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Augustine on Manichaeism and Charisma
Religions 2012, 3, 808–816; doi:10.3390/rel3030808 OPEN ACCESS religions ISSN 2077-1444 www.mdpi.com/journal/religions Article Augustine on Manichaeism and Charisma Peter Iver Kaufman Jepson School, University of Richmond, Room 245, Jepson Hall, 28 Westhampton Way, Richmond, VA 23173, USA; E-Mail: [email protected] Received: 5 June 2012; in revised form: 28 July 2012 / Accepted: 1 August 2012 / Published: 3 September 2012 Abstract: Augustine was suspicious of charismatics‘ claims to superior righteousness, which supposedly authorized them to relay truths about creation and redemption. What follows finds the origins of that suspicion in his disenchantment with celebrities on whom Manichees relied, specialists whose impeccable behavior and intellectual virtuosity were taken as signs that they possessed insight into the meaning of Christianity‘s sacred texts. Augustine‘s struggles for self-identity and with his faith‘s intelligibility during the late 370s, 380s, and early 390s led him to prefer that his intermediaries between God and humanity be dead (martyred), rather than alive and charismatic. Keywords: arrogance; Augustine; charisma; esotericism; Faustus; Mani; Manichaeism; truth The Manichaean elite or elect adored publicity. Augustine wrote the first of his caustic treatises against them in 387, soon after he had been baptized in Milan and as he was planning passage back to Africa, where he was born, raised, and educated. Baptism marked his devotion to the emerging mainstream Christian orthodoxy and his disenchantment with the Manichees‘ increasingly marginalized Christian sect, in which, for nine or ten years, in North Africa and Italy, he listened to specialists—charismatic leaders and teachers. -
French (08/31/21)
Bulletin 2021-22 French (08/31/21) evolved over time by interpreting related forms of cultural French representation and expression in order to develop an informed critical perspective on a matter of current debate. Contact: Tili Boon Cuillé Prerequisite: In-Perspective course. Phone: 314-935-5175 • In-Depth Courses (L34 French 370s-390s) Email: [email protected] These courses build upon the strong foundation students Website: http://rll.wustl.edu have acquired in In-Perspective courses. Students have the opportunity to take the plunge and explore a topic in the Courses professor’s area of expertise, learning to situate the subject Visit online course listings to view semester offerings for in its historical and cultural context and to moderate their L34 French (https://courses.wustl.edu/CourseInfo.aspx? own views with respect to those of other cultural critics. sch=L&dept=L34&crslvl=1:4). Prerequisite: In-Perspective course. Undergraduate French courses include the following categories: L34 French 1011 Essential French I Workshop Application of the curriculum presented in French 101D. Pass/ • Cultural Expression (French 307D) Fail only. Grade dependent on attendance and participation. Limited to 12 students. Students must be enrolled concurrently in This course enables students to reinforce and refine French 101D. their French written and oral expression while exploring Credit 1 unit. EN: H culturally rich contexts and addressing socially relevant questions. Emphasis is placed on concrete and creative L34 French 101D French Level I: Essential French I description and narration. Prerequisite: L34 French 204 or This course immerses students in the French language and equivalent. Francophone culture from around the world, focusing on rapid acquisition of spoken and written French as well as listening Current topic: Les Banlieues. -
The Political and Military Aspects of Accession of Constantine the Great
Graeco-Latina Brunensia 24 / 2019 / 2 https://doi.org/10.5817/GLB2019-2-2 The Political and Military Aspects of Accession of Constantine the Great Stanislav Doležal (University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice) Abstract The article argues that Constantine the Great, until he was recognized by Galerius, the senior ČLÁNKY / ARTICLES Emperor of the Tetrarchy, was an usurper with no right to the imperial power, nothwithstand- ing his claim that his father, the Emperor Constantius I, conferred upon him the imperial title before he died. Tetrarchic principles, envisaged by Diocletian, were specifically put in place to supersede and override blood kinship. Constantine’s accession to power started as a military coup in which a military unit composed of barbarian soldiers seems to have played an impor- tant role. Keywords Constantine the Great; Roman emperor; usurpation; tetrarchy 19 Stanislav Doležal The Political and Military Aspects of Accession of Constantine the Great On 25 July 306 at York, the Roman Emperor Constantius I died peacefully in his bed. On the same day, a new Emperor was made – his eldest son Constantine who had been present at his father’s deathbed. What exactly happened on that day? Britain, a remote province (actually several provinces)1 on the edge of the Roman Empire, had a tendency to defect from the central government. It produced several usurpers in the past.2 Was Constantine one of them? What gave him the right to be an Emperor in the first place? It can be argued that the political system that was still valid in 306, today known as the Tetrarchy, made any such seizure of power illegal. -
Jordanes and the Invention of Roman-Gothic History Dissertation
Empire of Hope and Tragedy: Jordanes and the Invention of Roman-Gothic History Dissertation Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Brian Swain Graduate Program in History The Ohio State University 2014 Dissertation Committee: Timothy Gregory, Co-advisor Anthony Kaldellis Kristina Sessa, Co-advisor Copyright by Brian Swain 2014 Abstract This dissertation explores the intersection of political and ethnic conflict during the emperor Justinian’s wars of reconquest through the figure and texts of Jordanes, the earliest barbarian voice to survive antiquity. Jordanes was ethnically Gothic - and yet he also claimed a Roman identity. Writing from Constantinople in 551, he penned two Latin histories on the Gothic and Roman pasts respectively. Crucially, Jordanes wrote while Goths and Romans clashed in the imperial war to reclaim the Italian homeland that had been under Gothic rule since 493. That a Roman Goth wrote about Goths while Rome was at war with Goths is significant and has no analogue in the ancient record. I argue that it was precisely this conflict which prompted Jordanes’ historical inquiry. Jordanes, though, has long been considered a mere copyist, and seldom treated as an historian with ideas of his own. And the few scholars who have treated Jordanes as an original author have dampened the significance of his Gothicness by arguing that barbarian ethnicities were evanescent and subsumed by the gravity of a Roman political identity. They hold that Jordanes was simply a Roman who can tell us only about Roman things, and supported the Roman emperor in his war against the Goths. -
The Cambridge Companion to Age of Constantine.Pdf
The Cambridge Companion to THE AGE OF CONSTANTINE S The Cambridge Companion to the Age of Constantine offers students a com- prehensive one-volume introduction to this pivotal emperor and his times. Richly illustrated and designed as a readable survey accessible to all audiences, it also achieves a level of scholarly sophistication and a freshness of interpretation that will be welcomed by the experts. The volume is divided into five sections that examine political history, reli- gion, social and economic history, art, and foreign relations during the reign of Constantine, a ruler who gains in importance because he steered the Roman Empire on a course parallel with his own personal develop- ment. Each chapter examines the intimate interplay between emperor and empire and between a powerful personality and his world. Collec- tively, the chapters show how both were mutually affected in ways that shaped the world of late antiquity and even affect our own world today. Noel Lenski is Associate Professor of Classics at the University of Colorado, Boulder. A specialist in the history of late antiquity, he is the author of numerous articles on military, political, cultural, and social history and the monograph Failure of Empire: Valens and the Roman State in the Fourth Century ad. Cambridge Collections Online © Cambridge University Press, 2007 Cambridge Collections Online © Cambridge University Press, 2007 The Cambridge Companion to THE AGE OF CONSTANTINE S Edited by Noel Lenski University of Colorado Cambridge Collections Online © Cambridge University Press, 2007 cambridge university press Cambridge, New York, Melbourne, Madrid, Cape Town, Singapore, Sao˜ Paulo Cambridge University Press 40 West 20th Street, New York, ny 10011-4211, usa www.cambridge.org Information on this title: www.cambridge.org/9780521818384 c Cambridge University Press 2006 This publication is in copyright. -
Interstate Alliances of the Fourth-Century BCE Greek World: a Socio-Cultural Perspective
City University of New York (CUNY) CUNY Academic Works All Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects 9-2016 Interstate Alliances of the Fourth-Century BCE Greek World: A Socio-Cultural Perspective Nicholas D. Cross The Graduate Center, City University of New York How does access to this work benefit ou?y Let us know! More information about this work at: https://academicworks.cuny.edu/gc_etds/1479 Discover additional works at: https://academicworks.cuny.edu This work is made publicly available by the City University of New York (CUNY). Contact: [email protected] INTERSTATE ALLIANCES IN THE FOURTH-CENTURY BCE GREEK WORLD: A SOCIO-CULTURAL PERSPECTIVE by Nicholas D. Cross A dissertation submitted to the Graduate Faculty in History in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, The City University of New York 2016 © 2016 Nicholas D. Cross All Rights Reserved ii Interstate Alliances in the Fourth-Century BCE Greek World: A Socio-Cultural Perspective by Nicholas D. Cross This manuscript has been read and accepted for the Graduate Faculty in History in satisfaction of the dissertation requirement for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. ______________ __________________________________________ Date Jennifer Roberts Chair of Examining Committee ______________ __________________________________________ Date Helena Rosenblatt Executive Officer Supervisory Committee Joel Allen Liv Yarrow THE CITY UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK iii ABSTRACT Interstate Alliances of the Fourth-Century BCE Greek World: A Socio-Cultural Perspective by Nicholas D. Cross Adviser: Professor Jennifer Roberts This dissertation offers a reassessment of interstate alliances (συµµαχία) in the fourth-century BCE Greek world from a socio-cultural perspective. -
The Ruin of the Roman Empire
7888888888889 u o u o u o u THE o u Ruin o u OF THE o u Roman o u o u EMPIRE o u o u o u o u jamesj . o’donnell o u o u o u o u o u o u o hjjjjjjjjjjjk This is Ann’s book contents Preface iv Overture 1 part i s theoderic’s world 1. Rome in 500: Looking Backward 47 2. The World That Might Have Been 107 part ii s justinian’s world 3. Being Justinian 177 4. Opportunities Lost 229 5. Wars Worse Than Civil 247 part iii s gregory’s world 6. Learning to Live Again 303 7. Constantinople Deflated: The Debris of Empire 342 8. The Last Consul 364 Epilogue 385 List of Roman Emperors 395 Notes 397 Further Reading 409 Credits and Permissions 411 Index 413 About the Author Other Books by James J. O’ Donnell Credits Cover Copyright About the Publisher preface An American soldier posted in Anbar province during the twilight war over the remains of Saddam’s Mesopotamian kingdom might have been surprised to learn he was defending the westernmost frontiers of the an- cient Persian empire against raiders, smugglers, and worse coming from the eastern reaches of the ancient Roman empire. This painful recycling of history should make him—and us—want to know what unhealable wound, what recurrent pathology, what cause too deep for journalists and politicians to discern draws men and women to their deaths again and again in such a place. The history of Rome, as has often been true in the past, has much to teach us. -
College of Natural Sciences Approved Foreign Culture Courses for Spring 2015
College of Natural Sciences Approved Foreign Culture Courses for Spring 2015 Note: Courses may have prerequisites and restrictions. Make sure to check for these prior to registration. Some courses are cross-listed in other departments. These cross-listings are indicated in the parentheses following the courses in the list. If a course is “full” under one department, there may be openings in the cross-listed section. AFRICA AFR 310K INTRODUCTION TO MODERN AFRICA (HIS 310) AFR 317C INTRO TO THE STUDY OF AFRICA AFR 317C 3-PEOPLES/CULTURES OF AFRICA AFR 372D MEDICINE IN AFRICAN HISTORY (HIS 350L) AFR 374C COMMUNITY & SOCIAL DEVEL-RSA (ANT 324L, S W 360K, WGS 340) AFR 374F 12-VIS ARTS OF THE CARIBBEAN (ARH 345M, LAS 327) AFR 372G 3-ARCHAEOL OF AFRICAN THOUGHT (ANT 324L 24, ANT 380K) AFR 372G 5-GNDR IN NORTH & WEST AFRICA (ISL 373 8, MEL 321 16, MES 342 28, WGS 340 34) AFR 372G 32-AFRICAN HIST FILMS & PHOTOS (HIS 364G 4) AFR 372G 34-JESUS, AFRICA, AND HISTORY (R S 360 1) AFR 374C 6-APARTHEID: SOUTH AFR HIST (HIS 364G 6, WGS 340 42) AFR 374E 6-AFRO-CARIBBEAN DIASPORAS (LAS 322 19) AFR 374F 11-INTRO TO AFRICAN ART (ARH 346K, WGS 340) E 360S 4-AFRICA AND THE VICTORIANS GRG 356T INTL DEVELOPMENT IN AFRICA ASL ASL 350 1-AMERICAN SIGN LANGUAGE LIT CSD 360M COMMUNICATION AND DEAF PEOPLE CENTRAL AND SOUTH AMERICA ARH 370J 1-ANCIENT MAYA WRTG AND HIST ARH 370J 2-SCRD LNDSCPS PRECLMBN WRLD LAS 315 AZTECS AND SPANIARDS (ANT 310L) LAS 319 GEOGRAPHY OF LATIN AMERICA (GRG 319) LAS 322 14-JRNLSM & PRSS FRDM IN LAT AMER (J 354F) LAS 322 19-AFRO-CARIBBEAN DIASPORAS -
Greek Orthodox Bible : New Testament
THE EASTERN - GREEK ORTHODOX BIBLE : NEW TESTAMENT Presented to Presented by Date – Occasion THE EASTERN - GREEK ORTHODOX BIBLE NEW TESTAMENT THE EASTERN / GREEK ORTHODOX BIBLE BASED ON THE SEPTUAGINT AND THE PATRIARCHAL TEXT NEW TESTAMENT ALSO KNOWN AS THE CHRISTIAN GREEK SCRIPTURES With extensive introductory and supplemental material The EOB New Testament is presented in memory of Archbishop Vsevolod of Scopelos (†2007) Ukrainian Orthodox Church of the USA Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople And in honor of His Beatitude Metropolitan Jonah Primate of the Orthodox Church in America ABBREVIATIONS AND CODES Indicates words added for clarity and accuracy but which may not [ ] be in the Greek text. For public reading, these words can be included or skipped Indicates words added for theological clarity and accuracy. For { } public reading, these words should be skipped Indicates words that may have been added in the Byzantine textual tradition for the purpose of clarification, harmonization or liturgical < > use and which are present in the PT, but which may not have been part of the original manuscripts ANF/PNF Ante-Nicene Fathers / Post-Nicene Fathers BAC Being as Communion, John Zizioulas CCC Catechism of the Catholic Church Modern “eclectic” texts or reconstructed "critical texts" (United CT Bible Societies Text (UBS) or the Nestle-Aland Text (NA)) CTC Called to Communion, Joseph Ratzinger EBC Eucharist, Bishop, Church, John Zizioulas EOB Eastern / Greek Orthodox Bible HBB His Broken Body, Laurent Cleenewerck HE Ecclesiastical History (Eusebius) (Paul Maier’s edition) KJV King James Version (sometimes called Authorized Version) Greek translation of the Old Testament known as the Septuagint LXX which is the basis for the main English text of the EOB/OT TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTORY SECTION ABBREVIATIONS AND CODES .............................................................................. -
The Religious Administration of Constantine
The religious administration of Constantine MORTEN WARMIND University of Copenhagen Abstract Much of Håkan Rydving's work deals in one way or another with the influence of Christianity on the Saami-peoples. In my paper I explore how Constantine promoted Christianity through his time as emperor in the laws he issued. It is my argument, that Constantine really did nothing - or very little - that was without precedent, but that his care- ful method and his longevity as ruler was among the reasons for his success in creating the beginnings of a Christian Empire. Keywords: Roman Empire, Constantine, religious administration, Chris- tianisation, Codex Theodosianus Håkan Rydving published his thesis ‘The End of Drum-Time’ in 1993. It is sub-titled ‘Religious Change among the Lule Saami, 1670s–1740s’, and in it he discusses and clarifies the change of religion which took place in a culture confronted by missionaries working to effect as much change as they could. The work of these missionaries was based on the power of the state, and indeed used physical destruction of the primary religious instru- ments – drums – as a means of conversion, mirroring the great Christian missionaries like Martin of Tours in the fourth century or possibly the ninth-century missionaries to the north like Ansgar. The story of the con- version of large areas of the globe to Christianity is generally one of force and power – the machinery of a central state and sometimes even a hostile foreign power – being used to promote, propagate, or, if possible, simply force a new religion on a people on the periphery. -
THE MOTHER of WEALTH: EIRENE REVISITED Late Classical (4Th
CHAPTER TEN THE MOTHER OF WEALTH: EIRENE REVISITED Late Classical (4th-century) Athens’ preoccupa- of imperialism regarding the trial and condem- tion with a Panhellenic peace—and the eco- nation of Agyrrhios and Thrasyboulos of Kol- nomic wealth that it would bring—is reflected lytos, two of the principal imperialists from the in Athenian art. The actual eirene (peace), how- Korinthian War (24.134-135; for more on peace ever, eluded Athens. Ploutos (Wealth) was to be in the later Classical period see Hunt, 2010). Ath- Eirene ’s gift that would save the people. Is it no ens rather set about finding a saviour or a state wonder then, that Ploutos and, by association, that might lead her and the Greek poleis through Eirene , were absorbed into the Eleusinian Mys- the crisis of disunity. In his Panegyrikos (380) teries , a cult that provided a religious salvation? Isokrates argued that this imagined saviour, per- Ploutos ’ iconography becomes confused with haps even Sparta, would bring about, and serve that of Triptolemos , Dionysos , and other divine as guardian to, a lasting peace (Isokrates 4.175; children, while Eirene ’s image is confused with see also Xenophon, Hellenika 5.1.36). This need that of other maternal goddesses, especially Ge for a political saviour may have encouraged those (Earth) and Demeter herself. An overview of the who still hoped that Athens might lead a second Greek attempts at peace will illuminate the his- Athenian (naval) League (sworn in the summer torical circumstances that led to the popularity of of 378) (Hornblower, 1983: 208-209). -
The Roman Empire
@ ttre UnitedNations University, 1979 Printedin Japan tsBN92-808-0053.1 rssN0379-5764 HSDRGP ID.1/UNUP-53 ONTHE DECLINE AND FALLOF EMPIRES: THEROMAN EMPIRE AND WESTERN IMPERIALISMCOMPARED JohanGaltung, Tore Heiestad, and Eric Ruge 'r$ E0 fZ-1.v, %#-VUN CONTENTS t. Introduction tl The Rise and Decline of the RomanEmpire: A Rough Characterization ill The Rise and Decline of WesternDominance: A Short Characteri zat ion ì9 lV. Conclusion 39 Notes 43 Bi bl iography 66 Thispaper by JohanGaltung, Tore Heiestad,and Eric Rugewas first presentedat the GPID lll meeting, Geneva,2-8October 1978. lt canbe consideredas a contributionto the Expansionand Exploitation Processessub-project of the GPID Project. Geneva,June 1979 JohanGaltung Thispaper is beingcirculated in a pre-publicationform to elicitcomments from readersand generate dialogueon the subiectat this stageof the research' ". the decl ine of Romewas the naturar and inevitabre effect of immoderategreatness. prosperity ripened the principle of decay; the causesof destruction multipl ied with the extent of conquest; and, as soon as time or accident had removedthe art ificial supports, the stupendousfabric yielded to the pressure of its own weictht.,' Edward Gi bbon "l think of what happenedto Greeceand Rome,and you see - what is left only the pi I lars. V/hathas happened,of course is that the great civilizations of the past, as they have becomeweaìthy, as they have rost their wiil to rive,' to improve, they have becomesubject to the decadencethat eventually destroys the civilization. The united states is now reaching that period. I am convinced, however, that we have the vitality, I berieve we have the courage, r be.|ieve we have the strength out through this heartland and across this Nation that will see to it that Americanot only is rich and strong, but that it is healthy in terms of moral and spiritual strEiilll- RichardM.