Materials and Welding
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Rules for Materials and Welding Part 2 July 2021 RULES FOR MATERIALS AND WELDING JULY 2021 PART 2 American Bureau of Shipping Incorporated by Act of Legislature of the State of New York 1862 © 2021 American Bureau of Shipping. All rights reserved. ABS Plaza 1701 City Plaza Drive Spring, TX 77389 USA PART 2 Foreword (1 July 2021) For the 1996 edition, the “Rules for Building and Classing Steel Vessels – Part 2: Materials and Welding” was re-titled “Rule Requirements for Materials and Welding (Part 2).” The purpose of this generic title was to emphasize the common applicability of the material and welding requirements in “Part 2” to ABS classed vessels, other marine structures and their associated machinery, and thereby make “Part 2” more readily a common “Part” of the various ABS Rules and Guides, as appropriate. Accordingly, the subject booklet, Rules for Materials and Welding (Part 2), is to be considered, for example, as being applicable and comprising a “Part” of the following ABS Rules and Guides: ● Rules for Building and Classing Marine Vessels ● Rules for Building and Classing Steel Vessels for Service on Rivers and Intracoastal Waterways ● Rules for Building and Classing Mobile Offshore Units ● Rules for Building and Classing Steel Barges ● Rules for Building and Classing High-Speed Craft ● Rules for Building and Classing Floating Production Installations ● Rules for Building and Classing Light Warships, Patrol and High-Speed Naval Vessels ● Guide for Building and Classing Liftboats ● Guide for Building and Classing International Naval Ships ● Guide for Building and Classing Yachts In the 2002 edition, Section 4, “Piping” was added to Part 2, Chapter 4, “Welding and Fabrication”. This Section is applicable only to piping to be installed on vessels to be built in accordance with the ABS Rules for Building and Classing Marine Vessels, or the ABS Rules for Building and Classing Light Warships, Patrol and High-Speed Naval Vessels. In the 2004 edition, Part 2 was reorganized to incorporate the new divisions “Rules for Testing and Certification of Materials,” comprised of Chapters 1, 2 and 3 and Appendices 1, 4, 5, 6 and 7, and “Rules for Welding and Fabrication,” comprised of Chapter 4 and Appendices 2 and 3. This reorganization was purely an editorial change intended to clarify the requirements for the materials themselves and for construction, respectively, and does not contain any technical changes. In the 2018 edition, Part 2 was consolidated to include both the ABS Rules for Materials and Welding (Part 2) and the ABS Rules for Materials and Welding (Part 2) – Aluminum and Fiber Reinforced Plastics (FRP). ABS RULES FOR MATERIALS AND WELDING • 2021 ii PART 2 Materials and Welding CONTENTS CHAPTER 1 Materials for Hull Construction.......................................................... 1 Section 1 General Requirements.......................................................9 Section 2 Ordinary-strength Hull Structural Steel ........................... 28 Section 3 Higher-strength Hull Structural Steel .............................. 39 Section 4 Low Temperature Materials............................................. 48 Section 5 Hull Steel Castings.......................................................... 50 Section 6 Hull Steel Forgings.......................................................... 56 Section 7 Ordinary and Higher Strength Steels with Enhanced Corrosion Resistance Properties for Cargo Oil Tanks (2014).............................................................................. 62 Section 8 Extra High Strength Steel (2018).....................................68 CHAPTER 2 Equipment.......................................................................................... 79 Section 1 Anchors ...........................................................................83 Section 2 Anchor Chain .................................................................. 97 Section 3 Rolled Steel Bars for Chain, Cast and Forged Materials for Accessories and Materials for Studs ........116 CHAPTER 3 Materials for Machinery, Boilers, Pressure Vessels, and Piping.121 Section 1 General Requirements...................................................138 Section 2 Steel Plates for Machinery, Boilers and Pressure Vessels.......................................................................... 149 Section 3 Seamless Forged-steel Drums...................................... 159 Section 4 Seamless-steel Pressure Vessels................................. 160 Section 5 Boiler and Superheater Tubes.......................................161 Section 6 Boiler Rivet and Staybolt Steel and Rivets.................... 176 Section 7 Steel Machinery Forgings.............................................. 178 Section 8 Hot-rolled Steel Bars for Machinery...............................213 Section 9 Steel Castings for Machinery, Boilers and Pressure Vessels.......................................................................... 214 Section 10 Ductile (Nodular) Iron Castings (2006) ......................... 220 Section 11 Gray-iron Castings (2006)............................................. 229 ABS RULES FOR MATERIALS AND WELDING • 2021 iii Section 12 Steel Piping....................................................................235 Section 13 Piping, Valves and Fittings for Low-temperature Service[ Below -18°C (0°F) ] ........................................ 254 Section 14 Bronze Castings............................................................ 257 Section 15 Austenitic Stainless Steel Propeller Castings................ 262 Section 16 Seamless Copper Piping (1998)....................................265 Section 17 Seamless Red-brass Piping.......................................... 269 Section 18 Seamless Copper Tube (1998)......................................272 Section 19 Condenser and Heat Exchanger Tube (1998)...............276 Section 20 Copper-Nickel Tube and Pipe (1998)............................ 283 Section 21 Monel Pipe and Tube (1999)......................................... 290 CHAPTER 4 Welding and Fabrication................................................................. 298 Section 1 Hull Construction........................................................... 306 Appendix 1 - Welding In Way of Water Backing............ 314 Section 2 Boilers, Unfired Pressure Vessels, Piping and Engineering Structures*.................................................319 Section 3 Weld Tests..................................................................... 344 Section 4 Piping.............................................................................369 Section 5 Aluminum Welding in Hull Construction (2018)............. 377 CHAPTER 5 Materials for Hull Construction – Aluminum.................................409 Section 1 General..........................................................................414 Section 2 Standard Test Methods..................................................418 Section 3 Chemical Composition...................................................419 Section 4 Heat Treatment..............................................................421 Section 5 Tensile Properties.......................................................... 422 Section 6 Corrosion Testing...........................................................434 Section 7 Sheet, Plate and Rolled Products..................................436 Section 8 Extrusions...................................................................... 438 Section 9 Forgings.........................................................................441 Section 10 Castings.........................................................................443 Section 11 Rivets.............................................................................445 Appendix 1 Aluminum/Steel Bi-material Transition Joints (2015).....446 Appendix 2 Dissimilar Materials (2015)............................................ 453 Appendix 3 List of Destructive and Nondestructive Tests Required for Materials and Responsibility for Verifying (2017)..............................................................454 CHAPTER 6 Materials for Hull Construction – Fiber Reinforced Plastics (FRP)................................................................................................. 456 Section 1 General..........................................................................461 Section 2 Fabrication..................................................................... 468 Section 3 Building Process Description......................................... 470 ABS RULES FOR MATERIALS AND WELDING • 2021 iv Section 4 Quality Control............................................................... 481 Section 5 Testing........................................................................... 488 Section 6 Repair............................................................................ 490 APPENDIX 1 Tests Required for Materials, and Responsibility for Verifying...504 Section 1 List of Destructive and Nondestructive Tests Required for Materials and Responsibility for Verifying. 505 APPENDIX 2 Requirements for the Approval of Filler Metals............................ 512 Section 1 General..........................................................................517 Section 2 Electrodes for Shielded Metal Arc Welding................... 531 Section 3 Wire-Flux Combinations for Submerged Arc Welding... 538 Section 4 Wire and Wire Gas Combinations for Gas Metal Arc Welding and Flux Cored Wires for Flux Cored Arc Welding..........................................................................547