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9783956501845 Ebook.Pdf Groups, Ideologies and Discourses: Glimpses of the Turkic Speaking World © 2016 Orient-Institut Istanbul ISTANBULER TEXTE UND STUDIEN HERAUSGEGEBEN VOM ORIENT-INSTITUT ISTANBUL BAND 10 © 2016 Orient-Institut Istanbul Groups, Ideologies and Discourses: Glimpses of the Turkic Speaking World edited by Christoph Herzog Barbara Pusch WÜRZBURG 2016 ERGON VERLAG WÜRZBURG IN KOMMISSION © 2016 Orient-Institut Istanbul Umschlaggestaltung: Taline Yozgatian Foto: Barbara Pusch Bibliografische Information der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek Die Deutsche Nationalbibliothek verzeichnet diese Publikation in der Deutschen Nationalbibliografie; detaillierte bibliografische Daten sind im Internet über http://dnb.d-nb.de abrufbar. Bibliographic information published by the Deutsche Nationalbibliothek The Deutsche Nationalbibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Nationalbibliografie; detailed bibliographic data are available in the Internet at http://dnb.d-nb.de. ISBN 978-3-95650-184-5 ISSN 1863-9461 © 2016 Orient-Institut Istanbul (Max Weber Stiftung) Das Werk einschließlich aller seiner Teile ist urheberrechtlich geschützt. Jede Verwertung des Werkes außerhalb des Urheberrechtsgesetzes bedarf der Zustimmung des Orient-Instituts Istanbul. Dies gilt insbesondere für Vervielfältigungen jeder Art, Übersetzungen, Mikro- verfilmung sowie für die Einspeicherung in elektronische Systeme. Gedruckt mit Unter- stützung des Orient-Instituts Istanbul, gegründet von der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft, aus Mitteln des Bundesministeriums für Bildung und Forschung. Ergon-Verlag GmbH Keesburgstr. 11, D-97074 Würzburg © 2016 Orient-Institut Istanbul Contents Christoph Herzog & Barbara Pusch Introductory Note....................................................................................................7 Christoph Herzog The “Clash of Civilizations” in the Post Nine-Eleven Discourse of Turkey.......................................................11 H. Birsen Örs Early Findings of a Field Survey on the Perception of the Army by Non-Muslim Minorities Living in Turkey: The Case of Armenians..........................................................................................37 Ayşegül Komsuoğlu Findings of a Field Survey on Turkey’s Armenians: Notes on Their Political Profile .............................................................................49 Uğur Kömeçoğlu Concordance between Asceticism and Activism: The Numinous Dimension of an Islamic Community Movement.....................61 Barbara Pusch Discourse of Islamic Love in Present Day Turkey ................................................83 İnci Özkan Kerestecioğlu Family as the Micro-Power Domain of the Ottoman-Turkish Modernization.............................................................103 Sevgi Uçan Çubukçu Gender Discourse in Popular Culture: The Case of Television Series in Turkey .............................................................113 Arienne M. Dwyer Bridal Laments in the Turkic World: A Casualty of Modernity?....................................................................................131 © 2016 Orient-Institut Istanbul 6 CONTENTS Feza Tansuğ The Uyghur Diaspora in Central Asia: Social Change, Identity and Music-Making........................................................145 Hanne Straube Pro and Con Manas: The Discourse about the Use of an Epic for a National Ideology in Kyrgyzstan ................................................................155 About the Authors ...............................................................................................167 © 2016 Orient-Institut Istanbul Introductory Note This volume emerged from a conference entitled “Sociabilities in the Turkic speaking world” held 25-27 February 2005 at Bilgi University in Istanbul. The symposium was organized jointly by Claus Schönig (then Orient-Institute Istan- bul) and Arus Yumul (Bilgi University). The original conference title was chosen with a view on the basic importance of collocated group interaction for the re- production of society. However, as the proceedings submitted to this volume mainly deal with groups, ideologies and discourses in Turkey, including some glimpses on other parts of the Turkic speaking world, we decided to amend the title of this volume accordingly. Over the last twenty years Turkey and the Turkic speaking world have under- gone large social, political and economic changes. These changes have influ- enced and created new social groups, ideologies and discourses. This volume aims at reflecting and analyzing some of these changes and developments. The first contribution addresses an aspect pertaining to the political sphere of discourse in the Republic of Turkey. It appears that the nationalist discourse in Turkey during the last few years has taken an increasingly negative stance towards the West in general and the US in particular. Drawing on several recent publica- tions as well as the popular film “Valley of the Wolves” the article by Christoph Herzog (Orient-Institute Istanbul) tries to demonstrate that “the clash of civiliza- tions” as a topic in Turkish discourse is not so much connected to any specific political ideology but rather forms an element of the Turkish nationalist dis- course that seems to reach a broad consensus. Armenians in today's Turkey are the subject of the following two articles by Ayşe Komsuoğlu (University of Istanbul) and H. Birsen Örs (University of Istan- bul), which are based on quantitative as well as qualitative data from common fieldwork in Istanbul. Komsuoğlu analyzes the political profile of the Armenians by exploring their level of interest in politics, their voting behavior and the abil- ity of the Armenian community to participate in collective political action. In a similar vein, the article by Örs deals with the attitude of Armenians to- wards the Turkish army. The two articles, thus, offer rare insights into a group that, while frequently representing the “Other” in much of the public discourse of Turkey, has - perhaps not suprisingly - remained largely ignored and unknown. New forms of Islamic thinking and acting are discussed by Uğur Kömeçoğlu (Bilgi University) and Barbara Pusch (Orient-Institute Istanbul). Uğur Kömeç- oğlu analyzes the concordance between the asceticism and activism of the fol- lowers of Fethullah Gülen community, a huge and well-established Nurcu movement in Turkey. In this context he focuses on the correlation between self- denial and religiosity. Secondly he analyzes the societal level of the community according to the works of the movement’s spiritual leader Fethullah Gülen and © 2016 Orient-Institut Istanbul 8 INTRODUCTORY NOTE underlines his understanding of religion as an expression of the moral expan- sions of the religious collectivity towards wider publics. Barbara Pusch, however, points to another aspect within the Islamic discourse in Turkey. In her analysis of a love manual by Halit Erdoğan, she shows the wide-ranging overlap of moderate Islam/Islamism on the one hand and wide- spread conservative values and standards on the other. Accordingly she argues that the moderate understanding of Islam is not a break but a continuity of Sunni-conservative thought in Turkey. The women’s studies by İnci Özkan Kerestecioğlu (University of Istanbul) and Sevgi Uçan Çubukçu (University of Istanbul) contribute to this volume from the gender perspective. İnci Özkan Kerestecioğlu analyzes family discourse through- out the Ottoman-Turkish modernization process. By comparing the family as a social unit to various social structures and practices, she deconstructs the unques- tioned realm of modernity from a gendered perspective in the Turkish discourse. The changing gender discourse in popular culture since 1990 is the subject of Sevgi Uçan Çubukcu’s contribution. In her analysis of television series she points to heterosexist inequalities and masculine discourse. She argues that the place that gender roles occupy in Turkish television series both construct and de- construct the hierarchical structure of gender roles in the traditional context. The articles by Arienne Dwyer, Hanne Straube and Feza Tansuğ deal with groups, ideologies and discourses in the broader Turkic speaking world. In her article on bridal laments in the Turkic world Arienne Dwyer (University of Kansas), besides presenting a linguistic analysis of one case study, argues that these laments as rituals and stylized expressions of grief are on the losing side of the cultural dynamics of modernity. Having been condemned as “backward” by the socialist governments of both the PRC and the former Soviet Union, Eura- sian laments, in contrast to some other forms of cultural heritage, seem unsuit- able for being rediscovered, reinvented and appropriated for ethnonationalist and other ideologies after the end of dogmatic socialism. Feza Tansug’s (Yeditepe University, Istanbul) article deals with social change, identity and music-making in the Uygur diaspora in Central Asia. After a short overview on Uygur migration to the former USSR, he focuses on the music- making of these migrants by analyzing the overlapping social and cultural pat- terns in the home and host country. In this context he points to music-making as having an important impact on the construction of their cultural identity. In contrast, the article by Hanne Straube (Frankfurt am Main) focuses on a different subject in a different geographical area of Central Asia: In her article she lists the pros and cons of the Manas-epic in Kyrgyzstan. After an introduc-
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