DOCSLIB.ORG

WRA Species Report

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

Family: Salicaceae Taxon: Flacourtia indica Synonym: Flacourtia ramontchi L’Hér. Common Name: batoko plum Flacourtia sepiaria Roxb. governor's plum Gmelina indica Burm. f. (basionym) Indian plum Madagascar plum ramontchi Questionaire : current 20090513 Assessor: Chuck Chimera Designation: H(HPWRA) Status: Assessor Approved Data Entry Person: Chuck Chimera WRA Score 12 101 Is the species highly domesticated? y=-3, n=0 n 102 Has the species become naturalized where grown? y=1, n=-1 103 Does the species have weedy races? y=1, n=-1 201 Species suited to tropical or subtropical climate(s) - If island is primarily wet habitat, then (0-low; 1-intermediate; 2- High substitute "wet tropical" for "tropical or subtropical" high) (See Appendix 2) 202 Quality of climate match data (0-low; 1-intermediate; 2- High high) (See Appendix 2) 203 Broad climate suitability (environmental versatility) y=1, n=0 y 204 Native or naturalized in regions with tropical or subtropical climates y=1, n=0 y 205 Does the species have a history of repeated introductions outside its natural range? y=-2, ?=-1, n=0 y 301 Naturalized beyond native range y = 1*multiplier (see y Appendix 2), n= question 205 302 Garden/amenity/disturbance weed n=0, y = 1*multiplier (see Appendix 2) 303 Agricultural/forestry/horticultural weed n=0, y = 2*multiplier (see n Appendix 2) 304 Environmental weed n=0, y = 2*multiplier (see y Appendix 2) 305 Congeneric weed n=0, y = 1*multiplier (see y Appendix 2) 401 Produces spines, thorns or burrs y=1, n=0 y 402 Allelopathic y=1, n=0 403 Parasitic y=1, n=0 n 404 Unpalatable to grazing animals y=1, n=-1 n 405 Toxic to animals y=1, n=0 n 406 Host for recognized pests and pathogens y=1, n=0 407 Causes allergies or is otherwise toxic to humans y=1, n=0 n 408 Creates a fire hazard in natural ecosystems y=1, n=0 409 Is a shade tolerant plant at some stage of its life cycle y=1, n=0 n Print Date: 9/7/2012 Flacourtia indica (Salicaceae) Page 1 of 10 410 Tolerates a wide range of soil conditions (or limestone conditions if not a volcanic island) y=1, n=0 y 411 Climbing or smothering growth habit y=1, n=0 n 412 Forms dense thickets y=1, n=0 y 501 Aquatic y=5, n=0 n 502 Grass y=1, n=0 n 503 Nitrogen fixing woody plant y=1, n=0 n 504 Geophyte (herbaceous with underground storage organs -- bulbs, corms, or tubers) y=1, n=0 n 601 Evidence of substantial reproductive failure in native habitat y=1, n=0 n 602 Produces viable seed y=1, n=-1 y 603 Hybridizes naturally y=1, n=-1 604 Self-compatible or apomictic y=1, n=-1 605 Requires specialist pollinators y=-1, n=0 n 606 Reproduction by vegetative fragmentation y=1, n=-1 n 607 Minimum generative time (years) 1 year = 1, 2 or 3 years = 0, 4+ years = -1 701 Propagules likely to be dispersed unintentionally (plants growing in heavily trafficked y=1, n=-1 areas) 702 Propagules dispersed intentionally by people y=1, n=-1 y 703 Propagules likely to disperse as a produce contaminant y=1, n=-1 n 704 Propagules adapted to wind dispersal y=1, n=-1 n 705 Propagules water dispersed y=1, n=-1 706 Propagules bird dispersed y=1, n=-1 y 707 Propagules dispersed by other animals (externally) y=1, n=-1 n 708 Propagules survive passage through the gut y=1, n=-1 y 801 Prolific seed production (>1000/m2) y=1, n=-1 802 Evidence that a persistent propagule bank is formed (>1 yr) y=1, n=-1 803 Well controlled by herbicides y=-1, n=1 y 804 Tolerates, or benefits from, mutilation, cultivation, or fire y=1, n=-1 y 805 Effective natural enemies present locally (e.g. introduced biocontrol agents) y=-1, n=1 Designation: H(HPWRA) WRA Score 12 Print Date: 9/7/2012 Flacourtia indica (Salicaceae) Page 2 of 10 Supporting Data: 101 2007. Wu, Z.Y./Raven, P.H./Hong, D.Y. (eds.). [Is the species highly domesticated? No evidence] "The taxonomy of Flacourtia Flora of China. Vol. 13 (Clusiaceae through indica is complex. Some authors have treated the species in a broad sense, and Araliaceae). Science Press and Missouri include in synonymy not only F. ramontchi (see below) but also several other Botanical Garden Press, Beijing & St. Louis entities found across tropical Asia and Africa. For an introduction to the problem, see Matthew (Fl. Tamilnadu Carnatic 3(1): 59–61. 1983), Mitra (in Sharma et al., Fl. India 2: 402–403. 1993), Sleumer (Fl. Males., ser. 1, 5(1): 76– 77. 1954), and Verdcourt (in Dassanayake & Clayton, Rev. Handb. Fl. Ceylon 10: 222–224. 1996). Some of the taxonomic confusion might be due to a loss of significant field characters during the preparation of herbarium material (Verdcourt, loc. cit.). In the present account, F. ramontchi is treated as a separate species because, on the evidence of herbarium material at PE, it seems to be a distinct and recognizable entity within China. Descriptions of F. ramontchi vary; for example, compare that below with Matthew (loc. cit.)." 102 2012. WRA Specialist. Personal Communication. NA 103 2012. WRA Specialist. Personal Communication. NA 201 2012. USDA ARS National Genetic Resources [Species suited to tropical or subtropical climate(s) 2-High] "Native: Program. Germplasm Resources Information AFRICA Network - (GRIN). http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi- Northeast Tropical Africa: Ethiopia; Somalia bin/npgs/html/index.pl East Tropical Africa: Kenya; Tanzania; Uganda South Tropical Africa: Malawi; Mozambique; Zambia; Zimbabwe Southern Africa: Botswana; Namibia; South Africa - Cape Province, Transvaal Western Indian Ocean: Madagascar ASIA-TEMPERATE China: China - Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan ASIA-TROPICAL Indian Subcontinent: India; Nepal; Sri Lanka Indo-China: Cambodia; Laos; Thailand; Vietnam Malesia: Indonesia; Malaysia; Philippines" 202 2012. USDA ARS National Genetic Resources [Quality of climate match data 2-High] Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network - (GRIN). http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi- bin/npgs/html/index.pl 203 1988. Booth, F.E.M./Wickens, G.E.. Non-Timber [Broad climate suitability (environmental versatility)? Yes] "Climate - Occurs in a Uses of Selected Arid Zone Trees and Shrubs in wide range of climatic regions." … "Altitude - Sea level to 2400 m." Africa. Volume 19 of FAO Conservation Guide. Food & Agriculture Org, Rome 203 2007. Wu, Z.Y./Raven, P.H./Hong, D.Y. (eds.). [Broad climate suitability (environmental versatility)? Yes. Broad native range and Flora of China. Vol. 13 (Clusiaceae through elevation distribution exceeds 1000 m] "Broad-leaved forests; sea level to 1400 Araliaceae). Science Press and Missouri m. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan [widespread and cultivated in tropical Botanical Garden Press, Beijing & St. Louis and subtropical regions of Africa, Asia, and the Pacific islands]." 203 2008. Janick, J./Paull, R.E.. The Encyclopedia of [Broad climate suitability (environmental versatility)? Yes] "…slow growing and is Fruit & Nuts. Cabi Publishing, Wallingford, UK found near homes and in fields in a variety of climates and soils south of the Sahara." 204 2012. USDA ARS National Genetic Resources [Native or naturalized in regions with tropical or subtropical climates? Yes] "Native: Program. Germplasm Resources Information AFRICA Network - (GRIN). http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi- Northeast Tropical Africa: Ethiopia; Somalia bin/npgs/html/index.pl East Tropical Africa: Kenya; Tanzania; Uganda South Tropical Africa: Malawi; Mozambique; Zambia; Zimbabwe Southern Africa: Botswana; Namibia; South Africa - Cape Province, Transvaal Western Indian Ocean: Madagascar ASIA-TEMPERATE China: China - Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan ASIA-TROPICAL Indian Subcontinent: India; Nepal; Sri Lanka Indo-China: Cambodia; Laos; Thailand; Vietnam Malesia: Indonesia; Malaysia; Philippines" 205 2008. Janick, J./Paull, R.E.. The Encyclopedia of [Does the species have a history of repeated introductions outside its natural Fruit & Nuts. Cabi Publishing, Wallingford, UK range? Yes] "It has been spread to the Caribbean, Central America, India and China." Print Date: 9/7/2012 Flacourtia indica (Salicaceae) Page 3 of 10 205 2009. Orwa, C./Mutua, A./Kindt, R./Jamnadass, [Does the species have a history of repeated introductions outside its natural R./Simons, A.. Agroforestree Database:a tree range? Yes] "Antigua and Barbuda, Barbados, China, Cuba, Dominica, reference and selection guide version 4.0. World Dominican Republic, Grenada, Indonesia, Jamaica, Madagascar, Malaysia, Agroforestry Centre, Puerto Rico, Seychelles, Sri Lanka, St Kitts and Nevis, St Lucia, St Vincent and (http://www.worldagroforestry.org/af/treedb/) the Grenadines, Trinidad and Tobago, Virgin Islands (US)" 301 1976. Morton, J.F.. Pestiferous spread of many [Naturalized beyond native range? Yes] "Flacourtia indica Merr. (F. ramontchi ornamental and fruit species in South Florida. L'Her.) GOVERNOR'S PLUM. Seedlings found in hammocks and disturbed sites Proceedings of the Florida State Horticultural on Key Biscayne and elsewhere in South Florida. (6)." Society. 89: 348-353. 301 2001. Sandlund, O.T./Schei, P.J./Viken, Å.. [Naturalized beyond native range? Yes] "Table 22.4 The 19 most invasive Invasive Species and Biodiversity Management. species on the Mascarene Islands." … "Very invasive on Mauritius, invasive on Kluwer, Dordrecht, The Netherlands Reunion and naturalised on Rodrigues" 301 2003. Wunderlin, R.P./Hansen, B.F.. Guide to [Naturalized beyond native range? Presumably Yes] "Disturbed sites. the Vascular Plants of Florida. University Press Rare…Escaped from cultivation" of Florida, Gainsville, FL 301 2005. Flora of North America Editorial [Naturalized beyond native range? Yes] "Flowering and fruiting year-round. Committee. Flora of North America: North of Roadsides, grassy areas, hammock edges; 0-10 m; introduced; Fla." … Mexico, Volume 7. Magnoliophyta: Salicaceae to "Flacourtia indica has been cultivated in southern Florida for a century or more Brassicaceae.
Recommended publications
  • Litsea Monopetala Lauraceae

    Litsea Monopetala Lauraceae

    Litsea monopetala (Roxb.) Persoon Lauraceae LOCAL NAMES Burmese (ondon laukya); Hindi (maidalagadil,singran,bastuva,rapamba,muga,meda,kalmara,kavkawa); Indonesian (huru manuk); Malay (bangang); Nepali (kutmiro,soalu,ratmanti,kutmero); Thai (kathang) BOTANIC DESCRIPTION Litsea monopetala is a small tree up to 18 m tall, bole straight to crooked, up to 60 cm in diameter, bark surface longitudinally fissured, dark greyish, inner bark brown mottled. Leaves alternate, 4.5-17 cm x 2.5-10 cm, blunt to acute, glabrous above, sparsely hairy below, midrib sunken above, with 6-13 pairs of secondary veins which are sunken above, tertiary venation scalariform, distinct below, petiole 1-2.5 cm long. Flowers in peduncled umbellules in short racemes, with (4-)6 tepals and 9- 12 stamens. Fruit oblong to ellipsoid, 0.7-1.2 cm long, seated on a small flat perianth cup. BIOLOGY Flower appears in March-April and fruit ripen in July-August. The fruits of L. monopetala are thought to be dispersed by bats. Agroforestry Database 4.0 (Orwa et al.2009) Page 1 of 5 Litsea monopetala (Roxb.) Persoon Lauraceae ECOLOGY L. monopetala is locally common in mixed lowland and montane evergreen or semi-deciduous forest. BIOPHYSICAL LIMITS Altitude: Up to 1500 m. DOCUMENTED SPECIES DISTRIBUTION Native: China, India, Indonesia, Myanmar, Thailand Exotic: Native range Exotic range The map above shows countries where the species has been planted. It does neither suggest that the species can be planted in every ecological zone within that country, nor that the species can not be planted in other countries than those depicted.
  • Clonal Propagation of Flacourtia Indica for Ensuring Quality Planting Materials and Sustainable Supply of Edible Fruits

    Clonal Propagation of Flacourtia Indica for Ensuring Quality Planting Materials and Sustainable Supply of Edible Fruits

    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Hasanuddin University Graduate School: Open Journal Systems International Journal of Agriculture System (IJAS) Clonal Propagation of Flacourtia indica for Ensuring Quality Planting Materials and Sustainable Supply of Edible Fruits Md. Alamgir Kabir (Corresponding author) Department of Agroforestry, Patuakhali Science and Technology University Dumki, Patuakhali-8602, Bangladesh Tel.: +88 04427-56014/468 Fax: +88-0027-56009 E-mail: [email protected] Md. Hasan Mehedi Khan Department of Agroforestry, Patuakhali Science and Technology University Dumki, Patuakhali-8602, Bangladesh Tel.: +88 04427-56014/296 Fax: +88-0027-56009 E-mail: [email protected] Md. Masudur Rahman Department of Agroforestry, Patuakhali Science and Technology University Dumki, Patuakhali-8602, Bangladesh Tel.: +88 04427-56014/296 Fax: +88-0027-56009 E-mail: [email protected] A.T.M. Rabiul Alam Department of Agroforestry, Patuakhali Science and Technology University Dumki, Patuakhali-8602, Bangladesh Tel.: +88 04427-56014/296 Fax: +88-0027-56009 E-mail: [email protected] S.M. Hemayet Jahan Department of Entomology, Patuakhali Science and Technology University Dumki, Patuakhali-8602, Bangladesh Tel.: +88 04427-56014/413 Fax: +88-0027-56009 E-mail: [email protected] A.K.M. Mostafa Zaman Department of Geo-information Science and Earth Observation Patuakhali Science and Technology University Dumki, Patuakhali-8602, Bangladesh Tel.: +88 04427-56014/240 Fax: +88-0027-56009 E-mail:
  • Invasive Alien Plants an Ecological Appraisal for the Indian Subcontinent

    Invasive Alien Plants an Ecological Appraisal for the Indian Subcontinent

    Invasive Alien Plants An Ecological Appraisal for the Indian Subcontinent EDITED BY I.R. BHATT, J.S. SINGH, S.P. SINGH, R.S. TRIPATHI AND R.K. KOHL! 019eas Invasive Alien Plants An Ecological Appraisal for the Indian Subcontinent FSC ...wesc.org MIX Paper from responsible sources `FSC C013604 CABI INVASIVE SPECIES SERIES Invasive species are plants, animals or microorganisms not native to an ecosystem, whose introduction has threatened biodiversity, food security, health or economic development. Many ecosystems are affected by invasive species and they pose one of the biggest threats to biodiversity worldwide. Globalization through increased trade, transport, travel and tour- ism will inevitably increase the intentional or accidental introduction of organisms to new environments, and it is widely predicted that climate change will further increase the threat posed by invasive species. To help control and mitigate the effects of invasive species, scien- tists need access to information that not only provides an overview of and background to the field, but also keeps them up to date with the latest research findings. This series addresses all topics relating to invasive species, including biosecurity surveil- lance, mapping and modelling, economics of invasive species and species interactions in plant invasions. Aimed at researchers, upper-level students and policy makers, titles in the series provide international coverage of topics related to invasive species, including both a synthesis of facts and discussions of future research perspectives and possible solutions. Titles Available 1.Invasive Alien Plants : An Ecological Appraisal for the Indian Subcontinent Edited by J.R. Bhatt, J.S. Singh, R.S. Tripathi, S.P.
  • Insect Fauna Associated with Muga-Ecosystem in North East India and Ambrosia Beetle

    Insect Fauna Associated with Muga-Ecosystem in North East India and Ambrosia Beetle

    Invasive Ambrosia Beetle Conference The Situation in California August 12 – 14, 2012 Meeting sponsored by: The Hofshi Foundation University of California, Riverside UC Center for Invasive Pest Research The Huntington Botanical Gardens The Los Angeles Arboretum Invasive Ambrosia Beetle Conference The Situation in California August 12 – 14, 2012 Session 6 Invasion Epidemiology INSECT FAUNA ASSOCIATED WITH MUGA-ECOSYSTEM IN NORTH EAST INDIA AND AMBROSIA BEETLE DR. RAJESH KUMAR CENTRAL MUGA, ERI RESEARCH & TRAINING INSTITUTE CENTRAL SILK BOARD MINISTRY OF TEXTILES, GOVT. OF INDIA Lahdoigarh – 785 700 Jorhat (ASSAM) EXPLORATION Central Muga Eri Sikkim Arunachal Pradesh Research and Training Institute, Meghalaya Jorhat - ASSAM 1200cm rainfall at Humidity : 85-100% some Temp: 25-32ºC places ASSAM Nagaland Tripura Mizoram Manipur FOUR TYPES OF SILLKWORMS IN NORTH EAST INDIA SILKWORMS AND HOST PLANTS Som, Persea bombycina Soalu , Litsea monopetala Antheraea assamensis Helfer Digloti, L. salicifolia Mejankri, L. citrata Antheraea pernyi Samia ricini Boisd. Castor, Ricinus communis) Tapioca , Manihot esculenta Oak, Quercus serrata, Kesseru, Heteropanax Q. dealbata fragrans Payam, Evodia fraxinifolia, Bombyx mori Linn. Barpat, Ailanthus grandis, A. excelsa A. altissima Mulberry, Morus spp. III instar I instar II instar IV instar V instar 22/03/2012 Rearing in the natural condition Collection of silkworms Collection of cocoons Traditionally called “Jali” (dried branches of Persea bombycina Kost) Harvested Cocoons Muga Silksworm Cocoons Muga Silksworm Femle moths tied on small branch of som plants for laying eggs Muga Silk – A. assamensis Eri Silk – Samia ricini PRELIMINARY STUDY Conducted at Farms of the Institute at Lahdoigarh, Jorhat and at farmers field of Sivasagar and Golaghat District of Assam on two host plants of Muga Silkworm (Antheraea assamensis Helfer) Som (Persea bombycina Kost ) and Soalu (Litsea monopetala).
  • Notes on Hawk Moths ( Lepidoptera — Sphingidae )

    Notes on Hawk Moths ( Lepidoptera — Sphingidae )

    Colemania, Number 33, pp. 1-16 1 Published : 30 January 2013 ISSN 0970-3292 © Kumar Ghorpadé Notes on Hawk Moths (Lepidoptera—Sphingidae) in the Karwar-Dharwar transect, peninsular India: a tribute to T.R.D. Bell (1863-1948)1 KUMAR GHORPADÉ Post-Graduate Teacher and Research Associate in Systematic Entomology, University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 221, K.C. Park P.O., Dharwar 580 008, India. E-mail: [email protected] R.R. PATIL Professor and Head, Department of Agricultural Entomology, University of Agricultural Sciences, Krishi Nagar, Dharwar 580 005, India. E-mail: [email protected] MALLAPPA K. CHANDARAGI Doctoral student, Department of Agricultural Entomology, University of Agricultural Sciences, Krishi Nagar, Dharwar 580 005, India. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract. This is an update of the Hawk-Moths flying in the transect between the cities of Karwar and Dharwar in northern Karnataka state, peninsular India, based on and following up on the previous fairly detailed study made by T.R.D. Bell around Karwar and summarized in the 1937 FAUNA OF BRITISH INDIA volume on Sphingidae. A total of 69 species of 27 genera are listed. The Western Ghats ‘Hot Spot’ separates these towns, one that lies on the coast of the Arabian Sea and the other further east, leeward of the ghats, on the Deccan Plateau. The intervening tract exhibits a wide range of habitats and altitudes, lying in the North Kanara and Dharwar districts of Karnataka. This paper is also an update and summary of Sphingidae flying in peninsular India. Limited field sampling was done; collections submitted by students of the Agricultural University at Dharwar were also examined and are cited here .
  • Analgesic Anti-Inflammatory and Hepatoprotective Activities of Aerial Parts of Flacourtia Sepiaria Roxb

    Analgesic Anti-Inflammatory and Hepatoprotective Activities of Aerial Parts of Flacourtia Sepiaria Roxb

    International Journal of Advances in Science Engineering and Technology, ISSN: 2321-9009 Volume- 4, Issue-4, Oct.-2016 ANALGESIC ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AND HEPATOPROTECTIVE ACTIVITIES OF AERIAL PARTS OF FLACOURTIA SEPIARIA ROXB 1KANNAPPAN N, 2SREEJITH M 1Associate Professor of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy,Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar 608002,Tamil Nadu. INDIA 2Assistant Professor,Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry,National College of Pharmacy Calicut, Kerala, INDIA. E-mail: [email protected], [email protected] Abstract— The present study was carried out to investigate the in vivo acute toxicity study, analgesic anti-inflammatory and hepatoprotective activities of various extracts of the aerial parts of Flacourtia sepiaria Roxb which belongs to the family of Flacourtiaceae. Flacourtia sepiaria is traditionally used as an antidote for snake poisoning, rheumatoid arthritis, gout and kidney diseases. The methanolic extract was found to be very safe up to 2000mg/kg body weight by acute toxicity model study as per the OECD guidelines 423. The methanol extract showed significant anti-nociceptive (analgesic) anti- inflammatory and hepatoprotective activities in a dose dependent manner. The methanol extract at the dose of 400 mg/kg exhibited significant anti-nociceptive anti- inflammatory and hepatoprotective activity. This activity can be attributed to the phenolic and flavonoid content in the methanol extract. Keywords— Flacourtia Sepiaria, Acute Toxicity, Analgesic, Anti-Inflammatory, Hepatoprotective. I. INTRODUCTION the property of a substance or treatment that reduces inflammation. Anti-inflammatory drugs make up Medicinal plants continue to play a vital role in the about half of analgesics, remedying pain by reducing healthcare system of large proportions of world’s inflammation as opposed to opioids which affect the population.
  • Florida Exotic Pest Plant Councils 2017 List Of

    Florida Exotic Pest Plant Councils 2017 List Of

    CATEGORY II (continued) Gov. The 2017 list was prepared by the Scientific Name** Common Name List Zone FLEPPC List Definitions: Exotic – a species FLEPPC Plant List Committee Florida Exotic Pest Plant Tradescantia spathacea oyster plant C, S introduced to Florida, purposefully or accidentally, from a (Rhoeo spathacea, Rhoeo discolor) natural range outside of Florida. Native – a species Patricia L. Howell, Chair 2012-2017, Broward Tribulus cistoides puncture vine, burr-nut N, C, S Council’s 2017 List of whose natural range includes Florida. Naturalized County Parks, Natural Resources and Land Vitex trifolia simple-leaf chaste tree C, S Management Section, [email protected] Washingtonia robusta Washington fan palm C, S exotic – an exotic that sustains itself outside cultivation Invasive Plant Species Wisteria sinensis Chinese wisteria N, C (it is still exotic; it has not “become” native). Invasive Stephen H. Brown, UF / IFAS Lee County Xanthosoma sagittifolium malanga, elephant ear N, C, S exotic – an exotic that not only has naturalized, Extension, Parks and Recreation Division, The mission of the Florida Exotic Pest Plant but is expanding on its own in Florida native plant [email protected] Council is to support the management of invasive Recent changes to plant names exotic plants in Florida’s natural areas by communities. Janice Duquesnel, Florida Park Service, Florida providing a forum for the exchange of scientific, Department of Environmental Protection, educational and technical information. Old Name New Name Abbreviations: Government List (Gov. List): [email protected] www.fleppc.org Possession, propagation, sale, and/or transport of Aleurites fordii Vernicia fordii David W.
  • Forest Inventory and Analysis National Core Field Guide

    Forest Inventory and Analysis National Core Field Guide

    National Core Field Guide, Version 5.1 October, 2011 FOREST INVENTORY AND ANALYSIS NATIONAL CORE FIELD GUIDE VOLUME I: FIELD DATA COLLECTION PROCEDURES FOR PHASE 2 PLOTS Version 5.1 National Core Field Guide, Version 5.1 October, 2011 Changes from the Phase 2 Field Guide version 5.0 to version 5.1 Changes documented in change proposals are indicated in bold type. The corresponding proposal name can be seen using the comments feature in the electronic file. • Section 8. Phase 2 (P2) Vegetation Profile (Core Optional). Corrected several figure numbers and figure references in the text. • 8.2. General definitions. NRCS PLANTS database. Changed text from: “USDA, NRCS. 2000. The PLANTS Database (http://plants.usda.gov, 1 January 2000). National Plant Data Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70874-4490 USA. FIA currently uses a stable codeset downloaded in January of 2000.” To: “USDA, NRCS. 2010. The PLANTS Database (http://plants.usda.gov, 1 January 2010). National Plant Data Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70874-4490 USA. FIA currently uses a stable codeset downloaded in January of 2010”. • 8.6.2. SPECIES CODE. Changed the text in the first paragraph from: “Record a code for each sampled vascular plant species found rooted in or overhanging the sampled condition of the subplot at any height. Species codes must be the standardized codes in the Natural Resource Conservation Service (NRCS) PLANTS database (currently January 2000 version). Identification to species only is expected. However, if subspecies information is known, enter the appropriate NRCS code. For graminoids, genus and unknown codes are acceptable, but do not lump species of the same genera or unknown code.
  • Ethnopharmacological Properties and Medicinal Uses of Litsea Cubeba

    Ethnopharmacological Properties and Medicinal Uses of Litsea Cubeba

    plants Review Ethnopharmacological Properties and Medicinal Uses of Litsea cubeba Madhu Kamle 1, Dipendra K. Mahato 2, Kyung Eun Lee 3, Vivek K. Bajpai 4, Padam Raj Gajurel 1, Kang Sang Gu 3,5,* and Pradeep Kumar 1,* 1 Department of Forestry, North Eastern Regional Institute of Science and Technology, Nirjuli 791109, India; [email protected] (M.K.); [email protected] (P.R.G.) 2 School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, VIC 3125, Australia; [email protected] 3 Molecular Genetics Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38541, Korea; [email protected] 4 Department of Energy and Material Engineering, Dongguk University-Seoul, Seoul 04620, Korea; [email protected] 5 Stemforce, 302 Institute of Industrial Technology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38541, Korea; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] (K.S.G.); [email protected] (P.K.) Received: 8 May 2019; Accepted: 30 May 2019; Published: 1 June 2019 Abstract: The genus Litsea is predominant in tropical and subtropical regions of India, China, Taiwan, and Japan. The plant possesses medicinal properties and has been traditionally used for curing various gastro-intestinal ailments (e.g., diarrhea, stomachache, indigestion, and gastroenteritis) along with diabetes, edema, cold, arthritis, asthma, and traumatic injury. Besides its medicinal properties, Litsea is known for its essential oil, which has protective action against several bacteria, possesses antioxidant and antiparasitic properties, exerts acute and genetic toxicity as well as cytotoxicity, and can even prevent several cancers. Here we summarize the ethnopharmacological properties, essentials oil, medicinal uses, and health benefits of an indigenous plant of northeast India, emphasizing the profound research to uplift the core and immense potential present in the conventional medicine of the country.
  • Exempted Trees List

    Exempted Trees List

    Prohibited Plants List The following plants should not be planted within the City of North Miami. They do not require a Tree Removal Permit to remove. City of North Miami, 2017 Comprehensive List of Exempted Species Pg. 1/4 Scientific Name Common Name Abrus precatorius Rosary pea Acacia auriculiformis Earleaf acacia Adenanthera pavonina Red beadtree, red sandalwood Aibezzia lebbek woman's tongue Albizia lebbeck Woman's tongue, lebbeck tree, siris tree Antigonon leptopus Coral vine, queen's jewels Araucaria heterophylla Norfolk Island pine Ardisia crenata Scratchthroat, coral ardisia Ardisia elliptica Shoebutton, shoebutton ardisia Bauhinia purpurea orchid tree; Butterfly Tree; Mountain Ebony Bauhinia variegate orchid tree; Mountain Ebony; Buddhist Bauhinia Bischofia javanica bishop wood Brassia actino-phylla schefflera Calophyllum antillanum =C inophyllum Casuarina equisetifolia Australian pine Casuarina spp. Australian pine, sheoak, beefwood Catharanthus roseus Madagascar periwinkle, Rose Periwinkle; Old Maid; Cape Periwinkle Cestrum diurnum Dayflowering jessamine, day blooming jasmine, day jessamine Cinnamomum camphora Camphortree, camphor tree Colubrina asiatica Asian nakedwood, leatherleaf, latherleaf Cupaniopsis anacardioides Carrotwood Dalbergia sissoo Indian rosewood, sissoo Dioscorea alata White yam, winged yam Pg. 2/4 Comprehensive List of Exempted Species Scientific Name Common Name Dioscorea bulbifera Air potato, bitter yam, potato vine Eichhornia crassipes Common water-hyacinth, water-hyacinth Epipremnum pinnatum pothos; Taro
  • Flacourtia Jangomas (Lour.) Raeusch

    Flacourtia Jangomas (Lour.) Raeusch

    Australian Tropical Rainforest Plants - Online edition Flacourtia jangomas (Lour.) Raeusch. Family: Salicaceae Xue, B., Thomas, D.C., Chaowasku, T., Johnson, D.M. & Saunders, R.M.K. (2014) Systematic Botany 39(2): 401. Common name: Plum, Indian; Greater Krekup; Indian Plum Stem Usually grows into a tree but occasionally flowers and fruits as a shrub. Stem often densely clothed in large, branched spines about 20-60 x 4 mm. Leaves Leaf blades about 5.5-11 x 4-5 cm, petioles about 0.4-0.8 cm long. Stipules +/- triangular, about 1 mm long, clothed in hairs. Flowers Flowers about 4-7 mm diam., pedicels about 3-7 mm long. Tepals four to five, about 1 x 2 mm. Male flowers with about 20-60 stamens, filaments about 3-4 mm long, anthers about 0.6 x 0.9 mm. Female flowers: ovary glabrous, slender, flask-shaped. Styles four to five, each ending in a bilobed stigma. Scale bar 10mm. © CSIRO Fruit Fruits subglobose, about 15-25 mm diam. Seeds usually 4-5. Cotyledons orbicular. Seedlings Features not available. Distribution and Ecology An introduced species widely cultivated in SE Asia, Malesia and tropical Africa, possibly originating in India, now naturalised in CYP, NEQ, CEQ and southwards as far as south-eastern Queensland. Altitudinal range in NEQ quite small, being found from near sea level to 100 m. Usually found at deserted house sites or in disturbed areas of gallery forest or rain forest. Natural History & Notes Food plant for the larval stages of the Australian Rustic Butterfly. Common & Waterhouse (1981). Synonyms Stigmarota jangomas Lour., Fl.
  • Mediterranean Fruit Fly, Ceratitis Capitata (Wiedemann) (Insecta: Diptera: Tephritidae)1 M

    Mediterranean Fruit Fly, Ceratitis Capitata (Wiedemann) (Insecta: Diptera: Tephritidae)1 M

    EENY-214 Mediterranean Fruit Fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) (Insecta: Diptera: Tephritidae)1 M. C. Thomas, J. B. Heppner, R. E. Woodruff, H. V. Weems, G. J. Steck, and T. R. Fasulo2 Introduction Because of its wide distribution over the world, its ability to tolerate cooler climates better than most other species of The Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wiede- tropical fruit flies, and its wide range of hosts, it is ranked mann), is one of the world’s most destructive fruit pests. first among economically important fruit fly species. Its The species originated in sub-Saharan Africa and is not larvae feed and develop on many deciduous, subtropical, known to be established in the continental United States. and tropical fruits and some vegetables. Although it may be When it has been detected in Florida, California, and Texas, a major pest of citrus, often it is a more serious pest of some especially in recent years, each infestation necessitated deciduous fruits, such as peach, pear, and apple. The larvae intensive and massive eradication and detection procedures feed upon the pulp of host fruits, sometimes tunneling so that the pest did not become established. through it and eventually reducing the whole to a juicy, inedible mass. In some of the Mediterranean countries, only the earlier varieties of citrus are grown, because the flies develop so rapidly that late-season fruits are too heav- ily infested to be marketable. Some areas have had almost 100% infestation in stone fruits. Harvesting before complete maturity also is practiced in Mediterranean areas generally infested with this fruit fly.