Armenian Numismatic Journal, Volume 31
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The Orontids of Armenia by Cyril Toumanoff
The Orontids of Armenia by Cyril Toumanoff This study appears as part III of Toumanoff's Studies in Christian Caucasian History (Georgetown, 1963), pp. 277-354. An earlier version appeared in the journal Le Muséon 72(1959), pp. 1-36 and 73(1960), pp. 73-106. The Orontids of Armenia Bibliography, pp. 501-523 Maps appear as an attachment to the present document. This material is presented solely for non-commercial educational/research purposes. I 1. The genesis of the Armenian nation has been examined in an earlier Study.1 Its nucleus, succeeding to the role of the Yannic nucleus ot Urartu, was the 'proto-Armenian,T Hayasa-Phrygian, people-state,2 which at first oc- cupied only a small section of the former Urartian, or subsequent Armenian, territory. And it was, precisely, of the expansion of this people-state over that territory, and of its blending with the remaining Urartians and other proto- Caucasians that the Armenian nation was born. That expansion proceeded from the earliest proto-Armenian settlement in the basin of the Arsanias (East- ern Euphrates) up the Euphrates, to the valley of the upper Tigris, and espe- cially to that of the Araxes, which is the central Armenian plain.3 This expand- ing proto-Armenian nucleus formed a separate satrapy in the Iranian empire, while the rest of the inhabitants of the Armenian Plateau, both the remaining Urartians and other proto-Caucasians, were included in several other satrapies.* Between Herodotus's day and the year 401, when the Ten Thousand passed through it, the land of the proto-Armenians had become so enlarged as to form, in addition to the Satrapy of Armenia, also the trans-Euphratensian vice-Sa- trapy of West Armenia.5 This division subsisted in the Hellenistic phase, as that between Greater Armenia and Lesser Armenia. -
LOOYS Cheltenham, PA April to June 2014 Your New Parish Council
Սո Եոոթ Հ Աքկ Եկղ Holy Trinity Armenian Apostolic Church LOOYS Cheltenham, PA April to June 2014 Your New Parish Council Hours of Worship Upcoming Events - Morning Service: 10:00 AM August 17 - Blessing of Grapes - Divine Liturgy: 10:30 AM September 14 – Church School Opening - Sunday Church School: September 28 80th Anniversary Celebration 10:15 AM October 12 - Intercommunal at HT October 24-26 - Harvest Bazaar Come celebrate with Rev. Fr. Hakob Gevorgyan Pray Until Something Happens www.holytrinity-pa.org The Sixth Commandment “You shall not murder.” (Exodus 20:13) Human life is precious and to be highly valued, for man is made in the image of God. (Gen. 9:6) We live in a society which gives little respect to human life. Unfortunately, today’s society is self-centered and trying to satisfy its wishes only, rather than doing good to others and satisfying God. The first time in the Bible we read about murder is in the Book of Genesis. Cain and Abel were two sons of Adam and Eve. “Abel was a keeper of sheep, and Cain a tiller of the ground. In the course of time, Cain brought to the Lord an offering of the fruit of the ground, and Abel for his part brought of the firstlings of his flock, their fat portions. And the Lord had regard for Abel and his offering, but for Cain and his offering he had no regard. So, Cain was very angry, and his countenance fell. The Lord said to Cain, “Why are you angry, and why has your countenance fallen? If you do well, will you not be accepted. -
June 16, 2013 Úáõýçë 16, 2013 Fourth Sunday After Դ Ïçñ³ïç Ú»Ï Pentecost Ðá·»·³Éáõëïç
ST. JAMES ARMENIAN APOSTOLIC CHURCH ê´. Ú²Îഠвڲêî²Üº²Úò ²è²øºÈ²Î²Ü ºÎºÔºòÆ Rev. Father Hovhan Khoja-Eynatyan, Pastor 816 Clark Street, Evanston, IL 60201 Tel: 847-864-6263, e-mail: [email protected] www.stjamesevanston.org June 16, 2013 ÚáõÝÇë 16, 2013 Fourth Sunday after Դ ÏÇñ³ÏÇ Ú»ï Pentecost Ðá·»·³ÉáõëïÇ Armenian Historical Year 4505 (îÞº) Armenian Calendrical Year 1462(Èüî´) SUNDAY, JUNE 16, 2013 NO. 24/2013 Morning Service: 9:15 AM Divine Liturgy: 10:00 AM Bible Readings: Isaiah 1:21-31 Romans 7:25-8:11 Matthew 12:38-45 ԿԻՐԱԿԻ, ÚàôÜÆê 16, 2013 Արաւոտեան Ժամ: 9:15 Սուրբ Պատարագ; 10:00 Ընթերցումներ: ºë³Û³Ç 1:21-31 ÐéáíÙ³Û»óÇë 7:25-8:11 سïÿáë 12:38-45 PLEASE PRAY FOR OUR SICK Patriarch Mesrob Moutafian Alexander Adajian Shoushan Altun Guram Arutinov Anais Bulbulian Yn. Maireni Donikian Araxi Hardy Lucy Genian Jirayr Gerardo Hoyle Green Pat Green Mihran Guragossian Varujan Kurtjian Nargez Hamayak Marie Ipjian Carnig Kahaian Fransuhi Kurtjian Yousef Movsessian Massis Ohanesian Terry Peterson Joseph Summer Sunny Tashjian Vigen Ter-Avakian Rose Tourounjian Carla Ziegler Fr. Garen Gdanian Diramayr Sirarpi Nalbandian If there are others who are ill and would like us to pray for them, please let us know. FEASTS June 17 - Commemoration of Sts. Antoninus, Theophilus, Anicetus and Potinus June 18 - Commemoration of the Prophet Daniel, and his Companions Sts. Shadrach, Meshach and Abednego June 20 - Feast of the Holy Translators St. Sahag and St. Mesrop June 22 - Commemoration of Sts. Tiridates, King of Armenia, Queen Ashkhen and Princess Khosrovidoukht COMMEMORATION OF STS. -
Mortem Et Gloriam Army Lists Use the Army Lists to Create Your Own Customised Armies Using the Mortem Et Gloriam Army Builder
Army Lists Syria and Asia Minor Contents Asiatic Greek 670 to 129 BCE Lycian 525 to 300 BCE Bithynian 434 to 74 BCE Armenian 330 BCE to 627 CE Asiatic Successor 323 to 280 BCE Cappadocian 300 BCE to 17 CE Attalid Pergamene 282 to 129 BCE Galatian 280 to 62 BCE Early Seleucid 279 to 167 BCE Seleucid 166 to 129 BCE Commagene 163 BCE to 72 CE Late Seleucid 128 to 56 BCE Pontic 110 to 47 BCE Palmyran 258 CE to 273 CE Version 2020.02: 1st January 2020 © Simon Hall Creating an army with the Mortem et Gloriam Army Lists Use the army lists to create your own customised armies using the Mortem et Gloriam Army Builder. There are few general rules to follow: 1. An army must have at least 2 generals and can have no more than 4. 2. You must take at least the minimum of any troops noted and may not go beyond the maximum of any. 3. No army may have more than two generals who are Talented or better. 4. Unless specified otherwise, all elements in a UG must be classified identically. Unless specified otherwise, if an optional characteristic is taken, it must be taken by all the elements in the UG for which that optional characteristic is available. 5. Any UGs can be downgraded by one quality grade and/or by one shooting skill representing less strong, tired or understrength troops. If any bases are downgraded all in the UG must be downgraded. So Average-Experienced skirmishers can always be downgraded to Poor-Unskilled. -
Eduard L. Danielyan Progressive British Figures' Appreciation of Armenia's Civilizational Significance Versus the Falsified
INSTITUTE OF HISTORY OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE REPUBLIC OF ARMENIA EDUARD L. DANIELYAN PROGRESSIVE BRITISH FIGURES’ APPRECIATION OF ARMENIA’S CIVILIZATIONAL SIGNIFICANCE VERSUS THE FALSIFIED “ANCIENT TURKEY” EXHIBIT IN THE BRITISH MUSEUM YEREVAN 2013 1 PUBLISHED WITH THE APPROVAL OF THE SCIENTIFIC COUNCIL OF THE INSTITUTE OF HISTORY OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE REPUBLIC OF ARMENIA This work was supported by State Committee of Science MES RA, in frame of the research project № 11-6a634 “Falsification of basic questions of the history of Armenia in the Turkish-Azerbaijani historiogrpahy”. Reviewer A.A.Melkonyan, Doctor of History, corresponding member of the NAS RA Edited by Dr. John W. Mason, Pauline H. Mason, M.A. Eduard L. Danielyan Progressive British Figures’ Appreciation of Armenia’s Civilizational Significance Versus the Falsified “Ancient Turkey” Exhibit in the British Museum This work presents a cultural-spiritual perception of Armenia by famous British people as the country of Paradise, Noah’s Ark on Mt. Ararat-Masis and the cradle of civilization. Special attention is paid in the book to the fact that modern British enlightened figures call the UK government to recognize the Armenian Genocide, but this question has been politicized and subjected to the interests of UK-Turkey relations, thus being pushed into the genocide denial deadlock. The fact of sheltering and showing the Turkish falsified “interpretations” of the archaeological artifacts from ancient sites of the Armenian Highland and Asia Minor in the British Museum’s “Room 54” exhibit wrongly entitled “Ancient Turkey” is an example of how the genocide denial policy of Turkey pollutes the Britain’s historical-cultural treasury and distorts rational minds and inquisitiveness of many visitors from different countries of the world.The author shows that Turkish falsifications of history have been widely criticized in historiography. -
The Depiction of the Arsacid Dynasty in Medieval Armenian Historiography 207
Azat Bozoyan The Depiction of the ArsacidDynasty in Medieval Armenian Historiography Introduction The Arsacid, or Parthian, dynasty was foundedinthe 250s bce,detaching large ter- ritories from the Seleucid Kingdom which had been formed after the conquests of Alexander the Great.This dynasty ruled Persia for about half amillennium, until 226 ce,when Ardashir the Sasanian removed them from power.Under the Arsacid dynasty,Persia became Rome’smain rival in the East.Arsacid kingsset up theirrel- ativesinpositions of power in neighbouringstates, thus making them allies. After the fall of the Artaxiad dynasty in Armenia in 66 ce,Vologases IofParthia, in agree- ment with the RomanEmpire and the Armenian royal court,proclaimed his brother Tiridates king of Armenia. His dynasty ruled Armenia until 428 ce.Armenian histor- iographical sources, beginning in the fifth century,always reserved aspecial place for that dynasty. MovsēsXorenacʽi(Moses of Xoren), the ‘Father of Armenian historiography,’ at- tributed the origin of the Arsacids to the Artaxiad kingswho had ruled Armenia be- forehand. EarlyArmenian historiographic sources provide us with anumber of tes- timoniesregarding various representativesofthe Arsacid dynasty and their role in the spread of Christianity in Armenia. In Armenian, as well as in some Syriac histor- ical works,the origin of the Arsacids is related to King AbgarVof Edessa, known as the first king to officiallyadopt Christianity.Armenian and Byzantine historiograph- ical sources associate the adoption of Christianity as the state religion in Armenia with the Arsacid King Tiridates III. Gregory the Illuminator,who playedamajor role in the adoption of Christianity as Armenia’sstate religion and who even became widelyknown as the founder of the Armenian Church, belongstoanother branch of the samefamily. -
Armenian State Chamber Choir
Saturday, April 14, 2018, 8pm First Congregational Church, Berkeley A rm e ni a n State C h am b e r Ch oir PROGRAM Mesro p Ma s h tots (362– 4 40) ༳ཱུའཱུཪཱི འཻའེཪ ྃཷ I Knee l Be for e Yo u ( A hym n f or Le nt) Grikor N ar e k a tsi ( 9 51–1 0 03) གའཽཷཱཱྀུ The Bird (A hymn for Easter) TheThe Bird BirdBir d (A (A(A hymn hymnhym forn for f oEaster) rEaster) East er ) The Bird (A hymn for Easter) K Kom itas (1869–1 935) ཏཷཱྀཿཡ, ོཷཱྀཿཡ K K K Holy, H oly གའཿོའཱུཤའཱུ ཤཿརཤཿ (ཉའཿ ༳) Rustic Weddin g Son g s (Su it e A , 1899 –1 90 1) ༷ཿཱུཪྀ , རཤཾཱུཪྀ , P Prayer r ayer ཆཤཿཪ ེའཱུ འཫའཫ 7KH%UL The B ri de’s Farewell ༻འརཽཷཿཪ ཱིཤཿ , ལཷཛཱྀོ འཿཪ To the B ride g room ’s Mo th er ༻འརཽཷཿ ཡའཿཷཽ 7KH%ULGH The Bridegroom’s Blessing ཱུ༹ ལཪཥའཱུ , BanterB an te r ༳ཱཻུཤཱི ཤཿཨའཱི ཪཱི ུའཿཧ , D ance ༷ཛཫ, ཤཛཫ Rise Up ! (1899 –190 1 ) གཷཛཽ འཿཤྃ ོའཿཤཛྷཿ ེའཱུ , O Mountain s , Brin g Bree z e (1913 –1 4) ༾ཷཻཷཱྀ རཷཱྀཨའཱུཤཿར Plowing Song of Lor i (1902 –0 6) ༵འཿཷཱཱྀུ Spring Song(190 2for, P oAtheneem by Ho vh annes Hovh anisyan) Song for Athene Song for Athene A John T a ve n er (19 44–2 013) ThreeSongSong forfSacredor AtheneAth Hymnsene A Three Sacred Hymns A Three Sacred Hymns A Three Sacred Hymns A Alfred Schn it tke (1 934–1 998) ThreeThree SacredSacred Hymns H ymn s Богородиц е Д ево, ра д уйся, Hail to th e V irgin M ary Господ и поми луй, Lord, Ha ve Mercy MissaОтч Memoriaе Наш, L ord’s Pra yer MissaK Memoria INTERMISSION MissaK Memoria Missa Memoria K K Lullaby (from T Lullaby (from T Sure on This Shining Night (Poem by James Agee) Lullaby (from T SureLullaby on This(from Shining T Night (Poem by James Agee) R ArmenianLullaby (from Folk TTunes R ArmenianSure on This Folk Shining Tunes Night (Poem by James Agee) Sure on This Shining Night (Poem by James Agee) R Armenian Folk Tunes R Armenian Folk Tunes The Bird (A hymn for Easter) K Song for Athene A Three Sacred Hymns PROGRAM David Haladjian (b. -
The Site of Tigranokerta: Status Quaestionis
Acta Ant. Hung. 56, 2016, 293–314 DOI: 10.1556/068.2016.56.3.2 MICHAŁ MARCIAK THE SITE OF TIGRANOKERTA: STATUS QUAESTIONIS Summary: This paper gives an overview of all major identifications of the site of Tigranokerta, the fa- mous foundation of the Armenian king, Tigranes II (the Great, ca. 95‒55 BCE). Firstly, the paper pre- sents ancient literary evidence; secondly, it discusses all major locations of Tigranokerta suggested to date (Siirt, Silvan, Arzan, Diyarbakιr, Tell Abad, and Kιzιltepe); and finally it reaches its own conclu- sions. It appears that in the current state of research, it is Arzan which is the most likely candidate for the site of Tigranes II’s new capital. The paper also engages with the latest archaeological excavations in the Nagorno-Karabakh Republic, and takes issue with the identification of the site near Shahbulagh as the foundation of Tigranes the Great. Key words: Tigranokerta, Armenia, Parthia, Tigranes the Great, Mesopotamia, Arzan, Strabo, Tacitus INTRODUCTION As late as 1903, the eminent British historian Bernard W. Henderson called the iden- tification of Tigranokerta “the time-worn controversy”.1 However, since Henderson used those words, much has been written about the location of Tigranokerta, the famous foundation of perhaps the greatest Armenian king ever, Tigranes II (ca. 95–55 BCE), also known as Tigranes the Great.2 Many scholars have concluded that without proper This paper is part of my research project financed by the National Science Centre in Poland (UMO-2011/03/N/HS3/01159). The project (devoted to three regna minora of Northern Mesopotamia – So- phene, Gordyene and Adiabene) is being conducted at the University of Rzeszów under the supervision of Prof. -
Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-01205-9 — Syrian Identity in the Greco-Roman World Nathanael J
Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-01205-9 — Syrian Identity in the Greco-Roman World Nathanael J. Andrade Index More Information Index Maccabees, , , , Armenian tiara and Persian dress, Maccabees, , , , , as Roman citizen, Commagene as hearth, Abgar X (c. –), , , compared with Herod I, Abgarid dynasty of Edessa, culture and cult sustained by gods, Abidsautas, Aurelios (Beth Phouraia), , dexiosis, , , Galatians, , Achaemenid Persians, , , , , , , , Greek and Persian divinities, , , , , Greek, Persian, and Armenian ancestry, , Acts of the Apostles, Aelia Capitolina (Jerusalem), , , hierothesion at Nemrud Dag,˘ , , Agrippa, Marcus Vipsanius, , hybridity, , , Akkadian cuneiform, , , , , , , Nemrud DagasDelphi,˘ Alexander III of Macedon (the Great) (– organizes regional community, , , bce), , , , , , , , , , priests in Persian clothing, , , , , , , sacred writing of, Alexander of Aboniteichos (false prophet), , statues of himself, ancesters, and gods, successors patronize poleis, Alexander, Markos Aurelios of Markopolis, trends of his reign, , Anath/Anathenes, , , , , , , Tych¯e, , Antiochus I, Seleucid (– bce), , , Antioch among the Jerusalemites (Jerusalem), Antiochus II, Seleucid (– bce), , , , , , , , , , Antiochus III, Seleucid (– bce), , , Antioch at Daphne, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , Antiochus IV of Commagene (– ce), , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , Antiochus IV, Seleucid (– bce), , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , bilingual/multilingual Alexander, , , , , , , , , -
Durham E-Theses
Durham E-Theses A study of the client kings in the early Roman period Everatt, J. D. How to cite: Everatt, J. D. (1972) A study of the client kings in the early Roman period, Durham theses, Durham University. Available at Durham E-Theses Online: http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/10140/ Use policy The full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that: • a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in Durham E-Theses • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. Please consult the full Durham E-Theses policy for further details. Academic Support Oce, Durham University, University Oce, Old Elvet, Durham DH1 3HP e-mail: [email protected] Tel: +44 0191 334 6107 http://etheses.dur.ac.uk .UNIVERSITY OF DURHAM Department of Classics .A STUDY OF THE CLIENT KINSS IN THE EARLY ROMAN EMPIRE J_. D. EVERATT M.A. Thesis, 1972. M.A. Thesis Abstract. J. D. Everatt, B.A. Hatfield College. A Study of the Client Kings in the early Roman Empire When the city-state of Rome began to exert her influence throughout the Mediterranean, the ruling classes developed friendships and alliances with the rulers of the various kingdoms with whom contact was made. -
Confrontation in Karabakh: on the Origin of the Albanian Arsacids Dynasty
Voice of the Publisher, 2021, 7, 32-43 https://www.scirp.org/journal/vp ISSN Online: 2380-7598 ISSN Print: 2380-7571 To Whom Belongs the Land? Confrontation in Karabakh: On the Origin of the Albanian Arsacids Dynasty Ramin Alizadeh1*, Tahmina Aslanova2, Ilia Brondz3# 1Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences (ANAS), Baku, Azerbaijan 2Department of History of Azerbaijan, History Faculty, Baku State University (BSU), Baku, Azerbaijan 3Norwegian Drug Control and Drug Discovery Institute (NDCDDI) AS, Ski, Norway How to cite this paper: Alizadeh, R., As- Abstract lanova, T., & Brondz, I. (2021). To Whom Belongs the Land? Confrontation in Kara- The escalation of the Karabakh conflict during late 2020 and the resumption bakh: On the Origin of the Albanian Arsa- of the second Karabakh War—as a result of the provocative actions by the cids Dynasty. Voice of the Publisher, 7, Armenian government and its puppet regime, the so-called “Artsakh Repub- 32-43. lic”—have aroused the renewed interest of the scientific community in the https://doi.org/10.4236/vp.2021.71003 historical origins of the territory over which Azerbaijan and Armenia have Received: December 6, 2020 been fighting for many years. There is no consensus among scientific experts Accepted: March 9, 2021 on this conflict’s causes or even its course, and the factual details and their Published: March 12, 2021 interpretation remain under discussion. However, there are six resolutions by Copyright © 2021 by author(s) and the United Nations Security Council that recognize the disputed territories as Scientific Research Publishing Inc. Azerbaijan’s national territory. This paper presents the historical, linguistic, This work is licensed under the Creative and juridical facts that support the claim of Azerbaijan to these territories. -
Look Back Through the Millennia and You'll Find Women in Power Even in Humanity's Earliest Days. Here's a Look at Seven Po
LHOSSINE/CREATIVE COMMONS NATIONAL PALACE MUSEUM / PUBLIC DOMAIN CREATIVE COMMONS GUSTAVO JERONIMO/CREATIVE COMMONS GEVORK NAZARYAN/CREATIVE COMMONS INDIA POST Look back through the millennia and you’ll find women Women in power even in humanity’s earliest days. Here’s a look at seven powerful queens and in their accomplishments. PUBLIC DOMAIN History WOMEN IN HISTORY | AFRICAN LEGEND Dihya, Berber Warrior Queen Dihya was born into the Jarawa Zenata tribe in the 7th century and eventually ruled a free Berber state in north Africa that stretched from the Aures Mountains to the oasis of Gadames. She is usually described as very tall with a lot of hair, which may mean she wore her hair long and in dread- locks. The Ancient History Encyclopedia says she was a black, African queen who dressed as royals of ancient Numidia in a loose tunic or robe, sometimes belted, with sandals. FIGHTING THE ARABS Dihya was also referred to in Arabic sources as al Kahina, meaning the soothsayer, because of her alleged ability to foresee the future. She fought off the armies of the Umayyad Dynasty, led by Hasan bin al-Nu’man, who marched from Egypt and met her near Meskiana in 698 (modern day Algeria). It’s said she beat him so badly that he fled to Libya for five years. However, Hasan eventually returned and, helped by a captured officer, defeated Dihya near Tabarka in modern Tunisia near the Algerian border. History dis- agrees on whether she died a warrior’s death in battle or took poison to prevent capture, but it likely occurred in the late 690s or early 700s.