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CRUSTACEA: DECAPODA: HIPPOLYTIDAE) from JAPANESE WATERS Tomoyuki Komai Abstract

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CRUSTACEA: DECAPODA: HIPPOLYTIDAE) from JAPANESE WATERS Tomoyuki Komai Abstract 20 September 1993 PROC. BIOL. SOC. WASH. 106(3), 1993, pp. 545-553 TWO NEW RECORDS OF THE GENUS HEPTACARPUS (CRUSTACEA: DECAPODA: HIPPOLYTIDAE) FROM JAPANESE WATERS Tomoyuki Komai Abstract. — Two species of the hippolytid genus Heptacarpus, H. maxillipes (Rathbun, 1902) and H. moseri (Rathbun, 1902), both of which have been known mainly from the eastern Pacific Ocean including the Bering Sea, are recorded from Japan for the first time on the basis of specimens collected from the Pacific coast of northern Japan. The identification was confirmed by com- parison with American specimens. For each species, a synonymy and detailed description, including the color pattern of fresh material, are given. The hippolytid genus Heptacarpus Heptacarpus maxillipes. — Holthuis, 1947: Holmes now contains 33 species, which are 12 (list).-Birshtein & Zarenkov, 1970: all restricted to the North Pacific Ocean. 420.-Hayashi, 1979:12, tab. 1.-Hay- Hayashi (1992) reported 11 species from ashi, 1992:110, tab. 32. Japan and its adjacent waters, all from lit- toral or sublittoral zones. Material examined. — HUMZ-C 936, East Recent collections from the Pacific coast of Cape Erimo, 42°02.3'N, 144°07.9'E, 915- of northern Japan revealed the presence of 970 m, 6 Sep 1989, otter trawl (T/S Oshoro- two bathyal species of Heptacarpus, H. Maru), 1 female (5.5 mm CL), coll. T. Ko- maxillipes (Rathbun, 1902) and H. moseri mai; HUMZ-C 1003, offFukushima Pref., (Rathbun, 1902). These two species have 37°07.5'N, 142°41.2'E, 412 m, 1 Jun 1989, been reported from the eastern Pacific in- otter trawl (R/V Tanshu-Maru), 2 females cluding the Bering Sea (Rathbun 1902, 1904; (6.8 mm CL), coll. O. Yamamura. Butler 1980), and H. maxillipes has been Comparative material— USNM 183004, reported near Kurile Islands (Birshtein & Aleutian Islands, 2 males (5.1, 5.2 mm CL), Zarenkov 1970). Since descriptions of these 1 female (7.0 mm CL). two species by the previous authors are in- Description. —Integument thin, smooth. adequate, I describe them herein in detail. Rostrum (Fig. 2A) slightly curved upward, reaching or slightly overreaching distal end The following abbreviations are used in of antennular peduncle, 0.86-0.89 times as the text: CL, postorbital carapace length; long as carapace, with ventral blade rather HUMZ, Laboratory of Marine Zoology, deep and dorsal blade poorly developed; lat- Faculty of Fisheries, Hokkaido University; eral carina axis-like, sharply ridged proxi- USNM, National Museum of Natural His- mally; apex sharply pointed; dorsal margin tory, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, with 6 teeth over entire length, including 2 D.C. on carapace posterior to orbital margin, posteriormost tooth situated at anterior lA Heptacarpus maxillipes (Rathbun, 1902) of carapace; ventral margin convex, with 4 Figs. 1A, 2, 3 small teeth on distal %. Carapace (Figs. 1 A, Spirontocaris maxillipes Rathbun, 1902: 2A, B) with suborbital lobe rounded from 898.-Rathbun, 1904:92, fig. 40. dorsal aspect, falling far short of antennal 546 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON Fig. 1. A, Heptacarpus maxillipes (Rathbun, 1902), HUMZ-C 1003, female, 6.8 mm CL, entire animal; B, Heptacarpus moseri (Rathbun, 1902), HUMZ-C 1056, female, 9.6 mm CL, entire animal. tooth; pterygostomian tooth small; postros- Cornea (Fig. 2A, B) fairly large, strongly tral median carina becoming obscure just dilated, without ocellus. behind posteriormost median tooth. Antennule (Fig. 2A, B) with peduncle Abdominal somites (Figs. 1A, 2C) with- reaching at least to distal of scaphocerite, out carinae or dorsal teeth, not strongly ge- proximal segment longer than distal 2 seg- niculate. Pleuron of fourth somite with weak ments combined, without teeth on distal tooth at posteroventral angle. Sixth somite margin; stylocerite sharp, falling slightly 0.7 times as long as carapace and 2.1-2.9 short of distal margin of proximal segment; times as long as proximal depth. Telson (Fig. intermediate segment longer than wide, with 2D) 0.9 times as long as carapace, 3.4 times strong dorsolateral tooth; distal segment also as long as proximal width, lateral margins longer than wide, with dorsodistal tooth. of anterior xk subparallel, remaining % ta- Outer flagellum with proximal aestetascs pering to convex posterior margin; dorsal bearing portion composed of 10 or 11 thick- surface slightly convex, armed with 3 pairs ened articles. Inner flagellum slender, slight- of dorsolateral spines and 3 pairs on pos- ly longer than outer flagellum. terior margin. Antenna (Fig. 2A, B) with carpocerite VOLUME 106, NUMBER 3 547 Fig. 2. Heptacarpus maxillipes (Rathbun, 1902). HUMZ-C 936, female, 5.5 mm CL. A, anterior carapace, rostrum, and cephalic appendages in left aspect; B, same in dorsal aspect; C, posterior three abdominal somites in left aspect; D, telson in dorsal aspect; E, left third maxilliped; F, left first pereopod; G, same, chela in extensor aspect; H, left second pereopod; I, same, chela in extensor aspect; J, left third pereopod; K, same, dactylus in lateral aspect. 548 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON 0.5 mm Fig. 3 Heptacarpus maxillipes (Rathbun, 1902). USNM 183004, male, 5.2 mm CL. A, anterior carapace, rostrum, and cephalic appendages in lateral aspect, eye removed; B, endopod of first pleopod in dorsal aspect; C, appendix interna and appendix masculina of second pleopod in dorsomesial aspect. reaching distal % of scaphocerite. Scapho- propodus; dactylus (Fig. 2K) 0.2 times as cerite 0.80-0.82 times as long as carapace, long as propodus, bifid terminally, with 5 3.2 times as long as wide; lateral margin or 6 accessory spinules over entire length almost straight, distolateral tooth falling of flexor margin; propodus with 2 rows of somewhat short of blade. spinules on flexor margin; carpus 0.47 times Mouthparts typical of genus. Third max- as long as propodus; merus with 3 lateral illiped (Fig. 2E) long and relatively thin, spines in distal half. Fourth pereopod over- overreaching scaphocerite by length of dis- reaching scaphocerite by length of dactylus tal % of ultimate segment; ultimate segment and distal % of propodus; merus with 1 or 3.3 times as long as carpus, mesial surface 2 lateral spines in distal xk. Fifth pereopod with numerous clusters of stiff setae, and overreaching scaphocerite by length of dac- tipped with 5 or 6 corneous spines; coxa tylus and distal half of propodus; merus with with epipod; exopod absent. 1 subterminal spine. Pereopods without epipods. First pereo- First pleopod with endopod convention- pod (Fig. 2F) fairly stout, overreaching dis- al. Uropod (Fig. 1A) with endopod slightly tal end of scaphocerite by length of distal xh overreaching tip of telson; exopod slightly of chela; dactylus (Fig. 2G) 0.7 times as long longer than endopod, lateral margin nearly as palm; palm 2.7 times as long as wide; straight. carpus about half length of chela; merus 6.1 Coloration.— In fresh condition, entire times as deep as long, unarmed. Second pe- animal transparent with red dots over entire reopod (Fig. 2H) somewhat longer than first body, devoid of distinct band or pattern. pereopod, slender, overreaching scaphocer- Distal spines of third maxilliped, tip of fin- ite by length of chela and distal three articles gers of first chela and tip of dactylus of last of carpus; dactylus and fixed finger (Fig. 21) three pairs of pereopods dark brown. thickly setose distally, dactylus about half Biological note.— The three specimens length of palm; carpus composed of 7 ar- examined were collected from muddy bot- ticles, second and third articles 1.6 times tom of the continental slope at a depth rang- and 2.3 times as long as first article respec- ing from 412 to 970 m. The female speci- tively. Third to fifth pereopods relatively mens collected off Fukushima have well- long, almost similar morphologically. Third developed ovaries which are visible through pereopod (Fig. 2J) overreaching scaphoce- the carapace. rite by length of dactylus and almost all of Remarks. — Birshtein & Zarenkov (1970) VOLUME 106, NUMBER 3 549 recorded for the first time Heptacarpus lates (Stimpson, 1860), and H. pandaloides maxillipes from the Western Pacific (off Ku- (Stimpson, 1860), have been assigned to this rile Islands), but they did not give descrip- group (Hayashi 1979, 1992). Heptacarpus tion or figures of their specimens. I com- maxillipes, however, is distinguished im- pared the present three female specimens mediately from them by the moderately with one female and two male specimens stout body, the rostrum shorter than the from the Aleutian Islands deposited at the carapace, the eye lacking an ocellus, the USNM, and I could not find any significant scaphocerite distinctly shorter than the car- differences between the Japanese and Aleu- apace, and the long pereopods. tian specimens. Rathbun (1904) gave the In addition, Wicksten (1990) presented a proportional length of scaphocerite to the key to the hippolytid shrimp of the Eastern carapace as "about two-thirds," but the ra- Pacific Ocean, but she omitted H. maxil- tio varies considerably, 0.63-0.81 in the lipes. Heptacarpus maxillipes is inserted into Aleutian specimens, and 0.80-0.82 in the Wicksten's key as follows: Japanese specimens. Further, Rathbun (1902, 1904) described the proportional 56. Scaphocerite shorter than cara- length of rostrum to the carapace as "about pace 56a four-fifths," but the ratio of the Aleutian Scaphocerite as long as or longer specimens examined here is 0.88 in the fe- than carapace 57 male and 0.63 and 0.69 in two males; the 56a. Rostrum longer than carapace; ratios of the two Japanese specimens in telson shorter than sixth abdom- which the rostra are intact are 0.89 and 0.94 inal somite; third maxilliped not respectively. The apparently short rostrum overreaching scaphocerite in the male (Fig.
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