky, Victor, 250 Weisskopf, Gene, 220 Wallander, Celeste, 194, Verbitskii, Semen, 165, Volten, Peter M.E., 101 Weissman, Neil B., 102, 208, 214, 266 258 von der Gablentz, Otto, 153 Walldorf, Will, 285 Vereshchagin, A. S., 120 168 Welch, Rebecca, 219 Waller, J. Michael, 260 Vereshchagin, Viktor, 35, Von Geldern, James, Wells, Betty, 190 Wallick, David, 285 67, 178, 184, 191, 101, 182 Wells, Samuel F., Jr., Walsh, P. Hartley, 283 192, 194, 199, 206 Von Hagen, Mark, 34, 162, 169, 169 Walters, Philip, 226 Verona, Sergiu, 101 101, 161, 176, 181, Wells, Sherrill, 171 Walters, Vernon, 144 Vertgeim, I. B., 123 155 Werner, Cynthia, 204, Wanner, Catherine, 120, Veselkova, N. V., 120, Von Struensee, Vanessa, 208, 210, 239 215, 225, 265 123 203 Werrett, Simon, 232 313

30 YEAR REPORT | INDEX Werth, Christina, 286 Wimbush, S. Enders, Werth, Paul W., 59, 85, 134, 135, 139, 141 X Z 210, 215, 225 Winieckie, Thad, 155 Xiaoming, Zhang, 109 Zabiiako, A. P., 113, 123 Wesolowski, Winpisinger, William, Xichang, Zhang, 109 Zablotskii, Viktor, 68, Wlodzimierz, 171 133 214, 214 West, James, 174 Winter, Katie, 284 Zabrovskaia, L. V., 113 Westad, Odd Arne, 211 Wirth, Timothy, 144 Zabuzhko, Oksana, 257 Westbrook, Marie A., Wirtz, James J., 179 Y Zadornov, Mikhail, 211 102 Wise, Andrew Kier, 102 Yablokov, Aleksei, 202, Zagoria, Donald, 147 Wettig, Gerhard, 47, Wishnick, Elizabeth, 209, 256 Zagoskin, D. V., 130 171, 250 102, 230 Yadov, Vladimir, 195, Zaharchenko, Tatiana R., Wexler, Simona, 196 Wisner, Frank, 194 195 59, 270 Weydenthal, Jan, 249 Wlaschin, Ken, 149 Yakovlev, Aleksandr, 256 Zahniy, Oleksandr, 231 Wheatcroft, S.G., 102, Wolchik, Sharon L., 155, Yakovleva, El’za, 173 Zaitsev, D. V., 125 138, 243 159, 196, 237, 279 Yakubovsky, Vladimir, Zaitsev, I. N., 113 Wheeler, Brooks, 286 Wolf, Art, 219 102 Zaitsev, Oleksandr, 221 Wheeler, Mary E., 136, Wolf, Erika, 102, 182, Yanagi, Tomiko, 157 Zakharova, Larissa, 34, 242 189 Yanchuk, Oles, 225 103, 153 Wheeler, Nicholas, 282 Wolf, Thomas A., 134, Yaney, George, 132 Zakheim, Dov, 145 Whisnant, Steven, 284, 146, 241 Yang, Anand, 233 Zaks, Boris, 141 284 Wolff, David, 165, 177, Yang, Zhong, 102 Zakydalsky, Taras D., 103 White, Elizabeth, 282, 193 Yankov, Kirill, 258 Zaleski, Eugene, 138 283, 284 Wolfke, Karol, 171 Yanov, Alexander, 102, Zalizniak, A. A., 125 Whiting, Allen S., 137 Wolfson, Laura, 284 139, 258 Zamascikov, Sergei, 246 Whitlock, Erik, 259 Woll, Josephine, 59, Yarim-Agaev, Yuri, 141 Zarankin, Julia, 208 Whitt, Samuel, 203 162, 246, 252, 253, Yaroshevski, Boris (Dov), Zarinskaya, Irina Whittaker, Cynthia, 102, 258 102 Zinovievna, 103 164, 279 Wollam, Annemarie, Yaroshinskaya, Alla, 172 Zartman, I. William, 188 Wiarda, Howard J., 142, 282 Yasmann, Victor J., 103 Zartman, Jonathan, 216 144, 245 Womack, Brantly, 156, Yasui, Ryohei, 157 Zaslavsky, Aleksandr, 103 Widner, Jennifer, 188 158, 159 Yatsunska, Olena, 67, Zavershinski, Konstantin, Wieck, Hans-Georg, Wong, Lung Fai, 148 105, 221, 231 212 109 Wood, Christina, 285, Yedlin, Tova, 103 Zav’ialova, T. G., 113 Weisbrode, Kenneth, 286 Yei, Mei, 146 Zaznaev, Oleg, 173 102 Wood, Elizabeth A., 59, Yeremina, Tat’iana, 179 Zboray, Matthew, 285 Wildman, Allan K., 47, 65 Yevarouski, Valery, 103 Zdravomyslova, Olga, 244, 279 Wooden, Amanda, 216 Yevdokimov, Yuri, 103 188 Wiles, Peter, 47, 137, Woods, Leyla, 145 Yin, Sandra, 284, 284 Zecchini, Salvatore, 166 151, 152, 241 Wormsbacher, Nadine, Yntema, Mary, 284 Zekulin, Nicholas G., 103 Williams, Andrew J., 285 Yokomichi, Takahiro, 157 Zelensky, Elizabeth, 283 102 Worobec, Christine D., Yokote, Shinji, 165 Zelentsova, Tatiana, 206 Williams, Daniel, 282, 59, 246, 279 Yopo, Boris, 155 Zelikova, I. A., 130 284 Worth, Dean S., 34, 47, Yost, David, 250 Zelinskaia, Elena, 255 Williams, Edward V., 47, 52, 162, 279 Young, Crawford, 187, Zeller, Carolyn, 283 246 Wortman, Richard, 34, 188, 189, 236 Zelnik, Reginald E., 152, Williams, John, 49 102, 164, 254 Young, Glennys, 103 164 Williams, Margaret, 186 Wright, Anita, 204 Young, John, 173 Zemskova, E. V., 125 Williams, Robert C., 47, Wright, Arthur, 137 Youngblood, Denise, Zenkova, A. I., 125 139, 240, 244, 279 Wroblewski, Agnieszka, 148, 174 Zenkovsky, Serge A., 34, Williams, Shirley, 168 171 Yurchak, Alexei, 103 279 Willis, Eliza, 171 Wroblewski, Andrzei, Yushenkov, Sergei, 267 Zenz, Kimberly, 286 Wilson, Andrew, 180, 169 Yusupov, Catherine, 286 Zevelev, Igor 265 Wynn, Charters, 59, 161 Yuzefovich, Viktor Aleksandrovich, 47, Wilson, Charles, 211 Wyzan, Michael L., 139, Aronovich, 47, 162, 262 Wilson, Jeanne, 266 148, 243 258, 268 Zhang, Baichun, 232 314 Wilson, Monique, 285

KENNAN INSTITUTE | WOODROW WILSON CENTER Zhdanova, Tat’iana, 111, Zhuravleva, Viktoriia, Zilper, Nadia, 103 Zmudzki, Marcin, 284 222 228 Zimmerman, John, 144 Zosimenko, Valentina, Zhitin, Dmitrii Zhurek, Stefan, 183 Zimmerman, William, 34, 219 Viktorovich, 166 Zhurkin, Vitalii 111, 134, 222, 241, Zubok, Vladimir Zhuk, Sergei, 59, 237, Vladimirovich, 52 279 Martinovich, 59 268 Zhurzhenko, Tetyana, Zinurov, A. M., 125 Zubok, Vladislav, 169, Zhukov, Aleksandr, 165 204, 208 Zinurova, R. I., 125 193, 195, 207, 211 Zhukov, Konstantin Zinatullina, G. I., 115 Ziolkowski, Margaret C., Zubov, Andrej, 226 Aleksandrovich, 68 Ziegler, Charles E., 103 104 Zverev, Sergei, 168 Zhukova, Elena, 213 Zielonka, Jan, 214, 217, Zlobin, Nikolai Zviglyanich, Vladimir Zhuravel, Mark, 103 223, 233 Vasil’evich, 104, 269 Aleksandrovich, 59 Zhuravlev, Sergei, 69 Zier, Kristen, 285 Zlotnik, Marc, 151, 154, Zysman, Karmit, 174, Zhuravlev, Vitalii Zikas, Viktor, 286 208, 215, 238, 250, 284 Filipovich, 166 Ziker, John, 59 253

315

30 YEAR REPORT | INDEX

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