THE RECENT GENERA OF THE CARIDEAN AND STENOPODIDEAN SHRIMPS (CRUSTACEA, DECAPODA) WITH AN APPENDIX ON THE ORDER AMPHIONIDACEA L.B. Holthuis • * * THE RECENT GENERA OF THE CARIDEAN AND STENOPODIDEAN SHRIMPS (CRUSTACEA, DECAPODA) WITH AN APPENDIX ON THE ORDER AMPHIONIDACEA L.B. Holthuis Editors: C.H.J.M. Fransen & C. van Achterberg Cover-design: F.J.A. Driessen Printing: Ridderprint Offsetdrukkerij B.V., Postbus 334, 2950 AH Alblasserdam Colour printing: Peters, Alblasserdam CIP-GEGEVENS KONINKLIJKE BIBLIOTHEEK, DEN HAAG Holthuis, L.B. The recent genera of the Caridean and Stenopodidean shrimps (Crustacea, Decapoda): with an appendix on the order Amphionidacea / L.B. Holthuis; [ed. C.H.J.M. Fransen & C. van Achterberg]. - Leiden: Nationaal Natuurhistorisch Museum. - Ill. With index. ISBN 90-73239-21-4 Subject headings: shrimps / Crustacea / Decapoda. The figure on the front cover shows one of the earliest published illustrations of a shrimp, namely one of the "Squillae, gibbae minores" described in "De Aquatilibus, libri duo", a work published in 1553 by Petrus Bellonius (= Pierre Belon). The figure is found on p. 358 and represents most likely Palaemon seratus (Pennant, 1777). RECENT GENERA OF CARIDEAN AND STENOPODIDEAN SHRIMPS 5 Contents Introduction. ,.6 Acknowledgements. 10 Suborder Natantia . 10 Infraorder Caridea. 13 Superfamily Procaridoidea. 21 Family Procarididae. 21 Superfamily Pasiphaeoidea. 22 Family Pasiphaeidae. 23 Superfamily Oplophoroidea . 30 Family Oplophoridae . 30 Superfamily Atyoidea. 40 Family Atyidae . 40 Subfamily Atyinae... 41 Subfamily Caridellinae . 48 Subfamily Paratyinae. 58 Subfamily Typhlatyinae. 65 Superfamily Bresilioidea. 68 Family Bresiliidae. 69 Superfamily Nematocarcinoidea. 76 Family Eugonatonotidae. ,77 Family Nematocarcinidae . .78 Family Rhynchocinetidae. .81 Family Xiphocarididae. .83 Superfamily Psalidopodoidea .. .83 Family Psalidopodidae. .84 Superfamily Stylodactyloidea. .84 Family Stylodactylidae. .85 Superfamily Campylonotoidea . .86 Family Bathypalaemonellidae. .87 Family Campylonotidae. .89 Superfamily Palaemonoidea. .90 Family Anchistioididae . .91 Family Desmocarididae .. .92 Family Gnathophyllidae . .92 Family Hymenoceridae. 98 Family Palaemonidae . .99 Subfamily Palaemoninae. ..99 Subfamily Pontoniinae. 117 Family Typhlocarididae. 182 Subfamily Euryrhynchinae . 183 Subfamily Typhlocaridinae . 186 Superfamily Alpheoidea. 186 Family Alpheidae... 187 Family Hippolytidae. 217 Family Ogyrididae . 256 Superfamily Processoidea . 257 Family Processsidae. 257 Superfamily Pandaloidea . 261 Family Pandalidae. 261 Family Thalassocarididae . ,279 Superfamily Physetocaridoidea. ,281 Family Physetocarididae. .281 Superfamily Crangonoidea . .281 Family Crangonidae . .282 Family Glyphocrangonidae . .303 Genera dubia Carideorum . .304 6 L.B. HOLTHUIS: Infraorder Stenopodidea . 307 Family Spongicolidae . 308 Family Stenopodidae. 312 Appendix. Order Amphionidacea. 316 Publications of the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature mentioned in the text 318 Index. 320 Introduction The original edition of the present paper was published in 1955 (Zoologische Verhandelingen, Leiden, no. 26). Since that time many new genera and higher cate¬ gories were described within the Caridea and Stenopodidea, and the original paper, out of print for a considerable time, also became badly out of date. Therefore, it was decided to issue this second edition with the list of genera updated, with the infor¬ mation overlooked in the first edition added, and the errors corrected. The original project was started in 1953 with the primary object of producing a key to the genera of the infraorders Caridea and Stenopodidea of the suborder Natantia Boas, 1880, a group consisting of animals commonly known as shrimps and prawns, which forms part of the order Decapoda Latreille, 1802. Later it was felt that the paper would be of more use to zoologists, if also the synonymies and other parti¬ culars of the genera were given. So gradually the paper has become mainly a list of the genera of the Caridea and Stenopodidea, while the keys to these genera are of secondary importance. Fossil genera are not included in the present list. Nomina nuda also are omitted if they could not definitely be assigned to known genera. A list of the dubious genera is given on p. 304. The Amphionididae, treated in the first edition as Caridea of uncer¬ tain status, in 1973 were elevated by Williamson (1973, Crustaceana, 25: 35-50) to the rank of a separate order, Amphionidacea, next to the order Decapoda. Williamson's views are accepted here, and the Amphionidacea are removed from the Caridea, and treated separately in an Appendix. In the previous edition the Decapoda were considered to consist of three subor¬ ders (Macrura, Anomura and Brachyura), following the classification adopted by Bouvier (1917, Resultats Campagnes scientifiques Monaco, 50). The suborder Macrura was then divided into two groups: the Natantia and the Macrura Reptantia. In the present account the Natantia and Macrura Reptantia are considered full suborders of equal rank with the Anomura and Brachyura. I know that this classification will gen¬ erally be considered old-fashioned: in several modern handbooks the suborder Natantia has been abandoned altogether; a small part of it, namely the Penaeoidea is elevated to the rank of a separate suborder Dendrobranchiata, while the rest of the Natantia plus the Macrura Reptantia, plus the Anomura, plus the Brachyura, are placed in a single suborder Pleocyemata. This to me seems a very artificial and unsat¬ isfactory arrangement, and I therefore still keep to the old classification. For the pur¬ poses of the present publication this makes little difference, as the infraorders Caridea and Stenopodidea are recognized in both systems. In the following text all genera of Caridea and Stenopodidea known to me are enumerated. Of each the valid name and its synonyms are listed. Emendations of these names (i. e., demonstrably intentional spelling changes; the intent of the change RECENT GENERA OF CARIDEAN AND STENOPODIDEAN SHRIMPS 7 must be clearly stated in the original publication), being available names (Inter¬ national Code of Zoological Nomenclature, Art. 19), are treated as synonyms. On the other hand, incorrect spellings (see International Code, Art. 19 and Glossary) are unavailable names and have no status nomenclaturally. They are printed here in small type and listed (with their original reference) immediately following the correctly spelled name. These erroneous spellings are mentioned in the present publication to show their unavailable status, as some have been used over long periods (e.g., Hoplo- phorus for Oplophorus). I do have to admit that this collecting of erroneous spellings became something like a hobby. A hobby, however, which shockingly shows how careless some authors are in the use of scientific names. It is true, however, that not all errors can be blamed on the authors, as shown by the following peculiar example: in the case the erroneous spelling Peltesamonae for Palaemonetes, it seems likely that someone without access to the manuscript (type setter's help, errand boy?) dropped the type (which at that time was hand-set from separate letters) and put the letters back in a haphazard way, without mentioning this mishap and evidently without being caught in time. Of all generic names the original publication is cited. Of each genus is mentioned the type species, the method in which the type is fixed, and the gender of the name. If relevant, the nomenclatural status of the name is discussed, e.g., when the names are suppressed under the plenary power of the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature, or placed by the Commission on the Official List of Generic Names in Zoology, or on the Official Index of Rejected and Invalid Generic Names in Zoology. The number of the Opinion (or Direction) in which these decisions by the Commis¬ sion were made known is indicated with the year in which the Opinion or Direction was published. More details about these Opinions and Directions can be found in the bibliography (p. 318, under Opinion, or Direction) as well as in "Official Lists and Indexes of Names and Works in Zoology" edited by R.V. Melville and J.D.D. Smith and published in 1987 by the International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature (c/o The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, U.K.). Etymology. An attempt has been made to provide the etymological derivation of each generic name. This, of course, is easy when such an explanation of the name is given by the original author in the original, or a subsequent publication (such cases are marked here with "(e)" after the word Etymology), or in a personal communica¬ tion (marked "(e')" here). In the other cases (marked "(i)") the meaning of the name is inferred. The abbreviations Gr. and L. are used to indicate whether a word is Greek or Latin. Where appropriate, the derivation given in the original publication is quot¬ ed verbatim from the original description. In quotations from later sources, a refer¬ ence to these sources is given. In studying the meaning of the scientific names, the work by Ronald W. Brown (1956) "Composition of Scientific Words"(second edition) proved invaluable, actually without it I would never have set out on this task. As an aid to the identification of the genera, a figure of each, preferably of the type species, is provided. Most figures are taken from existing publications; the few originals are always indicated