Cabo Verde and Drying of Agricultural Products
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c MARKET REPORT ON SOLAR THERMAL WATER HEATING CABO VERDE AND DRYING OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS UNIVERSITY OF CABO VERDE UNICV SOLtrain West Africa A program managed by ECOWAS Centre for Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency IMPRINT Cabo Verde Market Report on Solar Thermal Water Cabo Verde - October 2015 AUTHORS Antúnio Barbosa, Auxiliar Professor (Energy Studies) Department of Engineering and Marine Science, University of Cabo Verde, Cabo Verde e-mail: [email protected] PROGRAM RESPONSIBILITY This study is part of the Program SOLtrain West Africa www.ecreee.org Mr. Hannes Bauer, Program Manager Ms. Adeola Adebiyi, Program Assistant TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE Mr. Werner Weiss, Mr. Rudi Moschik Mr. Xavier Cholin, Mr. Philippe Papillon FUNDED BY Economic Community of West African States - ECOWAS United Nations Industrial Development Organization Solar Thermal Market Report Cape Verde 2 Table of Content 1 GENERAL ENERGY BACKGROUND ........................................................ 7 2 SHARE OF RENEWABLES ..................................................................... 8 3 SOLAR THERMAL HEATING MARKET .................................................. 12 3.1 Installed capacity ......................................................................... 12 3.2 Estimation of area and installed power ......................................... 13 3.2.1 Technical details of major solar water heaters systems sold in Cape Verde…………….. .................................................................................13 3.2.2 Systems in operation .................................................................14 3.2.3 Collector types used ..................................................................22 3.2.4 Imported systems .....................................................................22 3.2.5 Local production .......................................................................23 3.3 Main Applications ......................................................................... 23 3.3.1 Domestic house and private use of hot water ...............................23 3.3.2 Hotels, hostels, residential housing and accommodation facilities ....24 3.3.3 Real Estate Enterprises ..............................................................25 3.3.4 Public Institutions, hospitals, medical clinics, school, etc. ...............26 3.3.5 Industrial Applications of Solar Hot Water. ...................................26 3.3.6 Conclusion of Main Application of Solar Hot Water .........................27 3.4 Cost .............................................................................................. 28 3.5 Customers .................................................................................... 29 3.6 Companies involved ...................................................................... 29 3.6.1 Companies involved in the production or assembling of solar thermal systems ...........................................................................................29 3.6.2 Companies involved in import of solar thermal systems .................29 3.6.3 Companies involved in the installation of solar thermal systems ......29 4 POLITICAL SUPPORT MECHANISMS .................................................. 30 5 TEST- AND RESEARCH INSTITUTES ................................................... 31 6 SOLAR DRYING MARKET ................................................................... 32 6.1 Systems in operation .................................................................... 32 6.2 Main Applications ......................................................................... 33 6.3 Cost .............................................................................................. 34 6.4 Customers .................................................................................... 34 6.5 Companies involved ...................................................................... 34 6.5.1 Companies involved in the production or assembling of solar drying systems ...........................................................................................34 6.5.2 Companies involved in import of solar drying systems ...................34 6.5.3 Companies involved in the installation of solar drying systems ........35 6.6 Know-how on solar drying ............................................................ 35 6.7 Awareness and Incentives ............................................................ 35 Solar Thermal Market Report Cape Verde 3 7 SOLAR COOLING ............................................................................... 36 7.1 State of the art of solar cooling in Cape Verde for comfort of buildings ..................................................................................................... 36 7.2 Cost of traditional cooling system of building ............................... 36 8 SOURCES OF INFORMATION ............................................................. 41 9 ATTACHMENT .................................................................................... 42 9.1 Annex1 – Case study of three hotels using solar, butane gas and electricity to meet the head demand................................................. 42 9.1.1 Hotel DOM PACO Mindelo – S. Vicente – CAPE VERDE ....................42 9.1.2 Porto Grande Hotel ....................................................................43 9.1.3 One of the hotel in Sal or Boavista of 500 rooms and rated 5-star ...43 9.1.4 Conclusion ...............................................................................44 Solar Thermal Market Report Cape Verde 4 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1: Map of Cape Verde ................................................................................... 7 Figure 2: Moneywise analysis of imports of solarth collectors versus electrical heaters during a nine year period. .....................................................................................13 Figure 3: 150 liters thermo syphon indirect type solar collector mounted in small hotel .14 Figure 4 – DISCOTERM (technical data annexed) 135 liter direct type solar water heater (details in annexes) ..............................................................................................15 Figure 5: Circulated system, indirect type using CPC AO SOL Collector (FOYA BRANCA Hotel, in S. Vicente ...............................................................................................15 Figure 6: 3 x 1,000 liters storage tanks for above system (FOYA BRANCA Hotel, S. Vicente). .............................................................................................................16 Figure 7: DOM PACO Hotel (44 rooms with capacity for 80 guests) – 15 collectors from CPC AO SOL with individual area of 2.51 m2, or 37.65 m2 equivalent to 26.4 kW. The system supplies hot water to rooms, laundry and kitchen services. .............................16 Figure 8: MINDEL Hotel flat plate solar collector (1.7 x 1.2 m) unbranded Italian made .17 Figure 9: MINDEL Hotel, poorly insulated copper piping carrying hot water to storage tank ....................................................................................................................17 Figure 10: MINDEL Hotel – storage tanks and distribution piping uninsulated ...............17 Figure 11: Rotterdam Hotel in Praia – 1 x 180 liter solar SOLARHART collector .............18 Figure 12: 1 x 300 liter SOLARHART system installed at SANTIAGO Hotel in Praia ........19 Figure 13: Partial view of PESTANA TRÓPICO Hotel; collectors are roof mounted ..........19 Figure 14: Two rows of solar collectors at PESTANA TROPICO Hotel ............................20 Figure 15: Well insulated storage tank PESTANA TROPICO HOTEL ..............................20 Figure 16: Temperature controller PESTANA TROPICO HOTEL ....................................21 Figure 17: Thermosyphon system found on single family house of 4 persons with storage of 190 liters. On the 13 of September, 2015 ar 13:50 local time a temperature of 69.2 ⁰C was recorded from the outlet of storage tank. Positioning of the collector is not optmized (>45 dgreees) because of lack of space. .................................................................21 Figure 18: Parameters of collector shown in figure above. Storage tank for this system weights 83 kg (empty) and have capacity for 190 liters. ............................................22 Figure 19: Products dehydrated in solar dryers in Porto Novo on sales at Alternativa Galeria in S. Vicente (in addition, quince and apple are also dehydrated as well as tea (leaves and stems). Photo taken at Alternativa Galeria, S. Vicente. ............................32 Figure 20: Fruit dehydrator used by a NGO in S. Vicente to dry fruits (experimental) – photo taken at Mindelo International School of Arts ..................................................33 Figure 21: Solar dryer for home use (fruit drying) – photo provided by owner of dryer (Ms. M.M. Estrela) ................................................................................................33 Solar Thermal Market Report Cape Verde 5 Figure 22: Common agricultural products dried in Cape Verde (aromatic herbs and hot pepper). Photo taken Municipla Market in S. Vicente. ................................................34 Figure 23: VIP PRAIA Hotel 79 rooms fitted with electrical hot water heaters, innumerous compression type AC units and all façades (west, south, etc.) made of glass. ..............36 Figure 24: Passenger Maritime Station of Porto Novo, Santo Antão – south and west façade glassed.